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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Toletzt ännert</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Kuntakt" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kuntakt"><span>Kuntakt</span></a></li><li id="n-Impressum" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Impressum"><span>Impressum</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:H%C3%B6%C3%B6ftsiet" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Dat fre’e Nakieksel" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-nds.svg" width="99" height="10" style="width: 6.1875em; height: 0.625em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spezial:S%C3%B6%C3%B6k" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Söken in dit Wiki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Söken</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Söken Wikipedia" aria-label="Söken Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Söken in dit Wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spezial:Söök"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Söken</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persönliche Warktüüch"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Erscheinungsbild"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Änderung des Aussehens der Schriftgröße, -breite und -farbe der Seite" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Erscheinungsbild" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Erscheinungsbild</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nds.wikipedia.org&uselang=nds" class=""><span>Spennen</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Brukerkonto_anleggen&returnto=Iesen" title="Wir ermutigen dich dazu, ein Benutzerkonto zu erstellen und dich anzumelden. Es ist jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich." class=""><span>Brukerkonto inrichten</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Anmellen&returnto=Iesen" title="Du kannst di geern anmellen, dat is aver nich nödig, dat du Sieden ännern kannst. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Anmellen</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Weitere Optionen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persönliche Warktüüch" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persönliche Warktüüch</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="Benutzermenü" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nds.wikipedia.org&uselang=nds"><span>Spennen</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Beitragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Brukerkonto_anleggen&returnto=Iesen" title="Wir ermutigen dich dazu, ein Benutzerkonto zu erstellen und dich anzumelden. Es ist jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Brukerkonto inrichten</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Anmellen&returnto=Iesen" title="Du kannst di geern anmellen, dat is aver nich nödig, dat du Sieden ännern kannst. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Anmellen</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Seiten für abgemeldete Benutzer <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BClp:Einf%C3%BChrung" aria-label="Erfahre mehr über das Bearbeiten"><span>Weitere Informationen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Miene_Diskuschoonssiet" title="Diskuschoon över Ännern vun disse IP-Adress [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuschoon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Website"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhaltsverzeichnis</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteken</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Anfang</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vörkamen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vörkamen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vörkamen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vörkamen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Afbo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Afbo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Afbo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Afbo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Winnen_un_Dorstellen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Winnen_un_Dorstellen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Winnen un Dorstellen</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Winnen_un_Dorstellen-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Unterabschnitt Winnen un Dorstellen umschalten</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Winnen_un_Dorstellen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ierzafbo_un_-verarbeiten" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ierzafbo_un_-verarbeiten"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Ierzafbo un -verarbeiten</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ierzafbo_un_-verarbeiten-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Produkschoon_in’n_Hoochaven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Produkschoon_in’n_Hoochaven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Produkschoon in’n Hoochaven</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Produkschoon_in’n_Hoochaven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Produkschoon_ahn_Hoochaven" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Produkschoon_ahn_Hoochaven"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Produkschoon ahn Hoochaven</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Produkschoon_ahn_Hoochaven-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egenschoppen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egenschoppen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Egenschoppen</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Egenschoppen-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Unterabschnitt Egenschoppen umschalten</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Egenschoppen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-physikaalsch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#physikaalsch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>physikaalsch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-physikaalsch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-cheemsch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#cheemsch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>cheemsch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-cheemsch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotopen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotopen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Isotopen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotopen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bioloogsche_Bedüden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bioloogsche_Bedüden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bioloogsche Bedüden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bioloogsche_Bedüden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medizinische_Bedüden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medizinische_Bedüden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Medizinische Bedüden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medizinische_Bedüden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bruuk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bruuk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bruuk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bruuk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nawies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nawies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Nawies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Nawies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Unterabschnitt Nawies umschalten</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Nawies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nawies_mit_Thioglykolsüür" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nawies_mit_Thioglykolsüür"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Nawies mit Thioglykolsüür</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nawies_mit_Thioglykolsüür-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nawies_mit_Hexacyanoferraten" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nawies_mit_Hexacyanoferraten"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Nawies mit Hexacyanoferraten</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nawies_mit_Hexacyanoferraten-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nawies_mit_Thiocyanaten" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nawies_mit_Thiocyanaten"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Nawies mit Thiocyanaten</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nawies_mit_Thiocyanaten-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verbinnen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verbinnen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Verbinnen</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Verbinnen-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Unterabschnitt Verbinnen umschalten</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Verbinnen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Weertigkeit_un_Oxidatschoonsstopen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weertigkeit_un_Oxidatschoonsstopen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Weertigkeit un Oxidatschoonsstopen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weertigkeit_un_Oxidatschoonsstopen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oxiden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oxiden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Oxiden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oxiden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Solten" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solten"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Solten</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solten-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wietere_Iesenverbinnen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wietere_Iesenverbinnen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.4</span> <span>Wietere Iesenverbinnen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wietere_Iesenverbinnen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Borns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Borns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Borns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Borns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Literatur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weblenken" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weblenken"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Weblenken</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weblenken-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Iesen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Zu einem Artikel in einer anderen Sprache gehen. Verfügbar in 219 Sprachen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-219" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">219 Spraaken</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iezer" title="Iezer – Niedersächsisch" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Iezer" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Niedersächsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uns beste"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yster" title="Yster – Afrikaansch" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Yster" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisen" title="Eisen – Swiezerdüütsch" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Eisen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Swiezerdüütsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A5%E1%88%A8%E1%89%B5" title="ብረት – Amhaarsch" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ብረት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhaarsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marad" title="Marad – Amisisch" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Marad" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amisisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fierro" title="Fierro – Aragoneesch" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Fierro" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoneesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AAsen" title="Īsen – Ooldengelsch" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Īsen" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Ooldengelsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE" title="लोहा – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="लोहा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uns beste"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="حديد – Araabsch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حديد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Araabsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A6%DC%AA%DC%99%DC%A0%DC%90" title="ܦܪܙܠܐ – Aramääsch" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܦܪܙܠܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramääsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="حديد – Marokkanisches Arabisch" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="حديد" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Marokkanisches Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="حديد – Ägyptisches Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حديد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Ägyptisches Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B" title="লো – Assameesch" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="লো" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assameesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fierro" title="Fierro – Asturiaansch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fierro" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturiaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azil" title="Azil – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Azil" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8" title="आइरन – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="आइरन" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%99mir" title="Dəmir – Aserbaidschaansch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dəmir" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="دمیر – Südaserbaidschanisch" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دمیر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="Südaserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тимер – Baschkiersch" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тимер" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baschkiersch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesi" title="Wesi – Balineesch" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Wesi" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balineesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel%C5%BE%C4%97s" title="Gelžės – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Gelžės" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakal" title="Bakal – Zentralbikolano" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bakal" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Zentralbikolano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Жалеза – Wittruss’sch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Жалеза" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Wittruss’sch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Жалеза – Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Жалеза" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Желязо – Bulgaarsch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Желязо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaarsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE" title="लोहा – Bihaarsch" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="लोहा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bihaarsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aien" title="Aien – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Aien" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasi" title="Wasi – Banjaresisch" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Wasi" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjaresisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%82%8F" title="ပသီႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ပသီႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE" title="লোহা – Bengaalsch" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লোহা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaalsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%95%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ལྕགས། – Tibeetsch" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལྕགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibeetsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houarn" title="Houarn – Bretoonsch" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Houarn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretoonsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Željezo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Түмэр – Russisches Burjatisch" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Түмэр" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russisches Burjatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro – Katalaansch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ferro" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C3%A9k" title="Tiék – Min Dong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Tiék" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Min Dong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yero" title="Yero – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Yero" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%94%E1%8E%B7%E1%8E%A9%E1%8F%8D%E1%8E%A9" title="ᏔᎷᎩᏍᎩ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏔᎷᎩᏍᎩ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%86" title="ئاسن – Zentraalkurdsch" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئاسن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Zentraalkurdsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferru" title="Ferru – Koorsch" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Ferru" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Koorsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDelezo" title="Železo – Tschech’sch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Železo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tschech’sch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%94%D0%BB%D1%A3%EA%99%81%D0%BE" title="Жєлѣꙁо – Karkenslaavsch" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Жєлѣꙁо" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Karkenslaavsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%C4%95%D1%80" title="Тимĕр – Tschuwasch’sch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тимĕр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tschuwasch’sch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haearn" title="Haearn – Waliesch" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Haearn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Waliesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jern" title="Jern – Däänsch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jern" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Däänsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurugu" title="Kurugu – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Kurugu" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uns beste"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisen" title="Eisen – Düütsch" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eisen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Düütsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%ABu" title="Wëu – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Wëu" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/As%C4%B1n" title="Asın – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Asın" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%8B%DE%A6%DE%8E%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%91%DE%AA" title="ދަގަނޑު – Maledievsch" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ދަގަނޑު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Maledievsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Σίδηρος – Greeksch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σίδηρος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greeksch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="lesenswerter Artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron" title="Iron – Engelsch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Iron" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engelsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="lesenswerter Artikel"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fero" title="Fero – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierro" title="Hierro – Spaansch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hierro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raud" title="Raud – Eestnisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Raud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Eestnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burdina" title="Burdina – Basksch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Burdina" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basksch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierru" title="Hierru – Extremadurisch" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Hierru" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremadurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%87%D9%86" title="آهن – Pers’sch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آهن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Pers’sch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauta" title="Rauta – Finnsch" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rauta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raud" title="Raud – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Raud" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aironi" title="Aironi – Fidschiaansch" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Aironi" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fidschiaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarn" title="Jarn – Färöösch" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Jarn" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Färöösch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A0n" title="Gàn – Fon" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Gàn" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="Fon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer" title="Fer – Franzöösch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Franzöösch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="lesenswerter Artikel"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A4lj" title="Stälj – Noordfreesch" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Stälj" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noordfreesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fier" title="Fier – Friuulsch" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Fier" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuulsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izer" title="Izer – Westfreesch" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Izer" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Westfreesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iarann" title="Iarann – Iersch" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iarann" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iersch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%90%B5" title="鐵 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="鐵" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A8" title="Fè – Französisch-Guayana Kreolisch" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Fè" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Französisch-Guayana Kreolisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iarann" title="Iarann – Schottsch Gäälsch" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Iarann" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Schottsch Gäälsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro – Galizisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ferro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itakandua" title="Itakandua – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Itakandua" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A3" title="लोखण – Goa-Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="लोखण" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goa-Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuwate" title="Wuwate – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Wuwate" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A1" title="લોખંડ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="લોખંડ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yiarn" title="Yiarn – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yiarn" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiet" title="Thiet – Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thiet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%96%D7%9C" title="ברזל – Hebrääsch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ברזל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrääsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE" title="लोहा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लोहा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loha" title="Loha – Fidschi-Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Loha" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fidschi-Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uns beste"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo – Kroaatsch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Željezo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaatsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A8_(non)" title="Fè (non) – Haitiaansch-Kreoolsch" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Fè (non)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitiaansch-Kreoolsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vas" title="Vas – Ungaarsch" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vas" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungaarsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A9" title="Երկաթ – Armeensch" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երկաթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeensch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ferro" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besi" title="Besi – Indoneesch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Besi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferre" title="Ferre – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Ferre" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BA" title="Аьшк – Ingusch’sch" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Аьшк" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingusch’sch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fero" title="Fero – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fero" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A1rn" title="Járn – Ieslandsch" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Járn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Ieslandsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro – Italieensch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ferro" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italieensch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%84" title="鉄 – Japaansch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="鉄" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayan" title="Ayan – Jamaikanisch-Kreolisch" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ayan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaikanisch-Kreolisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/tirse" title="tirse – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="tirse" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesi" title="Wesi – Javaansch" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wesi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="რკინა – Georgsch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რკინა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temir" title="Temir – Karakalpaksch" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Temir" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Karakalpaksch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzzal" title="Uzzal – Kabyylsch" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Uzzal" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyylsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91%C9%A9%C9%A3t%CA%8A_%C3%B1%C9%A9%C9%A3%C9%96%C9%9B" title="Ñɩɣtʊ ñɩɣɖɛ – Kabiyé" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ñɩɣtʊ ñɩɣɖɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiyé" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibende" title="Kibende – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kibende" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron" title="Iron – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Iron" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80" title="Темір – Kasach’sch" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Темір" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kasach’sch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A3" title="ಕಬ್ಬಿಣ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಬ್ಬಿಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%A0" title="철 – Koreaansch" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="철" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A7%D1%80%D1%82" title="Кӧрт – Komipermjaksch" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Кӧрт" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komipermjaksch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A0%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%95%D8%B1" title="شؠشتٕر – Kaschmiersch" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="شؠشتٕر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kaschmiersch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisen" title="Eisen – Kölsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Eisen" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Kölsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hesin" title="Hesin – Kurdsch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hesin" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A7%D1%80%D1%82" title="Кӧрт – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Кӧрт" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn" title="Horn – Koornsch" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Horn" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Koornsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Темир – Kirgiesch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Темир" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrum" title="Ferrum – Latiensch" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ferrum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latiensch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisen" title="Eisen – Luxemborgsch" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Eisen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemborgsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Мах – Lakisch" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Мах" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lakisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8C" title="Ракь – Lesgisch" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Ракь" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lesgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fero" title="Fero – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Fero" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kkalwe_(Iron)" title="Kkalwe (Iron) – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Kkalwe (Iron)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iezer" title="Iezer – Limborgsch" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Iezer" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limborgsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A6ro" title="Færo – Ligurisch" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Færo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer" title="Fer – Ladinisch" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Fer" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladinisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer" title="Fer – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Fer" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebend%C3%A9" title="Ebendé – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ebendé" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81" title="ທາດເຫຼັກ – Laootsch" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ທາດເຫຼັກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laootsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gele%C5%BEis" title="Geležis – Litausch" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Geležis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litausch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzelzs" title="Dzelzs – Lettsch" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dzelzs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE" title="लोहा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="लोहा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кшни – Mokscha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Кшни" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Mokscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vy" title="Vy – Madagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Vy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Madagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rino" title="Rino – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Rino" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basi" title="Basi – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Basi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Железо – Mazedoonsch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Железо" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Mazedoonsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇരുമ്പ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇരുമ്പ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Төмөр (химийн элемент) – Mongoolsch" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Төмөр (химийн элемент)" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongoolsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A0" title="ꯌꯣꯠ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯌꯣꯠ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="लोखंड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लोखंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Besi" title="Besi – Malaisch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Besi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A6adid" title="Ħadid – Malteesch" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ħadid" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malteesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B6_(%E1%80%9E%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF)" title="သံ (သတ္တု) – Birmaansch" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သံ (သတ္တု)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кшни – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Кшни" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tliltic_tepoztli" title="Tliltic tepoztli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tliltic tepoztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fierro" title="Fierro – Neapolitaansch" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Fierro" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="फलाम – Nepaleesch" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="फलाम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepaleesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%81" title="नँ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="नँ" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJzer_(element)" title="IJzer (element) – Nedderlandsch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="IJzer (element)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nedderlandsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jern" title="Jern – Norweegsch Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Jern" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norweegsch Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jern" title="Jern – Norweegsch Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jern" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norweegsch Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9" title="Fé – Normannisch" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Fé" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Normannisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9%C3%A9sh_(Fe)" title="Béésh (Fe) – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Béésh (Fe)" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A8rre" title="Fèrre – Okzitaansch" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fèrre" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Okzitaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raudu" title="Raudu – Olonetzisch" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Raudu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Olonetzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayinanii" title="Ayinanii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Ayinanii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BE" title="ଲୁହା – Orija" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଲୁହା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Orija" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86%D1%84%D1%81%C3%A6%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Æфсæйнаг – Ossetsch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Æфсæйнаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE" title="ਲੋਹਾ – Pandschabsch" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲੋਹਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandschabsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heru" title="Heru – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Heru" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiyen" title="Aiyen – Pitcairn-Englisch" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Aiyen" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBelazo" title="Żelazo – Poolsch" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Żelazo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poolsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer" title="Fer – Piemontesisch" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Fer" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piemontesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DB%81%D8%A7" title="لوہا – Westliches Panjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لوہا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Westliches Panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%86%D9%87" title="وسپنه – Paschtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="وسپنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paschtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferro" title="Ferro – Portugeesch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ferro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugeesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khillay" title="Khillay – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Khillay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fier" title="Fier – Rumäänsch" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fier" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumäänsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heru" title="Heru – Aromuunsch" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Heru" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromuunsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Железо – Russ’sch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Железо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russ’sch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%97%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Желїзо – Russinisch" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Желїзо" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Russinisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%83" title="अयः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="अयः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Тимир – Jakuutsch" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тимир" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakuutsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%AC%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%AB" title="ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferru" title="Ferru – Sardsch" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ferru" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferru" title="Ferru – Siziliaansch" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ferru" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siziliaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airn" title="Airn – Schottsch" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Airn" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schottsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DA%BE" title="لوھ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="لوھ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDeljezo" title="Željezo – Serbokroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Željezo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbokroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%A9" title="යකඩ – Singhaleesch" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="යකඩ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singhaleesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron" title="Iron – einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Iron" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDelezo" title="Železo – Slowaaksch" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Železo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaksch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uns beste"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDelezo" title="Železo – Sloweensch" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Železo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweensch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryevdi" title="Ryevdi – Inari-Lappsch" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Ryevdi" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari-Lappsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utare" title="Utare – Schona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Utare" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Schona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xadiid" title="Xadiid – Somaalsch" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Xadiid" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somaalsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hekuri" title="Hekuri – Albaansch" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hekuri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaansch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%92%D0%B5" title="Гвожђе – Serbsch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гвожђе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iersen" title="Iersen – Saterfriesisch" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Iersen" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beusi" title="Beusi – Sundaneesch" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Beusi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundaneesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4rn" title="Järn – Sweedsch" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Järn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweedsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuma" title="Chuma – Suaheli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Chuma" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Suaheli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="இரும்பு – Tamilsch" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இரும்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81" title="ಕರ್ಬೊದ ಅದುರು – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಕರ್ಬೊದ ಅದುರು" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81" title="ఇనుము – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇనుము" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Оҳан – Tadschiksch" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Оҳан" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadschiksch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81" title="เหล็ก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เหล็ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakal" title="Bakal – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bakal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demir" title="Demir – Törksch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Demir" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Törksch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тимер – Tataarsch" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тимер" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataarsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%85%DB%88%D8%B1" title="تۆمۈر – Uiguursch" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تۆمۈر" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uiguursch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BE" title="Залізо – Ukrainsch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Залізо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DB%81%D8%A7" title="لوہا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لوہا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temir" title="Temir – Usbeeksch" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Temir" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Usbeeksch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fero" title="Fero – Venetisch" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Fero" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raud" title="Raud – Wepsisch" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Raud" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Wepsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BA%AFt" title="Sắt – Vietnameesch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sắt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnameesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yzer_(element)" title="Yzer (element) – Westflämisch" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Yzer (element)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="Westflämisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferin" title="Ferin – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Ferin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fier" title="Fier – Walloonsch" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Fier" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloonsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puthaw" title="Puthaw – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Puthaw" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="铁" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%80" title="Төмр – Kalmücksch" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Төмр" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmücksch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="რკინა – Mingrelisch" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რკინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9F" title="אייזן – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אייזן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron" title="Iron – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Iron" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diet" title="Diet – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Diet" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%A3%E2%B5%A3%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D" title="ⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ – Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵓⵣⵣⴰⵍ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁 – Chineesch" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="铁" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chineesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%90%B5" title="鐵 – Klassisches Chinesisch" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鐵" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Klassisches Chinesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thih" title="Thih – Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thih" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%90%B5" title="鐵 – Kantonesisch" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鐵" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insimbi" title="Insimbi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Insimbi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q677#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Interspraaklenken ännern" class="wbc-editpage">Linken ännern</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamrüüm"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Iesen" title="Siet ankieken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Siet</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuschoon:Iesen" rel="discussion" title="Diskuschoon över disse Siet [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuschoon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Sprachvariante ändern" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Plattdüütsch</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Ansichten"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Iesen"><span>Lesen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit" title="Disse Siet ännern [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Ännern</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit" title="Bornkoood vun düsse Siet ännern [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=history" title="Historie vun disse Siet. