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Threats</span></a><meta ></span> <span aria-label="breadcrumb separator">/</span> <span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a class="breadcrumb-link" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/identifying-threats/environmental-safety/"><span class="breadcrumb-link-text-wrap">Environmental Safety</span></a><meta ></span> <span aria-label="breadcrumb separator">/</span> <span class="breadcrumb-current-title">Breathing Space: The Role of Science in Urban Air Quality</span></div></div></header> <section class="hero-banner" style="background-image:url(https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/identifying-threats/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2024/07/iStock-1065178846_urbancrowd.jpg)"> </section> <div class="site-inner"><div class="content-sidebar-wrap"><main class="content"><article class="post-2476 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-environmental-safety tag-air-monitoring tag-air-pollution tag-air-quality tag-breatheasyfuture tag-clean-air tag-cleanairrevolution entry" aria-label="Breathing Space: The Role of Science in Urban Air Quality"><header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title">Breathing Space: The Role of Science in Urban Air Quality</h1> <span class="post-info-author"> By <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/identifying-threats/tf-author/whitney-hatcher/" title="Posts by Whitney Hatcher" rel="author">Whitney Hatcher, Environmental and Process Monitoring</a> </span> <span class="post-info-date"> 07.23.2024 </span> </header><div class="entry-content"><h2>Introduction</h2> <p>Imagine a city where every breath is a gulp of fresh, clean air—a seemingly utopian vision for the millions living in the world’s bustling urban centers. Yet, this vision is increasingly within our grasp, thanks to advances in ambient <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/solutions.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July">air quality monitoring</a>. As urban populations swell, the imperative to safeguard our skies has never been more critical. This post explores the science behind air quality monitoring and the transformative impact it can have on our cities and health.</p> <h2>The Urban Challenge</h2> <p>Urban areas are vibrant hubs of culture, innovation, and community. However, they also face unique environmental challenges. Traffic congestion, industrial activities, and high population densities contribute to air pollution levels that can exceed health-based <a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/what-are-the-who-air-quality-guidelines?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July">air quality guidelines</a>. Urban dwellers often find themselves at the mercy of particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and other harmful pollutants.</p> <p>Nitrogen Dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) is one of a group of highly reactive gases known as oxides of nitrogen or nitrogen oxides (NOx). NO<sub>2</sub> primarily gets in the air from the burning of fuel. NO<sub>2</sub> forms from emissions from cars, trucks and buses, power plants, and off-road equipment. According to the <a href="https://www.epa.gov/no2-pollution/basic-information-about-no2#What%20is%20NO2">US Environmental Protection Agency</a>, “Breathing air with a high concentration of NO<sub>2</sub> can irritate airways in the human respiratory system. Such exposures over short periods can aggravate respiratory diseases, particularly asthma, leading to respiratory symptoms (such as coughing, wheezing or difficulty breathing), hospital admissions and visits to emergency rooms. Longer exposures to elevated concentrations of NO<sub>2</sub> may contribute to the development of asthma and potentially increase susceptibility to respiratory infections.”</p> <p>Understanding and mitigating these pollutants require a comprehensive approach to monitoring, one that can decode the complex tapestry of urban air quality.</p> <h2>The Science of Air Quality Monitoring</h2> <p>At the heart of improving urban air quality lies the science of <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/solutions.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July">air quality monitoring</a>. This process involves the collection and analysis of air samples to measure the concentrations of various pollutants. Traditional and cutting-edge technologies alike are employed to detect everything from low levels of <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/solutions.html?cid=fl-ambientair?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July#nitrogen">nitrogen dioxide</a> to high concentrations of particulate matter.</p> <p>Depending on the type of gas targeted for monitoring and the data output desired, various <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July">air quality monitoring and analysis technologies</a> have been proven to effectively analyze ambient air and detect its components, including:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July#chemiluminescence">Chemiluminescence</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July#gc">Gas Chromatography (GC)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July#gfc">Gas Filter Correlation (GFC)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July#gas">Gas Scrubbing</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July#ndir">Non-Dispersive Infrared (NDIR) Technology</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July#optically">Optically Enhanced Fourier Transform Infrared (OE-FTIR)</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July#pulse">Pulsed Fluorescence Technology</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July#uv-photo">UV Photometry</a></li> </ul> <p>Innovations in data delivery systems and instrument design have also played a pivotal role, enabling more accurate, real-time insights into the air we breathe. These advancements provide a clearer picture of pollution sources and patterns, guiding effective interventions.</p> <h2>Global Efforts and Innovations</h2> <p>Around the globe, cities are turning to science and technology to breathe life into their air quality improvement efforts. From <a href="https://tfl.gov.uk/modes/driving/ultra-low-emission-zone">London’s Ultra Low Emission Zone</a> to <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/identifying-threats/how-seoul-metro-improves-indoor-air-quality-in-subway-stations?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July">Seoul’s network of air quality sensors</a>, urban centers are employing a mix of policy and technology to combat air pollution. These efforts often leverage real-time data to inform both policymakers and the public, driving changes that range from traffic management strategies to industrial emissions controls. Such initiatives underscore the potential of technology to not only monitor but also inspire action for cleaner air.</p> <h2>The Impact on Communities</h2> <p>The benefits of cleaner air extend far beyond the environmental sphere, touching every aspect of urban life. Improved air quality translates to significant public health benefits, reducing the incidence of respiratory diseases, cardiovascular conditions, and other pollution-related health issues. While effective <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July">air quality monitoring</a> is crucial for fostering a healthier, more sustainable urban environment, it’s important to recognize the specific applications of different monitoring tools and how they can provide accurate data so cities and communities can track air quality trends and make informed decisions. As communities become more involved in monitoring and improving their air quality, they also become advocates for change, contributing to a global movement towards cleaner, healthier cities.</p> <h2>Conclusion</h2> <p>The quest for cleaner urban air is a challenge that spans borders and disciplines, relying on the collective efforts of scientists, policymakers, and citizens. Through the lens of air quality monitoring, we gain not only insights into the state of our environment but also the tools to improve it. As we continue to innovate and implement solutions, the dream of breathing easy in our cities becomes more attainable. By staying informed and engaged, we can all contribute to the global effort to clear the air for future generations.</p> <p>Additional Resources:</p> <ul> <li>Online: <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/environmental/air-quality-analysis/ambient-gas-monitoring.html?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July">Technologies and Solutions for Improved Ambient Air Quality Monitoring</a></li> <li>Case Study: <a href="https://assets.thermofisher.com/TFS-Assets/CAD/Application-Notes/mercury-cems-case-study-taiwan.pdf?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July">Taiwan Addresses Ambient Air Pollution by Mercury with Advanced Technology and Pollution Countermeasures</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/identifying-threats/how-seoul-metro-improves-indoor-air-quality-in-subway-stations?icid=CAD_blog_safety_2024July">Blog article: How Seoul Metro Improves Indoor Air Quality in Subway Stations</a></li> </ul> <aside class="mashsb-container mashsb-main "><div 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