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</header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services_délivrés"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Services délivrés</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Services_délivrés-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fiabilité" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fiabilité"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Fiabilité</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fiabilité-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historique_des_versions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historique_des_versions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Historique des versions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historique_des_versions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Historique des versions</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historique_des_versions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Épuisement_des_adresses_IPv4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Épuisement_des_adresses_IPv4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Épuisement des adresses IPv4</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Épuisement_des_adresses_IPv4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historique_complet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historique_complet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Historique complet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historique_complet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Versions_du_protocole" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versions_du_protocole"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Versions du protocole</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Versions_du_protocole-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Versions_1_à_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versions_1_à_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1.1</span> <span>Versions 1 à 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Versions_1_à_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Version_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Version_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1.2</span> <span>Version 4</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Version_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Version_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Version_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1.3</span> <span>Version 5</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Version_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Version_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Version_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1.4</span> <span>Version 6</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Version_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Version_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Version_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1.5</span> <span>Version 7</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Version_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Version_8-9_?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Version_8-9_?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1.6</span> <span>Version 8-9 ?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Version_8-9_?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span lang="en">Internet Protocol</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 79 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-79" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">79 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetprotokol" title="Internetprotokol – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Internetprotokol" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="بروتوكول الإنترنت – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بروتوكول الإنترنت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nternet_protokolu" title="İnternet protokolu – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İnternet protokolu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP" title="IP – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="IP" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP" title="IP – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="IP" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2" title="ইন্টারনেট প্রোটোকল – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইন্টারনেট প্রোটোকল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protokol" title="Internet protokol – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Internet protokol" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_d%27Internet" title="Protocol d'Internet – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Protocol d'Internet" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetov%C3%BD_protokol" title="Internetový protokol – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Internetový protokol" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetprotokol" title="Internetprotokol – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Internetprotokol" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%8D%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Πρωτόκολλο Διαδικτύου – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρωτόκολλο Διαδικτύου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP" title="IP – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="IP" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocolo_de_internet" title="Protocolo de internet – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Protocolo de internet" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetiprotokoll" title="Internetiprotokoll – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Internetiprotokoll" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protokolo" title="Internet Protokolo – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Internet Protokolo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="آی‌پی – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آی‌پی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP" title="IP – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="IP" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocolo_de_Internet" title="Protocolo de Internet – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Protocolo de Internet" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%88%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%9F_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B2" title="ઈન્ટરનેટ પ્રોટોકોલ – goudjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઈન્ટરનેટ પ્રોટોકોલ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="goudjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="अंतरजाल नियमावली – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अंतरजाल नियमावली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetski_protokol" title="Internetski protokol – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Internetski protokol" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetprotokoll" title="Internetprotokoll – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Internetprotokoll" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol" title="Internet protocol – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Internet protocol" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_Internet" title="Protokol Internet – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Protokol Internet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interretala_protokolo" title="Interretala protokolo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Interretala protokolo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-samskiptareglur" title="IP-samskiptareglur – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="IP-samskiptareglur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ინტერნეტ ოქმი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინტერნეტ ოქმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP" title="IP – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="IP" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2_%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0_(Internet_Protocol)" title="ಅಂತರಜಾಲ ಶಿಷ್ಟಾಚಾರ (Internet Protocol) – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಂತರಜಾಲ ಶಿಷ್ಟಾಚಾರ (Internet Protocol)" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%84%B7_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A0%EC%BD%9C" title="인터넷 프로토콜 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인터넷 프로토콜" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP" title="IP – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="IP" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocollum_interretiale" title="Protocollum interretiale – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Protocollum interretiale" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%A3%E0%BB%8C%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%95_%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%A3%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%95%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A5" title="ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນັຕ ໂປຣໂຕໂຄລ – lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນັຕ ໂປຣໂຕໂຄລ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Интернет-протокол – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Интернет-протокол" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE" title="ഇന്റർനെറ്റ് പ്രോട്ടോക്കോൾ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇന്റർനെറ്റ് പ്രോട്ടോക്കോൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_Internet" title="Protokol Internet – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Protokol Internet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="अन्तरजाल नियम – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अन्तरजाल नियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetprotocol" title="Internetprotocol – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Internetprotocol" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protok%C3%B3%C5%82_internetowy" title="Protokół internetowy – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Protokół internetowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP" title="IP – piémontais" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="IP" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piémontais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocolo_de_Internet" title="Protocolo de Internet – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Protocolo de Internet" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP" title="IP – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="IP" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet-protokol" title="Internet-protokol – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Internet-protokol" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="අන්තර්ජාල ප්‍රොටෝකෝලය – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අන්තර්ජාල ප්‍රොටෝකෝලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetov%C3%BD_protokol" title="Internetový protokol – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Internetový protokol" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol" title="Internet protocol – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Internet protocol" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Интернет протокол – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Интернет протокол" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protokol_Internet" title="Protokol Internet – soundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Protokol Internet" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="soundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetprotokoll" title="Internetprotokoll – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Internetprotokoll" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88" title="இணைய நெறிமுறை – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இணைய நெறிமுறை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5" title="อินเทอร์เน็ตโพรโทคอล – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อินเทอร์เน็ตโพรโทคอล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86" title="دستور جالبین – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دستور جالبین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E9%99%85%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="网际协议 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="网际协议" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol" title="Internet protocol – mingrélien" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="Internet protocol" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrélien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%98_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C" title="אינטערנעט פראטאקאל – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אינטערנעט פראטאקאל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%B3t%C3%B3k%C3%B3%C3%B2l%C3%B9_%C3%8Dnt%C3%A1n%E1%BA%B9%CC%81%E1%BA%B9%CC%80t%C3%AC" title="Prótókóòlù Íntánẹ́ẹ̀tì – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Prótókóòlù Íntánẹ́ẹ̀tì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E9%99%85%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="网际协议 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="网际协议" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Internet Protocol" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E9%9A%9B%E5%8D%94%E8%AD%B0" title="網際協議 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="網際協議" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGumelo_loxhakaxholo" title="IGumelo loxhakaxholo – zoulou" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IGumelo loxhakaxholo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zoulou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8795#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Internet_Protocol" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Internet_Protocol" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Internet_Protocol" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&oldid=220507301" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Internet_Protocol&id=220507301&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FInternet_Protocol"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FInternet_Protocol"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Internet+Protocol"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Internet_Protocol&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Internet_Protocol" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8795" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <p id="sous_titre_h1" class="noexcerpt">IP</p> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/IP" class="mw-disambig" title="IP">IP</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Vinton_Cerf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Vinton_Cerf.jpg/170px-Vinton_Cerf.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Vinton_Cerf.jpg/255px-Vinton_Cerf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Vinton_Cerf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="337" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a>, le concepteur d'IP.</figcaption></figure> <p><b><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Internet Protocol</span></b> (<b>protocole internet</b>, abrégé en <b>IP</b>) est une famille de <a href="/wiki/Protocole_de_communication" title="Protocole de communication">protocoles de communication</a> de <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_informatique" title="Réseau informatique">réseaux informatiques</a> conçus pour être utilisés sur <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>. Les protocoles IP sont au <a href="/wiki/Couche_r%C3%A9seau" title="Couche réseau">niveau 3</a> dans le <a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le_OSI" title="Modèle OSI">modèle OSI</a>. Les protocoles IP s'intègrent dans la <a href="/wiki/Suite_des_protocoles_Internet" title="Suite des protocoles Internet">suite des protocoles Internet</a> et permettent un service d'adressage unique pour l'ensemble des terminaux connectés. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fonctionnement">Fonctionnement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Fonctionnement" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Fonctionnement"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article connexe : <a href="/wiki/Routage_IP" title="Routage IP">Routage IP</a>.