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Historie bekieken</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Seitenwerkzeuge"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Warktüüch" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Warktüüch</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Warktüüch</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteken</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Weitere Optionen" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Aktionen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Iesen"><span>Lesen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit" title="Disse Siet ännern [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Ännern</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit" title="Bornkoood vun düsse Siet ännern [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=history"><span>Historie bekieken</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Wat_wiest_hier_hen/Iesen" title="Wat wiest hierher [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Wat linkt na disse Siet</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:%C3%84nnern_an_lenkte_Sieden/Iesen" rel="nofollow" title="Verlinkte Sieden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Ännern an linkt Sieden</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nds" title="Biller oder Mediendatein hoochladen [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Hoochladen</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Spezialsieden" title="List vun alle Spezialsieden [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Sünnerliche Sieden</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&oldid=1022630" title="Permanentlenk na disse Version vun de Siet"><span>Duurlink</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=info" title="Weitere Informationen über diese Seite"><span>Siedeninformatschonen</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Ziteerhelp&page=Iesen&id=1022630&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Hinweise, wie diese Seite zitiert werden kann"><span>Disse Siet ziteren</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:URL-K%C3%BCrzung&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnds.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIesen"><span>Gekürzte URL abrufen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnds.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIesen"><span>QR-Code runterladen</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Drück/drag ut </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q677" title="Link zum verbundenen Objekt im Datenrepositorium [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata Saak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Seitenwerkzeuge"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Erscheinungsbild"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" 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#fafafa; padding: 1px 1em; border-bottom: 1px solid #afafaf; font-size: 92%; margin-top: -1em;"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Disambig.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/16px-Disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/24px-Disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/32px-Disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="183" /></a></span> Dit Woort hett noch annere Bedüden: kiek dorför ünner <a href="/wiki/Iesen_(Bruuk)" title="Iesen (Bruuk)">Iesen (Bruuk)</a>. </p> </div> <table class="Elementbox Tabell rechts Elementbox-Overgangselement" border="1"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold;">26</span> </td> <td align="center" style="padding-left: 2em;"><span style="font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mn</a></span> ← <span style="font-size: 120%;">Iesen</span> → <span style="font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size: 95%;">nix</span><br />↑<br /><span style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold;">Fe</span><br />↓<br /><span style="font-size: 95%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruthenium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruthenium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ru</a></span> </td> <td> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Fe-TableImage.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Fe-TableImage.svg/300px-Fe-TableImage.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Fe-TableImage.svg/450px-Fe-TableImage.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Fe-TableImage.svg/600px-Fe-TableImage.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="671" data-file-height="195" /></a></span><div align="center"><a href="/wiki/Periodensystem" title="Periodensystem">Periodensystem</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Allgemeen </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cheemsch_Element#List_vun_de_Elementen_na_Naam" title="Cheemsch Element">Naam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atomteken" title="Atomteken">Teken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atomtall" title="Atomtall">Atomtall</a> </td> <td>Iesen, Fe, 26 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cheemsch_Serie" title="Cheemsch Serie">Cheemsch Serie</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%96vergangselement" title="Övergangselement">Övergangselement</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kl%C3%B6%C3%B6r" title="Klöör">Klöör</a></td> <td>sülvern mit’n Slag grau </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Atommass" title="Atommass">Atommass</a></td> <td>55,845 <a href="/wiki/Atomare_Masseneenheit" title="Atomare Masseneenheit">u</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektronenkonfiguratschoon" title="Elektronenkonfiguratschoon">Elektronenkonfiguratschoon</a></td> <td>[<a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a>]3d<sup>6</sup>4s<sup>2</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">Elektronen</a> je <a href="/wiki/Elektronenschaal" title="Elektronenschaal">Schaal</a></td> <td>2, 8, 14, 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Physikaalsche Egenschoppen </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phaas_(Materie)" title="Phaas (Materie)">Phaas</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Faststoff" title="Faststoff">Faststoff</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dicht" title="Dicht">Dicht</a></td> <td>7,86 g·cm<sup>−3</sup><br />(bi <a href="/wiki/Ruumtemperatur" title="Ruumtemperatur">RT</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6ltpunkt" title="Smöltpunkt">Smöltpunkt</a></td> <td>1811 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a><br />(1.538 <a href="/wiki/Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius">°C</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kaakpunkt" title="Kaakpunkt">Kaakpunkt</a></td> <td>3023 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a><br />(2.750<a href="/wiki/Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius">°C</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Atomare Egenschoppen </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristallstruktur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristallstruktur (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Kristallstruktur</a></td> <td>kubisch ruumzentreert </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/Ionisatschoonsenergie" title="Ionisatschoonsenergie">Ionisatschoonsenergien</a> </td> <td>1.: 762,5 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>2.: 1561,9 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>3.: 2957 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Atomradius" title="Atomradius">Atomradius</a></td> <td>140 <a href="/wiki/Meter" title="Meter">pm</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Annere Egenschoppen </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Isotopen (Utwahl) </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table class="Tabell" width="100%"> <caption>Hööftartikel: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isotopen_vun_Iesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isotopen vun Iesen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Isotopen vun Iesen</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">Iso</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6rkamen_in_de_Natur" title="Vörkamen in de Natur">VN</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Halfweertstiet" title="Halfweertstiet">t<sub>½</sub></a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Radioaktivit%C3%A4t" title="Radioaktivität">VO</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Verfallsenergie" title="Verfallsenergie">VE</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Elektronenvolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronenvolt">MeV</a>)</small> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Verfallsprodukt" title="Verfallsprodukt">VP</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><sup>54</sup>Fe </td> <td rowspan="1">5,8 % </td> <td rowspan="1">>3,1 · 10<sup>22</sup> <a href="/wiki/Johr" title="Johr">a</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dubbelt_Elektroneninfang" title="Dubbelt Elektroneninfang">ε ε</a> </td> <td>? </td> <td><sup>54</sup><a href="/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom">Cr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><sup>55</sup>Fe </td> <td rowspan="1">nee </td> <td rowspan="1">2,73 a </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektroneninfang" title="Elektroneninfang">ε</a> </td> <td>0,231 </td> <td><sup>55</sup><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><sup>56</sup>Fe </td> <td>91,72 % </td> <td colspan="4"><i>Fe</i> is mit 30 <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">Neutronen</a> bestännig. </td></tr> <tr> <td><sup>57</sup>Fe </td> <td>2,2 % </td> <td colspan="4"><i>Fe</i> is mit 31 <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">Neutronen</a> bestännig. </td></tr> <tr> <td><sup>58</sup>Fe </td> <td>0,28 % </td> <td colspan="4"><i>Fe</i> is mit 32 <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">Neutronen</a> bestännig. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><sup>59</sup>Fe </td> <td rowspan="1">nee </td> <td rowspan="1">44,503 <a href="/wiki/Dag" title="Dag">d</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Betaverfall" title="Betaverfall">β<sup>-</sup></a> </td> <td>1,565 </td> <td><sup>59</sup><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1"><sup>60</sup>Fe </td> <td rowspan="1">nee </td> <td rowspan="1">1,5 · 10<sup>6</sup> a </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Betaverfall" title="Betaverfall">β<sup>-</sup></a> </td> <td>3,978 </td> <td><sup>60</sup><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Iesen</b> is en <a href="/wiki/Cheemsch_Element" title="Cheemsch Element">cheemsch Element</a> ut dat <a href="/wiki/Periodensystem" title="Periodensystem">Periodensystem</a>, dat to de Grupp vun de <a href="/wiki/%C3%96vergangsmetall" class="mw-redirect" title="Övergangsmetall">Övergangsmetallen</a> tellt. Dat <a href="/wiki/Atomteken" title="Atomteken">Atomteken</a> vun Iesen is <b>Fe</b> – afleidt vun <i>ferrum</i>, dat <a href="/wiki/Latiensch" class="mw-redirect" title="Latiensch">latiensche</a> Woort för Iesen. De Atomtall vun Iesen is 26. </p><p>Industriell is Iesen een vun de wichtigsten Materialen. In’n Tosamenhang mit de industriellen Produkschoon is mit <i>Iesen</i> normalerwies de Warkstoff <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gussiesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gussiesen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Gussiesen</a></i> meent, wiel <i><a href="/wiki/Stahl" class="mw-redirect" title="Stahl">Stahl</a></i> tyypscherwies as Iesenmetall betekent warrt. Ok Stahl besteiht to’n gröttsten Deel ut Iesen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Historie"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nawiesen för den Bruuk vun Iesen in de verschedenen Kulturen dör <a href="/wiki/Arch%C3%A4ologie" title="Archäologie">archäoloogsche</a> Funnen gifft dat gegenöver Funnen ut de <a href="/wiki/Bronzetiet" title="Bronzetiet">Bronzetiet</a> teemlich wenig. To’n een weer Iesen in de öllsten Perioden vun de Historie nich veel bruukt, to’n annern hett Iesen de Egenoort an fuchtige Luft, in Water un in de natten Eer to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korrosion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korrosion (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">russen</a>. Dordör sünd vele Reedschoppen verloren gahn. Blots sünnere Ümstännen hinnert den Verlust vun olle Reedschoppen. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Iron-meteorite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Iron-meteorite.jpg/220px-Iron-meteorite.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Iron-meteorite.jpg/330px-Iron-meteorite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Iron-meteorite.jpg/440px-Iron-meteorite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1064" data-file-height="1064" /></a><figcaption>Schören vun en Iesen-Meteorit</figcaption></figure> <p>Iesen weer al in Bruuk noch vör den Anfang vun de <a href="/wiki/Iesentiet" title="Iesentiet">Iesentiet</a>, also noch vördem de Minschen lehrt harrn, Iesen ut <a href="/wiki/Ierz" title="Ierz">Ierz</a> to winnen. Vörher geev dat blots dat Iesen vun de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteorit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteorit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Meteoriten</a>, dat an sien tyypschen <a href="/wiki/Nickel_(Metall)" title="Nickel (Metall)">Nickel</a>-Andeel vun 5 bit 18 % to kennen is un as <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteoriesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteoriesen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Meteoriesen</a></i> betekent warrt. Dit „Himmelsiesen“ weer bannig roor un dormit ok bannig weertvull un is vör allen för Kultsaken un Smuck bruukt worrn. To’n Bispeel weern in’t <a href="/wiki/Oolt_%C3%84gypten" title="Oolt Ägypten">Olle Ägypten</a> Smuckperlen ut Meteoriesen ut vördynastische Tiet in twee Gräver funnen, de en Nickelandeel vun 7,5 % hebbt.<sup id="cite_ref-Johannsen1953-38_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johannsen1953-38-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De öllsten Funnen ut Meteoriesen sünd ut <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamien" title="Mesopotamien">Mesopotamien</a> bekannt, woneem de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumerer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumerer (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sumerer</a> leevt hebbt. Ünner annern is in de Stadt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ur (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ur</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pook (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Pook</a> mit en Kling ut Meteoriesen (10,8 % Ni) funnen worrn, den sien Greep mit Gold beleggt is. Disse Pook is so üm un bi 3100 v. Chr. herstellt worrn.<sup id="cite_ref-Johannsen1953-40_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johannsen1953-40-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Liekers mutt de Bruuk vun nickelfree Iesen, dat also vun de Eer stammt, ok al fröh bekannt wesen hebben. In Mesopotamien is dat beleggt dör en nickelfre’en Iesenpook mit Bronzegreep ut de Tiet twüschen 3000 und 2700 v. Chr.<sup id="cite_ref-Johannsen1953-40_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johannsen1953-40-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De ollen Ägypters mööt ok al üm 2600 v. Chr. mit Iesen vun de Eer arbeit hebben, wat dör en Iesenmess in de Fogen vun de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cheopspyramid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cheopspyramid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Cheopspyramid</a><sup id="cite_ref-Johannsen1953-38_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johannsen1953-38-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nawiest is. En annern Fund stammt ut en Graff bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abydos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abydos (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Abydos</a> (2347–2216 v. Chr.), de as nickelfree bestimmt warrn künn, bi den aver nich kloor is, wat de Sinn vun de vullstännig verruste Reedschoop weer. Op <a href="/wiki/Kreta" title="Kreta">Kreta</a> laat sik mit Iesenslacken ut de Tiet üm 2000 v. Chr. fröhe Sporen vun’t Iesenverhütten nawiesen. </p><p>Ut de Opteken vun de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hethiter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hethiter (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Hethiter</a> in Zentralanatolien warrt düütlich, dat Iesen al to de Tiet vun König <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anitta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anitta (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Anitta</a> (ca. 1800 v. Chr.) bekannt weer, un dat Verhütten vun Iesen tomindst siet 1300 v. Chr.<sup id="cite_ref-Johannsen1953-44_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johannsen1953-44-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In’t Olle Ägypten un in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerar (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Gerar</a> (Palästina) weer’t Iesenverhütten ruchweg af 1000 v. Chr. bekannt. Ofschoonst Iesen to de Tiet mehr un mehr bruukt worrn is, hett dat de Bronze aver nich gliek aflööst. De Övergang vun de <a href="/wiki/Bronzetiet" title="Bronzetiet">Bronzetiet</a> to de <a href="/wiki/Iesentiet" title="Iesentiet">Iesentiet</a> keem üm 1200 v. Chr. De Grund mach in de beteren Materialegenschopp för Wapen liggen, man villicht weer ok dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zinn (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Zinn</a>, wat för de Bronze bruukt warrt, ok nich mehr noog to finnen. </p><p>De öllsten europääschen Reedschoppen ut Iesen weern bi <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a> funnen un stammt ut dat 9. oder 10. Johrhunnert v. Chr. De öllste bekannte Iesenfund in Düütschland stammt ut de Tiet üm 800 v. Chr.<sup id="cite_ref-VDI1970-5_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VDI1970-5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Düütschland weer aver eerst mit de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lat%C3%A8netiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latènetiet (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Latènetiet</a> de eerste Hoochkultur mit tallrieke Plätz to’n Iesenverhütten un Iesenfunnen. </p><p>De <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoochaven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoochaven (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Hoochaven</a> weer üm 550 v. Chr. utklamüstert. Nun künn ok <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gussiesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gussiesen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Gussiesen</a> herstellt warrn. Dit Verfohren weer in Europa eerst veel later in’t <a href="/wiki/13._Johrhunnert" title="13. Johrhunnert">13. Johrhunnert</a> entwickelt. Bit in’t <a href="/wiki/18._Johrhunnert" title="18. Johrhunnert">18. Johrhunnert</a> weern in Europa dorgegen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rennaven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rennaven (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Rennavens</a> begäng oder Rennwarken mit ansloten <a href="/w/index.php?title=Smeed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smeed (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Smeden</a>. Mit dit Verfohren keem aver keen fletig Rohiesen tostannen, vunwegen dat disse Avens blots Temperaturen twüschen 1000 un 1200 °C bröcht hebbt. De Smöltpunkt vun rein Iesen liggt aver bi 1538 °C. Mit dat Verhütten vun Iesen weer aver ok mehr un mehr <a href="/w/index.php?title=Holtkahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holtkahl (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Holtkahl</a> bruukt, wat to’n Bispeel in Grootbritannien to’n Rüchgang vun de Woolden föhren de. Dorüm is vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Darby_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Darby II (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Abraham Darby</a> Kahl, oder nauer dat Produkt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koks (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Koks</a> as ne’en Brennstoff entwickelt worrn. Disse Ümstellen gellt tosamen mit de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dampmaschien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dampmaschien (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Dampmaschien</a> as Anfang vun de <a href="/wiki/Industrielle_Revolutschoon" title="Industrielle Revolutschoon">Industrielle Revolutschoon</a>. De Hüttenwarken hebbt toeerst vör allen Gussiesen produzeert, later den ok Smeediesen, as dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Puddelverfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Puddelverfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Puddelverfohren</a> inföhrt weer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vörkamen"><span id="V.C3.B6rkamen"></span>Vörkamen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Vörkamen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Vörkamen"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Raseneisenstein.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Raseneisenstein.jpg/220px-Raseneisenstein.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Raseneisenstein.jpg/330px-Raseneisenstein.