Office Application Startup: Office Test, Sub-technique T1137.002 - Enterprise

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Please switch to the <a href='https://github.com/mitre-attack/attack-workbench-taxii-server/blob/main/docs/USAGE.md'>TAXII 2.1 server</a> to ensure uninterrupted service. </div> </div> </div> <div class="row flex-grow-1 flex-shrink-0">   <div class="sidebar nav sticky-top flex-column pr-0 pt-4 pb-3 pl-3" id="v-tab" role="tablist" aria-orientation="vertical"> <div class="resizer" id="resizer"></div>  <div id="sidebars"></div>  </div> <div class="tab-content col-xl-9 pt-4" id="v-tabContent"> <div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-attckmatrix" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-attckmatrix-tab"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/versions/v16/">Home</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/versions/v16/techniques/enterprise">Techniques</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/versions/v16/techniques/enterprise">Enterprise</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137">Office Application Startup</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item">Office Test</li> </ol> <div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v--tab"></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xl-12"> <div class="jumbotron jumbotron-fluid"> <div class="container-fluid"> <h1 id=""> <span id="subtechnique-parent-name">Office Application Startup:</span> Office Test </h1> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8">  <div class="card-block pb-2"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header collapsed" id="subtechniques-card-header" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#subtechniques-card-body" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="subtechniques-card-body"> <h5 class="mb-0" id ="sub-techniques">Other sub-techniques of Office Application Startup (6)</h5> </div> <div id="subtechniques-card-body" class="card-body p-0 collapse" aria-labelledby="subtechniques-card-header"> <table class="table table-bordered"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">ID</th> <th scope="col">Name</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/001/" class="subtechnique-table-item" data-subtechnique_id="T1137.001"> T1137.001 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/001/" class="subtechnique-table-item" data-subtechnique_id="T1137.001"> Office Template Macros </a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="active"> T1137.002 </td> <td class="active"> Office Test </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/003/" class="subtechnique-table-item" data-subtechnique_id="T1137.003"> T1137.003 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/003/" class="subtechnique-table-item" data-subtechnique_id="T1137.003"> Outlook Forms </a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/004/" class="subtechnique-table-item" data-subtechnique_id="T1137.004"> T1137.004 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/004/" class="subtechnique-table-item" data-subtechnique_id="T1137.004"> Outlook Home Page </a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/005/" class="subtechnique-table-item" data-subtechnique_id="T1137.005"> T1137.005 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/005/" class="subtechnique-table-item" data-subtechnique_id="T1137.005"> Outlook Rules </a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/006/" class="subtechnique-table-item" data-subtechnique_id="T1137.006"> T1137.006 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/006/" class="subtechnique-table-item" data-subtechnique_id="T1137.006"> Add-ins </a> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="description-body"> <p>Adversaries may abuse the Microsoft Office "Office Test" Registry key to obtain persistence on a compromised system. An Office Test Registry location exists that allows a user to specify an arbitrary DLL that will be executed every time an Office application is started. This Registry key is thought to be used by Microsoft to load DLLs for testing and debugging purposes while developing Office applications. This Registry key is not created by default during an Office installation.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Hexacorn. (2014, April 16). Beyond good ol’ Run key, Part 10. Retrieved July 3, 2017."data-reference="Hexacorn Office Test"><sup><a href="http://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2014/04/16/beyond-good-ol-run-key-part-10/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Falcone, R. (2016, July 20). Technical Walkthrough: Office Test Persistence Method Used In Recent Sofacy Attacks. Retrieved July 3, 2017."data-reference="Palo Alto Office Test Sofacy"><sup><a href="https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/07/unit42-technical-walkthrough-office-test-persistence-method-used-in-recent-sofacy-attacks/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p><p>There exist user and global Registry keys for the Office Test feature, such as:</p><ul><li><code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office test\Special\Perf</code></li><li><code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Office test\Special\Perf</code></li></ul><p>Adversaries may add this Registry key and specify a malicious DLL that will be executed whenever an Office application, such as Word or Excel, is started.