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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coat_of_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Coat of arms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coat_of_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance_and_management" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance_and_management"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Governance and management </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance_and_management-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Houses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Houses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Houses </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Houses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-King's_Scholars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#King's_Scholars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.1 King's Scholars </div> </a> <ul id="toc-King's_Scholars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oppidans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oppidans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2 Oppidans </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oppidans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-House_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#House_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.3 House structure </div> </a> <ul id="toc-House_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Headmasters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Headmasters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Headmasters </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Headmasters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_pupils" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_pupils"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Former pupils </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_pupils-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fame" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fame"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Fame </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fame-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Financial support </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Changes_to_the_school" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Changes_to_the_school"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.8 Changes to the school </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Changes_to_the_school-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-School_terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#School_terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.9 School terms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-School_terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-School_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#School_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 School life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-School_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle School life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-School_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Uniform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uniform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Uniform </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uniform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tutors_and_teaching" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tutors_and_teaching"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Tutors and teaching </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tutors_and_teaching-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-School_publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#School_publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 School publications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-School_publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Societies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Societies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Societies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Societies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grants_and_admissions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grants_and_admissions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Grants and admissions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grants_and_admissions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Incentives_and_sanctions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incentives_and_sanctions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Incentives and sanctions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incentives_and_sanctions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporal_punishment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporal_punishment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Corporal punishment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corporal_punishment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Prefects </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Extra–curricular_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extra–curricular_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Extra–curricular activities </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Extra–curricular_activities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Extra–curricular activities subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Extra–curricular_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Olympic_rowing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olympic_rowing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Olympic rowing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olympic_rowing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Drama </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Celebrations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Celebrations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Celebrations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Celebrations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charitable_status_and_fees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charitable_status_and_fees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Charitable status and fees </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charitable_status_and_fees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Old_Etonians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_Etonians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Old Etonians </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Old_Etonians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Eton College</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" > 52 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton-kollege" title="Eton-kollege – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Eton-kollege" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="كلية إيتون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كلية إيتون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ton_kolleci" title="İton kolleci – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İton kolleci" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C" title="ইটন কলেজ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইটন কলেজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Ітанскі каледж – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ітанскі каледж" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6)" title="Ітан (каледж) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ітан (каледж)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Итън Колидж – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Итън Колидж" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleg_Eton" title="Coleg Eton – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Coleg Eton" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%89%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Κολλέγιο Ήτον – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κολλέγιο Ήτον" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%86" title="کالج ایتن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کالج ایتن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_d%27Eton" title="Collège d'Eton – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Collège d'Eton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%BC_%EC%B9%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%A7%80" title="이튼 칼리지 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이튼 칼리지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%A9%D5%A8%D5%B6_%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%BB" title="Իթըն քոլեջ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իթըն քոլեջ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%92%27" title="איטון קולג' – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איטון קולג'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%96" title="Итон колледжі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Итон колледжі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collegium_Etonense" title="Collegium Etonense – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Collegium Etonense" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itono_koled%C5%BEas" title="Itono koledžas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Itono koledžas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="كلية ايتون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كلية ايتون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%82%B8" title="イートン・カレッジ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イートン・カレッジ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_kolleji" title="Eton kolleji – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Eton kolleji" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Итонский колледж – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Итонский колледж" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%84%DB%8E%DA%98%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%86" title="کۆلێژی ئییتن – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆلێژی ئییتن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koled%C5%BE_Iton" title="Koledž Iton – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Koledž Iton" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="วิทยาลัยอีตัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิทยาลัยอีตัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Ітонський коледж – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ітонський коледж" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%B9%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC" title="ایٹن کالج – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایٹن کالج" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Eton College" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E9%A1%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%A6" title="伊顿公学 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊顿公学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E9%A0%93%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%B8" title="伊頓公學 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊頓公學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E9%A1%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%A6" title="伊顿公学 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Eton_College&params=51.492_N_0.608_W_type:edu_region:GB-WNM_dim:100">51°29′31″N 0°36′29″W / 51.492°N 0.608°W / 51.492; -0.608</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Public school in Berkshire, England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256395774">.mw-parser-output .ib-school .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-school .infobox-above{background:lavender;color:#202122}.mw-parser-output .ib-school .infobox-image .logo,.mw-parser-output .ib-school .infobox-image .seal{background-color:#f8f9fa}</style><table class="infobox vcard ib-school"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org notheme">Eton College</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Etoncollegearms.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Arms of Eton College: Sable, three lily-flowers argent on a chief per pale azure and gules in the dexter a fleur-de-lys in the sinister a lion passant guardant." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Etoncollegearms.svg/120px-Etoncollegearms.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Etoncollegearms.svg/180px-Etoncollegearms.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Etoncollegearms.svg/240px-Etoncollegearms.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="588" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Eton_College.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Eton_College.jpg/250px-Eton_College.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Eton_College.jpg/375px-Eton_College.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Eton_College.jpg/500px-Eton_College.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3844" data-file-height="1850" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Aerial view of Eton College from the north</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Location</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_8a83c798ba5835b3ff6e54feba3733237a0993c0"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Eton_College&revid=1257904214&groups=_8a83c798ba5835b3ff6e54feba3733237a0993c0" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Eton_College&revid=1257904214&groups=_8a83c798ba5835b3ff6e54feba3733237a0993c0 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr class="adr"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="display:inline;" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Eton,_Berkshire" title="Eton, Berkshire">Eton, Berkshire</a>, England</div>, <div style="display:inline;" class="nowrap">SL4 6DW</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Eton_College&params=51.492_N_0.608_W_type:edu_region:GB-WNM_dim:100">51°29′31″N 0°36′29″W / 51.492°N 0.608°W / 51.492; -0.608</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Boys <a href="/wiki/Public_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public school (United Kingdom)">Public school</a> <a href="/wiki/Private_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Private schools in the United Kingdom">Independent</a> <a href="/wiki/Boarding_school" title="Boarding school">boarding school</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: Floreat Etona (May Eton Flourish)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religious affiliation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1440; 584 years ago (1440)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Local authority</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Windsor_and_Maidenhead_Borough_Council" title="Windsor and Maidenhead Borough Council">Windsor and Maidenhead</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Department_for_Education" title="Department for Education">Department for Education</a> URN</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://get-information-schools.service.gov.uk/Establishments/Establishment/Details/110158">110158</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.compare-school-performance.service.gov.uk/school/110158">Tables</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Provosts_of_Eton_College" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Provosts of Eton College">Provost</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Coleridge" title="Nicholas Coleridge">Sir Nicholas Coleridge</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Head_Masters_of_Eton_College" title="List of Head Masters of Eton College">Head Master</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Henderson_(headmaster)" class="mw-redirect" title="Simon Henderson (headmaster)">Simon Henderson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Gender</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Single-sex_education" title="Single-sex education">Boys</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Age range</th><td class="infobox-data">13–18</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Enrolment</th><td class="infobox-data">1,341 (2024)<a href="#cite_note-GOV.UK-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">1,390<a href="#cite_note-GOV.UK-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Student to teacher ratio</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="#Tutors_and_teaching">8:1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">1600 acres (647 hectares)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Houses</th><td class="infobox-data">25</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Colour(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eton_blue" title="Eton blue">Eton blue</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Song</th><td class="infobox-data">Carmen Etonense</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication</th><td class="infobox-data">The Chronicle</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">School fees</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>52,749 per year<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> <a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a>66,730 per year</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alumni</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Old_Etonians" title="Old Etonians">Old Etonians</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etoncollege.com">Eton College</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCharity_Commission1139086" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk/charity-details/?regId=1139086&subId=0">"Eton College, registered charity no. 1139086"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Charity_Commission_for_England_and_Wales" title="Charity Commission for England and Wales">Charity Commission for England and Wales</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eton+College%2C+registered+charity+no.+1139086&rft.pub=Charity+Commission+for+England+and+Wales&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregister-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk%2Fcharity-details%2F%3FregId%3D1139086%26subId%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"></td></tr></tbody></table> Eton College (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈiːtən/</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/8a\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Eton_College.wav\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Eton_College.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-Eton College.wav"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Eton_College.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-Eton_College.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-Eton_College.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-Eton College.wav">ⓘ</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">EE-tən</a>)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> is a 13–18 <a href="/wiki/Public_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public school (United Kingdom)">public</a> fee-charging and <a href="/wiki/Boarding_school" title="Boarding school">boarding</a> <a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">secondary school</a> for boys in <a href="/wiki/Eton,_Berkshire" title="Eton, Berkshire">Eton, Berkshire</a>, England. It is noted for having educated <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister">prime ministers</a>, world leaders, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_laureates" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel laureates">Nobel laureates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Award</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_Academy_of_Film_and_Television_Arts" title="British Academy of Film and Television Arts">BAFTA</a> award-winning actors, and generations of the <a href="/wiki/Aristocracy" title="Aristocracy">aristocracy</a>, having been referred to as "the nurse of England's statesmen".<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> The school is the largest boarding school in England ahead of <a href="/wiki/Millfield_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Millfield School">Millfield</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oundle_School" title="Oundle School">Oundle</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3rd-5">[5]</a> Eton charges up to £52,749 per year (£17,583 per term, with three terms per academic year, for 2023/24).<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Eton was noted as being the sixth most expensive <a href="/wiki/Headmasters%27_and_Headmistresses%27_Conference" title="Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference">HMC</a> boarding school in the UK in 2013–14.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> It was founded in 1440 by <a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI</a> as Kynge's College of Our Ladye of Eton besyde Windesore,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nevill,_p.3_ff-9">[9]</a> making it the 18th-oldest school in the <a href="/wiki/Headmasters%27_and_Headmistresses%27_Conference" title="Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference">Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference</a> (HMC). Originally intended as a sister institution to <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="King's College, Cambridge">King's College, Cambridge</a>, Eton is known for its history, wealth, and notable alumni, known as <a href="/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_Eton_College" title="Category:People educated at Eton College">Old Etonians</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Eton is one of four <a href="/wiki/Public_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public school (United Kingdom)">public schools</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow</a> (1572), <a href="/wiki/Sherborne_School" title="Sherborne School">Sherborne</a> (705) and <a href="/wiki/Radley_College" title="Radley College">Radley</a> (1847), to have retained the <a href="/wiki/Single-sex_education" title="Single-sex education">boys-only</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boarding_school" title="Boarding school">boarding</a>-only tradition, which means that its boys live at the school seven days a week during term time. The remainder of them, including <a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a> in 1971, <a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster</a> in 1973,<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rugby_School" title="Rugby School">Rugby</a> in 1976, <a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury_School" title="Shrewsbury School">Shrewsbury</a> in 2015, and <a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester</a> in 2022,<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> have since become <a href="/wiki/Co-educational" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-educational">co-educational</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Latin_school" title="Latin school">Latin school</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neo-Latin#Latin_in_school_education_1500–1700" title="Neo-Latin">Neo-Latin § Latin in school education 1500–1700</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Establishment">Establishment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Establishment">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MK17834_Eton_College.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/MK17834_Eton_College.jpg/220px-MK17834_Eton_College.