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Simpson</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Esther Simpson"> <meta name="keywords" content="Esther Simpson"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Esther Simpson"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 149</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Esther Simpson</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">149</span> Sensory Evaluation of Meat from Broilers Bird Fed Detoxified Jatropher Curcas and that Fed Conventional Feed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20S.%20Lawal">W. S. Lawal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20A.%20Akande"> T. A. Akande </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Four (4) different methods were employed to detoxified jatropha caucas, they are physical method (if include soaking and drying) chemical method (use of methylated spirit, hexane and methene) biological method,(use of Aspergillus niger and Sunday for 7 days and then baccillus lichifarming) and finally combined method (combination of all these methods). Phobol esther andysis was carried out after the detoxification and was found that combined method is better off (P>0.05). 100 broiler birds was used to further test the effect of detoxified Jatropha by combined method, 50 birds for Jatropha made feed at 10 birds per treatment and was replicated five times, this was also repeated for another 50 birds fed conventional feed, Jatropha made feed was compranded at 8% inclusion level. At the end of the 8th weeks, 8 birds were sacrificed each from each treatment and one bird each was fry, roast, boil and grilled from both conventional and Jatropha fed birds and panelist were served for evaluation. It was found that feeding Jatropha to poultry birds has no effect on the taste of the meat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phobol%20esther" title="phobol esther">phobol esther</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion%20level" title=" inclusion level"> inclusion level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tolerance%20level" title=" tolerance level"> tolerance level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatropha%20carcass" title=" Jatropha carcass"> Jatropha carcass</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25271/sensory-evaluation-of-meat-from-broilers-bird-fed-detoxified-jatropher-curcas-and-that-fed-conventional-feed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25271.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">148</span> Effect of Graded Levels of Detoxified Jatropha cursas on the Performance Characteristics of Cockerel Birds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20S.%20Lawal">W. S. Lawal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Akande"> T. Akande</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract— Four (4) difference methods were employed to detoxify Jatropha carcas, they were physical method (it include soaking and sun drying) Chemical (the use of methylated sprit, hexane and methane). Biological (the use of Aspergillus niger and then sundry for 7days and then Bacillus lichiformis) and Combined method (the combination of chemical and biological methods). Phobol esther analysis was carried out after the detoxification methods and it was found that the combined method is better off (P<0.05). Detoxified Jatropha from each of this methods was sundry and grinded for easy inclusion into poultry feed, detoxified jatropha was included at 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% but the combined method was increased up to 7% because the birds were able to tolerate it, the 0% was the control experiment. 405 day old broiler chicks was used to test the effect of detoxified Jatropha carcas on their performance, there are 5birds per treatment and there are 3 replicates, the experiment lasted for 8weeks,highest number of mortality was obtained in physical method, birds in chemical method tolerated up to 3% Jatropha carcas, biological method is better, as birds there were comfortable at 5% but the best of them is combined method the birds did very well at 7% as there were less mortality and highest weight gain was achieved here (P<0.05) and it was recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phobol%20esther" title="phobol esther">phobol esther</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion%20level" title=" inclusion level"> inclusion level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tolerance%20level" title=" tolerance level"> tolerance level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatropha%20carcas" title=" Jatropha carcas"> Jatropha carcas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12136/effect-of-graded-levels-of-detoxified-jatropha-cursas-on-the-performance-characteristics-of-cockerel-birds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12136.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> The History of Sambipitu Formation Temperature during the Early Miocene Epooch at Kali Ngalang, Nglipar, Gunung Kidul Regency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Harman%20Dwi">R. Harman Dwi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryan%20Avirsa"> Ryan Avirsa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Abraham%20Ivan"> P. Abraham Ivan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding of temperatures in the past, present, and future temperatures can be possible to do by analysis abundance of fossil foraminifera. This research was conducted in Sambipitu Formation, Ngalang River, Nglipar, Gunung Kidul Regency. The research method is divided into 3 stages: 1) study of literature, research based on previous researchers, 2) spatial, observation and sampling every 5-10 meters, 3) descriptive, analyzing samples consisting of a 10-gram sample weight, washing sample using 30% peroxide, biostratigraphy analysis, paleotemperature analysis using abundance of fossil, diversity analysis using Simpson diversity index method, and comparing current temperature data. There are two phases based on the appearance of Globorotalia menardii and Pulleniatina obliqueculata pointed to Phase Tropical Area, and the appearance of fossil Globigerinoides ruber and Orbulina universa fossil shows the phase of Subtropical Area. Paleotemperatur based on the appearance of Globorotalia menardii, Globigerinoides trilobus, Globigerinoides ruber, Orbulina universa, and Pulleniatina obliqueculata pointed to Warm Water Area and Warm Water Area (average surface water approximate 25°C). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abundance" title="abundance">abundance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biostratigraphy" title=" biostratigraphy"> biostratigraphy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simpson%20diversity%20index%20method" title=" Simpson diversity index method"> Simpson diversity index method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paleotemperature" title=" paleotemperature"> paleotemperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82925/the-history-of-sambipitu-formation-temperature-during-the-early-miocene-epooch-at-kali-ngalang-nglipar-gunung-kidul-regency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> Status of Mangrove Wetlands and Implications for Sustainable Livelihood of Coastal Communities on the Lagos Coast (West Africa)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Agboola%20Julius">I. Agboola Julius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20A.%20Kumolu-Johnson"> Christopher A. Kumolu-Johnson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Kolade%20Rafiu"> O. Kolade Rafiu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Saba%20Abdulwakil"> A. Saba Abdulwakil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work elucidates on mangrove diversity, trends of change, factors responsible for loss over the years and implications for sustainable livelihoods of locals in four villages (Ajido (L1), Tarkwa bay (L2), University of Lagos (L3), and Ikosi (L4)) along the coast of Lagos, Nigeria. Primary data were collected through field survey, questionnaires, interviews, and review of existing literature. Field observation and data analysis reveals mangrove diversity as low and varied on a spatial scale, where Margalef’s Diversity Index (D) was 0.368, 0.269, 0.326, and 0.333, respectively for L1, L2, L3, and L4. Shannon Weiner’s Index (H) was estimated to be 1.003, 1.460, 1.160, 1.046, and Specie Richness (E) 0.913, 0.907, 0.858, and 0.015, respectively, for the four villages. Also, The Simpson’s index of diversity was analyzed to be 0.632, 0. 