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<span>Beliefs</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Beliefs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Beliefs subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Beliefs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marriage_and_divorce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriage_and_divorce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Marriage and divorce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_and_divorce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecumenical_relationships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecumenical_relationships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ecumenical relationships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecumenical_relationships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_prime_bishops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_prime_bishops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List of prime bishops</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_prime_bishops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> 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interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polsk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_katolick%C3%A1_c%C3%ADrkev" title="Polská národní katolická církev – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Polská národní katolická církev" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_National_Catholic_Church_of_America" title="Polish National Catholic Church of America – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Polish National Catholic Church of America" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglesia_Nacional_Cat%C3%B3lica_Polaca" title="Iglesia Nacional Católica Polaca – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Iglesia Nacional Católica Polaca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89glise_catholique_nationale_polonaise" title="Église catholique nationale polonaise – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Église catholique nationale polonaise" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiesa_cattolica_nazionale_polacca" title="Chiesa cattolica nazionale polacca – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chiesa cattolica nazionale polacca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_National_Catholic_Church" title="Polish National Catholic Church – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Polish National Catholic Church" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polski_Narodowy_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_Katolicki" title="Polski Narodowy Kościół Katolicki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Polski Narodowy Kościół Katolicki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igreja_Cat%C3%B3lica_Nacional_Polonesa" title="Igreja Católica Nacional Polonesa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Igreja Católica Nacional Polonesa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C" title="Польская национальная католическая церковь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Польская национальная католическая церковь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%99%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%86%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пољска национална католичка црква – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пољска национална католичка црква" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polska_nationalkatolska_kyrkan" title="Polska nationalkatolska kyrkan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Polska nationalkatolska kyrkan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Independent Old Catholic denomination</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 24em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;">Polish National Catholic Church</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Polish_National_Catholic_Church_Logo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e4/Polish_National_Catholic_Church_Logo.jpg/200px-Polish_National_Catholic_Church_Logo.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e4/Polish_National_Catholic_Church_Logo.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="247" data-file-height="194" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Logo</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Classification</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Orientation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Catholic">Old Catholic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Theology</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ultrajectine" title="Ultrajectine">Ultrajectine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_polity" title="Ecclesiastical polity">Polity</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">Episcopal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Prime Bishop</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mikovsky" title="Anthony Mikovsky">Anthony Mikovsky</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Associations</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Scranton" title="Union of Scranton">Union of Scranton</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Churches" title="National Council of Churches">National Council of Churches</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/World_Council_of_Churches" title="World Council of Churches">World Council of Churches</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Franciszek_Hodur" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciszek Hodur">Franciszek Hodur</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data">March 1897 <br /><a href="/wiki/Scranton,_Pennsylvania" title="Scranton, Pennsylvania">Scranton, Pennsylvania</a>, USA</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Schism" title="Schism">Separated from</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Branched from</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Utrecht_(Old_Catholic)" title="Union of Utrecht (Old Catholic)">Union of Utrecht</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Congregations</th><td class="infobox-data">128</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Members</th><td