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/MK17834_Eton_College.jpg/330px-MK17834_Eton_College.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/MK17834_Eton_College.jpg/440px-MK17834_Eton_College.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1693" data-file-height="2539" /></a><figcaption>A statue of <a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI</a>, the college's founder, in the school yard and Lupton's Tower (background)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eton_College_by_Loggan_1690_-_R_-_slpl_ste02048_merge.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Eton_College_by_Loggan_1690_-_R_-_slpl_ste02048_merge.jpeg/220px-Eton_College_by_Loggan_1690_-_R_-_slpl_ste02048_merge.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="337" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Eton_College_by_Loggan_1690_-_R_-_slpl_ste02048_merge.jpeg/330px-Eton_College_by_Loggan_1690_-_R_-_slpl_ste02048_merge.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Eton_College_by_Loggan_1690_-_R_-_slpl_ste02048_merge.jpeg/440px-Eton_College_by_Loggan_1690_-_R_-_slpl_ste02048_merge.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2929" data-file-height="4491" /></a><figcaption>A 1690 engraving of Eton College by <a href="/wiki/David_Loggan" title="David Loggan">David Loggan</a></figcaption></figure> Eton College was founded by <a href="/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England" title="Henry VI of England">Henry VI</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Charity_school" title="Charity school">charity school</a> to provide free education to 70 poor boys who would then go on to <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="King's College, Cambridge">King's College, Cambridge</a>, founded by the same king in 1441. Henry used <a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester College</a> as a model, visiting at least six times (in 1441, 1444, 1446, 1447, 1448, 1449, 1451, 1452) and having its statutes transcribed. Henry appointed Winchester's headmaster, <a href="/wiki/William_Waynflete" title="William Waynflete">William Waynflete</a>, as Eton's <a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a>, and transferred some of Winchester's 70 scholars to start his new school. There is a rumour that he also had carts of earth from Winchester transported to Eton.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] When Henry VI founded the school, he granted it a large number of endowments, including much valuable land. The group of <a href="/wiki/Feoffee" title="Feoffee">feoffees</a> appointed by the king to receive forfeited lands of the <a href="/wiki/Alien_priory" title="Alien priory">Alien Priories</a> for the endowment of Eton were as follows:<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Chichele" title="Henry Chichele">Henry Chichele</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> (d. 1443)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Spofford" title="Thomas Spofford">Thomas Spofford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Hereford" title="Bishop of Hereford">Bishop of Hereford</a> (d. 1456)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Low_(bishop)" title="John Low (bishop)">John Low</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Rochester" title="Bishop of Rochester">Bishop of Rochester</a> (d. 1467)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ayscough" title="William Ayscough">William Ayscough</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Salisbury" title="Bishop of Salisbury">Bishop of Salisbury</a> (d. 1450)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_de_la_Pole,_1st_Duke_of_Suffolk" title="William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk">William de la Pole, 1st Marquess of Suffolk</a> (1396–1450) (later Duke of Suffolk)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Somerset" title="John Somerset">John Somerset</a> (d. 1454), <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a> and the king's doctor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beckington" title="Thomas Beckington">Thomas Beckington</a> (c. 1390–1465), Archdeacon of Buckingham, the king's secretary and later <a href="/wiki/Lord_Privy_Seal" title="Lord Privy Seal">Keeper of the Privy Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Andrew" title="Richard Andrew">Richard Andrew</a> (d. 1477), first Warden of <a href="/wiki/All_Souls_College,_Oxford" title="All Souls College, Oxford">All Souls College, Oxford</a>, later the king's secretary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Moleyns" title="Adam Moleyns">Adam Moleyns</a> (d. 1450), <a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Clerk of the Council">Clerk of the Council</a></li> <li>John Hampton (d. 1472) of <a href="/wiki/Kinver" title="Kinver">Kinver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Staffordshire" title="Staffordshire">Staffordshire</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Esquire_of_the_Body" title="Esquire of the Body">Esquire of the Body</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></li> <li>James Fiennes, another member of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Household" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Household">Royal Household</a></li> <li>William Tresham, another member of the Royal Household</li></ul> It was intended to have formidable buildings; Henry intended the <a href="/wiki/Nave" title="Nave">nave</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Eton_College_Chapel" title="Eton College Chapel">College Chapel</a> to be the longest in Europe, and several religious <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">relics</a>, supposedly including a part of the <a href="/wiki/True_Cross" title="True Cross">True Cross</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Thorns" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown of Thorns">Crown of Thorns</a>.<a href="#cite_note-lrb-15">[15]</a> He persuaded the then <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Eugene_IV" title="Pope Eugene IV">Eugene IV</a>, to grant him a privilege unparalleled anywhere in England: the right to grant <a href="/wiki/Indulgence" title="Indulgence">indulgences</a> to <a href="/wiki/Penitent" class="mw-redirect" title="Penitent">penitents</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Assumption" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast of the Assumption">Feast of the Assumption</a>. The college also came into possession of one of England's <a href="/wiki/English_Apocalypse_manuscripts" title="English Apocalypse manuscripts">Apocalypse manuscripts</a>. However, when Henry was deposed by <a href="/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward IV of England">King Edward IV</a> in 1461, the new King annulled all grants to the school and removed most of its assets and treasures to <a href="/wiki/St_George%27s_Chapel,_Windsor" class="mw-redirect" title="St George's Chapel, Windsor">St George's Chapel, Windsor</a>, on the other side of the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a>. Legend has it that Edward's mistress, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Shore" title="Jane Shore">Jane Shore</a>, intervened on the school's behalf. She was able to save a good part of the school,<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> although the royal bequest and the number of staff were much reduced. Construction of the chapel, originally intended to be slightly over twice as long,<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> with 18, or possibly 17, bays (there are eight today) was stopped when Henry VI was deposed. Only the <a href="/wiki/Choir_(architecture)" title="Choir (architecture)">Quire</a> of the intended building was completed. Eton's first Head Master, <a href="/wiki/William_Waynflete" title="William Waynflete">William Waynflete</a>, founder of Magdalen College, Oxford and previously headmaster of <a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester College</a>,<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> built the ante-chapel that completed the chapel. The important wall paintings in the chapel and the brick north range of the present School Yard also date from the 1480s; the lower storeys of the cloister, including College Hall, were built between 1441 and 1460.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> As the school suffered reduced income while still under construction, the completion and further development of the school have since depended to some extent on wealthy benefactors. Building resumed when <a href="/wiki/Roger_Lupton" title="Roger Lupton">Roger Lupton</a> was <a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a>, around 1517. His name is borne by the big <a href="/wiki/Gatehouse" title="Gatehouse">gatehouse</a> in the west range of the cloisters, fronting School Yard, perhaps the most famous image of the school. This range includes the important interiors of the Parlour, Election Hall, and Election Chamber, where most of the 18th century "leaving portraits" are kept. "After Lupton's time, nothing important was built until about 1670, when <a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a> Allestree gave a range to close the west side of School Yard between Lower School and Chapel".<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> This was remodelled later and completed in 1694 by Matthew Bankes, Master Carpenter of the Royal Works. The last important addition to the central college buildings was the College Library, in the south range of the cloister, 1725–29, by Thomas Rowland. It has a very important collection of books and manuscripts. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century_onwards">19th century onwards</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 19th century onwards">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22View_of_classroom_at_Eton_College,_England,_showing_plainess_of_the_furniture_and_names_carved_thereon_by_the..._-_NARA_-_298013.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/%22View_of_classroom_at_Eton_College%2C_England%2C_showing_plainess_of_the_furniture_and_names_carved_thereon_by_the..._-_NARA_-_298013.tif/lossy-page1-220px-%22View_of_classroom_at_Eton_College%2C_England%2C_showing_plainess_of_the_furniture_and_names_carved_thereon_by_the..._-_NARA_-_298013.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/%22View_of_classroom_at_Eton_College%2C_England%2C_showing_plainess_of_the_furniture_and_names_carved_thereon_by_the..._-_NARA_-_298013.tif/lossy-page1-330px-%22View_of_classroom_at_Eton_College%2C_England%2C_showing_plainess_of_the_furniture_and_names_carved_thereon_by_the..._-_NARA_-_298013.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/%22View_of_classroom_at_Eton_College%2C_England%2C_showing_plainess_of_the_furniture_and_names_carved_thereon_by_the..._-_NARA_-_298013.tif/lossy-page1-440px-%22View_of_classroom_at_Eton_College%2C_England%2C_showing_plainess_of_the_furniture_and_names_carved_thereon_by_the..._-_NARA_-_298013.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1985" /></a><figcaption>An Eton College classroom in the 19th century</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-13350,_England,_Rudermannschaft.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-13350%2C_England%2C_Rudermannschaft.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-13350%2C_England%2C_Rudermannschaft.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-13350%2C_England%2C_Rudermannschaft.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-13350%2C_England%2C_Rudermannschaft.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-13350%2C_England%2C_Rudermannschaft.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-13350%2C_England%2C_Rudermannschaft.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>Eton College pupils dressed as members of various rowing crews taking part in the "Procession of Boats" on the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a> during Fourth of June celebrations in 1932</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Duke of Wellington</a> is often incorrectly quoted as saying that "The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo" title="Battle of Waterloo">Battle of Waterloo</a> was won on the playing-fields of Eton."<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Wellington was at Eton from 1781 to 1784 and was to send his sons there. According to Nevill (citing the historian <a href="/wiki/Edward_Shepherd_Creasy" title="Edward Shepherd Creasy">Sir Edward Creasy</a>), what Wellington said, while passing an Eton cricket match many decades later, was, "There grows the stuff that won Waterloo",<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> a remark Nevill construes as a reference to "the manly character induced by games and sport" among English youth generally, not a comment about Eton specifically. In 1889, Sir William Fraser conflated this uncorroborated remark with the one attributed to him by Count Charles de Montalembert's C'est ici qu'a été gagnée la bataille de Waterloo ("It is here that the Battle of Waterloo was won"). The architect <a href="/wiki/John_Shaw_Jr" class="mw-redirect" title="John Shaw Jr">John Shaw Jr</a> (1803–1870) became a surveyor to Eton. He designed New Buildings (1844–46),<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Provost <a href="/wiki/Francis_Hodgson" title="Francis Hodgson">Francis Hodgson</a>'s addition to provide better accommodation for collegers, who until then had mostly lived in Long Chamber, a long first-floor room where conditions were inhumane.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Following complaints about the finances, buildings and management of Eton, the <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Commission" title="Clarendon Commission">Clarendon Commission</a> was set up in 1861 as a <a href="/wiki/Royal_commission" title="Royal commission">royal commission</a> to investigate the state of nine schools in England, including Eton.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Questioned by the commission in 1862, Head Master <a href="/wiki/Edward_Balston" title="Edward Balston">Edward Balston</a> came under attack for his view that in the classroom little time could be spared for subjects other than <a href="/wiki/Classical_studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical studies">classical studies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> As with other public schools,<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> a scheme was devised towards the end of the 19th century to familiarise privileged schoolboys with social conditions in deprived areas.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> The project of establishing an "<a href="/wiki/Eton_Mission" class="mw-redirect" title="Eton Mission">Eton Mission</a>" in the crowded district of <a href="/wiki/Hackney_Wick" title="Hackney Wick">Hackney Wick</a> in east London was started at the beginning of 1880, and it lasted until 1971 when it was decided that a more local project (at <a href="/wiki/Dorney" title="Dorney">Dorney</a>) would be more realistic. However over the years much money was raised for the Eton Mission, a fine church by <a href="/wiki/G._F._Bodley" class="mw-redirect" title="G. F. Bodley">G. F. Bodley</a> was erected; many Etonians visited and stimulated among other things the <a href="/wiki/Eton_Manor_Boys%27_Club" title="Eton Manor Boys' Club">Eton Manor Boys' Club</a>, a notable rowing club which has survived the Mission itself, and the <a href="/wiki/59_Club" title="59 Club">59 Club</a> for motorcyclists. The large and ornate School Hall and School Library (by L. K. Hall) were erected in 1906–08 across the road from Upper School as the school's memorial to the Etonians who had died in the <a href="/wiki/Boer_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Boer War">Boer War</a>. Many tablets in the cloisters and chapel commemorate the large number of dead Etonians of the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>. A bomb destroyed part of Upper School in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and blew out many windows in the chapel. The college commissioned replacements by <a href="/wiki/Evie_Hone" title="Evie Hone">Evie Hone</a> (1949–52) and by <a href="/wiki/John_Piper_(artist)" title="John Piper (artist)">John Piper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Reyntiens" title="Patrick Reyntiens">Patrick Reyntiens</a> (1959 onward). Among Head Masters of the late 19th and 20th centuries were <a href="/wiki/Cyril_Alington" title="Cyril Alington">Cyril Alington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Birley" title="Robert Birley">Robert Birley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Chenevix-Trench" title="Anthony Chenevix-Trench">Anthony Chenevix-Trench</a>. <a href="/wiki/M._R._James" title="M. R. James">M. R. James</a> was a Provost. Between the years 1926 and 1939, Eton pupils were included as part of a group of around 20 or 30 selected <a href="/wiki/Public_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public school (United Kingdom)">public school</a> boys who travelled yearly to various <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> countries as part of the Public School Boys Empire Tour. The first tour travelled to Australia; the last went to Canada. The purpose of the tours was to encourage Empire settlement, with the boys possibly becoming district officers in India or imperial governors of the Dominions.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> In 1959, the college constructed a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_bunker" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear bunker">nuclear bunker</a> to house the college's Provost and fellows. The facility is now used for storage.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> In 1969, <a href="/wiki/Dillibe_Onyeama" title="Dillibe Onyeama">Dillibe Onyeama</a> became the first black person to obtain his school-leaving certificate[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] from Eton. Three years later Onyeama was banned from visiting Eton after he published a book which described the racism that he experienced during his time at the school.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <a href="/wiki/Simon_Henderson_(headmaster)" class="mw-redirect" title="Simon Henderson (headmaster)">Simon Henderson</a>, current Head Master of Eton, apologised to Onyeama for the treatment he endured during his time at the school, although Onyeama did not think the apology was necessary.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In 2005, the school was one of fifty of the country's leading independent schools found to have breached the <a href="/wiki/Competition_Act_1998" title="Competition Act 1998">Competition Act 1998</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Eton_College_controversies" title="Eton College controversies">Eton College controversies</a>). In 2011, plans to attack Eton College were found on the body of a senior <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> leader shot dead in <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversies">Controversies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Controversies">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Eton_College_controversies" title="Eton College controversies">Eton College controversies</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Overview">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Coat of arms">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eton_College_Coat_of_Arms.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Eton_College_Coat_of_Arms.jpg/220px-Eton_College_Coat_of_Arms.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Eton_College_Coat_of_Arms.jpg/330px-Eton_College_Coat_of_Arms.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Eton_College_Coat_of_Arms.jpg/440px-Eton_College_Coat_of_Arms.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Arms of Eton College: Sable, three lily-flowers argent on a chief per pale azure and gules in the <a href="/wiki/Dexter_and_sinister" title="Dexter and sinister">dexter</a> a fleur-de-lys in the <a href="/wiki/Dexter_and_sinister" title="Dexter and sinister">sinister</a> a lion passant guardant or</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> of Eton College was granted in 1449 by the founder King Henry VI, as recorded as follows on the original charter, attested by the <a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Seal of England">Great Seal of England</a> and preserved in the College archives:<a href="#cite_note-etoncollege.com-37">[37]</a> <dl><dd>On a field sable three lily-flowers argent, intending that Our newly founded College, lasting for ages to come, whose perpetuity We wish to be signified by the stability of the sable colour, shall bring forth the brightest flowers redolent of every kind of knowledge; to which also, that We may impart something of royal nobility which may declare the work truly royal and illustrious, We have resolved that that portion of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_arms_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal arms of England">arms which by royal right belong to Us</a> in the Kingdoms of France and England be placed on the chief of the shield, per pale azure with a <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lys" class="mw-redirect" title="Fleur-de-lys">flower of the French</a>, and gules with a <a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Plantagenet" class="mw-redirect" title="Armorial of Plantagenet">leopard passant or</a>.</dd></dl> Thus the <a href="/wiki/Blazon" title="Blazon">blazon</a> is: Sable, three lily-flowers argent on a chief per pale azure and gules in the <a href="/wiki/Dexter_and_sinister" title="Dexter and sinister">dexter</a> a fleur-de-lys in the <a href="/wiki/Dexter_and_sinister" title="Dexter and sinister">sinister</a> a lion passant guardant or. The three lilies are also evident on the coat-of-arms of Eton provost <a href="/wiki/Roger_Lupton" title="Roger Lupton">Roger Lupton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Although the charter specifies that the lily flowers relate to the founder's hope for a flourishing of knowledge, that flower is also a symbol for the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mary">Virgin Mary</a>, in whose honour the college was founded, with the number of three having significance to the <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Trinity" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Trinity">Blessed Trinity</a>. The motto of the college is Floreat Etona ("may Eton flourish"). The grant of arms to King's College, Cambridge, is worded identically, but with roses instead of lily-flowers.