CINXE.COM

March 2023 – CORE

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-GB" class="no-js"> <head><style>img.lazy{min-height:1px}</style><link rel="preload" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/plugins/w3-total-cache/pub/js/lazyload.min.js" as="script"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/xmlrpc.php"> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/themes/twentyfifteen/js/html5.js"></script> <![endif]--> <script>(function(html){html.className = html.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/,'js')})(document.documentElement);</script> <title>March 2023 &#8211; CORE</title> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//secure.gravatar.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//v0.wordpress.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//c0.wp.com' /> <link href='https://fonts.gstatic.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CORE &raquo; Feed" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CORE &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/comments/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/blog.core.ac.uk\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='twentyfifteen-jetpack-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/p/jetpack/11.9.3/modules/theme-tools/compat/twentyfifteen.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/c/6.7.1/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-inline-css' type='text/css'> .has-text-align-justify{text-align:justify;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/c/6.7.1/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/c/6.7.1/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/cache/minify/3de15.css" media="all" /> <style id='ez-toc-inline-css' type='text/css'> div#ez-toc-container p.ez-toc-title {font-size: 120%;}div#ez-toc-container p.ez-toc-title {font-weight: 500;}div#ez-toc-container ul li {font-size: 95%;}div#ez-toc-container nav ul ul li ul li {font-size: %!important;} .ez-toc-container-direction {direction: ltr;}.ez-toc-counter ul {direction: ltr;counter-reset: item;}.ez-toc-counter nav ul li a::before {content: counter(item, numeric) ". ";margin-right: .2em; counter-increment: item;flex-grow: 0;flex-shrink: 0;float: left; }.ez-toc-widget-direction {direction: ltr;}.ez-toc-widget-container ul {direction: ltr;counter-reset: item;}.ez-toc-widget-container nav ul li a::before {content: counter(item, numeric) ". ";margin-right: .2em; counter-increment: item;flex-grow: 0;flex-shrink: 0;float: left; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='twentyfifteen-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans%3A400italic%2C700italic%2C400%2C700%7CNoto+Serif%3A400italic%2C700italic%2C400%2C700%7CInconsolata%3A400%2C700&#038;subset=latin%2Clatin-ext' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='genericons-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/p/jetpack/11.9.3/_inc/genericons/genericons/genericons.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/cache/minify/b09a7.css" media="all" /> <style id='twentyfifteen-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> /* Custom Sidebar Text Color */ .site-title a, .site-description, .secondary-toggle:before { color: #b75400; } .site-title a:hover, .site-title a:focus { color: #b75400; /* Fallback for IE7 and IE8 */ color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.7); } .secondary-toggle { border-color: #b75400; /* Fallback for IE7 and IE8 */ border-color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.1); } .secondary-toggle:hover, .secondary-toggle:focus { border-color: #b75400; /* Fallback for IE7 and IE8 */ border-color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.3); } .site-title a { outline-color: #b75400; /* Fallback for IE7 and IE8 */ outline-color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.3); } @media screen and (min-width: 59.6875em) { .secondary a, .dropdown-toggle:after, .widget-title, .widget blockquote cite, .widget blockquote small { color: #b75400; } .widget button, .widget input[type="button"], .widget input[type="reset"], .widget input[type="submit"], .widget_calendar tbody a { background-color: #b75400; } .textwidget a { border-color: #b75400; } .secondary a:hover, .secondary a:focus, .main-navigation .menu-item-description, .widget, .widget blockquote, .widget .wp-caption-text, .widget .gallery-caption { color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.7); } .widget button:hover, .widget button:focus, .widget input[type="button"]:hover, .widget input[type="button"]:focus, .widget input[type="reset"]:hover, .widget input[type="reset"]:focus, .widget input[type="submit"]:hover, .widget input[type="submit"]:focus, .widget_calendar tbody a:hover, .widget_calendar tbody a:focus { background-color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.7); } .widget blockquote { border-color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.7); } .main-navigation ul, .main-navigation li, .secondary-toggle, .widget input, .widget textarea, .widget table, .widget th, .widget td, .widget pre, .widget li, .widget_categories .children, .widget_nav_menu .sub-menu, .widget_pages .children, .widget abbr[title] { border-color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.1); } .dropdown-toggle:hover, .dropdown-toggle:focus, .widget hr { background-color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.1); } .widget input:focus, .widget textarea:focus { border-color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.3); } .sidebar a:focus, .dropdown-toggle:focus { outline-color: rgba( 183, 84, 0, 0.3); } } </style> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <link rel='stylesheet' id='twentyfifteen-ie-css' href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/themes/twentyfifteen/css/ie.css?ver=20141010' type='text/css' media='all' /> <![endif]--> <!--[if lt IE 8]> <link rel='stylesheet' id='twentyfifteen-ie7-css' href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/themes/twentyfifteen/css/ie7.css?ver=20141010' type='text/css' media='all' /> <![endif]--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/cache/minify/1881d.css" media="all" /> <style id='ecae-frontend-inline-css' type='text/css'> .ecae-button { display: inline-block !important; } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/cache/minify/9210e.css" media="all" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='jetpack_css-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/p/jetpack/11.9.3/css/jetpack.