CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '917bff269fb6fe8c',cH: 'k9UALD1U9KE0Ez7fCgoUksH2hoZo8s_pe.ExqL_4lF8-1740531610-1.2.1.1-kBi3_WmoQTEOnyPZSz1zdyMWyYYhPkgWZN16XLVMf8CGbINXmS0oqi5yFPUhNVAj',cUPMDTk: "\/9999499\/iso690?__cf_chl_tk=LnFDkrdnCMUqlcqKBnU5Yho7ecGgiZiEvSmW0PCKPts-1740531610-1.0.1.1-gGFS6zP60grfi57hj7Cwa6syXCW8pUUo7k4WnL1nCuM",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740531610',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/9999499\/iso690?__cf_chl_f_tk=LnFDkrdnCMUqlcqKBnU5Yho7ecGgiZiEvSmW0PCKPts-1740531610-1.0.1.1-gGFS6zP60grfi57hj7Cwa6syXCW8pUUo7k4WnL1nCuM",md: "oIDNmbn9i6_Elws2tgHLKKdJ5EQagPgskmaVv5WhW50-1740531610-1.2.1.1-p9k24Ms1HWoxDD3iHJqeFBbonJS_Q9OvwRIDtvf0tjKFlqAiaXsIxijXTzSa7VGBrPZ7Ey9V5ccXq9lkIeW9rlcHpUu90cKfxN1g.68QT_LQogi4pkOnGTFQG2MyCgGPQmO4aKS8pZJugflMpSb1I_9Aas025F.M.BbafpydpoMoJbv3Hh2Tz1bgYSZ6tVBveG7uv6oCWNIZQMuofjoruxv1kbEBDKfK0QN1mpynFX8LSrubDZ3zKT76UloXhD_vR.IErU8Hid3cx_5jl1x2.Fnd8tF4yrO0WrnCFrOgiocd8DTd98RUzKZJ511Mir_SLbES9UBLYhcUsHKh481HyCGv_QL5hLnUkJmHURGbn2NkAsLEpXsXh3bC0ErIULbbwkrtqIjLnA59PxJmxFd_KFrQokO3lCz6QZ69jP78xCr8Vk_Lql8VZ5AjPy5695tp1kMZfxAa.AE1Ww.sWTf9ex24e2MO9p9fMphh7PPpWO3azm78_yhLxtycYyL7j2pa6QHEa4Y511HAMyORznaoyVoYsEIcBDoPD819MKvzWhulSBqggcFYIiIY30muPcaGE2yoAIZjTcLpopfl8sCsjtbUIJgwP.gAzle68SzLX1.IIkGpv3bE8Lx52iW4Pqk_MMhChgZGPDDYN9Ox7Y6DjIHB0cSHAUvaC6Mk2FAPv4H9PgRMuELus0OC6zG2dq3kCPzkeyYKETIu66HQoawwn.x0CIBR_CFFLsbkAPxInrQK6qvvCPelc.2PpLQFrku_8Wig3XLXpJwyUx0WrjSrYlAgCsvtCjP8Zeg0DtZqgp8E1cjtsaiRGUHgadDPTEmhuqS.jnZmCOeS9Bc9RcOH8kAe6Hz4H8lHMiSsDx0nT52_GVtRsS41BhEidv7WLU7D_xV6gckgb5EO4K68mgnp.oJnteaYNDBx1X_1MKFN.3xYHHU4EiDsPP7zvTGgJEXXPHqWyjHpWBMO5upG9nTSNr8whJm4T.3rS1NgdP6mdpLiDZElDrlzLLyG3bUa5c6iimct1xTONpg7paa1WbQGc7xufXoN5jZCALhk8loQB6KtjvhlH_M5p.t4fh5siYcWip6E6ZyXtkTleBFDJRkl2LxiHxjsqnv7gT_5w89b8jiKIX4Ya5jt7FuGMzDGijquaVkxfPgN5EvQeBJFU3tBSj8StaM34rFPtjb.wc8P1uGSyDmbuRLSY5Wpt27H5C4TOculnyTVPD61eN9gbWPvv3_9wgq.xSH440u2YdUJa9WInBcDr5awajNS0NjaKy2gJlJiXNq3bOG1_iVYNVB48CWTvTRD.IY1KS50fPwnj2dHilfP590kQr5iqiCEhtZxKsSbvAe6IUDQLd416qgK6Uc_IcBUm8AiIiUCUrJPdUhHJKR1jHC2t1mKoIH8wKa5KLETcRgXoLdbqiCN.kuaJl6MB2GwXjGZrw43KBwXEU.m2.hSGjL0tTVT9Qzy.jaordk8cBsImrhTjecN68Z_HUrjUQ.muPcoiATiGZGGZqXG5Duy_6sn0uYIUw7j25_yiJVN1MWCYg95669i4RJY97AFlhA.3pJGT_gSBDQVj.C70pBFuCfFM9lc.pmxxtkLQ1UoFxl6ScBC0c5lq5Yz8omoEQYSGSjiI4x4MYHjal0uLr6hZbdJdofsl1Iw4fjUaxV5B96LBiP5SLq6AniJLGTTMz0WsI0ndiHkWFJ056cB4MT_w9QVoj45N7utMOsIM9eBjitR8KeaCFtZyFe4xGuCWTu5eEpwuKQULj9lLvTQxr54eliiGbRxUM.FFAr.rPIQ_e1NX5nn_zOZrWLvPoODRQK0HwnBMuPx7xN.CBJBtH8FKSIM6lYXtUPavye3B3bSWfZyd2l38.I.z06A4WvFKi.CsupEkb5gVhU6uBU",mdrd: "0qaNov_VmXtbldqeScME6V77xHMgs7NeBxgJTGJ2MzY-1740531610-1.2.1.1-MOPnhZA7IK8wn9iu4WdRXMGX3R9ilPR6bKjybyTzPplIg_5H9Pu0w7QqQv3Xa9JEIasZRy334UnW1vMShpq7Ckem8ze85Q_Z0KPRLvxDVbEKVQ5WoujKuZW.6JJqH5urjz4t8FEadRBeM8mg6mM5I608jqLtyUoAT1C4EF9tOqD_jE6DyfffM9lT4I9e3oZUQ5zIJYWkUEZK3d1fknwejcwuYu7Y.vmhfNn.VlTyVK_dOxzE6tSWYNJtfMVg60LteRtY0mGRmV0NaPG9EqCv73UmPyGofgb6l77oLlSsOTOG7OLOzG8cZ6xCjfnUjyaH9L3tD_1wTacopRRV1etx5mbsJSM5FGojKDjWNbc7ojn0rW14r7Tiy3Spk_9pi7oIdXrjNoIvjZ.XsjRHehJQPAcsPTfkTSyKn5hznOF.qHD8LHT9R4McY4emGvgP7WeWUxxrMJut4gDT6nUqU01NprpqFDuWb8inXEkbjxIb_pBOoa49olgqOmFxh4cavv1208U2tsm8fbe9NOlWL_EFsBWWkID6wdF6du5IHuBbg3.1JrrPiNcJLC..mjpHxcz4ItYL0rSXjI732NmfR.qYVa4eVzUbKu0R8YsSe_P.Hbw8V.TFW7HW_f5FDvj_ElXXZyLeZ0.dioByFjtbfpayfY0vSD7LN83hThx0q_ZOL_WtNSCi8wOZxgMGsIv6m9e4me_qBtk3.W0VH4jU8EPA53g3lGWKHySr1LIuPdZKxb9BNfRHu5WzDLkiOXJUxaKos_eIaZyMlJxhTQ5hYHlxHA.ZW9ouRlRgEJDDJy32QxhijCi3uUgremtzFAvDxfouVbL44mpTcEMSTP1vb5N6XvL7oYQIufBQMGdNg.e4s1Q5c58hcriS8EGVsinc0nurFpg3r8e6p_l8HM9WgWiMzJFZCyJQaOUJX1ELpJa8tTO5_5Xdq5D4Wu6Ro6oJm9rxH0skcSHXkYeD0tuxpG2f6QbQzag0OcZrlc76Z_OiEeHs18wWVNPBEw62lVRAVwSfDAZGafnAMG11..f3iPFwhl1l4XGswwrxIfY8ExPvbxMjz8uktT7jkIbkia_u9O9VAcfqq41j3F2s8bPeFzTQPLAtOCH4W8q2BzZGmOOYgTeaOyihCPC4gECXgEV_pQpXb2k4V.qjZBkyJLm_ctibkrPyG9T5ORbRvMcrMhpFdJMRKn7BWft9rA.rPYTiiFrUExKUW1s09qVogMEEIKSC35MsoM6mVylSFRkL2dKi8ON.mjuGx2DgXKddPcA_1h3rmyk2cuOG79c1LQMDC8qN.SAZEXdjgdQzOsQr9wfuH.rozS2UCzgx_VyNwrDHa4n_oHg_eI202m4jdm3WBr4PcGyAJ_Kuel91wsv1IWnK4ZAZXNlavfa.IOsk4OJ7iLMb9U4IY5wPCvAaO1q_rA6WZ3BKnic6.QrZc7P2o1tEvbGnWYRi2ajQaygZRUK.GIMFUElseHIbf6gHJfUVSyWzZiigsSp0uRYGVxQw9M.WOgK8TTToAXoqCnH2pr5_f5FLMgIQc73SO5xylWtJ.I2KIuo3q3VuqiP.4E1Vs0I7cKBH6UGowkEI8F6.R.M0kAOOmhYiuWBo_FwC3yLRNY4TLphu9D9b4M2ZfLncs3XWVOxFemwxNS7Ey5gMpBSN7nOM8EwBcyECTeLY7r26RuKgqgbcYSiGfyiJdNAbMPtsBPmTMfgvXi3cFkpAaBgc.ltZf6Bomur.BZV9i9BFz0jzlSPDVb.f03loWGpzCPNRmwSXcs6xrUjnMEbNNuVP_CiC5bjO9c0p2KL1YhVZDeBz_LKtHN0vRmo253NWE3zIVXo5RVa3QgEW9U9CGxcisBI8OLZ.RmZ8JZgZhx8H1BW768DFG63hDOYBi_8Y_g599eHQOb5fEE1i62sQZDgy9b5xXNMXWBsP5ROpa6epFG67fJYUk4YFk0rr9riYUSOiM5XuU9DyBRhrJIxkPfU77lRrXMiG0iZqwxWeOKa044A20A"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=917bff269fb6fe8c';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/9999499\/iso690?__cf_chl_rt_tk=LnFDkrdnCMUqlcqKBnU5Yho7ecGgiZiEvSmW0PCKPts-1740531610-1.0.1.1-gGFS6zP60grfi57hj7Cwa6syXCW8pUUo7k4WnL1nCuM" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>