<a href="#cite_note-etoncollege.com-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance_and_management">Governance and management</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Governance and management">edit</a>]</div> The school is headed by a <a href="/wiki/List_of_Provosts_of_Eton_College" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Provosts of Eton College">Provost</a>, a vice-provost and a <a href="/wiki/School_governor" title="School governor">board of governors</a> (known as Fellows) who appoint the Head Master. As of 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit">[update]</a> the <a href="/wiki/School_governor" title="School governor">school governors</a><a href="#cite_note-governors-39">[39]</a> include: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Waldegrave,_Baron_Waldegrave_of_North_Hill" title="William Waldegrave, Baron Waldegrave of North Hill">William Waldegrave, Baron Waldegrave of North Hill</a> (Provost)</li> <li>Peter Mckee (Vice Provost)</li> <li>Professor <a href="/wiki/Michael_Proctor_(academic)" title="Michael Proctor (academic)">Michael Proctor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Antonia,_Duchess_of_Wellington" title="Princess Antonia, Duchess of Wellington">Princess Antonia, Duchess of Wellington</a></li> <li>Lady Moore of Etchingham</li> <li>Mark Esiri</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Leggatt,_Lord_Leggatt" title="George Leggatt, Lord Leggatt">George Leggatt, Lord Leggatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Lyall_Grant" title="Mark Lyall Grant">Sir Mark Lyall Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Morrissey,_Baroness_Morrissey" title="Helena Morrissey, Baroness Morrissey">Helena Morrissey, Baroness Morrissey</a></li> <li>Simon Vivian</li> <li>Professor <a href="/wiki/Francis_Brown_(mathematician)" title="Francis Brown (mathematician)">Francis Brown (mathematician)</a> (2022)</li> <li>Professor <a href="/wiki/Ewan_Birney" title="Ewan Birney">Ewan Birney</a></li></ul> Statute VII of the College provides that the board shall be populated as follows (in addition to the Provost and Vice-Provost):<a href="#cite_note-governors-39">[39]</a> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a> of <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="King's College, Cambridge">King's College, Cambridge</a></li> <li>One <a href="/wiki/Fellow" title="Fellow">Fellow</a> to be elected by the Provost & Fellows, who is or has been a member of a faculty of, or a fellow of a college at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a></li> <li>One Fellow to be elected by the Provost & Fellows, who is or has been a member of a faculty of, or a fellow of a college at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a></li> <li>One Fellow to be nominated by the Council of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> following identification by the Provost & Fellows or a suitable candidate from amongst the <a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">Fellowship of the Royal Society</a></li> <li>One Fellow to be nominated by the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chief_Justice_of_England_and_Wales" title="Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales">Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales</a></li> <li>One Fellow to be elected by the Head Master, Lower Master, and Assistant Masters</li> <li>Four Fellows to be elected by the Provost and Fellows themselves</li></ul> The current Provost, <a href="/wiki/William_Waldegrave,_Baron_Waldegrave_of_North_Hill" title="William Waldegrave, Baron Waldegrave of North Hill">William Waldegrave, Baron Waldegrave of North Hill</a>, has made public that he will be stepping down as Provost after the 2024 Summer Half (summer term). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Houses">Houses</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Houses">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:._Widok_z_ulicy_-_Eton_College_-_panoramio_(5).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/._Widok_z_ulicy_-_Eton_College_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg/220px-._Widok_z_ulicy_-_Eton_College_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/._Widok_z_ulicy_-_Eton_College_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg/330px-._Widok_z_ulicy_-_Eton_College_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/._Widok_z_ulicy_-_Eton_College_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg/440px-._Widok_z_ulicy_-_Eton_College_-_panoramio_%285%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A view of College (the boarding house for academic scholars), College Chapel and College Field from the north</figcaption></figure> The school contains 25 boys' <a href="/wiki/House_system" title="House system">houses</a>, each headed by a <a href="/wiki/Housemaster" title="Housemaster">housemaster</a>, selected from the more senior members of the teaching staff, which numbers some 155.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Almost all of the school's pupils go on to universities, about a third of them to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> or <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-engines-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="King's_Scholars">King's Scholars</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: King's Scholars">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Scholar" title="King's Scholar">King's Scholar</a></div> One boarding house, College, is reserved for 70 King's Scholars,<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> who attend Eton on scholarships provided by the original foundation and awarded by examination each year; King's Scholars used to pay up to 90 per cent of full fees, depending on their means. This financial incentive has been phased out. Still, up to a third receive some kind of bursary or scholarship. The name 'King's Scholars' refers to the foundation of the school by King Henry VI in 1440. The original school consisted of the 70 Scholars (together with some Commensals) and the Scholars were educated and boarded at the foundation's expense.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] King's Scholars are entitled to use the letters 'KS' after their name and they can be identified by a black gown worn over the top of their <a href="/wiki/Tailcoat" title="Tailcoat">tailcoats</a>, giving them the nickname 'tugs' (Latin: togati, wearers of gowns); and occasionally by a <a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">surplice</a> in Chapel. The house is looked after by the <a href="/wiki/Master_in_College" title="Master in College">Master in College</a>. Having succeeded in the examination, they include many of the most academically gifted boys in the school.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oppidans">Oppidans</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Oppidans">edit</a>]</div> As the school grew, more pupils were allowed to attend provided that they paid their own fees and lived in boarding-houses within the town of Eton, outside the college's original buildings. These pupils became known as Oppidans, from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> word <a href="/wiki/Oppidum" title="Oppidum">oppidum</a>, meaning "town".<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> The houses developed over time as a means of providing residence for the Oppidans in a more congenial manner, and during the 18th and 19th centuries the housemasters started to rely more for administrative purposes on a senior female member of staff, known as a "dame", who became responsible for the physical welfare of the boys. (Some houses had previously been run by dames without a housemaster.) Each house typically contains about 50 boys. Although classes are organised on a school basis, most boys spend a large proportion of their time in their house. Not all boys who pass the college election examination choose to become King's Scholars, which involves living in "College" with its own ancient traditions, wearing a gown, and therefore a degree of separation from the other boys. If they choose instead to belong to one of the 24 Oppidan houses, they are simply regarded as Oppidans. However, they may still earn a non-financial award that recognises their academic capabilities. This is known as an <a href="/wiki/Oppidan_Scholar" title="Oppidan Scholar">Oppidan Scholarship</a>. The title of <a href="/wiki/Oppidan_Scholar" title="Oppidan Scholar">Oppidan Scholar</a> is awarded for consistently performing with distinction in school and external examinations ("Trials"): to earn the title, a boy must obtain either three distinctions in a row or four throughout his school career.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Within the school, an Oppidan Scholar is entitled to use the <a href="/wiki/Post-nominal_letters" title="Post-nominal letters">post-nominal letters</a> OS. Each Oppidan house is usually referred to by the initials (forenames and surname) of its current housemaster, a senior teacher ("beak"), or more formally by his surname alone, not by the name of the building in which it is situated. Houses occasionally swap buildings according to the seniority of the housemaster and the physical desirability of the building. The names of buildings occupied by houses are used for few purposes other than a correspondence address. They are: Godolphin House, Jourdelay's (both built as such c. 1720),<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-46">[46]</a> Hawtrey House, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Durnford" title="Richard Durnford">Durnford</a> House (the first two built as such by the Provost and Fellows, 1845,<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-46">[46]</a> when the school was increasing in numbers and needed more centralised control), The Hopgarden, South Lawn, Waynflete, Evans's, Keate House, Warre House, Villiers House, Common Lane House, Penn House, Walpole House, Cotton Hall, Wotton House, Holland House, Mustians, Angelo's, Manor House, Farrer House, Baldwin's Bec, The Timbralls, and Westbury. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="House_structure">House structure</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: House structure">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MK17840_Eton_College.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/MK17840_Eton_College.jpg/220px-MK17840_Eton_College.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/MK17840_Eton_College.jpg/330px-MK17840_Eton_College.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/MK17840_Eton_College.jpg/440px-MK17840_Eton_College.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1796" data-file-height="2394" /></a><figcaption>The Porter's Lodge of Eton College</figcaption></figure> In addition to the housemaster, each house has two house captains, two house captains of games and a house captain of arts. All house positions are entitled to "Stick-Ups" (a white bow tie and winged collar). Some houses may have more house captains than the standard rule. House prefects were once elected from the oldest year, but this no longer happens. The old term "Library" survives in the name of the room set aside for the oldest year's use, where boys have their own kitchen and living space. Similarly, boys in their penultimate year have a room known as "Debate". There are entire house gatherings every evening, usually around 8:05–8:30 p.m. These are known as "Prayers", due to their original nature. The house master and boys have an opportunity to make announcements, and sometimes the boys provide light entertainment. For much of Eton's history, junior boys had to act as "fags", or servants, to older boys. Their duties included cleaning, cooking, and running errands. A Library member was entitled to yell at any time and without notice, "Boy, Up!" or "Boy, Queue!", and all first-year boys had to come running. The last boy to arrive was given the task. These practices, known as <a href="/wiki/Fagging" title="Fagging">fagging</a>, were partially phased out of most houses in the 1970s. Captains of house and games still sometimes give tasks to first-year boys, such as collecting the mail from the school office.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> There are many inter-house competitions, mostly in sports but also in academics, drama and music. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Headmasters">Headmasters</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Headmasters">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Head_Masters_of_Eton_College" title="List of Head Masters of Eton College">List of Head Masters of Eton College</a></div> The Head Master is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Headmasters_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Headmasters Conference">Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference</a> and the school is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Eton_Group" title="Eton Group">Eton Group</a> of <a href="/wiki/Independent_school_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent school (UK)">independent schools</a> in the United Kingdom. The school appointed its first female Lower Master (deputy head), <a href="/wiki/Susan_Wijeratna" title="Susan Wijeratna">Susan Wijeratna</a>, in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> She was succeeded by Paul Williams in 2023 as she took on the role of <a href="/wiki/Headmistress" class="mw-redirect" title="Headmistress">headmistress</a> at Latymer Upper School. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_pupils">Former pupils</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Former pupils">edit</a>]</div> Eton has a long list of distinguished former pupils. In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> became the 20th <a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom_by_education" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom by education">British prime minister</a> to have attended the school,<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> and the fifth since the end of the Second World War.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> Previous Conservative leader <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> was the 19th British prime minister to have attended the school,<a href="#cite_note-bbcnews-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> and recommended that Eton set up a school in the state sector to help drive up standards.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fame">Fame</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Fame">edit</a>]</div> Eton has been described as the most famous public school in the world,<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> and has been referred to as "the chief nurse of England's statesmen".<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Eton has educated generations of British and foreign aristocracy, and for the first time, members of the <a href="/wiki/British_royal_family" title="British royal family">British royal family</a> in direct line of succession: the <a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a> and his brother the <a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex" title="Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex">Duke of Sussex</a>, in contrast to the royal tradition of male education at either naval college or <a href="/wiki/Gordonstoun" title="Gordonstoun">Gordonstoun</a>, or by tutors. The <a href="/wiki/Good_Schools_Guide" class="mw-redirect" title="Good Schools Guide">Good Schools Guide</a> called the school "the number one boys' public school", adding that "The teaching and facilities are second to none."<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> The school is a member of the <a href="/wiki/G30_Schools" title="G30 Schools">G30 Schools</a> Group. Eton today is a larger school than it has been for much of its history. In 1678, there were 207 boys. In the late 18th century, there were about 300, while today, the total has risen to over 1,300.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> The school is included in <a href="/wiki/The_Schools_Index" title="The Schools Index">The Schools Index</a> as one of the 150 best private schools in the world and among top 30 senior schools in the UK.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:947px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/wiki/File:MK17835-38_Ethon_College.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eton College, Provost's Garden"><img alt="Eton College, Provost's Garden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/MK17835-38_Ethon_College.jpg/939px-MK17835-38_Ethon_College.jpg" decoding="async" width="939" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/MK17835-38_Ethon_College.jpg/1409px-MK17835-38_Ethon_College.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/MK17835-38_Ethon_College.jpg/1878px-MK17835-38_Ethon_College.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4102" data-file-height="1048" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:MK17835-38_Ethon_College.jpg" title="File:MK17835-38 Ethon College.jpg"> </a></div>Eton College, Provost's Garden</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Financial_support">Financial support</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Financial support">edit</a>]</div> About 20% of pupils at Eton receive financial support, through a range of bursaries and scholarships.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> A recent Head Master, <a href="/wiki/Tony_Little_(headmaster)" title="Tony Little (headmaster)">Tony Little</a>, said that Eton was developing plans to allow any boy to attend the school whatever his parents' income and, in 2011, said that around 250 boys received "significant" financial help from the school.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph2-61">[61]</a> In early 2014, this figure had risen to 263 pupils receiving the equivalent of around 60% of school fee assistance, whilst a further 63 received their education free of charge. Little said that, in the short term, he wanted to ensure that around 320 pupils per year receive bursaries and that 70 were educated free of charge, with the intention that the number of pupils receiving financial assistance would continue to increase.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph1-62">[62]</a> The Orwell Award is a sixth form scholarship awarded to boys in UK state schools whose academic performance may have been held back by personal circumstance. Boys who earn this award attend the school on a 100% bursary. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Changes_to_the_school">Changes to the school</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Changes to the school">edit</a>]</div> Registration at birth, corporal punishment, and <a href="/wiki/Fagging" title="Fagging">fagging</a> are no longer practised at Eton.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Academic standards were raised, and by the mid-1990s Eton ranked among Britain's top three schools in getting its pupils into <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a>.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> The proportion of boys at the school who were sons of Old Etonians fell from 60% in 1960 to 20% in 2016. This has been attributed to a number of factors, including: the dissolution of the house lists, which allowed Old Etonians to register their sons at birth, in 1990; harder entrance examinations as the emphasis on academic attainment increased; a sharp rise in school fees increasingly beyond the means of many UK families; and increased applications from international, often very wealthy, families.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="School_terms">School terms</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: School terms">edit</a>]</div> There are three academic terms<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> (known as halves)<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> in the year: <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Michaelmas" title="Michaelmas">Michaelmas</a> Half, from early September to mid-December. New boys are now admitted only at the start of the Michaelmas Half, unless in exceptional circumstances.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a> Half, from mid-January to late March.</li> <li>The Summer Half, from late April to late June or early July.</li></ul> They are called halves because the school year was once split into two halves, between which the boys went home. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="School_life">School life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: School life">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uniform">Uniform</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Uniform">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Gloucester_4909925573_1cfc8ea5c0_o.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Prince_Henry%2C_Duke_of_Gloucester_4909925573_1cfc8ea5c0_o.jpg/220px-Prince_Henry%2C_Duke_of_Gloucester_4909925573_1cfc8ea5c0_o.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Prince_Henry%2C_Duke_of_Gloucester_4909925573_1cfc8ea5c0_o.jpg/330px-Prince_Henry%2C_Duke_of_Gloucester_4909925573_1cfc8ea5c0_o.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Prince_Henry%2C_Duke_of_Gloucester_4909925573_1cfc8ea5c0_o.jpg/440px-Prince_Henry%2C_Duke_of_Gloucester_4909925573_1cfc8ea5c0_o.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1506" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester">Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester</a> in a 1914 dress of a junior Eton pupil, wearing a top hat, neck-tie and "bum-freezer", none of which are now worn</figcaption></figure> The School is known for its traditions, including a uniform of black <a href="/wiki/Tailcoat" title="Tailcoat">tailcoat</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Morning_coat" class="mw-redirect" title="Morning coat">morning coat</a>) and black <a href="/wiki/Waistcoat" title="Waistcoat">waistcoat</a>, a starched <a href="/wiki/False-collar" class="mw-redirect" title="False-collar">stiff collar</a> and black pinstriped trousers.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Most pupils wear a white "<a href="/wiki/Necktie" title="Necktie">tie</a>" which is a narrow strip of cloth folded over the joint of the collar to hide the collar stud, but some senior boys are entitled to wear a white bow tie and winged collar ("Stick-Ups").<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> These include boys part of select prefect bodies, those who represent their house as a type of House Captain (general, sports or arts) and those who are "keepers" of areas of the school. There are some variations in the school dress worn by boys in authority; see <a href="#Prefects">School Prefects</a> and <a href="#King's_Scholars">King's Scholars</a> sections.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> The long-standing belief that the present uniform was first worn as mourning for the death of King <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">George III</a> in 1820<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> is unfounded. In 1862, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Balston" title="Edward Balston">Edward Balston</a>, Head Master, noted little in the way of uniform in an interview with the <a href="/wiki/Clarendon_Commission" title="Clarendon Commission">Clarendon Commission</a>. <blockquote>Lord Clarendon: One more question, which bears in some degree upon other schools, namely with regard to the dress. The boys do not wear any particular dress at Eton? Edward Balston: No, with the exception that they are obliged to wear a white neckcloth. Lord Clarendon: Is the colour of their clothes much restricted? Edward Balston: We would not let them wear for instance a yellow coat or any other colour very much out of the way. Lord Clarendon: If they do not adopt anything very extravagant either with respect to colour or cut you allow them to follow their own taste with respect to the choice of their clothes? Edward Balston: Yes. Lord Lyttelton: They must wear the common round hat? Edward Balston: Yes.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a></blockquote> The uniform worn today was gradually adopted and standardised towards the end of the nineteenth century.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Until 1967, boys under the height of 5 ft 4 in (163 cm) wore a cropped jacket (known as an Eton jacket, <a href="/wiki/Mess_jacket" title="Mess jacket">mess jacket</a>, or "bum-freezer") instead of a tailcoat.