</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="row card-data" id="card-id"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">ID: </span>T1137.002 </div> </div>  <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Sub-technique of: </span> <a href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137">T1137</a> </div> </div>  <div id="card-tactics" class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"> <span data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="" data-test-ignore="true" data-original-title="The tactic objectives that the (sub-)technique can be used to accomplish">ⓘ</span> </div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Tactic:</span> <a href="/versions/v16/tactics/TA0003">Persistence</a> </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"> <span data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="" data-test-ignore="true" data-original-title="The system an adversary is operating within; could be an operating system or application">ⓘ</span> </div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Platforms: </span>Office Suite, Windows </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Version: </span>1.3 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Created: </span>07 November 2019 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Last Modified: </span>15 October 2024 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="text-center pt-2 version-button permalink"> <div class="live"> <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Permalink to this version of T1137.002" href="/versions/v16/techniques/T1137/002/" data-test-ignore="true">Version Permalink</a> </div> <div class="permalink"> <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Go to the live version of T1137.002" href="/techniques/T1137/002/" data-test-ignore="true">Live Version</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id ="examples">Procedure Examples</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table table-bordered table-alternate mt-2"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">ID</th> <th scope="col">Name</th> <th scope="col">Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0007"> G0007 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0007"> APT28 </a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/versions/v16/groups/G0007">APT28</a> has used the Office Test persistence mechanism within Microsoft Office by adding the Registry key <code>HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Office test\Special\Perf</code> to execute code.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Falcone, R. (2016, July 20). Technical Walkthrough: Office Test Persistence Method Used In Recent Sofacy Attacks. Retrieved July 3, 2017."data-reference="Palo Alto Office Test Sofacy"><sup><a href="https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/07/unit42-technical-walkthrough-office-test-persistence-method-used-in-recent-sofacy-attacks/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id ="mitigations">Mitigations</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table table-bordered table-alternate mt-2"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">ID</th> <th scope="col">Mitigation</th> <th scope="col">Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/mitigations/M1040"> M1040 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/mitigations/M1040"> Behavior Prevention on Endpoint </a> </td> <td> <p>On Windows 10, enable Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules to prevent Office applications from creating child processes and from writing potentially malicious executable content to disk. <span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Microsoft. (2021, July 2). Use attack surface reduction rules to prevent malware infection. Retrieved June 24, 2021."data-reference="win10_asr"><sup><a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/microsoft-365/security/defender-endpoint/attack-surface-reduction" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/mitigations/M1054"> M1054 </a> </td> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/mitigations/M1054"> Software Configuration </a> </td> <td> <p>Create the Registry key used to execute it and set the permissions to "Read Control" to prevent easy access to the key without administrator permissions or requiring Privilege Escalation.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Falcone, R. (2016, July 20). Technical Walkthrough: Office Test Persistence Method Used In Recent Sofacy Attacks. Retrieved July 3, 2017."data-reference="Palo Alto Office Test Sofacy"><sup><a href="https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/07/unit42-technical-walkthrough-office-test-persistence-method-used-in-recent-sofacy-attacks/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="detection">Detection</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table datasources-table table-bordered"> <thead> <tr> <th class="p-2" scope="col">ID</th> <th class="p-2 nowrap" scope="col">Data Source</th> <th class="p-2 nowrap" scope="col">Data Component</th> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Detects</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr class="datasource" id="uses-DS0017"> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/datasources/DS0017">DS0017</a> </td> <td class="nowrap"> <a href="/versions/v16/datasources/DS0017">Command</a> </td>  <td> <a href="/datasources/DS0017/#Command%20Execution">Command Execution</a> </td> <td> <p>Monitor executed commands and arguments that may abuse the Microsoft Office "Office Test" Registry key to obtain persistence on a compromised system.