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.7.1/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.7.1/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="ez-toc-scroll-scriptjs-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ jQuery(document).ready(function(){document.querySelectorAll(".ez-toc-section").forEach(t=>{t.setAttribute("ez-toc-data-id","#"+decodeURI(t.getAttribute("id")))}),jQuery("a.ez-toc-link").click(function(){let t=jQuery(this).attr("href"),e=jQuery("#wpadminbar"),i=0;30>30&&(i=30),e.length&&(i+=e.height()),jQuery('[ez-toc-data-id="'+decodeURI(t)+'"]').length>0&&(i=jQuery('[ez-toc-data-id="'+decodeURI(t)+'"]').offset().top-i),jQuery("html, body").animate({scrollTop:i},500)})}); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-json/" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.1" /> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <style type="text/css">.recentcomments a{display:inline !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;}</style><style type="text/css" id="custom-background-css"> body.custom-background { background-color: #f5f5f5; } </style> <!-- Jetpack Open Graph Tags --> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:title" content="March 2023 &#8211; CORE" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="CORE" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cropped-favicon.png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="512" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="512" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB" /> <!-- End Jetpack Open Graph Tags --> <link rel="icon" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cropped-favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cropped-favicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cropped-favicon-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/cropped-favicon-270x270.png" /> <script> // Opt-out function function gaOptout() { document.cookie = disableStr + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStr] = true; } // Set to the same value as the web property used on the site var gaProperty = 'UA-66779096-1'; // Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. var disableStr = 'ga-disable-' + gaProperty; if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStr + '=true') > -1) { window[disableStr] = true; } // Now load GA. Tracking beacon will not be sent if user has opted out (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-66779096-1', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> </head> <body class="archive date custom-background"> <div id="page" class="hfeed site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <div id="sidebar" class="sidebar"> <header id="masthead" class="site-header" role="banner"> <div class="site-branding"> <p class="site-title"> <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/" rel="home"> <img class="lazy" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/themes/twentyfifteen-child/images/core_logo.png" alt="CORE" /> </a> </p> <button class="secondary-toggle">Menu and widgets</button> </div><!-- .site-branding --> </header><!-- .site-header --> <!--<div class="widget"> <form method="post" action="http://core.ac.uk/search"> <input type="text" class="search_bar defaultText defaultTextActive" placeholder="Search CORE" id="searchCriteria" name="searchCriteria" value="" size="20" style="font-size: 19px; padding-left: 5px; width: 475px;"> </form> </div> --> <div id="secondary" class="secondary"> <div id="widget-area" class="widget-area" role="complementary"> <aside id="recent-posts-2" class="widget widget_recent_entries"> <h2 class="widget-title">Recent Posts</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/11/12/introducing-the-sdg-classification-module-for-the-core-dashboard/">Introducing the SDG Classification Module for the CORE Dashboard</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/10/01/the-core-rights-retention-statement-tracker/">The CORE Rights Retention Statement tracker</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/09/19/core-board-of-supporters-meeting/">CORE Board of Supporters Meeting </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/06/12/a-review-of-core-at-open-repositories-2024/">A review of CORE at Open Repositories 2024</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/05/23/core-launches-reindexing-button-for-data-providers/">CORE launches reindexing button for data providers</a> </li> </ul> </aside><aside id="block-3" class="widget widget_block widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" action="https://blog.core.ac.uk/" class="wp-block-search__button-outside wp-block-search__text-button wp-block-search" ><label class="wp-block-search__label" for="wp-block-search__input-1" >Search</label><div class="wp-block-search__inside-wrapper " ><input class="wp-block-search__input" id="wp-block-search__input-1" placeholder="" value="" type="search" name="s" required /><button aria-label="Search" class="wp-block-search__button wp-element-button" type="submit" >Search</button></div></form></aside><aside id="recent-comments-2" class="widget widget_recent_comments"><h2 class="widget-title">Recent Comments</h2><ul id="recentcomments"><li class="recentcomments"><span class="comment-author-link"><a href="https://www.arl.org/day-in-review/day-in-review-january-16-18/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Day in Review (January 16–18) - Association of Research Libraries</a></span> on <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/01/18/university-of-chicago-adopts-cores-article-deduplication-tool/#comment-120">University of Chicago adopts CORE’s article deduplication tool</a></li><li class="recentcomments"><span class="comment-author-link"><a href="https://www.arl.org/day-in-review/day-in-review-november-13-16/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Day in Review (November 13–16) - Association of Research Libraries</a></span> on <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/11/07/sofair-the-open-university-to-coordinate-new-international-project-to-facilitate-the-reproducibility-of-research-studies/#comment-119">SoFAIR: The Open University to coordinate new international project to facilitate the reproducibility of research studies</a></li><li class="recentcomments"><span class="comment-author-link">Petr Knoth</span> on <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/03/02/core-welcomes-10-new-members/#comment-113">CORE welcomes 10 new members</a></li><li class="recentcomments"><span class="comment-author-link"><a href="https://purl.org/g3om4c" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">George Macgregor</a></span> on <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/03/02/core-welcomes-10-new-members/#comment-112">CORE welcomes 10 new members</a></li><li class="recentcomments"><span class="comment-author-link"><a href="https://lib.uct.ac.za/digitalservices" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Niklas