class="infobox-data">30,000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://pncc.org/">https://pncc.org/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background: #efefef">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Christianity" title="Category:Christianity">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #efefef"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Christian_cross" title="Principal symbol of Christianity"><img alt="Principal symbol of Christianity" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/50px-Christian_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/75px-Christian_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/100px-Christian_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="564" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a></li><li>Foundations</li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creed" title="Creed">Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Covenant" title="New Covenant">New Covenant</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Christian_theology" title="Christian theology">Theology</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="God the Father (Christianity)">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_God_(Christianity)" title="Son of God (Christianity)">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_apologetics" title="Christian apologetics">Apologetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christian_theology" title="History of Christian theology">History of theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mission" title="Christian mission">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_universalism" title="Christian universalism">Universalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">History</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_council" title="Ecumenical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">East–West Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Luther</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Denominations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations" title="List of Christian denominations">(full list)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Nicene_Christianity" title="Nicene Christianity">Nicene</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Catholicism" title="Independent Catholicism">Independent Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">Sedevacantism</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodox</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodox</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Free Evangelical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian [Hussite]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Christianity" title="Reformed Christianity">Reformed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_and_uniting_churches" title="United and uniting churches">United Protestant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominational Christianity</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationist</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christadelphians" title="Christadelphians">Christadelphians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church" title="Catholic Apostolic Church">Irvingians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_Church_of_God_International" title="Members Church of God International">Members Church of God International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Church_(Swedenborgian)" title="The New Church (Swedenborgian)">The New Church (Swedenborgian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Unitarian,_Universalist,_and_Unitarian_Universalist_churches" title="List of Unitarian, Universalist, and Unitarian Universalist churches">Unitarians and Universalists</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Christianity" title="Criticism of Christianity">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_culture" title="Christian culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Christianity" title="Glossary of Christianity">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Christianity-related_articles" title="Index of Christianity-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_other_religions" title="Christianity and other religions">Other religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon" title="Sermon">Sermon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_symbolism" title="Christian symbolism">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Christianity" title="Glossary of Christianity">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Christianity-related_articles" title="Index of Christianity-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Christianity" title="Outline of Christianity">Outline</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Christian cross"><img alt="Christian cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/20px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/30px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/40px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christianity_sidebar" title="Template:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Christianity_sidebar" title="Template talk:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christianity_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Polish National Catholic Church</b> (<b>PNCC</b>; <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Polski Narodowy Kościół Katolicki</i>, <b>PNKK</b>) is an independent <a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Catholic">Old Catholic</a> church based in the United States and founded by <a href="/wiki/Polish-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish-American">Polish-Americans</a>. </p><p>The PNCC is not in communion with the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2004, the PNCC is no longer in communion with the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Utrecht_(Old_Catholic)" title="Union of Utrecht (Old Catholic)">Union of Utrecht</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The organisation is now part of the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Scranton" title="Union of Scranton">Union of Scranton</a>. </p><p>The church has around 30,000 members in five dioceses in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with 119 congregations in the US. The church is part of <a href="/wiki/Polish_Old_Catholicism" title="Polish Old Catholicism">Polish Old Catholicism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="listen-header">Hymn of the PNCC</div> <div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Through_the_Years.wav" title="File:Through the Years.wav">Through the Years</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="91" data-mwtitle="Through_the_Years.