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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigering </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" title="Besök huvudsidan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Huvudsida</span></a></li><li id="n-Introduktion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion"><span>Introduktion</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deltagarportalen" title="Om projektet, vad du kan göra, var man kan hitta saker"><span>Deltagarportalen</span></a></li><li id="n-Bybrunnen" class="mw-list-item"><a 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aria-label="Personliga verktyg"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Ändra utseendet på sidans teckenstorlek, bredd och färg" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utseende" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Utseende</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv" class=""><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Tolvskillingsoperan" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt" class=""><span>Skapa konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Tolvskillingsoperan" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Produktionshistorik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Produktionshistorik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Produktionshistorik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Produktionshistorik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Produktionshistorik</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Produktionshistorik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Uruppförande" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uruppförande"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Uruppförande</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uruppförande-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senare_versioner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senare_versioner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Senare versioner</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senare_versioner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Svenska_uppsättningar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Svenska_uppsättningar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Svenska uppsättningar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Svenska_uppsättningar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Musik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Musik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Musik</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Musik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mackie_och_Jenny" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mackie_och_Jenny"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Mackie och Jenny</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mackie_och_Jenny-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Handling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Handling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Handling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Handling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmatiseringar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmatiseringar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Filmatiseringar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmatiseringar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tolvskillingsoperan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 36 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Dreigroschenoper" title="Die Dreigroschenoper – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Die Dreigroschenoper" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9C%C3%A7_q%C9%99piklik_opera" title="Üç qəpiklik opera – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Üç qəpiklik opera" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_og_pjalter" title="Laser og pjalter – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Laser og pjalter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Dreigroschenoper" title="Die Dreigroschenoper – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Die Dreigroschenoper" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolmekrossiooper" title="Kolmekrossiooper – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kolmekrossiooper" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97_%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Η όπερα της πεντάρας – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Η όπερα της πεντάρας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Threepenny_Opera" title="The Threepenny Opera – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="The Threepenny Opera" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_%C3%B3pera_de_los_tres_centavos" title="La ópera de los tres centavos – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="La ópera de los tres centavos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lau_soseko_opera" title="Lau soseko opera – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lau soseko opera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="اپرای سه‌پولی – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اپرای سه‌پولی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Op%C3%A9ra_de_quat%27sous" title="L'Opéra de quat'sous – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="L'Opéra de quat'sous" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_%C3%B3pera_dos_tres_re%C3%A1s" title="A ópera dos tres reás – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="A ópera dos tres reás" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9C%ED%91%BC%EC%A7%9C%EB%A6%AC_%EC%98%A4%ED%8E%98%EB%9D%BC" title="서푼짜리 오페라 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="서푼짜리 오페라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%A5%D6%84_%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%81_%D6%85%D5%BA%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1" title="Երեք գրոշանոց օպերա – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երեք գրոշանոց օպերա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera_za_tri_gro%C5%A1a" title="Opera za tri groša – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Opera za tri groša" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_tri_penci_opero" title="La tri penci opero – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="La tri penci opero" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27opera_da_tre_soldi" title="L'opera da tre soldi – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="L'opera da tre soldi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9" title="אופרה בגרוש – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אופרה בגרוש" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="სამგროშიანი ოპერა – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სამგროშიანი ოპერა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Dreigroschenoper" title="Die Dreigroschenoper – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Die Dreigroschenoper" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koldusopera_(Brecht)" title="Koldusopera (Brecht) – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Koldusopera (Brecht)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driestuiversopera" title="Driestuiversopera – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Driestuiversopera" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%96%87%E3%82%AA%E3%83%9A%E3%83%A9" title="三文オペラ – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="三文オペラ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolvskillingsoperaen" title="Tolvskillingsoperaen – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tolvskillingsoperaen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolvskillingsoperaen" title="Tolvskillingsoperaen – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tolvskillingsoperaen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6_%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਦ ਥ੍ਰੀ ਪੈਨੀ ਓਪੇਰਾ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦ ਥ੍ਰੀ ਪੈਨੀ ਓਪੇਰਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera_za_trzy_grosze" title="Opera za trzy grosze – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Opera za trzy grosze" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Dreigroschenoper_(musical)" title="Die Dreigroschenoper (musical) – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Die Dreigroschenoper (musical)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%91%D1%85%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Трёхгрошовая опера – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Трёхгрошовая опера" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Опера за три гроша – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Опера за три гроша" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Dreigroschenoper" title="Die Dreigroschenoper – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Die Dreigroschenoper" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolmen_pennin_ooppera" title="Kolmen pennin ooppera – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kolmen pennin ooppera" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9C%C3%A7_Kuru%C5%9Fluk_Opera" title="Üç Kuruşluk Opera – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Üç Kuruşluk Opera" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тригрошова опера – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тригрошова опера" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Dreigroschenoper" title="Die Dreigroschenoper – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Die Dreigroschenoper" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><div class="noexcerpt noprint hanvisning_bas"> <dl><dd><i>För en tysk dramatisk musikalfilm från 1931, se <a href="/wiki/Tolvskillingsoperan_(film)" title="Tolvskillingsoperan (film)">Tolvskillingsoperan (film)</a>.  </i></dd></dl></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r53696904">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;margin:.5em 0 .5em 1em;padding:.2em;float:right;clear:right;width:22em;text-align:left;font-size:88%;line-height:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton button,.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton .mw-collapsible-text{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th{border:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow th{border:0;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography{border:1px solid #ccd2d9;text-align:left;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:3px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="padding:2px; text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; background:gold">Tolvskillingsoperan</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Teater%C3%A5ret_1928" title="Teateråret 1928">1928</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Dreigroschenoper_program_notes_1928.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Program till urpremiären 1928. Lotte Lenyas namn har oavsiktligt utelämnats."><img alt="Program till urpremiären 1928. Lotte Lenyas namn har oavsiktligt utelämnats." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Dreigroschenoper_program_notes_1928.png/220px-Dreigroschenoper_program_notes_1928.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="415" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Dreigroschenoper_program_notes_1928.png/330px-Dreigroschenoper_program_notes_1928.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Dreigroschenoper_program_notes_1928.png/440px-Dreigroschenoper_program_notes_1928.png 2x" data-file-width="469" data-file-height="885" /></a></span> <div style="">Program till urpremiären 1928. <a href="/wiki/Lotte_Lenya" title="Lotte Lenya">Lotte Lenyas</a> namn har oavsiktligt utelämnats.</div></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Originaltitel</th><td class="" style=""><i>Die Dreigroschenoper</i></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Uruppförande</th><td class="" style="">31 augusti 1928, <a href="/wiki/Theater_am_Schiffbauerdamm" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater am Schiffbauerdamm">Theater am Schiffbauerdamm</a> i <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Musik</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Weill" title="Kurt Weill">Kurt Weill</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Sångtexter</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Manus</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Baserad på</th><td class="" style=""><i><a href="/wiki/Tiggarens_opera" title="Tiggarens opera">Tiggarens opera</a></i> av <a href="/wiki/John_Gay" title="John Gay">John Gay</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Viktiga sånger</th><td class="" style=""><i><a href="/wiki/Mack_the_Knife" class="mw-redirect" title="Mack the Knife">Balladen om Mackie Kniven</a></i>, <br /> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sj%C3%B6r%C3%B6var-Jennys_visa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjörövar-Jennys visa [inte skriven än]">Sjörövar-Jennys visa</a></i></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Språk</th><td class="" style="">tyska</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Svensk översättning</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Curt_Berg" title="Curt Berg">Curt Berg</a> 1950 <br /> <a href="/wiki/Jan_Mark_(dramaturg)" title="Jan Mark (dramaturg)">Jan Mark</a> 2005</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left;">Viktiga svenska produktioner</th><td class="" style="">1929 <a href="/wiki/Komediteatern" title="Komediteatern">Komediteatern</a> <br /> 1946 <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6_stadsteater" class="mw-redirect" title="Malmö stadsteater">Malmö stadsteater</a> <br /> 1950 <a href="/wiki/Intiman" title="Intiman">Intiman</a> <br /> 1953 <a href="/wiki/Norrk%C3%B6ping-Link%C3%B6ping_stadsteater" class="mw-redirect" title="Norrköping-Linköping stadsteater">Norrköping-Linköping stadsteater</a> <br /> 1955 <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6teborgs_stadsteater" title="Göteborgs stadsteater">Göteborgs stadsteater</a> <br /> 1962 <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6_stadsteater" class="mw-redirect" title="Malmö stadsteater">Malmö stadsteater</a> <br /> 1964 <a href="/wiki/Stockholms_stadsteater" title="Stockholms stadsteater">Stockholms stadsteater</a> <br /> 1969 <a href="/wiki/Dramaten" title="Dramaten">Dramaten</a> <br /> 1970 <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6_stadsteater" class="mw-redirect" title="Malmö stadsteater">Malmö stadsteater</a> <br /> 1988 <a href="/wiki/Dramaten" title="Dramaten">Dramaten</a> <br /> 1997 <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6teborgs_stadsteater" title="Göteborgs stadsteater">Göteborgs stadsteater</a> <br /> 2005 <a href="/wiki/Stockholms_stadsteater" title="Stockholms stadsteater">Stockholms stadsteater</a> <br /> 2015 <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6_stadsteater" class="mw-redirect" title="Malmö stadsteater">Malmö stadsteater</a> <br /> 2019 <a href="/wiki/Folkoperan" title="Folkoperan">Folkoperan</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kulturhuset_Stadsteatern" title="Kulturhuset Stadsteatern">Kulturhuset Stadsteatern</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tolvskillingsoperan</b> (<i>Die Dreigroschenoper</i>) är en <a href="/wiki/Tyska" title="Tyska">tysk</a> <a href="/wiki/Musikteater" title="Musikteater">musikteaterpjäs</a> (<i>Stück mit Musik</i>) från <a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a> av <a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a> (text) och <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Weill" title="Kurt Weill">Kurt Weill</a> (musik). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Produktionshistorik">Produktionshistorik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Produktionshistorik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Produktionshistorik"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Handlingen är en bearbetning av 1700-talspjäsen <i><a href="/wiki/Tiggarens_opera" title="Tiggarens opera">Tiggarens opera</a></i> av <a href="/wiki/John_Gay" title="John Gay">John Gay</a>. Översättningen av Gays drama gjordes av Brechts medarbetare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elisabeth_Hauptmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elisabeth Hauptmann [inte skriven än]">Elisabeth Hauptmann</a>; texten till <i>Tolvskillingsoperan</i> håller sig i många avseenden förmodligen mycket nära denna översättning (som inte finns bevarad), men Brecht förändrade texten på ett större antal viktiga punkter. Bland annat interpolerades sånger, inspirerade av <a href="/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling" title="Rudyard Kipling">Kipling</a> och <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Villon" title="François Villon">Villon</a> (Brecht fick senare medge att han plagierat en tysk Villon-översättning och låta översättaren få del av royalties för verket). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uruppförande"><span id="Uruppf.C3.B6rande"></span>Uruppförande</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Uruppförande" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Uruppförande"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tolvskillingsoperan tillkom under en ganska kort tidsperiod 1928; arbetet med detta verk avbröt för några månader Kurt Weills pågående arbete med <a href="/wiki/Partitur" title="Partitur">partituret</a> till operan <i><a href="/wiki/Mahagonny" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahagonny">Mahagonny</a></i>. Efter kaotiska repetitioner med talrika ändringar och strykningar uruppfördes verket - utan större förväntningar – på <a href="/wiki/Theater_am_Schiffbauerdamm" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater am Schiffbauerdamm">Theater am Schiffbauerdamm</a> i <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a> 31 augusti 1928 med bland andra Weills hustru <a href="/wiki/Lotte_Lenya" title="Lotte Lenya">Lotte Lenya</a> som Krog-Jenny. Trots de låga förväntningarna blev det hela en storslagen succé. Enligt uppgift var det den kraftfulla <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanons%C3%A5ngen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanonsången [inte skriven än]">Kanonsången</a></i> (<i>Kanonenlied</i>) i första akten som lade grunden till publikframgången. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senare_versioner">Senare versioner</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Senare versioner" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Senare versioner"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Tolvskillingsoperan</i> hade premiär på <a href="/wiki/Broadway_(teaterdistrikt)" title="Broadway (teaterdistrikt)">Broadway</a> 1933, där den spelades utan någon stor framgång. I New York 1954 spelade <a href="/wiki/Lotte_Lenya" title="Lotte Lenya">Lenya</a> rollen som Jenny i en uppsättning off-Broadway som blev en långkörare. Pjäsen har sedan dess ofta synts på repertoarerna världen över. 2004 spelades den i London i en djärv nyuppsättning och bearbetning, som gjorde underklassmiljön i pjäsen råare och mer brittisk. </p><p>Den svenskspråkiga premiären ägde rum den 23 oktober 1929 på <a href="/wiki/Svenska_Teatern" title="Svenska Teatern">Svenska Teatern</a> i <a href="/wiki/Helsingfors" title="Helsingfors">Helsingfors</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Svenska_uppsättningar"><span id="Svenska_upps.C3.A4ttningar"></span>Svenska uppsättningar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Svenska uppsättningar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Svenska uppsättningar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bara en dryg vecka efter den finska premiären, den 2 november, skedde den svenska premiären i <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> på <a href="/wiki/Komediteatern" title="Komediteatern">Komediteatern</a> i regi av <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Eklund" title="Ernst Eklund">Ernst Eklund</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> fick upp ögonen för den när han var utbytesstudent i Nazityskland och satte själv upp stycket på <a href="/wiki/Intiman" title="Intiman">Intiman</a> 1950. <a href="/wiki/Dramaten" title="Dramaten">Dramatens</a> första uppsättning ägde rum 1969 i regi av <a href="/wiki/Alf_Sj%C3%B6berg" title="Alf Sjöberg">Alf Sjöberg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2019 spelades <i>Tolvskillingsoperan</i> i ett samarbete mellan <a href="/wiki/Kulturhuset_Stadsteatern" title="Kulturhuset Stadsteatern">Kulturhuset Stadsteatern</a> och <a href="/wiki/Folkoperan" title="Folkoperan">Folkoperan</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Musik">Musik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Musik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Musik"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kurt Weills musik, som kvantitativt går långt utöver omfattningen för vanlig "skådespelsmusik", är däremot med ett undantag helt nyskriven. Den framstår idag som det kanske mest utpräglade uttrycket för Weills så kallade "Song"-stil, men här finns även klart <a href="/wiki/Neobarock" class="mw-redirect" title="Neobarock">neobarocka</a> element (till exempel i <a href="/wiki/Uvertyr" class="mw-redirect" title="Uvertyr">uvertyren</a>) och kännetecken för många olika musikaliska stilar. Sångerna skrevs inte för traditionella skolade röster, men är samtidigt egentligen i svåraste laget för vanliga skådespelare utan professionell sångträning. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mackie_och_Jenny">Mackie och Jenny</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Mackie och Jenny" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Mackie och Jenny"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den mest berömda sången i Tolvskillingsoperan är <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Moritat_von_Mackie_Messer" class="mw-redirect" title="Die Moritat von Mackie Messer">Die Moritat von Mackie Messer</a></i>, ofta bearbetad och av bland andra <a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong" title="Louis Armstrong">Louis Armstrong</a> framförd under titeln <i>Mack the Knife</i>. Sedan har också <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sj%C3%B6r%C3%B6var-Jennys_visa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjörövar-Jennys visa [inte skriven än]">Sjörövar-Jennys visa</a></i> (<i>Die Seeräuber-Jenny</i>) blivit ett mycket populärt stycke bland <a href="/wiki/Kabar%C3%A9" title="Kabaré">kabarésångerskor</a> alltifrån <a href="/wiki/Nina_Simone" title="Nina Simone">Nina Simone</a> till <a href="/wiki/Judy_Collins" title="Judy Collins">Judy Collins</a> och <a href="/wiki/Marianne_Faithfull" title="Marianne Faithfull">Marianne Faithfull</a>. Det svenska 80-talsbandet <a href="/wiki/Imperiet" title="Imperiet">Imperiet</a> spelade in en rockversion av <i>Kanonsången</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personer">Personer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Personer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Personer"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Roll</th> <th>Röstfack</th> <th>Urpremiären 1928 <br /> <a href="/wiki/Theater_am_Schiffbauerdamm" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater am Schiffbauerdamm">Theater am Schiffbauerdamm</a> <br /> Regi <a href="/wiki/Erich_Engel" title="Erich Engel">Erich Engel</a></th> <th>1929 <br /> <a href="/wiki/Komediteatern" title="Komediteatern">Komediteatern</a> <br /> Regi <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Eklund" title="Ernst Eklund">Ernst Eklund</a></th> <th>1950 <br /> <a href="/wiki/Intiman" title="Intiman">Intiman</a> <br /> Regi <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Jonathan Jeremiah Peachum, hälare och ledare för ett tjuv- och tiggarband</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baryton" title="Baryton">baryton</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Erich_Ponto" title="Erich Ponto">Erich Ponto</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sture_Baude" title="Sture Baude">Sture Baude</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anders_Ek" title="Anders Ek">Anders Ek</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fru Peachum (Frau Peachum)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mezzosopran" title="Mezzosopran">mezzosopran</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Valetti" title="Rosa Valetti">Rosa Valetti</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Signe_Wirff" title="Signe Wirff">Signe Wirff</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%B6rdis_Petterson" title="Hjördis Petterson">Hjördis Petterson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Polly, deras dotter</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sopran" title="Sopran">sopran</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma_Bahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roma Bahn [inte skriven än]">Roma Bahn</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alice_Eklund" title="Alice