Zimmer</a></span> on <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/11/07/1419/#comment-111">CORE to become an independent Open Access service from August 2023</a></li></ul></aside><aside id="archives-2" class="widget widget_archive"><h2 class="widget-title">Archives</h2> <ul> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/11/'>November 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/10/'>October 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/09/'>September 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/06/'>June 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/05/'>May 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/04/'>April 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/03/'>March 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/02/'>February 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2024/01/'>January 2024</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/12/'>December 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/11/'>November 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/10/'>October 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/08/'>August 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/07/'>July 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/06/'>June 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/04/'>April 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/03/' aria-current="page">March 2023</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/11/'>November 2022</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/10/'>October 2022</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/09/'>September 2022</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/06/'>June 2022</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/05/'>May 2022</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/04/'>April 2022</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/03/'>March 2022</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/02/'>February 2022</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/01/'>January 2022</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2021/10/'>October 2021</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2021/09/'>September 2021</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2021/08/'>August 2021</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2021/07/'>July 2021</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2021/06/'>June 2021</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2021/04/'>April 2021</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2021/03/'>March 2021</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2021/02/'>February 2021</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/12/'>December 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/11/'>November 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/10/'>October 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/09/'>September 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/08/'>August 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/07/'>July 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/06/'>June 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/05/'>May 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/04/'>April 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/03/'>March 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/02/'>February 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2020/01/'>January 2020</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2019/12/'>December 2019</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2019/11/'>November 2019</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2019/10/'>October 2019</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2019/07/'>July 2019</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2018/12/'>December 2018</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2018/03/'>March 2018</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2017/12/'>December 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2017/11/'>November 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2017/10/'>October 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2017/05/'>May 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2017/02/'>February 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2017/01/'>January 2017</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2016/12/'>December 2016</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2016/10/'>October 2016</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2016/07/'>July 2016</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2016/06/'>June 2016</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2016/04/'>April 2016</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2016/01/'>January 2016</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2015/12/'>December 2015</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2015/10/'>October 2015</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2015/09/'>September 2015</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2015/03/'>March 2015</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2014/03/'>March 2014</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2013/07/'>July 2013</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2013/06/'>June 2013</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2013/05/'>May 2013</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2012/11/'>November 2012</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2012/07/'>July 2012</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2012/06/'>June 2012</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2012/05/'>May 2012</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2012/04/'>April 2012</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2012/03/'>March 2012</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2012/02/'>February 2012</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2011/12/'>December 2011</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2011/09/'>September 2011</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2011/08/'>August 2011</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2011/07/'>July 2011</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2011/06/'>June 2011</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2011/05/'>May 2011</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2011/04/'>April 2011</a></li> <li><a href='https://blog.core.ac.uk/2011/03/'>March 2011</a></li> </ul> </aside><aside id="categories-2" class="widget widget_categories"><h2 class="widget-title">Categories</h2> <ul> <li class="cat-item