</div></div> <p>Lors d'une communication entre deux postes, le flux de données provenant de la <a href="/wiki/Couche_transport" title="Couche transport">couche transport</a> (niveau 4 du <a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le_OSI" title="Modèle OSI">modèle OSI</a> comme les segments TCP) est encapsulé dans des <a href="/wiki/Paquet_(r%C3%A9seau)" title="Paquet (réseau)">paquets</a> par le protocole IP lors de leur passage au niveau de la <a href="/wiki/Couche_r%C3%A9seau" title="Couche réseau">couche réseau</a>. Ces paquets sont ensuite transmis à la <a href="/wiki/Couche_liaison_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Couche liaison de données">couche liaison de données</a> (niveau 2 du modèle OSI) afin d'y être encapsulés dans des <a href="/wiki/Trame_(informatique)" title="Trame (informatique)">trames</a> (par exemple <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>). </p><p>Lorsque deux terminaux communiquent entre eux <i>via</i> ce protocole, aucun chemin pour le transfert des données n'est établi à l'avance : il est dit que le protocole est « non orienté connexion ». Par opposition, pour un système comme le <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9phonique_commut%C3%A9" title="Réseau téléphonique commuté">réseau téléphonique commuté</a>, le chemin par lequel va passer la voix (ou les données) est établi au démarrage de la connexion : le protocole est « orienté connexion ». </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services_délivrés"><span id="Services_d.C3.A9livr.C3.A9s"></span>Services délivrés</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Services délivrés" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Services délivrés"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les protocoles IP assurent l'acheminement au mieux (<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">best-effort delivery</span></i>) des paquets. Ils ne se préoccupent pas du contenu des paquets, mais fournissent une méthode pour les mener à destination. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fiabilité"><span id="Fiabilit.C3.A9"></span>Fiabilité</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Fiabilité" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Fiabilité"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les protocoles IP sont considérés comme « non fiables ». Cela ne signifie pas qu'ils n'envoient pas correctement les données sur le réseau, mais qu'ils n'offrent aucune garantie pour les <a href="/wiki/Paquet_(r%C3%A9seau)" title="Paquet (réseau)">paquets</a> envoyés concernant les points suivants : </p> <ul><li>corruption de données.</li> <li>ordre d'arrivée des paquets (un paquet A peut être envoyé avant un paquet B, mais le paquet B peut arriver avant le paquet A)</li> <li>perte ou destruction de paquets</li> <li>duplication des paquets</li></ul> <p>En matière de fiabilité, le seul service offert par un protocole IP est de s'assurer que les en-têtes de paquets transmis ne comportent pas d'erreurs grâce à l'utilisation de <a href="/wiki/Somme_de_contr%C3%B4le" title="Somme de contrôle">somme de contrôle</a> (<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">checksum</span></i>). Si l'en-tête d'un paquet comprend une erreur, sa somme de contrôle ne sera pas valide et le paquet sera détruit sans être transmis. En cas de destruction d'un paquet, aucune notification n'est envoyée à l'expéditeur (encore qu'un paquet <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol" title="Internet Control Message Protocol">ICMP</a></i> puisse être envoyé). </p><p>Les garanties non offertes par un protocole IP sont déléguées aux protocoles de niveau supérieur. La raison principale de cette absence de gestion de la fiabilité est la volonté de réduire le niveau de complexité des <a href="/wiki/Routeur" title="Routeur">routeurs</a> et ainsi de leur permettre de disposer d'une plus grande rapidité. L'intelligence est alors déportée vers les points d'extrémité du réseau. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historique_des_versions">Historique des versions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Historique des versions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Historique des versions"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Articles détaillés : <a href="/wiki/IPv4" title="IPv4">IPv4</a>, <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a> et <a href="/wiki/Suite_des_protocoles_internet" class="mw-redirect" title="Suite des protocoles internet">Suite des protocoles internet</a>.</div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ipv4_header.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Ipv4_header.svg/220px-Ipv4_header.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Ipv4_header.svg/330px-Ipv4_header.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Ipv4_header.svg/440px-Ipv4_header.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="803" data-file-height="378" /></a><figcaption>En-tête IPv4.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ipv6_header.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Ipv6_header.svg/220px-Ipv6_header.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Ipv6_header.svg/330px-Ipv6_header.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Ipv6_header.svg/440px-Ipv6_header.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="803" data-file-height="628" /></a><figcaption>En-tête IPv6.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/IPv4" title="IPv4">IPv4</a> est le protocole le plus couramment utilisé en 2012, sur <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> tout comme sur les réseaux privés. <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a> est son successeur. </p><p>IPv4 utilise des adresses codées sur 32 <abbr class="abbr" title="bits"><a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">bits</a></abbr> (soit en théorie 4 294 967 296 adresses possibles) tandis qu'IPv6 les code sur 128 bits (soit en théorie 3,4 × 10<sup>38</sup> adresses possibles). </p><p>Le premier champ d'un paquet d'un protocole IP est composé de 4 bits qui indiquent la version du protocole utilisé. La valeur 0100 (4 en <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_binaire" title="Système binaire">binaire</a>) est utilisée pour IPv4, 0110 (6 en binaire) pour IPv6. La valeur 0101 (5 en binaire) est utilisée pour le protocole <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Stream_Protocol" title="Internet Stream Protocol">Internet Stream Protocol</a></i>, la valeur 0111 (7 en binaire) pour TP/IX (<abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 1475<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-1475-t-d_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC-1475-t-d-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>), 1000 (8 en binaire) pour PIP (<abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 1621<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-1621-t-d_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC-1621-t-d-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>) et 1001 (9 en binaire) pour TUBA (« <i>TCP and UDP with Bigger Addresses</i> », <abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 1347<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-1347-t-d_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC-1347-t-d-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Épuisement_des_adresses_IPv4"><span id=".C3.89puisement_des_adresses_IPv4"></span>Épuisement des adresses IPv4</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Épuisement des adresses IPv4" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Épuisement des adresses IPv4"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:200px"> <div style="background-couleur:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden"> <div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:#00B200"></div><div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 460.96007059739px; border-left-color:#EAEA00"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#EAEA00"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#EAEA00"></div><div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 25.675636036773px; border-left-color:#FF0000"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#FF0000"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:#FF0000"></div><div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; right:100px; top:100px; border-width:80.530788571112px 59.285682016106px 0 0; border-top-color:#FF9E23"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#FF9E23"></div><div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; right:100px; top:100px; border-width:74.174177273874px 67.068557653672px 0 0; border-top-color:#0000FF"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:#0000FF"></div><div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 3978.0357839761px 100px 0; border-right-color:#AA4CAA"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:#AA4CAA"></div><div style="position:absolute; width:100px; line-height:0; border:solid transparent; left:100px; top:24.163808471128px; border-width:0 0 75.836191528872px 65.183372530088px; border-bottom-color:#B2B2B2"></div> <div style="position:absolute;left:0;top:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Circle_frame.svg/200px-Circle_frame.