Eklund">Alice Eklund</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gertrud_Fridh" title="Gertrud Fridh">Gertrud Fridh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Macheath (Mackie Messer/Mackie Kniven), banditledare</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenor" title="Tenor">tenor</a>/baryton</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harald_Paulsen" title="Harald Paulsen">Harald Paulsen</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Eklund" title="Ernst Eklund">Ernst Eklund</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edvin_Adolphson" title="Edvin Adolphson">Edvin Adolphson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jackie "Tiger" Brown, polismästare</td> <td>baryton</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Gerron" title="Kurt Gerron">Kurt Gerron</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carl-Gunnar_Wing%C3%A5rd" title="Carl-Gunnar Wingård">Carl-Gunnar Wingård</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ulf_Johanson" title="Ulf Johanson">Ulf Johanson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lucy, hans dotter</td> <td>sopran</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kate_K%C3%BChl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kate Kühl [inte skriven än]">Kate Kühl</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anna-Lisa_Baude" title="Anna-Lisa Baude">Anna-Lisa Baude</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ann-Mari_Wiman" title="Ann-Mari Wiman">Ann-Mari Wiman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Krog-Jenny, prostituerad (Spelunken-Jenny)</td> <td>mezzosopran</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lotte_Lenya" title="Lotte Lenya">Lotte Lenya</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mimi_Pollak" title="Mimi Pollak">Mimi Pollak</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eva_Dahlbeck" title="Eva Dahlbeck">Eva Dahlbeck</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gatusångaren (Moritatensänger)</td> <td>baryton</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Gerron" title="Kurt Gerron">Kurt Gerron</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nils_Lundell" title="Nils Lundell">Nils Lundell</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lars_Egge" title="Lars Egge">Lars Egge</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Filch, en av Peachums tiggare</td> <td>tenor</td> <td>Naphtali Lehrmann</td> <td><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6sta_Terserus" title="Gösta Terserus">Gösta Terserus</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Birger_Malmsten" title="Birger Malmsten">Birger Malmsten</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Smith, konstapel</td> <td>baryton</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Busch_(sk%C3%A5despelare)" title="Ernst Busch (skådespelare)">Ernst Busch</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_St%C3%A5hl" title="Albert Ståhl">Albert Ståhl</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Folke_Hamrin" title="Folke Hamrin">Folke Hamrin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ledsna Walter (Trauerweiden-Walter)</td> <td>tenor</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Rotmund" title="Ernst Rotmund">Ernst Rotmund</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Einar_Axelsson" title="Einar Axelsson">Einar Axelsson</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georg_Skarstedt" title="Georg Skarstedt">Georg Skarstedt</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Falskmyntar-Matthias (Münz-Matthias)</td> <td>tenor</td> <td>Karl Hannemann</td> <td><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6sta_Cederlund" title="Gösta Cederlund">Gösta Cederlund</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alf_%C3%96stlund" title="Alf Östlund">Alf Östlund</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Krokfinger-Jakob (Hakenfinger-Jakob)</td> <td>tenor</td> <td>Manfred Fürst</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nils_Lundell" title="Nils Lundell">Nils Lundell</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Falck" title="Ragnar Falck">Ragnar Falck</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kofots-Robert (Säge-Robert)</td> <td>tenor</td> <td>Josef Buntzel</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sven_Peterson" title="Sven Peterson">Sven Peterson</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiktor_%E2%80%9DKul%C3%B6rten%E2%80%9D_Andersson" title="Wiktor ”Kulörten” Andersson">Wiktor ”Kulörten” Andersson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jimmie</td> <td>tenor</td> <td>Werner Maschmeyer</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bror_%C3%96bergson" title="Bror Öbergson">Bror Öbergson</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6sta_Pr%C3%BCzelius" title="Gösta Prüzelius">Gösta Prüzelius</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ede</td> <td>tenor</td> <td>Albert Venohr</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Erland_Colliander" title="Erland Colliander">Erland Colliander</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rune_Andr%C3%A9asson" title="Rune Andréasson">Rune Andréasson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pastor Kimball</td> <td>talroll</td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Knut_Martin" title="Knut Martin">Knut Martin</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Melin_(sk%C3%A5despelare)" title="John Melin (skådespelare)">John Melin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tiggare, gangstrar, horor, poliser</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bertil_Ehrenmark" title="Bertil Ehrenmark">Bertil Ehrenmark</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Stina_Seelig" title="Stina Seelig">Stina Seelig</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Valborg_Svensson" title="Valborg Svensson">Valborg Svensson</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Maja_Jerlstr%C3%B6m" title="Maja Jerlström">Maja Jerlström</a> <br /> Märta Svensson</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lars-Erik_Liedholm" title="Lars-Erik Liedholm">Lars-Erik Liedholm</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Emy_Storm" title="Emy Storm">Emy Storm</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Julie_Bernby" title="Julie Bernby">Julie Bernby</a> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teeri_Stenhammar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teeri Stenhammar [inte skriven än]">Teeri Stenhammar</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Gita_Gordeladze" title="Gita Gordeladze">Gita Gordeladze</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Astrid_Lindgren_(sk%C3%A5despelare)" title="Astrid Lindgren (skådespelare)">Astrid Lindgren</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Handling">Handling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Handling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Handling"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Prolog</b> </p><p>Den årliga marknaden i Soho. I en ballad besjungs den fruktade och allestädes närvarande banditkungen Macheath, alias Mackie Messer ("Die Moritat von Mackie Messer"). </p><p><b>Akt I</b> </p><p>Jonathan Peachum har grundat en firma, som beviljar "tiggarlicenser" och erbjuder hjälp och skydd mot 50% av inkomsterna. Den som vägrar blir bortkörd eller bestraffad, såsom Filch, som har tiggt på egen hand. Peachum är ständigt på dåligt humör och är nu ursinnig för att dottern Polly har varit borta hela natten. Under tiden firar Polly bröllop med Macheath i ett stall, som är möblerat med tjuvgods. Polly sjunger visan om "Sjörövar-Jenny".