cat-item-6"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/aggregation/">aggregation</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-120"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/ambassador/">ambassador</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-81"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/api/">API</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-15"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/conferences/">conferences</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-7"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/core/">CORE</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-234"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/core-membership/">CORE Membership</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-183"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/coreupdate/">COREupdate</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-173"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/dashboard/">dashboard</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-58"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/dataset/">dataset</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-106"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/discovery/">discovery</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-246"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/events/">Events</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-86"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/growth/">growth</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-5"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/harvesting/">harvesting</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-240"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/hype/">Hype</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-177"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/integration/">Integration</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-241"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/news/">News</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-112"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/newsletter/">newsletter</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-223"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/on-merrit/">ON-MERRIT</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-243"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/projects/">Projects</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-51"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/recommender/">recommender</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-4"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/repositories/">repositories</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-82"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/sdk/">SDK</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-203"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/statistics/">statistics</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-1"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/uncategorised/">Uncategorised</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-217"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/webinar/">webinar</a> </li> </ul> </aside><aside id="meta-2" class="widget widget_meta"><h2 class="widget-title">Meta</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/core-admin/">Log in</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/feed/">Entries feed</a></li> <li><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/comments/feed/">Comments feed</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-gb.wordpress.org/">WordPress.org</a></li> </ul> </aside> </div><!-- .widget-area --> </div><!-- .secondary --> </div><!-- .sidebar --> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <a href="http://core.ac.uk" class="content-link">&#8592; Back to the CORE Portal</a> <section id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main" role="main"> <header class="page-header"> <h1 class="page-title">Month: <span>March 2023</span></h1> </header><!-- .page-header --> <article id="post-1448" class="post-1448 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-growth"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/03/17/core-gpt-combining-open-access-research-and-ai-for-credible-trustworthy-question-answering/" rel="bookmark">CORE-GPT: Combining Open Access research and AI for credible, trustworthy question answering</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-content"> <!-- Begin :: Generated by Easy Custom Auto Excerpt --><div class="ecae" style=""> <figure class="aligncenter size-full is-resized"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/core_gpt-1.png"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20471%20290'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/core_gpt-1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-1463 lazy" width="471" height="290" data-srcset="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/core_gpt-1.png 910w, https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/core_gpt-1-300x185.png 300w, https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/core_gpt-1-768x474.png 768w, https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/core_gpt-1-825x510.png 825w" data-sizes="(max-width: 471px) 100vw, 471px" /></a></figure> <p><em>Update 6th July 2023 &#8211; Our paper entitled &#8220;CORE-GPT: Combining Open Access research and large language models for credible, trustworthy question answering.</em>&#8221; <em>has been accepted to </em><a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://tpdl2023.dei.unipd.it" data-type="URL" data-id="https://tpdl2023.dei.unipd.it" target="_blank">TPDL2023</a> <em>and will be published in the LCNS series by Springer</em>. </p> <p>The public release of ChatGPT-3 in November last year captured the public’s imagination and turned this technology into front page news overnight. Only this week we saw the release of its much more powerful sibling, ChatGPT-4. In just a few short weeks there have already been some frankly startling demonstrations of the capabilities of these models, from writing poetry to code completion amongst many others.&nbsp;<span class="ecae-button ecae-buttonskin-none" style="text-align:left" > <a class="ecae-link" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/03/17/core-gpt-combining-open-access-research-and-ai-for-credible-trustworthy-question-answering/"><span>read more...</span></a></span></p></div><!-- End :: Generated by Easy Custom Auto Excerpt --> </div><!