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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Move_to_free_software" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Move_to_free_software"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Move to free software</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Move_to_free_software-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theora_I_specification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theora_I_specification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Theora I specification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theora_I_specification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Performance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Performance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Performance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Performance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Performance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Performance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Encoding_performance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Encoding_performance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Encoding performance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Encoding_performance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Playback_performance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Playback_performance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Playback performance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Playback_performance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Playback" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Playback"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Playback</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Playback-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Playback subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Playback-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Web_browsers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web_browsers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Web browsers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Web_browsers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supporting_media_frameworks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supporting_media_frameworks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Supporting media frameworks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supporting_media_frameworks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supporting_applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supporting_applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Supporting applications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supporting_applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Encoding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Encoding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Encoding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Encoding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Editing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Streaming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Streaming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Streaming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Streaming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Makers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Makers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Makers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Makers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="ثيورا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ثيورا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EC%98%A4%EB%9D%BC" title="테오라 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="테오라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1" title="തിയോറ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തിയോറ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora_(compressieformaat)" title="Theora (compressieformaat) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Theora (compressieformaat)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora_(kodek)" title="Theora (kodek) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Theora (kodek)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogg_Theora" title="Ogg Theora – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ogg Theora" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora" title="Theora – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Theora" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Free lossy video compression format</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the genus of clams, see <a href="/wiki/Theora_(bivalve)" title="Theora (bivalve)">Theora (bivalve)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom:0.15em;">Theora</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theora_logo_2007.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Theora_logo_2007.svg/64px-Theora_logo_2007.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Theora_logo_2007.svg/96px-Theora_logo_2007.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Theora_logo_2007.svg/128px-Theora_logo_2007.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="418" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extension</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><div class="monospaced"> .ogv, .ogg</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Media_type" title="Media type">Internet media type</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><div class="monospaced"> video/ogg</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Developed by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Xiph.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiph.org">Xiph.org</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;">1 June 2004<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2004-06-01</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-theora-freeze_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theora-freeze-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Theora I<br />16 March 2011<sup id="cite_ref-theoraspec_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theoraspec-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Type of format</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Video_coding_format" title="Video coding format">Video coding format</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Contained by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Ogg" title="Ogg">Ogg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matroska" title="Matroska">Matroska</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Extended from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/VP3" title="VP3">VP3</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/International_standard" title="International standard">Standard</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theora.org/doc/Theora.pdf">Specification</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Open_file_format" title="Open file format">Open format</a>?</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Open_standard#Comparison_of_definitions" title="Open standard">Free format</a>?</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theora.org/">theora.org</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">libtheora</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Xiph.