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Polismästaren Brown, en gammal vän och krigskamrat till banditkungen, bevistar bröllopet ("Kanonen-Song"). Peachum, som inte vill väcka uppmärksamhet, vill inte ha den uppseendeväckande Macheath till svärson. Han beslutar att röja Macheath ur vägen genom att ange honom för polisen. </p><p><b>Akt II</b> </p><p>Peachum tvingar Brown att söka efter Macheath. Men Polly varnar Macheath som överlämnar ledningen av banditbandet till henne och söker sin tillflykt i sitt tidigare hemvist, en bordell i Soho ("Pimp's Ballad"). Macheaths före detta väninna och medarbetare, horan Jenny, mutas av fru Peachum och förråder honom för polisen. Polismästaren Brown vill ogärna gripa sin gamle vän. Browns dotter Lucy ställer till en scen eftersom Macheath har lovat att gifta sig med henne. När Polly besöker sin make råkar de båda kvinnorna i luven på varandra ("Das Eifersuchtsduett"). Medan Polly hämtas av sin mor, hjälper Lucy banditledaren att fly. </p><p><b>Akt III</b> </p><p>Peachum utövar utpressning mot Brown. Om Macheath inte hamnar bakom lås och bom, tänker han låta sina tiggare ställa till med oroligheter under firandet av drottningens kröning. Macheath blir åter förrådd av Jenny och sätts i fängelse i väntan på att han skall hängas. Macheath försöker muta vakterna men gatorna är överfulla med folk på grund av kröningsfestligheterna och pengarna kommer inte fram i tid. Banditerna och även hans hustru Polly tar avsked av Macheath. Banditledaren förs till galgen men en kunglig budbärare kommer ridande och tillkännager att Macheath har blivit benådad ("Gang zum Galgen"). Macheath erhåller en livränta och ett adelsbrev från drottningen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmatiseringar">Filmatiseringar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitt: Filmatiseringar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Filmatiseringar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Pabst_Prejean_1931.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Pabst_Prejean_1931.jpg/250px-Pabst_Prejean_1931.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Pabst_Prejean_1931.jpg/375px-Pabst_Prejean_1931.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Pabst_Prejean_1931.jpg/500px-Pabst_Prejean_1931.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="691" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Pabst" title="Georg Wilhelm Pabst">Georg Wilhelm Pabst</a> (t.h.) med skådespelaren <a href="/wiki/Albert_Pr%C3%A9jean" title="Albert Préjean">Albert Préjean</a> under inspelningen av den franska versionen av <i>Tolvskillingsoperan</i> 1931.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>1931 regisserade <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Pabst" title="Georg Wilhelm Pabst">Georg Wilhelm Pabst</a> den <a href="/wiki/Tolvskillingsoperan_(film)" title="Tolvskillingsoperan (film)">första filmatiseringen</a> av <i>Die Dreigroschenoper</i>. Sångerskan <a href="/wiki/Lotte_Lenya" title="Lotte Lenya">Lotte Lenya</a> medverkade i rollen som Krog-Jenny.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1931, Pabst gjorde även fransk version, <i>L'opéra de quat'sous</i>, där den mest namnkunnige skådespelaren i ensemblen är <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Artaud" title="Antonin Artaud">Antonin Artaud</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1962, en tysk filmatisering av <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Staudte" title="Wolfgang Staudte">Wolfgang Staudte</a> med <a href="/wiki/Curd_J%C3%BCrgens" title="Curd Jürgens">Curd Jürgens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gert_Fr%C3%B6be" title="Gert Fröbe">Gert Fröbe</a> och <a href="/wiki/Hildegard_Knef" title="Hildegard Knef">Hildegard Knef</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1989 gjordes en amerikansk film som fick titeln <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mack_the_Knife_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mack the Knife (film) [inte skriven än]">Mack the Knife</a></i> i regi av Menahem Golan med bland andra <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Juli%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Raúl Juliá">Raúl Juliá</a> och <a href="/wiki/Richard_Harris" title="Richard Harris">Richard Harris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2018 hade den tyska filmen <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mackie_Messer_%E2%80%93_Brechts_Dreigroschenfilm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mackie Messer – Brechts Dreigroschenfilm [inte skriven än]">Mackie Messer – Brechts Dreigroschenfilm</a></i> premiär. Filmen är regisserad av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joachim_A._Lang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joachim A. Lang [inte skriven än]">Joachim A. Lang</a>. Filmen handlar dels om Bertolt Brechts arbete med att överföra teaterstycket till film dels framförs hela <i>Tolvskillingsoperan</i>. Huvudrollen som Bertholt Brecht spelas av <a href="/wiki/Lars_Eidinger" title="Lars Eidinger">Lars Eidinger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tolvskilling" title="Tolvskilling">Tolvskilling</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&action=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Myggans nöjeslexikon</i>, band 14 (Höganäs 1993), s 61.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text">I originalversionen sjöngs visan om "Sjörövar-Jenny" av Polly men har i senare versioner flyttats till akt II och sjungs då av Jenny själv.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Die Dreigroschenoper</i> på imdb <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0021818/">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>L'opéra de quat'sous</i> på imdb <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0022235/">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Die_Dreigroschenoper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Die Dreigroschenoper [inte skriven än]">Die Dreigroschenoper</a></i> (1962) på imdb <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0055932/">[3]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Mack the Knife</i> på imdb <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0097800/">[4]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6575280/">”Mack the Knife - Brecht's Threepenny Film”</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6575280/">http://www.imdb.com/title/tt6575280/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 31 oktober 2018</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Mack+the+Knife+-+Brecht%27s+Threepenny+Film&rft.atitle=&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt6575280%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tolvskillingsoperan"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; 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Forster">Forster</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">Faulkner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Flaubert" title="Gustave Flaubert">Flaubert</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide" title="André Gide">Gide</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Knut_Hamsun" title="Knut Hamsun">Hamsun</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Ha%C5%A1ek" title="Jaroslav Hašek">Hašek</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Hemingway</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Hesse" title="Hermann Hesse">Hesse</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">Joyce</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka" title="Franz Kafka">Kafka</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Koestler" title="Arthur Koestler">Koestler</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/D.H._Lawrence" title="D.H. Lawrence">Lawrence</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Mann</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Mansfield" title="Katherine Mansfield">Mansfield</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Filippo_Tommaso_Marinetti" title="Filippo Tommaso Marinetti">Marinetti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Musil" title="Robert Musil">Musil</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/John_Dos_Passos" title="John Dos Passos">Dos Passos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Platonov" title="Andrej Platonov">Platonov</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Proust" title="Marcel Proust">Proust</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Stein" title="Gertrude Stein">Stein</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Italo_Svevo" title="Italo Svevo">Svevo</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Anton_Tjechov" title="Anton Tjechov">Tjechov</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno" title="Miguel de Unamuno">Unamuno</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Woolf" title="Virginia Woolf">Woolf</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Poesi</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anna_Achmatova" title="Anna Achmatova">Achmatova</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Aldington" title="Richard