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Through_the_Years.wav/Through_the_Years.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Through_the_Years.wav/Through_the_Years.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Through_the_Years.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AThrough_the_Years.wav&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">written by <a href="/wiki/Francis_Hodur" title="Francis Hodur">Francis Hodur</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1921</span></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ststanislauscathedral.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Ststanislauscathedral.JPG/200px-Ststanislauscathedral.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Ststanislauscathedral.JPG/300px-Ststanislauscathedral.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Ststanislauscathedral.JPG/400px-Ststanislauscathedral.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Stanislaus_of_Szczepan%C3%B3w" title="Stanislaus of Szczepanów">St Stanislaus</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Stanislaus_Cathedral_(Scranton,_Pennsylvania)" title="St. Stanislaus Cathedral (Scranton, Pennsylvania)">Cathedral</a> in Scranton, Pennsylvania</figcaption></figure> <p>During the late 19th century, many <a href="/wiki/Polish_Americans" title="Polish Americans">Polish immigrants to the U.S.</a> became dismayed with the hierarchy of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a>. The U.S. church had no Polish bishops and few Polish priests, and would not allow the Polish language to be taught in parish schools. The mainly ethnic Irish and German bishops helped establish hundreds of parishes for Poles, but priests were usually unable to speak Polish, and the new immigrants had poor or limited English. There were also disputes over who owned church property, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scranton,_Pennsylvania" title="Scranton, Pennsylvania">Scranton, Pennsylvania</a>, with the parishioners demanding greater control. Although the majority of Polish-Americans remained with the Roman Catholic Church, where bilingual Polish-American priests and bishops were eventually ordained, many Polish-Americans in the meantime came to believe that these conditions were a manifestation of "political and social exploitation of the Polish people".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A leader in this struggle was Fr. <a href="/wiki/Franciszek_Hodur" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciszek Hodur">Franciszek Hodur</a> (1866–1953), a Polish immigrant to the United States and a Catholic priest. Born near <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>, he emigrated to the U.S. in 1893 and was <a href="/wiki/Ordained" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordained">ordained</a> that year; in 1897, he became <a href="/wiki/Pastor" title="Pastor">pastor</a> of <a href="/wiki/St._Stanislaus_Cathedral_(Scranton,_Pennsylvania)" title="St. Stanislaus Cathedral (Scranton, Pennsylvania)">St. Stanislaus Cathedral</a> in Scranton. Continued discontent led to an open rupture with the U.S. Catholic Church in 1897, when Polish immigrants founded an independent Polish body, headquartered in Scranton, with initially some 20,000 members. Fr. Hodur was consecrated as a bishop in 1907 in <a href="/wiki/Utrecht" title="Utrecht">Utrecht</a>, <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, by three <a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Catholic">Old Catholic</a> bishops. The PNCC considers him to be the founder and first bishop of the denomination.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The church began <a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">missionary</a> work in Poland after the country regained independence following <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. By the beginning of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the PNCC had founded more than 50 parishes along with a theological seminary in <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>. During post-war <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">Communist</a> rule of Poland, the church suffered severe persecution. The Polish Catholic Church is now an autocephalous body in communion with the PNCC.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, <a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Nemkovich" title="Robert M. Nemkovich">Robert M. Nemkovich</a> was elected by the twenty-first general synod to be the sixth prime bishop of the Polish National Catholic Church. </p><p>In 2010, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mikovsky" title="Anthony Mikovsky">Anthony Mikovsky</a> was elected by the twenty-third general synod to be the seventh <a href="/wiki/Primus_inter_pares" title="Primus inter pares">prime bishop</a> of the Polish National Catholic Church. Bishop Mikovsky has been bishop of the Central Diocese and pastor of St. Stanislaus Cathedral since 2006. Before becoming a bishop, he served as the assistant pastor at St. Stanislaus, the mother church of the denomination, beginning in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beliefs">Beliefs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Beliefs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marriage_and_divorce">Marriage and divorce</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Marriage and divorce"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The church believes that "<a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_marriage" title="Christian views on marriage">Marriage</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Sacrament" title="Sacrament">sacrament</a> which makes a Christian man and woman husband and wife, gives them grace to be faithful to each other and to bring up their children in love and devotion to God."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a>, PNCC deacons are not permitted to officiate at weddings. The PNCC permits divorced people to participate fully in the Mass and to receive the Eucharist. The church does not recognize civil divorce and requires an annulment before parishioners can remarry.