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiph.org">Xiph.org</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">3 November 2008<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2008-11-03</span>)</span> (1.0)</td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">1.1.1 / 1 October 2009<span class="noprint">; 15 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2009-10-01</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#Beta" title="Software release life cycle">Preview release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">1.2.0 Alpha 1 / 24 September 2010<span class="noprint">; 14 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2010-09-24</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a> (incl <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a>), <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Video_codec" title="Video codec">Video codec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reference_implementation_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reference implementation (computing)">reference implementation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/BSD_licenses" title="BSD licenses">3-clause BSD</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theora.org/">www<wbr />.theora<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Theora</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Free_file_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Free file format">free</a> <a href="/wiki/Lossy_compression" title="Lossy compression">lossy</a> <a href="/wiki/Video_compression_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Video compression format">video compression format</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was developed by the <a href="/wiki/Xiph.Org_Foundation" title="Xiph.Org Foundation">Xiph.Org Foundation</a> and distributed without licensing fees alongside their other free and open media projects, including the <a href="/wiki/Vorbis" title="Vorbis">Vorbis</a> audio format and the <a href="/wiki/Ogg" title="Ogg">Ogg</a> container. </p><p>The <b>libtheora</b> <a href="/wiki/Video_codec" title="Video codec">video codec</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Reference_implementation_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reference implementation (computing)">reference implementation</a> of the Theora video compression format developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-libtheora-xiph_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-libtheora-xiph-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-libtheora-ohloh_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-libtheora-ohloh-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Theora was derived from the formerly <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary</a> <a href="/wiki/VP3" title="VP3">VP3</a> codec, released into the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> by <a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies" title="On2 Technologies">On2 Technologies</a>. It is broadly comparable in design and bitrate efficiency to <a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2" title="MPEG-4 Part 2">MPEG-4 Part 2</a>, early versions of <a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Video" title="Windows Media Video">Windows Media Video</a>, and <a href="/wiki/RealVideo" title="RealVideo">RealVideo</a> while it lacked some of the features present in some of these other codecs. It is comparable in open standards philosophy to the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dirac_(video_compression_format)" title="Dirac (video compression format)">Dirac</a> codec. </p><p>Theora was named after <a href="/wiki/Theora_Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="Theora Jones">Theora Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edison_Carter" class="mw-redirect" title="Edison Carter">Edison Carter</a>'s Controller on the <i><a href="/wiki/Max_Headroom_(TV_series)" title="Max Headroom (TV series)">Max Headroom</a></i> television program.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_details">Technical details</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Technical details"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Theora is a <a href="/wiki/Variable_bitrate" title="Variable bitrate">variable-bitrate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Discrete_cosine_transform" title="Discrete cosine transform">DCT</a>-based video compression scheme. Like most common video codecs, Theora used <a href="/wiki/Chroma_subsampling" title="Chroma subsampling">chroma subsampling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Block_(data_storage)" title="Block (data storage)">block</a>-based motion compensation and an 8-by-8 DCT block. Pixels are grouped into various structures, namely blocks, super blocks, and <a href="/wiki/Macroblocks" class="mw-redirect" title="Macroblocks">macroblocks</a>. Theora supports intra-coded frames ("keyframes") and forward-predictive frames, but not <a href="/wiki/B-frame" class="mw-redirect" title="B-frame">bi-predictive frames</a> which are found in <a href="/wiki/H.264" class="mw-redirect" title="H.264">H.264</a> and <a href="/wiki/VC-1" title="VC-1">VC-1</a>. Theora also does not support <a href="/wiki/Interlaced_video" title="Interlaced video">interlacing</a>, or bit-depths larger than 8 bits per component.<sup id="cite_ref-theoraspec_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theoraspec-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Theora video streams can be stored in any suitable <a href="/wiki/Container_format_(digital)" class="mw-redirect" title="Container format (digital)">container format</a>, but they are most commonly found in the <a href="/wiki/Ogg" title="Ogg">Ogg</a> container with <a href="/wiki/Vorbis" title="Vorbis">Vorbis</a> or <a href="/wiki/FLAC" title="FLAC">FLAC</a> audio streams. This combination provided a completely open, royalty-free multimedia format. It can also be used with the <a href="/wiki/Matroska" title="Matroska">Matroska</a> container.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Theora video-compression format is compatible with the VP3 video-compression format, which consisted of a backward-compatible superset.<sup id="cite_ref-theora-license_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theora-license-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FAQ-VP3_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAQ-VP3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Theora is a superset of VP3, and VP3 streams (with some minor syntactic modifications) can be converted into Theora streams without recompression (but not vice versa).<sup id="cite_ref-FAQ-VP3_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAQ-VP3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> VP3 video compression can be decoded using Theora implementations, but Theora video compression usually cannot be decoded using old VP3 implementations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/VP3" title="VP3">VP3</a></div> <p>Theora's predecessor <i>On2 TrueMotion VP3</i> was originally a <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary</a> and patent-encumbered <a href="/wiki/Video_codec" title="Video codec">video codec</a> developed by <a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies" title="On2 Technologies">On2 Technologies</a>. VP3.1 was introduced in May 2000<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and followed three months later by the VP3.2 release,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was the basis for Theora. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Move_to_free_software">Move to free software</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Move to free software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2001, On2 Technologies announced that they would release an open source version of their VP3.2 video compression algorithm.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2001, On2 Technologies published the <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> of the VP3.2 codec under the VP3.2 Public License 0.1,<sup id="cite_ref-vp32license-01_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vp32license-01-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a custom open-source license.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The license only granted the right to modify the source code if the resultant larger work continued to support playback of VP3.2 data.<sup id="cite_ref-vp32license-01_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vp32license-01-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2002, On2 responded to the public's reception by relicensing the VP3 codec under the <a href="/wiki/GNU_Lesser_General_Public_License" title="GNU Lesser General Public License">GNU Lesser General Public License</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2002, On2 donated VP3 to the Xiph.Org Foundation and offered it under the Ogg Vorbis <a href="/wiki/BSD_License" class="mw-redirect" title="BSD License">BSD</a>-style license.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-linux-com-ogg_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-linux-com-ogg-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On2 also made an irrevocable, <a href="/wiki/Royalty-free" title="Royalty-free">royalty-free</a> license grant for any patent claims it might have over the software and any derivatives,<sup id="cite_ref-theoraspec_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theoraspec-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> allowing anyone to use any VP3-derived codec for any purpose.<sup id="cite_ref-theora-license_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theora-license-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vp32-license_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vp32-license-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2002, On2 entered into an agreement with the Xiph.Org Foundation to make VP3 the basis of a new, free video codec, called Theora.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On2 declared Theora to be VP3's successor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> On 3 October 2002, On2 and Xiph announced the completion and availability of the initial alpha code release of <i>libtheora</i>, Theora's reference implementation.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is no formal specification for VP3's <a href="/wiki/Bitstream_format" title="Bitstream format">bitstream format</a> beyond the VP3 source code published by On2 Technologies. In 2003, Mike Melanson created an incomplete description of the VP3 bitstream format and decoding process at a higher level than source code, with some help from On2 and Xiph.Org Foundation. The Theora specification adopted some portions of this VP3 description.<sup id="cite_ref-theoraspec_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theoraspec-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vp3-bitstream_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vp3-bitstream-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A successor to Theora, <a href="/wiki/Daala" title="Daala">Daala</a>, was later merged into <a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AOMCNet2015September_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AOMCNet2015September-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theora_I_specification">Theora I specification</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Theora I specification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/I-15bis.ogv/220px--I-15bis.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="102" data-mwtitle="I-15bis.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:I-15bis.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/I-15bis.ogv/I-15bis.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/I-15bis.ogv/I-15bis.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/I-15bis.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c5/I-15bis.ogv/I-15bis.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /></video></span><figcaption>Example of a Theora video used on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>, showing a <a href="/wiki/Polikarpov_I-15" title="Polikarpov I-15">Polikarpov I-15</a> biplane at an aerobatic display.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Theora I bitstream format was <a href="/wiki/Freeze_(software_engineering)" title="Freeze (software engineering)">frozen</a> in June 2004 after the libtheora 1.0alpha3 release.<sup id="cite_ref-theora-freeze_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theora-freeze-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Videos encoded with any version of the libtheora since the alpha3 will be compatible with any future player.<sup id="cite_ref-theora-freeze_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theora-freeze-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-theora-news_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theora-news-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is also true for videos encoded with any implementation of the Theora I specification since the format freeze. The <i>Theora I Specification</i> was completely published in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-theoraspec-2004_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theoraspec-2004-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Any later changes in the specification are minor updates. </p><p>The Theora reference implementation libtheora spent several years in <a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#Alpha" title="Software release life cycle">alpha</a> and beta status.<sup id="cite_ref-theora-news_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theora-news-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first alpha version was released on 25 September 2002 and the first beta version was released on 22 September 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-CHANGES_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CHANGES-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first stable release of libtheora was made in November 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Work then focused on improving the codec's performance in the <i>"Thusnelda"</i> branch, which was released as version 1.1 in September 2009 as the second stable libtheora release.