CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913429817dfa9fd4',cH: 'N6dUgZJeUZpExKIaTjr9pzCl54EMD2t.EpuxQB3hsQs-1739778370-1.2.1.1-4PpbwCRgjzX2eGnXzZV4Ktce7czfrOwtwy5_dGCgDFTsKFMTqcLEN8LjvOD.k3uu',cUPMDTk: "\/10013557\/ris?__cf_chl_tk=nvh2Jz42vr2.d.uU8FH.Bd91JO3aLdB2A7B_LpI8Y4M-1739778370-1.0.1.1-f9jvSUN_N59jtelabr9Z5q8NAl6K7oBdK3l3bq4IJKA",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739778370',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10013557\/ris?__cf_chl_f_tk=nvh2Jz42vr2.d.uU8FH.Bd91JO3aLdB2A7B_LpI8Y4M-1739778370-1.0.1.1-f9jvSUN_N59jtelabr9Z5q8NAl6K7oBdK3l3bq4IJKA",md: "AuRhsyBZaLFwMt6B7OMtCg5pOfhCUwpy1gdXkrMSu5I-1739778370-1.2.1.1-yCr7SDqEyzRhG77ZLiHO6QJhQN.ElTsFoAkdsovQz6h6YKhoO92De4t2KIxAShyIKL2q4uob02gXGQgu0GgF3xIaSkjjHytiYQCp17duNQDsvNBvhN6Ap7CPkyqDUbltA13z.wcYjwAqy3zNR14uw1CCUC99EOGZqpNUDNn.VhDbZ56PM73DYTjo_rcYbr71evcS3oSTERxZsgYbqhQZP92KQWAzSFu6SlhAAKxIiFflB82517FUkD4Ft3IO3Gu5bRlkKFYcWIQHNJuiZmUQAOVguJOQ3cT5uD5WcAm6KFiDPLL2OavoqRkj1RK0zf2wwIdUFjvphm8b7w7sfDP_oOimVo.kmrn.2I6w7bjdO4Nmko0rEXuC30qVWEyhkqXub8TSyRMe2_P6D6OuUU9DBYUnipaP6UHLsT7zVQmpByF6XWpXY.QEFGdyIEoC.qt_DPhaq1g1O6_XEY13RS.NxFiKkIoW72FV526v5wDjtviD_pEXsoHTOUP9ZyMUnpEXWnvS16WACcvukL_ZCJZegsaRuztiLLUdc9IEX6vm4gwyeSFGBFp5.p_1WGXW5e2oSZS0h4ht2vTOVwPvLhp9SRK7hGydhZsXKBmIEC0hd2vqdQZCANlMtX5KBHbMujJkRBgbieKetB0_fcBfnODfXi6EqoDn9ek4ll2mriv5Izxle5uh224OwUExFS4UU0M4lPrKBqZ6JhVI3rp73iFswYNYz0rTs6hePvinUT3Np6baMgFsv0lAcmgFqcGCcQclSUIygONch0dtvNrMmqFdXNUUowSVr7664Ij.IpDi0EDelpzU1.6t9TGI1jUroJnxyUXK4nOVGdW6icpID.Qf5PvPDwEz3o_P_NkrFgnUzY_EMcZagBLBZO2Q_0ULQNggpuFtDWhokGdTo4sZWmW_mqAlgJ7ccRLvOrQPMzTxbMZo3jv4Wem6av1PC_NpMmBB75nPHzYmkhCc0TEgSEELGWI2.hc1U6NRYJXrh2dNK9NnyKhuHGsjtY89WKrTH3W5RZhWzfsD5VWXPqZXfemnmqx.C8BH1eZjoWDyHq3lkL4MLGAfYhdKsdpKYPx_onEdo6sWLxlZTFEqJUjRiMhZDvuTG71GM2ThXPHjCjuRvkmJm.kJgX8Db2vGMgT78rR67gmwMxCZLcML9katvHXXvnpiWUkwFP5VmXXu03tteGn9LagRby2d.xboh.M9tW28RD8DbUW6TMJpocz8EiWFnho2sq8EZUZxvGUrHyiZw1gJtKwkG7C.l0qs53QvrJ8OggifkPkNcSIIyvk7ErvF3HaerTGTzxb75_2BR81r93SzSEuo3Gi1mrOgBJ88ULGLdmXJ3ZexyqGx5T3xvMYo1TJgQxk4N93TmtkcjettboQNLGIBsKK2P03MPo1WqrB.JeJ36kCWttNAnQqDarFxbf1P5DXDTU6iv1F1TQ0YfSzB1au.IudUoihl7xo4PCAD.MDrTDpLuC86zMuIPrw_pxJue0bO5aJtV.BnQSXigXFNrzUia4xO_.D9Bwt9rcRTVdYKhqHCxCbAV.T5VplzaGILopM5iw7eC_JZ38BUcgLfuQ7JgO3l1hwLe5kJpcoQ3iUL0alC_F.b3wZx2sfEp1FyvnQMC4vFp4onC5W68ISXD9pQvpTHSwoHit0eWa6q6pyTwaTPiAIT4xFcxIcRCVMDWf0iK7dkx5_vAjIWrrkKHTSAo_aWThHjR.qOQ5JpVQhn3lDi7YwOSS2b9TidzkWLzSw8l3gPMkik5oItmUvPhouqTalbxICsqaaBHFwiVzikrn6t5Xh9kHVSPRXWb5Bbkdhd1iNO38fpyR0d6u.eWeUWavR_yBoB2KkAQdlJmRUdCCKN.0nsI16mag.YOO2JF1C0uSS31_rXCeC5eXU",mdrd: "oFhcCMuG29XoMLEBCVcnd670q3Tkqn_chqQkpwBZYEs-1739778370-1.2.1.1-ndWePY_GbnGLmlOQzrF.b1dZiqp1QOWvGwZWYcs0kWz1ClEP4gKnyurljPaFam0EF3latR1IjLi1DdK5F_rnndw9O8JUZdd4QF9c_WDycAFWjFo5yI6qP0tqaxtqDYyiqx0rOAOy0hE3fDwe_fZpJd7XeApHYoTMNLXaPgK8uh6xgzLwFfsDVaLx1QhfmQizX4SH9ad2_Vcqhn3AYzfx9nfSCbeOUKSvZO7oF5x9DctLO78zP9hvNE5miUmCwipcZqFuZq5spOtXypqdIu7ZFlNkqmlRtnqyWHz4AwHbp3XfPvP4V5R819hBEbL838heushhuW5pqUmimrGoQYyH5nP31bwkugBrB75hGT45N5wdd8H.Sjvb0.Ti8TAfDPi4SlnieEFLXSCNm9l0buT.UwijIae6CBRdnGsMmnQPKX2Tel_e8d6ZNw.WFX9USDhSftSTxsqR0mrsIn.SHGLb32Jzkd8aD_muKEA1wxbVU0pvq9Ag2N9rD9cUprD0awlj21Z593s_qU_NAZFyA2X2gmkVDXV.X75TFR..h8O9Pg9Ph4zZk1eSPhTQ4gSNGRCSuDN0NBhITvVlxzTj_ZcqtQMJaaiCzYM5v08v2CwQB2wJA5hvA0k1tzyG16aAUAr8kn_b6ZAxAVcJ0v5NG_OXFrbDVWuKNmtuTKixeaL76aIbLoNggC5rb_EIM.olWF107ejvTv_VbXZ.1SCi7twxIItxqH8_JZ_T9PL7XBj9yq98aigfQD1bOaY8qRDnQdpoSh_Wlv1JZslBsWwSCkfW7yGqR3V7.CJ7tZnDWsnPBV2K28MG.aWOkcsDuAx_TooEcqA3nao4W2z9wvJNtIOgMbNaXSuYZxYRH3wpxHFZRfwyd_F.yRam6XrbulULl1hAuokw9NGVoG00hUyc7DFqTZuOeFkKLr2vbV4PdHZYxS7fj0dplP9KbHyMx8iBM9GbnVH4jaMjWLJ9BXMTEwF8OE1c4ZPXnLAxJRQASLM.nyiEQiJBPbEf.71XC9waNIw96SZrgspXTq_4dnWzoaZhIpU5yksAjtpKTF4EF29QltxJBhcFrxJit7N3Q0vuLwjCHeBCZmgf6F0J7ptYb_Uft1jfL9_h3WnVdDgcipnKQ0YFWhtLznzbUuRJpK8aTb2SUOqXNjlNZtQcYqyPGaSPu21xYNnKhK_N_HAsfmFlpgxdrqSpH5Vjl12x3zPowsBS7dq9VTANAFKMH1I_bU_KMU2h.PBQrnPJ0EqD5KNCuNI8YGVUSaLNA9rh5RxUd8JvLAWHDNTxnj6aLpT2Ll38Cd91V3FxUUx8LT7RKnbi3Z8VlBDsZ_YzUhQRooat5hruQicbI7bDYmWGzEto0_SbFzz8CySTUylmGPkrhxOdIjK92le_pBSGPWbFFmH90CO0KsQ34kX3pDMSVVwgNK0WWe2D7jBEsekPXaWAYflxQpoTGmII3qZD0d8HHBJ9IrPa.LCKZAe0oBMSHyNjDA8wCStopMv_Bi0BAha3shhNGqHJEPE4hb6cflGylhYOOMXVQQbN1i_ndTFDYd2Qh1yIH_Lpf8JURkHc_.ouTMwYlXNFEJHWY1urNPzgwx5SKRoqAa7YTp0fP1ZPj60OBfZmdHk.d834CGVRYe1LXwvJ3xufBUf072gusyZzqq9lr_OVHHuC7T9uWBYkfsMwebIJ5BQz0TETFgH_xI1XMm_J0UOBHPD8sBNO.BZLYHYjri8oWFP9fZQWnynQWiZ.IORDgI.ddb3FKVRlfXyzeWfHP_UpMjAsuDTqswnzaYPfscoiubuHNG0yN62CWb0.NbTtybmUZPcgQvmTKtHXCnFLyL841.bP09wqsCDx3QWY85keDFlCAxgf3G2pL37VlYXKwbi9gyYH5mRIXLSfVadEpGmEwKy3moLoavm7imbRuV0m2zGaNCEk_XyxRqLC2v54q6ebl_zo2QCvwl3VbBSnQ4opdL0giHp9o1yRAPzKKqFEdMTI2p4bfHorDz.9V2Iy2g"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913429817dfa9fd4';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10013557\/ris?__cf_chl_rt_tk=nvh2Jz42vr2.d.uU8FH.Bd91JO3aLdB2A7B_LpI8Y4M-1739778370-1.0.1.1-f9jvSUN_N59jtelabr9Z5q8NAl6K7oBdK3l3bq4IJKA" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>