<sup id="cite_ref-pncc_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pncc-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 1921, the PNCC has permitted bishops and priests to marry.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance">Governance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The PNCC is governed in accordance with its Constitution and Laws.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The chief legislative body is a general synod, which normally convenes every four years. The composition of the PNCC General Synod includes clergy and laity. Each parish is entitled to send one lay delegate for each 50 active members.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While its constitution and canon laws provide that the PNCC General Synod holds the authority to remove bishops,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Prime Bishop purported to remove the bishop of the Polish National Catholic Church of Canada in January 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecumenical_relationships">Ecumenical relationships</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ecumenical relationships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:J%C3%B3zef_Padewski.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/J%C3%B3zef_Padewski.JPG/200px-J%C3%B3zef_Padewski.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/J%C3%B3zef_Padewski.JPG/300px-J%C3%B3zef_Padewski.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/J%C3%B3zef_Padewski.JPG 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="405" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Bishop <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Padewski" title="Józef Padewski">Józef Padewski</a></div></figcaption></figure><p>The PNCC is a member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Churches" title="National Council of Churches">National Council of Churches</a> and the <a href="/wiki/World_Council_of_Churches" title="World Council of Churches">World Council of Churches</a>. </p><p>In the 1970s the PNCC's relationship with the Utrecht Union grew strained as there was a gradual shift towards what was regarded as liberalism in the rest of Utrecht Union churches while the PNCC was becoming more conservative. The PNCC in the United States and Canada entered into a state of "impaired communion" with the Utrecht Union in 1997, since the PNCC did not accept the validity of <a href="/wiki/Ordination_of_women" title="Ordination of women">ordaining women to the priesthood</a>, which most other Utrecht Union churches had been doing for several years. The PNCC continued to refuse full communion with those churches that ordained women; thus, in 2003 the International Old Catholic Bishops' Conference expelled the PNCC from the Utrecht Union, determining that "<a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">full communion</a>, as determined in the statute of the IBC, could not be restored and that therefore, as a consequence, the separation of our Churches follows".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dialogue with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Conference_of_Catholic_Bishops" title="United States Conference of Catholic Bishops">United States Conference of Catholic Bishops</a>, with the approval of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>, led in 1996 to an arrangement that Laurence J. Orzell has called "limited inter-communion".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> What this means is that the Catholic Church recognizes the validity of the sacraments of the PNCC, and allows members of the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a> in particular exceptional circumstances, defined in <a href="/wiki/Canon_844" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon 844">canon 844</a> of the <a href="/wiki/1983_Code_of_Canon_Law" title="1983 Code of Canon Law">1983 <i>Code of Canon Law</i></a> of the <a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a> and the parallel <a href="/wiki/Communicatio_in_sacris" title="Communicatio in sacris">canon 671</a> of the <i><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Canons_of_the_Eastern_Churches" title="Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches">Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches</a></i>, that are regulated by the diocesan bishop or conference of bishops, to receive three sacraments from PNCC <a href="/wiki/Minister_(Christianity)" title="Minister (Christianity)">ministers</a>. Canon 844 allows those Catholics who can avoid error and <a href="/wiki/Indifferentism" title="Indifferentism">indifferentism</a> and are unable to approach a Catholic minister to receive, under certain conditions, the sacraments of <a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacrament of Penance (Catholic Church)">Reconciliation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Eucharist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_Sick_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anointing of the Sick (Catholic Church)">Anointing of the Sick</a> from "non-Catholic ministers, ministers in whose churches these sacraments are valid". This canon declares it <a href="/wiki/Validity_and_liceity_(Catholic_Church)" title="Validity and liceity (Catholic Church)">licit</a> for Catholic priests to administer the same three sacraments to members of churches which the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> judges to be in the same condition in regard to the sacraments as the Eastern churches, if they ask for the sacraments of their own accord and are properly disposed. Obstacles to full communion include different understandings about <a href="/wiki/Papal_primacy" title="Papal primacy">papal primacy</a>, the level of involvement of the laity in church governance, and the PNCC reception of some former Roman Catholic clergy, most of whom subsequently married.