<sup id="cite_ref-theora-news_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theora-news-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This release brought some technical improvements and new features, such as the new rate control module and the <a href="/wiki/Two-pass_encoding" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-pass encoding">two-pass rate control</a>. </p><p>The codename for the next version of libtheora was <i>Ptalarbvorm</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-ptalarbvorm_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ptalarbvorm-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Theora was well established as a video format in <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source applications</a>, and became the format used for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>'s video content before replaced by <a href="/wiki/VP9" title="VP9">VP9</a>. However, the proposed adoption of Theora as part of the baseline video support in HTML5 <a href="/wiki/Use_of_Ogg_formats_in_HTML5" title="Use of Ogg formats in HTML5">resulted in controversy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy">Legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2023, Google announced intent to remove Theora support from Chromium (finalizing removal by Google Chrome 123),<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with Firefox following suit. Google developers claimed that despite lack of adoption, Theora made a case for open and royalty-free codecs like <a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="The current source is primary (WP:NOTRS). (November 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Performance">Performance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Performance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Encoding_performance">Encoding performance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Encoding performance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Evaluations of the VP3<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and early Theora encoders<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> found that their subjective visual quality was inferior to that of contemporary video codecs. The performance characteristics of the Theora 1.0 reference implementation are dominated mostly by implementation problems inherited from the original VP3 code base.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Work that lead up to the 1.1 stable release focused on improving on or eliminating these. A May 2009 review of this work by Xiph developer Chris Montgomery claimed a considerable improvement in quality, both subjectively and as measured by <a href="/wiki/PSNR" class="mw-redirect" title="PSNR">PSNR</a>, by improving the forward <a href="/wiki/Discrete_cosine_transform" title="Discrete cosine transform">DCT</a> and quantisation matrices.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recently however,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (June 2021)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> Xiph developers compared the 1.1 Theora encoder to <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>'s H.264 and <a href="/wiki/H.263%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="H.263+">H.263+</a> encoders, in response to concerns raised in 2009 about Theora's inferior performance by <a href="/wiki/Chris_DiBona" title="Chris DiBona">Chris DiBona</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> employee.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They found the results from Theora to be nearly the same as YouTube's H.264 output, and much better than the H.263+ output.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The differences in quality, bitrate and file size between a YouTube H.264 video and a transcoded Ogg video file are very small.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Playback_performance">Playback performance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Playback performance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There was an <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source</a> <a href="/wiki/VHDL" title="VHDL">VHDL</a> code base for a hardware Theora decoder in development.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (June 2021)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> It began as a 2006 <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> <a href="/wiki/Summer_of_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Summer of Code">Summer of Code</a> project, and it has been developed on both the <a href="/wiki/Nios_II" title="Nios II">Nios II</a> and <a href="/wiki/LEON" title="LEON">LEON</a> processors.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there are currently no Theora decoder chips in production, and <a href="/wiki/Portable_media_player" title="Portable media player">portable media players</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphones</a> and similar devices with limited computing power rely on such chips to provide efficient playback. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Playback">Playback</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Playback"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Cleanup-list plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may contain <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">unverified</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_an_indiscriminate_collection_of_information" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">indiscriminate</a> information</b> in <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Embedded_lists" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Embedded lists">embedded lists</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit">clean up the lists</a> by removing items or incorporating them into the text of the article.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2014</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Web_browsers">Web browsers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Web browsers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Use_of_Ogg_formats_in_HTML5" title="Use of Ogg formats in HTML5">Use of Ogg formats in HTML5</a></div> <p>As originally recommended by <a href="/wiki/HTML_5" class="mw-redirect" title="HTML 5">HTML 5</a>, these browsers support Theora when embedded by the <code>video</code> element: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Firefox_3.5" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozilla Firefox 3.5">Mozilla Firefox 3.5</a> and later versions<sup id="cite_ref-gecko191_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gecko191-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-firefox35_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-firefox35-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <a href="/wiki/Firefox_for_mobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Firefox for mobile">Firefox for mobile</a> (Fennec).<sup id="cite_ref-firefox_mobile_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-firefox_mobile-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Theora support may be removed in the future due to low usage.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> as of version 3.0.182.2<sup id="cite_ref-chrome3_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chrome3-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chrome3-video-cnet_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chrome3-video-cnet-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including <a href="/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)" title="Chromium (web browser)">Chromium</a> as of 14 July 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-chromium_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chromium-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chrome 120 disabled support for Theora by default<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the complete removal is expected in version 123.