Aldington">Aldington</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/W.H._Auden" title="W.H. Auden">Auden</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Blaise_Cendrars" title="Blaise Cendrars">Cendrars</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hart_Crane" title="Hart Crane">Crane</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hilda_Doolittle" title="Hilda Doolittle">Hilda Doolittle</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Desnos" title="Robert Desnos">Desnos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/T.S._Eliot" title="T.S. Eliot">Eliot</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_%C3%89luard" title="Paul Éluard">Éluard</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Odysseas_Elytis" title="Odysseas Elytis">Elytis</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Stefan_George" title="Stefan George">George</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Max_Jacob" title="Max Jacob">Jacob</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Kavafis" title="Konstantinos Kavafis">Kavafis</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Federico_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca" title="Federico García Lorca">Lorca</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Mallarm%C3%A9" title="Stéphane Mallarmé">Mallarmé</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Marianne_Moore" title="Marianne Moore">Moore</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Owen" title="Wilfred Owen">Owen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa" title="Fernando Pessoa">Pessoa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ezra_Pound" title="Ezra Pound">Pound</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Maria_Rilke" title="Rainer Maria Rilke">Rilke</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Giorgos_Seferis" title="Giorgos Seferis">Seferis</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Stevens" title="Wallace Stevens">Stevens</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Dylan_Thomas" title="Dylan Thomas">Thomas</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tristan_Tzara" title="Tristan Tzara">Tzara</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Val%C3%A9ry" title="Paul Valéry">Valéry</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/William_Carlos_Williams" title="William Carlos Williams">Williams</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/W.B._Yeats" class="mw-redirect" title="W.B. Yeats">Yeats</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Verk</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A5_spaning_efter_den_tid_som_flytt" title="På spaning efter den tid som flytt">På spaning efter den tid som flytt</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1913–1927)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rvandlingen" title="Förvandlingen">Förvandlingen</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1915)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Odysseus_(roman)" title="Odysseus (roman)">Odysseus</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1922)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Det_%C3%B6de_landet" title="Det öde landet">Det öde landet</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1922)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Bergtagen_(roman)" title="Bergtagen (roman)">Bergtagen</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1924)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Mrs_Dalloway" title="Mrs Dalloway">Mrs Dalloway</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1925)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Och_solen_har_sin_g%C3%A5ng" title="Och solen har sin gång">Och solen har sin gång</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1926)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4staren_och_Margarita" title="Mästaren och Margarita">Mästaren och Margarita</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1928–1940)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Stormen_och_vreden" title="Stormen och vreden">Stormen och vreden</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1929)</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Bildkonst" title="Bildkonst">Bildkonst</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Modernistisk_konst" class="mw-redirect" title="Modernistisk konst">Målarkonst</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Arp</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Umberto_Boccioni" title="Umberto Boccioni">Boccioni</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Constantin_Br%C3%A2ncu%C8%99i" title="Constantin Brâncuși">Brâncuși</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Georges_Braque" title="Georges Braque">Braque</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Calder" title="Alexander Calder">Calder</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Cassatt" title="Mary Cassatt">Cassatt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne" title="Paul Cézanne">Cézanne</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Marc_Chagall" title="Marc Chagall">Chagall</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_de_Chirico" title="Giorgio de Chirico">Chirico</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Camille_Claudel" title="Camille Claudel">Claudel</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Dalí</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Degas" title="Edgar Degas">Degas</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Willem_de_Kooning" title="Willem de Kooning">Kooning</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Otto_Dix" title="Otto Dix">Dix</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Theo_van_Doesburg" title="Theo van Doesburg">Doesburg</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Duchamp</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Ernst</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gauguin" title="Paul Gauguin">Gauguin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Giacometti" title="Alberto Giacometti">Giacometti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">van Gogh</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Juan_Gris" title="Juan Gris">Gris</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/George_Grosz" title="George Grosz">Grosz</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Hopper" title="Edward Hopper">Hopper</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Frida_Kahlo" title="Frida Kahlo">Kahlo</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vasilij_Kandinskij" title="Vasilij Kandinskij">Kandinskij</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner" title="Ernst Ludwig Kirchner">Kirchner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Klee" title="Paul Klee">Klee</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Kokoschka" title="Oskar Kokoschka">Kokoschka</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fernand_L%C3%A9ger" title="Fernand Léger">Léger</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte">Magritte</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kazimir_Malevitj" title="Kazimir Malevitj">Malevitj</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Édouard Manet">Manet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Franz_Marc" title="Franz Marc">Marc</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Henri_Matisse" title="Henri Matisse">Matisse</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Miró</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Amedeo_Modigliani" title="Amedeo Modigliani">Modigliani</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Piet_Mondrian" title="Piet Mondrian">Mondrian</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Claude_Monet" title="Claude Monet">Monet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Henry_Moore" title="Henry Moore">Moore</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Munch" title="Edvard Munch">Munch</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Emil_Nolde" title="Emil Nolde">Nolde</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_O%27Keeffe" title="Georgia O'Keeffe">O'Keeffe</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Picasso</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Camille_Pissarro" title="Camille Pissarro">Pissarro</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Man_Ray" title="Man Ray">Ray</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Renoir" title="Auguste