<sup id="cite_ref-JDU_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JDU-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The PNCC has been also in ecumenical dialogue since 2018 with numerous jurisdictions from the <a href="/wiki/Continuing_Anglican_movement" title="Continuing Anglican movement">continuing Anglican movement</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Catholic_Church" title="Anglican Catholic Church">Anglican Catholic Church</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Province_of_America" title="Anglican Province of America">Anglican Province of America</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_in_America" title="Anglican Church in America">Anglican Church in America</a>—commonly referred to as the G-3. Progress has been steady, and the potential for full communion is on the horizon and nearing quickly. <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_prime_bishops">List of prime bishops</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: List of prime bishops"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th># </th> <th>Tenure </th> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Place of birth </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>1 </td> <td>1904–1953 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Franciszek_Hodur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Franciszek_Hodur.jpg/70px-Franciszek_Hodur.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Franciszek_Hodur.jpg/105px-Franciszek_Hodur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Franciszek_Hodur.jpg/140px-Franciszek_Hodur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="421" /></a></span> </td> <td><b>Bishop <a href="/wiki/Franciszek_Hodur" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciszek Hodur">Franciszek Hodur</a></b> </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBarki,_Lesser_Poland_Voivodeship" title="Żarki, Lesser Poland Voivodeship">Zarki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>2 </td> <td>1953–1968 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leon_Grochowski.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Leon_Grochowski.JPG/70px-Leon_Grochowski.JPG" decoding="async" width="70" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Leon_Grochowski.JPG/105px-Leon_Grochowski.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Leon_Grochowski.JPG/140px-Leon_Grochowski.JPG 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="716" /></a></span> </td> <td><b>Bishop <a href="/wiki/Leon_Grochowski" title="Leon Grochowski">Leon Grochowski</a></b> </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Skupie,_Siedlce_County" title="Skupie, Siedlce County">Skupie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>3 </td> <td>1968–1978 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tadeusz_Zieli%C5%84ski.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Tadeusz_Zieli%C5%84ski.JPG/70px-Tadeusz_Zieli%C5%84ski.JPG" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Tadeusz_Zieli%C5%84ski.JPG/105px-Tadeusz_Zieli%C5%84ski.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Tadeusz_Zieli%C5%84ski.JPG/140px-Tadeusz_Zieli%C5%84ski.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span> </td> <td><b>Bishop <a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Zielinski" title="Thaddeus Zielinski">Thaddeus Zielinski</a></b> </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Wilkes-Barre,_Pennsylvania" title="Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania">Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>4 </td> <td>1978–1985 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Franciszek_Rowi%C5%84ski.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Franciszek_Rowi%C5%84ski.jpg/70px-Franciszek_Rowi%C5%84ski.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Franciszek_Rowi%C5%84ski.jpg/105px-Franciszek_Rowi%C5%84ski.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Franciszek_Rowi%C5%84ski.jpg/140px-Franciszek_Rowi%C5%84ski.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1630" data-file-height="2453" /></a></span> </td> <td><b>Bishop <a href="/wiki/Francis_Carl_Rowinski" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Carl Rowinski">Francis Rowiński</a></b> </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Dickson_City,_Pennsylvania" title="Dickson City, Pennsylvania">Dickson City, Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>5 </td> <td>1985–2002 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_gray.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Portrait_gray.png/67px-Portrait_gray.png" decoding="async" width="67" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Portrait_gray.png/101px-Portrait_gray.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Portrait_gray.png/135px-Portrait_gray.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><b>Bishop <a href="/wiki/John_Swantek" title="John Swantek">John Swantek</a></b> </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Wallingford,_Connecticut" title="Wallingford, Connecticut">Wallingford, Connecticut</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>6 </td> <td>2002–2010 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Nemkovich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Robert_Nemkovich.jpg/70px-Robert_Nemkovich.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Robert_Nemkovich.jpg/105px-Robert_Nemkovich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Robert_Nemkovich.jpg/140px-Robert_Nemkovich.jpg 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><b>Bishop <a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Nemkovich" title="Robert M. Nemkovich">Robert Nemkovich</a></b> </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Grove_City,_Pennsylvania" title="Grove City, Pennsylvania">Grove City, Pennsylvania, United States</a></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>7 </td> <td>2010–present </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anthony_Mikovsky.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anthony_Mikovsky.PNG/70px-Anthony_Mikovsky.PNG" decoding="async" width="70" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anthony_Mikovsky.PNG/105px-Anthony_Mikovsky.