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tutors_and_teaching">Tutors and teaching</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Tutors and teaching">edit</a>]</div> Teachers are known officially as "Masters" but may also be referred to unofficially as "beaks". The pupil to teacher ratio is 8:1,<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> which is extremely low by typical UK school standards. Class sizes start at around twenty to twenty-five in the first year and are often below ten by the final year. The original curriculum concentrated on prayers, Latin and devotion, and "as late as 1530 no Greek was taught".<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Later the emphasis was on <a href="/wiki/Classical_studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical studies">classical studies</a>, dominated by <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancient_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient History">Ancient History</a>, and, for boys with sufficient ability, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Classical Greek</a>. From the latter part of the 19th century this curriculum has changed and broadened:<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> for example, there are now more than 100 students of Chinese, which is a non-curriculum course.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> In the 1970s, there was just one school computer, in a small room attached to the science buildings. It used <a href="/wiki/Punched_tape" title="Punched tape">punched tape</a> to store programmes. Today, all boys must have laptop computers and are given iPads for their school work, and the school <a href="/wiki/Fibre-optic_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Fibre-optic network">fibre-optic network</a> connects all classrooms and all boys' bedrooms to the internet.<a href="#cite_note-time-81">[81]</a> The primary responsibility for a boy's studies lies with his House Master, but he is assisted by an additional director of studies, known as a tutor.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> Classes, formally known as "divisions" ("divs") or "schools", are organised on a School basis; the classrooms are separate from the houses. New blocks of classrooms have appeared approximately every decade since the construction of New (mathematics) Schools, designed by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Woodyer" title="Henry Woodyer">Henry Woodyer</a> and built 1861–63.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Despite the introduction of modern technology, the external appearance and locations of many of the classrooms have remained unchanged for a long time. The oldest classroom still in use, "Lower School", dates from the 15th century, though this is now used more for religious services and as a detention centre. Every evening, about 75 minutes, known as Quiet Hour, is set aside, during which boys are expected to study or prepare work for their teachers if not otherwise engaged.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Specialists (boys in sixth form) are not obliged to observe Quiet Hours but must still remain quiet and respectful during the allocated time. Some Houses, at the discretion of the House Master, may observe a second Quiet Hour after prayers in the evening. This is less formal, with boys being allowed to visit each other's rooms to socialise if neither boy has work outstanding. The <a href="/wiki/Independent_Schools_Inspectorate" title="Independent Schools Inspectorate">Independent Schools Inspectorate</a>'s report for 2016 says, "The achievement of pupils is exceptional. Progress and abilities of all pupils are at a high level. Pupils are highly successful in public examinations, and the record of entrance to universities with demanding entry requirements in the United Kingdom and overseas is strong."<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> In 2017, a <a href="/wiki/Science,_technology,_engineering,_and_mathematics" title="Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics">science, technology, engineering, and mathematics</a> (STEM) schools skills ranking table, designed to show employability, showed the school performed disproportionally badly, falling to 109th place and behind many state schools. <a href="/wiki/Edwina_Dunn" title="Edwina Dunn">Edwina Dunn</a>, the chairwoman of the company producing the report, called for schools to be reassessed based on how suitable pupils are for businesses in the post-Brexit world.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="School_publications">School publications</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: School publications">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eton_College_Chronicle_Front_Page_14_May_1863.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Eton_College_Chronicle_Front_Page_14_May_1863.png/220px-Eton_College_Chronicle_Front_Page_14_May_1863.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="354" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Eton_College_Chronicle_Front_Page_14_May_1863.png/330px-Eton_College_Chronicle_Front_Page_14_May_1863.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Eton_College_Chronicle_Front_Page_14_May_1863.png/440px-Eton_College_Chronicle_Front_Page_14_May_1863.png 2x" data-file-width="468" data-file-height="752" /></a><figcaption>Front page of The Chronicle from 14 May 1863</figcaption></figure> The Chronicle is the official school magazine, having been founded in 1863.<a href="#cite_note-Nevill,_p.25-87">[87]</a> It is edited by boys at the school. Although liable to censorship, it has a tradition of satirising and attacking school policies, as well as documenting recent events. The Oppidan, founded in 1828,<a href="#cite_note-Nevill,_p.25-87">[87]</a> was published once a half; it covered all sport in Eton and some professional events as well, but ceased to exist until a recent revival in 2023. The Junior Chronicle is the official school magazine of Lower Boys (pupils in their first two years at Eton) and it is written, edited and designed solely by them. In 2022, the Press Office became known as the Eton College Journalism Association. A totally boy-run team, headed by a Master, now runs the publication which reports on notable events across school life and societies, serving as an important summary of all that happens within the School. Other school magazines, including The Academic Yearbook, The Arts Review, and The Eton Zeitgeist have been published, as well as publications produced by individual departments such as The 1440 Review<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> (history), The Agathon (philosophy), The Axiom (mathematics), Scientific Etonian (science), The Ampersand (English), Biopsy (medicine), The Lexicon (modern languages) and The Etonal (music). Online publications also include EtonSTEM (STEM subjects) and The Florentina (environmental). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Societies">Societies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Societies">edit</a>]</div> At Eton, there are many organisations known as 'societies', in many of which pupils come together to discuss a particular topic or to listen to a lecture, presided over by a senior pupil, and often including a guest speaker.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> As of September 2024, there are 80 clubs, activities and societies in existence, catering for a wide range of interests and largely run by boys. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grants_and_admissions">Grants and admissions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Grants and admissions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Students_on_the_Eton_College_Summer_Holiday_Programme.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Students_on_the_Eton_College_Summer_Holiday_Programme.jpg/220px-Students_on_the_Eton_College_Summer_Holiday_Programme.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Students_on_the_Eton_College_Summer_Holiday_Programme.jpg/330px-Students_on_the_Eton_College_Summer_Holiday_Programme.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Students_on_the_Eton_College_Summer_Holiday_Programme.jpg/440px-Students_on_the_Eton_College_Summer_Holiday_Programme.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="374" /></a><figcaption>Pupils on the Eton College Summer Holiday Programme, 2013</figcaption></figure> Prizes are awarded on the results of trials (internal exams), GCSE and AS-levels. In addition, many subjects and activities have specially endowed prizes, several of which are awarded by visiting experts. The most prestigious of these is the <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_Scholarship" title="Newcastle Scholarship">Newcastle Scholarship</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_Scholarship" title="Newcastle Scholarship">Newcastle Scholarship</a> is awarded on the strength of an examination, consisting of two papers in philosophical theology, moral theory and applied ethics. The Keynes Prize is awarded on an examination of a particular topic within the branch of Economics.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> The Rosebery Prize for History is awarded on the same day as the Newcastle Scholarship, and follows a similar format of a three-hour exam during the Lent Half (although the Newcastle Scholarship is awarded on the basis of two such examinations).<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Also of note is the Gladstone Memorial Prize and the Coutts Prize, awarded on the results of trials and AS-level examinations in C block (<a href="/wiki/Year_Twelve" class="mw-redirect" title="Year Twelve">Year 12</a>); and the Huxley Prize, awarded for a project on a scientific subject. Other specialist prizes include the Newcastle Classical Prize (which was formerly the same prize as the Newcastle Scholarship, but the two were separated as a decreasing number of philosophers were fluent in Latin and Classical Greek); the Queen's Prizes for French and German; the Duke of Newcastle's Russian Prize; the Beddington Spanish Prize; the Strafford and Bowman Shakespeare Prizes; the <a href="/wiki/George_Tomline_(politician)#Tomline_Prize" title="George Tomline (politician)">Tomline</a> and Russell Prizes for Mathematics; the Robert Bridges Prize for English; the Sotheby Prize for History of Art; the Waddington Prize for Theology and Philosophy; the Birley Prize for History; the Rorie Mackenzie Prize for Modern Languages; the Robert Boyle Prize for Physics; the Macmillan Prize for Politics; the Wilder Prize for Theology and the Hervey Verse Prize for poetry in senior years. Prizes are awarded too for excellence in activities outside of academics. The Loder Declamation Prize is one of the oldest prizes and the most prestigious non-academic prize in the School where boys are required to read a bible passage, a monologue from a Shakespeare play, and a set of prose. Other non-academic prizes are awarded for activities such as painting, sculpture, ceramics, playing musical instruments, musical composition, acting, backstage work, classical and modern language declamation, silverwork, and design.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Various benefactions make it possible to give grants each year to boys who wish, for educational or cultural reasons, to work or travel abroad. These include the Busk Fund, which supports individual ventures that show particular initiative; the C. M. Wells Memorial Trust Fund, for the promotion of visits to classical lands; the Sadler Fund, which supports, among others, those intending to enter the Foreign Service; and the Marsden Fund, for travel in countries where the principal language is not English. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Incentives_and_sanctions">Incentives and sanctions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Incentives and sanctions">edit</a>]</div> Eton has a well-established system for encouraging boys to produce high-standard work. An excellent piece of work may be rewarded with a "Show Up", to be shown to the boy's tutors as evidence of progress.<a href="#cite_note-McConnell,_p.84-93">[93]</a> If, in any particular term, a pupil makes a particularly good effort in any subject, he may be "Commended for Good Effort" to the Head Master (or Lower Master). If any boy produces an outstanding piece of work, it may be "Sent Up For Good",<a href="#cite_note-McConnell,_p.84-93">[93]</a> storing the effort in the College Archives for posterity. This award has been around since the 18th century. As Sending Up For Good is fairly infrequent, the process is rather mysterious to many of Eton's boys. First, the master wishing to Send Up For Good must gain the permission of the relevant Head of Department. Upon receiving approval from the Head of Department, the piece of work will be marked with Sent Up For Good and the pupil will receive a card to be signed by House Master, tutor and division master. The opposite of a Show Up is a "Rip".<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> This is for sub-standard work, which is sometimes torn at the top of the page/sheet and must be submitted to the boy's housemaster for signature. Boys who accumulate rips are liable to be given a "White Ticket", a form of a progress report which must be signed at intervals by all his teachers and may be accompanied by other punishments, usually involving doing domestic chores or <a href="/wiki/School_punishment#Writing_lines" class="mw-redirect" title="School punishment">writing lines</a>. In recent times,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">when?</a>] a milder form of the rip, 'sign for information', colloquially known as an "info", has been introduced, which must also be signed by the boy's housemaster and tutor. Internal examinations are held at the end of the Michaelmas half (i.e. autumn term) for all pupils except those in the last year, and in the Summer half for those in the first, second and fourth years (i.e. those not taking a full set of public examinations). These internal examinations are called "Trials".<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Boys who fail to achieve a certain mark in a subject in a set of trials are 'flagged', and sometimes asked to revise that subject over the coming holidays to then re-sit the exam at the beginning of the next half. A boy who is late for any division or other appointments may be required to sign "Tardy Book", a register kept in the School Office, between 7:35 am and 7:45 am, every morning for the duration of his sentence (typically three days).<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Tardy Book may also be issued for late work. For more serious misdeeds, a boy is placed "on the Bill", which involves him being summoned by the sudden entry of a prefect (Sixth Form Select) into one of his divisions, who announces in a loud and formal tone that at a given time a certain pupil must attend the office of the Head Master, or Lower Master if the boy is in the lower two years, to talk personally about his misdeeds.<a href="#cite_note-McConnell,_pp.83-84-97">[97]</a> In such cases the pupil would ordinarily receive a detention of either one or two hours in length, however it is possible for no punishment to be given if a sufficient explanation is provided. The most serious misdeeds may result in expulsion, suspension, or <a href="/wiki/Rustication_(academia)" title="Rustication (academia)">rustication</a> (a form of suspension which doesn't go on one's disciplinary record) or in former times, beating. Conversely, should a master be more than 15 minutes late for a class, traditionally the pupils may claim it as a "run" and absent themselves for the rest of its duration, provided they report their intention so to do at the School Office. A traditional punishment took the form of being made to copy, by hand, Latin <a href="/wiki/Hexameters" class="mw-redirect" title="Hexameters">hexameters</a>. Offenders were frequently set 100 hexameters by Library members, or, for more serious offences, <a href="/wiki/Georgics" title="Georgics">Georgics</a> (more than 500 hexameters) by their House Masters or the Head Master.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> The giving of a Georgic is now extremely rare, but still occasionally occurs. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Corporal_punishment">Corporal punishment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Corporal punishment">edit</a>]</div> Eton used to be renowned for its use of <a href="/wiki/School_corporal_punishment" title="School corporal punishment">corporal punishment</a>, generally known as "beating". In the 16th century, Friday was set aside as "flogging day".<a href="#cite_note-Nevill,_p.9-99">[99]</a> A special wooden birching block was used for the purpose, with the boy being directed to fetch it and then kneel over it. <a href="/wiki/John_Keate" title="John Keate">John Keate</a>, Head Master from 1809 to 1834, took over at a time when discipline was poor. Until 1964, offending boys could be summoned to the Head Master or the Lower Master, as appropriate, to receive a <a href="/wiki/Birching" title="Birching">birching</a> on the bare posterior, in a semi-public ceremony held in the Library[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute">dubious</a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Eton_College#Dubious" title="Talk:Eton College">discuss</a>], where there was a special wooden birching block over which the offender was held. <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Chenevix-Trench" title="Anthony Chenevix-Trench">Anthony Chenevix-Trench</a>, Head Master from 1964 to 1970, abolished the birch and replaced it with <a href="/wiki/Caning" title="Caning">caning</a>, also applied to the bare buttocks, which he administered privately in his office.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Chenevix-Trench also abolished corporal punishment administered by senior boys. Previously, House Captains were permitted to cane offenders over the seat of the trousers. This was a routine occurrence, carried out privately with the boy bending over with his head under the edge of a table. Less common but more severe were the canings administered by Pop (see <a href="/wiki/Eton_college#Prefects" class="mw-redirect" title="Eton college">Eton Society</a> below) in the form of a "Pop-Tanning", in which a large number of hard strokes were inflicted by the President of Pop in the presence of all Pop members (or, in earlier times, each member of Pop took it in turns to inflict a stroke). The culprit was summoned to appear in a pair of old trousers, as the caning would cut the cloth to shreds. This was the most severe form of physical punishment at Eton.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Chenevix-Trench's successor from 1970, <a href="/wiki/Michael_McCrum" title="Michael McCrum">Michael McCrum</a>, retained private corporal punishment by masters but ended the practice of requiring boys to take their trousers and underpants down when bending over to be caned by the Head Master. By the mid-1970s, the only people allowed to administer caning were the Head Master and the Lower Master.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Corporal punishment was phased out in the 1980s. The film director <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Doggart" title="Sebastian Doggart">Sebastian Doggart</a> claims to have been the last boy caned at Eton, in 1984.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefects">Prefects</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Prefects">edit</a>]</div> In addition to the masters, the following three categories of senior boys are entitled to exercise School discipline. Boys who belong to any of these categories, in addition to a limited number of other boy office holders, are entitled to wear winged collars with bow ties (known as "Stick-Ups"). <ul><li>Pop: officially known as 'Eton Society',<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> a society comprising the most well-regarded, confident and able senior boys. It is a driving ambition of many capable Eton schoolboys to be elected to Pop, and many high-performers who are refused entry to this society consider their careers at Eton a failure. <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> was a member of Pop, whilst <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> (unlike his elder brother <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Cameron_(barrister)" title="Alexander Cameron (barrister)">Alexander</a>) failed to be elected, which possibly fed their later political rivalry.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a></li></ul> Over the years its power and privileges have grown. Pop is the oldest self-electing society at Eton, created in 1811 by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fox_Townshend" title="Charles Fox Townshend">Charles Fox Townshend</a>. The rules were altered in 1987 and again in 2005 so that the new intake are not elected solely by the existing year and a committee of masters. Now, it involves a complex process where all boys in C Block, all teachers, Housemasters, Dames, and the current Pop vote for who they think are the best candidates. The Lower Master then compiles all this information and holds a final meeting called the 'Pop Committee', where all members are decided upon, including which of these members are to be chosen as the President of Pop, Chairman of Pop, Captain of the School and Captain of the Oppidans. Members of Pop wear a braided tailcoat (buttonhole), white and black <a href="/wiki/Houndstooth" title="Houndstooth">houndstooth</a>-checked trousers, a starched stick-up collar and a white bow-tie, and are entitled to wear flamboyant waistcoats, often of their own design. Historically, only members of Pop were entitled to furl their umbrellas<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> or sit on the wall on the Long Walk, in front of the main building. However, these traditions have died out. They perform roles at many of the routine events of the school year, including school plays, parents' evenings and other official events, and generally maintain order. Notable ex-members of Pop include the <a href="/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales" title="William, Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a> (unlike his younger brother the <a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex" title="Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex">Duke of Sussex</a>, who failed to be elected<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a>), <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Redmayne" title="Eddie Redmayne">Eddie Redmayne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Hallam" title="Arthur Hallam">Arthur Hallam</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">William Ewart Gladstone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stafford_Northcote" class="mw-redirect" title="Stafford Northcote">Stafford Northcote</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lord_Rosebery" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Rosebery">Lord Rosebery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hiddleston" title="Tom Hiddleston">Tom Hiddleston</a>. The former Provost <a href="/wiki/William_Waldegrave,_Baron_Waldegrave_of_North_Hill" title="William Waldegrave, Baron Waldegrave of North Hill">Lord Waldegrave</a> was both the President of Pop and Captain of the School. <ul><li>Sixth Form Select: an academically selected prefectorial group consisting, by custom, of the 10 senior King's Scholars and the 10 senior Oppidan Scholars (though recently, high-achieving pupils who are not King's or Oppidan Scholars have also been admitted entry).<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a></li></ul> The number of Sixth Form Select has grown over time. Members of Sixth Form Select are entitled to wear silver buttons on their waistcoats. They also act as Praepostors: they enter classrooms in mid-lesson without knocking and ask in a loud and formal tone, "Is (<a href="/wiki/Family_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Family name">family name</a>) in this division?" followed by "He is to see the Head Master at (time) on the bill" (the Bill, see above).