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tizen" title="Tizen">Tizen</a> browser</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SeaMonkey" title="SeaMonkey">SeaMonkey</a> as of version 2.0.<sup id="cite_ref-seamonkey2_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seamonkey2-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konqueror" title="Konqueror">Konqueror</a> 4.4.2<sup id="cite_ref-konqueror_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-konqueror-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-konqueror44_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-konqueror44-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_(web_browser)" title="Opera (web browser)">Opera</a> as of version <a href="/wiki/Opera_10#10.50" class="mw-redirect" title="Opera 10">10.50</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also supported in <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Opera_web_browser#Version_9.5" title="History of the Opera web browser">Opera 9.5</a> experimental video builds.<sup id="cite_ref-opera_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-opera-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-opera-dev_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-opera-dev-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stopped supporting Theora after version 107.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNOME_Web" title="GNOME Web">GNOME Web</a> uses WebKitGTK+ as its rendering engine. As WebKitGTK+ uses <a href="/wiki/GStreamer" title="GStreamer">GStreamer</a> to implement the HTML5 media player, and all the formats GStreamer supports (including Theora) are available in browser.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midori_(web_browser)" title="Midori (web browser)">Midori</a> is another example of a browser that supports Theora by using WebKitGTK+.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporting_media_frameworks">Supporting media frameworks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Supporting media frameworks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DirectShow" title="DirectShow">DirectShow</a> with use of <a href="/wiki/OpenCodecs" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenCodecs">OpenCodecs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GStreamer" title="GStreamer">GStreamer</a> supported via Theora or FFmpeg module, supports <a href="/wiki/Category:Software_that_uses_GStreamer" title="Category:Software that uses GStreamer">GStreamer based applications</a> e.g. <a href="/wiki/Totem_(media_player)" class="mw-redirect" title="Totem (media player)">Totem</a> and <a href="/wiki/Songbird_(software)" title="Songbird (software)">Songbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonon_(KDE)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phonon (KDE)">Phonon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime</a> (including but not limited to Safari) with use of <a href="/wiki/Xiph_QuickTime_Components" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiph QuickTime Components">Xiph QuickTime Components</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporting_applications">Supporting applications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Supporting applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FFmpeg" title="FFmpeg">FFmpeg</a> (own implementation)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helix_project" class="mw-redirect" title="Helix project">Helix Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miro_Media_Player" class="mw-redirect" title="Miro Media Player">Miro Media Player</a> (formerly known as <a href="/wiki/Democracy_Player" class="mw-redirect" title="Democracy Player">Democracy Player</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPlayer" title="MPlayer">MPlayer</a> and front-ends</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totem_(media_player)" class="mw-redirect" title="Totem (media player)">Totem</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moovida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moovida (page does not exist)">Moovida</a> and all <a href="/wiki/GStreamer" title="GStreamer">GStreamer</a>-based players</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VLC_media_player" title="VLC media player">VLC</a> (native support)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xine" title="Xine">xine</a> and all libxine-based players like <a href="/wiki/Kaffeine" title="Kaffeine">Kaffeine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Player" title="Dragon Player">Dragon Player</a> and all Phonon-based players</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Encoding">Encoding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Encoding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are several third-party programs that support encoding through libtheora: </p> <table style="text-align: center;" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Name </th> <th rowspan="2">Description </th> <th colspan="3">Operating Systems Supported </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10%;">  </td> <td style="width: 10%;">  </td> <td style="width: 10%;">Unix-like </td> <td style="width: 10%;">OS X </td> <td style="width: 10%;">Windows </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Ffmpeg2theora" class="mw-redirect" title="Ffmpeg2theora">ffmpeg2theora</a><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">A command-line program that transcodes video by decoding with <a href="/wiki/FFmpeg" title="FFmpeg">FFmpeg</a> and reencoding with libtheora to encode it </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/VLC_media_player" title="VLC media player">VLC</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Can transcode to single-pass Theora 1.0 and optionally stream it </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/FreeJ" title="FreeJ">FreeJ</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">"Video DJing" software that can encode to and stream Theora </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Kdenlive" title="Kdenlive">Kdenlive</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">The video editor supplied with <a href="/wiki/KDE" title="KDE">KDE</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Pitivi" title="Pitivi">Pitivi</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">The video editor supplied with <a href="/wiki/GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME</a> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/LiVES" title="LiVES">LiVES</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Video editing software for Linux. Can edit, encode and stream theora. </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/HandBrake" title="HandBrake">HandBrake</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Can output to Theora only with the <a href="/wiki/Matroska" title="Matroska">Matroska</a> container </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/RecordMyDesktop" title="RecordMyDesktop">RecordMyDesktop</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Records the screen to Ogg Theora with optional Vorbis audio </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The libtheora library contains the reference implementation of the Theora specification for encoding and decoding. libtheora was developed by the <a href="/wiki/Xiph.Org_Foundation" title="Xiph.Org Foundation">Xiph.Org Foundation</a>. The library was released under the terms of a <a href="/wiki/BSD_licenses" title="BSD licenses">BSD-style license</a>. </p><p>Also, several media frameworks have support for Theora. </p> <ul><li>The open-source <a href="/wiki/Ffdshow" title="Ffdshow">ffdshow</a> audio/video decoder is capable of encoding Theora videos using its <a href="/wiki/Video_for_Windows" title="Video for Windows">Video for Windows</a> (VFW) multi-codec interface within popular AVI editing programs.