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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_Nations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>First Nations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_Nations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europeans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europeans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Europeans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europeans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discovery_of_gold" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discovery_of_gold"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Discovery of gold</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discovery_of_gold-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gold_rush:_a_city_develops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gold_rush:_a_city_develops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Gold rush: a city develops</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gold_rush:_a_city_develops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_gold_rush" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_gold_rush"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>After the gold rush</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_gold_rush-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heritage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heritage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Heritage</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Heritage-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Heritage subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Heritage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Barker_Street" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barker_Street"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Barker Street</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barker_Street-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Town_hall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Town_hall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Town hall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Town_hall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Imperial_Hotel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Imperial_Hotel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Imperial Hotel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Imperial_Hotel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art_gallery_and_museum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_gallery_and_museum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Art gallery and museum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_gallery_and_museum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Market_building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Market_building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Market building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Market_building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks_and_open_space" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_open_space"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Parks and open space</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_open_space-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Library</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Castlemaine_State_Festival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Castlemaine_State_Festival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Castlemaine State Festival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Castlemaine_State_Festival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_art_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_art_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Public art gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_art_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theatre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theatre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Theatre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theatre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Buda_Historic_Home_and_Garden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buda_Historic_Home_and_Garden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Buda Historic Home and Garden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buda_Historic_Home_and_Garden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Community" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Community"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Community</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Community-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Community subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Community-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Castlemaine_Farmers_Market" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Castlemaine_Farmers_Market"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Castlemaine Farmers Market</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Castlemaine_Farmers_Market-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wesley_Hill_Community_Market" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wesley_Hill_Community_Market"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Wesley Hill Community Market</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wesley_Hill_Community_Market-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Mill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Mill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>The Mill</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Mill-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Churches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Run_the_Maine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Run_the_Maine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Run the Maine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Run_the_Maine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.1</span> <span>Primary schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secondary_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secondary_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.2</span> <span>Secondary schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secondary_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notable residents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Castlemaine, Victoria</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castlemaine_(lungsod_sa_Ostralya)" title="Castlemaine (lungsod sa Ostralya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Castlemaine (lungsod sa Ostralya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castlemaine_(Victoria)" title="Castlemaine (Victoria) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Castlemaine (Victoria)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کستلماین، ویکتوریا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کستلماین، ویکتوریا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castlemaine" title="Castlemaine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Castlemaine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castlemaine" title="Castlemaine – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Castlemaine" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="کاسٹلمین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کاسٹلمین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castlemaine_(Australia)" title="Castlemaine (Australia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Castlemaine (Australia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%95%D8%B3%DA%B5%D9%85%DB%8E%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%8C_%DA%A4%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کەسڵمێین، ڤیکتۆریا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کەسڵمێین، ڤیکتۆریا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castlemaine" title="Castlemaine – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Castlemaine" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castlemaine,_Victoria" title="Castlemaine, Victoria – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Castlemaine, Victoria" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%8C_%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%B9%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="کیسل مین، وکٹوریہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیسل مین، وکٹوریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castlemaine,_Victoria" title="Castlemaine, Victoria – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Castlemaine, Victoria" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%94%E6%A2%85%E6%81%A9_(%E7%BB%B4%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E)" title="卡斯尔梅恩 (维多利亚州) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡斯尔梅恩 (维多利亚州)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q260317#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Castlemaine,_Victoria&params=37_3_49_S_144_13_2_E_type:city_region:AU-VIC"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°3′49″S</span> <span class="longitude">144°13′2″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.06361°S 144.21722°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-37.06361; 144.21722</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Victoria, Australia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="font-size: 125%; line-height: 1.3em; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><span class="fn org locality">Castlemaine</span><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-size:88%" class="region"><a href="/wiki/Victoria_(state)" title="Victoria (state)">Victoria</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid black;width:250px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:1px 0 0 1px"><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orlando_Dutton_bas-relief.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Orlando_Dutton_bas-relief.jpg/250px-Orlando_Dutton_bas-relief.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Orlando_Dutton_bas-relief.jpg/500px-Orlando_Dutton_bas-relief.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1908" data-file-height="908" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/124px-Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/186px-Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/248px-Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1962" data-file-height="1227" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm_%28cropped%29.jpg/124px-PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm_%28cropped%29.jpg/186px-PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm_%28cropped%29.jpg/248px-PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1249" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CastlemaineUnitingChurch.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/CastlemaineUnitingChurch.JPG/250px-CastlemaineUnitingChurch.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/CastlemaineUnitingChurch.JPG/375px-CastlemaineUnitingChurch.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/CastlemaineUnitingChurch.JPG/500px-CastlemaineUnitingChurch.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3292" data-file-height="2231" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CastlemaineBuilding.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/CastlemaineBuilding.JPG/250px-CastlemaineBuilding.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/CastlemaineBuilding.JPG/375px-CastlemaineBuilding.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/CastlemaineBuilding.JPG/500px-CastlemaineBuilding.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3310" data-file-height="2262" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div style="font-size:95%">CBD Castlemaine building, Post Office, Town Hall and the Castlemaine Uniting Church</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:270px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:270px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:270px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Castlemaine is located in Shire of Mount Alexander"><img alt="Castlemaine is located in Shire of Mount Alexander" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg/270px-Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg/405px-Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg/540px-Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="288" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:47.222%;left:64.971%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Castlemaine"><img alt="Castlemaine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Castlemaine</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Castlemaine,_Victoria&params=37_3_49_S_144_13_2_E_type:city_region:AU-VIC"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°3′49″S</span> <span class="longitude">144°13′2″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.06361°S 144.21722°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-37.06361; 144.21722</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">7,506 (<a href="/wiki/2021_Australian_census" title="2021 Australian census">2021 census</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-ABS_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7002373432835820895♠"></span>373.4/km<sup>2</sup> (967.2/sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1851</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_Australia" title="Postcodes in Australia">Postcode(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3450</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">281 m (922 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">20.1 km<sup>2</sup> (7.8 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Australia" title="Time in Australia">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC10" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC10">AEST</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B10" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+10">UTC+10</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC11" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC11">AEST</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B11" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+11">UTC+11</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><ul