731, 0.647, 0.667, and Simpson’s reciprocal index 2.717, 3.717, 3.060, and 3.003, respectively, for the four villages. Chi-square test was used to analyze the impact of mangrove loss on the sustainable livelihood of coastal communities. Calculated Chi-square (X2) value (5) was higher than tabulated value (4.30), suggesting that loss of mangrove wetlands impacted on local communities’ livelihood at the four villages. Analyses of causes and trends of mangrove wetland loss over the years suggest that urbanization, fuel wood and agricultural activities are major causes. Current degradation observed in mangrove wetlands on the Lagos coast suggest a reduction in mangroves biodiversity and associated fauna with potential cascading effects on higher trophic levels such as fisheries. Low yield in fish catch, reduction in income and increasing cases of natural disaster has culminated in threats to sustainable livelihoods of local communities along the coast of Lagos. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mangroves" title="Mangroves">Mangroves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lagos%20coast" title=" lagos coast"> lagos coast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fisheries" title=" fisheries"> fisheries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1372/status-of-mangrove-wetlands-and-implications-for-sustainable-livelihood-of-coastal-communities-on-the-lagos-coast-west-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">647</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> Design Components and Reliability Aspects of Municipal Waste Water and SEIG Based Micro Hydro Power Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Saket">R. K. Saket</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents design aspects and probabilistic approach for generation reliability evaluation of an alternative resource: municipal waste water based micro hydro power generation system. Annual and daily flow duration curves have been obtained for design, installation, development, scientific analysis and reliability evaluation of the MHPP. The hydro potential of the waste water flowing through sewage system of the BHU campus has been determined to produce annual flow duration and daily flow duration curves by ordering the recorded water flows from maximum to minimum values. Design pressure, the roughness of the pipe’s interior surface, method of joining, weight, ease of installation, accessibility to the sewage system, design life, maintenance, weather conditions, availability of material, related cost and likelihood of structural damage have been considered for design of a particular penstock for reliable operation of the MHPP. A MHPGS based on MWW and SEIG is designed, developed, and practically implemented to provide reliable electric energy to suitable load in the campus of the Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, (UP), India. Generation reliability evaluation of the developed MHPP using Gaussian distribution approach, safety factor concept, peak load consideration and Simpson 1/3rd rule has presented in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20excited%20induction%20generator" title="self excited induction generator">self excited induction generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annual%20and%20daily%20flow%20duration%20curve" title=" annual and daily flow duration curve"> annual and daily flow duration curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sewage%20system" title=" sewage system"> sewage system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipal%20waste%20water" title=" municipal waste water"> municipal waste water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20evaluation" title=" reliability evaluation"> reliability evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaussian%20distribution" title=" Gaussian distribution"> Gaussian distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simpson%201%2F3rd%20rule" title=" Simpson 1/3rd rule"> Simpson 1/3rd rule</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14381/design-components-and-reliability-aspects-of-municipal-waste-water-and-seig-based-micro-hydro-power-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14381.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">558</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> Reduction of Plants Biodiversity in Hyrcanian Forest by Coal Mining Activities </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Tavakoli">Mahsa Tavakoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mohammad%20Hojjati"> Seyed Mohammad Hojjati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahya%20Kooch"> Yahya Kooch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering that coal mining is one of the important industrial activities, it may cause damages to environment. According to the author’s best knowledge, the effect of traditional coal mining activities on plant biodiversity has not been investigated in the Hyrcanian forests. Therefore, in this study, the effect of coal mining activities on vegetation and tree diversity was investigated in Hyrcanian forest, North Iran. After filed visiting and determining the mine, 16 plots (20×20 m<sup>2</sup>) were established by systematic-randomly (60×60 m<sup>2</sup>) in an area of 4 ha (200×200 m<sup>2</sup>-mine entrance placed at center). An area adjacent to the mine was not affected by the mining activity, and it is considered as the control area. In each plot, the data about trees such as number and type of species were recorded. The biodiversity of vegetation cover was considered 5 square sub-plots (1 m<sup>2</sup>) in each plot. PAST software and Ecological Methodology were used to calculate Biodiversity indices. The value of Shannon Wiener and Simpson diversity indices for tree cover in control area (1.04<span dir="RTL">±</span>0.34 and 0.62<span dir="RTL">±</span>0.20) was significantly higher than mining area (0.78<span dir="RTL">±</span>0.27 and 0.45<span dir="RTL">±</span>0.14). The value of evenness indices for tree cover in the mining area was significantly lower than that of the control area. The value of Shannon Wiener and Simpson diversity indices for vegetation cover in the control area (1.37<span dir="RTL">±</span>0.06 and 0.69<span dir="RTL">±</span>0.02) was significantly higher than the mining area (1.02<span dir="RTL">±</span>0.13 and 0.50<span dir="RTL">±</span>0.07). The value of evenness index in the control area was significantly higher than the mining area. Plant communities are a good indicator of the changes in the site. Study about changes in vegetation biodiversity and plant dynamics in the degraded land can provide necessary information for forest management and reforestation of these areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetation%20biodiversity" title="vegetation biodiversity">vegetation biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20composition" title=" species composition"> species composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20coal%20mining" title=" traditional coal mining"> traditional coal mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caspian%20forest" title=" Caspian forest"> Caspian forest</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100549/reduction-of-plants-biodiversity-in-hyrcanian-forest-by-coal-mining-activities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100549.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> Improving Ghana's Oil Industry Through Integrated Operations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Simpson">Esther Simpson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evans%20Addo%20Tetteh"> Evans Addo Tetteh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most important sectors in Ghana’s economy is the oil and gas sector. Effective supply chain management is required to ensure the timely delivery of these products to the end users, given the rise in nationwide demand for petroleum products. Contrarily, freight forwarding plays a crucial role in facilitating intra- and intra-country trade, particularly the movement of oil goods. Nevertheless, there has not been enough scientific study done on how marketing, supply chain management, and freight forwarding are integrated in the oil business. By highlighting possible areas for development in the supply chain management of petroleum products, this article seeks to close this gap. The study was predominantly qualitative and featured semi-structured interviews with influential figures in the oil and gas sector, such as marketers, distributors, freight forwarders, and regulatory organizations. The purpose of the interviews was to determine the difficulties and possibilities for enhancing the management of the petroleum products supply chain. Thematic analysis was