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It supports both encoding and decoding Theora video streams and uses Theora's alpha 4 libraries. However, many of the more refined features of Theora are not available to the user in ffdshow's interface.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/GStreamer" title="GStreamer">GStreamer</a> framework has support for parsing raw Theora streams, encoding and decoding raw Theora streams to/from YUV video<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editing">Editing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Editing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="text-align: center;" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Name </th> <th rowspan="2">Description </th> <th colspan="3">Operating Systems Supported </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10%;">  </td> <td style="width: 10%;">  </td> <td style="width: 10%;">Unix-like </td> <td style="width: 10%;">OS X </td> <td style="width: 10%;">Windows </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/LiVES" title="LiVES">LiVES</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Video editing software for Linux. Can edit, encode and stream theora. </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Kdenlive" title="Kdenlive">Kdenlive</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">The <a href="/wiki/KDE" title="KDE">KDE</a> video editor. </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/OpenShot_Video_Editor" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenShot Video Editor">OpenShot</a></dt></dl> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Pitivi" title="Pitivi">Pitivi</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">The <a href="/wiki/GNOME" title="GNOME">GNOME</a> video editor. </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Cinelerra" title="Cinelerra">Cinelerra</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_Versions_System" title="Concurrent Versions System">CVS</a> versions of the <a href="/wiki/Cinelerra" title="Cinelerra">Cinelerra</a> <a href="/wiki/Non-linear_editing_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-linear editing system">non-linear video editing system</a> support Theora, as of August 2005. </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt>oggz-tools by <a href="/wiki/Xiph.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiph.org">Xiph.org</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Command line programs to examine and edit Ogg files. </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt>Ogg Video Tools by yornstreamnik</dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Tools to resize, cut, split, join, and others<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/AVS_Video_Editor" title="AVS Video Editor">AVS Video Editor</a></dt></dl> </td> <td> </td> <td>? </td> <td>? </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Streaming">Streaming</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Streaming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following streaming media servers are capable of streaming Theora video: </p> <table style="text-align: center;" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Name </th> <th rowspan="2">Description </th> <th colspan="3">Operating Systems Supported </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 10%;">  </td> <td style="width: 10%;">  </td> <td style="width: 10%;">Unix-like </td> <td style="width: 10%;">OS X </td> <td style="width: 10%;">Windows </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/VLC_media_player" title="VLC media player">VLC</a></dt></dl> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Icecast" title="Icecast">Icecast</a></dt></dl> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/LiVES" title="LiVES">LiVES</a></dt></dl> </td> <td style="text-align: left;">Can stream ogg/theora/vorbis in realtime to a file or fifo. </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td>? </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Makers">Makers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Makers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Elphel" title="Elphel">Elphel</a> is the main maker of cameras that record in theora. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/28px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/42px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/56px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Free_and_open-source_software" title="Portal:Free and open-source software">Free and open-source software portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Video_editing_software" title="Video editing software">Video editing software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_video_codecs" title="Comparison of video codecs">Comparison of video codecs</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-theora-freeze-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-theora-freeze_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theora-freeze_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theora-freeze_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGiles2004" class="citation mailinglist cs1">Giles, Ralph (1 June 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lists.xiph.org/pipermail/theora-dev/2004-June/001112.html">"Theora I bitstream freeze"</a>. <i>theora-dev</i> (Mailing list)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Xiph.Org Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved 2 September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOn22000" class="citation cs2">On2 (17 May 2000), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071203064537/http://www.on2.com/index.php?id=486&news_id=407"><i>On2.com Launches Next Generation of Revolutionary Broadband Video Technology</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.on2.com/index.php?id=486&news_id=407">the original</a> on 3 December 2007</cite><span 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sourceforge.net&rft.atitle=Ogg+Video+Tools+-+Browse+Files+at+SourceForge.net&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Foggvideotools%2Ffiles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheora" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theora&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theora.org/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.xiph.org/index.php/List_of_Theora_videos">Examples of Theora-encoded videos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maketelevision.com/log/why_ogg_theora_matters_for_internet_tv">Why Theora Matters for Internet TV</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.flossmanuals.net/ogg-theora/">Theora user manual</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://svn.xiph.org/trunk/theora/doc/draft-ietf-avt-rtp-theora-00.txt">RTP Payload Format for Theora Encoded Video – Xiph.Org</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-barbato-avt-rtp-theora-01">IETF Internet Draft</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-27076_3-10289952-248.html">Wikipedia's controversial video player coming soon</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090805084233/http://news.cnet.com/8301-27076_3-10289952-248.html">Archived</a> 5 