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Anthony_Mikovsky.PNG/140px-Anthony_Mikovsky.PNG 2x" data-file-width="231" data-file-height="293" /></a></span> </td> <td><b>Bishop <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mikovsky" title="Anthony Mikovsky">Anthony Mikovsky</a></b> </td> <td><small><a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Diocese_of_the_Polish_National_Catholic_Church" title="Central Diocese of the Polish National Catholic Church">Central Diocese of the Polish National Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_Bishops_of_the_Polish_National_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="List of the Bishops of the Polish National Catholic Church">List of the Bishops of the Polish National Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Cathedral_(Toronto)" title="St. John's Cathedral (Toronto)">St. John's Cathedral (Toronto)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Scranton" title="Union of Scranton">Union of Scranton</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regional+PNCC+head+elected+church%27s+seventh+prime+bishop&rft.date=2010-10-05&rft.aulast=WRITER%29&rft.aufirst=BY+LAURA+LEGERE+%28STAFF&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthetimes-tribune.com%2Fnews%2Fregional-pncc-head-elected-church-s-seventh-prime-bishop-1.1043971&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+National+Catholic+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090207144948/http://www.pncc.org/content/Sacrament_of_Matrimony_Synod_Paper_2002.pdf">"General Synod paper 2002"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pncc.org/content/Sacrament_of_Matrimony_Synod_Paper_2002.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2009-02-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+Synod+paper+2002&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pncc.org%2Fcontent%2FSacrament_of_Matrimony_Synod_Paper_2002.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+National+Catholic+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pncc-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pncc_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pncc.org/?page_id=11">Official Church website: Beliefs and Principles</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pncc.org/about/">"Polish National Catholic Church - about"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Polish+National+Catholic+Church+-+about&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpncc.org%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+National+Catholic+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pncc.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/PNCC-Constitution-2006.pdf"><i>The Constitution and Laws of the Polish National Catholic Church</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Scranton: Polish National Catholic Church. 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Constitution+and+Laws+of+the+Polish+National+Catholic+Church&rft.place=Scranton&rft.pub=Polish+National+Catholic+Church&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpncc.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F09%2FPNCC-Constitution-2006.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+National+Catholic+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pncc.org/?page_id=15">Official Church website: Structure</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pncc.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/PNCC-Constitution-2006.pdf"><i>The Constitution and Laws of the Polish National Catholic Church</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Scranton: Polish National Catholic Church. 2006. p. 29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Constitution+and+Laws+of+the+Polish+National+Catholic+Church&rft.place=Scranton&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Polish+National+Catholic+Church&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpncc.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F09%2FPNCC-Constitution-2006.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+National+Catholic+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130216155444/http://www.pnccofcanada.com/news-info/">"Resolution regarding bp. Sylvester Bigaj, accessed January 25, 2013"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pnccofcanada.com/news-info/">the original</a> on 16 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Resolution+regarding+bp.+Sylvester+Bigaj%2C+accessed+January+25%2C+2013.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnccofcanada.com%2Fnews-info%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+National+Catholic+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLegere2013" class="citation news cs1">Legere, Laura (26 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citizensvoice.com/news/canadian-bishop-s-removal-creates-backlash-for-pncc-1.1435118">"Canadian bishop's removal creates backlash for PNCC"</a>. <i>The Citizens' Voice</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Citizens%27+Voice&rft.atitle=Canadian+bishop%27s+removal+creates+backlash+for+PNCC&rft.date=2013-01-26&rft.aulast=Legere&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcitizensvoice.com%2Fnews%2Fcanadian-bishop-s-removal-creates-backlash-for-pncc-1.1435118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+National+Catholic+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utrechter-union.org/?b=174">"Communiqué of the IBC meeting in Prague/CZ, 2003"</a>. <i>Utrechter Union</i>. 29 November 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-08-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Utrechter+Union&rft.atitle=Communiqu%C3%A9+of+the+IBC+meeting+in+Prague%2FCZ%2C+2003&rft.date=2003-11-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.utrechter-union.org%2F%3Fb%3D174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+National+Catholic+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JDU-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JDU_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usccb.org/beliefs-and-teachings/ecumenical-and-interreligious/ecumenical/polish-national-catholic/unity.cfm">"Joint Declaration on Unity"</a>. <i>www.usccb.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.usccb.org&rft.atitle=Joint+Declaration+on+Unity&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usccb.org%2Fbeliefs-and-teachings%2Fecumenical-and-interreligious%2Fecumenical%2Fpolish-national-catholic%2Funity.