<a href="#cite_note-McConnell,_pp.83-84-97">[97]</a> Members of Sixth Form Select also perform "Speeches", a formal event held five times a year, most notably on Fourth of June. The names of members of Sixth Form Select are engraved in the Head Master's Schoolroom. <ul><li>House Captains: The captains of each of the 25 boys' houses (see above). There are usually either one or two per house. They have little responsibility at a school level, but nonetheless act as representatives of their houses and help maintain order within the house. House Captains are entitled to wear a mottled-grey waistcoat with their house colours at the back. It is possible to belong to Pop, Sixth Form Select and be a House Captain at the same time. It is less common for a House Captain to belong to Pop but it still happens fairly often.</li></ul> The position of the Head Boys of Eton is divided into four roles: President of Pop, Chairman of Pop, Captain of the School and Captain of the Oppidans. The first two are the leaders of Pop and the latter two are the leaders of Sixth Form Select. Captain of the School and Captain of the Oppidans are also in Pop and in the Monarch (rowing prefect body) ex officio. In the era of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Queen Elizabeth I</a>, there were two praepostors in every form, who noted down the names of absentees. Until the late 19th century, there was a praepostor for every division of the school.<a href="#cite_note-Nevill,_p.9-99">[99]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Extra–curricular_activities">Extra–curricular activities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Extra–curricular activities">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wallgame_ethon_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Wallgame_ethon_2005.jpg/220px-Wallgame_ethon_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Wallgame_ethon_2005.jpg/330px-Wallgame_ethon_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Wallgame_ethon_2005.jpg/440px-Wallgame_ethon_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Boys participate in the <a href="/wiki/Eton_wall_game" title="Eton wall game">Eton wall game</a>, 2005</figcaption></figure> Sport is a feature of Eton; which has nearly 200 acres of playing fields and amenity land.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> The names of the playing fields include Agar's Plough, Dutchman's, Upper Club, Lower Club, Sixpenny/The Field, and Mesopotamia (situated between two streams and often shortened to "Mespots"). <ul><li>During the Michaelmas Half, the sport curriculum is dominated by <a href="/wiki/Soccer" class="mw-redirect" title="Soccer">football</a> (called Association) and <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a>, with some rowing for a smaller number of boys.</li> <li>During the Lent Half it is dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Eton_Field_Game" class="mw-redirect" title="Eton Field Game">field game</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Football" title="Football">code of football</a>, but this is unique to Eton and cannot be played against other schools. However, using strategies from the field game, the Eton football team (<a href="/wiki/Old_Etonians_F.C." title="Old Etonians F.C.">Old Etonians F.C.</a>) reached the finals of the <a href="/wiki/FA_Cup" title="FA Cup">FA Cup</a> 6 times, <a href="/wiki/List_of_FA_Cup_finals" title="List of FA Cup finals">winning twice</a> in 1879 and 1882. During this half, Collegers also play the <a href="/wiki/Eton_wall_game" title="Eton wall game">Eton wall game</a>; this game received national publicity when it was taken up by <a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Harry">Prince Harry</a>. Aided by <a href="/wiki/AstroTurf" title="AstroTurf">AstroTurf</a> facilities on Masters' field, <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">field hockey</a> has become a major Lent Half sport along with <a href="/wiki/Rugby_7%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Rugby 7's">Rugby 7's</a>. Elite <a href="/wiki/Rowing_(sport)" title="Rowing (sport)">rowers</a> prepare for the <a href="/wiki/Schools%27_Head_of_the_River_Race" title="Schools' Head of the River Race">Schools' Head of the River Race</a> in late March.</li> <li>During the Summer Half, sporting boys divide into dry bobs, who play cricket, tennis or <a href="/wiki/Sport_of_athletics" title="Sport of athletics">athletics</a>, and wet bobs, who row on the River Thames and the rowing lake in preparation for <a href="/wiki/The_National_Schools_Regatta" class="mw-redirect" title="The National Schools Regatta">The National Schools Regatta</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Princess_Elizabeth_Challenge_Cup" title="Princess Elizabeth Challenge Cup">Princess Elizabeth Challenge Cup</a> at <a href="/wiki/Henley_Royal_Regatta" title="Henley Royal Regatta">Henley Royal Regatta</a>.</li></ul> The <a href="/wiki/Dorney_Lake" title="Dorney Lake">rowing lake at Dorney</a> was developed and is owned by the college. It was the venue for the <a href="/wiki/Sport_rowing" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport rowing">rowing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canoeing_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="Canoeing at the 2012 Summer Olympics">canoeing</a> events at the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012 Summer Olympics</a> and the World Junior Rowing Championships.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Eton_v_Harrow" title="Eton v Harrow">annual cricket match</a> against <a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow</a> at <a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Cricket_Ground" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord's Cricket Ground">Lord's Cricket Ground</a> is the oldest fixture of the cricketing calendar, having been played there since 1805. A staple of the London society calendar since the 1800s,<a href="#cite_note-world_and_its_people-111">[111]</a> in 1914, its importance was such that over 38,000 people attended the two days' play, and in 1910 <a href="/wiki/Fowler%27s_match" title="Fowler's match">the match</a> made national headlines<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> but interest has since declined considerably, and the match is now a one-day <a href="/wiki/Limited_overs_cricket" title="Limited overs cricket">limited overs</a> contest. In the 2024 match, Harrow were the victors. In 1815, Eton College documented its football rules, the first football code to be written down anywhere in the world.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Eton Match was the annual cricket match between Eton and <a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester</a> held at each school alternately. First played in 1826, it was originally just the cricket match, held over two days, with a dinner or concert or dance on one of the evenings. Eton Match, as such, ceased to exist by 2001.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> There is a running track at the Thames Valley Athletics Centre and an annual <a href="/wiki/Steeplechase_(athletics)" title="Steeplechase (athletics)">steeplechase</a>. The running track was controversial as it was purchased with a £3m <a href="/wiki/National_Lottery_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Lottery (United Kingdom)">National Lottery</a> grant with the school getting full daytime use of the facilities in exchange for £200k and 4.5 acres (1.8 hectares) of land. The bursar claimed that Windsor, Slough and Eton Athletic club was "deprived" because it did not have a world-class running track and facilities for training and the <a href="/wiki/Sports_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports Council">Sports Council</a> agreed, saying the whole community would benefit. However Steve Osborn, director of the Safe Neighbourhoods Unit, described the decision as "staggering" given substantial reduction in youth services by councils across the country.<a href="#cite_note-indy-116">[116]</a> The facility which became the Thames Valley Athletics Centre opened in April 1999.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> Eton's <a href="/wiki/Rifle_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Rifle shooting">Shooting VIII</a> competed in the <a href="/wiki/Ashburton_Shield" title="Ashburton Shield">Ashburton Shield</a> for many decades against the other major <a href="/wiki/Public_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public school (United Kingdom)">public schools</a>. In July 1935, the "Public School Rivalry" was reported thus: "<a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester</a>, Eton, <a href="/wiki/Rugby_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Rugby College">Rugby</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clifton_College" title="Clifton College">Clifton</a>, all previous winners, were determined to add to their laurels" in the competition. Eton reportedly drew with Charterhouse and beat Clifton in the July 1939 competition held at <a href="/wiki/National_Shooting_Centre" title="National Shooting Centre">Bisley</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> As with the other schools, Eton's <a href="/wiki/Cadet_corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadet corps">cadet corps</a> sent a team of eight men - the Shooting VIII - to compete annually at Bisley.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Among the other sports played at Eton is <a href="/wiki/Eton_Fives" class="mw-redirect" title="Eton Fives">Eton Fives</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Olympic_rowing">Olympic rowing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Olympic rowing">edit</a>]</div> In 2006,<a href="#cite_note-DorneyLake-123">[123]</a> six years before the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012 London Summer Olympics</a> and <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Paralympics" title="2012 Summer Paralympics">London 2012 Summer Paralympic Games</a>, Eton completed the construction of <a href="/wiki/Dorney_Lake" title="Dorney Lake">Dorney Lake</a>, a permanent, eight-lane, 2,200 metre course (about 1.4 miles) in a 400-acre park. Eton financed the construction from its own funds. Officially known throughout the Games as Eton Dorney, Dorney Lake provided training facilities for Olympic and Paralympic competitors, and during the Games, hosted the Olympic and Paralympic Rowing competitions as well as the Olympic Canoe Sprint event.<a href="#cite_note-DorneyLake-123">[123]</a> It attracted over 400,000 visitors during the Games period (around 30,000 per day), and was voted the best 2012 Olympic venue by spectators.<a href="#cite_note-DorneyLake-123">[123]</a> Thirty medal events were held on Dorney Lake, during which Team GB won a total of 12 medals, making the lake one of the most successful venues for Team GB. The <a href="/wiki/International_Rowing_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="International Rowing Federation">FISA</a> President, <a href="/wiki/Denis_Oswald_(sports_official)" title="Denis Oswald (sports official)">Denis Oswald</a>, described it as "the best-ever Olympic rowing venue".<a href="#cite_note-DorneyLake-123">[123]</a> In June 2013, it hosted the <a href="/wiki/World_Rowing_Cup" title="World Rowing Cup">World Rowing Cup</a>. Access to the parkland around the Lake is provided to members of the public, free of charge, almost all the year round.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> The current "Precentor" (Director of Music) is Tim Johnson, who took over from <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Allwood" title="Ralph Allwood">Ralph Allwood</a> in September 2011. The School has eight organs and an entire building for music (performance spaces include two concert venues: the Parry Hall and the Concert Hall). The Salata Auditorium (School Hall) is the largest concert venue in the school, seating about 700 people. The <a href="/wiki/Eton_College_Chapel" title="Eton College Chapel">College Chapel</a> and Lower Chapel also act as a centre of choral music. The School has a variety of musical groups, including two chapel choirs, a symphony and chamber orchestra, jazz bands, a marching band, a pipe band, a gospel choir, a pop choir, two <a href="/wiki/A_cappella" title="A cappella">a cappella</a> groups and numerous rock bands who regularly perform at open gig nights and more. Music production and technology, as well as musical theatre, have also grown in popularity in recent years. The College Chapel Choir (the main chapel choir of the School) perform three times a week in regular services in College Chapel on top of a rigorous rehearsal schedule. They often perform at other large events such as at <a href="/wiki/St._Andrew%27s_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Andrew's Day">St. Andrew's Day</a>, the "Fourth of June", <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Ascension" title="Feast of the Ascension">Ascension Day</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Carol_service" title="Carol service">Carol Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/Remembrance_Day" title="Remembrance Day">Remembrance Day</a>, and joint <a href="/wiki/Evensong" title="Evensong">evensongs</a> with other chapel choirs, such as those of <a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester College</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._George%27s_Chapel" class="mw-redirect" title="St. George's Chapel">St. George's Chapel</a>. The Symphony Orchestra performs at the end of every term in a large School Concert, which always includes a piece featuring a large solo number performed by a boy. The Summer term School Concert also consists of the "Vale", the <a href="/wiki/Eton_Boating_Song" title="Eton Boating Song">Eton Boating Song</a>, which is sung by the most esteemed singers in B Block as they prepare to leave the School. Both the choir (and its complementary boy-run a cappella group, the "Incognitos") and the orchestra regularly tour internationally to countries such as France, Spain, Portugal, Romania, Latvia, the USA and Hong Kong. Many instruments are taught, including obscure ones such as the <a href="/wiki/Didgeridoo" title="Didgeridoo">didgeridoo</a>. The School participates in many national competitions; many pupils are part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Youth_Orchestra_of_Great_Britain" title="National Youth Orchestra of Great Britain">National Youth Orchestra</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Youth_Choir_of_Great_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="National Youth Choir of Great Britain">National Youth Choir</a>. The School gives scholarships and exhibitions for dedicated and talented musicians, as well as honorary exhibitions for boys who have proven their musical ability throughout their time at Eton, though these provide no financial benefit directly. Those with a scholarship or exhibition are entitled to have the <a href="/wiki/Post-nominal_letters" title="Post-nominal letters">post-nominal letters</a> MS or ME depending on what form of award they have. Every year a choral scholarship is also awarded to someone who has proven exceptional choral and singing abilities, but then not in other fields of music. Recipients of this award have typically been choristers at top collegiate and cathedral choirs across the country, such as those of <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Cathedral" title="Westminster Cathedral">Westminster Cathedral</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Paul%27s_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Paul's Cathedral">St. Paul's Cathedral</a>. Many boys go on to continue singing in choirs as choral scholars or playing the organ as organ scholars at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a>. Former Precentor Ralph Allwood set up and organised Eton Choral Courses, now the Rodolfus Foundation, which run at the School, as well as at Oxford and Cambridge amongst other venues, every summer. Every two year, Eton employs a 'Composer-in-Residence', an external professional composer on a two-year contract who normally commissions new music for the main choir, as well as teaching Music GCSE and A Level to most year groups. In 2009, the School's musical protégés came to wider notice when featured in a TV documentary A Boy Called Alex. The film followed an Etonian, <a href="/wiki/Alex_Stobbs" title="Alex Stobbs">Alex Stobbs</a>, a musician with <a href="/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis" title="Cystic fibrosis">cystic fibrosis</a>, as he worked toward conducting the difficult <a href="/wiki/Magnificat_(Bach)" title="Magnificat (Bach)">Magnificat</a> by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach" title="Johann Sebastian Bach">Johann Sebastian Bach</a>.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> Other notable musical prodigies at the School include piano prodigy <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Wang" title="Ryan Wang">Ryan Wang</a> who joined the school in September 2020, now under the guidance of Ms. Jennie-Helen Moston. The School has produced many famous musicians in its history, including <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Parry" title="Hubert Parry">Hubert Parry</a>, the writer of the hymn "<a href="/wiki/And_did_those_feet_in_ancient_times" class="mw-redirect" title="And did those feet in ancient times">Jerusalem</a>" and the coronation anthem "<a href="/wiki/I_was_glad" title="I was glad">I was glad</a>". <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drama">Drama</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Drama">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Farrer_Theatre.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Farrer_Theatre.JPG/220px-Farrer_Theatre.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Farrer_Theatre.JPG/330px-Farrer_Theatre.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Farrer_Theatre.JPG/440px-Farrer_Theatre.JPG 2x" data-file-width="622" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption>The exterior of Eton's main theatre, the Farrer</figcaption></figure> Numerous plays are put on every year at Eton College; there is one main theatre, called the Farrer (seating 400) and 2 Studio theatres, called the Caccia Studio and Empty Space (seating 90 and 80 respectively). There are about 8 or 9 house productions each year, around 3 or 4 "independent" plays (plays produced, directed and funded by boys) and three school plays, one specifically for boys in the first two years, and two open to all years. The school plays have such good reputations that they are normally fully booked every night.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In recent years, the School has put on a musical version of <a href="/wiki/The_Bacchae" title="The Bacchae">The Bacchae</a> (October 2009) as well as productions of <a href="/wiki/A_Funny_Thing_Happened_on_the_Way_to_the_Forum" title="A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum">A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum</a> (May 2010), <a href="/wiki/The_Cherry_Orchard" title="The Cherry Orchard">The Cherry Orchard</a> (February 2011), <a href="/wiki/Joseph_K" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph K">Joseph K</a> (October 2011), <a href="/wiki/Cyrano_de_Bergerac_(play)" title="Cyrano de Bergerac (play)">Cyrano de Bergerac</a> (May 2012), <a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a> (October 2012), <a href="/wiki/London_Assurance" title="London Assurance">London Assurance</a> (May 2013), <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_(play)" title="Jerusalem (play)">Jerusalem</a> (October 2013), <a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream">A Midsummer Night's Dream</a> (May 2014), <a href="/wiki/Antigone_(Sophocles_play)" title="Antigone (Sophocles play)">Antigone</a> (October 2015), <a href="/wiki/The_Government_Inspector" title="The Government Inspector">The Government Inspector</a> (May 2016), <a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Romeo and Juliet">Romeo and Juliet</a> (May 2017), <a href="/wiki/Beaux_Stratagem" class="mw-redirect" title="Beaux Stratagem">Beaux Stratagem</a> (October 2021), <a href="/wiki/Vernon_God_Little" title="Vernon God Little">Vernon God Little</a> (May 2022), <a href="/wiki/Equus_(play)" title="Equus (play)">Equus (play)</a> (October 2022), <a href="/wiki/Ink" title="Ink">Ink</a> (May 2023), <a href="/wiki/After_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="After Life">After Life</a> (May 2024) and <a href="/wiki/Jack_Absolute_Flies_Again" title="Jack Absolute Flies Again">Jack Absolute Flies Again</a> (October 2024). On top of this, the School also holds a fringe-style School Play Festival every few years, where pupils and teachers write, direct and act in their own plays, hosted over the period of a week. The most recent one was held in October 2023, which hosted a wide variety of plays, from a comedy sketch, to a double bill of a musical and Eton's first dance performance. Previously, the School used to cast girls in female roles from neighbouring schools, but more recently, these roles have been taken up by versatile actors at the School. Boys from the School are also responsible for the lighting, sound, stage management, costume and set design, and makeup of all the productions, under the guidance of several professional full-time theatre staff.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Every year, Eton employs a 'Director-in-Residence', an external professional director on a one-year contract who normally directs one house play and the Lower Boy play (a school play open solely to the first two-year groups), as well as teaching Drama and Theatre Studies to most year groups. The drama department is headed by Rebecca Farley and several other teachers; <a href="/wiki/Simon_Dormandy" title="Simon Dormandy">Simon Dormandy</a> was on the staff until late 2012. The School offers GCSE drama and A Level Theatre Studies. The School has produced many famous actors as well, including <a href="/wiki/Dominic_West" title="Dominic West">Dominic West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hiddleston" title="Tom Hiddleston">Tom Hiddleston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Redmayne" title="Eddie Redmayne">Eddie Redmayne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Damian_Lewis" title="Damian Lewis">Damian Lewis</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Celebrations">Celebrations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Celebrations">edit</a>]</div> Eton's best-known holiday takes place on the so-called "Fourth of June", a celebration of the birthday of <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">George III</a>, Eton's greatest patron.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> This day is celebrated with the Procession of Boats, in which the top rowing crews from the top four years row past in vintage wooden rowing boats. After a normal chapel service, boys may attend a series of musical concerts, film screenings, sports displays, and "Speeches" performed by Sixth Form Select, before they gather on Agar's Plough for lunch in stalls. The 'Five Point' challenge is a tradition attempted by many boys the night before the "Fourth of June", where boys have to try and sneak out of their boarding house at night without being caught by their Housemaster or the security guards on patrol. The aim is to visit five notable points across and take photos there; some of these 'points' include the athletic centre, the roof of Bekynton (the school canteen), Windsor Bridge, and even the statue of King Henry VI in School Yard. Similar to the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Official_Birthday" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Official Birthday">Queen's Official Birthday</a>, the "Fourth of June" is no longer celebrated on 4 June, but on the Saturday before the start of the Summer term set of trials. Eton also observes <a href="/wiki/St._Andrew%27s_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Andrew's Day">St. Andrew's Day</a>, on which the <a href="/wiki/Eton_wall_game" title="Eton wall game">Eton wall game</a> is played.