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Circle_frame.svg/300px-Circle_frame.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Circle_frame.svg/400px-Circle_frame.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></span></span></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Distribution de l'espace d'adressage IPv4<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Le 3 février 2011, il ne reste plus aucun bloc d'adresses libre au niveau de l'IANA. </p> <div class="legende-bloc legende-bloc-vertical"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r160408543">.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-centre{display:table;margin:0 auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc ul li{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-vertical ul li{list-style:none;margin:1px 0 0 -1.5em}.mw-parser-output .legende-bloc-vertical ul li li{list-style:none;margin:1px 0 0 -1.0em}</style><ul><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#B2B2B2;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span>Réservé (13,7 %)</li><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#AA4CAA;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span>Historique (35,9 %)</li><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#0000FF;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="/wiki/RIPE_NCC" class="mw-redirect" title="RIPE NCC">RIPE NCC</a> (13,7 %)</li><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#FF9E23;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="/wiki/AfriNIC" title="AfriNIC">AfriNIC</a> (1,6 %)</li><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#FF0000;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="/wiki/ARIN" class="mw-redirect" title="ARIN">ARIN</a> (14,1 %)</li><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#EAEA00;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="/wiki/APNIC" class="mw-redirect" title="APNIC">APNIC</a> (17,6 %)</li><li><span class="legende" style="margin-right:.3em;display:inline-block;width:1.3em;height:1.3em;webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;background:#00B200;border:1px solid gray;vertical-align:middle"></span><a href="/wiki/LACNIC" class="mw-redirect" title="LACNIC">LACNIC</a> (3,5 %)</li> </ul></div> </div> </div></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/%C3%89puisement_des_adresses_IPv4" title="Épuisement des adresses IPv4">Épuisement des adresses IPv4</a>.</div></div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Transition_d%27IPv4_vers_IPv6" title="Transition d'IPv4 vers IPv6">transition vers le protocole IPv6</a> permet de contourner une pénurie d'adresses publiques, ce qui aurait pu freiner la croissance du nombre de terminaux reliés à Internet. En attendant, les opérateurs envisagent le recours à des <a href="/wiki/Carrier-grade_NAT" title="Carrier-grade NAT">traducteurs d'adresses réseaux à grande échelle</a> pour prolonger le fonctionnement d'IPv4. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historique_complet">Historique complet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Historique complet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Historique complet"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="1974-05" data-sort-value="1974-05">mai 1974</time>, l'<a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">Institut des ingénieurs électriciens et électroniciens</a> (IEEE) publie un document intitulé « A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication »<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Les auteurs de ce document, <a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a> et <a href="/wiki/Robert_Elliot_Kahn" title="Robert Elliot Kahn">Bob Kahn</a>, y décrivent un protocole qui permet d'interconnecter des réseaux de différents types pour construire un réseau global de très grande taille. Ce protocole doit permettre de partager des ressources en utilisant la <a href="/wiki/Commutation_de_paquets" title="Commutation de paquets">commutation de paquets</a> à travers des <a href="/wiki/N%C5%93ud_(r%C3%A9seau)" title="Nœud (réseau)">nœuds réseau</a>. </p><p>Un composant central de ce nouveau modèle est un programme monolithique (<i>Transmission Control Program</i><sup id="cite_ref-RFC-675-t-d_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC-675-t-d-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>) dont les deux fonctions principales seront scindées plus tard et donneront naissance aux spécifications des protocoles <a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">TCP</a> et <a href="/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol" title="User Datagram Protocol">UDP</a>. </p><p>Avec son adoption par le département de la défense des États-Unis (<i>Department of Defense Four Layers Internet Model</i> ou <i><a href="/wiki/Suite_des_protocoles_Internet" title="Suite des protocoles Internet">Suite des protocoles Internet</a></i>, il se fait plus largement connaître sous l'acronyme <i><a href="/wiki/Suite_des_protocoles_Internet" title="Suite des protocoles Internet">TCP/IP</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Versions_du_protocole">Versions du protocole</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Versions du protocole" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Versions du protocole"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/IPV" class="mw-disambig" title="IPV">IPV</a>. </p> </div></div> <p>En anglais, <i>Internet Protocol Version</i> ou <i>IPv</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Versions_1_à_3"><span id="Versions_1_.C3.A0_3"></span>Versions 1 à 3</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Versions 1 à 3" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Versions 1 à 3"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les versions 1 à 3 (IPv1, IPv2 et IPv3) du protocole sont restées expérimentales. Elles ont été utilisées entre 1977 et 1979. Des notes IEN (Internet Experiment Note) décrivent ces versions du protocole antérieures à la version moderne IPv4. </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/ien/ien2.txt">IEN 2</a> (<i>Comments on Internet Protocol and TCP</i>), datée d'<time class="nowrap" datetime="1977-08" data-sort-value="1977-08">août 1977</time>, elle décrit le besoin de séparer les fonctionnalités des protocoles IP et TCP (qui étaient ensemble auparavant). Elle propose la première version d'un entête IP, et utilise la valeur 0 pour le champ correspondant à la <i>version</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/ien/ien26.pdf">IEN 26</a> (<i>A Proposed New Internet Header Format</i>), datée de <time class="nowrap" datetime="1978-02" data-sort-value="1978-02">février 1978</time>, elle décrit une nouvelle version de l'entête IP qui utilise 1 bit pour le champ correspondant à la <i>version</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/ien/ien28.pdf">IEN 28</a> (<i>Draft Internetwork Protocol Description Version 2</i>), datée de <time class="nowrap" datetime="1978-02" data-sort-value="1978-02">février 1978</time>, elle décrit les caractéristiques d'IPv2.