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+National+Catholic+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://anglicancatholic.org/news/g-3-and-pncc-continue-ecumenical-dialogue/">"G-3 and PNCC Continue Ecumenical Dialogue"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G-3+and+PNCC+Continue+Ecumenical+Dialogue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanglicancatholic.org%2Fnews%2Fg-3-and-pncc-continue-ecumenical-dialogue%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolish+National+Catholic+Church" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Constitution and Laws of the Polish National Catholic Church</i> (Scranton: PNCC, 2006)</li> <li>Richard J. Mammana Jr. (editor), <i>Intercommunion between the Episcopal Church and the Polish National Catholic Church: An Introduction and Sourcebook</i> (Resica Falls: <a href="/wiki/Project_Canterbury" title="Project Canterbury">Project Canterbury</a>, 2022) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9798402891548" title="Special:BookSources/9798402891548">9798402891548</a></li> <li><i>Journeying Together in Christ: The Journey Continues: The Report of the Polish National Catholic-Roman Catholic Dialogue 1989-2002</i> (Our Sunday Visitor, 2004) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781592760381" title="Special:BookSources/9781592760381">9781592760381</a></li> <li><i>Works and Writings of First Bishop Franciszek Hodur</i> (Scranton: PNCC, 1984)</li> <li>Gordon Huelin (editor), <i>Old Catholics and Anglicans, 1931-1981</i> (<a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 1983) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0199201293" title="Special:BookSources/0199201293">0199201293</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style 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aria-labelledby="Polish_National_Catholic_Church" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Polish_National_Catholic_Church" title="Template:Polish National Catholic Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Polish National Catholic Church (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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href="/wiki/Eastern_Diocese_of_the_Polish_National_Catholic_Church" title="Eastern Diocese of the Polish National Catholic Church">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_Diocese_of_the_Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Western Diocese of the Polish National Catholic Church (page does not exist)">Western</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadian_Diocese_of_the_Polish_National_Catholic_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canadian Diocese of the Polish National Catholic Church (page does not exist)">Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#List_of_prime_bishops">Prime Bishops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Hodur" title="Francis Hodur">Francis Hodur</a> (1907–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Grochowski" title="Leon Grochowski">Leon Grochowski</a> (1953–1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaddeus_Zielinski" title="Thaddeus Zielinski">Thaddeus Zielinski</a> (1969–1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Rowinski" title="Francis Rowinski">Francis Rowinski</a> (1978–1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Swantek" title="John Swantek">John Swantek</a> (1985–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Nemkovich" title="Robert M. Nemkovich">Robert M. Nemkovich</a> (2002–2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mikovsky" title="Anthony Mikovsky">Anthony Mikovsky</a> (2010–<i>Present</i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Member of the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Scranton" title="Union of Scranton">Union of Scranton</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Union_of_Scranton" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Union_of_Scranton" title="Template:Union of Scranton"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Union_of_Scranton" title="Template talk:Union of Scranton"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Union_of_Scranton" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Union of Scranton"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Union_of_Scranton" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Scranton" title="Union of Scranton">Union of Scranton</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Catholic_Church" title="Nordic Catholic Church">Nordic Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Polish National Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches in dialogue</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_Church_of_England" title="Free Church of England">Free Church of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Catholic_Church" title="Anglican Catholic Church">Anglican Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Council_of_Churches_(NCC)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Council_of_Churches_members" title="Template:National Council of Churches members"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Council_of_Churches_members" title="Template talk:National Council of Churches members"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Council_of_Churches_members" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Council of Churches members"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Council_of_Churches_(NCC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Churches" title="National Council of Churches">National Council of Churches</a> (NCC)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Mainline_Protestant" title="Mainline Protestant">Mainline Protestant</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy_in_North_America" title="Eastern Orthodoxy in North America">Eastern Orthodoxy</a> · <a href="/wiki/Black_church" title="Black church">Black church</a> · <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism_in_the_United_States" title="Evangelicalism in the United States">Evangelicalism</a> · <a href="/wiki/Peace_churches" title="Peace churches">Peace churches</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member<br />churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Protestant" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protestant</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Baptist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Baptists" title="Alliance of Baptists">Alliance of Baptists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Baptist_Churches_USA" title="American Baptist Churches USA">American Baptist Churches USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Baptist_Convention,_USA,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.">National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Missionary_Baptist_Convention_of_America" title="National Missionary Baptist