</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="datasource" id="uses-DS0022"> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/datasources/DS0022">DS0022</a> </td> <td class="nowrap"> <a href="/versions/v16/datasources/DS0022">File</a> </td>  <td> <a href="/datasources/DS0022/#File%20Creation">File Creation</a> </td> <td> <p>Monitor for newly constructed files that may abuse the Microsoft Office "Office Test" Registry key to obtain persistence on a compromised system.</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="datacomponent datasource" id="uses-DS0022-File Modification"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/datasources/DS0022/#File%20Modification">File Modification</a> </td> <td> <p>Monitor for changes made to files that may abuse the Microsoft Office "Office Test" Registry key to obtain persistence on a compromised system.</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="datasource" id="uses-DS0011"> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/datasources/DS0011">DS0011</a> </td> <td class="nowrap"> <a href="/versions/v16/datasources/DS0011">Module</a> </td>  <td> <a href="/datasources/DS0011/#Module%20Load">Module Load</a> </td> <td> <p>Monitor DLL/PE file events, specifically creation of these binary files as well as the loading of DLLs into processes. Look for DLLs that are not recognized or not normally loaded into a process.</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="datasource" id="uses-DS0009"> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/datasources/DS0009">DS0009</a> </td> <td class="nowrap"> <a href="/versions/v16/datasources/DS0009">Process</a> </td>  <td> <a href="/datasources/DS0009/#Process%20Creation">Process Creation</a> </td> <td> <p>Monitor newly executed processes that may abuse the Microsoft Office "Office Test" Registry key to obtain persistence on a compromised system.</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="datasource" id="uses-DS0024"> <td> <a href="/versions/v16/datasources/DS0024">DS0024</a> </td> <td class="nowrap"> <a href="/versions/v16/datasources/DS0024">Windows Registry</a> </td>  <td> <a href="/datasources/DS0024/#Windows%20Registry%20Key%20Creation">Windows Registry Key Creation</a> </td> <td> <p>Monitor for the creation of the Office Test Registry key. Collect events related to Registry key creation for keys that could be used for Office-based persistence. Since v13.52, Autoruns can detect tasks set up using the Office Test Registry key.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Falcone, R. (2016, July 20). Technical Walkthrough: Office Test Persistence Method Used In Recent Sofacy Attacks. Retrieved July 3, 2017."data-reference="Palo Alto Office Test Sofacy"><sup><a href="https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/07/unit42-technical-walkthrough-office-test-persistence-method-used-in-recent-sofacy-attacks/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="datacomponent datasource" id="uses-DS0024-Windows Registry Key Modification"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/datasources/DS0024/#Windows%20Registry%20Key%20Modification">Windows Registry Key Modification</a> </td> <td> <p>Monitor for changes made to the Office Test Registry key. Collect events related to Registry key modification for keys that could be used for Office-based persistence. Since v13.52, Autoruns can detect tasks set up using the Office Test Registry key.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Falcone, R. (2016, July 20). Technical Walkthrough: Office Test Persistence Method Used In Recent Sofacy Attacks. Retrieved July 3, 2017."data-reference="Palo Alto Office Test Sofacy"><sup><a href="https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/07/unit42-technical-walkthrough-office-test-persistence-method-used-in-recent-sofacy-attacks/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="references">References</h2> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <ol> <li> <span id="scite-1" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-1" href="http://www.hexacorn.com/blog/2014/04/16/beyond-good-ol-run-key-part-10/" target="_blank"> Hexacorn. (2014, April 16). Beyond good ol’ Run key, Part 10. Retrieved July 3, 2017. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-2" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-2" href="https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/07/unit42-technical-walkthrough-office-test-persistence-method-used-in-recent-sofacy-attacks/" target="_blank"> Falcone, R. (2016, July 20). Technical Walkthrough: Office Test Persistence Method Used In Recent Sofacy Attacks. Retrieved July 3, 2017. </a> </span> </span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="col"> <ol start="3.0"> <li> <span id="scite-3" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-3" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/microsoft-365/security/defender-endpoint/attack-surface-reduction" target="_blank"> Microsoft. (2021, July 2). Use attack surface reduction rules to prevent malware infection. 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