style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><li> 123 km (76 mi) from <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> </li><li> 39 km (24 mi) from <a href="/wiki/Bendigo,_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Bendigo, Victoria">Bendigo</a> </li><li> 82 km (51 mi) from <a href="/wiki/Ballarat" title="Ballarat">Ballarat</a> </li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Victoria" title="Local government in Victoria">LGA(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shire_of_Mount_Alexander" class="mw-redirect" title="Shire of Mount Alexander">Shire of Mount Alexander</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Electorates_of_the_Australian_states_and_territories" title="Electorates of the Australian states and territories">State electorate(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bendigo_West" title="Electoral district of Bendigo West">Bendigo West</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:40%; background-color:#f9f6d2;"><a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisions of the Australian House of Representatives">Federal division(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Division_of_Bendigo" title="Division of Bendigo">Bendigo</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; border: 1px #ddd solid;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="background-color:#f0f0ff;border: 1px #FFF solid; text-align:center; width:33%;"><b>Mean max temp</b></td> <td style="background-color:#f0f0ff;border: 1px #FFF solid; text-align:center; width:34%;"><b>Mean min temp</b></td> <td style="background-color:#f0f0ff;border: 1px #FFF solid; text-align:center; width:33%;"><b>Annual rainfall</b></td> </tr><tr style="border: 1px #FFF solid" class="mergedrow"> <td style="padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center; width:33%;"> 20.2 °C <br />68 °F</td> <td style="padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center; width:34%;">6.7 °C <br />44 °F</td> <td style="padding: 2px 0px; text-align:center; width:33%;">558.4 mm <br />22 in</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Castlemaine</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/əl/: 'le' in 'bottle'">əl</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">KASS</span>-əl-mayn</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Variation_in_Australian_English" title="Variation in Australian English">non-locally</a> also <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>-/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">KAHSS-</i></a>) is a town in west central <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a>, Australia, in the <a href="/wiki/Goldfields_region_of_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Goldfields region of Victoria">Goldfields region</a> about 123 kilometres (76 miles) northwest by road from <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> and about 39 kilometres (24 miles) from the major provincial centre of <a href="/wiki/Bendigo,_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Bendigo, Victoria">Bendigo</a>. It is the administrative and economic centre of the <a href="/wiki/Shire_of_Mount_Alexander" class="mw-redirect" title="Shire of Mount Alexander">Shire of Mount Alexander</a>. Castlemaine was named by the chief goldfield commissioner, Captain W. Wright, in honour of his <a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish</a> uncle, <a href="/wiki/William_Handcock,_1st_Viscount_Castlemaine" title="William Handcock, 1st Viscount Castlemaine">Viscount Castlemaine</a>. At the <a href="/wiki/2021_Australian_census" title="2021 Australian census">2021 census</a>, Castlemaine had a population of 7,506.<sup id="cite_ref-ABS_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Built on the lands of the <a href="/wiki/Dja_Dja_Wurrung" class="mw-redirect" title="Dja Dja Wurrung">Dja Dja Wurrung</a>, Castlemaine began as a <a href="/wiki/Victorian_gold_rush" title="Victorian gold rush">gold rush</a> <a href="/wiki/Boomtown" title="Boomtown">boomtown</a> in 1851 and developed into a major regional centre, being officially <a href="/wiki/City_of_Castlemaine" title="City of Castlemaine">proclaimed a City</a> on 4 December 1965, although since declining in population.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is home to many cultural institutions including the Theatre Royal, the oldest continuously operating theatre in mainland Australia. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_Nations">First Nations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: First Nations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Castlemaine colonised the traditional lands of the <a href="/wiki/Dja_Dja_Wurrung" class="mw-redirect" title="Dja Dja Wurrung">Dja Dja Wurrung</a> people, also known as the <a href="/wiki/Jaara" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaara">Jaara</a> people. They were regarded by other tribes as being a superior people, not only because of their rich hunting grounds but because from their area came <a href="/wiki/Tachylite" title="Tachylite">tachylite</a>, a hard glassy volcanic stone valued for weapons and tools<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early Europeans described the Dja Dja Wurrung as a strong, physically well-developed people and not belligerent.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Jaara people have a rich culture and reverence for the land.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The environmental devastation caused by gold mining from the 1850s was widespread and permanent in the entire district. It extinguished many native plant and animal species in the area, and decimated and displaced the Dja Dja Wurrung,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for whom quartz was of value but not the soft gold it contained, and who regarded the resulting destruction as having turned their land into 'upside-down country.'<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Their vital water sources included non-perennial creeks and associated underground springs. Mining spread contaminants and destroyed the infrastructure the indigenous people created over generations to maximise seasonal drainage patterns; channels and weirs they built out of timber stakes, to slow receding summer flows, were wrecked; water holes where the people gathered in smaller groups during periods of scarce rainfall and from which they transported water in skin bags when moving, were muddied, polluted and drained; the soaks they had dug between banks into sandy sediment to tap into the water table were likewise obliterated. Some of their waterholes in rock platforms of the Creek that they found or enlarged, then covered with slabs to protect them from animals, may still remain, unidentified.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europeans">Europeans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Europeans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first European settlers named it <b>Forest Creek</b> and as the population grew it became known as <b>Mount Alexander</b>. The old name is still present in some place names in Victoria including the Shire of Mount Alexander and the former main road leading to it from Melbourne – Mount Alexander Road. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mitchell_(explorer)" title="Thomas Mitchell (explorer)">Major Mitchell</a> passed through the region in 1836. Following his discovery, the first squatters arrived in 1837 to establish vast sheep runs. </p><p>In 1854, Chief goldfields commissioner, Captain W. Wright, renamed the settlement 'Castlemaine' in honour of his Irish uncle, <a href="/wiki/William_Handcock,_1st_Viscount_Castlemaine" title="William Handcock, 1st Viscount Castlemaine">Viscount Castlemaine</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discovery_of_gold">Discovery of gold</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Discovery of gold"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 20 July 1851 gold was discovered near present-day Castlemaine (Mt Alexander Goldfields) at Specimen Gully on <a href="/wiki/Barkers_Creek,_Victoria" title="Barkers Creek, Victoria">Barkers Creek</a>. The gold was discovered by Christopher Thomas Peters, a shepherd and hut-keeper on the Barker's Creek, in the service of Dr William Barker on his Mount Alexander run. When the gold was shown in the men's quarters, Peters was ridiculed for finding fool's gold, and the gold was thrown away. Barker did not want his workmen to abandon his sheep, but in August they did just that. John Worley, George Robinson and Robert Keen, also in the employ of Barker as shepherds and a bullock driver, immediately teamed with Peters in working the deposits by panning in Specimen Gully where the gold had been found, which they did in relative privacy during the next month. When Barker sacked them and ran them off his land for trespass, Worley, on behalf of the party "to prevent them getting in trouble", mailed a letter to <i>The Argus</i> (Melbourne) dated 1 September 1851 announcing this new goldfield with the precise location of their workings. This letter was published on 8 September 1851.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "With this obscure notice, rendered still more so by the journalist as 'Western Port', were ushered to the world the inexhaustible treasures of Mount Alexander"<sup id="cite_ref-Council_paper_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Council_paper-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also to become known as the Forest Creek diggings. Within a month there were about 8,000 diggers working the alluvial beds of the creeks near the present day town of Castlemaine, and particularly Forest Creek which runs through <a href="/wiki/Chewton,_Victoria" title="Chewton, Victoria">Chewton</a> where the first small village was established. By the end of the year there were about 25,000 on the field.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gold_rush:_a_city_develops">Gold rush: a city develops</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Gold rush: a city develops"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Forest_Creek_(Castlemaine,_Victoria)_1852.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Forest_Creek_%28Castlemaine%2C_Victoria%29_1852.jpg/220px-Forest_Creek_%28Castlemaine%2C_Victoria%29_1852.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Forest_Creek_%28Castlemaine%2C_Victoria%29_1852.jpg/330px-Forest_Creek_%28Castlemaine%2C_Victoria%29_1852.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Forest_Creek_%28Castlemaine%2C_Victoria%29_1852.jpg/440px-Forest_Creek_%28Castlemaine%2C_Victoria%29_1852.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="602" /></a><figcaption>A view of the first small village to develop on the Mount Alexander goldfields at Chewton (then known as Forest Creek) near Castlemaine in 1852 painted by Samuel Thomas Gill</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_leaving_for_the_diggings._Cobb_%26_Co._coach,_Castlemaine..jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Chinese_leaving_for_the_diggings._Cobb_%26_Co._coach%2C_Castlemaine..jpeg/220px-Chinese_leaving_for_the_diggings._Cobb_%26_Co._coach%2C_Castlemaine..jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Chinese_leaving_for_the_diggings._Cobb_%26_Co._coach%2C_Castlemaine..jpeg/330px-Chinese_leaving_for_the_diggings._Cobb_%26_Co._coach%2C_Castlemaine..jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Chinese_leaving_for_the_diggings._Cobb_%26_Co._coach%2C_Castlemaine..jpeg/440px-Chinese_leaving_for_the_diggings._Cobb_%26_Co._coach%2C_Castlemaine..jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="665" /></a><figcaption>Coach is packed with equipment, Chinese passengers inside and on top of coach, 1853.</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mount_Alexander_Diggings.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mount_Alexander_Diggings.jpg/220px-Mount_Alexander_Diggings.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mount_Alexander_Diggings.jpg/330px-Mount_Alexander_Diggings.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Mount_Alexander_Diggings.jpg/440px-Mount_Alexander_Diggings.jpg 2x" data-file-width="571" data-file-height="392" /></a><figcaption>Another view of the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Alexander" title="Mount Alexander">Mount Alexander goldfields</a> in 1852, painted by <a href="/wiki/ST_Gill" class="mw-redirect" title="ST Gill">ST Gill</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Post_Office_Hill,_Forest_Creek.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Old_Post_Office_Hill%2C_Forest_Creek.jpg/220px-Old_Post_Office_Hill%2C_Forest_Creek.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Old_Post_Office_Hill%2C_Forest_Creek.jpg/330px-Old_Post_Office_Hill%2C_Forest_Creek.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Old_Post_Office_Hill%2C_Forest_Creek.jpg/440px-Old_Post_Office_Hill%2C_Forest_Creek.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1300" /></a><figcaption>A view of the diggings from Old Post Office Hill in 1858. State Library Victoria pictures collection.</figcaption></figure> <p>The first small village developed at Chewton, today in effect a suburb of Mount Alexander Shire, which included the Commissioner's tent, stores, an office for <i>The Argus</i> newspaper, and an office for the Mount Alexander goldfields' own newspaper the <i>Daily Mail</i>. </p><p>On 28 January 1852, William Henry Wright was one of nearly 200 men who were assigned or affirmed as Territorial Magistrates for Victoria. Not long after, he took control of the Mount Alexander diggings and set up a government camp<sup id="cite_ref-post_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on Forest Street near the junction of Barker and Forest Creeks (today's Camp Reserve). This was to be the new township of Castlemaine. The first reference in a newspaper to the township is found in the <i>Geelong Advertiser</i> of 13 March 1852 with the following notice: </p> <dl><dd><blockquote><p>"- The Lieutenant Governor has appointed John Fletcher, Esq., J.P., to be Police Magistrate at Castlemaine; but where Castlemaine is situate[d] we cannot tell."