Convention of America">National Missionary Baptist Convention of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_National_Baptist_Convention" title="Progressive National Baptist Convention">Progressive National Baptist Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lutheran</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_America" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in America">Evangelical Lutheran Church in America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Moravian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church_in_North_America" title="Moravian Church in North America">Moravian Church in North America</a> (Northern and Southern Provinces)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Society_of_Friends" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious Society of Friends">Religious Society of Friends</a> (Friends United Meeting and Philadelphia Yearly Meeting)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Methodist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Methodist_Episcopal_Church" title="African Methodist Episcopal Church">African Methodist Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Methodist_Episcopal_Zion_Church" title="African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church">African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Methodist_Episcopal_Church" title="Christian Methodist Episcopal Church">Christian Methodist Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church">United Methodist Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reformed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Reformed_Church_in_America" title="Hungarian Reformed Church in America">Hungarian Reformed Church in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Presbyterian_Church_Abroad" title="Korean Presbyterian Church Abroad">Korean Presbyterian Church Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Thoma_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Mar Thoma Church">Mar Thoma Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_(USA)" title="Presbyterian Church (USA)">Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Church_in_America" title="Reformed Church in America">Reformed Church in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Church_of_Christ" title="United Church of Christ">United Church of Christ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church_(Disciples_of_Christ)" title="Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)">Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Brethren" title="Church of the Brethren">Church of the Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopal Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orthodox</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Archdiocese_of_America" title="Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America">Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_America" title="Orthodox Church in America">Orthodox Church in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Patriarchal_Parishes_in_the_USA" title="Russian Orthodox Patriarchal Parishes in the USA">Russian Orthodox Patriarchal Parishes in the USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church_in_North_and_South_America" title="Serbian Orthodox Church in North and South America">Serbian Orthodox Church in North and South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Orthodox_Church_of_the_USA" title="Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the USA">Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the USA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oriental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mother_See_of_Holy_Etchmiadzin" title="Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin">Armenian Church of America</a> (Eastern and Western Dioceses)</li> <li>Coptic Orthodox Archdiocese of North America</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Orthodox_Syrian_Church" title="Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church">Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</a> (American Diocese)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Orthodox_Church_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Orthodox Church of Antioch">Syrian Orthodox Church of Antioch</a> (Archdiocese of the Eastern United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Catholic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" title="Assyrian Church of the East">Assyrian Church of the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Catholic_Communion" title="Ecumenical Catholic Communion">Ecumenical Catholic Communion</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Polish National Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Council_of_Community_Churches" title="International Council of Community Churches">International Council of Community Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Christ" title="Community of Christ">Community of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedenborgian_Church_of_North_America" title="Swedenborgian Church of North America">Swedenborgian Church of North America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Council_of_Churches" title="Federal Council of Churches">Federal Council of Churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publishing <br />and research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revised_Standard_Version" title="Revised Standard Version">Revised Standard Version</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Revised_Standard_Version" title="New Revised Standard Version">New Revised Standard Version</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yearbook_of_American_and_Canadian_Churches" title="Yearbook of American and Canadian Churches">Yearbook of American and Canadian Churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Council_of_Churches_members" title="List of National Council of Churches members">List of members</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/303011421">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/3022933-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Polish National Catholic Church of America"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2005227588&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007456863805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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