Renoir">Renoir</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Rodin" title="Auguste Rodin">Rodin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Henri_Rousseau" title="Henri Rousseau">Rousseau</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Egon_Schiele" title="Egon Schiele">Schiele</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Georges_Seurat" title="Georges Seurat">Seurat</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Signac" title="Paul Signac">Signac</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Sisley" title="Alfred Sisley">Sisley</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Toulouse-Lautrec</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Grant_Wood" title="Grant Wood">Wood</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Film</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Antonioni</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Bergman</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Buñuel</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Chaplin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Cocteau" title="Jean Cocteau">Cocteau</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Th._Dreyer" title="Carl Th. Dreyer">Dreyer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Blake_Edwards" title="Blake Edwards">Edwards</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sergej_Eisenstein" title="Sergej Eisenstein">Eisenstein</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Werner_Fassbinder" title="Rainer Werner Fassbinder">Fassbinder</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Fellini</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">Ford</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Godard</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Buster_Keaton" title="Buster Keaton">Keaton</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Kubrick</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Kurosawa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Lang" title="Fritz Lang">Lang</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ida_Lupino" title="Ida Lupino">Lupino</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Minnelli</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Yasujiro_Ozu" title="Yasujiro Ozu">Ozu</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Ray</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Renoir</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Victor_Sj%C3%B6str%C3%B6m" title="Victor Sjöström">Sjöström</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Tati" title="Jacques Tati">Tati</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_Varda" title="Agnès Varda">Varda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Dziga_Vertov" title="Dziga Vertov">Vertov</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Modernistisk_arkitektur" title="Modernistisk arkitektur">Arkitektur</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Breuer" title="Marcel Breuer">Breuer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Gropius" title="Walter Gropius">Gropius</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Victor_Horta" title="Victor Horta">Horta</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Friedensreich_Hundertwasser" title="Friedensreich Hundertwasser">Hundertwasser</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Philip_Johnson" title="Philip Johnson">Johnson</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Le_Corbusier" title="Le Corbusier">Le Corbusier</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Loos" title="Adolf Loos">Loos</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Erich_Mendelsohn" title="Erich Mendelsohn">Mendelsohn</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Neutra" title="Richard Neutra">Neutra</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Niemeyer" title="Oscar Niemeyer">Niemeyer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gerrit_Rietveld" title="Gerrit Rietveld">Rietveld</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Eero_Saarinen" title="Eero Saarinen">Saarinen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Steiner" title="Rudolf Steiner">Steiner</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Louis_Sullivan" title="Louis Sullivan">Sullivan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe" title="Ludwig Mies van der Rohe">Mies</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Wright</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Verk</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/En_s%C3%B6ndagseftermiddag_p%C3%A5_%C3%B6n_La_Grande_Jatte" title="En söndagseftermiddag på ön La Grande Jatte">En söndagseftermiddag på ön La Grande Jatte</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1886)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Montagne_Sainte-Victoire_(m%C3%A5lning)" title="Montagne Sainte-Victoire (målning)">Montagne Sainte-Victoire</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1887)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Stj%C3%A4rnenatt" title="Stjärnenatt">Stjärnenatt</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1889)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Flickorna_fr%C3%A5n_Avignon" title="Flickorna från Avignon">Flickorna från Avignon</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1907)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Naken_kvinna_som_g%C3%A5r_nerf%C3%B6r_en_trappa,_nr_2" title="Naken kvinna som går nerför en trappa, nr 2">Naken kvinna som går nerför en trappa, nr 2</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1912)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Svart_kvadrat" title="Svart kvadrat">Svart kvadrat</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1915)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Dr._Caligaris_kabinett" title="Dr. Caligaris kabinett">Dr. Caligaris kabinett</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1920)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Pansarkryssaren_Potemkin" title="Pansarkryssaren Potemkin">Pansarkryssaren Potemkin</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1925)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Metropolis_(film)" title="Metropolis (film)">Metropolis</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1927)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Den_andalusiska_hunden" title="Den andalusiska hunden">Den andalusiska hunden</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1929)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Villa_Savoye" title="Villa Savoye">Villa Savoye</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1931)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fallingwater" title="Fallingwater">Fallingwater</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1936)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Citizen_Kane" title="Citizen Kane">Citizen Kane</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1941)</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Scenkonst" title="Scenkonst">Scenkonst</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Modernism_(musik)" title="Modernism (musik)">Musik</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Bartók</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alban_Berg" title="Alban Berg">Berg</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nadia_Boulanger" title="Nadia Boulanger">Boulanger</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Boulez</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Copland</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Claude_Debussy" title="Claude Debussy">Debussy</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith">Hindemith</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Honegger" title="Arthur Honegger">Honegger</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">Ligeti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Witold_Lutos%C5%82awski" title="Witold Lutosławski">Lutosławski</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Darius_Milhaud" title="Darius Milhaud">Milhaud</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sergej_Prokofjev" title="Sergej Prokofjev">Prokofjev</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Erik_Satie" title="Erik Satie">Satie</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Sch%C3%B6nberg" title="Arnold Schönberg">Schönberg</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Skrjabin" title="Aleksandr