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/ien/ien41.pdf">IEN 41</a> (<i>Internetwork Protocol Specification Version 4</i>), datée de <time class="nowrap" datetime="1978-06" data-sort-value="1978-06">juin 1978</time>, elle décrit la première mouture du protocole qui sera connu comme IPv4. L'entête IP n'est pas encore finalisé, il va subir encore des changements.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/ien/ien44.pdf">IEN 44</a> (<i>Latest Header Formats</i>), datée de <time class="nowrap" datetime="1978-06" data-sort-value="1978-06">juin 1978</time> comme la précédente, elle décrit une autre version d'IPv4, avec une autre version de l'entête IPv4.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfc-editor.org/ien/ien54.pdf">IEN 54</a> (<i>Internetwork Protocol Specification Version 4</i>), en date de <time class="nowrap" datetime="1978-09" data-sort-value="1978-09">septembre 1978</time>, il s'agit de la première description connue du protocole IPv4 dont la forme de l'entête a finalement été retenue et standardisée dans la RFC <abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 760<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-760_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC-760-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Version_4">Version 4</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Version 4" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Version 4"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La version 4 (IPv4) du protocole est une version qui a été très largement utilisée. Le nombre 4 est le numéro de version du protocole porté par les <a href="/wiki/Datagramme" title="Datagramme">datagrammes</a> IP qui l'utilisent. IPv4 est défini dans la RFC <abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 791<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-791_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC-791-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> de 1981. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Version_5">Version 5</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Version 5" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Version 5"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La version 5 (IPv5) du protocole est une version expérimentale utilisée dans le cadre de l'étude du <a href="/wiki/Internet_Stream_Protocol" title="Internet Stream Protocol">Internet Stream Protocol</a>, protocole lui-même expérimental. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Version_6">Version 6</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifier la section : Version 6" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Version 6"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le successeur officiel du protocole IPv4 est <a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a>. Ce protocole est le résultat de plusieurs années d'expérimentation et d'échanges au cours desquels plusieurs protocoles ont été proposés comme TP/IX (<abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 1475<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-1475_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC-1475-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>), PIP (<abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 1621<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-1621_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC-1621-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>) et TUBA (TCP and UDP with Bigger Addresses, <abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 1347<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-1347_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC-1347-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>). Mais ce sont les spécifications du protocole actuel qui ont été retenues. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Version_7">Version 7</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifier la section : Version 7" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Version 7"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Des études sont en cours afin d'apporter des améliorations notamment en apportant des fonctionnalités X25 pour les migrations N2/N3. </p><p>Travaux en cours chez OLABS (T.Rosselet/N.Dublinec)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Version_8-9_?"><span id="Version_8-9_.3F"></span>Version 8-9 ?</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifier la section : Version 8-9 ?" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=13" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Version 8-9 ?"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>D'autres propositions de protocoles nommées <i>IPv8</i> et <i>IPv9</i> peuvent être rarement rencontrées, mais AUCUNE affiliation n'est possible actuellement avec les standards internationaux<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Toutefois, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1994-04-01" data-sort-value="1994-04-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> avril 1994</time>, l'<a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a> publiait un <a href="/wiki/Poisson_d%27avril" title="Poisson d'avril">poisson d'avril</a> relatif à IPv9<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-1606-t-d_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFC-1606-t-d-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=14" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-RFC-1475-t-d-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-RFC-1475-t-d_1-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1475"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">TP/IX: The Next Internet</span></a> », <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Request_for_comments" title="Request for comments">Request for comments</a></span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1475, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1993-06" data-sort-value="1993-06">juin 1993</time> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-1621-t-d-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-RFC-1621-t-d_2-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1621"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Pip Near-term Architecture</span></a> », <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Request_for_comments" title="Request for comments">Request for comments</a></span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1621, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1994-05" data-sort-value="1994-05">mai 1994</time> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-1347-t-d-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-RFC-1347-t-d_3-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1347"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">TCP and UDP with Bigger Addresses (TUBA), A Simple Proposal for Internet Addressing and Routing</span></a> », <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Request_for_comments" title="Request for comments">Request for comments</a></span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1347, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1992-06" data-sort-value="1992-06">juin 1992</time> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ai.univ-paris8.fr/~ga/Public/EnteteProtocoles.pdf">http://www.ai.univ-paris8.fr/~ga/Public/EnteteProtocoles.