used to examine the data obtained in order to find patterns and themes that arose. The findings from the study revealed that the oil sector faced a number of issues in terms of supply chain management. Inadequate infrastructure, insufficient storage facilities, a lack of cooperation among parties, and an inadequate regulatory framework were among the obstacles. Furthermore, the study indicated significant prospects for enhancing petroleum product supply chain management, such as the integration of more advanced digital technologies, the formation of strategic alliances, and the adoption of sustainable practices in petroleum product supply chain management. The study's conclusions have far-reaching ramifications for the oil and gas sector, freight forwarding, and Ghana’s economy as a whole. Marketing, supply chain management, and freight forwarding has high prospects from being integrated to improve the efficiency of the petroleum product supply chain, resulting in considerable cost savings for the industry. Furthermore, the use of sustainable practices will improve the industry's sustainability and lessen the environmental effect of the petroleum product supply chain. Based on the findings, we propose that stakeholders in Ghana’s oil and gas sector work together and collaborate to enhance petroleum supply chain management. This collaboration should include the use of digital technologies, the formation of strategic alliances, and the implementation of sustainable practices. Moreover, we urge that governments establish suitable rules to guarantee the efficient and sustainable management of petroleum product supply chains. In conclusion, the integration and combination of marketing, supply chain management, and freight forwarding in the oil business gives a tremendous opportunity for enhancing petroleum product supply chain management. The study's conclusions have far-reaching ramifications for the sector, freight forwarding, and the economy as a whole. Using sustainable practices, integrating digital technology, and forming strategic alliances will improve the efficiency and sustainability of the petroleum product supply chain. We expect that this conference paper will encourage more study and collaboration among oil and gas sector stakeholders to improve petroleum supply chain management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration" title="collaboration">collaboration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistics" title=" logistics"> logistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20management" title=" supply chain management"> supply chain management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164845/improving-ghanas-oil-industry-through-integrated-operations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> The Efficacy of Lithium vs. Valporate on Bipolar Patients and Their Sexual Side Effect: A Meta-Analysis of 4159 Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasmeen%20Jamal%20Alabdallat">Yasmeen Jamal Alabdallat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Almutazballlah%20Bassam%20Qablan"> Almutazballlah Bassam Qablan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obada%20Ahmad%20Al%20Jayyousi"> Obada Ahmad Al Jayyousi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihdaa%20Mahmoud%20Bani%20Khalaf"> Ihdaa Mahmoud Bani Khalaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20E.%20Alshial"> Eman E. Alshial</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic depression, is a mental health status that leads to extreme mood swings that include emotional lows (depression) and highs (mania or hypomania). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of lithium versus valproate among bipolar patients. Methods: A computer literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted from inception until June 2022. Studies comparing lithium versus valproate among bipolar patients were selected for the analysis, and all relevant outcomes were pooled in the meta-analysis using Review Manager Software. Results: 11 Randomized Clinical Trials were included in this meta-analysis with a total of 4159 patients. Our meta showed that lithium was superior to valproate in terms of Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) (MD = 0.00 with 95% CI, (-0.55 – 0.55; I2 = 0%), P = 1.00). The results of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) showed that the overall effect favored the valproate treated group (MD = 1.41 with 95% CI, (-0.15 – 2.67; I2 = 0%), P = 0.03). Concerning the results of the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the results showed that the lithium was superior to valproate (MD = 0.03 with 95% CI, (-0.80 to 0.87; I2 = 40%), P = 0.94). In terms of the sexual side effect, we found that the valproate was superior to lithium (RR 1.19 with 95% CI, (0.74 to 1.91; I2 = 0%), P = 0.47). The lithium-treated group was superior in comparison to valproate treated group in terms of Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) (MD = -0.03 with 95% CI (-0.38 to 0.32; I2 = 0%), P = 0.87). The lithium was more favorable in terms of Simpson-Agnes scale (MD = -0.40 with 95% CI, (-0.86 to 0.06; I2 = 0%), P = 0.09). The results of the Barnes akathisia scale showed that the overall effect of the valproate was more favorable in comparison to lithium (MD = 0.05 with 95% CI, (-0.12 to 0.22; I2 = 0%), P = 0.57). Conclusion: Our study revealed that on the scales of efficacy Lithium treated group surpassed Valproate treated group in terms of Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) and Simpson-Agnes scale, but valproate surpassed it in Barnes Akathisia scale. Furthermore, on the scales of depression Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) showed that the overall effect favored Valproate treated group, but Lithium surpassed valproate in terms of Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Valproate surpassed Lithium in terms of sexual side effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bipolar" title="bipolar">bipolar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mania" title=" mania"> mania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bipolar-depression" title=" bipolar-depression"> bipolar-depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20dysfunction" title=" sexual dysfunction"> sexual dysfunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20side%20effects" title=" sexual side effects"> sexual side effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155001/the-efficacy-of-lithium-vs-valporate-on-bipolar-patients-and-their-sexual-side-effect-a-meta-analysis-of-4159-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Advantages and Disadvantages of Hydroelectric Energy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Ushike%20Akashie">Esther Ushike Akashie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> No matter who you are, where you are from and irrespective of age and gender, there is a universal need for power and energy. Every year, this need grows even more urgent the more scientific and technological inventions advance. Due to this fact, we find that majority of the research related to energy and power has been focused on finding new and innovative ways to produce power. Furthermore, we observe that because of the environmental state of our world today and the impact of climate change, one of the most explored routes of study has been the use of renewable energies. In this paper, we will be looking at one of the oldest forms of renewable energy, hydroelectric energy. First off, an overview of its history, sources, technical aspects, and applications will be evaluated. After which, we will then proceed to understand the main benefits and drawbacks of this form of renewable energy and offer insights on how it can be better utilized in our world today. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydropower" title="hydropower">hydropower</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroelectric%20energy" title=" hydroelectric energy"> hydroelectric energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advantages" title=" advantages"> advantages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disadvantages" title=" disadvantages"> disadvantages</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146239/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-hydroelectric-energy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Assessment of an ICA-Based Method for Detecting the Effect of Attention in the Auditory Late Response</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siavash%20Mirahmadizoghi">Siavash Mirahmadizoghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steven%20Bell"> Steven Bell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Simpson"> David Simpson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work a new independent component analysis (ICA) based method for noise reduction in evoked potentials is evaluated on for auditory late responses (ALR) captured with a 63-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) from 10 normal-hearing subjects. The performance of the new method is compared with a single channel alternative in terms of signal to noise ratio (SNR), the number of channels with an SNR above an empirically derived statistical critical value and an estimate of the effect of attention on the major components in the ALR waveform. The results show that the multichannel signal processing method can significantly enhance the quality of the ALR signal and also detect the effect of the attention on the ALR better than the single channel alternative. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auditory%20late%20response%20%28ALR%29" title="auditory late response (ALR)">auditory late response (ALR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention" title=" attention"> attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EEG" title=" EEG"> EEG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=independent%20component%20analysis%20%28ICA%29" title=" independent component analysis (ICA)"> independent component analysis (ICA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multichannel%20signal%20processing" title=" multichannel signal processing"> multichannel signal processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11551/assessment-of-an-ica-based-method-for-detecting-the-effect-of-attention-in-the-auditory-late-response" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11551.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Bleeding-Heart Altruists and Calculating Utilitarians: Applying Process Dissociation to Self-sacrificial Dilemmas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Simpson">David Simpson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyle%20Nash"> Kyle Nash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is considerable evidence linking slow, deliberative reasoning (system 2) with utilitarian judgments in dilemmas involving the sacrificing of another person for the greater good (other-sacrificial dilemmas). Joshua Greene has argued, based on this kind of evidence, that system 2 drives utilitarian judgments. However, the evidence on whether system 2 is associated with utilitarian judgments in self-sacrificial dilemmas is more mixed. We employed process dissociation to measure a self-sacrificial utilitarian (SU) parameter and an other-sacrificial (OU) utilitarian parameter. It was initially predicted that contra Greene, the cognitive reflection test (CRT) would only be positively correlated with the OU parameter and not the SU parameter. However, Greene’s hypothesis was corroborated: the CRT positively correlated with both the OU parameter and the SU parameter. By contrast, the CRT did not correlate with the other two moral parameters we extracted (altruism and deontology). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-process%20model" title="dual-process model">dual-process model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utilitarianism" title=" utilitarianism"> utilitarianism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=altruism" title=" altruism"> altruism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reason" title=" reason"> reason</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotion" title=" emotion"> emotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20dissociation" title=" process dissociation"> process dissociation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148724/bleeding-heart-altruists-and-calculating-utilitarians-applying-process-dissociation-to-self-sacrificial-dilemmas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> An Analysis of Telugu Proverbs in the Light of Endangerment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther">Esther</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Queeny"> Queeny</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main goal of this paper is to reflect on the overwhelming, rich folklore of Telugu people through their proverbs, which are assumed to be in a state of endangerment. In order to prove the statement made that the proverbs in Telugu are endangered, we have to delve deeper. We hardly found two or three papers related to Telugu proverbs. So, though the process was weary of sorting out the different proverbs in Telugu, to translate them etc. we found it necessary to do a survey in the form of a questionnaire and draw conclusions so that we could address this issue to the readers. We began with a basic assumption that the older generation may have a wider knowledge of their folklore when compared to the younger generation. The results obtained are quite remarkable, which strengthened our assumptions. Statistical analysis was adopted for quantitative analysis. Through this paper, we hope to kindle cultural awareness among the youngsters regarding the use of one’s own mother tongue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sociolinguistics" title="sociolinguistics">sociolinguistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Telugu%20proverbs" title=" Telugu proverbs"> Telugu proverbs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folklore" title=" folklore"> folklore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endangerment" title=" endangerment"> endangerment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142079/an-analysis-of-telugu-proverbs-in-the-light-of-endangerment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142079.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> On Mathematical Modelling and Optimization of Emerging Trends Processes in Advanced Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agarana%20Michael%20C.">Agarana Michael C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akinlabi%20Esther%20T."> Akinlabi Esther T.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pule%20Kholopane"> Pule Kholopane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Innovation in manufacturing process technologies and associated product design affects the prospects for manufacturing today and in near future. In this study some theoretical methods, useful as tools in advanced manufacturing, are considered. In particular, some basic Mathematical, Operational Research, Heuristic, and Statistical techniques are discussed. These techniques/methods are very handy in many areas of advanced manufacturing processes, including process planning optimization, modelling and analysis. Generally the production rate requires the application of Mathematical methods. The Emerging Trends Processes in Advanced Manufacturing can be enhanced by using Mathematical Modelling and Optimization techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modelling" title="mathematical modelling">mathematical modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20trends" title=" emerging trends"> emerging trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advanced%20manufacturing" title=" advanced manufacturing"> advanced manufacturing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158822/on-mathematical-modelling-and-optimization-of-emerging-trends-processes-in-advanced-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Receptive Vocabulary Development in Adolescents and Adults with Down Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Moraleda%20Sep%C3%BAlveda">Esther Moraleda Sepúlveda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soraya%20Delgado%20Matute"> Soraya Delgado Matute</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Salido%20Escudero"> Paula Salido Escudero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raquel%20Mimoso%20Garc%C3%ADa"> Raquel Mimoso García</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%20Cristina%20Alc%C3%B3n%20Lancho"> M Cristina Alcón Lancho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although there is some consensus when it comes to establishing the lexicon as one of the strengths of language in people with Down Syndrome (DS), little is known about its evolution throughout development and changes based on age. The objective of this study was to find out if there are differences in receptive vocabulary between adolescence and adulthood. In this research, 30 people with DS between 11 and 40 years old, divided into two age ranges (11-18; 19 - 30) and matched in mental age, were evaluated through the Peabody Vocabulary Test. The results show significant differences between both groups in favor of the group with the oldest chronological age and a direct correlation between chronological age and receptive vocabulary development, regardless of mental age. These data support the natural evolution of the passive lexicon in people with DS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=down%20syndrome" title="down syndrome">down syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language" title=" language"> language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=receptive%20vocabulary" title=" receptive vocabulary"> receptive vocabulary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title=" adolescents"> adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adults" title=" adults"> adults</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141514/receptive-vocabulary-development-in-adolescents-and-adults-with-down-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141514.