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Charitable_status_and_fees">Charitable status and fees</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Charitable status and fees">edit</a>]</div> Until 18 December 2010, Eton College was an <a href="/wiki/Exempt_charity" title="Exempt charity">exempt charity</a> under English law (Charities Act 1993, Schedule 2). Under the provisions of the Charities Act 2006, it is now an excepted charity, and fully registered with the <a href="/wiki/Charity_Commission_for_England_and_Wales" title="Charity Commission for England and Wales">Charities Commission</a>,<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> and is now one of the 100 largest charities in the UK.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> As a charity, it benefits from substantial <a href="/wiki/Tax_break" title="Tax break">tax breaks</a>. It was calculated by <a href="/wiki/David_Jewell_(headmaster)" title="David Jewell (headmaster)">David Jewell</a>, former Master of <a href="/wiki/Haileybury_and_Imperial_Service_College" title="Haileybury and Imperial Service College">Haileybury</a>, that in 1992 such tax breaks saved the school about £1,945 per pupil per year, although he had no direct connection with the school. This subsidy has declined since the 2001 abolition by the Labour Government of state-funded scholarships (formerly known as "assisted places") to independent schools. However, no child attended Eton on this scheme, meaning that the actual level of state assistance to the school has always been lower. Eton's former Head Master, Tony Little, has claimed that the benefits that Eton provides to the local community free of charge (use of its facilities, etc.) have a higher value than the tax breaks it receives as a result of its charitable status. The fee for the academic year 2023-2024 was £52,749 (approximately US$67,000 or <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>62,000 as of November 2021),<a href="#cite_note-fees-132">[132]</a> although the sum is considerably lower for those pupils on bursaries and scholarships. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Old_Etonians">Old Etonians</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Old Etonians">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a list of former pupils of Eton College, see <a href="/wiki/Old_Etonians" title="Old Etonians">Old Etonians</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main pages: <a href="/wiki/Category:People_educated_at_Eton_College" title="Category:People educated at Eton College">Category:People educated at Eton College</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Old_Etonians_born_before_the_18th_century" title="List of Old Etonians born before the 18th century">List of Old Etonians born before the 18th century</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Old_Etonians_born_in_the_18th_century" title="List of Old Etonians born in the 18th century">List of Old Etonians born in the 18th century</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Old_Etonians_born_in_the_19th_century" title="List of Old Etonians born in the 19th century">List of Old Etonians born in the 19th century</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Old_Etonians_born_in_the_20th_century" title="List of Old Etonians born in the 20th century">List of Old Etonians born in the 20th century</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Old_Etonians_in_the_Military" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Old Etonians in the Military">List of Old Etonians in the Military</a>, and <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Scholar" title="King's Scholar">King's Scholar</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Berkshire.svg/32px-Flag_of_Berkshire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Berkshire.svg/48px-Flag_of_Berkshire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Berkshire.svg/64px-Flag_of_Berkshire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="384" data-file-height="230" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Berkshire" title="Portal:Berkshire">Berkshire portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/28px-School.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/42px-School.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/56px-School.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Schools" title="Portal:Schools">Schools portal</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eton_and_Castle" title="Eton and Castle">Eton and Castle</a>, the electoral ward that includes the College</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_Boating_Song" title="Eton Boating Song">Eton Boating Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_College_Collections" title="Eton College Collections">Eton College Collections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_mess" title="Eton mess">Eton mess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_Montem" title="Eton Montem">Eton Montem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_Racing_Boats" title="Eton Racing Boats">Eton Racing Boats</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Eton_Rifles" title="The Eton Rifles">The Eton Rifles</a>", a 1979 song by <a href="/wiki/The_Jam" title="The Jam">the Jam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_Summer_Course" title="Eton Summer Course">Eton Summer Course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_head_masters_of_Eton_College" class="mw-redirect" title="List of head masters of Eton College">List of head masters of Eton College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_oldest_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of the oldest schools in the United Kingdom">List of the oldest schools in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_oldest_schools_in_the_world" class="mw-redirect" title="List of the oldest schools in the world">List of the oldest schools in the world</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-GOV.UK-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GOV.UK_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GOV.UK_1-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://get-information-schools.service.gov.uk/Establishments/Establishment/Details/110158">"Eton College"</a>. 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Retrieved 5 November 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Current+Fees&rft.pub=Eton+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etoncollege.com%2FCurrentFees.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells2008" class="citation cs2">Wells, John C. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kingswinford.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/com/kinver/kinverchurch.htm">the original</a> on 25 February 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kinver+Church+%E2%80%93+kingswinford.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kingswinford.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk%2Fcom%2Fkinver%2Fkinverchurch.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-lrb-15"><a href="#cite_ref-lrb_15-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHope2013" class="citation news cs1">Hope, Charles (7 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lrb.co.uk/v35/n05/charles-hope/at-eton">"At Eton"</a>. London Review of Books. Retrieved 28 February 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=London+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=At+Eton&rft.date=2013-03-07&rft.aulast=Hope&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lrb.co.uk%2Fv35%2Fn05%2Fcharles-hope%2Fat-eton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> Nevill. p. 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Nevill, p. 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> Nevill, p. 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Nikolaus Pevsner, Buildings of England – Buckinghamshire </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> Nikolaus Pevsner, op. cit. p. 119. </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080308061735/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,762878,00.html">"Ploughing Fields of Eton"</a>. Time. New York. 27 November 1939. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,762878,00.html">the original</a> on 8 March 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Ploughing+Fields+of+Eton&rft.date=1939-11-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C762878%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> Nevill, p. 125. </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> Nikolaus Pevsner, op. cit. </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> Extracts from c. 20 of A History of Eton College by Maxwell Lyte: These rooms contained little besides wooden bedsteads and bureaus. Chairs and tables [were] for the privileged few, and the wind whistled through the gaping casements. Candlesticks were made by folding the cover of a school book and cutting a hole to receive the candle. A servant was supposed to sweep the rooms, make beds and light fires, but this was all. The lower boys had to fetch water from the pump for [the seniors]. They themselves had neither washstands nor basins...New boys were tossed in blankets until about 1832. In 1834, "the inmates of a workhouse are better fed than the scholars of Eton ... Boys who could not pay for a private room [in the town] are said to have undergone privations that would be thought inhuman if inflicted on a galley slave." </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> J. Stuart Maclure, Educational Documents: England and Wales, 1816 to present day (Methuen Young Books, 1973, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-416-78290-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-416-78290-5">978-0-416-78290-5</a>), p. 83 </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> Report of Her Majesty's Commissioners appointed to inquire into the Revenues and Management of certain Colleges and Schools, and the Studies pursued and Instruction given therein; with an Appendix and Evidence, vol. III (evidence) (Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1864), <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IIRLAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA114">[1]</a> pp. 114–116 </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> The Boy's Own Paper November 1915 to September 1919 </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> Arthur C. Benson, Hugh, Memoirs of a Brother, chapter eight </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/archivesandmanuscripts/2021/01/04/school-empire-tour/">"Clarendon Archive: The School Empire-Tour"</a>. 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2023. <q>Between 1926 and 1939, the School Empire-Tour Committee, an offshoot of the Church of England Council of Empire Settlement, organised a series of Empire tours for British public school boys that started with a trip to Australia in 1926</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clarendon+Archive%3A+The+School+Empire-Tour&rft.date=2021&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.bodleian.ox.ac.uk%2Farchivesandmanuscripts%2F2021%2F01%2F04%2Fschool-empire-tour%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGriffiths1931" class="citation book cs1">Griffiths, J. (1931). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781351024822-13/public-school-boys-empire-tour-times-educational-supplement-18th-august-1931-321-john-griffiths">Public School Boys Empire Tour</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4324%2F9781351024822-13">10.4324/9781351024822-13</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-351-02482-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-351-02482-2"><bdi>978-1-351-02482-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:239230496">239230496</a>. Retrieved 6 August 2023. <q>This document, relating to the connection between the public schools and Empire, records the tour of public school boys to Australia in the early 1930s. Between 1926 and 1939 the School Empire Tour Committee, an offshoot of the Church of England Council of Settlement, organised a series of Empire tours for British public-school boys. The first tour travelled to Australia; the last went to Canada.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Public+School+Boys+Empire+Tour&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1931&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A239230496%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4324%2F9781351024822-13&rft.isbn=978-1-351-02482-2&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taylorfrancis.com%2Fchapters%2Fedit%2F10.4324%2F9781351024822-13%2Fpublic-school-boys-empire-tour-times-educational-supplement-18th-august-1931-321-john-griffiths&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/54872123">"British Public School Boys Visiting Adelaide"</a>. The Register. Adelaide. 20 September 1926. p. 10. Retrieved 6 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Register&rft.atitle=British+Public+School+Boys+Visiting+Adelaide&rft.pages=10&rft.date=1926-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fnewspaper%2Farticle%2F54872123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarper2023" class="citation journal cs1">Harper, M. (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0308653042000279669">"Personal contact is worth a ton of text-books': educational tours of the empire, 1926–39"</a>. The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History. 32 (3). Informa UK Limited: 48–76. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F0308653042000279669">10.1080/0308653042000279669</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162217400">162217400</a>. Retrieved 6 August 2023. <q>...[student from] Eton ...[student from] Clifton</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Imperial+and+Commonwealth+History&rft.atitle=Personal+contact+is+worth+a+ton+of+text-books%27%3A+educational+tours+of+the+empire%2C+1926%E2%80%9339&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=48-76&rft.date=2023&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F0308653042000279669&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162217400%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F0308653042000279669&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.subbrit.org.uk/rsg/sites/e/eton_college/index.html">"Eton College Site Visit Report"</a>. Subbrit.org.uk. 28 October 2000. Retrieved 3 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eton+College+Site+Visit+Report&rft.pub=Subbrit.org.uk&rft.date=2000-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.subbrit.org.uk%2Frsg%2Fsites%2Fe%2Feton_college%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-53062502">"The racist questions I was asked at Eton"</a>. BBC News. 23 June 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+racist+questions+I+was+asked+at+Eton&rft.date=2020-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-africa-53062502&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/amp/world-africa-53139325">"Eton apologises to Nigerian ex-pupil Onyeama for racism"</a>. BBC News. 22 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Eton+apologises+to+Nigerian+ex-pupil+Onyeama+for+racism&rft.date=2020-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Famp%2Fworld-africa-53139325&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarmer2011" class="citation news cs1">Farmer, Ben (16 June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/terrorism-in-the-uk/8578710/Eton-and-The-Ritz-on-al-Qaeda-hit-list.html">"Eton and The Ritz on al-Qaeda hit list"</a>. The Daily Telegraph. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/terrorism-in-the-uk/8578710/Eton-and-The-Ritz-on-al-Qaeda-hit-list.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 18 June 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Eton+and+The+Ritz+on+al-Qaeda+hit+list&rft.date=2011-06-16&rft.aulast=Farmer&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2Fterrorism-in-the-uk%2F8578710%2FEton-and-The-Ritz-on-al-Qaeda-hit-list.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-etoncollege.com-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-etoncollege.com_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-etoncollege.com_37-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etoncollege.com/ArmsMotto.aspx">"The Arms and Motto"</a>. Eton College. Retrieved 27 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Arms+and+Motto&rft.pub=Eton+College&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etoncollege.com%2FArmsMotto.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/princess-kates-surprising-family-connection-to-eton-college-revealed/RK3SXSOJZFH4VG46VKBPX45C6A/">"Princess Kate's surprising family connection to Eton College revealed"</a>. NZ Herald. 10 July 2023. Retrieved 21 July 2023. <q>Dr Lupton's coat of arms, given to him by Henry VII, is made up of three wolves' heads (Lupus is the Latin word for wolf) and three lilies, which also appear on the Eton College coat of arms.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Princess+Kate%27s+surprising+family+connection+to+Eton+College+revealed&rft.date=2023-07-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Flifestyle%2Fprincess-kates-surprising-family-connection-to-eton-college-revealed%2FRK3SXSOJZFH4VG46VKBPX45C6A%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-governors-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-governors_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-governors_39-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221013121106/https://www.etoncollege.com/about-us/our-governing-body/">"Our Governing Body"</a>. Eton College. 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etoncollege.com/about-us/our-governing-body">the original</a> on 13 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+Governing+Body&rft.pub=Eton+College&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etoncollege.com%2Fabout-us%2Four-governing-body&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etoncollege.com/TheEtonCurriculum-TheStaff.aspx">"College staff"</a>. Eton College. Retrieved 7 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=College+staff&rft.pub=Eton+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etoncollege.com%2FTheEtonCurriculum-TheStaff.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-engines-41"><a href="#cite_ref-engines_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenKynaston2019" class="citation book cs1">Green, Francis; <a href="/wiki/David_Kynaston" title="David Kynaston">Kynaston, David</a> (2019). <a href="/wiki/Engines_of_Privilege" title="Engines of Privilege">Engines of privilege : Britain's private school problem</a>. London: Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5266-0127-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5266-0127-8"><bdi>978-1-5266-0127-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1108696740">1108696740</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Engines+of+privilege+%3A+Britain%27s+private+school+problem&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1108696740&rft.isbn=978-1-5266-0127-8&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft.au=Kynaston%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-42"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_42-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/4634031.stm">"What is it like at Eton College?"</a>. 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Retrieved 18 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Summer+Boarding+Courses&rft.atitle=11+Facts+About+Eton+College+you+might+not+know&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.summerboardingcourses.com%2Fblogs%2F11-facts-about-eton-college-you-might-not-know%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DEton%2520has%2520a%2520unique%2520uniform.%26text%3DMost%2520recognisable%2520is%2520the%2520black%2Ca%2520distinctive%2520white%2520neck%2520tie.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etoncollege.com/blog/traditions-and-change-views-from-a-pupil/">"Traditions and Change: Views From a Pupil"</a>. Eton College. 1 June 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eton+College&rft.atitle=Traditions+and+Change%3A+Views+From+a+Pupil&rft.date=2020-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etoncollege.com%2Fblog%2Ftraditions-and-change-views-from-a-pupil%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> Nevill, p. 33. </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> (1864). Report of Her Majesty's Commissioners Appointed to Inquire into the Revenues and Management of Certain Colleges and Schools and the Studies Pursued and Instruction Given Therein; with an Appendix and Evidence, Vol. III. Evidence Part 1. London: Printed by George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode. p. 116. </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> McConnell, J. D. R (1967). Eton – How it Works. London: Faber and Faber. p. 162. </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.joyceimages.com/media/ji/thumbnails/small_Eton%20suit.JPG">The Eton Suit</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713121708/http://www.joyceimages.com/media/ji/thumbnails/small_Eton%20suit.JPG">Archived</a> 13 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at British Schoolboy Uniforms. </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etoncollege.com/Facilities.aspx">"Facilities"</a>. 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The Daily Telegraph. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/expateducation/8530207/Schools-in-Sweden-cant-be-beaten-corporal-punishment-around-the-world.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Schools+in+Sweden+can%27t+be+beaten%3A+corporal+punishment+around+the+world&rft.date=2011-05-26&rft.au=Doggart%2C+Sebastian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Feducation%2Fexpateducation%2F8530207%2FSchools-in-Sweden-cant-be-beaten-corporal-punishment-around-the-world.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> McConnell, pp. 57–58 </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/the-best-of-enemies-david-cameron-vs-boris-johnson-2335578.html">"The best of enemies: David Cameron vs Boris Johnson"</a>. The Independent. London. 11 August 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=The+best+of+enemies%3A+David+Cameron+vs+Boris+Johnson&rft.date=2011-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fthe-best-of-enemies-david-cameron-vs-boris-johnson-2335578.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> Nevill, p. 35. </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecut.com/2018/05/what-was-it-like-to-go-to-school-with-prince-harry.html">"What Was It Like to Go to School With Prince Harry?"</a>. 18 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Was+It+Like+to+Go+to+School+With+Prince+Harry%3F&rft.date=2018-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecut.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fwhat-was-it-like-to-go-to-school-with-prince-harry.