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4-address-space/ipv4-address-space.xhtml"><cite style="font-style:normal;">IANA IPv4 Address Space Registry</cite></a> »</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Vinton G. Cerf, Robert E. Kahn, "A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication", <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Transactions_on_Communications" title="IEEE Transactions on Communications">IEEE Transactions on Communications</a>, Vol. 22, No. 5, May 1974 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">637–648</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-675-t-d-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-RFC-675-t-d_7-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc675"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Specification Of Internet Transmission Control Program</span></a> », <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Request_for_comments" title="Request for comments">Request for comments</a></span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 675, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1974-12" data-sort-value="1974-12">décembre 1974</time> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-760-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-RFC-760_8-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc760"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Request for comments</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 760</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-791-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-RFC-791_9-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc791"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Request for comments</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 791</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-1475-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-RFC-1475_10-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1475"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Request for comments</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1475</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-1621-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-RFC-1621_11-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1621"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Request for comments</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1621</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-1347-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-RFC-1347_12-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1347"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Request for comments</span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1347</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.oreilly.com/cs/user/view/cs_msg/25036"><cite style="font-style:normal;">IPv7</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">O'Reilly</span>, O'Reilly Media <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-07-04" data-sort-value="2015-07-04">4 juillet 2015</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Leyden2004"><span class="ouvrage" id="John_Leyden2004">John <span class="nom_auteur">Leyden</span>, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/07/06/ipv9_hype_dismissed/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">China disowns IPv9 hype</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">theregister.co.uk</span>, <a href="/wiki/The_Register" title="The Register">The Register</a>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2004-07-06" data-sort-value="2004-07-06">6 juillet 2004</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-05-04" data-sort-value="2014-05-04">4 mai 2014</time>)</small></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-1606-t-d-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-RFC-1606-t-d_15-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1606"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">A Historical Perspective On The Usage Of IP Version 9</span></a> », <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Request_for_comments" title="Request for comments">Request for comments</a></span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1606, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1994-04-01" data-sort-value="1994-04-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> avril 1994</time> </span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=15" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=16" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adresse_IP" title="Adresse IP">Adresse IP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adresse_IPv6" title="Adresse IPv6">Adresse IPv6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journ%C3%A9e_mondiale_IPv6" class="mw-redirect" title="Journée mondiale IPv6">Journée mondiale IPv6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPv4" title="IPv4">IPv4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suite_des_protocoles_Internet" title="Suite des protocoles Internet">Suite des protocoles Internet</a> (TCP/IP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_Control_Transmission_Protocol" title="Stream Control Transmission Protocol">SCTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximum_transmission_unit" title="Maximum transmission unit">Maximum transmission unit</a> (MTU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">Transmission Control Protocol</a> (TCP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RIPE" title="RIPE">RIPE</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Corporation_for_Assigned_Names_and_Numbers" title="Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers">Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recursive_Internetwork_Architecture" title="Recursive Internetwork Architecture">Recursive Internetwork Architecture</a> (RINA)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Protocol&action=edit&section=17" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="//tools.ietf.org/html/rfc791" class="extiw" title="rfc:791">RFC 791</a>, <span class="lang-en" lang="en">Internet Protocol</span></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall06/cos561/papers/cerf74.pdf">A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication</a></i> (1974), dans lequel <a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a> et <a href="/wiki/Robert_Elliot_Kahn" title="Robert Elliot Kahn">Robert Elliot Kahn</a> présentent le protocole IP</li></ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style="background:#fdfdfd;"> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Mod%C3%A8le_OSI" title="Modèle:Palette Modèle OSI"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Mod%C3%A8le_OSI&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le_OSI" title="Modèle OSI">Couches du modèle OSI</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">7. <a href="/wiki/Couche_application" title="Couche application">Application</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Message_Queuing_Protocol" title="Advanced Message Queuing Protocol">AMQP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Gateway_Protocol" title="Border Gateway Protocol">BGP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol">DHCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System">DNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol" title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol_Secure" title="File Transfer Protocol Secure">FTPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSH_File_Transfer_Protocol" title="SSH File Transfer Protocol">SFTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_eXchange_Protocol" title="File eXchange Protocol">FXP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemini_(protocole)" title="Gemini (protocole)">Gemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher">Gopher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.323" title="H.323">H.323</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">HTTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol_Secure" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure">HTTPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Message_Access_Protocol" title="Internet Message Access Protocol">IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Printing_Protocol" title="Internet Printing Protocol">IPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Relay_Chat" title="Internet Relay Chat">IRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol" title="Lightweight Directory Access Protocol">LDAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Local Mail Transfer Protocol">LMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modbus" title="Modbus">MODBUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MQTT" title="MQTT">MQTT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_File_System" title="Network File System">NFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_News_Transfer_Protocol" title="Network News Transfer Protocol">NNTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Office_Protocol" title="Post