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> The Effects of Religiosity and Spiritual Intelligence on the Performance of Accountants in Ghana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wisdom%20Dordudnu">Wisdom Dordudnu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20%20M.%20Y.%20Owusu"> George M. Y. Owusu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20N.%20Y.%20Simpson"> Samuel N. Y. Simpson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The recent failures of many corporate giants have generated intense research interest in the factors that influence accountants’ job performance. Against the backdrop that these factors also create an enabling environment for success at the work place, this study contributes to literature on job performance of accountants by exploring the impact of two psycho-spiritual factors: religiosity and spiritual intelligence on job performance of accountants in Ghana. The study employs a survey approach using questionnaires as the principal means of data collection to elicit responses from accountants working in the 222 certified firms of Institute of Chartered Accountants Ghana (ICAG). A structural equation modeling-based approach is employed to examine the relationship among the study constructs. Results of this study indicate that there is a positive relationship between these factors and accountants’ performance. It is expected that this study provides strong evidence and highlight the need for specific action from managers to look critically at the non-material aspect of accountants in accounting firms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20performance" title="job performance">job performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psycho-spiritual" title=" psycho-spiritual"> psycho-spiritual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religiosity" title=" religiosity"> religiosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spiritual%20intelligence" title=" spiritual intelligence"> spiritual intelligence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87085/the-effects-of-religiosity-and-spiritual-intelligence-on-the-performance-of-accountants-in-ghana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> A t-SNE and UMAP Based Neural Network Image Classification Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shelby%20Simpson">Shelby Simpson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Stanley"> William Stanley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namir%20Naba"> Namir Naba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaodi%20Wang"> Xiaodi Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Both t-SNE and UMAP are brand new state of art tools to predominantly preserve the local structure that is to group neighboring data points together, which indeed provides a very informative visualization of heterogeneity in our data. In this research, we develop a t-SNE and UMAP base neural network image classification algorithm to embed the original dataset to a corresponding low dimensional dataset as a preprocessing step, then use this embedded database as input to our specially designed neural network classifier for image classification. We use the fashion MNIST data set, which is a labeled data set of images of clothing objects in our experiments. t-SNE and UMAP are used for dimensionality reduction of the data set and thus produce low dimensional embeddings. Furthermore, we use the embeddings from t-SNE and UMAP to feed into two neural networks. The accuracy of the models from the two neural networks is then compared to a dense neural network that does not use embedding as an input to show which model can classify the images of clothing objects more accurately. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=t-SNE" title="t-SNE">t-SNE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UMAP" title=" UMAP"> UMAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fashion%20MNIST" title=" fashion MNIST"> fashion MNIST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20networks" title=" neural networks"> neural networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137765/a-t-sne-and-umap-based-neural-network-image-classification-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137765.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> An Ergonomic Handle Design for Instruments in Laparoscopic Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramon%20Sancibrian">Ramon Sancibrian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Redondo-Figuero"> Carlos Redondo-Figuero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20C.%20Gutierrez-Diez"> Maria C. Gutierrez-Diez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20G.%20Sarabia"> Esther G. Sarabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20A.%20Benito-Gonzalez"> Maria A. Benito-Gonzalez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20C.%20Manuel-Palazuelos"> Jose C. Manuel-Palazuelos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the design and evaluation of a handle for laparoscopic surgery is presented. The design of the handle is based on ergonomic principles and tries to avoid awkward postures for surgeons. The handle combines the so-called power-grip and accurate-grip in order to provide strength and accuracy in the performance of surgery. The handle is tested using both objective and subjective approaches. The objective approach uses motion capture techniques to obtain the angles of forearm, arm, wrist and hand. The muscular effort is obtained with electromyography electrodes. On the other hand, a subjective survey has been carried out using questionnaires. Results confirm that the handle is preferred by the majority of the surgeons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laparoscopic%20surgery" title="laparoscopic surgery">laparoscopic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomics" title=" ergonomics"> ergonomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20design" title=" mechanical design"> mechanical design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomechanics" title=" biomechanics"> biomechanics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41496/an-ergonomic-handle-design-for-instruments-in-laparoscopic-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> On-Farm Diversification in Vietnam: Determinants and Trends</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diep%20Thanh%20Tung">Diep Thanh Tung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joachim%20Aurbacher"> Joachim Aurbacher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to measure the level of on-farm diversification in Vietnam. The empirical results of the research carried out reflect regional differences in terms of on-farm diversification and its determinants. Households in the northern regions have adapted to the fragmented and small-sized parcels of land held by diversifying their on-farm activities. In contrast, the Mekong delta region in the south of Vietnam is characterized by larger agricultural parcels and a specialization in rice production. Land use fragmentation, as reflected by a large number of plots in a given area, is one of the most important reasons for the high levels of on-farm diversification seen, while the higher share of non-farm income in total income is the reason of lower levels of on-farm diversification. Households have reacted to natural and economic shocks by diversifying their on-farm activities. The non-stationary Markov chain model used here shows various diversification scenarios and trends. In most cases, on-farm diversification generally tends to reduce over the next few years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diversification" title="diversification">diversification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simpson%20index" title=" simpson index"> simpson index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20effects" title=" fixed effects"> fixed effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-stationary%20markov%20chain" title=" non-stationary markov chain"> non-stationary markov chain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22799/on-farm-diversification-in-vietnam-determinants-and-trends" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Overcoming the Problems Affecting Drip Irrigation System through the Design of an Efficient Filtration and Flushing System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20A.