-- .entry-content --> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/03/17/core-gpt-combining-open-access-research-and-ai-for-credible-trustworthy-question-answering/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-03-17T13:32:00+00:00">17th March 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-07-06T11:22:56+01:00">6th July 2023</time></a></span><span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/author/davidpride/">David Pride</a></span></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/growth/" rel="category tag">growth</a></span> </footer><!-- .entry-footer --> </article><!-- #post-## --> <article id="post-1439" class="post-1439 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-uncategorised"> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/03/02/core-welcomes-10-new-members/" rel="bookmark">CORE welcomes 10 new members</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-content"> <!-- Begin :: Generated by Easy Custom Auto Excerpt --><div class="ecae" style=""> <p>As part of our ongoing sustainability plan, in December 2022, we launched the <a href="https://core.ac.uk/membership" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">CORE Membership program for data providers</a>. CORE is a not-for-profit service dedicated to the open access mission and one of the signatories of the Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructures <a href="https://openscholarlyinfrastructure.org/posse/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">POSI</a>. Following the <a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2022/11/07/1419/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">recently announced changes</a> to our status, to remain free for public use, CORE is leveraging a membership model to help sustain its operations.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p>We are therefore delighted today to announce that, in the very short time since the membership programme has launched, we have already welcomed ten institutions who have made a public and financial commitment to supporting Open Access infrastructure by becoming Supporting or Sustaining members of CORE.&nbsp;<span class="ecae-button ecae-buttonskin-none" style="text-align:left" > <a class="ecae-link" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/03/02/core-welcomes-10-new-members/"><span>read more...</span></a></span></p></div><!-- End :: Generated by Easy Custom Auto Excerpt --> </div><!-- .entry-content --> <footer class="entry-footer"> <span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/03/02/core-welcomes-10-new-members/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-03-02T11:09:06+00:00">2nd March 2023</time><time class="updated" datetime="2023-03-02T11:49:24+00:00">2nd March 2023</time></a></span><span class="byline"><span class="author vcard"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/author/davidpride/">David Pride</a></span></span><span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Categories </span><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/category/uncategorised/" rel="category tag">Uncategorised</a></span><span class="comments-link"><a href="https://blog.core.ac.uk/2023/03/02/core-welcomes-10-new-members/#comments">2 Comments<span class="screen-reader-text"> on CORE welcomes 10 new members</span></a></span> </footer><!-- .entry-footer --> </article><!-- #post-## --> </main><!-- .site-main --> </section><!-- .content-area --> </div><!-- .site-content --> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="site-info"> <div class="license"> <p> <a rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" title="Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license"><img class="lazy" style="float:right;" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="//i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png" alt="License"></a> </p> <div style="display: inline;" xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" about="http://creativecommons.org"> <p> <small> Except where otherwise noted, content on <span href="http://blog.core.ac.uk" property="cc:attributionName" rel="cc:attributionURL">this site</span> is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" class="subfoot"> Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license </a>. </small> </p> </div> </div> <a href="https://wordpress.org/">Proudly powered by WordPress</a> </div><!-- .site-info --> </footer><!-- .site-footer --> </div><!-- .site --> <script type='text/javascript'> /* <![CDATA[ */ r3f5x9JS=escape(document['referrer']); hf4N='b4ef26e8e995023596143e5b0f9e7a52'; hf4V='04dd9b696411828059b3f665e7ea6206'; jQuery(document).ready(function($){var e="#commentform, .comment-respond form, .comment-form, #lostpasswordform, #registerform, #loginform, #login_form, #wpss_contact_form";$(e).submit(function(){$("<input>").attr("type","hidden").attr("name","r3f5x9JS").attr("value",r3f5x9JS).appendTo(e);return true;});var h="form[method='post']";$(h).submit(function(){$("<input>").attr("type","hidden").attr("name",hf4N).attr("value",hf4V).appendTo(h);return true;});}); /* ]]> */ </script> <script async src="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/cache/minify/95d78.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="twentyfifteen-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var screenReaderText = {"expand":"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">expand child menu<\/span>","collapse":"<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">collapse child menu<\/span>"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script async src="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/cache/minify/41ea3.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/p/jetpack/11.9.3/modules/theme-tools/responsive-videos/responsive-videos.min.js" id="jetpack-responsive-videos-min-script-js"></script> <script src='https://stats.wp.com/e-202448.js' defer></script> <script> _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ 'view', {v:'ext',blog:'160721468',post:'0',tz:'0',srv:'blog.core.ac.uk',j:'1:11.9.3'} ]); _stq.push([ 'clickTrackerInit', '160721468', '0' ]); </script> <script>window.w3tc_lazyload=1,window.lazyLoadOptions={elements_selector:".lazy",callback_loaded:function(t){var e;try{e=new CustomEvent("w3tc_lazyload_loaded",{detail:{e:t}})}catch(a){(e=document.createEvent("CustomEvent")).initCustomEvent("w3tc_lazyload_loaded",!1,!1,{e:t})}window.dispatchEvent(e)}}</script><script async src="https://blog.core.ac.uk/wp-content/cache/minify/1615d.js"></script> </body> </html> <!-- Performance optimized by W3 Total Cache. Learn more: https://www.boldgrid.com/w3-total-cache/ Object Caching 91/163 objects using memcached Page Caching using apc (SSL caching disabled) Lazy Loading Minified using disk Database Caching 3/12 queries in 0.005 seconds using memcached Served from: blog.core.ac.uk @ 2024-11-27 21:30:29 by W3 Total Cache -->

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10