Skrjabin">Skrjabin</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Strauss</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinskij" title="Igor Stravinskij">Stravinskij</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Heitor_Villa-Lobos" title="Heitor Villa-Lobos">Villa-Lobos</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Teater</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Anouilh" title="Jean Anouilh">Anouilh</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Artaud" title="Antonin Artaud">Artaud</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Beckett</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Brecht</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Ibsen" title="Henrik Ibsen">Ibsen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Jarry" title="Alfred Jarry">Jarry</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Maeterlinck" title="Maurice Maeterlinck">Maeterlinck</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Majakovskij" title="Vladimir Majakovskij">Majakovskij</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%27Neill" title="Eugene O'Neill">O'Neill</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello" title="Luigi Pirandello">Pirandello</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/August_Strindberg" title="August Strindberg">Strindberg</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Anton_Tjechov" title="Anton Tjechov">Tjechov</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wedekind" title="Frank Wedekind">Wedekind</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Thornton_Wilder" title="Thornton Wilder">Wilder</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Dans</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/George_Balanchine" title="George Balanchine">Balanchine</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Merce_Cunningham" title="Merce Cunningham">Cunningham</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sergej_Djagilev" title="Sergej Djagilev">Djagilev</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan">Duncan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Michel_Fokine" title="Michel Fokine">Fokine</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Loie_Fuller" title="Loie Fuller">Fuller</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Graham</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9onide_Massine" title="Léonide Massine">Massine</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Wac%C5%82aw_Ni%C5%BCy%C5%84ski" title="Wacław Niżyński">Niżyński</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ruth_St._Denis" title="Ruth St. Denis">St. Denis</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Grete_Wiesenthal" title="Grete Wiesenthal">Wiesenthal</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Wigman" title="Mary Wigman">Wigman</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Verk</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Don_Juan_(Strauss)" title="Don Juan (Strauss)">Don Juan</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1888)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Verkl%C3%A4rte_Nacht" title="Verklärte Nacht">Verklärte Nacht</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1899)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Pell%C3%A9as_och_M%C3%A9lisande_(opera,_Debussy)" title="Pelléas och Mélisande (opera, Debussy)">Pelléas och Mélisande</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1902)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Salome_(opera)" title="Salome (opera)">Salome</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1905)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Eldf%C3%A5geln_(balett)" title="Eldfågeln (balett)">Eldfågeln</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1910)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/En_fauns_eftermiddag_(balett)" title="En fauns eftermiddag (balett)">En fauns eftermiddag</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1912)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A5roffer" title="Våroffer">Våroffer</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1913)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Fountain" title="Fountain">Fountain</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1917)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Sex_roller_s%C3%B6ker_en_f%C3%B6rfattare" title="Sex roller söker en författare">Sex roller söker en författare</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1921)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tolvskillingsoperan</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1928)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/4%E2%80%B233%E2%80%B3" title="4′33″">4′33″</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1952)</span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/I_v%C3%A4ntan_p%C3%A5_Godot" title="I väntan på Godot">I väntan på Godot</a></i> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1953)</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Se även</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/4D_inom_konsten" title="4D inom konsten">4D inom konsten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Andra_Wienskolan" title="Andra Wienskolan">Andra Wienskolan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Armory_Show" title="Armory Show">Armory Show</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Avantgarde" title="Avantgarde">Avantgarde</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Ballets_Russes" title="Ballets Russes">Ballets Russes</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bloomsburygruppen" title="Bloomsburygruppen">Bloomsburygruppen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Entartete_Kunst" title="Entartete Kunst">Entartete Kunst</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">Film noir</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Impressionism_(m%C3%A5leri)" title="Impressionism (måleri)">Impressionism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Impressionism_(litteratur)" title="Impressionism (litteratur)">Litteratur</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Impressionism_(musik)" title="Impressionism (musik)">Musik</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Postimpressionism" title="Postimpressionism">Post</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Internationell_stil" title="Internationell stil">Internationell stil</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Modernitet" title="Modernitet">Modernitet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nyromantik" title="Nyromantik">Nyromantik</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nya_sakligheten" title="Nya sakligheten">Nya sakligheten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Poetisk_realism_(film)" title="Poetisk realism (film)">Poetisk realism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Postmodernism" title="Postmodernism">Postmodernism</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kategori"><img alt="Kategori" 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href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&oldid=54217707">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tolvskillingsoperan&oldid=54217707</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pj%C3%A4ser_av_Bertolt_Brecht" title="Kategori:Pjäser av Bertolt Brecht">Pjäser av Bertolt Brecht</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Verk_av_Kurt_Weill" title="Kategori:Verk av Kurt Weill">Verk av Kurt Weill</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Tyskspr%C3%A5kig_litteratur" title="Kategori:Tyskspråkig litteratur">Tyskspråkig litteratur</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Tyska_musikaler" title="Kategori:Tyska musikaler">Tyska musikaler</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:London_i_fiktion" title="Kategori:London i fiktion">London i fiktion</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Musik%C3%A5ret_1928" title="Kategori:Musikåret 1928">Musikåret 1928</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Teater%C3%A5ret_1928" title="Kategori:Teateråret 1928">Teateråret 1928</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:1928_i_Tyskland" title="Kategori:1928 i Tyskland">1928 i Tyskland</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 13 december 2023 kl. 21.48.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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