Office Protocol">POP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Protocol" title="Remote Desktop Protocol">RDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Time_Streaming_Protocol" title="Real Time Streaming Protocol">RTSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secure_Internet_Live_Conferencing" title="Secure Internet Live Conferencing">SILC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIP_for_Instant_Messaging_and_Presence_Leveraging_Extensions" title="SIP for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions">SIMPLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_Initiation_Protocol" title="Session Initiation Protocol">SIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Server_Message_Block" title="Server Message Block">SMB-CIFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">SMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Network_Management_Protocol" title="Simple Network Management Protocol">SNMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAP" title="SOAP">SOAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secure_Shell" title="Secure Shell">SSH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transaction_Capabilities_Application_Part" title="Transaction Capabilities Application Part">TCAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telnet" title="Telnet">Telnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trivial_File_Transfer_Protocol" title="Trivial File Transfer Protocol">TFTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voix_sur_IP" title="Voix sur IP">VoIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebDAV" title="WebDAV">WebDAV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensible_Messaging_and_Presence_Protocol" title="Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol">XMPP</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">6. <a href="/wiki/Couche_pr%C3%A9sentation" title="Couche présentation">Présentation</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#f7f7f7;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Filing_Protocol" title="Apple Filing Protocol">AFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Standard_Code_for_Information_Interchange" title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASN.1" title="ASN.1">ASN.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Markup_Language" title="Hypertext Markup Language">HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multipurpose_Internet_Mail_Extensions" title="Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions">MIME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novell" title="Novell">NCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_Driver_Interface" title="Transport Driver Interface">TDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security" title="Transport Layer Security">TLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type-length-value" title="Type-length-value">TLV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unix_to_Unix_Copy" title="Unix to Unix Copy">UUCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vid%C3%A9otex" title="Vidéotex">Vidéotex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repr%C3%A9sentation_externe_des_donn%C3%A9es" title="Représentation externe des données">XDR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensible_Markup_Language" title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">5. <a href="/wiki/Couche_session" title="Couche session">Session</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/AppleTalk" title="AppleTalk">AppleTalk</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datagram_Transport_Layer_Security" title="Datagram Transport Layer Security">DTLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetBIOS" title="NetBIOS">NetBIOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appel_de_proc%C3%A9dure_%C3%A0_distance" title="Appel de procédure à distance">RPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliable_Server_Pooling" title="Reliable Server Pooling">RSerPool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOCKS" title="SOCKS">SOCKS</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">4. <a href="/wiki/Couche_transport" title="Couche transport">Transport</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#f7f7f7;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Datagram_Congestion_Control_Protocol" title="Datagram Congestion Control Protocol">DCCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QUIC" title="QUIC">QUIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_Reservation_Protocol" title="Resource Reservation Protocol">RSVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real-time_Transport_Protocol" title="Real-time Transport Protocol">RTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_Control_Transmission_Protocol" title="Stream Control Transmission Protocol">SCTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequenced_Packet_Exchange" title="Sequenced Packet Exchange">SPX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">TCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol" title="User Datagram Protocol">UDP</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">3. <a href="/wiki/Couche_r%C3%A9seau" title="Couche réseau">Réseau</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Address_Resolution_Protocol" title="Address Resolution Protocol">ARP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babel_(protocole)" title="Babel (protocole)">Babel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bootstrap_Protocol" title="Bootstrap Protocol">BOOTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connectionless_Network_Protocol" title="Connectionless Network Protocol">CLNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol" title="Internet Control Message Protocol">ICMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Group_Management_Protocol" title="Internet Group Management Protocol">IGMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPv4" title="IPv4">IPv4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internetwork_Packet_Exchange" title="Internetwork Packet Exchange">IPX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IS-IS" title="IS-IS">IS-IS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetBEUI" title="NetBEUI">NetBEUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighbor_Discovery_Protocol" title="Neighbor Discovery Protocol">NDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Routing_Information_Protocol" title="Routing Information Protocol">RIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Interior_Gateway_Routing_Protocol" title="Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol">EIGRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Shortest_Path_First" title="Open Shortest Path First">OSPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_Address_Resolution_Protocol" title="Reverse Address Resolution Protocol">RARP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X.25" title="X.25">X.25</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">2. <a href="/wiki/Couche_liaison_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Couche liaison de données">Liaison</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#f7f7f7;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Token_ring" title="Token ring">Anneau à jeton (<span class="lang-en" lang="en">token ring</span>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Token_bus" title="Token bus">Anneau à jeton adressé (<span class="lang-en" lang="en">Token Bus</span>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARINC_429" title="ARINC 429">ARINC 429</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avionics_Full_DupleX" title="Avionics Full DupleX">AFDX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mode_de_transfert_asynchrone" title="Mode de transfert asynchrone">ATM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitnet" title="Bitnet">Bitnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_de_donn%C3%A9es_CAN" title="Bus de données CAN">CAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber_Distributed_Data_Interface" title="Fiber Distributed Data Interface">FDDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relais_de_trames" title="Relais de