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote></dd></dl> <p>A court house was established on what is today known as Goldsmith Crescent, Castlemaine near the new government camp. Stores were also established nearby. </p><p>The first official Post Office at Castlemaine, named "Forrest Creek", opened on 1 March 1852. (Renamed the Castlemaine Post Office on 1 January 1854.)<sup id="cite_ref-a_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first official Post Office was established after "The Argus" (Melbourne) correspondent at Forest Creek had an article published in November 1851 that put the case forward for a Post Office to be established somewhere between the Forest Creek goldfield and Kyneton. At the same time (November 1851) he described the Forest Creek diggings as having many businesses such as stores and licensed hawkers and "at least 8000 persons on the two creeks (Forest and Barker)".<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The need pointed out in "The Argus" in November 1851 had resulted in an unofficial Post Office being established on the diggings at Chewton (Forest Creek) in December 1851, a Post Office then described as being "on the most central part of the diggings".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 February 1853 town lots were offered for sale. By that time the first Castlemaine District Hospital had been opened, the gaol had been built, and Castlemaine was moving from 'tent' town to bricks and mortar.<sup id="cite_ref-post_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notable prominent businesswoman <a href="/wiki/Fanny_Finch" title="Fanny Finch">Fanny Finch</a> was running a restaurant and lodging house at Forest Creek at this time. </p><p>A local government was formed on 23 April 1855 and was later to become the Town of Castlemaine and in 1965 became the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Castlemaine" title="City of Castlemaine">City of Castlemaine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vmd_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vmd-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, with municipal amalgamations in the early 1990s, Castlemaine lost its 'City' status and is now simply the largest town in the Shire. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Theatre_Royal,_Castlemaine" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatre Royal, Castlemaine">Theatre Royal</a> opened in 1856 to provide entertainment for the gold <a href="/wiki/Diggings" class="mw-redirect" title="Diggings">diggers</a>, with a notable performance being provided by the world-renowned <a href="/wiki/Lola_Montez" title="Lola Montez">Lola Montes</a> and her celebrated Spider Dance. It remains mainland Australia's oldest continuously operating theatre. </p><p>In 1859, the historic <a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_Football_Club" title="Castlemaine Football Club">Castlemaine Football Club</a> was established. Evidence makes it the second oldest football club in Australia and one of the <a href="/wiki/Oldest_football_club" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldest football club">oldest football clubs</a> in the world. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_gold_rush">After the gold rush</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: After the gold rush"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barker_street_castlemaine_1908.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Barker_street_castlemaine_1908.jpg/220px-Barker_street_castlemaine_1908.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Barker_street_castlemaine_1908.jpg/330px-Barker_street_castlemaine_1908.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Barker_street_castlemaine_1908.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="198" /></a><figcaption>Barker Street, Castlemaine in 1908</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gentlemen%27s_Motoring_Party.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gentlemen%27s_Motoring_Party.jpg/220px-Gentlemen%27s_Motoring_Party.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gentlemen%27s_Motoring_Party.jpg/330px-Gentlemen%27s_Motoring_Party.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Gentlemen%27s_Motoring_Party.jpg/440px-Gentlemen%27s_Motoring_Party.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1780" data-file-height="1105" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adolphus_Verey" title="Adolphus Verey">Adolphus Verey</a> (c.1911) Gentlemen's Motoring Party Outside Duggan's Livery Stables, Castlemaine, Victoria</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1877-80 the residences numbered over 2000, and there was a population in the township of 7,500,<sup id="cite_ref-post_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-post-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> forming an electorate in itself, within the district, the County of Talbot, of 19,000 people. Four trains ran daily to and from Melbourne with fares at 13 shillings (A$80 value in 2021) for First Class, and 8s. 6d. (A$52.70) for Second.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As gold mining gradually ceased a number of other secondary industries sprang up. These included breweries, iron foundries and a woollen mill. Thompson's Foundry (now trading as <a href="/wiki/Flowserve" title="Flowserve">Flowserve</a>) was one of Castlemaine's largest employers. </p><p>From the 1970s the industries that had dominated employment in the town for a century began to decline, with many factories closing and others such as Thompson's Foundry significantly downsizing. This led to the displacement of large numbers of people, with many families leaving in search of jobs elsewhere. The area's precious goldrush history and heritage was, however, increasingly recognised, along with its notable population of arts practitioners. Substantial planning and activity helped create new industries in heritage tourism, arts tourism, nature tourism and so on. As a result, Castlemaine began to be visited – and settled – by more 'outsiders', primarily from Melbourne.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Some of these more recent arrivals added to the gentrification of the Victorian era town, helping to preserve its already charming country aspect and enhancing it by establishing a number of cafes and restaurants. As with much gentrification, however, consequent rising house prices placed increased economic pressure on many earlier inhabitants who sometimes struggle to continue living in the area. The town has, overall, taken on a fresh lease of life, combining some of the more desirable aspects of urban Melbourne with the charm and openness of old Castlemaine.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="While these claims may be general knowledge, an authoritative reference is needed to support it (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Castlemaine is nestled in a valley. The urban area extends to several suburban areas, north toward <a href="/wiki/Barkers_Creek,_Victoria" title="Barkers Creek, Victoria">Barkers Creek</a>, west to <a href="/w/index.php?title=McKenzie_Hill,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McKenzie Hill, Victoria (page does not exist)">McKenzie Hill</a>, east to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moonlight_Flat,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moonlight Flat, Victoria (page does not exist)">Moonlight Flat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chewton,_Victoria" title="Chewton, Victoria">Chewton</a> and south to <a href="/wiki/Campbells_Creek,_Victoria" title="Campbells Creek, Victoria">Campbells Creek</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Castlemaine Prison (1991–2020, extremes 1966–2021); 330 m AMSL; 37.08° S, 144.24° E </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.0<br />(113.0) </td> <td style="background: #DD0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.9<br />(111.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.5<br />(101.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.0<br />(93.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.9<br />(84.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.5<br />(94.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.1<br />(104.2) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.0<br />(109.4) </td> <td style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">45.0<br />(113.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.3<br />(82.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8<br />(53.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1<br />(55.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(60.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7<br />(78.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">19.8<br />(67.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.6<br />(56.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7<br />(42.3) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(38.1) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9<br />(44.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3<br />(52.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8<br />(33.4) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(36.5) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6<br />(33.1) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.0<br />(26.6) </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.6<br />(27.3) </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.9<br />(23.2) </td> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.3<br />(20.7) </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.1<br />(24.6) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.0<br />(24.8) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.3<br />(27.9) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−6.3<br />(20.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.3<br />(1.67) </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.7<br />(1.52) </td> <td style="background: #D1FFD1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(1.21) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(1.42) </td> <td style="background: #AEFFAE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.3<br />(2.14) </td> <td style="background: #A0FFA0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.6<br />(2.43) </td> <td style="background: #A7FFA7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.7<br />(2.31) </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.0<br />(2.48) </td> <td style="background: #A0FFA0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.6<br />(2.43) </td> <td style="background: #B6FFB6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.6<br />(1.91) </td> <td style="background: #AEFFAE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.0<br />(2.05) </td> <td style="background: #C4FFC4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(1.54) </td> <td style="background: #B4FFB4; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">586.7<br />(23.11) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 </td> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #7373FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.3 </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.6 </td> <td style="background: #3535FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.3 </td> <td style="background: #3D3DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.7 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.5 </td> <td style="background: #7E7EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 </td> <td style="background: #9090FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 </td> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">121.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average afternoon <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #C1FFC1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40 </td> <td style="background: #C2FFC2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39 </td> <td style="background: #BEFFBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42 </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49 </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #94FF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #B2FFB2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50 </td> <td style="background: #B9FFB9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45 </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41 </td> <td style="background: #AEFFAE; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">52 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023.jpg/220px-Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023.jpg/330px-Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023.jpg/440px-Castlemaine_Town_Hall_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1968" /></a><figcaption>Castlemaine Town Hall, 1898</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Australia" title="Local government in Australia">local government</a>, the Castlemaine region is covered by the <a href="/wiki/Shire_of_Mount_Alexander" class="mw-redirect" title="Shire of Mount Alexander">Shire of Mount Alexander</a>. The council was created in 1995 as an amalgamation of a number of other <a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipalities</a> in the region with the Council and Civic Centre in the former School of Mines, in central Castlemaine, next to the original town hall. Castlemaine Town is represented by the Castlemaine Ward. The Loddon River Ward is centred around the township of Newstead. The Tarrengower Ward is centred around the township of Maldon. The Calder Ward is centred around Harcourt. The Coliban Ward covers the villages of Chewton, Elphinstone and Taradale. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Victoria" title="Politics of Victoria">state politics</a>, Castlemaine is located in the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_Legislative_Assembly" title="Victorian Legislative Assembly">Legislative Assembly</a> districts of <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_of_Bendigo_West" title="Electoral district of Bendigo West">Bendigo West</a> currently held by the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Labor_Party" title="Australian Labor Party">Australian Labor Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Australia" title="Politics of Australia">federal politics</a>, Castlemaine is located in a single <a href="/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives" title="Australian House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> division – the <a href="/wiki/Division_of_Bendigo" title="Division of Bendigo">Division of Bendigo</a>. The Division of Bendigo has been an Australian Labor Party seat since 1998. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Hotel_Castlemaine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Imperial_Hotel_Castlemaine.jpg/220px-Imperial_Hotel_Castlemaine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Imperial_Hotel_Castlemaine.jpg/330px-Imperial_Hotel_Castlemaine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Imperial_Hotel_Castlemaine.jpg/440px-Imperial_Hotel_Castlemaine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4515" data-file-height="6998" /></a><figcaption>The 1861 Imperial Hotel Castlemaine</figcaption></figure> <p>Castlemaine's largest industry is in manufacturing, particularly food manufacturing. </p><p>The biggest employer is <a href="/wiki/George_Weston_Foods" title="George Weston Foods">KR Castlemaine</a> (formerly the Castlemaine Bacon Company, established 1905), producing smallgoods with over 900 employees.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cultural and heritage tourism is another large industry in Castlemaine, with the historic art gallery being a major drawcard. </p><p>Castlemaine has joined the likes of nearby Daylesford with gaining tourism from Melbourne, offering an array of local cafes and bars which have increased the region's appeal. </p><p>Castlemaine is also home to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine_Rod_Shop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castlemaine Rod Shop (page does not exist)">Castlemaine Rod Shop</a> (CRS), a company known Australia-wide for its aftermarket components for <a href="/wiki/Holden" title="Holden">Holden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Australia" title="Ford Australia">Ford</a> and many others, especially Australian-made vehicles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heritage">Heritage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Heritage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm.jpg/220px-PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm.jpg/330px-PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm.jpg/440px-PostOfficeCastlemaine_sm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1724" /></a><figcaption>Post Office, Castlemaine, built 1874</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MarketBuildingCastlemaine_sm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/MarketBuildingCastlemaine_sm.jpg/220px-MarketBuildingCastlemaine_sm.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/MarketBuildingCastlemaine_sm.jpg/330px-MarketBuildingCastlemaine_sm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/MarketBuildingCastlemaine_sm.jpg/440px-MarketBuildingCastlemaine_sm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1694" /></a><figcaption>Market Building, Castlemaine, built 1862</figcaption></figure> <p>The Castlemaine goldfields' legendary prosperity raised expectations of Castlemaine becoming Victoria's second city. That is reflected in imposing buildings erected in the town's first few years. Though the rich alluvial diggings were largely exhausted within 15–20 years causing the town's population to shrink after the 1870s, a rich legacy remains in the form of its buildings and intact nineteenth century streetscapes comprising public buildings as well as simple miners' cottages. The historic area tells the history of Castlemaine in relics of significance, including the former steam flourmill (now 'The Mill'), the Church of England, and the Congregational Church, and despite the town's topographical limitation to the valley of the two creeks, broad streets and grand buildings convey an atmosphere of spaciousness.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barker_Street">Barker Street</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Barker Street"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Named after William Barker, the pioneer pastoralist whose run included part of the land which is now Castlemaine. The whole eastern side of Barker Street, between Templeton Street and Lyttleton Street, has been classified by the <a href="/wiki/National_Trust_of_Australia_(Victoria)" title="National Trust of Australia (Victoria)">National Trust of Australia</a> (Vic). Adjacent to the solicitors' offices is the library, built in 1857 as a mechanics' institute with additions in 1861, 1872 and 1893. Next to it is the Faulder Watson Hall which opened in 1895 and adjacent is the old telegraph office (1857). </p><p>On the Lyttleton Street corner of Barker Street is the decorative <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neoclassical</a> post office (1873–75). It is in the form of an Italian palazzo with a central clock tower, five arched bays and strongly contrasting colouration. This structure replaced a wooden post office which was built on this same spot in 1859 when the service was transferred from the gold commissioner's camp. Over the road is the Cumberland Hotel (1884).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Town_hall">Town hall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Town hall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At 25 Lyttleton Street is the Castlemaine Town Hall, a design submitted by Wilkinson and Permewan successfully for a 1898 competition, and repeated by them in the Eaglehawk Town Hall in 1901. Constructed by H D McBean, builder of many substantial buildings in Castlemaine, including part of the hospital and Thompson's foundry, it cost £2,000. Essentially a Queen Anne building with elements of Dutch Renaissance, its complex eclecticism is typical of the period. Constructed of face red brick and coloured cement dressings (now painted white) and a tiled roof, it is pavilion-planned. Dutch-Flemish architecture inspires the gabling of the projecting wings, the verticality of the windows and the superimposed <a href="/wiki/Post_and_lintel" title="Post and lintel">post-and-lintel</a> system with <a href="/wiki/Tuscan_order" title="Tuscan order">Tuscan</a> and composite capitals, while the panelling and representation of fans to the side of the lower windows is unusual. Two storeys of pedimented porticos stacked in top of each other form the central element with a 'broken' upper pediment, while the vertical line is continues above a balconied parapet, completed by a square tower with glazed circular openings on all four sides, surmounted by an onion dome.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Imperial_Hotel">Imperial Hotel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Imperial Hotel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Opposite the town hall is the Imperial Hotel, a thirty-room, two-storey hotel with attic erected in 1861 for Faulder Watson<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at a cost of £4,000 and classified in 1982 by Heritage Victoria which describes it as "one of the most innovative classical revival buildings in Victoria".<sup id="cite_ref-:1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sophisticated design in <a href="/wiki/French_Renaissance_architecture" title="French Renaissance architecture">French Renaissance</a> style by leading Melbourne architects Purchas and Swyer (the Glenara homestead at <a href="/wiki/Bulla,_Victoria" title="Bulla, Victoria">Bulla</a> is also their work), is rare in a building of the early 1860s. The iron crested <a href="/wiki/Mansard_roof" title="Mansard roof">mansard</a> attic storey, elaborate detailing of both the corner chimneys, and pedimented dormer windows of the street and side elevations make the Imperial Hotel historically significant as one of the more distinctive hotel buildings in Victoria and a critical component in an important historic townscape.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art_gallery_and_museum">Art gallery and museum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Art gallery and museum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 17 November 1983 the <a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_Art_Museum" title="Castlemaine Art Museum">Castlemaine Art Museum</a> at 14 Lyttleton Street was classified by the <a href="/wiki/National_Trust_of_Australia" title="National Trust of Australia">National Trust</a> which notes its significance as "an exceptional building in its intent and execution and ... historically important as one of the earliest examples of the 'modern movement' in provincial Victoria".<sup id="cite_ref-:8_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the onset of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_Australia" title="Great Depression in Australia">Depression</a>, £3,250 was raised in only six weeks from private individuals and local companies, augmented by state government grants totallng £1,500, which together covered the total cost of £4,132.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Architect <a href="/wiki/Stephenson_and_Turner#Percy_Meldrum" title="Stephenson and Turner">Percy Meldrum</a>'s design in an American <a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art-deco</a> style<sup id="cite_ref-:3_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was constructed by local builder Frank Pollard<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in local brick, slate and granite, by April 1931 for the official opening, free of debt.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It consisted of a main gallery behind two smaller galleries and with the museum in the basement with storerooms. The gallery walls are naturally and indirectly lit from concealed windows of a <a href="/wiki/Saw-tooth_roof" title="Saw-tooth roof">saw-tooth roof</a> above suspended ceilings. A "jazz" style frieze decorates the parapet, front wall and tympanum over the central front door, itself recessed behind ornate wrought-iron grille gates above which is a <a href="/wiki/Relief" title="Relief">bas-relief</a> in <a href="/wiki/Artificial_stone" title="Artificial stone">artificial stone</a> by <a href="/wiki/Orlando_Dutton" title="Orlando Dutton">Orlando H. Dutton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Extensions were made at the rear in 1960, 1973, 1987 and 2000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Market_building">Market building</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Market building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Castlemaine Market building at 44 Mostyn Street, facing the main shopping strip, is a rare example of such buildings and, according to the Victorian National Trust, is one of the most important in the country. An 1861 design of town surveyor William Beynon Downes, it is one of the most distinctive classical revival buildings in Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was classified on 11 December 1958, then acquired by the National Trust in 1967 which restored it from a dilapidated condition. Its symmetrical elevation features a <a href="/wiki/Tuscan_order" title="Tuscan order">tuscan</a> portico, round headed entrance and roundels. The <a href="/wiki/Pediment" title="Pediment">pediment</a>, simply decorated with a rising sun motif, bears a statue of <a href="/wiki/Ceres_(mythology)" title="Ceres (mythology)">Ceres</a>, the goddess of agriculture, between two towers with cupola crowns. A <a href="/wiki/Clerestory" title="Clerestory">clerestory</a> lights the interior from above deep side wings which are 'arcaded' and capped by a cornice. A landmark in the historic townscape, exemplifying the period when the temporary town became permanently established, it now serves as the tourist centre. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parks_and_open_space">Parks and open space</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Parks and open space"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Castlemaine has its own <a href="/wiki/Botanical_garden" title="Botanical garden">botanical gardens</a>, established in 1860, which are on the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_Heritage_Register" title="Victorian Heritage Register">Victorian Heritage Register</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gardens feature Lake Joanna (an artificial lake), many exotic tree species and structures dating to the Victorian era. The Castlemaine public swimming pool is 50m in length and is located next to the botanical gardens. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_Diggings_National_Heritage_Park" title="Castlemaine Diggings National Heritage Park">Castlemaine Diggings National Heritage Park</a> is the first of its kind in Australia. It embraces gold rush relics and bushland. Home to rare and threatened species of both flora and fauna it offers opportunities for bush walking, bird watching, wildlife monitoring and study while providing a bush setting for the township.<sup id="cite_ref-PV_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PV-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Library">Library</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Library"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Housed in an historic building, the Mechanics Institute at 212 Barker Street in which it was established in 1857, the Castlemaine Library held 4,781 volumes in 1877,<sup id="cite_ref-:4_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and since 1996 has expanded its services and offerings and access to 222,931 items (in 2021–22) as part of the North Central Goldfields Regional Library Corporation which services also the City of Greater Bendigo, Loddon Shire and Macedon Ranges Shire; an area of 12,979 square kilometres.