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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Кіру</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Басқа баптаулар" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Жеке құралдар" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Жеке құралдар</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Қатысушы мәзірі" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_kk.wikipedia.org&uselang=kk"><span>Демеу беру</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D0%96%D0%B0%D2%A3%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96&returnto=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7" title="Біз сізге есептік жазба бастауды және кіруді ұсынамыз,ол міндетті емес."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Тіркелу</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D2%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%83%D1%88%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D1%96&returnto=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7" title="Кіруіңізді ұсынамыз, ол міндетті емес. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Кіру</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Шыққан өңдеушілерге арналған беттер <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%83" aria-label="Өңдеу туралы көбірек білу"><span>көбірек білу</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BC" title="Бұл IP мекенжаймен жасаған өңдемелер тізімі [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Үлесім</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Бұл IP мекенжай өңдемелерін 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class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Мазмұны" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Мазмұны</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">бүйірлік тақтаға жылжыту</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">жасыру</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Кіріспе</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Аяз_геодезияда" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Аяз_геодезияда"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Аяз геодезияда</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Аяз_геодезияда-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Аяз геодезияда суббөлімін көрсету/жасыру</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Аяз_геодезияда-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Аяз_ұрған_жарықтар" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Аяз_ұрған_жарықтар"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Аяз ұрған жарықтар</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Аяз_ұрған_жарықтар-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Аязға_төзімділік" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Аязға_төзімділік"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Аязға төзімділік</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Аязға_төзімділік-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Аяздық_үгілу" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Аяздық_үгілу"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Аяздық үгілу</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Аяздық_үгілу-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Аязсыз_кезең" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Аязсыз_кезең"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Аязсыз кезең</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Аязсыз_кезең-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Галерея" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Галерея"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Галерея</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Галерея-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Дереккөздер" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Дереккөздер"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Дереккөздер</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Дереккөздер-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Мазмұны" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Мазмұнды көрсету/жасыру" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Мазмұнды көрсету/жасыру</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Аяз</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Басқа тілдегі мақалаға өту. 34 тілде қолжетімді" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 тіл</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juyphi" title="Juyphi – аймара тілі" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Juyphi" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="аймара тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eaxta" title="Şaxta – әзірбайжан тілі" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şaxta" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="әзірбайжан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="شاختا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شاختا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gfrea" title="Gfrea – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Gfrea" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speigs" title="Speigs – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Speigs" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Мароз – беларусь тілі" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мароз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларусь тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr%C3%A1z" title="Mráz – чех тілі" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mráz" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чех тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frost" title="Frost – неміс тілі" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Frost" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="неміс тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freezing_air_temperature" title="Freezing air temperature – ағылшын тілі" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Freezing air temperature" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ағылшын тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frosto" title="Frosto – эсперанто тілі" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Frosto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congelamiento_(meteorolog%C3%ADa)" title="Congelamiento (meteorología) – испан тілі" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Congelamiento (meteorología)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испан тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BClm" title="Külm – эстон тілі" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Külm" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстон тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakkanen" title="Pakkanen – фин тілі" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pakkanen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel_(ph%C3%A9nom%C3%A8ne_m%C3%A9t%C3%A9orologique)" title="Gel (phénomène météorologique) – француз тілі" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gel (phénomène météorologique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Froast" title="Froast – батыс фриз тілі" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Froast" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="батыс фриз тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frosto" title="Frosto – идо тілі" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Frosto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frost" title="Frost – исланд тілі" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Frost" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelo" title="Gelo – итальян тілі" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gelo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальян тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speigas" title="Speigas – литва тілі" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Speigas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литва тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sals" title="Sals – латыш тілі" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sals" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латыш тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanala" title="Fanala – малагаси тілі" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fanala" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагаси тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D3%B1%D1%88%D1%82%D3%A7" title="Йӱштӧ – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Йӱштӧ" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorst_(weer)" title="Vorst (weer) – нидерланд тілі" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vorst (weer)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерланд тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr%C3%B3z" title="Mróz – поляк тілі" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mróz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="поляк тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasa" title="Qasa – кечуа тілі" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qasa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Enghe%C8%9B" title="Îngheț – румын тілі" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Îngheț" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румын тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B%D2%A5" title="Хаһыҥ – саха тілі" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хаһыҥ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelu" title="Jelu – сицилия тілі" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Jelu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилия тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mraz_(temperatura)" title="Mraz (temperatura) – серб-хорват тілі" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mraz (temperatura)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="серб-хорват тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalidi" title="Jalidi – суахили тілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Jalidi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87igrek" title="Çigrek – түрікмен тілі" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Çigrek" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="түрікмен тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7_(%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Мороз (температура) – украин тілі" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мороз (температура)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украин тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%83ng_gi%C3%A1_(nhi%E1%BB%87t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99)" title="Băng giá (nhiệt độ) – вьетнам тілі" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Băng giá (nhiệt độ)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнам тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9C%9C%E5%87%8D" title="霜凍 – қытай тілі" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="霜凍" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="қытай тілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1135221#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Тіларалық сілтемелерді өңдеу" class="wbc-editpage">Сілтемелерді өңдеу</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ат кеңістіктері"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Басқа жобаларда </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Freezing" hreflang="en"><span>Ортаққор</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1135221" title="Сілтеме дерек қойма данасымен байланысқан [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Уикидерек элементі</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Көрініс"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Көрініс</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">бүйірлік тақтаға жылжыту</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">жасыру</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Уикипедия — ашық энциклопедиясынан алынған мәлімет</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="kk" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Main_hall_ICEHOTEL_Sweden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Main_hall_ICEHOTEL_Sweden.jpg/220px-Main_hall_ICEHOTEL_Sweden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Main_hall_ICEHOTEL_Sweden.jpg/330px-Main_hall_ICEHOTEL_Sweden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Main_hall_ICEHOTEL_Sweden.jpg/440px-Main_hall_ICEHOTEL_Sweden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Аяз_геодезияда"><span id=".D0.90.D1.8F.D0.B7_.D0.B3.D0.B5.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.B4.D0.B0"></span>Аяз геодезияда</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Бөлімді өңдеу: Аяз геодезияда" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>өңдеу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7&action=edit&section=1" title="Бөлімнің қайнар кодын өңдеу: Аяз геодезияда"><span>қайнарын өңдеу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Аяз_ұрған_жарықтар"><span id=".D0.90.D1.8F.D0.B7_.D2.B1.D1.80.D2.93.D0.B0.D0.BD_.D0.B6.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.8B.D2.9B.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80"></span>Аяз ұрған жарықтар</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Бөлімді өңдеу: Аяз ұрған жарықтар" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>өңдеу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7&action=edit&section=2" title="Бөлімнің қайнар кодын өңдеу: Аяз ұрған жарықтар"><span>қайнарын өңдеу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Үскірік аяз кезінде топырақтар мен борпылдақ тау жыныстарының сығылуынан пайда болған жарықтар. 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Осыған байланысты Аязсыз кезеңнің ауыл шаруашылығы дақылдарын іріктеп, әр жерде өсірудің мүмкіндігін анықтауда үлкен маңызы бар буыны. Дүние жүзінің көптеген елдеріндегі (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Албания">Албания</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE-%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кабо-Верд (мұндай бет жоқ)">Кабо-Верд</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Барбадос">Барбадос</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%8F-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Гвинея-Бисау">Гвинея-Бисау</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%A4%D0%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="ГФР">ГФР</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Румыния">Румыния</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Чехия">Чехия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Словакия">Словакия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мавритания">Мавритания</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Нигерия">Нигерия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Индонезия">Индонезия</a> және тағы да басқалары) әкімшілік-аумақтық бірлік. 2006 жылдың 1 қаңтарында Қазақстанда әкімшілік аудандар саны 160 болды.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Галерея"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D1.8F"></span>Галерея</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Бөлімді өңдеу: Галерея" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>өңдеу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7&action=edit&section=6" title="Бөлімнің қайнар кодын өңдеу: Галерея"><span>қайнарын өңдеу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 892px;"> <li class="gallerycaption">Frost</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Frost_on_a_nettle,_Netherlands.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frost on a nettle"><img alt="Frost on a nettle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Frost_on_a_nettle%2C_Netherlands.jpg/90px-Frost_on_a_nettle%2C_Netherlands.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Frost_on_a_nettle%2C_Netherlands.jpg/135px-Frost_on_a_nettle%2C_Netherlands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Frost_on_a_nettle%2C_Netherlands.jpg/180px-Frost_on_a_nettle%2C_Netherlands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><center>Frost on a nettle</center></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Frost.