%20Akinlabi">Stephen A. Akinlabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20T.%20Akinlabi"> Esther T. Akinlabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The drip irrigation system is one of the important areas that affect the livelihood of farmers directly. The use of drip irrigation system has been the most efficient system compared to the other types of irrigations systems because the drip irrigation helps to save water and increase the productivity of crops. But like any other system, it can be considered inefficient when the filters and the emitters get clogged while in operation. The efficiency of the entire system is reduced when the emitters are clogged and blocked. This consequently impact and affect the farm operations which may result in scarcity of farm products and increase the demand. This design work focuses on how to overcome some of the challenges affecting drip irrigation system through the design of an efficient filtration and flushing system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drip%20irrigation%20system" title="drip irrigation system">drip irrigation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filters" title=" filters"> filters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20texture" title=" soil texture"> soil texture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20engineering%20design" title=" mechanical engineering design"> mechanical engineering design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analysis" title=" analysis"> analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5838/overcoming-the-problems-affecting-drip-irrigation-system-through-the-design-of-an-efficient-filtration-and-flushing-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5838.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Relationship and Comorbidity Between Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javiera%20Espinosa">Javiera Espinosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20L%C3%B3pez"> Patricia López</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noelia%20Santos"> Noelia Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadia%20Loro"> Nadia Loro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Moraleda"> Esther Moraleda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the number of investigations that establish that Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder are diagnoses that can coexist together. However, there are also many studies that consider that both diagnoses present neuropsychological, linguistic and adaptive characteristics with a totally different profile. The objective of this research is to question whether there really can be a profile that encompasses both disorders or if they can be incompatible with each other. To this end, a review of the scientific literature of recent years has been carried out. The results indicate that the two lines collect opposite approaches. On the one hand, there is research that supports the increase in comorbidity between Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder, and on the other hand, many investigations show a totally different general development profile between the two. The discussion focuses on discussing both lines of work and on proposing future lines of research in this regard. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title="disability">disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language" title=" language"> language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech" title=" speech"> speech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=down%20syndrome" title=" down syndrome"> down syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179107/relationship-and-comorbidity-between-down-syndrome-and-autism-spectrum-disorder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179107.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Operational Advantages of Tungsten Inert Gas over Metal Inert Gas Welding Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Ogundimu">Emmanuel Ogundimu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Akinlabi"> Esther Akinlabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mutiu%20Erinosho"> Mutiu Erinosho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, studies were done on the material characterization of type 304 austenitic stainless steel weld produced by TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) and MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding processes. This research is aimed to establish optimized process parameters that will result in a defect-free weld joint, homogenous distribution of the iron (Fe), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) was observed at the welded joint of all the six samples. The welded sample produced at the current of 170 A by TIG welding process had the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) value of 621 MPa at the welds zone, and the welded sample produced by MIG process at the welding current of 150 A had the lowest UTS value of 568 MPa. However, it was established that TIG welding process is more appropriate for the welding of type 304 austenitic stainless steel compared to the MIG welding process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microhardness" title="microhardness">microhardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile" title=" tensile"> tensile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIG%20welding" title=" MIG welding"> MIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process" title=" process"> process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile" title=" tensile"> tensile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20stress%20TIG%20welding" title=" shear stress TIG welding"> shear stress TIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIG-MIG%20welding" title=" TIG-MIG welding"> TIG-MIG welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104565/operational-advantages-of-tungsten-inert-gas-over-metal-inert-gas-welding-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Relationship and Comorbidity between Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20Jim%C3%A9nez%20Lidue%C3%B1a">Elena Jiménez Lidueña</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noelia%20Santos%20Muriel"> Noelia Santos Muriel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20L%C3%B3pez%20Resa"> Patricia López Resa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noelia%20Pulido%20Garc%C3%ADa"> Noelia Pulido García</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Moraleda%20Sep%C3%BAlveda"> Esther Moraleda Sepúlveda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the number of investigations that establish that Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder are diagnoses that can coexist together. However, there are also many studies that consider that both diagnoses present neuropsychological, linguistic and adaptive characteristics with a totally different profiles. The objective of this research is to question whether there really can be a profile that encompasses both disorders or if they can be incompatible with each other. To this end, a review of the scientific literature of recent years has been carried out. The results indicate that the two lines collect opposite approaches. On the one hand, there is research that supports the increase in comorbidity between Down Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder and, on the other hand, shows a totally different general development profile between the two. The discussion focuses on discussing both lines of work and on proposing future lines of research in this regard. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Down%20Syndrome" title="Down Syndrome">Down Syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Autism" title=" Autism"> Autism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comorbidity" title=" comorbidity"> comorbidity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic" title=" linguistic"> linguistic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165225/relationship-and-comorbidity-between-down-syndrome-and-autism-spectrum-disorder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Recreational Nitrous Oxide Use: Increasing Risks and Harms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julaine%20Allan">Julaine Allan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacqui%20Cameron"> Jacqui Cameron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20Simpson"> Helen Simpson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenny%20Kor"> Kenny Kor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The pleasurable and intoxicating effects of psychoactive substances result in widespread use. However, deaths and injuries from psychoactive substance use, particularly among young people, are a global public health problem. Understanding the benefits and problems associated with different drugs is an important part of creating contextually and physiologically relevant harm reduction strategies. Nitrous oxide use is increasing. A systematic review sought information for harm reduction strategies. The aim of this study was to systematically collate and synthesize the disparate body of research on recreational nitrous oxide use to inform harm reduction approaches tailored for young people. A mixed-methods systematic review combined quantitative data such as prevalence and incidence statistics as well as interpretive data on the experience of N₂O use. Thirty-four studies were included in the final analysis. There was minimal information available to inform policy, health care, or individuals using N₂O. The cultural, contextual, and personal reasons for N₂O use are largely unexplored. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=substance%20misuse" title="substance misuse">substance misuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrous%20oxide" title=" nitrous oxide"> nitrous oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harms" title=" harms"> harms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harm%20reduction" title=" harm reduction"> harm reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151252/recreational-nitrous-oxide-use-increasing-risks-and-harms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> Effect of Traffic Composition on Delay and Saturation Flow at Signal Controlled Intersections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arpita%20Saha">Arpita Saha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apoorv%20Jain"> Apoorv Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satish%20Chandra"> Satish Chandra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indrajit%20Ghosh"> Indrajit Ghosh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Level of service at a signal controlled intersection is directly measured from the delay. Similarly, saturation flow rate is a fundamental parameter to measure the intersection capacity. The present study calculates vehicle arrival rate, departure rate, and queue length for every five seconds interval in each cycle. Based on the queue lengths, the total delay of the cycle has been calculated using Simpson’s 1/3rd rule. Saturation flow has been estimated in terms of veh/hr of green/lane for every five seconds interval of the green period until at least three vehicles are left to cross the stop line. Vehicle composition shows an immense effect on total delay and saturation flow rate. The increase in two-wheeler proportion increases the saturation flow rate and reduces the total delay per vehicle significantly. Additionally, an increase in the heavy vehicle proportion reduces the saturation flow rate and increases the total delay for each vehicle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delay" title="delay">delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saturation%20flow" title=" saturation flow"> saturation flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signalised%20intersection" title=" signalised intersection"> signalised intersection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20composition" title=" vehicle composition"> vehicle composition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62341/effect-of-traffic-composition-on-delay-and-saturation-flow-at-signal-controlled-intersections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Patterns in Fish Diversity and Abundance of an Abandoned Gold Mine Reservoirs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20E.%20Obayemi">O. E. Obayemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Ayoade"> M. A. Ayoade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20O.%20Komolafe"> O. O. Komolafe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fish survey was carried out for an annual cycle covering both rainy and dry seasons using cast nets, gill nets and traps at two different reservoirs. The objective was to examined the fish assemblages of the reservoirs and provide more additional information on the reservoir. The fish species in the reservoirs comprised of twelve species of six families. The results of the study also showed that five species of fish were caught in reservoir five while ten fish species were captured in reservoir six. Species such as Malapterurus electricus, Ctenopoma kingsleyae, Mormyrus rume, Parachanna obscura, Sarotherodon galilaeus, Tilapia mariae, C. guntheri, Clarias macromystax, Coptodon zilii and Clarias gariepinus were caught during the sampling period. There was a significant difference (p=0.014, t = 1.711) in the abundance of fish species in the two reservoirs. Seasonally, reservoirs five (p=0.221, t = 1.859) and six (p=0.453, t = 1.734) showed there was no significant difference in their fish populations. Also, despite being impacted with gold mining the diversity indices were high when compared to less disturbed waterbodies. The study concluded that the environments recorded low abundant fish species which suggests the influence of mining on the abundance and diversity of fish species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igun" title="Igun">Igun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title=" fish"> fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shannon-Wiener%20Index" title=" Shannon-Wiener Index"> Shannon-Wiener Index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simpson%20index" title=" Simpson index"> Simpson index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pielou%20index" title=" Pielou index"> Pielou index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173907/patterns-in-fish-diversity-and-abundance-of-an-abandoned-gold-mine-reservoirs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173907.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Who Killed Kalief? Examining the Effects of Solitary Confinement on Juvenile Detainees in the United States</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Baldwin">Esther Baldwin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is well settled that the use of solitary confinement can cause psychological and physical harm to detainees. For juveniles, who are more susceptible to irreparable harm due to their underdeveloped psyches, the risks are exacerbated. Despite these risks, across the United States juvenile detainees are regularly held in isolation for prolonged periods of time. This essay will examine the broad impact of solitary confinement on juvenile detainees while giving particular focus to the story of Kalief Browder, a juvenile awaiting trial on Rikers Island in New York for a period of three years, nearly two years of which were spent in solitary confinement. Although sadly, his story is not uncommon, Kalief’s story offers a unique perspective in that it provides first-hand insight on the effects of solitary confinement on juveniles. It is our hope that by sharing his story, we will demand better detention practices and policies for juveniles under correctional control in the United States. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criminal%20justice%20system" title="criminal justice system">criminal justice system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=juveniles" title=" juveniles"> juveniles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalief%20browder" title=" Kalief browder"> Kalief browder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solitary%20confinement" title=" solitary confinement"> solitary confinement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46258/who-killed-kalief-examining-the-effects-of-solitary-confinement-on-juvenile-detainees-in-the-united-states" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46258.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Characterising the Effects of Heat Treatment on 3CR12 and AISI 316 Stainless Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20T.