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The shire contributes a budget of around $500,000. The Castlemaine branch is the most subscribed of all the NCGRL branches with 53% (10,687) of the Mount Alexander Shire population holding a library card and having used the library over any two-year period.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building, administered and maintained by the shire, also houses the 231-seat Phee Broadway Theatre and a foyer exhibition space. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Castlemaine_State_Festival">Castlemaine State Festival</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Castlemaine State Festival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 1976, Castlemaine has biennially been the home of the Castlemaine State Festival. Running for ten days, the festival is one of Victoria's most notable regional arts events. It was originally held over the <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cup" title="Melbourne Cup">Melbourne Cup</a> period in November before it lost $130,000 in a clash in 1996 with the October <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_International_Arts_Festival" title="Melbourne International Arts Festival">Melbourne Festival</a> instituted by then state premier <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Kennett" title="Jeff Kennett">Jeff Kennett</a>. He compensated in part for its consequent losses with a grant of $41,800.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequently, it is now usually held in late March. It offers visual and performing arts and attracts internationally and nationally renowned performers, including the <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Melbourne Symphony Orchestra">Melbourne Symphony Orchestra</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_art_gallery">Public art gallery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Public art gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castlemaine_Art_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Castlemaine_Art_Museum.jpg/250px-Castlemaine_Art_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Castlemaine_Art_Museum.jpg/330px-Castlemaine_Art_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Castlemaine_Art_Museum.jpg/500px-Castlemaine_Art_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4531" data-file-height="2165" /></a><figcaption>Castlemaine Art Museum, built 1931</figcaption></figure><p>See <a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_Art_Museum" title="Castlemaine Art Museum">Castlemaine Art Museum</a> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theatre">Theatre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Theatre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RoyalCastlemaine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/RoyalCastlemaine.jpg/220px-RoyalCastlemaine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/RoyalCastlemaine.jpg/330px-RoyalCastlemaine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/RoyalCastlemaine.jpg/440px-RoyalCastlemaine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3533" data-file-height="2383" /></a><figcaption>Theatre Royal at night</figcaption></figure> <p>The Theatre Royal claims to be the oldest continuously operating theatre in mainland Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It hosts films (including several world and Australian premieres), concerts and functions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buda_Historic_Home_and_Garden">Buda Historic Home and Garden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Buda Historic Home and Garden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Budac1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Budac1920.jpg/220px-Budac1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Budac1920.jpg/330px-Budac1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Budac1920.jpg/440px-Budac1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1168" data-file-height="695" /></a><figcaption>Buda Historic Home and Garden in c.1920</figcaption></figure> <p>See <a href="/wiki/Buda_Castlemaine" class="mw-redirect" title="Buda Castlemaine">Buda Historic Home and Garden</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Community">Community</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Community"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Castlemaine_Farmers_Market">Castlemaine Farmers Market</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Castlemaine Farmers Market"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Castlemaine also hosts a local farmers market where the finest producers of the Mount Alexander Shire region, all in one place. The market is currently held on the Western Reserve, Forest Street, Castlemaine<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wesley_Hill_Community_Market">Wesley Hill Community Market</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Wesley Hill Community Market"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Wesley Hill Community Market operates every Saturday from 9a.m. to 2 p.m. It is located at 149 Pyrenees Highway, Castlemaine, and has over 70 stalls selling a range of merchandise, local products and farmers' products. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Mill">The Mill</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: The Mill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The old wooden mill beside Barkers Creek opposite the Botanical Gardens was at one stage a carpet factory </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Churches">Churches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a gold rush town, Castlemaine attracted migrants from all over the world. So in addition to 'established' churches such as the Anglicans, Presbyterians and Roman Catholics, arrivals in the district included Methodists, Baptists and Congregationalists from mining areas in provincial Britain where nonconformist churches were more popular, as well as Lutherans from continental Europe. Initially the churches in Victoria were unable to cope with huge numbers of migrants settling in areas which had been sparsely populated.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However a few proactive clergymen set out for the diggings where they were assisted by lay preachers amongst the diggers. Initially they preached in tents and from tree stumps but by 1853 the first rough churches had been built. </p><p>There was also a sizeable Chinese population with concomitant joss houses and temples; besides a few artifacts, no structures remain. </p><p>Churches to have operated in Castlemaine in order of establishment are: </p> <ul><li>Methodist. 1850s – 1977 when it merged as part of the Uniting Church of Australia</li> <li>Anglican. 1850s – present</li> <li>Roman Catholic. 1853–present</li> <li>Presbyterian. 1850s – 1977 and 1984 – 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Castlemaine congregation merged as part of the Uniting Church in 1977, but some members later broke away to re-establish that denomination in the town</li> <li>Baptist. 1861? – present</li> <li>Congregational. 1800s – 1977 when it merged as part of the Uniting Church</li> <li>Church of Christ. 1800s – present</li> <li>Lutheran. 1800s to present.</li> <li>Salvation Army. Late 1800s to present</li> <li>Seventh Day Adventist.</li> <li>Uniting Church. 1977–present. Absorbed the local Methodist, Presbyterian and Congregational churches, although some Presbyterians broke away in 1984 to re-establish a Presbyterian presence in the town</li> <li>Pentecostal: Grace Church, Liberty Christian Life Centre in Campbell Creek (affiliated with the Assemblies of God)</li></ul> <p>The Uniting Church was created in 1977 and the local Methodist, Presbyterian and Congregational congregations chose to join. Since the Presbyterians had the largest church building, the best hall and largest grounds, the merged denominations met there. The Methodist and Congregational buildings were sold, with the Adventists taking over the former Methodist church and a conservative group that wished to re-establish a distinct Presbyterian service moving into the former Congregational church building over the road from their original church. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a> is popular, with the <a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_Football_Club" title="Castlemaine Football Club">Castlemaine Football Club</a> competing in the <a href="/wiki/Bendigo_Football_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Bendigo Football League">Bendigo Football League</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-d_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On Wesley Hill, just out of Castlemaine, is the Castlemaine sporting complex, which hosts a range of sport including basketball, netball, badminton and cycling. Castlemaine <a href="/wiki/Tennis" title="Tennis">Tennis</a> Club on Wheeler Street next to Forest Creek features four <a href="/wiki/Plexipave" class="mw-redirect" title="Plexipave">plexipave</a> courts and eight further synthetic grass courts. Castlemaine has many cricket teams in the town itself and the surrounding area. It is also renowned for its mountain bike trails, with a reputedly world-class, newly developed multi trail walking and cycling facility on the slopes of Mount Alexander at nearly Harcourt. Two <a href="/wiki/Golf" title="Golf">golf</a> courses are available; at the Castlemaine Golf Club in the bordering <a href="/wiki/Muckleford,_Victoria" title="Muckleford, Victoria">Muckleford</a> region on Newstead Road,<sup id="cite_ref-golf_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-golf-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and at the course of the Mount Alexander Golf Club on Wimble Street.<sup id="cite_ref-golf2_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-golf2-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Castlemaine is also the self-proclaimed <a href="/wiki/Hot_Rod" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Rod">Hot Rod</a> centre of Australia,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with many small businesses catering to this popular form of motor sport at a national level. Examples of the cars can be seen on show days and rod runs throughout the year. There are plans for a permanent Hot Rod centre. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Run_the_Maine">Run the Maine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Run the Maine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Held annually in October, Run the Maine is a fun run event around the Castlemaine Botanical Gardens which raises funds for the local hospital – Castlemaine Health. Participants can choose to run 5.5 km, 11 km or a 14 km trail run. The 2020 event was run virtually, with runners uploading their times individually due to COVID-19.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Primary_schools">Primary schools</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Primary schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Castlemaine and its outlying areas have eight primary schools catering for prep to year 6 (and beyond for the two independent schools).<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From north to south they are: </p> <ul><li>Castlemaine North Primary School. (Usually known as North School.) No 2051. Opened 1878, successor to a state funded Wesleyan school operating since 1853</li> <li>St Mary's School. (Roman Catholic.) Opened 1854, current building completed 1962. Operated by Sisters of Mercy until 1984, the last nuns left in 1988.</li> <li>Castlemaine Primary School, (Usually known as South School.) No 119. Opened 1855, present main building completed 1875.</li> <li>Winters Flat Primary School. No 652. Opened 1860, current buildings opened 1964.</li> <li>Castlemaine Steiner School. (Independent.) Opened on current site as a school in 1996. previously a kindergarten on other sites from 1988.</li> <li>Chewton Primary School. No 1054. Opened 1870, present building completed 1911.</li> <li>Olivet Christian College, Campbell's Creek. (Independent.) Established 1979.</li> <li>Campbell's Creek Primary School. No 120. Opened 1853, present building completed 1878.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Secondary_schools">Secondary schools</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Secondary schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The town is served by <a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_Secondary_College" title="Castlemaine Secondary College">Castlemaine Secondary College</a> which was created in 1994 by combining the former Castlemaine High School (established 1910) and the Castlemaine Technical College (established in 1887 as the Castlemaine School of Mines). The Junior Campus of the Secondary College was at Milkmaids Flat at the northern end of the town on the old High School site, while the Senior Campus occupied the former Tech College site at Norwood Hill to the south of the town. These campuses have now merged at the former Junior Campus. The Norwood Hill site has been re-purposed as Autoplex Castlemaine (a project of Castlemaine Hot Rod Centre Limited) and as a business incubation project by Workspace Australia. </p> <ul><li>St Gabriel's College, a Roman Catholic secondary school operated between 1906 and 1974 on a site adjoining St Marys primary school.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Castlemaine Grammar School opened prior to 1865 and operated from a building in Hargraves St until 1910.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A large hospital and a geriatric care centre (Castlemaine Health, formerly Mount Alexander Hospital) is located on the northern edge of Castlemaine. The former Maldon Hospital is now home to older and frail residents in the Jessie Bowe Centre and Mountview Centre. </p><p>The Castlemaine District Community Health Centre provides a range of health services (including a Needle & Syringe Program) and there are several large medical general practices. Primary care options include dentists, opticians, physiotherapists, podiatrists, chiropractors, pathology and hearing services, plus a substantial number of complementary and alternative practitioners. </p><p>The Shire has three prisons – HMP Loddon and HMP Middleton for men are located on the eastern outskirts at Wesley Hill, and HMP Tarrengower (outside Maldon) for women. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CastlemaineStation.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/CastlemaineStation.JPG/220px-CastlemaineStation.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/CastlemaineStation.JPG/330px-CastlemaineStation.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/CastlemaineStation.JPG/440px-CastlemaineStation.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_railway_station" title="Castlemaine railway station">Castlemaine railway station</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Castlemaine is at the junction of several main roads including the <a href="/wiki/Pyrenees_Highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyrenees Highway">Pyrenees Highway</a> running west connecting it to <a href="/wiki/Maryborough,_Victoria" title="Maryborough, Victoria">Maryborough</a> and east toward <a href="/wiki/Elphinstone,_Victoria" title="Elphinstone, Victoria">Elphinstone</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Midland_Highway_(Victoria)" title="Midland Highway (Victoria)">Midland Highway</a> running north connecting it to <a href="/wiki/Bendigo" title="Bendigo">Bendigo</a> and south connecting it to <a href="/wiki/Daylesford,_Victoria" title="Daylesford, Victoria">Daylesford</a> and Maldon-Castlemaine Road, running north west toward <a href="/wiki/Maldon,_Victoria" title="Maldon, Victoria">Maldon</a>. </p><p>V/Line Rail services operate out of the <a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_railway_station" title="Castlemaine railway station">Castlemaine railway station</a> which is on the <a href="/wiki/Bendigo_railway_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Bendigo railway line">Bendigo railway line</a>. <a href="/wiki/V/Line" title="V/Line">V/Line</a> operates <a href="/wiki/V/Line_VLocity" title="V/Line VLocity">VLocity</a> services to Melbourne's <a href="/wiki/Southern_Cross_railway_station" title="Southern Cross railway station">Southern Cross station</a>, the fastest weekday express taking 65 minutes. Travel to Bendigo by train takes a minimum of 18 minutes. A V/Line Coach service between Castlemaine and Maryborough also operates out of Castlemaine railway station. The <a href="/wiki/Victorian_Goldfields_Railway" title="Victorian Goldfields Railway">Victorian Goldfields Railway</a> operates a tourist railway, running old steam and diesel engines from Maldon station to Castlemaine via Muckleford. </p><p>Castlemaine Bus Lines provides suburban bus services from Castlemaine railway station to <a href="/wiki/Chewton,_Victoria" title="Chewton, Victoria">Chewton</a>, Campbells Creek, and North Castlemaine as well as Intercity services to Maldon, Elphinstone, and Taradale. </p><p>The local taxi service is run by Castlemaine Taxis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The weekly <i><a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_Mail" title="Castlemaine Mail">Castlemaine Mail</a></i>, which began as the <i>Mount Alexander Mail</i> in 1854, became part of <i>The Midland Express group </i>in 1984 and is still produced.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><i> </i> </p><p>Community radio station <a href="/wiki/MainFM_94.9" title="MainFM 94.9">MainFM</a> broadcasts from the old Castlemaine Hospital and broadcasts on 94.9FM. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_residents">Notable residents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Notable residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CastlemaineHarryLawsonBust.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/CastlemaineHarryLawsonBust.JPG/150px-CastlemaineHarryLawsonBust.JPG" decoding="async" width="150" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/CastlemaineHarryLawsonBust.JPG/225px-CastlemaineHarryLawsonBust.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/CastlemaineHarryLawsonBust.JPG/300px-CastlemaineHarryLawsonBust.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2356" data-file-height="3305" /></a><figcaption>Bust of Harry Lawson, Premier of Victoria 1918–1923</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Andrew" title="David Andrew">David Andrew</a>, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bud_Annand" title="Bud Annand">Bud Annand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules footballer</a> with <a href="/wiki/St_Kilda_Football_Club" title="St Kilda Football Club">St Kilda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Arthur_(Australian_politician)" title="John Arthur (Australian politician)">John Arthur</a>, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Marian_Ellen_Bale" title="Alice Marian Ellen Bale">Alice Marian Ellen Bale</a>, artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Barassi" title="Ron Barassi">Ron Barassi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules footballer</a> from Guildford within the shire</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elsie_Barlow" title="Elsie Barlow">Elsie Barlow</a>, artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Barnes_(politician)" title="Walter Barnes (politician)">Walter Barnes</a>, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bennett_(headmaster)" title="William Bennett (headmaster)">William Bennett</a>, headmaster, teacher and teachers' representative</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Bogie" title="Les Bogie">Les Bogie</a>, Australian rules footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Mary_Winifred_Brotherton" title="Anna Mary Winifred Brotherton">Winnie Brotherton</a>, a founder of Castlemaine Art Museum, Red Cross volunteer, Girl Guide leader and botanical collector</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_O%27Hara_Burke" title="Robert O'Hara Burke">Robert O'Hara Burke</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/Burke_and_Wills_expedition" title="Burke and Wills expedition">Burke and Wills expedition</a>, stationed in Castlemaine as police superintendent from 1858 to 1859<sup id="cite_ref-phoenix_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phoenix-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Card" title="Mary Card">Mary Card</a>, crochet designer, born in Castlemaine</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Coldrey" title="Frederick Coldrey">Frederick Coldrey</a>, co-inventor with Alfred Fenton of the <a href="/wiki/Collodion_process" title="Collodion process">collodion</a> print on leather</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Edmond_Courtney" title="Richard Edmond Courtney">Richard Edmond Courtney</a>, army officer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robyn_Davidson" title="Robyn Davidson">Robyn Davidson</a>, adventurer and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Ebery" title="Bill Ebery">Bill Ebery</a>, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Henry_Embley" title="Edward Henry Embley">Edward Henry Embley</a>, doctor and anesthesia researcher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Fairburn" title="Mary Fairburn">Mary Fairburn</a>, musician and illustrator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Field_(brigadier)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Field (brigadier)">John Field</a>, brigadier</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Finning" title="Sean Finning">Sean Finning</a>, champion cyclist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gray_(Victorian_politician,_died_1925)" title="John Gray (Victorian politician, died 1925)">John Gray</a>, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Ginnivan" title="Jack Ginnivan">Jack Ginnivan</a>, Australian rules footballer for the Hawthorn Football Club</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hall_(politician)" title="Peter Hall (politician)">Peter Hall</a>, politician</li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Michael_Higgins_(businessman)" title="John Michael Higgins (businessman)">John Michael Higgins</a> (1862<span data-noir-inline-color="" data-noir-inline-caret-color="">–</span>1937), metallurgist, government adviser and company director, born at Eureka Reef, and remembered in the Higgins gallery at Castlemaine Art Museum</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Ingamells" title="Philip Ingamells">Philip Ingamells</a> (1947–2023), conservationist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Kailis" title="Patricia Kailis">Patricia Kailis</a> (1933–2020), geneticist, born in Castemaine</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kian_(musician)" title="Kian (musician)">KIAN</a>, singer and songwriter, who won Triple J's <a href="/wiki/Triple_J_Unearthed#Unearthed_High_(2008–_)" title="Triple J Unearthed">Unearthed High</a> in 2018</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Langslow" title="Walter Langslow">Walter Langslow</a>, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Laver" title="Frank Laver">Frank Laver</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_Test_cricketers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Australian Test cricketers">Test cricketer</a></li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Harry_Lawson_(politician)" title="Harry Lawson (politician)">Harry Lawson</a>, Premier of Victoria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buda_(house)" class="mw-redirect" title="Buda (house)">Ernest Leviny</a>, clock maker, gold/silver smith (1818–1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Lewis_(artist)" title="Martin Lewis (artist)">Martin Lewis</a>, artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Martin" title="Dustin Martin">Dustin Martin</a>, Australian rules footballer for Richmond and <a href="/wiki/Brownlow_Medal" title="Brownlow Medal">Brownlow Medallist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrix_Waring_McCay" title="Beatrix Waring McCay">Beatrix Waring McCay</a>, solicitor, barrister, magistrate</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_McEncroe" title="Frank McEncroe">Frank McEncroe</a>, creator of the <a href="/wiki/Chiko_Roll" title="Chiko Roll">Chiko Roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Miller_(writer)" title="Alex Miller (writer)">Alex Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miles_Franklin_Award" title="Miles Franklin Award">Miles Franklin Award</a>-winning author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alec_Morgan" title="Alec Morgan">Alec Morgan</a>, Australian rules footballer,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Newell" title="Lucy Newell">Lucy Newell</a>, artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Brien_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="James O'Brien (New Zealand politician)">James O'Brien</a>, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Oliver_(cricketer)" title="Ben Oliver (cricketer)">Ben Oliver</a>, cricketer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Oliver_(footballer)" title="Steven Oliver (footballer)">Steven Oliver</a>, former Carlton footballer and candidate in the 2010 Victorian state election</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Parkin" title="Roy Parkin">Roy Parkin</a>, Australian rules footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Parsons_(racing_driver,_born_1955)" title="David Parsons (racing driver, born 1955)">David Parsons</a>, racing driver</li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/James_Patterson_(Australian_politician)" title="James Patterson (Australian politician)">James Patterson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Victoria" title="Premier of Victoria">Premier of Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Peeler" title="Walter Peeler">Walter Peeler</a>, Victoria Cross recipient</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Pyke" title="Vincent Pyke">Vincent Pyke</a>, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reg_Pollard_(politician)" title="Reg Pollard (politician)">Reg Pollard</a>, politician</li> <li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Henry_Roberts" title="Stephen Henry Roberts">Stephen Henry Roberts</a>, historian and vice chancellor of the University of Sydney, attended Castlemaine High School</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Sabine" title="Margaret Sabine">Margaret Sabine</a>, virologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessie_Satchell" title="Jessie Satchell">Jessie Satchell</a>, politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Sheehan" title="Jim Sheehan">Jim Sheehan</a>, trade unionist and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_John_Sowden" title="William John Sowden">William John Sowden</a>, journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Sutton" title="Harvey Sutton">Harvey Sutton</a>, athlete and physician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ned_Sutton" title="Ned Sutton">Ned Sutton</a>, Australian rules footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Tate_(educator)" title="Frank Tate (educator)">Frank Tate</a>, Victoria's first director of education, a position he held for 26 years</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tait_(film_director)" title="Charles Tait (film director)">Charles Tait</a>, film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Joseph_Tait" title="Edward Joseph Tait">Edward Joseph Tait</a>, theatrical entrepreneur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevin_Tait" title="Nevin Tait">Nevin Tait</a>, concert promoter and film producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Titus" title="Jack Titus">Jack Titus</a>, AFL footballer for Richmond, AFL Hall of Famer and RFC club 'Immortal'</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Waller" title="Christian Waller">Christian Waller</a>, printmaker and stained glass artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Whaley_(actor)" title="George Whaley (actor)">George Whaley</a>, actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal_Williams" title="Mal Williams">Mal Williams</a>, Australian rules footballer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Australian version<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the Irish ballad "<a href="/wiki/The_Wild_Colonial_Boy" title="The Wild Colonial Boy">The Wild Colonial Boy</a>" refers to 1860s' Australian convict John Doolan,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was born in Castlemaine,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and who turned to <a href="/wiki/Bushranger" title="Bushranger">bushranging</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_XXXX" class="mw-redirect" title="Castlemaine XXXX">Castlemaine XXXX</a> beer and <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Castlemaine" title="HMAS Castlemaine">HMAS <i>Castlemaine</i></a> were named after the city. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation">Australian Broadcasting Corporation</a> TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Glitch_(Australian_TV_series)" title="Glitch (Australian TV series)">Glitch</a></i> was partially filmed in Castlemaine. The fictional town of Yoorana in which the series is set is located on the western side of (and effectively replaces) Castlemaine, per an onscreen map.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HM_Prison_Loddon" title="HM Prison Loddon">HM Prison Loddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box%E2%80%93ironbark_forest" title="Box–ironbark forest">Box–ironbark forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castlemaine_Art_Museum" title="Castlemaine Art Museum">Castlemaine Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buda_Castlemaine" class="mw-redirect" title="Buda Castlemaine">Buda Historic Home and Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Alexander_Shire" title="Mount Alexander Shire">Mount Alexander Shire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorian_gold_rush" title="Victorian gold rush">Victorian gold rush</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ABS-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ABS_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ABS_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAustralian_Bureau_of_Statistics2022" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Australian Bureau of Statistics">Australian Bureau of Statistics</a> (28 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/SAL20516">"Castlemaine"</a>. <i>2021 Census QuickStats</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2021+Census+QuickStats&rft.atitle=Castlemaine&rft.date=2022-06-28&rft.au=Australian+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abs.gov.au%2Fcensus%2Ffind-census-data%2Fquickstats%2F2021%2FSAL20516&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q260317#P4093" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Dictionary" title="Macquarie Dictionary">Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition</a></i> (2005). Melbourne, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-876429-14-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-876429-14-3">1-876429-14-3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theage.com.au/news/Victoria/Castlemaine/2005/02/17/1108500206304.html">"Castlemaine"</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a></i>, 15 September 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmithKerr2016" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Diana; Kerr, Racquel (2016). "Djaara tachylite: Resource and distribution on Dja Dja Wurrung Country". In Spry, Caroline; Foley, Elizabeth; Frankel, David; Lawrence, Susan (eds.). <i>Excavations, Surveys and Heritage Management in Victoria</i>. Vol. 5. Bundoora, Victoria: Archaeology Program, La Trobe University. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781326923549" title="Special:BookSources/9781326923549"><bdi>9781326923549</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Djaara+tachylite%3A+Resource+and+distribution+on+Dja+Dja+Wurrung+Country&rft.btitle=Excavations%2C+Surveys+and+Heritage+Management+in+Victoria&rft.place=Bundoora%2C+Victoria&rft.pub=Archaeology+Program%2C+La+Trobe+University&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781326923549&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.au=Kerr%2C+Racquel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFrankel2017" class="citation book cs1">Frankel, David (2017). <i>Between the Murray and the Sea: Aboriginal Archaeology in Southeastern Australia</i>. Sydney University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781743325537" title="Special:BookSources/9781743325537"><bdi>9781743325537</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Between+the+Murray+and+the+Sea%3A+Aboriginal+Archaeology+in+Southeastern+Australia.&rft.pub=Sydney+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781743325537&rft.aulast=Frankel&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://djadjawurrung.com.au/giyakiki-our-story/">"Giyakiki | Our Story – Djaara (Dja Dja Wurrung Clans Aboriginal Corporation)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Giyakiki+%7C+Our+Story+%E2%80%93+Djaara+%28Dja+Dja+Wurrung+Clans+Aboriginal+Corporation%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdjadjawurrung.com.au%2Fgiyakiki-our-story%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLawrenceDavies2019" class="citation book cs1">Lawrence, Susan; Davies, Peter (2019). <i>Sludge : disaster on Victoria's goldfield</i> (1st ed.). Carlton, Victoria: La Trobe University Press in conjunction with Black Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781760641108" title="Special:BookSources/9781760641108"><bdi>9781760641108</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1101283189">1101283189</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sludge+%3A+disaster+on+Victoria%27s+goldfield&rft.place=Carlton%2C+Victoria&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=La+Trobe+University+Press+in+conjunction+with+Black+Inc&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1101283189&rft.isbn=9781760641108&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.au=Davies%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHooper2022" class="citation journal cs1">Hooper, Marg (2022). 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Of historical significance as the earliest known continuously operating theatre in Victoria</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Theatre+Royal%2C+Castlemaine&rft.pub=Kanopy+Streaming&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F921959988&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2F921959988&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://castlemainefarmersmarket.org/">"Home - castlemainefarmersmarket.org"</a>. <i>castlemainefarmersmarket.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=castlemainefarmersmarket.org&rft.atitle=Home+-+castlemainefarmersmarket.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcastlemainefarmersmarket.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Serle, Geoffrey. <i>The golden age: a history of the colony of Victoria 1851 – 1861</i>. M.U.P., 1977. Chapter 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLamb2021" class="citation web cs1">Lamb, Eve (5 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://castlemainemail.com.au/featured-2/2021/08/06/the-heavenly-trio-sells-2/">"The heavenly trio sells"</a>. <i>Castlemaine Mail</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Castlemaine+Mail&rft.atitle=The+heavenly+trio+sells&rft.date=2021-08-05&rft.aulast=Lamb&rft.aufirst=Eve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcastlemainemail.com.au%2Ffeatured-2%2F2021%2F08%2F06%2Fthe-heavenly-trio-sells-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-d-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-d_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFull_Points_Footy" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-unfit">Full Points Footy, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110107082520/http://www.fullpointsfooty.net/castlemaine.htm"><i>Castlemaine</i></a>, archived from the original on 7 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Castlemaine&rft.au=Full+Points+Footy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fullpointsfooty.net%2FCastlemaine.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-golf-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-golf_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGolf_Select" class="citation cs2">Golf Select, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.golfselect.com.au/armchair/courseView.aspx?course_id=946"><i>Castlemaine</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Castlemaine&rft.au=Golf+Select&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.golfselect.com.au%2Farmchair%2FcourseView.aspx%3Fcourse_id%3D946&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-golf2-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-golf2_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGolf_Select" class="citation cs2">Golf Select, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.golfselect.com.au/armchair/courseView.aspx?course_id=967"><i>Mount Alexander</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mount+Alexander&rft.au=Golf+Select&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.golfselect.com.au%2Farmchair%2FcourseView.aspx%3Fcourse_id%3D967&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHalliday2000" class="citation news cs1">Halliday, Claire (16 July 2000). "The good lite guide to Castlemaine: Ahh, the joys of a picturesque country town - antiques, botanic gardens ... and hot rods". <i>The Age</i>. p. 112.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=The+good+lite+guide+to+Castlemaine%3A+Ahh%2C+the+joys+of+a+picturesque+country+town+-+antiques%2C+botanic+gardens+...+and+hot+rods.&rft.pages=112&rft.date=2000-07-16&rft.aulast=Halliday&rft.aufirst=Claire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLarkin1982" class="citation news cs1">Larkin, John (30 October 1982). "Coping in Castlemaine". <i>The Age</i>. p. 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=Coping+in+Castlemaine&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1982-10-30&rft.aulast=Larkin&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runthemaine.org/">"Home"</a>. <i>Run the Maine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Run+the+Maine&rft.atitle=Home&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frunthemaine.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Principal source is R. P. Desmond. <i>A history of the Old Castlemaine Schoolboys Association 1912 – 1990</i>. n.p. n.d.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131207172600/http://stmaryscastlemaine.com/school.html">"St Mary's Catholic Parish"</a>. <i>stmaryscastlemaine.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stmaryscastlemaine.com/school.html">the original</a> on 7 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=stmaryscastlemaine.com&rft.atitle=St+Mary%27s+Catholic+Parish&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstmaryscastlemaine.com%2Fschool.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/version/45295594">"Midland express"</a>. <i>Trove</i>. 1989<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Trove&rft.atitle=Midland+express&rft.date=1989&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fversion%2F45295594&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-phoenix-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-phoenix_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPhoenix2011" class="citation book cs1">Phoenix, Dave (2011). <i>Following Burke and Wills across Victoria : a touring guide</i>. Phoenix. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-646-56419-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-646-56419-7"><bdi>978-0-646-56419-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Following+Burke+and+Wills+across+Victoria+%3A+a+touring+guide&rft.pub=Phoenix&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-646-56419-7&rft.aulast=Phoenix&rft.aufirst=Dave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEdwards1972" class="citation book cs1">Edwards, Ron (1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/242254387"><i>Australian folk songs; [211 folk songs and recitations</i></a>. Holloways Beach, Queensland: Rams Skull Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-909901-07-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-909901-07-3"><bdi>978-0-909901-07-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/242254387">242254387</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Australian+folk+songs%3B+%5B211+folk+songs+and+recitations&rft.place=Holloways+Beach%2C+Queensland&rft.pub=Rams+Skull+Press&rft.date=1972&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F242254387&rft.isbn=978-0-909901-07-3&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F242254387&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMawerMunns2016" class="citation book cs1">Mawer, G. A; Munns, Joy (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/966426597"><i>The wild colonial boys: Jack Doolan and his song</i></a>. Arcadia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-925333-93-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-925333-93-0"><bdi>978-1-925333-93-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/966426597">966426597</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+wild+colonial+boys%3A+Jack+Doolan+and+his+song&rft.pub=Arcadia&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F966426597&rft.isbn=978-1-925333-93-0&rft.aulast=Mawer&rft.aufirst=G.+A&rft.au=Munns%2C+Joy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F966426597&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWright2004" class="citation journal cs1">Wright, Tony (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/7128423229">"Wild about the boy: [The truth behind the folk song The Wild Colonial Boy"</a>. <i>Bulletin (Sydney)</i>. <b>25</b> (25 May 2004): <span class="nowrap">46–</span>47. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7128423229">7128423229</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+%28Sydney%29&rft.atitle=Wild+about+the+boy%3A+%5BThe+truth+behind+the+folk+song+The+Wild+Colonial+Boy&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=25+May+2004&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E46-%3C%2Fspan%3E47&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7128423229&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F7128423229&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMawer" class="citation cs2">Mawer, Granville Allen, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/doolan-john-12889">"Doolan, John (1856–?)"</a>, <i>Australian Dictionary of Biography</i>, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Dictionary+of+Biography&rft.atitle=Doolan%2C+John+%281856%E2%80%93%3F%29&rft.aulast=Mawer&rft.aufirst=Granville+Allen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadb.anu.edu.au%2Fbiography%2Fdoolan-john-12889&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACastlemaine%2C+Victoria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castlemaine,_Victoria&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Castlemaine,_Victoria" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Castlemaine, Victoria">Castlemaine, Victoria</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Castlemaine#Q260317" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Castlemaine">Castlemaine</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maldoncastlemaine.com.au/">Castlemaine Maldon: Visitor Information</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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Mount Alexander Shire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Towns_in_Mount_Alexander_Shire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Towns in Mount Alexander Shire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Localities_in_the_Mount_Alexander_Shire142" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Localities in the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Alexander_Shire" title="Mount Alexander Shire">Mount Alexander Shire</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Town</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campbells_Creek,_Victoria" title="Campbells Creek, Victoria">Campbells Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carisbrook,_Victoria" title="Carisbrook, Victoria">Carisbrook</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Castlemaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chewton,_Victoria" title="Chewton, Victoria">Chewton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elphinstone,_Victoria" title="Elphinstone, Victoria">Elphinstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fryerstown,_Victoria" title="Fryerstown, Victoria">Fryerstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guildford,_Victoria" title="Guildford, Victoria">Guildford</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harcourt,_Victoria" title="Harcourt, Victoria">Harcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockwood_South,_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Lockwood South, Victoria">Lockwood South</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldon,_Victoria" title="Maldon, Victoria">Maldon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malmsbury,_Victoria" title="Malmsbury, Victoria">Malmsbury</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newstead,_Victoria" title="Newstead, Victoria">Newstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravenswood,_Victoria" title="Ravenswood, Victoria">Ravenswood</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redesdale,_Victoria" title="Redesdale, Victoria">Redesdale</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taradale,_Victoria" title="Taradale, Victoria">Taradale</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yapeen,_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Yapeen, Victoria">Yapeen</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg/80px-Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg/120px-Australia_Victoria_Mount_Alexander_Shire_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="/wiki/Chewton_Bushlands" title="Chewton Bushlands">Chewton Bushlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drummond_North,_Victoria" title="Drummond North, Victoria">Drummond North</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastville,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastville, Victoria (page does not exist)">Eastville</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddington,_Victoria" title="Eddington, Victoria">Eddington</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faraday,_Victoria" title="Faraday, Victoria">Faraday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklinford" title="Franklinford">Franklinford</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenluce,_Victoria" title="Glenluce, Victoria">Glenluce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Point,_Shire_of_Mount_Alexander" title="Golden Point, Shire of Mount Alexander">Golden Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gower,_Victoria" title="Gower, Victoria">Gower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Gully,_Victoria" title="Green Gully, Victoria">Green Gully</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenhill,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenhill, Victoria (page does not exist)">Greenhill</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harcourt_North" title="Harcourt North">Harcourt North</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irishtown,_Victoria" title="Irishtown, Victoria">Irishtown</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joyces_Creek,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joyces Creek, Victoria (page does not exist)">Joyces Creek</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langley,_Victoria" title="Langley, Victoria">Langley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=McKenzie_Hill,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McKenzie Hill, Victoria (page does not exist)">McKenzie Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metcalfe,_Victoria" title="Metcalfe, Victoria">Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metcalfe_East,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metcalfe East, Victoria (page does not exist)">Metcalfe East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moolort,_Victoria" title="Moolort, Victoria">Moolort</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moonlight_Flat,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moonlight Flat, Victoria (page does not exist)">Moonlight Flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muckleford,_Victoria" title="Muckleford, Victoria">Muckleford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muckleford_South" title="Muckleford South">Muckleford South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrtle_Creek,_Victoria" title="Myrtle Creek, Victoria">Myrtle Creek</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neereman,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neereman, Victoria (page does not exist)">Neereman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuggetty,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuggetty, Victoria (page does not exist)">Nuggetty</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ravenswood_South,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ravenswood South, Victoria (page does not exist)">Ravenswood South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandon,_Victoria" title="Sandon, Victoria">Sandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelbourne,_Victoria" title="Shelbourne, Victoria">Shelbourne</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strangways,_Victoria" title="Strangways, Victoria">Strangways</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strathlea,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strathlea, Victoria (page does not exist)">Strathlea</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton_Grange,_Victoria" title="Sutton Grange, Victoria">Sutton Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarilta,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tarilta, Victoria (page does not exist)">Tarilta</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarrengower,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tarrengower, Victoria (page does not exist)">Tarrengower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaughan,_Victoria" title="Vaughan, Victoria">Vaughan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walmer,_Victoria" title="Walmer, Victoria">Walmer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Welshmans_Reef,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Welshmans Reef, Victoria (page does not exist)">Welshmans Reef</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Werona,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werona, Victoria (page does not exist)">Werona</a><b>^</b></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yandoit_Hills,_Victoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yandoit Hills, Victoria (page does not exist)">Yandoit Hills</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b>^</b> - <i>Territory divided with another <a href="/wiki/Local_government_areas_of_Victoria" title="Local government areas of Victoria">LGA</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_of_Australia219" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_of_Australia" title="Template:Cities of Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities_of_Australia" title="Template talk:Cities of Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_of_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities of Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_of_Australia219" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Australia" title="List of cities in Australia">Cities of Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Australian Capital Territory">Australian Capital Territory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a></b> <i>(national capital)</i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albury" title="Albury">Albury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armidale" title="Armidale">Armidale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathurst,_New_South_Wales" title="Bathurst, New South Wales">Bathurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broken_Hill" title="Broken Hill">Broken Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cessnock,_New_South_Wales" title="Cessnock, New South Wales">Cessnock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffs_Harbour" title="Coffs Harbour">Coffs Harbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubbo" title="Dubbo">Dubbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosford" title="Gosford">Gosford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulburn" title="Goulburn">Goulburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafton,_New_South_Wales" title="Grafton, New South Wales">Grafton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffith,_New_South_Wales" title="Griffith, New South Wales">Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Lake_Macquarie" title="City of Lake Macquarie">Lake Macquarie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lismore,_New_South_Wales" title="Lismore, New South Wales">Lismore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithgow,_New_South_Wales" title="Lithgow, New South Wales">Lithgow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitland,_New_South_Wales" title="Maitland, New South Wales">Maitland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcastle,_New_South_Wales" title="Newcastle, New South Wales">Newcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange,_New_South_Wales" title="Orange, New South Wales">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Macquarie" title="Port Macquarie">Port Macquarie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queanbeyan" title="Queanbeyan">Queanbeyan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamworth,_New_South_Wales" title="Tamworth, New South Wales">Tamworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagga_Wagga" title="Wagga Wagga">Wagga Wagga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wollongong" title="Wollongong">Wollongong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Territory" title="Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Darwin,_Northern_Territory" title="Darwin, Northern Territory">Darwin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmerston,_Northern_Territory" title="Palmerston, Northern Territory">Palmerston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundaberg" title="Bundaberg">Bundaberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairns" title="Cairns">Cairns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caloundra" title="Caloundra">Caloundra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladstone,_Queensland" title="Gladstone, Queensland">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a 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title="Bendigo">Bendigo</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Castlemaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colac,_Victoria" title="Colac, Victoria">Colac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geelong" title="Geelong">Geelong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Victoria" title="Hamilton, Victoria">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horsham,_Victoria" title="Horsham, Victoria">Horsham</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildura" title="Mildura">Mildura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moe,_Victoria" title="Moe, Victoria">Moe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morwell,_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Morwell, Victoria">Morwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland,_Victoria" title="Portland, Victoria">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sale,_Victoria" title="Sale, Victoria">Sale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour,_Victoria" title="Seymour, Victoria">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepparton" 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