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rime frost"><img alt="Rime frost" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Frost.jpg/160px-Frost.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Frost.jpg/240px-Frost.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Frost.jpg/320px-Frost.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><center>Rime frost</center></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Saskatoon-Frost.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Large feathery crystals"><img alt="Large feathery crystals" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Saskatoon-Frost.jpg/90px-Saskatoon-Frost.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Saskatoon-Frost.jpg/135px-Saskatoon-Frost.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Saskatoon-Frost.jpg/180px-Saskatoon-Frost.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2748" data-file-height="3664" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><center>Large feathery crystals</center></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Frost_on_plants_in_People%27s_park.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frosted plants in Peoples' park on Nov 29 2010"><img alt="Frosted plants in Peoples' park on Nov 29 2010" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Frost_on_plants_in_People%27s_park.jpg/179px-Frost_on_plants_in_People%27s_park.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Frost_on_plants_in_People%27s_park.jpg/268px-Frost_on_plants_in_People%27s_park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Frost_on_plants_in_People%27s_park.jpg/358px-Frost_on_plants_in_People%27s_park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1764" data-file-height="1184" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><center>Frosted plants in Peoples' park on Nov 29 2010</center></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Winter_forest_in_%C5%81u%C5%BCna.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frost on branches"><img alt="Frost on branches" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Winter_forest_in_%C5%81u%C5%BCna.jpg/160px-Winter_forest_in_%C5%81u%C5%BCna.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Winter_forest_in_%C5%81u%C5%BCna.jpg/240px-Winter_forest_in_%C5%81u%C5%BCna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Winter_forest_in_%C5%81u%C5%BCna.jpg/320px-Winter_forest_in_%C5%81u%C5%BCna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><center>Frost on branches</center></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Fern_Frost.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Fern Frost on a Window"><img alt="Fern Frost on a Window" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Fern_Frost.JPG/180px-Fern_Frost.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Fern_Frost.JPG/270px-Fern_Frost.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Fern_Frost.JPG/360px-Fern_Frost.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><center>Fern Frost on a Window</center></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Saint-Amant_16_Gel%C3%A9e_blanche_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frost melting while the sun rises"><img alt="Frost melting while the sun rises" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Saint-Amant_16_Gel%C3%A9e_blanche_2008.jpg/180px-Saint-Amant_16_Gel%C3%A9e_blanche_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Saint-Amant_16_Gel%C3%A9e_blanche_2008.jpg/270px-Saint-Amant_16_Gel%C3%A9e_blanche_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Saint-Amant_16_Gel%C3%A9e_blanche_2008.jpg/360px-Saint-Amant_16_Gel%C3%A9e_blanche_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3325" data-file-height="2216" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><center>Frost melting while the sun rises</center></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Дереккөздер"><span id=".D0.94.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.BA.D3.A9.D0.B7.D0.B4.D0.B5.D1.80"></span>Дереккөздер</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Бөлімді өңдеу: Дереккөздер" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>өңдеу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7&action=edit&section=7" title="Бөлімнің қайнар кодын өңдеу: Дереккөздер"><span>қайнарын өңдеу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Қазақ тілі терминдерінің салалық ғылыми түсіндірме сөздігі: География және геодезия. — Алматы: «Мектеп» баспасы, 2007 жыл. — 264 бет. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B:%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/9965363676" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9965-36-367-6</a></span> </li> </ol> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/40px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/60px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/80px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Бұл мақаланы Уикипедия <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%96%D2%A3_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B3%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%96" title="Уикипедия:Уикидің негізгі синтаксисі">сапа талаптарына</a> лайықты болуы үшін <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83" title="Уикипедия:Уикилендіру">уикилендіру</a> қажет.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Crystal_Clear_app_kview.png/40px-Crystal_Clear_app_kview.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Crystal_Clear_app_kview.png/60px-Crystal_Clear_app_kview.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Crystal_Clear_app_kview.png/80px-Crystal_Clear_app_kview.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Бұл мақалада еш сурет жоқ</b>. <p><small>Мақаланы <a class="external text" href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7&action=edit">жетілдіру</a> үшін қажетті суретті енгізіп көмек беріңіз. Суретті қосқаннан кейін бұл үлгіні мақаладан аластаңыз.<br />Суретті мыннан табуға болады: </small></p><small> </small><ul><small><li>осы мақаланың тақырыбына байланысты сурет <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82" class="extiw" title="commons:Басты бет">Ортақ қорда</a> табылуы мүмкін;</li> <li>мақаланың өзге тіл уикилеріндегі нұсқаларын қарап көріңіз;</li> </small><li><small><b>өзіңіз жасаған</b> суретті <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%96%D2%AF%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%83" title="Уикипедия:Жүктеу">жүктеңіз</a> (авторлық құқықпен қорғалған сурет қоспаңыз!).</small><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></li></ul></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table style="background:none; color:inherit; text-align:left; padding: 2px 0" class="metadata"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:4px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Мақала бастамасы"><img alt="Мақала бастамасы" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> </td> <td><i><span style="white-space:nowrap">Бұл — мақаланың <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Уикипедия:Мақалаға бастама">бастамасы</a>.</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><br />Бұл мақаланы <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%B7&action=edit">толықтырып, дамыту</a></span> арқылы, Уикипедияға <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D3%A9%D2%A3%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%83_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Уикипедия:Мақаланы қалай өңдеу керек">көмектесе</a> аласыз.</span></i><br /><small>Бұл ескертуді <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82:%D2%AE%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80:%D0%90%D1%8F%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Санат:Үлгілер:Аяқталмаған мақалалар">дәлдеп</a> ауыстыру қажет.</small> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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