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> McConnell, pp. 57, 129–137 </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> Patrick Bond and Peter Brown, Rating Valuation: Principles and Practice (3rd edition, 2014 Routledge, London and New York), at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cD_XAwAAQBAJ&dq=land+acres+%22eton+college%22+%22playing+fields%22&pg=PA271">page 271</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorneylake.com/">"Welcome to Dorney Lake"</a>. 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Boston, MA: Silver, Burdett. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldanditspeop05duntgoog/page/n49">41</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4352850">4352850</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+and+Its+People&rft.place=Boston%2C+MA&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=Silver%2C+Burdett&rft.date=1896&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4352850&rft.aulast=Dunton&rft.aufirst=Larkin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldanditspeop05duntgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content-www.cricinfo.com/columns/content/story/143944.html">"Fowler's match, 1910"</a>. ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved 3 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fowler%27s+match%2C+1910&rft.pub=ESPN+Cricinfo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent-www.cricinfo.com%2Fcolumns%2Fcontent%2Fstory%2F143944.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080810223339/http://www.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1910S/1910/ENG_LOCAL/OTHER/ETON_HARROW_08-09JUL1910.html">"Eton & Harrow match scorecard 1910"</a>. Cricinfo.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1910S/1910/ENG_LOCAL/OTHER/ETON_HARROW_08-09JUL1910.html">the original</a> on 10 August 2008. Retrieved 3 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eton+%26+Harrow+match+scorecard+1910&rft.pub=Cricinfo.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cricinfo.com%2Fdb%2FARCHIVE%2F1910S%2F1910%2FENG_LOCAL%2FOTHER%2FETON_HARROW_08-09JUL1910.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCox,_Richard_W.Russell,_DaveVamplew,_Wray2002" class="citation book cs1">Cox, Richard W.; Russell, Dave; Vamplew, Wray (2002). Encyclopedia of British Football. 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Retrieved 9 July 2023. <q>Eton Match was the annual cricket match between Eton and Winchester held at each school alternately. It was originally just the cricket match, held over two days, with a dinner or concert or dance on one of the evenings...The first cricket match between Eton and Winchester was played in 1826. Matches were played over two days and hosted alternately by Winchester ...In 2001, the name changed - Eton Match became Winchester Day. Wykeham Day started in 1996 and was held in September as an open day for OWs.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Evolution+of+Winchester+Match&rft.aulast=Forster&rft.aufirst=S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.winchestercollege.org%2Fstories%2Fthe-evolution-of-winchester-match&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-indy-116"><a href="#cite_ref-indy_116-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPenman1995" class="citation news cs1">Penman, Danny (10 August 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/pounds-3m-lottery-cash-for-eton-sports-centre-1595502.html">"£3m lottery cash for Eton sports centre: Top school gets exclusive deal"</a>. The Independent. London. Retrieved 2 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=%C2%A33m+lottery+cash+for+Eton+sports+centre%3A+Top+school+gets+exclusive+deal&rft.date=1995-08-10&rft.aulast=Penman&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpounds-3m-lottery-cash-for-eton-sports-centre-1595502.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.runtrackdir.com/details.asp?track=eton">"Eton: Thames Valley Athletics Centre"</a>. Retrieved 18 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eton%3A+Thames+Valley+Athletics+Centre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.runtrackdir.com%2Fdetails.asp%3Ftrack%3Deton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genesreunited.com.au/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=eton%20%20%20clifton%20ashburton&from=1933&to=1940">"Public School Rivalry"</a>. Shields Daily Gazette. South Shields. 11 July 1935. Retrieved 20 August 2023. <q>famous schools in Great Britain competed at Bisley today for the Ashburton shield — the blue ribbon of the shooting world for schoolboys. Charterhouse, Harrow, Winchester, Eton, Rugby and Clifton, all previous winners, were determined to add to their laurels...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Shields+Daily+Gazette&rft.atitle=Public+School+Rivalry&rft.date=1935-07-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.genesreunited.com.au%2Fsearchbna%2Fresults%3Fmemberlastsubclass%3Dnone%26searchhistorykey%3D0%26keywords%3Deton%2520%2520%2520clifton%2520ashburton%26from%3D1933%26to%3D1940&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genesreunited.com.au/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=eton%20%20%20clifton%20ashburton&from=1937&to=1940">"Ashburton Trophy"</a>. Birmingham Daily Post. 14 July 1939. Retrieved 20 August 2023. <q>Half-way through the 500 yards shoot Winchester were two points up on King's, but they tailed off badly in the second half. The next best were: Tonbridge, 473; Winchester, 472; Eton and Charterhouse, 469; Glasgow Academy, 468; City of London, 467; Highgate and Leys, 463; Sherborne, 462; Edinburgh Academy, Clifton [College] and Imperial Service College, 460; Harrow, 458;</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Birmingham+Daily+Post&rft.atitle=Ashburton+Trophy&rft.date=1939-07-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.genesreunited.com.au%2Fsearchbna%2Fresults%3Fmemberlastsubclass%3Dnone%26searchhistorykey%3D0%26keywords%3Deton%2520%2520%2520clifton%2520ashburton%26from%3D1937%26to%3D1940&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"SCHOOLBOYS AT BISLEY". Lincolnshire Echo. 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Retrieved 3 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cutting+Edge&rft.pub=Channel4.com&rft.date=2009-05-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.channel4.com%2Fculture%2Fmicrosites%2FC%2Fcutting_edge%2Falex%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120822133115/http://ft.etononline.net/home/">"Summer 2013"</a>. The Farrer Theatre Online. Eton College. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ft.etononline.net/home/">the original</a> on 22 August 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Farrer+Theatre+Online&rft.atitle=Summer+2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fft.etononline.net%2Fhome%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080214131658/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,741919-4,00.html">"Beside Windsor"</a>. Time. New York. 29 June 1931. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,741919-4,00.html">the original</a> on 14 February 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Beside+Windsor&rft.date=1931-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C741919-4%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraigie2021" class="citation web cs1">Craigie, Emily (25 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getreading.co.uk/news/reading-berkshire-news/wall-game-unusual-sport-prince-20432285">"The unusual sport Prince Harry played at Eton that's 'impossible' to score in"</a>. BerkshireLive. Retrieved 7 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BerkshireLive&rft.atitle=The+unusual+sport+Prince+Harry+played+at+Eton+that%27s+%27impossible%27+to+score+in&rft.date=2021-04-25&rft.aulast=Craigie&rft.aufirst=Emily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.getreading.co.uk%2Fnews%2Freading-berkshire-news%2Fwall-game-unusual-sport-prince-20432285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120724195545/http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/Showcharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityFramework.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=1139086&SubsidiaryNumber=0">Eton College Registration with Charity Commission</a>. 18 December 2010. Retrieved 21 December 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> Ranked by total annual income averaged over three years. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Charity 100 Index". Charity Finance. April 2008. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0963-0295">0963-0295</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Charity+Finance&rft.atitle=Charity+100+Index&rft.date=2008-04&rft.issn=0963-0295&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-fees-132"><a href="#cite_ref-fees_132-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etoncollege.com/admissions/fees/">"School Fees 2021/2022"</a>. Eton College. 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=School+Fees+2021%2F2022&rft.pub=Eton+College&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etoncollege.com%2Fadmissions%2Ffees%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Nevill, Ralph (1911). Floreat Etona: Anecdotes and Memories of Eton College. London: Macmillan. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1347225">1347225</a>.</li> <li>McConnell, J.D.R. (1967). Eton: How It Works. London: Faber and Faber. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251359076">251359076</a>.</li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etoncollege.com/news-and-diary/term-dates/">Term Dates</a> [accessed 19 August 2021]</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Card, Tim, Eton Established: A History from 1440 to 1860 (London, John Murray, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7195-6052-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7195-6052-1">978-0-7195-6052-1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Cust" title="Lionel Cust">Cust, Lionel</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofetoncol00custuoft">A History of Eton College</a>, third edition, London, 1899, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/960992620">960992620</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClutton-Brock1900" class="citation book cs1">Clutton-Brock, Arthur (1900). Eton (reprint 2015 ed.). London: George Bell and Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781340998721" title="Special:BookSources/9781340998721"><bdi>9781340998721</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eton&rft.place=London&rft.edition=reprint+2015&rft.pub=George+Bell+and+Sons&rft.date=1900&rft.isbn=9781340998721&rft.aulast=Clutton-Brock&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Fraser, Nick, The Importance of Being Eton (London, Short Books, June 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904977-53-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-904977-53-7">978-1-904977-53-7</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Gladstone,_7th_Baronet" title="Sir William Gladstone, 7th Baronet">Gladstone, William</a>, People in Places (Michael Russell, 2013, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85955-325-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85955-325-4">978-0-85955-325-4</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Heneage_Jesse" title="John Heneage Jesse">Jesse, J. Heneage</a>, Memoirs of Celebrated Etonians (London: Richard Bentley & Son, 1875) in 2 vols.</li> <li>McConnell, J. D. R., Eton Repointed: The New Structures of an Ancient Foundation (London: Faber & Faber, 1970)</li> <li>McConnell, James (ed.), Treasures of Eton (London: Chatto & Windus, 1976)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyte1889" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Maxwell_Lyte" title="Henry Maxwell Lyte">Lyte, Sir Maxwell</a> (1889). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ahistoryetoncol04lytegoog">A history of Eton College, 1440-1884</a> (2nd ed.). London and New York: <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_and_Co" class="mw-redirect" title="Macmillan and Co">Macmillan and Co</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL7418230W">7418230W</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+history+of+Eton+College%2C+1440-1884&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Macmillan+and+Co&rft.date=1889&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fworks%2FOL7418230W%23id-name%3DOL&rft.aulast=Lyte&rft.aufirst=Sir+Maxwell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fahistoryetoncol04lytegoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOkwonga2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Musa_Okwonga" title="Musa Okwonga">Okwonga, Musa</a> (2021). One of Them: An Eton College Memoir. Unbound. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1783529674" title="Special:BookSources/978-1783529674"><bdi>978-1783529674</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=One+of+Them%3A+An+Eton+College+Memoir&rft.pub=Unbound&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1783529674&rft.aulast=Okwonga&rft.aufirst=Musa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Ollard" title="Richard Ollard">Ollard, Richard</a>, An English Education: A Perspective of Eton (London: Collins, 1982)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOnyeama1972" class="citation book cs1">Onyeama, Dillibe (1972). Nigger at Eton. Delta of Nigeria. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9782335920" title="Special:BookSources/978-9782335920"><bdi>978-9782335920</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nigger+at+Eton&rft.pub=Delta+of+Nigeria&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=978-9782335920&rft.aulast=Onyeama&rft.aufirst=Dillibe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEton+College" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Osborne, Richard, Music and Musicians of Eton: 1440 to the present (London, Cygnet Press, 2012, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-907435-19-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-907435-19-8">978-0-907435-19-8</a>)</li> <li>Parker, Eric, Playing Fields: School Days at Eton (London, Philip Allan, 1922, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2528782">2528782</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Eton_College&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Eton_College" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Eton College">Eton College</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etoncollege.com/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927005008/http://www.isinspect.org.uk/report/0374.htm">Independent Schools Inspectorate – Eton College</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/witness/2011/12/2011122071759683728.html">Mohamad at Eton – documentary about Palestinian refugee attending Eton</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200803205034/https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/witness/2011/12/2011122071759683728.html">Archived</a> 3 August 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Public_schools_in_England,_Scotland_and_Wales" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Public_schools_in_England" title="Template:Public schools in England"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Public_schools_in_England" title="Template talk:Public schools in England"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Public_schools_in_England" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Public schools in England"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Public_schools_in_England,_Scotland_and_Wales" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Public_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public school (United Kingdom)">Public schools</a> in England, Scotland and Wales</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">The principal schools of England Rudolph Ackermann, 1816</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ%27s_Hospital" title="Christ's Hospital">Christ's Hospital</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_Taylors%27_School,_Northwood" title="Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood">Merchant Taylors'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_School" title="Rugby School">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_School,_London" title="St Paul's School, London">St Paul's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">The Endowed Grammar Schools in England and Wales <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Carlisle" title="Nicholas Carlisle">Nicholas Carlisle</a>, 1818</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_and_Welsh_endowed_schools_(19th_century)" title="List of English and Welsh endowed schools (19th century)">List of English and Welsh endowed schools (19th century)</a> (475 schools)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Clarendon_schools" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon schools">Clarendon schools</a> 1864</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_Taylors%27_School,_Northwood" title="Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood">Merchant Taylors'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_School" title="Rugby School">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_School,_London" title="St Paul's School, London">St Paul's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury_School" title="Shrewsbury School">Shrewsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Great Schools of England <a href="/wiki/Howard_Staunton" title="Howard Staunton">Howard Staunton</a>, 1865</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham_College" title="Cheltenham College">Cheltenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ%27s_Hospital" title="Christ's Hospital">Christ's Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulwich_College" title="Dulwich College">Dulwich College</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_Taylors%27_School,_Northwood" title="Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood">Merchant Taylors'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_School" title="Rugby School">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury_School" title="Shrewsbury School">Shrewsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_School,_London" title="St Paul's School, London">St Paul's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Public_Schools_Act_1868" title="Public Schools Act 1868">Public Schools Act 1868</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_School" title="Rugby School">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury_School" title="Shrewsbury School">Shrewsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public Schools Yearbook 1889 (first edition)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_School" title="Bedford School">Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradfield_College" title="Bradfield College">Bradfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_College" title="Brighton College">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham_College" title="Cheltenham College">Cheltenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton_College" title="Clifton College">Clifton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover_College" title="Dover College">Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulwich_College" title="Dulwich College">Dulwich</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fettes_College" title="Fettes College">Fettes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenalmond_College" title="Glenalmond College">Glenalmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haileybury_and_Imperial_Service_College" title="Haileybury and Imperial Service College">Haileybury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancing_College" title="Lancing College">Lancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loretto_School" title="Loretto School">Loretto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_Taylors%27_School,_Northwood" title="Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood">Merchant Taylors'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvern_College" title="Malvern College">Malvern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough_College" title="Marlborough College">Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radley_College" title="Radley College">Radley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repton_School" title="Repton School">Repton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossall_School" title="Rossall School">Rossall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_School" title="Rugby School">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_School,_London" title="St Paul's School, London">St Paul's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherborne_School" title="Sherborne School">Sherborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury_School" title="Shrewsbury School">Shrewsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonbridge_School" title="Tonbridge School">Tonbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uppingham_School" title="Uppingham School">Uppingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_College,_Berkshire" title="Wellington College, Berkshire">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public Schools Yearbook 1895 </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bath_College_(English_public_school)" title="Bath College (English public school)">Bath College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_School" title="Bedford School">Bedford Grammar School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkhamsted_School" title="Berkhamsted School">Berkhamsted School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Edward%27s_School,_Birmingham" title="King Edward's School, Birmingham">Birmingham, King Edward's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackheath_Proprietary_School" title="Blackheath Proprietary School">Blackheath Proprietary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradfield_College" title="Bradfield College">Bradfield College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_College,_Brecon" title="Christ College, Brecon">Brecon, Christ's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_College" title="Brighton College">Brighton College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromsgrove_School" title="Bromsgrove School">Bromsgrove School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_School,_Canterbury" title="The King's School, Canterbury">Canterbury, King's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham_College" title="Cheltenham College">Cheltenham College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ%27s_Hospital" title="Christ's Hospital">Christ's Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_London_School" title="City of London School">City of London School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton_College" title="Clifton College">Clifton College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dover_College" title="Dover College">Dover College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulwich_College" title="Dulwich College">Dulwich College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_School" title="Durham School">Durham School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastbourne_College" title="Eastbourne College">Eastbourne College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eltham_College" title="Eltham College">Eltham College</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eton College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felsted_School" title="Felsted School">Felsted