trames"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Frame Relay</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-Level_Data_Link_Control" title="High-Level Data Link Control">HDLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I2C" title="I2C">I²C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.3ad" title="IEEE 802.3ad">IEEE 802.3ad (LACP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1aq" title="IEEE 802.1aq">IEEE 802.1aq (SPB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contr%C3%B4le_de_la_liaison_logique" title="Contrôle de la liaison logique">LLC</a></li> <li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/LocalTalk" title="LocalTalk">LocalTalk</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIL-STD-1553" title="MIL-STD-1553">MIL-STD-1553</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol" title="Point-to-Point Protocol">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanning_Tree_Protocol" title="Spanning Tree Protocol">STP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X.21" title="X.21">X.21</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="text-align:left;">1. <a href="/wiki/Couche_physique" title="Couche physique">Physique</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Code_en_bloc_4B5B" title="Code en bloc 4B5B">4B5B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADSL" title="ADSL">ADSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_BHDn" title="Codage BHDn">BHDn</a></li> <li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A2ble_coaxial" title="Câble coaxial">Câble coaxial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_bipolaire" title="Codage bipolaire">Codage bipolaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrier_Sense_Multiple_Access_with_Collision_Avoidance" title="Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance">CSMA/CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrier_Sense_Multiple_Access_with_Collision_Detection" title="Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection">CSMA/CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct-sequence_spread_spectrum" title="Direct-sequence spread spectrum">DSSS</a></li> <li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/E-carrier" title="E-carrier">E-carrier</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-232" title="RS-232">EIA-232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EIA-422" title="EIA-422">EIA-422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-449" title="RS-449">EIA-449</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EIA-485" title="EIA-485">EIA-485</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89talement_de_spectre_par_saut_de_fr%C3%A9quence" title="Étalement de spectre par saut de fréquence">FHSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HomeRF" title="HomeRF">HomeRF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FireWire" title="FireWire">IEEE 1394 (<span class="lang-en" lang="en">FireWire</span>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrared_Data_Association" title="Infrared Data Association">IrDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_num%C3%A9rique_%C3%A0_int%C3%A9gration_de_services" title="Réseau numérique à intégration de services">ISDN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_Manchester" title="Codage Manchester">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_Manchester_diff%C3%A9rentiel" title="Codage Manchester différentiel">Manchester différentiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_Miller" title="Codage Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi_Level_Transmit_3" title="Multi Level Transmit 3">MLT-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non_Return_to_Zero" title="Non Return to Zero">NRZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non_Return_to_Zero_Inverted" title="Non Return to Zero Inverted">NRZI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non_Return_to_Zero_Mark" title="Non Return to Zero Mark">NRZM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paire_torsad%C3%A9e" title="Paire torsadée">Paire torsadée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi%C3%A9rarchie_num%C3%A9rique_pl%C3%A9siochrone" title="Hiérarchie numérique plésiochrone">PDH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi%C3%A9rarchie_num%C3%A9rique_synchrone" title="Hiérarchie numérique synchrone">SDH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmetric_Digital_Subscriber_Line" title="Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line">SDSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronous_Optical_Network" title="Synchronous Optical Network">SONET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_Peripheral_Interface" title="Serial Peripheral Interface">SPI</a></li> <li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/T-carrier" title="T-carrier">T-carrier</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VDSL" title="VDSL">VDSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VDSL2" title="VDSL2">VDSL2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V.21" title="V.21">V.21</a>-<a href="/wiki/Liste_des_normes_de_l%27Union_internationale_des_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9communications" title="Liste des normes de l'Union internationale des télécommunications">V.23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_normes_de_l%27Union_internationale_des_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9communications" title="Liste des normes de l'Union internationale des télécommunications">V.42</a>-<a href="/wiki/V.90" title="V.90">V.90</a></li> <li><span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/Wireless_USB" title="Wireless USB">Wireless USB</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10BASE-T" title="10BASE-T">10BASE-T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10BASE2" title="10BASE2">10BASE2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10BASE5" title="10BASE5">10BASE5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100BASE-TX" title="100BASE-TX">100BASE-TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000BASE-T" title="1000BASE-T">1000BASE-T</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="" colspan="2"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><b>Articles connexes</b> : <a href="/wiki/Pile_de_protocoles" title="Pile de protocoles">Pile de protocoles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suite_des_protocoles_Internet" title="Suite des protocoles Internet">Modèle Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Couche_8" title="Couche 8">Couche 8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Internet" title="Portail d’Internet"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Circle-icons-email.svg/24px-Circle-icons-email.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Circle-icons-email.svg/36px-Circle-icons-email.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Circle-icons-email.svg/48px-Circle-icons-email.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Internet" title="Portail:Internet">Portail d’Internet</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Informatique" title="Portail de l’informatique"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Circle-icons-computer.svg/24px-Circle-icons-computer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Circle-icons-computer.svg/36px-Circle-icons-computer.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Circle-icons-computer.svg/48px-Circle-icons-computer.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Informatique" title="Portail:Informatique">Portail de l’informatique</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:T%C3%A9l%C3%A9communications" title="Portail des télécommunications"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Circle-icons-phone.svg/24px-Circle-icons-phone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Circle-icons-phone.svg/36px-Circle-icons-phone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Circle-icons-phone.svg/48px-Circle-icons-phone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:T%C3%A9l%C3%A9communications" title="Portail:Télécommunications">Portail des télécommunications</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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