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Raseneisenstein.jpg/440px-Raseneisenstein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1457" data-file-height="1367" /></a><figcaption>En Muur ut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raseniesensteen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raseniesensteen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Raseniesensteenstücken</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Banded_Iron_Formation_Barberton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Banded_Iron_Formation_Barberton.jpg/220px-Banded_Iron_Formation_Barberton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Banded_Iron_Formation_Barberton.jpg/330px-Banded_Iron_Formation_Barberton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Banded_Iron_Formation_Barberton.jpg/440px-Banded_Iron_Formation_Barberton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2732" data-file-height="1608" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A4nnerierz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bännerierz (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Bännerierz</a> ut Süüdafrika</figcaption></figure> <p>Iesen steiht in de Reeg vun de <i>relativen Männigkeit vun de Elementen betogen op Silizium</i> in’t Universum mit 8,3 · 10<sup>5</sup> Atomen op 1 · 10<sup>6</sup> Siliziumatomen an negente Steed. De <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karnfusion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karnfusion (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Karnfusion</a> in de Steerns höört bi’t Iesen op, vunwegen dat bi de Fusion to högere Elementen keen Energie mehr freesett, man in’t Gegendeel verbruukt warrt. Sworere Elementen entstaht endotherm bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Supernova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supernova (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Supernovaexplosionen</a>. </p><p>In de Reeg vun de <i>Elementmännigkeit na Massenandeel</i> steiht Iesen an de tweeten Steed op de Eer mit en Andeel vun 28,8 %. In de kontinentalen <a href="/wiki/Eerdk%C3%B6st" title="Eerdköst">Eerdköst</a> is Iesen mit 5,63 % an’n 4. Steed, man de Wetenschop geiht dorvun ut, dat de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eerdkarn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eerdkarn (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Eerdkarn</a> to’n gröttsten Deel ut Iesen (mit <a href="/wiki/Nickel_(Metall)" title="Nickel (Metall)">Nickel</a>) besteiht. Dat Iesen in fletigen buteren Eerdkarn warrt butendem ok as Born för dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eerdmagnetfeld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eerdmagnetfeld (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Eerdmagnetfeld</a> ansehn, dat dör thermisch andreven Konvekschoonsströöm tüügt warrt. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raseniesensteen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raseniesensteen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Raseniesensteen</a> un apen liggen Ierzen weern de eersten Vörkamen, de vun Minschen afboet weern. Vundaag warrt vör allen dat 40-prozentigie Magnetiesenierz afboet. Dat wichtigste Mineral, ut dat Iesen wunnen warrt, is de <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4matit" title="Hämatit">Hämatit</a>, dat vör allen ut Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> besteiht. De gröttsten Iesenvörkamen sünd de so nöömten <i>Banded Iron Formations</i> (BIF oder <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A4nnerierz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bännerierz (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Bännerierz</a>), de ok as Takonit oder Itabirit betekent warrt un vör allen de Mineralen Hämatit un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Magnetit</a> bargt. </p><p>In roor Fäll kummt Iesen op de Eer ok <a href="/wiki/Gediegen" title="Gediegen">gediegen</a> vör, tomeist in Form vun lütte Blasen in’n ümliggen Steen, aver ok as massige Mineral-Aggregaten mit bit to 25 t Gewicht<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Dorüm is dat ok as <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">Mineral</a> ansehn. De <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Mineralogical_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Mineralogical Association (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">International Mineralogical Association</a> (IMA) föhrt dat na de Strunz-Systematik ünner de System-Tall „1.AE.05“ (Elementen – Metallen un intermetallsche Verbinnen – Iesen-Chrom-Familie),<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Na dat System vun Dana warrt Iesen ünner de System-Tall „1.1.11.0“ föhrt. Gediegen Iesen künn weltwiet an 120 Fundöörd nawiest warrn, wobi aver de grote Mehrheit vun Meteoriten stammt in de Varietät <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamacit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamacit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Kamacit</a> vörliggt.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ünner Normalbedingen kristalliseert Iesen in’t kubische <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristallsystem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristallsystem (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Kristallsystem</a> un hett afhangig vun de Reinheit en <a href="/wiki/Mohshard" title="Mohshard">Mohshard</a> twüschen 4 un 5<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> un en stahlgraue bit swarte Klöör. De <a href="/wiki/Streekkl%C3%B6%C3%B6r" title="Streekklöör">Streekklöör</a> is ok grau. Wegen de Reakschoon mit Water is gediegen Iesen aver nich bestännig. Dorüm kummt dat tomeist in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Legeren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legeren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Legeren</a> mit <a href="/wiki/Nickel_(Metall)" title="Nickel (Metall)">Nickel</a> vör, to’n een as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamacit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamacit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Kamacit</a> (4-7,5 % Ni) oder as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taenit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taenit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Taenit</a> (20-50 % Ni) in Iesenmeteoriten oder in <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">Basalt</a> vör, wo dat mitünner to en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Redukschoon_(Chemie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Redukschoon (Chemie) (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Redukschoon</a> kummt. Iesen mit en lüttere Nickelandeelen warrt as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Variet%C3%A4t_(Mineralogie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Varietät (Mineralogie) (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Varietät</a> dorvun ansehn un as <i>Josephinit</i> betekent,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> wat aver ok en Synonym vun’t Mineral <a href="/w/index.php?title=Awaruit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Awaruit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Awaruit</a> (Ni<sub>3</sub>Fe) is. </p><p>Iesenierz finnt een dorgegen teemlich faken. Wichtige Mineralen sünd hier <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4matit" title="Hämatit">Hämatit</a> (<i>Rootiesensteen</i>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Magnetit</a> (<i>Magnetiesensteen</i>, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyrrhotin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyrrhotin (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Pyrrhotin</a> (<i>Magnetkies</i>, FeS) un <a href="/wiki/Pyrit" title="Pyrit">Pyrit</a> (<i>Iesenkies</i>, FeS<sub>2</sub>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siderit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siderit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Siderit</a> (<i>Iesenspat</i>, FeCO<sub>3</sub>) un de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Limonit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limonit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Limonit</a> (<i>Bruuniesensteen</i>, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>·n H<sub>2</sub>O), wat as Steenoort gellt. De Sedimentsteen <i>Iesen-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Oolith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oolith (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Oolith</a></i> warrt mitünner ok as <i>Iesensteen</i> betekent un bestieht ut Iesenhydroxidmineralen, de mit kalkige oder toonige Binnmiddel verkleevt sünd. Vundaag sünd över 1400 Iesenmineralen bekannt.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Afbo">Afbo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Afbo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Afbo"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Weltwiet sünd in’t Johr 2000 ruchweg 1 Milliarde Tünnen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesenierz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesenierz (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesenierz</a> afboet worrn, de en Samtweert vun ruchweg 25 Milliarden Euro harrn. De bedüdensten Staaten, in de Iesen föddert warrt, sünd Brasilien, Australien, de Volksrepubliek China, Russland un Indien. Disse Länner produzeert tosamen üm un bi 70% vun’t Iesen, dat weltwiet bruukt warrt. Ut de 1 Gt Ierz sünd üm un bi 572 Mt Iesen wunnen worrn. Bito warrt dör dat Insmölten vun Schrott bruukt Iesen torüchwunnen. </p><p>Dat mit Afstand bedüdenste Produkschoonsland för <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohiesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rohiesen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Rohiesen</a> is de Volksrepubliek China. Dorna kamt Japan un de Russ’sche Föderatschoon. In Europa sünd de wichtigsten Iesenherstellers de Ukraine un Düütschland. </p> <table class="Tabell center"> <caption>De gröttsten Rohiesenproduzenten weltwiet (2003)<br /><small>Born: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hannelsblatt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hannelsblatt (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Hannelsblatt</a> <i>Die Welt in Zahlen</i> (2005)</small> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Rang </th> <th>Land </th> <th>Produkschoon<br />(in Mio. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunn_(Eenheit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunn (Eenheit) (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">t</a>) </th> <th>  </th> <th>Rang </th> <th>Land </th> <th>Produkschoon<br />(in Mio. t) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Volksrepubliek_China" title="Volksrepubliek China">VR China</a></td> <td>202,3</td> <td></td> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frankriek" title="Frankriek">Frankriek</a></td> <td>13 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td>82,1</td> <td></td> <td>11</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republiek_China" title="Republiek China">Taiwan</a></td> <td>10,3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russland" title="Russland">Russland</a></td> <td>48,3</td> <td></td> <td>12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italien" title="Italien">Italien</a></td> <td>10,1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/USA" class="mw-redirect" title="USA">USA</a></td> <td>39,1</td> <td></td> <td>13</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vereenigt_K%C3%B6nigriek_vun_Grootbritannien_un_Noordirland" title="Vereenigt Königriek vun Grootbritannien un Noordirland">Vereenigt Königriek</a></td> <td>10,1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brasilien" title="Brasilien">Brasilien</a></td> <td>32</td> <td></td> <td>14</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a></td> <td>8,5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></td> <td>29,6</td> <td></td> <td>15</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belgien" title="Belgien">Belgien</a></td> <td>7,8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BC%C3%BCtschland" title="Düütschland">Düütschland</a></td> <td>29,5</td> <td></td> <td>16</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCdafrika" title="Süüdafrika">Süüdafrika</a></td> <td>6,2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCdkorea" title="Süüdkorea">Süüdkorea</a></td> <td>27,3</td> <td></td> <td>17</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australien" title="Australien">Australien</a></td> <td>6,1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indien" title="Indien">Indien</a></td> <td>26,1</td> <td></td> <td>18</td> <td><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigriek_vun_de_Nedderlannen" title="Königriek vun de Nedderlannen">Nedderlannen</a></td> <td>5,8 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="centered"> <tbody><tr> <td> <p><b>Entwickeln vun’n weltwieten Iesenierzafbo</b> (in Mio. Tunnen)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_58wqrkpt1j09fhl25u6h6q1324bgzdo"></map><img usemap="#timeline_58wqrkpt1j09fhl25u6h6q1324bgzdo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/nds/timeline/58wqrkpt1j09fhl25u6h6q1324bgzdo.png" /></div> </td> <td> <p><b>Entwicken vun de weltwieten Rohiesenprodukschoon</b> (in Mio. Tunnen)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_ch70ot1g7qe1d67a3z39goavf35x332"></map><img usemap="#timeline_ch70ot1g7qe1d67a3z39goavf35x332" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/nds/timeline/ch70ot1g7qe1d67a3z39goavf35x332.png" /></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Winnen_un_Dorstellen">Winnen un Dorstellen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Winnen un Dorstellen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Winnen un Dorstellen"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ierzafbo_un_-verarbeiten">Ierzafbo un -verarbeiten</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Ierzafbo un -verarbeiten" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Ierzafbo un -verarbeiten"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iesenierz warrt in’n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daagbo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daagbo (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Daagbo</a> un in’n Deepbo (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Cnnerdaagbo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ünnerdaagbo) (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ünnerdaagbo)</a>) wunnen. De Afbo warrt vundaag sünners in Süüdamerika (vör allen Brasilien), in’n Wetsen vun Australien, in de Volksrepubliek China, in Oost-Europa (to’n Bispeel Ukraine) un Kanada in’n Daagbo maakt. In de letzten Johren hebbt disse Länner de inst bedüdensten Iesenierz-Födderlänner as Frankriek, Sweden un Düütschland överrunnt. In Düütschland is de letzte Iesengruuv in de Böverpalz 1987 dicht maakt worrn. </p><p>Vun’t Ierz kann blots en lütten Deel as Stückierz direkt in’n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoochaven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoochaven (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Hoochaven</a> insett warrn. De gröttste Deel warrt aver as Fienierz in en Sinteranlaag to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sintern&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sintern (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sinter</a> verarbeit, vunwegen dat dat Ierz blots in disse sinterte, Form as grove Brockens in’n Hoochaven inbröcht warrn kann. Dat fiene Ierz minnert den Lufttostroom to dull oder hinnert em sogor. Grove Ierzkoorns warrt na jemehr Grött sorteert un sintert. Lütte Ierzkoornsmööt dorto mit Toslagstoffen stark hittmaakt un ansmölt warrn, dat se denn tosamenbackt warrn künnt. Bannig fien Ierz warrt to Pulver opmahlt. Denn warrt dat mit Kalksteen, fienkoornten Koks un Water vermischt un op en andreven Wannerrost opbröcht. Dör den Wannerost warrt vun ünnen Gasen afsuugt, vun baven warrt hittmaakt un sintert. En bedüden Andeel vun’t Ierz warrt aver to Pellets verarbeit. Dorto warrt mit Binnmiddels, Toslääg un Water en Mischen maakt, de denn to lütte Kugeln vun 10 bit 16 mm Dörmeter rullt. Op en Wannerost warrt se to Pellets brennt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Produkschoon_in’n_Hoochaven"><span id="Produkschoon_in.E2.80.99n_Hoochaven"></span>Produkschoon in’n Hoochaven</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Produkschoon in’n Hoochaven" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Produkschoon in’n Hoochaven"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Landschaftspark_Duisburg_Nord.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Landschaftspark_Duisburg_Nord.jpg/220px-Landschaftspark_Duisburg_Nord.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Landschaftspark_Duisburg_Nord.jpg/330px-Landschaftspark_Duisburg_Nord.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Landschaftspark_Duisburg_Nord.jpg/440px-Landschaftspark_Duisburg_Nord.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3057" data-file-height="2009" /></a><figcaption>Hoochavenanlaag in’n Landschopspark Duisborg-Noord</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Hochofenschema.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Hochofenschema.svg/220px-Hochofenschema.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Hochofenschema.svg/330px-Hochofenschema.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Hochofenschema.svg/440px-Hochofenschema.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Schemaatsch Opbo vun en Hoochaven</figcaption></figure> <p>Iesen warrt vör allen in’n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoochaven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoochaven (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Hoochaven</a> dör cheemsche Redukschoon vun’t Iesenoxid mit Kohlenstoff wunnen. De Hoochaven is en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Schachtaven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schachtaven (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Schachtaven</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koks (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Koks</a> un <a href="/wiki/Ierz" title="Ierz">Ierz</a> warrt wesselwies in Lagen baven in den Aven rinschütt. Dorto sünd baven över’t Fatt twee Bunkers anordent, de as Gasslüsen twüschen dat Avenfatt un de Ümgegend deent. Toböverst in’t Avenfatt is en Dreihschurr, mit dat Material spiralförmig op de Sickerböverflach verdeelt warrt. De Kokslagen hollt in’n ünnere Rebeet vun’n Aven, wenn dat Ierz plastisch warrt, de Dörströömborkeit mit Prozessgas oprecht (Koksfinster). </p><p>De Insatz sackt in’n Avenschacht daal un warrt dorbi dör dat ruchweg 2000 °C hitte Prozessgas ut Kohlenstoffmonoxid un Stickstoff dröögt, hittmaakt, de Iesenoxiden reduzeert un opletzt smölt (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Redoxreakschoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Redoxreakschoon (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Redoxreakschoon</a>). Dat Prozessgas warrt tüügt, dordör dat dör waterhöhlte Kopperdüsen op ruchweg 1200 °C vörwarmte Luft ünnen in’n Aven inblaast warrt. De Suerstoff in de Luft verbrennt mit Koks to Kohlenstoffmonoxid. De hele Vörgang duert üm un bi acht Stünnen. Dat Afgas, dat an’t bövere Enn vun’n Avenschacht wunnen warrt, is brennbor un warrt to’n Vörheizen vun de Luft wieterbruukt. Mit överscheerig Gas warrt in en Kraftwark Stroom tüügt. </p><p>Blangen fletig Iesen kummt in so en Aven ok fletige <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slack_(Metallurgie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slack (Metallurgie) (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Slack</a> tostannen. Beids is mit’nanner vermischt, hett en Temepratur vun ruchweg 1450 °C un warrt dör en Steeklock aftogen, dat ruchweg all twee Stünnen dör Anbohren apenmaakt un na ruchweg een Stünn wedder dör Verstoppen mit en keraamsche Masse dichtmaakt warrt. Iesen un Slack warrt buten den Aven scheedt. Dat Iesen kkummt in Transportpannen un warrt in’t Stahlwark bröcht. </p><p>Dat Iesen is bi 1450 °C fletig, vunwegen dat de löste Kohlenstoff en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sm%C3%B6ltpunktminnern&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smöltpunktminnern (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Smöltpunktminnern</a> maakt. De Slack warrt mit Water verdüüst. Dorbi warrt se afschreckt un verklamt as fienkoornt Glas. Disse <i>Slackensand</i> warrt fien mahlt un as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Betontosatzstoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betontosatzstoff (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Betontosatzstoffen</a> bruukt. En Hoochaven produzeert op een Tünn Iesen ruchweg 200 bit 300 kg Slack. </p><p>Ierz un Koks sünd vör allen mit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliziumdioxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siliziumdioxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Siliziumdioxid</a> (SiO<sub>2</sub>; Quarzsand, Silikaten) un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aluminiumoxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aluminiumoxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Aluminiumoxid</a> (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) verunreinigt. En lütten Deel vun’t Siliziumdioxid warrt to <a href="/wiki/Silizium" title="Silizium">Silizium</a> reduzeert, wat in’t Iesen lööst is. De Rest billt tosamen mit dat Aluminiumoxid de Slack. As de Smöltpunkt vun en Mischen ut SiO<sub>2</sub> un Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> to hooch is, üm bi 1450 °C fletige Slack to billn, warrt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calciumoxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calciumoxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Calciumoxid</a> (CaO; brennten Kalk) togeven, wat den Smöltpunkt minnern deit. Tomeist warrt dat al bi’t Herstellen vun Iesenierzsinter in Form vun Kalksteen togeven. </p><p>Dat Rohiesen ut’n Hoochaven hett en Eisenandeel vun ruchweg 95 %. För de meisten Anwennen bargt dat noch to veel KOhlenstoff, Swevel, Phosphor un Silizium. Normalerwies warrt dorüm in’t Stahlwark eerstmol dör Inblasen vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calciumcarbid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calciumcarbid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Calciumcarbid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magnesium</a> oder <a href="/w/index.php?title=Branntkalk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Branntkalk (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Branntkalk</a> entswevelt un togliek reduzeert. De Slack dorvun warrt aftogen un dat Rohiesen denn in en Konverter ünner Tosatz vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Branntkalk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Branntkalk (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Branntkalk</a> oxideeren verblaast. Dorbi warrt Silizium to Siliziumdioxid un Kohlenstoff to Kohlenstoffdioxid verbrennt. De Phosphor warrt as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calciumphosphat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calciumphosphat (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Calciumphosphat</a> bunnen. Dat fletige Iesen hett dorna en Temperatur vun üm un bi 1600 °C un bargt soveel Suerstoff, dat ut den restlichen Kohlenstoff bi’t Verklamen Kohlenmonoxidblasen entstaht. Dat is bi hüütige Verfohren so nich wünscht. Dorüm warrt Aluminium togeven, üm den Suerstoff as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aluminiumoxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aluminiumoxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Aluminiumoxid</a> to binnen. Bi hoge Anspröök an de Gööd vun’n Stahl warrt na den Konverter noch wietere Verfohrensschreed anwennt, as to’n Bispeel en Vakuumbehanneln (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sekund%C3%A4rmetallurgie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sekundärmetallurgie (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sekundärmetallurgie</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Produkschoon_ahn_Hoochaven">Produkschoon ahn Hoochaven</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Produkschoon ahn Hoochaven" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=7" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Produkschoon ahn Hoochaven"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hoochavens bruukt veel Energie un Material, wat bi minnergode Rohstoff- un Energiebedingen nich jümmer praat stellt warrn kann. Dorüm sünd verschedene Verfohren utklamüstert worrn, mit de een Iesenierz ahn oder mit blots lütten Insatz vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koks (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Koks</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steenkahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steenkahl (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Steenkahl</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruunkahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruunkahl (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Bruunkahl</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eerd%C3%B6%C3%B6l&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eerdööl (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Eerdööl</a> oder <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eerdgas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eerdgas (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Eerdgas</a> reduzeeren kann. Bi de meisten Verfohren fallt dat Iesen dorbi in faste, poröse Form an, de as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesenswamm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesenswamm (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesenswamm</a> betekent warrt. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Schachtofenbatterie_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Schachtofenbatterie_2.jpg/220px-Schachtofenbatterie_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Schachtofenbatterie_2.jpg/330px-Schachtofenbatterie_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Schachtofenbatterie_2.jpg/440px-Schachtofenbatterie_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3032" data-file-height="2016" /></a><figcaption>Schachtavenanlaag in’t Museumsdörp Rüdersdorf bi Berlin</figcaption></figure> <p>Bekannte Verfohren sünd ünner annern:<sup id="cite_ref-Eisenhüttenwesen1970-103-118_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eisenhüttenwesen1970-103-118-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schachtaven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schachtaven (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Schachtaven</a>: <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiberg-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wiberg-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Wiberg-Verfohren</a>, üm 1918 in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> entwickelt</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Purofer-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Purofer-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Purofer-Verfohren</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Overhus" title="Overhus">Overhus</a> entwickelt</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midland-Ross-Vorfahren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Midland-Ross-Vorfahren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Midland-Ross-Vorfahren</a>, vun de Midland-Ross-Corporation in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cleveland_(Ohio)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cleveland (Ohio) (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Cleveland</a>, Ohio entwickelt</li></ul></dd> <dd>All dree Verfohren nütt en mehr oder minner korten Schachtaven un iesenrieke Stückierzen, Sinter oder Pellets as Ingangstoffen, de vörwarmt un an’n Avenkopp inbröcht warrt. An’n Avengrund warrt en 1000 °C hitte Redukschoonsmischen ut <a href="/wiki/Kohlenstoffmonoxid" title="Kohlenstoffmonoxid">Kohlenstoffmonoxid</a> (CO), <a href="/wiki/Waterstoff" title="Waterstoff">Waterstoff</a> (H<sub>2</sub>), <a href="/wiki/Kohlenstoffdioxid" title="Kohlenstoffdioxid">Kohlenstoffdioxid</a> (CO<sub>2</sub>), Water (H<sub>2</sub>O) un mitünner <a href="/wiki/Methan" title="Methan">Methan</a> (CH<sub>4</sub>) inblaast. De Iesenswamm dorut hett en Reinheit vun 85 bit 95 %.</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Retorte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Retorte (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Retorte</a>: <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%B6gan%C3%A4s-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Höganäs-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Höganäs-Verfohren</a>, 1908 vun E. Sieurin in <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%B6gan%C3%A4s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Höganäs (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Höganäs</a>, Sweden entwickelt</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=HyL-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HyL-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">HyL-Verfohren</a>, 1957 bi de Firma <b>H</b>ojalata-<b>y</b>-<b>L</b>amina S.A. in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monterry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monterry (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Monterry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexiko" title="Mexiko">Mexiko</a> entwickelt</li></ul></dd> <dd>Hier warrt teemlich rieke Iesenierzkunzentraten in kearmische Retorten oder <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muffelaven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muffelaven (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Muffels</a> inbröcht un mit fienkoornte Kahl, Koksgrus un Kalksteen oder Eerdgas reduzeert. De Iesenswamm hett hier en Reinheit vun 80 bit 90 % un warrt to’n Herstellen vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%BCnnerstahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sünnerstahl (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sünnerstahl</a> oder as Iesenpulver för de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulvermetallurgie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulvermetallurgie (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Pulvermetallurgie</a> verwennt.</dd></dl></li> <li>Dreihfatt: <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krupp-Iesenswammverfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krupp-Iesenswammverfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Krupp-Iesenswammverfohren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RN-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RN-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">RN-Verfohren</a>, vun de <b>R</b>epublic Steel Corporation un de <b>N</b>ational Lead Corporation entwickelt</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SL-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SL-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">SL-Verfohren</a>, vun de <b>S</b>teel Company of Canada un de <b>L</b>urgi Sellschop för Chemie un Hüttenwesen entwickelt</li></ul></dd> <dd>Inbröcht warrt hier Stückierz oder Pellets tosamen mit Kalksteen oder Dolomit in bit to 100 m lange <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dreihrohraven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dreihrohraven (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Dreihrohravens</a>, de mit Bruunkahl, Koksavengas oder Heizööl op bit to 1050 °C hittmaakt warrt. Tüügt warrt dorbi Iesenswamm mit Reinheiten vun 85 bit över 90 % <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dored-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dored-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Dored-Verfohren</a> (Domnarf-Redukschoons-Verfohren), bi de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stora_Kopparbergs_Bergslag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stora Kopparbergs Bergslag (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Stora Kopparbergs Bergslag</a> in Sweden entwickelt</li></ul></dd> <dd>Iesenierz warrt vörwarmt un mit Kahl oder Koks op en Rohiesensump in en Dreihaven inlaten. Dör Inblasen vun reinen <a href="/wiki/Suerstoff" title="Suerstoff">Suerstoff</a> warrt dat Kohlenstoffmonoxid in’t Redukschoonsgas to Kohlenstoffdioxid verbrennt un de Dreihrohraven bit op 1300-1350 °C ophitt. Dat Produkt is fletig Rohiesen.</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warvelschicht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Warvelschicht (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Warvelschichtreakter</a> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-Iron-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-Iron-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">H-Iron-Verfohren</a>, vun de <a href="/w/index.php?title=DynCorp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DynCorp (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Hydrocarbon Research Inc.</a>, USA, entwickelt</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=FIOR-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FIOR-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">FIOR-Verfohren</a> (Fluid Iron Ore Reduction), vun de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_Oil_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard Oil Company (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Standard Oil Company</a>, New York, entwickelt</li></ul></dd> <dd>Hier warrt Iesenswamm ut fienkoornte Ierzen wunnen, de mit inblaast Waterstoff, Eerdgas oder Raffinerierestgas opwarvelt un reduzeert warrt.</dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektroaven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektroaven (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Elektroaven</a> <dl><dd><ul><li>Ahn Vorwarmen un Vörredukschoon vun de Insatzstoffen warrt dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tysland-Hole-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tysland-Hole-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Tysland-Hole-Verfohren</a> un dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demag-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demag-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Demag-Verfohren</a> bedreven</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektrokemisk-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektrokemisk-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Elektrokemisk-Verfohren</a> un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Strategic-Udy-Verfohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strategic-Udy-Verfohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Strategic-Udy-Verfohren</a> bruukt dorgegen en Vörwarmen un de Vörredukschoon dör Dreihavens.</li></ul></dd> <dd>De Iesenprodukschoon in’n Elektroaven lohnt aver blots, wenn Stroom in grote Mengde to en lütten Pries to kriegen is. Je na de Gööd vun’t Ierz un vun’n Kohlenstoffdräger liggt de Energieverbruuk twüschen 2000 un 2500 kWh för een Tunn Rohiesen.</dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Egenschoppen">Egenschoppen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Egenschoppen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=8" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Egenschoppen"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="physikaalsch">physikaalsch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Ännere Afsnitt: physikaalsch" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=9" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: physikaalsch"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Binding_energy_curve_-_common_isotopes-de.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Binding_energy_curve_-_common_isotopes-de.svg/220px-Binding_energy_curve_-_common_isotopes-de.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Binding_energy_curve_-_common_isotopes-de.svg/330px-Binding_energy_curve_-_common_isotopes-de.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Binding_energy_curve_-_common_isotopes-de.svg/440px-Binding_energy_curve_-_common_isotopes-de.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="698" data-file-height="466" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karnbinnenergie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karnbinnenergie (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Karnbinnenergie</a> in Afhangigkeit vun de Karnmasse: Dat Maximum liggt in de Neeg vun <sup>56</sup>Fe</figcaption></figure> <p>Dat dörsnittliche Iesenatom hett ruchweg de 56-facke Masse vun’t <a href="/wiki/Waterstoff" title="Waterstoff">Waterstoffatom</a>. Dat <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">Isotop</a> <sup>56</sup>Fe wiest den drütthööchsten <a href="/w/index.php?title=Massendefekt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Massendefekt (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Massendefekt</a> op un hett dormit een vun de hööchsten Binnenergien pro <a href="/wiki/Nukleon" title="Nukleon">Nukleon</a> vun all Atomkarns. Dat warrt dorüm ok as Endstoop bi’t Energiewinnen dör <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nukleosynthees&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nukleosynthees (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Karnfusion in Steerns</a> ansehn. Gröttere Massendefekten gifft dat blots noch bi <sup>58</sup>Fe un <sup>62</sup><a href="/wiki/Nickel_(Metall)" title="Nickel (Metall)">Ni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Cubic-body-centered.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Cubic-body-centered.png" decoding="async" width="144" height="140" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="140" /></a><figcaption>Kuubsch-ruumzentreerte Elementarzell vun en Iesenkristall</figcaption></figure> <p>Bi Ruumtemperatur is de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Allotropie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allotropie (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">allotrope</a> Modifikatschoon vun’t reine Iesen dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferrit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferrit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ferrit</a> oder α-Iesen. Disse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Modifikatschoon_(Mineral)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modifikatschoon (Mineral) (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Modifikatschoon</a> kristalliseert in en kuubsch-ruumzentreert Kristallstruktur vun’n <a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">Wolfram</a>-Tyyp in de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruumgrupp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruumgrupp (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ruumgrupp</a> <i>I</i>m<span style="text-decoration:overline">3</span>m mit de Gidderparameters a = 286,6 pm un twee <a href="/w/index.php?title=Formeleenheit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Formeleenheit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Formeleenheiten</a> op een <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elementarzell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elementarzell (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Elementarzell</a>. Disse Modifikatschoon is bestännig bit Temperaturen vun 910 °C. Bi högere Temperaturen wannelt sik dat in de γ-Struktur üm, de as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Austenit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Austenit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Austenit</a> betekent warrt. Disse Modifikatschoon hett en kuubsch-Flachzentreerte Struktur (<a href="/wiki/Kopper" title="Kopper">Kopper</a>-Tyyp) mit de Ruumgrupp <i>F</i>m<span style="text-decoration:overline">3</span>m un de Gidderparameters a = 364,7 pm. En wietere Strukturännern stellt sik bi 1390 °C in. Vun disse Temepratur an bit to’n Smöltpunkt bi 1535 °C is dat kuubsch-ruumzentreerte δ-Ferrit bestännig. Annere Phaaswessel finnt bi hogen Druck statt: Bi en Druck vun mehr as ruchweg 10 GPa un Temperaturen bit hööchsten en poor hunnert Grad Celsius wannelt sik α-Iesen in ε-Iesen üm, wat en hexagonal dichste Kugelpackung (hcp) as Kristallgidder opwiest. Bi högere Temperaturen bit to’n Smöltpunkt wannelt sik analog ok γ-Iesen in ε-Iesen üm, wobi de Druck mit de Temperatur anstiggt. Butendem gifft dat mööglicherwies noch en Övergang vun ε-Iesen na β-Iesen, de bi ruchweg 50 GPa un mehr as 1500 K liggt. Dat dat dissen β-Typp gifft, is aver ümstreden, un ok to de Kristallstruktur vun dissen mööglichen Tyyp gifft dat ünnerscheedliche Angaven.<sup id="cite_ref-beta-iron_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beta-iron-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dat de β-Phaas in de Standard-Nomenklatur fehlt, kummt vun’t Ännern vun’n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetismus (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Magnetismus</a> an’n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Curiepunkt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curiepunkt (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Curiepunkt</a> bi 766 ° vun’n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferromagnetismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferromagnetismus (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ferro-</a> op’n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paramagnetismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paramagnetismus (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Paramagnetismus</a>. Fröher weer annahmen, dat dat mit en Strukturwessel tosamenhangt un twüschen 766 un 910 °C en wieteren Phaaswessel bi’t Iesen vörkummt. De weer denn as β-Iesen betekent. Laterhen hett sik dat aver as verkehrt rutstellt. </p><p>De Smöltpunkt för Iesen is bi Drück vun bit to 50 GPa teemlich goot dör Experimenten bestimmt. Bi högeren Druck sünd dör ünnerscheedliche experimentelle Techniken bannig verschedene Resultaten rutfunnen worrn. Verschedene Studien to den γ-ε-<a href="/wiki/Tripelpunkt" title="Tripelpunkt">Tripelpunkt</a> hebbt Drück geven, de üm mehrere Dutzen Giga<a href="/wiki/Pascal_(Eenheit)" title="Pascal (Eenheit)">pascal</a> ut’neen leegt un sik bi de Smölttemperaturen ünner hogen Druck üm 1000 K ünnerscheedt. In’n Allgemenen föhrt molekulardynaamsche Modellrekens un Schockexperimenten op högere Temperaturen un pielere Smöltkurven as staatsche Experimenten in Demantstempelzellen.<sup id="cite_ref-melting_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-melting-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="cheemsch">cheemsch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Ännere Afsnitt: cheemsch" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=10" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: cheemsch"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iesen is an dröge <a href="/wiki/Luft" title="Luft">Luft</a> bestännig, jüst so as in dröög <a href="/wiki/Chlor" title="Chlor">Chlor</a>, kunzentreerte <a href="/wiki/Swevels%C3%BC%C3%BCr" title="Swevelsüür">Swevelsüür</a>, kunzentreerte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salpeters%C3%BC%C3%BCr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salpetersüür (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Salpetersüür</a> un basische Lösen mit en <a href="/wiki/PH-Weert" title="PH-Weert">pH-Weert</a> grötter as 9 (Mit Utnahm vun hitte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natronlauge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natronlauge (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Natronlauge</a>). In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Solts%C3%BC%C3%BCr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soltsüür (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Soltsüür</a> oder verdünnte Salpeter- un Swevelsüür lööst sik Iesen gau ünner Afgaav vun <a href="/wiki/Waterstoff" title="Waterstoff">Waterstoff</a> op. An fuchtige Luft un in Water, dat <a href="/wiki/Suerstoff" title="Suerstoff">Suerstoff</a> oder <a href="/wiki/Kohlenstoffdioxid" title="Kohlenstoffdioxid">Kohlenstoffdioxid</a> bargt, billt sik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen(III)-oxidhydroxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesen(III)-oxidhydroxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesen(III)-oxidhydroxid</a> – dat Iesen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rust&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rust (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">rust</a>. </p><p>Wenn Iesen an dröge Lust hitt maakt waart, billt sik en dünne Schicht <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eisen(II,III)-oxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eisen(II,III)-oxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Eisen(II,III)-oxid</a> (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesenhamerslag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesenhamerslag (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesenhamerslag</a></i>), de stark klöört is. Bannig fien verdeelt <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyrophor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyrophor (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">pyrophor</a></i> Iesen reageert al bi Ruumtemperatur mit Suerstoff ut de Luft ünner Füürbilln. Stahlwull, de brennt, reageert in fuchtig Chlor-Gas ünner Billn vun bruun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen(III)-chlorid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesen(III)-chlorid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesen(III)-chlorid</a>-Damp. Wenn en Mischen ut Iesen- un Swevelpulver (In de Gewichtsproportschoon 7:4) hitt maakt warrt, etnsteiht vör allen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eisen(II)-sulfid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eisen(II)-sulfid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Eisen(II)-sulfid</a>. Ok mit annere Nichmetallen reageert Iesn bi hoge Temperaturen to’n Bispeel to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosphid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phosphid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Phosphiden</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silicid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silicid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Siliciden</a> oder <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Carbiden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isotopen">Isotopen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Isotopen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=11" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Isotopen"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iesen hett 27 <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">Isotopen</a> un twee <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karnisomer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karnisomer (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Karnisomeren</a>, vun de veer in de Natur vörkamen doot un bestännig sünd. An’n fakensten is dat <sup>56</sup>Fe (91,7 %), folgt vun <sup>54</sup>Fe (5,8 %), <sup>57</sup>Fe (2,2 %) un <sup>58</sup>Fe (0,3 %). <sup>54</sup>Fe is nich richtig bestännig, hett aver mit 31 Trilliarden Johren en Halfweertstiet, de so groot is, dat de Verfall kuum to marken is. Dat Isotop <sup>60</sup>Fe hett en <a href="/wiki/Halfweertstiet" title="Halfweertstiet">Halfweertstiet</a> vun üm un bi 1,5 Millionen Johren, <sup>55</sup>Fe vun 2,73 Johren un <sup>59</sup>Fe en Halfweertsteit vun 44,503 Daag. All de annern Isotopen un de beiden Karnisomeren hebbt korte Halfweertstieten twüschen 150 ns un 8,275 Stünnen. </p><p>Dat langlevige Isotop <sup>60</sup>Fe hett dat al bi’t Entstahn vun’t Planetensystem geven. Dat is nawiest worrn dör de Korrelatschoon twüschen de Männigkeit vun <sup>60</sup><a href="/wiki/Nickel_(Metall)" title="Nickel (Metall)">Ni</a>, dat Verfallsprodukt vun <sup>60</sup>Fe, un de Männigkeit vun de bestännigen Iesen-Isotopen in eenige Phasen vun Meteoriten (to’n Bispeel in de Meteoriten <i>Semarkona</i> un <i>Chervony Kut</i>). Dat weer mööglich, dat de Energie, de bi’n Verfall vun <sup>60</sup>Fe freesett worrn is, blangen de atomaren Verfallsenergie vun’t radioaktive <sup>26</sup><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> en Rull speelt hett bi’t Opsmölten un Differenzeren vun de <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroiden</a> gliek na jemehr Billn vör ruchweg 4,6 Milliarden Johren. Dat oorsprüngliche <sup>60</sup>Fe is intwüschen in <sup>60</sup>Ni verfallen. De Verdeelen vun Nickel- un Iesenisotopen in Meteoriten gifft Verlööf, de Isotopen- un Elementenmännigkeit bi’t Enststahn vun’n Sünnsystem to meten un op de Bedingen vör un wiel dat Entstahn vun’t Sünnsystem torüchtosluten. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bioloogsche_Bedüden"><span id="Bioloogsche_Bed.C3.BCden"></span>Bioloogsche Bedüden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Bioloogsche Bedüden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=12" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Bioloogsche Bedüden"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Heme_b.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Heme_b.svg/220px-Heme_b.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Heme_b.svg/330px-Heme_b.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Heme_b.svg/440px-Heme_b.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="685" /></a><figcaption>Strukturformel vun’t Häm <i>b</i> mit en Fe(II) as Zentralatom</figcaption></figure> <p>Iesen is en essentiell <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sporenelement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sporenelement (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sporenelement</a> för meist all Leevwesens. Deerten bruukt dat för allen fört Bloodbilln, bi Planten speelt Iesen en Rull bi de <a href="/wiki/Fotosynthees" class="mw-redirect" title="Fotosynthees">Fotosynthees</a> un bi’t Billn vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chlorophyll&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chlorophyll (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Chlorophyll</a> un <a href="/wiki/Kohlenhydrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Kohlenhydrat">Kohlenhydraten</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Falbe_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Falbe-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In’n Lief vun Minschen un Deerten kummt Iesen oxideert as Iesen(II) un Iesen(III) vör. As Zentralatom vun’n Kofakter Häm <i>b</i> in <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4moglobin" title="Hämoglobin">Hämoglobin</a> un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Myoglobin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myoglobin (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Myoglobin</a> as ok in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cytochrom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cytochrom (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Cytochromen</a> is dat bi vele Deerten un bi’n Minsch för den Suerstofftransport un -spiekern as okför’t Överdrägen vun Elektronen verantwoortlich. In dissen <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">Proteinen</a> is dat Iesen vun en planaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Porphyrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Porphyrin (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Porphyrinring</a> ümgeven. </p><p>Wieter is Iesen Bestanddeel vun Iesen-Swevel-Kumplexen (so nöömte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen-Swevel-Cluster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesen-Swevel-Cluster (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesen-Swevel-Clusters</a>) in vele <a href="/wiki/Enzym" title="Enzym">Enzymen</a> as de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitrogenase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitrogenase (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Nitrogenasen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrogenase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydrogenase (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Hydrogenasen</a> oder de Kumplexen vun de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atenkeed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atenkeed (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Atenkeed</a>. En drüdde wichtige Klass vun de Iesenenzymen sünd de so nöömten <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nich-H%C3%A4m-Iesenenzym&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nich-Häm-Iesenenzym (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Nich-Häm-Iesenenzymen</a> as to’n Bispeel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Methan-Monooxygenase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Methan-Monooxygenase (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Methan-Monooxygenase</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ribonukleotid-Reduktase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ribonukleotid-Reduktase (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ribonukleotid-Reduktase</a> oder <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A4merythrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hämerythrin (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Hämerythrin</a>. Disse Proteinen hebbt verschedene Opgaven: Suerstoffaktiveren, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suerstofftransport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suerstofftransport (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Suerstofftransport</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Redoxreakschoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Redoxreakschoon (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Redoxreakschonen</a> un <a href="/wiki/Hydrolyys" title="Hydrolyys">Hydrolysen</a>. Jüst so wichtig is dreeweertig Iesen as Znetralionen in’t Enzym <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katalase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katalase (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Katalase</a>, wat dat Zellgift <a href="/w/index.php?title=Waterstoffperoxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waterstoffperoxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Waterstoffperoxid</a> afboet, dat bi’n Stoffwessel entsteiht. Interzellulär warrt Iesen in’t Enzym <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferritin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferritin (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ferritin</a> (20 % Iesenandeel) spiekert, as ok in dat Afboprodukt dorvun, <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A4mosiderin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hämosiderin (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Hämosiderin</a> (37 % Iesenandeel). Tramnsporteert warrt Iesen dör <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transferrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transferrin (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Transferrin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Römpp_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Römpp-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eenige Bakterien bruukt Iesen(III) as Elektronenakzepter för de Atenkeed. Se reduzeert dat dorbi to Iesen(II) un mobiliseert dat Iesen dormit, as de meisten Iesen(III)-Verbinnen swoor in Water to lösen sünd, wiel sik Iesen(II)-Verbinnen goot lööst. Eenige phototrophe Bakterien bruukt Iesen(II) as Elektronengever för de Redukschoon vun CO<sub>2</sub>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En Koppel vun Forschers üm Loren Williams is wieter övertüügt, dat Iesen in’n Tosamenhang mit de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ribonukleins%C3%BC%C3%BCr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ribonukleinsüür (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ribonukleinsüür</a> (RNA) en wichtige Rull bi’t Entwickeln vun’t Leven speelt hett – nich, as vundaag, de <a href="/wiki/Desoxyribonukleins%C3%BCre" title="Desoxyribonukleinsüre">Desoxyribonukleinsüür</a> (DNA). Dör den hogen Suerstoffandeel in de Luft, gifft dat vundaag kuum noch free Iesen, as dat noch vör dree Milliarden Johren weer. Dat fre’e Iesen hett sik mit den Suerstoff verbunnen, de later dör Fotosynthees freesett weer un hett sik as Verbinnen aflagert, de för den Organismus nich mehr bruukt warrn künn. De is dorüm op Magnesium utweken, wat weniger effizient is as Iesen.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medizinische_Bedüden"><span id="Medizinische_Bed.C3.BCden"></span>Medizinische Bedüden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Medizinische Bedüden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=13" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Medizinische Bedüden"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vör allen Fronslüüd liedt vör jemehr <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wesseljohren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wesseljohren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Wesseljohren</a> faken an Iesenmangel vunwegen de <a href="/wiki/Menstruatschoon" title="Menstruatschoon">Menstruatschoon</a>. Dorüm is dat nödig, jeden Dag ruchweg 15 mg Iesen optonehmen, wiel Mannslüüd mit ruchweg 10 mg utkamen doot. Dör dat gliektietige Opnehmen vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitamin_C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vitamin C (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Vitamin C</a> stiggt de Resorpschoon vun Iesen in’n Lief düütlich an. Sünners veel Iesen bargt Fleesch, Lebber, Hülsenfrücht un Vullkooornbroot. Wenn een gliektietig Melkprodukten, Kaffee oder swarten Tee to sik nehmen deit, warrt de Iesenopnahm dorgegen minnert. </p><p>Ofschoonst Iesen en wichtig Sporenelement för den Minschen is, kann toveel Iesen in’n Lief <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gift&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gift (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">giftig</a> wesen. To grote Mengden an Fe<sup>2+</sup>-Ionen föhrt to Reakschonen mit <a href="/wiki/Peroxid" title="Peroxid">Peroxideb</a>, wobi fre’e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Radikal_(Chemie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radikal (Chemie) (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Radikalen</a> entstaht. In’n Normaltostand warrt de dör liefegene Vörgäng wedder an de Siet maakt. Bi en tweejohrig Kind föhrt ruchweg 1 g Iesen to’n ernst Vergiften, 3 g künnt all to’n Dood föhren. Bi’t utwossen Mann sünd eerste Anteken vun en Vergiften eerst af 2,5 g Iesen, dat nich an Hämoglobin bunnen is, to sehn. En Regulatschoonsstörenvun de Iesenopnahm in’n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Darm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Darm (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Darm</a> kann to en <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A4mochromatoos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hämochromatoos (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Hämochromatoos</a> föhren, wat en Iesenspiekerkrankheit is. Dat Iesen sammelt sik in de <a href="/wiki/Lebber" title="Lebber">Lebber</a> an un lööst dor en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sideroos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sideroos (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sideroos</a> (Aflagern vun Iesensolten) ut un maakt dat Organ kaputt. Iesenpräparaten schüllt dorüm blots bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesenamgel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesenamgel (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesenamgel</a> innahmen warrn.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bi överscheerig Iesen stiggt de Anfalligkeit för sünnere Infekschoonskrankheiten as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yersinioos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yersinioos (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Yersinioos</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salmonelloos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salmonelloos (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Salmonelloos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuberkulose" title="Tuberkulose">Tuberkuloos</a> un <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">AIDS</a>. Klinische Studien to’n Ünnersöken vun de prophylaktischen Innahm vun Iesenpräparaten hebbt en direkten Tosamenhang twüschen dat Innehmen un disse Krankheiten nawiest. Dat Iesen en grötter’t Tuberkuloos-Risiko mit sik bringt, is al siet dat 19. Johrhunnert bekannt, un weer vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armand_Trousseau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armand Trousseau (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Armand Trousseau</a> beschreven. Ne’ere Studien ut Afrika wiest jüst so en hoog Risiko för Tuberkloos bi överscheerig Iesen.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dat gifft Henwiesen, dat to veel Iesen – vör allen in de tweeweertigen Form Fe<sup>2+</sup> – ünner sünnere Ümstännen to Krankheiten in’n <a href="/wiki/Bregen" title="Bregen">Bregen</a> föhren künn, as to’n Bispeel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parkinson-Krankheit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parkinson-Krankheit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Parkinson</a> oder ok <a href="/wiki/Alzheimer-Krankheit" class="mw-redirect" title="Alzheimer-Krankheit">Alzheimer</a>. Noch is aver nich kloor, wat de Iesenaflagern, de funnen worrn sünd, en Naklaap oder de Oorsaak vun de Krankheit is.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ok för Planten is Iesen en essentiell <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sporenelement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sporenelement (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sporenelement</a>. Iesen hett Influss op de Fotosynthees un op dat Billn vun Chlorophyll un Kohlenhydraten.<sup id="cite_ref-Falbe_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Falbe-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aver ok bi Planten, kann sik överscheerig Iesen in Form vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesentoxizit%C3%A4t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesentoxizität (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesentoxizität</a> wiesen. In’n Bodden kummt dat bi normale <a href="/wiki/PH-Weert" title="PH-Weert">pH-Weerten</a> in Form vun Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub> vör. Bi sieten Suerstoffandeel vun’n Bodden warrt Iesen(III) to Iesen(II) reduzeert. Dat Iesen warrt dordör in de löösliche Form bröcht, de vun Planten opnahmen warrn kann. Ünner <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anaerob&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anaerob (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">anaerobe</a> Bedingen kann de Fe(II)-Andeel so dull tonehmen, dat de Planten ünner de Iesentoxizität lieden doot. Dat is en Saak, de sünners vun Rebeden, in de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ries_(Plant)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ries (Plant) (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ries</a> anboet warrt, bekannt is.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bruuk">Bruuk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Bruuk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=14" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Bruuk"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:SunsetTracksCrop.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/SunsetTracksCrop.JPG/220px-SunsetTracksCrop.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/SunsetTracksCrop.JPG/330px-SunsetTracksCrop.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/SunsetTracksCrop.JPG/440px-SunsetTracksCrop.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1878" data-file-height="1548" /></a><figcaption>Iesenbahnschienen in’t Hööftbahnhoff vun Frankfort an’n Main</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Britzer_Hafensteg_1_Berlin.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Britzer_Hafensteg_1_Berlin.JPG/220px-Britzer_Hafensteg_1_Berlin.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Britzer_Hafensteg_1_Berlin.JPG/330px-Britzer_Hafensteg_1_Berlin.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Britzer_Hafensteg_1_Berlin.JPG/440px-Britzer_Hafensteg_1_Berlin.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>En Brüch in Stahlkonstrukschoon in Berlin</figcaption></figure> <p>Iesen is de Hööftbestanddeel vun <a href="/wiki/Stahl" class="mw-redirect" title="Stahl">Stahl</a>, also vun Iesen-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Legeren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legeren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Legeren</a> mit annere Metallen und Nichmetallen (vör allen <a href="/wiki/Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff">Kohlenstoff</a>). Mit ruchweg 95 % gewichtsandeel is Iesen dat Metall, dat weltwiet an’n fakensten bruukt warrt. De Grund dorför is, dat Iesen meist överall to kriegen is, wat den Pries siet hollt. Butendem sünd sien Legeren fast un taag, so dat Iesen in de Technik en weertvullen Grundwarkstoff dorstellt. Bruukt warrt dat bi’n Bo vun Landfohrtüüch, Scheep un in’n helen Bo in de Form vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stahlbeton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stahlbeton (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Stahlbeton</a>. Industriell warrt <a href="/wiki/Stahl" class="mw-redirect" title="Stahl">Stahl</a> in vele verschedene Varianten bruukt. In Düütschland sünd ruchweg 7.500 Sorten normt. </p><p>Blangen <a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Kobalt</a> un <a href="/wiki/Nickel_(Metall)" title="Nickel (Metall)">Nickel</a> is Iesen een vun dree <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferromagnetismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferromagnetismus (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">ferromagneetsche</a> Metallen, de mit jemehr Egenschop den groottechnischen Insatz vun Elektromagnetismus to’n Bispeel in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Generater&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Generater (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Generaters</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transformater&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transformater (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Transformaters</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drossel_(Elektrotechnik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drossel (Elektrotechnik) (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Drosseln</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Relais&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Relais (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Relais</a> un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektromotor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektromotor (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Elektromotors</a> mööglich maakt. Dat Iesen warrt rein oder mit Silizium, Aluminium, Kobalt oder Nickel (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mu-Metall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mu-Metall (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Mu-Metall</a>) legeert un deent as weekmagneetsch Karnmeterial to’n Föhren un to’n Afschirmen vun Magnetfeller oder to’n Verstarken vun de Induktivität. Für dissen Bruuk warrt dat massiv un in Form vun Pulvers oder Blicken produzeert. </p><p>Rein Iesenpulver warrt butendem in de Chemie bruukt. </p><p>Iesen warrt in verschedene Formen insett: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rohiesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rohiesen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Rohiesen</a> bargt veer bit fief Prozent Kohlenstoff un ünnerscheedliche Andelen an <a href="/wiki/Swevel" title="Swevel">Swevel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phosphor" title="Phosphor">Phosphor</a> un <a href="/wiki/Silizium" title="Silizium">Silizium</a>. Dat is en Twüschenprodukt för’t Herstellen vun Stahl oder Gussiesen.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gussiesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gussiesen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Gussiesen</a> bargt twüschen 2,06 un 6,67 % Kohlenstoff un annere Legeerbigaven, as to’n Bispeel Silizium oder <a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mangan</a>. In Afhangigkeit vun de Afköhlsnelligkeit is de Kohlenstoff dorin as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Carbid</a> oder elementar as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Graphit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Graphit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Graphit</a> inbunnen. In Anlehnen an de Klöör vun de Brookflachen, warrt de eerste Tyyp as <i>witt</i>, de annere as <i>grau</i> Gussiesen betekent. Dat Material is bannig hard un sprock un lett sik normalerweis nich smeden (plastisch Verformen).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stahl" class="mw-redirect" title="Stahl">Stahl</a> bargt twüschen 0,06 un 2,06 % Kohlenstoff. In’n Gegensatz to Gussiesen is Stahl plastisch formbor. Dör Legeren un en egente Kombinatschoon vun thermisch Behanneln un plastisch Formen (Kooltwülten) künnt de mechaanschen Egenschoppen vun Stahl opverschedenste Oort ännert warrn. Bi nich-legerten Stahl mit en Kohlenstoffandeel bit to 0,08 % snackkt een vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bostahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bostahl (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Bostahl</a>, bi över 0,08 % vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Warkt%C3%BC%C3%BCchstahl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Warktüüchstahl (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Warktüüchstahl</a>.</li></ul> <p>In de Medizin warrt Stoffen, de Iesen bargt, as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antian%C3%A4mikum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antianämikum (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Antianämika</a> insett. Kausal deent dat to’n Behanneln vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesenmangelan%C3%A4mie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesenmangelanämie (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesenmangelanämien</a> un additiv bi’t Behanneln vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%A4mie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anämie (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Anämien</a> de vun annere Oorsaken utlöst warrt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nawies">Nawies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Nawies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=15" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Nawies"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bi de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nawiesreakschoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nawiesreakschoon (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Nawiesreakschoon</a> för Iesen-Ionen warrt twüschen de beiden Kationen Fe<sup>2+</sup> un Fe<sup>3+</sup> ünnerscheedt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nawies_mit_Thioglykolsüür"><span id="Nawies_mit_Thioglykols.C3.BC.C3.BCr"></span>Nawies mit Thioglykolsüür</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Nawies mit Thioglykolsüür" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=16" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Nawies mit Thioglykolsüür"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thioglykols%C3%BC%C3%BCr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thioglykolsüür (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Thioglykolsüür</a> laat sik Fe<sup>2+</sup>- un Fe<sup>3+</sup>-Ionen nawiesen: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Fe^{2+}+2\ HS{-}CH_{2}{-}COOH\longrightarrow [Fe(SCH_{2}COO)_{2}]^{2-}+4\ H^{+}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {Fe^{2+}+2\ HS{-}CH_{2}{-}COOH\longrightarrow [Fe(SCH_{2}COO)_{2}]^{2-}+4\ H^{+}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/83ad20a454ae71bba9ca6a518fffaf54338ba461" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:60.667ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Fe^{2+}+2\ HS{-}CH_{2}{-}COOH\longrightarrow [Fe(SCH_{2}COO)_{2}]^{2-}+4\ H^{+}} }"></span></dd></dl> <p>Wenn Iesen in en Lösen vörliggt, entsteiht en starke Rootfarven. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nawies_mit_Hexacyanoferraten">Nawies mit Hexacyanoferraten</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Nawies mit Hexacyanoferraten" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=17" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Nawies mit Hexacyanoferraten"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Eisen(II),(III).