School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fettes_College" title="Fettes College">Fettes College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giggleswick_School" title="Giggleswick School">Giggleswick School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenalmond_College" title="Glenalmond College">Glenalmond, Trinity College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haileybury_and_Imperial_Service_College" title="Haileybury and Imperial Service College">Haileybury School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highgate_School" title="Highgate School">Highgate School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipswich_School" title="Ipswich School">Ipswich School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_William%27s_College" title="King William's College">Isle of Man, King William's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_School" title="King's College School">King's College School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancing_College" title="Lancing College">Lancing College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeds_Grammar_School" title="Leeds Grammar School">Leeds Grammar School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_College" title="Liverpool College">Liverpool College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loretto_School" title="Loretto School">Loretto School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvern_College" title="Malvern College">Malvern College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Grammar_School" title="Manchester Grammar School">Manchester Grammar School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough_College" title="Marlborough College">Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_Taylors%27_School,_Northwood" title="Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood">Merchant Taylors'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham_High_School" title="Nottingham High School">Nottingham High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oundle_School" title="Oundle School">Oundle School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radley_College" title="Radley College">Radley College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repton_School" title="Repton School">Repton School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossall_School" title="Rossall School">Rossall School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_School" title="Rugby School">Rugby School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_School,_London" title="St Paul's School, London">St Paul's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedbergh_School" title="Sedbergh School">Sedbergh School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherborne_School" title="Sherborne School">Sherborne School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury_School" title="Shrewsbury School">Shrewsbury School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blundell%27s_School" title="Blundell's School">Tiverton, Blundell's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonbridge_School" title="Tonbridge School">Tonbridge School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_College_School" title="University College School">University College School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uppingham_School" title="Uppingham School">Uppingham School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwick_School" title="Warwick School">Warwick School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_College,_Berkshire" title="Wellington College, Berkshire">Wellington College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weymouth_College_(public_school)" title="Weymouth College (public school)">Weymouth College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_School,_York" title="St Peter's School, York">York, St Peter's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_Academy,_Woolwich" title="Royal Military Academy, Woolwich">RMA Woolwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_College,_Sandhurst" title="Royal Military College, Sandhurst">RMC Sandhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Indian_Engineering_College" title="Royal Indian Engineering College">RIEC Cooper's Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britannia_Royal_Naval_College" title="Britannia Royal Naval College">HMS Britannia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Great Public Schools <a href="/wiki/Edward_Arnold_(publisher)" title="Edward Arnold (publisher)">Edward Arnold</a> 1898</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham_College" title="Cheltenham College">Cheltenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton_College" title="Clifton College">Clifton</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haileybury_and_Imperial_Service_College" title="Haileybury and Imperial Service College">Haileybury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough_College" title="Marlborough College">Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_School" title="Rugby School">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1911 postcard '..The Public Schools of England'</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_School" title="Bedford School">Bedford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham_College" title="Cheltenham College">Cheltenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton_College" title="Clifton College">Clifton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulwich_College" title="Dulwich College">Dulwich</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haileybury_and_Imperial_Service_College" title="Haileybury and Imperial Service College">Haileybury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_School" title="Harrow School">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Edward_VI_School,_Birmingham" class="mw-redirect" title="King Edward VI School, Birmingham">King Edward VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Grammar_School" title="Manchester Grammar School">Manchester Grammar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_Taylors%27_School,_Northwood" title="Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood">Merchant Taylors'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvern_College" title="Malvern College">Malvern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough_College" title="Marlborough College">Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radley_College" title="Radley College">Radley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repton_School" title="Repton School">Repton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossall_School" title="Rossall School">Rossall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_School" title="Rugby School">Rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Edward%27s_School,_Oxford" title="St Edward's School, Oxford">St Edward's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_School,_London" title="St Paul's School, London">St Paul's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrewsbury_School" title="Shrewsbury School">Shrewsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonbridge_School" title="Tonbridge School">Tonbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uppingham_School" title="Uppingham School">Uppingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_College,_Berkshire" title="Wellington College, Berkshire">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_College" title="Winchester College">Winchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Template:Public_schools_(United_Kingdom)" title="Template:Public schools (United Kingdom)">Public schools (United Kingdom)</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Schools_in_Berkshire,_England1" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Schools_in_Berkshire" title="Template:Schools in Berkshire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Schools_in_Berkshire" title="Template talk:Schools in Berkshire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Schools_in_Berkshire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Schools in Berkshire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Schools_in_Berkshire,_England1" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Schools in <a href="/wiki/Berkshire" title="Berkshire">Berkshire</a>, England1</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caversham_Primary_School" title="Caversham Primary School">Caversham Primary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langley_Hall_Primary_Academy" title="Langley Hall Primary Academy">Langley Hall Primary Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynch_Hill_School_Primary_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Lynch Hill School Primary Academy">Lynch Hill School Primary Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redlands_Primary_School,_Reading" title="Redlands Primary School, Reading">Redlands Primary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wescott_Infant_School" title="Wescott Infant School">Wescott Infant School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Secondary (non-selective)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altwood_Church_of_England_School" title="Altwood Church of England School">Altwood CE School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baylis_Court_School" title="Baylis Court School">Baylis Court School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beechwood_School" title="Beechwood School">Beechwood School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blessed_Hugh_Faringdon_Catholic_School" title="Blessed Hugh Faringdon Catholic School">Blessed Hugh Faringdon RC School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Brakenhale_School" title="The Brakenhale School">The Brakenhale School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bulmershe_School" title="The Bulmershe School">The Bulmershe School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charters_School" title="Charters School">Charters School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchmead_School" title="Churchmead School">Churchmead School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cox_Green_School" title="Cox Green School">Cox Green School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denefield_School" title="Denefield School">Denefield School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desborough_College" title="Desborough College">Desborough College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Downs_School,_Compton" title="The Downs School, Compton">The Downs School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgbarrow_School" title="Edgbarrow School">Edgbarrow School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Emmbrook_School" title="The Emmbrook School">The Emmbrook School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Forest_School,_Winnersh" title="The Forest School, Winnersh">The Forest School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furze_Platt_Senior_School" title="Furze Platt Senior School">Furze Platt Senior School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garth_Hill_College" title="Garth Hill College">Garth Hill College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highdown_School" title="Highdown School">Highdown School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holyport_College" title="Holyport College">Holyport College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holt_School" title="The Holt School">The Holt School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Madejski_Academy" title="John Madejski Academy">John Madejski Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_O%27Gaunt_School" title="John O'Gaunt School">John O'Gaunt School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennet_School" title="Kennet School">Kennet School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Academy_Easthampstead_Park" title="King's Academy Easthampstead Park">King's Academy Easthampstead Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Academy_Prospect" title="King's Academy Prospect">King's Academy Prospect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langley_Academy,_Slough" title="Langley Academy, Slough">The Langley Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Heath_School" title="Little Heath School">Little Heath School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynch_Hill_Enterprise_Academy" title="Lynch Hill Enterprise Academy">Lynch Hill Enterprise Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maiden_Erlegh_School" title="Maiden Erlegh School">Maiden Erlegh School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newlands_Girls%27_School" title="Newlands Girls' School">Newlands Girls' School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakbank_School,_Ryeish_Green" title="Oakbank School, Ryeish Green">Oakbank School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_House_School" title="Park House School">Park House School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Piggott_School" title="The Piggott School">The Piggott School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranelagh_School" title="Ranelagh School">Ranelagh School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_Girls%27_School" title="Reading Girls' School">Reading Girls' School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Bartholomew%27s_School" title="St Bartholomew's School">St Bartholomew's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Crispin%27s_School" title="St Crispin's School">St Crispin's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Joseph%27s_Catholic_High_School,_Slough" title="St Joseph's Catholic High School, Slough">St Joseph's RC High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandhurst_School" title="Sandhurst School">Sandhurst School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slough_and_Eton_Church_of_England_Business_and_Enterprise_College" title="Slough and Eton Church of England Business and Enterprise College">Slough and Eton CE Business and Enterprise College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theale_Green_School" title="Theale Green School">Theale Green School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_School,_Newbury" title="Trinity School, Newbury">Trinity School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UTC_Reading" title="UTC Reading">UTC Reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waingels_College" title="Waingels College">Waingels College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Westgate_School,_Slough" title="The Westgate School, Slough">Westgate School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wexham_School" title="Wexham School">Wexham School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Willink_School" title="The Willink School">The Willink School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Girls%27_School" title="Windsor Girls' School">Windsor Girls' School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Windsor_Boys%27_School" title="The Windsor Boys' School">The Windsor Boys' School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grammar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herschel_Grammar_School" title="Herschel Grammar School">Herschel Grammar School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendrick_School" title="Kendrick School">Kendrick School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langley_Grammar_School" title="Langley Grammar School">Langley Grammar School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_School" title="Reading School">Reading School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Bernard%27s_Catholic_Grammar_School" title="St Bernard's Catholic Grammar School">St Bernard's RC Grammar School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upton_Court_Grammar_School" title="Upton Court Grammar School">Upton Court Grammar School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent (preparatory)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brockhurst_and_Marlston_House_School" title="Brockhurst and Marlston House School">Brockhurst and Marlston House School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_House_School" title="Eagle House School">Eagle House School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elstree_School" title="Elstree School">Elstree School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambrook" title="Lambrook">Lambrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludgrove_School" title="Ludgrove School">Ludgrove School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newbold_School" title="Newbold School">Newbold School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papplewick_School" title="Papplewick School">Papplewick School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_School,_Pangbourne" title="St Andrew's School, Pangbourne">St Andrew's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_George%27s_School,_Windsor_Castle" title="St George's School, Windsor Castle">St George's School, Windsor Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_Beaumont_School" title="St John's Beaumont School">St John's Beaumont School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Piran%27s_(school)" title="St Piran's (school)">St Piran's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunningdale_School" title="Sunningdale School">Sunningdale School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent (senior)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bradfield_College" title="Bradfield College">Bradfield College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downe_House_School" title="Downe House School">Downe House School</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eton College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathfield_School,_Ascot" title="Heathfield School, Ascot">Heathfield School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leighton_Park_School" title="Leighton Park School">Leighton Park School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luckley_House_School" title="Luckley House School">Luckley House School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padworth_College" title="Padworth College">Padworth College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangbourne_College" title="Pangbourne College">Pangbourne College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne%27s_School" title="Queen Anne's School">Queen Anne's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_Blue_Coat_School" title="Reading Blue Coat School">Reading Blue Coat School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_George%27s_School,_Ascot" title="St George's School, Ascot">St George's School, Ascot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_School_Ascot" title="St Mary's School Ascot">St Mary's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_College,_Berkshire" title="Wellington College, Berkshire">Wellington College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent (allthrough)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Abbey_School,_Reading" title="The Abbey School, Reading">The Abbey School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claires_Court_School" title="Claires Court School">Claires Court School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licensed_Victuallers%27_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Licensed Victuallers' School">Licensed Victuallers' School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Close_School" title="Long Close School">Long Close School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marist_School,_Sunninghill" title="The Marist School, Sunninghill">The Marist School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reddam_House,_Berkshire" title="Reddam House, Berkshire">Reddam House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Joseph%27s_College,_Reading" title="St Joseph's College, Reading">St Joseph's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Gabriel%27s_School" title="St Gabriel's School">St Gabriel's School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_School" title="Hamilton School">Hamilton School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manor_Green_School" title="Manor Green School">Manor Green School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Hare_School" title="Mary Hare School">Mary Hare School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amersham_Hall" title="Amersham Hall">Amersham Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont_College" title="Beaumont College">Beaumont College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clewer_House_School" title="Clewer House School">Clewer House School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douai_School" title="Douai School">Douai School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvian_School" title="Elvian School">Elvian School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heatherdown_School" title="Heatherdown School">Heatherdown School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemdean_House_School" title="Hemdean House School">Hemdean House School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Highlands_School,_Reading" title="The Highlands School, Reading">The Highlands School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Service_College" title="Imperial Service College">Imperial Service College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensmead_School_Windsor" title="Queensmead School Windsor">Queensmead School Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_Abbey_Girls%27_School" title="Reading Abbey Girls' School">Reading Abbey Girls' School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stubbington_House_School" title="Stubbington House School">Stubbington House School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wixenford_School" title="Wixenford School">Wixenford School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1includes schools in <a href="/wiki/Bracknell_Forest" title="Bracknell Forest">Bracknell Forest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reading,_Berkshire" title="Reading, Berkshire">Reading</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slough" title="Slough">Slough</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Berkshire" title="West Berkshire">West Berkshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Borough_of_Windsor_and_Maidenhead" title="Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead">Windsor & Maidenhead</a> and <a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Wokingham" title="Borough of Wokingham">Wokingham</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192088#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192088#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192088#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000012112764X">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/157729206">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/521349/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1000998-X">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50079557">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12148630z">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12148630z">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35069072">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20050503036&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1693668">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90774914">Norway</a></li><li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/51001">Vatican</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007526216605171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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