%20Akinlabi">Esther T. Akinlabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20A.%20Akinlabi"> Stephen A. Akinlabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports on the effects of heat treatment on 3CR12 and AISI 316 stainless steel grades. Heat treatment was conducted on the steel grades and cooled using two different media; air and water in order to study the effect of each medium on the evolving properties of the samples. The heat treated samples were characterized through the evolving microstructure and hardness. It was found that there was a significant grain size reduction in both the heat treated stainless steel specimens compared to the parent materials. The finer grain sizes were achieved as a result of impediment to growth of one phase by the other. The Vickers micro-hardness values of the heat treated samples were higher compared to the parent materials due to the fact that each of the steel grades had a proportion of martensitic structures in their microstructures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=austenite" title="austenite">austenite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferrite" title=" ferrite"> ferrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grain%20size" title=" grain size"> grain size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=martensite" title=" martensite"> martensite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure%20and%20stainless%20steel" title=" microstructure and stainless steel"> microstructure and stainless steel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5781/characterising-the-effects-of-heat-treatment-on-3cr12-and-aisi-316-stainless-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5781.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Effect of Gaseous Imperfections on the Supersonic Flow Parameters for Air in Nozzles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merouane%20Salhi">Merouane Salhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toufik%20Zebbiche"> Toufik Zebbiche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When the stagnation pressure of perfect gas increases, the specific heat and their ratio do not remain constant anymore and start to vary with this pressure. The gas doesn’t remain perfect. Its state equation change and it becomes for a real gas. In this case, the effects of molecular size and intermolecular attraction forces intervene to correct the state equation. The aim of this work is to show and discuss the effect of stagnation pressure on supersonic thermodynamical, physical and geometrical flow parameters, to find a general case for real gas. With the assumptions that Berthelot’s state equation accounts for the molecular size and intermolecular force effects, expressions are developed for analyzing supersonic flow for thermally and calorically imperfect gas lower than the dissociation molecules threshold. The designs parameters for supersonic nozzle like thrust coefficient depend directly on stagnation parameters of the combustion chamber. The application is for air. A computation of error is made in this case to give a limit of perfect gas model compared to real gas model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supersonic%20flow" title="supersonic flow">supersonic flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20gas%20model" title=" real gas model"> real gas model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berthelot%E2%80%99s%20state%20equation" title=" Berthelot’s state equation"> Berthelot’s state equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simpson%E2%80%99s%20method" title=" Simpson’s method"> Simpson’s method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensation%20function" title=" condensation function"> condensation function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stagnation%20pressure" title=" stagnation pressure"> stagnation pressure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19069/effect-of-gaseous-imperfections-on-the-supersonic-flow-parameters-for-air-in-nozzles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Modeling and Analysis of Laser Sintering Process Scanning Time for Optimal Planning and Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agarana%20Michael%20C.">Agarana Michael C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akinlabi%20Esther%20T."> Akinlabi Esther T.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pule%20Kholopane"> Pule Kholopane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to sustain the advantages of an advanced manufacturing technique, such as laser sintering, minimization of total processing cost of the parts being produced is very important. An efficient time management would usually very important in optimal cost attainment which would ultimately result in an efficient advanced manufacturing process planning and control. During Laser Scanning Process Scanning (SLS) procedures it is possible to adjust various manufacturing parameters which are used to influence the improvement of various mechanical and other properties of the products. In this study, Modelling and mathematical analysis, including sensitivity analysis, of the laser sintering process time were carried out. The results of the analyses were represented with graphs, from where conclusions were drawn. It was specifically observed that achievement of optimal total scanning time is key for economic efficiency which is required for sustainability of the process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling%20and%20analysis" title="modeling and analysis">modeling and analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20planning%20and%20control" title=" optimal planning and control"> optimal planning and control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20sintering%20process" title=" laser sintering process"> laser sintering process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scanning%20time" title=" scanning time"> scanning time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158820/modeling-and-analysis-of-laser-sintering-process-scanning-time-for-optimal-planning-and-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158820.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> Effect of Welding Current on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Tungsten Inert Gas Welding of Type-304 Austenite Stainless Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Ogundimu">Emmanuel Ogundimu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Akinlabi"> Esther Akinlabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mutiu%20Erinosho"> Mutiu Erinosho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to study the effect of welding current on the microstructure and the mechanical properties. Material characterizations were conducted on a 6 mm thick plates of type-304 austenite stainless steel, welded by TIG welding process at two different welding currents of 150 A (Sample F3) and 170 A (Sample F4). The tensile strength and the elongation obtained from sample F4 weld were approximately 584 MPa and 19.3 %; which were higher than sample F3 weld. The average microhardness value of sample F4 weld was found to be 235.7 HV, while that of sample F3 weld was 233.4 HV respectively. Homogenous distribution of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) were observed at the welded joint of the two samples. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis revealed that Fe, Cr, and Ni made up the composition formed in the weld zone. The optimum welding current of 170 A for TIG welding of type-304 austenite stainless steel can be recommended for high-tech industrial applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microhardness" title="microhardness">microhardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile" title=" tensile"> tensile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIG%20welding" title=" MIG welding"> MIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process" title=" process"> process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile" title=" tensile"> tensile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20stress%20TIG%20welding" title=" shear stress TIG welding"> shear stress TIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIG-MIG%20welding" title=" TIG-MIG welding"> TIG-MIG welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104566/effect-of-welding-current-on-mechanical-properties-and-microstructure-of-tungsten-inert-gas-welding-of-type-304-austenite-stainless-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104566.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Simpson&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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