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Eisen%28II%29%2C%28III%29.JPG/220px-Eisen%28II%29%2C%28III%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Eisen%28II%29%2C%28III%29.JPG/330px-Eisen%28II%29%2C%28III%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Eisen%28II%29%2C%28III%29.JPG/440px-Eisen%28II%29%2C%28III%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2153" data-file-height="1885" /></a><figcaption>Iesensolten un jemehr Nawies mit Bloodlaugensolten</figcaption></figure> <p>Fe<sup>2+</sup>-Ionen laat sik mit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Root_Bloodlaugensolt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Root Bloodlaugensolt (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">root Bloodlaugensolt</a> nawiesen: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ Fe^{2+}+2\ K_{3}[Fe(CN)_{6}]\longrightarrow Fe_{3}[Fe(CN)_{6}]_{2}+6\ K^{+}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ Fe^{2+}+2\ K_{3}[Fe(CN)_{6}]\longrightarrow Fe_{3}[Fe(CN)_{6}]_{2}+6\ K^{+}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5d075b2c326936b1d00000663e231526600cee82" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:51.986ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ Fe^{2+}+2\ K_{3}[Fe(CN)_{6}]\longrightarrow Fe_{3}[Fe(CN)_{6}]_{2}+6\ K^{+}} }"></span></dd></dl> <p>Fe<sup>3+</sup>-Ionen laat sik mit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geel_Bloodlaugensolt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geel Bloodlaugensolt (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">geel Bloodlaugensolt</a> nawiesen: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {4\ Fe^{3+}+3\ K_{4}[Fe(CN)_{6}]\longrightarrow Fe_{4}[Fe(CN)_{6}]_{3}+12\ K^{+}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>12</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {4\ Fe^{3+}+3\ K_{4}[Fe(CN)_{6}]\longrightarrow Fe_{4}[Fe(CN)_{6}]_{3}+12\ K^{+}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/187f72c769b1ce6d1fd373184aad6ba4fb73c20e" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:53.149ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {4\ Fe^{3+}+3\ K_{4}[Fe(CN)_{6}]\longrightarrow Fe_{4}[Fe(CN)_{6}]_{3}+12\ K^{+}} }"></span></dd></dl> <p>Bi beiden Nawiesreakschonen entsteiht en deep <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berliner_Blau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berliner Blau (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Berliner Blau</a>, en wichtigen Farvstoff. Dorbi löpt keen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumplexbillnreakschoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumplexbillnreakschoon (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Kumplexbillnreakschoon</a> af, man blots en Uttuusch vun Kationen. </p><p>Beide Pigmenten sünd grotendeels gliek, vunwegen dat se in en cheemsch Gliekgewicht staht. Dorbi geiht Fe<sup>3+</sup> in Fe<sup>2+</sup> över un anners rüm: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Fe^{2+}+[Fe(CN)_{6}]^{3-}\ \rightleftharpoons \ Fe^{3+}+[Fe(CN)_{6}]^{4-}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mtext> </mtext> <mo class="MJX-variant" stretchy="false">⇌</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {Fe^{2+}+[Fe(CN)_{6}]^{3-}\ \rightleftharpoons \ Fe^{3+}+[Fe(CN)_{6}]^{4-}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ba48a61dbef287bc9886697f83bbae98997a0c18" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:45.145ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Fe^{2+}+[Fe(CN)_{6}]^{3-}\ \rightleftharpoons \ Fe^{3+}+[Fe(CN)_{6}]^{4-}} }"></span><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>De sünners intensive blaue Klöör vunn Kumplex entsteiht dör Metall-Metall-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Charge-Transfer-Kumplex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charge-Transfer-Kumplex (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Charge-Transfers</a> twüschen de Iesen-Ionen. Intressant is, dat dit bekannte Nawiesreagenz sülvst Iesen bargt, dat dör de Cyanidionen cheemsch goot maskeert warrt (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Binnenorbitalkumplex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Binnenorbitalkumplex (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Binnenorbitalkumplex</a>) un dormit de Grenzen vun de cheemschen Analytik opwiesen deit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nawies_mit_Thiocyanaten">Nawies mit Thiocyanaten</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Nawies mit Thiocyanaten" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=18" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Nawies mit Thiocyanaten"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alternativ kann een Iesen(III)-solten mit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thiocyanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thiocyanat (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Thiocyanaten</a> (Rhodaniden) nawiesen. De reageert mit Iesen(III)-Ionen to Iesen(III)-thiocyanat: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Fe^{3+}+3\ SCN^{-}\longrightarrow Fe(SCN)_{3}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi> <msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {Fe^{3+}+3\ SCN^{-}\longrightarrow Fe(SCN)_{3}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6bd59020c5b728d449b61e53e3eda8aa50cd927d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:30.914ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Fe^{3+}+3\ SCN^{-}\longrightarrow Fe(SCN)_{3}} }"></span></dd></dl> <p>Dorbi billt sik dat deeprode Fe(SCN)<sub>3</sub>, dat in de Lösen blifft. De Nawies warrt aver stört vun annere Ionen, de villicht ok in de Lösen sünd, as to’n Bispeel <a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co<sup>2+</sup></a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Molybd%C3%A4n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molybdän (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Mo<sup>3+</sup></a>, <a href="/wiki/Quecks%C3%BClver" title="Quecksülver">Hg<sup>2+</sup></a> oder överscheerige <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minerals%C3%BC%C3%BCr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mineralsüür (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Mineralsüren</a>, so dat mitünner en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kationenscheedgang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kationenscheedgang (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Kationenscheedgang</a> maakt warrn mutt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verbinnen">Verbinnen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Verbinnen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=19" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Verbinnen"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Weertigkeit_un_Oxidatschoonsstopen">Weertigkeit un Oxidatschoonsstopen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Weertigkeit un Oxidatschoonsstopen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=20" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Weertigkeit un Oxidatschoonsstopen"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Eisen(III)-oxid.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Eisen%28III%29-oxid.JPG/220px-Eisen%28III%29-oxid.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Eisen%28III%29-oxid.JPG/330px-Eisen%28III%29-oxid.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Eisen%28III%29-oxid.JPG/440px-Eisen%28III%29-oxid.JPG 2x" data-file-width="821" data-file-height="656" /></a><figcaption>Iesen(III)-oxid</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Iron(II)_sulfate_crystals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Iron%28II%29_sulfate_crystals.jpg/220px-Iron%28II%29_sulfate_crystals.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Iron%28II%29_sulfate_crystals.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="322" data-file-height="331" /></a><figcaption>Iesen(II)-sulfat</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Fe<sup>2−</sup>, in [Fe(CO)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>2−</sup>, [Fe(CO)<sub>2</sub>(NO)<sub>2</sub>] hier is dat (NO)<sup>1+</sup></li> <li>Fe<sup>1−</sup>, in [Fe<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>8</sub>]<sup>2−</sup></li> <li>Fe<sup>0</sup>, as Fe(CO)<sub>5</sub>, Fe<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>9</sub> un Fe<sub>3</sub>(CO)<sub>12</sub></li> <li>Fe<sup>1+</sup>, bannig ungewöhnlich, t. B. as [Fe(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>5</sub>NO]<sup>2+</sup>. (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ringproov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ringproov (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ringproov</a>, Nawies vun NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>)</li> <li>Fe<sup>2+</sup>, de Solten sünd tomeist blassgröön,</li> <li>Fe<sup>3+</sup>, disse Ionen sünd meist ahn Klöör. Lösen vun Fe(III)-Solten reageert stark suur un sünd geel farvt. De Klöör entsteiht dör <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charge-Transfer-Kumplex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charge-Transfer-Kumplex (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Charge-transfer</a>-Bannen vun Hydroxo-Ionen, as bi [Fe(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>5</sub>OH]<sup>2+</sup>.</li> <li>Fe<sup>4+</sup>, kummt in Li<sub>2</sub>FeO<sub>3</sub>, BaFeO<sub>3</sub> u. a. as ok in de Katalyyszyklen vun enige Enzymen vör (to’n Bispeel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cytochrom-c-Oxidase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cytochrom-c-Oxidase (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Cytochrom-c-Oxidase</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cytochrom_P450&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cytochrom P450 (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Cytochrom P450</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peroxidase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peroxidase (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Peroxidasen</a>),</li> <li>Fe<sup>5+</sup>, FeO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup></li> <li>Fe<sup>6+</sup>, is roor (to’n Bispeel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaliumferrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaliumferrat (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">K<sub>2</sub>FeO<sub>4</sub></a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bariumferrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bariumferrat (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">BaFeO<sub>4</sub></a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oxiden">Oxiden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Oxiden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=21" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Oxiden"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Iesen billt mit Suerstoff twee- un dreeweertige Oxiden: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen(III)-oxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesen(III)-oxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesen(III)-oxid</a> (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) is en ro’en bit brunen Stoff, de bi de Oxidatschoon vun Iesen mit Suerstoff överher tostannen kummt. In de Natur is dat in de Form vun de Mineralen <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4matit" title="Hämatit">Hämatit</a> un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghemit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maghemit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Maghemit</a> antofinnen.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen(II,III)-oxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesen(II,III)-oxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesen(II,III)-oxid</a> (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) ensteiht natürlich bi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vulaknismus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vulaknismus (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">vulkaansche</a> Vörgäng un bi’t direkte Verbrennen vun Iesen, as to’n Bispeel mit den Sniedbrenner. Dat Mineral warrt as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnetit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnetit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Magnetit</a> betekent.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen(II)-oxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesen(II)-oxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesen(II)-oxid</a> (FeO) entsteiht blots bi’t vörsichtige Verfallen vun Iesen(II)-oxalat FeC<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> in’t Vakuum. De Stoff is swart un bit 560 °C unbestännig. As Mineral <a href="/w/index.php?title=W%C3%BCstit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wüstit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Wüstit</a> kummt dat faken bi’t Verwedern vun Magnetit tostannen.</li></ul> <p>Disse Iesenoxiden billt keen faste Schuulschicht ut, so dat en Iesenstück an de Atmosphäär mit de Tiet vullstännig oxideert. De Oxidschicht is poröös un verlangsomt den Vörgang, kann em aver nich vullstännig hinnern. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Br%C3%BCneren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brüneren (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Brüneren</a> warrt dorüm as swack Schulen för Korrosion insett.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wenn Stahl- oder Iesenstücken insammelt un to’n Recycling geven warrt, noch vördem se vullstännig verrust sünd, gellt se bi de Stahlprodukschoon in’n Elektro-Smöltaven as weertvullen Suerstoffdräger. De Suerstoff dorin deent bi’t „Stahlkaken“ as Oxidatschoonsmiddel, üm nich wullte Bimischen (as Lichtmetallen), de de Gööd minnert, to verbrennen. </p><p>Iesenoxiden un -hydroxiden warrt ok as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Levensmiddeltosatzstoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Levensmiddeltosatzstoff (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Levensmiddeltosatzstoffen</a> insett (E 172). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Solten">Solten</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Solten" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=22" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Solten"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Iron(III)-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Iron%28III%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg/220px-Iron%28III%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Iron%28III%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg/330px-Iron%28III%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Iron%28III%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg/440px-Iron%28III%29-chloride-hexahydrate-sample.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2244" data-file-height="1576" /></a><figcaption>Iesen(III)-chlorid</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Ferrocen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ferrocen.jpg/220px-Ferrocen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ferrocen.jpg/330px-Ferrocen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ferrocen.jpg/440px-Ferrocen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Ferrocen (vakuumsublimeert)</figcaption></figure> <p>Iesen billt twee- un dreeweertige Solten: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen(II)-chlorid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesen(II)-chlorid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesen(II)-chlorid</a> (FeCl<sub>2</sub> · 6 H<sub>2</sub>O) warrt insett to’n Utfällen vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulfid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sulfiden</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuulgas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuulgas (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Fuulgasentsweveln</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biogas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biogas (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Biogasentsweveln</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chromat (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Chromatreduzeren</a> un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosphateliminatschoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phosphateliminatschoon (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Phosphateliminatschoon</a>; dorto höört de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simultanf%C3%A4llen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simultanfällen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Simultanfällen</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen(II)-sulfat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesen(II)-sulfat (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesen(II)-sulfat</a> (FeSO<sub>4</sub> · 7 H<sub>2</sub>O) warrt wegen sien Klöör ok Gröönsolt nöömt. As Mineral heet dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Melanterit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melanterit (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Melanterit</a>. Anwennt warrt dat so as Iesen(II)-chlorid, as ok bi dröög Iesen(II)-sulfat as Chromatreduzerer in’n <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zement (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Zement</a> gegen de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromatallergie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chromatallergie (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Chromatallergie</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen(III)-chlorid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesen(III)-chlorid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesen(III)-chlorid</a> (FeCl<sub>3</sub> · 6 H<sub>2</sub>O) kann <a href="/wiki/Kopper" title="Kopper">Kopper</a> oxideren un lösen. Dorüm kann man waterige Iesen(III)-chlorid-Lösen to’n Ätzen vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leiderplaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leiderplaat (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Leiderplaten</a> bruken:</li></ul> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Cu+2\ FeCl_{3}\longrightarrow CuCl_{2}+2\ FeCl_{2}} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">u</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">F</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {Cu+2\ FeCl_{3}\longrightarrow CuCl_{2}+2\ FeCl_{2}} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/59600b460b016a2baf4c59564e44d9f28b357a3c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:35.442ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Cu+2\ FeCl_{3}\longrightarrow CuCl_{2}+2\ FeCl_{2}} }"></span></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen(III)-chloridsulfat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesen(III)-chloridsulfat (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesen(III)-chloridsulfat</a> (FeClSO<sub>4</sub>)</li></ul> <p>All Iesensolten warrt ünner annern as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flockmiddel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flockmiddel (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Flockmiddel</a> un för de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phosphateliminatschoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phosphateliminatschoon (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Phosphateliminatschoon</a> insett. Dorto höört dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6rf%C3%A4llen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vörfällen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Vörfällen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simultanf%C3%A4llen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simultanfällen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Simultanfällen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naf%C3%A4llen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nafällen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Nafällen</a> un de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flockenfiltratschoon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flockenfiltratschoon (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Flockenfiltratschoon</a>, as ok dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utf%C3%A4llen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utfällen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Utfällen</a> vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulfid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sulfiden</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuulgas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuulgas (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Fuulgasentsweveln</a> un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biogas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biogas (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Biogasentsweveln</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wietere_Iesenverbinnen">Wietere Iesenverbinnen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Wietere Iesenverbinnen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=23" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Wietere Iesenverbinnen"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Fe<sub>3</sub>C, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesencarbid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesencarbid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesencarbid</a>.</li> <li>Fe(CO)<sub>5</sub>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesenpentacarbonyl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iesenpentacarbonyl (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Iesenpentacarbonyl</a>, IPC (I för <i>iron</i>), entsteiht ünner Druck ut Iesen un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kohlstoffmonoxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kohlstoffmonoxid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Kohlstoffmonoxid</a> un billt na’t Verfallen blangen Kohlenstoffmonoxid en sünners rein Iesenpulver, dat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbonyliesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbonyliesen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Carbonyliesen</a>. Annere Iesncarbonylen sünd Fe<sub>2</sub>(CO)<sub>9</sub> und Fe<sub>3</sub>(CO)<sub>12</sub>.</li> <li>Fe(SCN)<sub>3</sub>, Iesen(III)-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thiocyanat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thiocyanat (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">thiocyanat</a>, Iesen<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhodanid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhodanid (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">rhodanid</a>, hett en bannig dulle bloodro’e Klöör un deent to’n Nawies vun Fe<sup>3+</sup>-Ionen.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferrocen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferrocen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ferrocen</a>, en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metallocen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metallocen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Metallocen</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandwichverbinnen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandwichverbinnen (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sandwichverbinnen</a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Borns">Borns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Borns" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=24" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Borns"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Johannsen1953-38-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Johannsen1953-38_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Johannsen1953-38_1-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Otto Johannsen: <i>Geschichte des Eisens.</i> 3. Oplaag, Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldörp, 1953, S. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johannsen1953-40-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Johannsen1953-40_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Johannsen1953-40_2-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Otto Johannsen: <i>Geschichte des Eisens.</i> 3. Oplaag, Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldörp, 1953, S. 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johannsen1953-44-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Johannsen1953-44_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Otto Johannsen: <i>Geschichte des Eisens.</i> 3. Oplaag, Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldörp, 1953, S. 44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VDI1970-5-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-VDI1970-5_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vereen Düütsche Iesenhüttenlüüd: <i>Gemeinfassliche Darstellung des Eisenhüttenwesens.</i> 17. Oplaag, Stahleisen, Düsseldörp 1970/71, S. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/iron.pdf">Handbook of Mineralogy - Iron</a> (engelsch, 57 kB)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubsites.uws.edu.au/ima-cnmnc/IMA2009-01%20UPDATE%20160309.pdf">IMA/CNMNC List of Mineral Names - Iron</a> (engelsch, PDF 1,8 MB; S. 137)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mindat.org/show.php?id=2047&ld=1#themap">Mindat - Localities for Iron</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin Okrusch & Siegfried Matthes: <i>Mineralogie: Eine Einführung in die spezielle Mineralogie, Petrologie und Lagerstättenkunde</i>, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelbarg, New York, 7. Oplaag, 2005, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-S%C3%B6%C3%B6k/3540238123" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-540-23812-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stefan Weiß: <i>Das große Lapis Mineralienverzeichnis</i>, Christian Weise Verlag, München, 5. Oplaag, 2008, ISBN= 978-3-921656-17-4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webmineral.com/chem/Chem-Fe.shtml">Webmineral – Mineral Species sorted by the element Fe (Iron)</a> (engelsch)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">United States Geological Survey: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/ds/2005/140/ironore.pdf">World Production</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Worldsteel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Worldsteel (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">World Steel Association</a>: Daten op de <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://old.worldsteel.org/index.php">Websteed</a> afropen an’n 18. Januar 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eisenhüttenwesen1970-103-118-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Eisenhüttenwesen1970-103-118_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Verein Deutscher Eisenhüttenleute: <i>Gemeinfassliche Darstellung des Eisenhüttenwesens.</i> 17. Oplaag, Stahleisen, Düsseldörp 1970/71, S. 103-118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">M.P. Fewell: <i>The atomic nuclide with the highest mean binding energy</i>, American Journal of Physics, 1995, Bd. 63 (7), S. 653-658 doi 10.1119/1.17828</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-beta-iron-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-beta-iron_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Reinhard & Boehler: <i>High-pressure experiments and the phase diagram of lower mantle and core materials</i>, Review of Geophysics, 2000, Bd. 38, S. 221–245, doi=10.1029/1998RG000053</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-melting-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-melting_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Reinhard Boehler & M. Ross: <i>Properties of Rocks and Minerals – High-Pressure Melting</i> in: <i>Mineral Physics</i>, S. 527–541, Elsevier, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wetenschop-Online-Lexika: Indrag to Iesen in’t Lexikon vun de Chemie, afropen an’n 9. Januar 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Falbe-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Falbe_18-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Falbe_18-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Falbe, M. Regitz (Rgv.): <i>Römpp Chemie Lexikon</i>, 9. Oplaag, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1992.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Römpp-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Römpp_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ferritin.</i> In: <i>Römpp Chemie-Lexikon,</i> Thieme Verlag, 2009 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roempp.com/prod/index1.html">online</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">F. Widdel, S. Schnell, S. Heising, A. Ehrenreich, B. Assmus, B. Schink: <i>Ferrous iron oxidation by anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria</i>. In: <i>Nature</i> Vol. 362, 1993, S. 834–836.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wissenschaft.de/wissenschaft/news/315595.html">Martin Vieweg: <i>Eiserne Früh-Genetik</i> op wissenschaft.de</a> afropen an’n 04. Juni 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">P. Nielsen: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eiseninfo.de/eisenueberladung.htm">Indelen vun en Iesenöverladen</a> afropen an’n 21. Januar 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">U.E. Schaible & S.H. Kaufmann: <i>Iron and microbial infection</i>, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., Bd. 2 (12), 2004, S. 946–953, doi 10.1038/nrmicro1046</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=DEGUM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEGUM (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">DEGUM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://idw-online.de/pages/de/news167145">„DEGUM: Parkinson-Erkrankung vor dem Ausbruch erkennen“</a> Informatschoonsdeenst Wetenschop, 6. Juli 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Günter Fellenberg: <i>Chemie der Umweltbelastung</i>, 3. Oplaag, Verlag B. G. Teubner, Stuttgart 1997, S. 158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Holleman, Wiberg: <i>Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie</i>, 101. Oplaag.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jander, Blasius: <i>Lehrbuch der analytischen und präparativen anorganischen Chemie</i>, 13. Oplaag.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ehlers: <i>Analytik I</i>, 8. Oplaag.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chemie für Ingenieure, Pearson Deutschland GmbH, 2008, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-S%C3%B6%C3%B6k/3827372674" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-8273-7267-4</a>, S. 256</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Literatur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=25" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Literatur"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ludwig Beck: <i>Die Geschichte des Eisens in technischer und kulturgeschichtlicher Beziehung.</i> Band 1–5, Vieweg, Bronswiek 1884–1903.</li> <li>Harry H. Binder: <i>Lexikon der chemischen Elemente - das Periodensystem in Fakten, Zahlen und Daten.</i> S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-S%C3%B6%C3%B6k/3777607363" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-7776-0736-3</a>.</li> <li>Vagn Fabritius Buchwald: <i>Iron and steel in ancient times.</i> Kong. Danske Videnskab. Selskab, Kopenhagen 2005, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-S%C3%B6%C3%B6k/8773043087" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 87-7304-308-7</a>.</li> <li>H. Schoppa: <i>Was der Hochöfner von seiner Arbeit wissen muss</i>. Verlag Stahleisen, Düsseldörp 1992, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-S%C3%B6%C3%B6k/3514004439" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-514-00443-9</a>.</li> <li>Vereen Düütsche Iesenhüttenlüüd: <i>Gemeinfassliche Darstellung des Eisenhüttenwesens.</i> 17. AOplaag, Stahleisen, Düsseldörp 1970/71.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblenken">Weblenken</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Ännere Afsnitt: Weblenken" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iesen&action=edit&section=26" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Weblenken"><span>Bornkood ännern</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interbox"> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bild:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Iron?uselang=nds">Iesen</a></span></b>. Mehr Biller, Videos oder Audiodateien to’t Thema gifft dat bi <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a>. </div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.die-roemer-online.de/eisenherstellung/eisenherstellung.html">Iesenherstellung in de Römertiet</a> bi <i>die-roemer-online.de</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.landschaftsmuseum.de/Seiten/Lexikon/Eisengewinnung.htm">Iesenwinnen in vörhistoorsche Tiet</a> op de Websteed vun’t <a href="/w/index.php?title=Landschopsmuseum_B%C3%B6vermain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Landschopsmuseum Bövermain (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Landschopsmuseum Bövermain</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both" class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead"><a href="/wiki/Periodensystem" title="Periodensystem">Periodensystem</a> vun de <a href="/wiki/Cheemsch_Element" title="Cheemsch Element">Elementen</a></div> <div class="NavContent"> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size:smaller; margin-top:2em; text-align:center; width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#32cd32"><a href="/wiki/Waterstoff" title="Waterstoff">H</a> </td> <td style="width:93.75%" colspan="30"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#87cefa"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff4500"><a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium">Li</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff8c00"><a href="/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cd853f"><a href="/wiki/Bor" class="mw-disambig" title="Bor">B</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#32cd32"><a href="/wiki/Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff">C</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#32cd32"><a href="/wiki/Stickstoff" title="Stickstoff">N</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#32cd32"><a href="/wiki/Suerstoff" title="Suerstoff">O</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f0e68c"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" title="Fluor">F</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#87cefa"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff4500"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff8c00"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a9a9a9"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cd853f"><a href="/wiki/Silizium" title="Silizium">Si</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#32cd32"><a href="/wiki/Phosphor" title="Phosphor">P</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#32cd32"><a href="/wiki/Swevel" title="Swevel">S</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f0e68c"><a href="/wiki/Chlor" title="Chlor">Cl</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#87cefa"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff4500"><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">K</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff8c00"><a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">Ca</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Scandium" title="Scandium">Sc</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Titan_(Element)" title="Titan (Element)">Ti</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">V</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom">Cr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Eisen" class="mw-disambig" title="Eisen">Fe</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" class="mw-disambig" title="Cobalt">Co</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Nickel" class="mw-disambig" title="Nickel">Ni</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupfer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kupfer (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Cu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Zink" title="Zink">Zn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a9a9a9"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium">Ga</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cd853f"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cd853f"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">As</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cd853f"><a href="/wiki/Selen" title="Selen">Se</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f0e68c"><a href="/wiki/Brom" title="Brom">Br</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#87cefa"><a href="/wiki/Krypton" title="Krypton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff4500"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rubidium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rubidium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Rb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff8c00"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" title="Strontium">Sr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yttrium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yttrium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Y</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zirconium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zirconium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Zr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niob&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niob (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Nb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molybd%C3%A4n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molybdän (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Mo</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Technetium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Technetium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Tc</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruthenium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruthenium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ru</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhodium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhodium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Rh</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">Pd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BClver" title="Sülver">Ag</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium">Cd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a9a9a9"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a9a9a9"><a href="/wiki/Tinn" title="Tinn">Sn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cd853f"><a href="/wiki/Antimon" title="Antimon">Sb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cd853f"><a href="/wiki/Tellur" title="Tellur">Te</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f0e68c"><a href="/wiki/Iod" class="mw-redirect" title="Iod">I</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#87cefa"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff4500"><a href="/wiki/Caesium" class="mw-redirect" title="Caesium">Cs</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff8c00"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Ba</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanthan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanthan (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">La</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cer (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ce</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praseodym&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Praseodym (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Pr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neodym&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neodym (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Nd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Promethium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Promethium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Pm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samarium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samarium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Europium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Eu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gadolinium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gadolinium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Gd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Terbium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terbium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Tb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dysprosium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dysprosium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Dy</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holmium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holmium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ho</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erbium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erbium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Er</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thulium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thulium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Tm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ytterbium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ytterbium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Yb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dda0dd"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lutetium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lutetium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Lu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantal (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ta</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhenium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Re</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iridium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iridium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Ir</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Platin" title="Platin">Pt</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">Au</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Quecks%C3%BClver" title="Quecksülver">Hg</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a9a9a9"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" title="Thallium">Tl</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a9a9a9"><a href="/wiki/Blie" title="Blie">Pb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a9a9a9"><a href="/wiki/Bismut" class="mw-redirect" title="Bismut">Bi</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a9a9a9"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f0e68c"><a href="/wiki/Astat" title="Astat">At</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#87cefa"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff4500"><a href="/wiki/Francium" title="Francium">Fr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff8c00"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium">Ac</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" title="Thorium">Th</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" title="Protactinium">Pa</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/wiki/Uran" title="Uran">U</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Americium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Americium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Am</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Curium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Curium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Cm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berkelium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berkelium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Bk</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Californium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Californium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Cf</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Einsteinium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Einsteinium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Es</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Fm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mendelevium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mendelevium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Md</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobelium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobelium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">No</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#da70d6"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lawrencium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lawrencium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Lr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seaborgium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seaborgium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Sg</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bohrium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bohrium (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Bh</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#f08080"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium">Hs</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dcdcdc"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dcdcdc"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dcdcdc"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dcdcdc"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" title="Copernicium">Cn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dcdcdc"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dcdcdc"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dcdcdc"><a href="/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium">Mc</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dcdcdc"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dcdcdc"><a href="/wiki/Tenness" title="Tenness">Ts</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#dcdcdc"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table border="1" cellpadding="1" rules="all" style="border:1px solid #fff; border-collapse:collapse; font-size: smaller; margin-top:2em; text-align:center; width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#ff4500" width="9.1%"><a href="/wiki/Alkalimetall" title="Alkalimetall">Alkalimetallen</a> </td> <td style="background:#ff8c00" width="9.1%"><a href="/wiki/Eerdalkalimetall" title="Eerdalkalimetall">Eerdalkalimetallen</a> </td> <td style="background:#dda0dd" width="9.1%"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanoid" title="Lanthanoid">Lanthanoiden</a> </td> <td style="background:#da70d6" width="9.1%"><a href="/wiki/Actinoid" title="Actinoid">Actinoiden</a> </td> <td style="background:#f08080" width="9.1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96vergangssmetall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Övergangssmetall (Siet noch nich vörhannen)">Övergangssmetallen</a> </td> <td style="background:#a9a9a9" width="9.1%"><a href="/wiki/Metall" title="Metall">Metallen</a> </td> <td style="background:#cd853f" width="9.1%"><a href="/wiki/Halfmetall" title="Halfmetall">Halfmetallen</a> </td> <td style="background:#32cd32" width="9.1%"><a href="/wiki/Nichmetall" title="Nichmetall">Nichmetallen</a> </td> <td style="background:#f0e68c" width="9.1%"><a href="/wiki/Halogen" title="Halogen">Halogenen</a> </td> <td style="background:#87cefa" width="9.1%"><a href="/wiki/Edelgas" class="mw-redirect" title="Edelgas">Edelgasen</a> </td> <td style="background:#dcdcdc" width="9%">Chemie unkünnig </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="NavEnd"> </div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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