August 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://compression.ru/video/codec_comparison/h264_2010">H.264 and Theora codecs comparison</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">MPEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DV_(video_format)" title="DV (video format)">DV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG" title="Motion JPEG">MJPEG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG_2000" title="Motion JPEG 2000">Motion JPEG 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1" title="MPEG-1">MPEG-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">MPEG-2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2" title="H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2">Part 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4" title="MPEG-4">MPEG-4</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2" title="MPEG-4 Part 2">Part 2 / ASP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.264/MPEG-4_AVC" class="mw-redirect" title="H.264/MPEG-4 AVC">Part 10 / AVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_IVC" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-4 IVC">Part 33 / IVC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-H" title="MPEG-H">MPEG-H</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">Part 2 / HEVC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG-I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPEG-I (page does not exist)">MPEG-I</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Video_Coding" title="Versatile Video Coding">Part 3 / VVC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-5" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-5">MPEG-5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essential_Video_Coding" title="Essential Video Coding">Part 1 / EVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCEVC" title="LCEVC">Part 2 / LCEVC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a>, <a href="/wiki/Video_Coding_Experts_Group" title="Video Coding Experts Group">VCEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H.120" title="H.120">H.120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.261" title="H.261">H.261</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2" title="H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2">H.262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.263" title="H.263">H.263</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">H.264 / AVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">H.265 / HEVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Video_Coding" title="Versatile Video Coding">H.266 / VVC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">SMPTE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VC-1" title="VC-1">VC-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirac_(video_compression_format)" title="Dirac (video compression format)">VC-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avid_DNxHD" title="Avid DNxHD">VC-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CineForm" title="CineForm">VC-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VC-6" title="VC-6">VC-6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies" title="On2 Technologies">TrueMotion</a> and AOMedia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies#TrueMotion_S" title="On2 Technologies">TrueMotion S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP3" title="VP3">VP3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP6" title="VP6">VP6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP7" class="mw-redirect" title="VP7">VP7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP8" title="VP8">VP8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP9" title="VP9">VP9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Chinese Standard</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#First_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS1 P2/AVS+</a>(GB/T 20090.2/16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#Second_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS2 P2</a>(GB/T 33475.2,GY/T 299.1) <ul><li>HDR Vivid(GY/T 358)</li></ul></li> <li>AVS3 P2(GY/T 368)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Video" title="Apple Video">Apple Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bink_Video" title="Bink Video">Bink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinepak" title="Cinepak">Cinepak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daala" title="Daala">Daala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Video_Interactive" title="Digital Video Interactive">DVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FFV1" title="FFV1">FFV1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huffyuv" title="Huffyuv">Huffyuv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indeo" title="Indeo">Indeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagarith" title="Lagarith">Lagarith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Video_1" title="Microsoft Video 1">Microsoft Video 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSU_Lossless_Video_Codec" title="MSU Lossless Video Codec">MSU Lossless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMS_Video" title="OMS Video">OMS Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixlet" title="Pixlet">Pixlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_ProRes" title="Apple ProRes">ProRes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ProRes_422" class="mw-redirect" title="ProRes 422">422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProRes_4444" class="mw-redirect" title="ProRes 4444">4444</a></li></ul></li> <li>QuickTime <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_Animation" title="QuickTime Animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_Graphics" title="QuickTime Graphics">Graphics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealVideo" title="RealVideo">RealVideo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTVideo" title="RTVideo">RTVideo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SheerVideo" title="SheerVideo">SheerVideo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smacker_video" title="Smacker video">Smacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorenson_Media" title="Sorenson Media">Sorenson Video/Spark</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Theora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_(video_codec)" title="Thor (video codec)">Thor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ut_Video_Codec_Suite" title="Ut Video Codec Suite">Ut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Video" title="Windows Media Video">WMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RatDVD" title="RatDVD">XEB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YULS" title="YULS">YULS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Audio_coding_format" title="Audio coding format">Audio<br />compression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">MPEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_II" title="MPEG-1 Audio Layer II">MPEG-1 Layer II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_Multichannel" title="MPEG Multichannel">Multichannel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_I" title="MPEG-1 Audio Layer I">MPEG-1 Layer I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High-Efficiency_Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="High-Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding">HE-AAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AAC-LD" title="AAC-LD">AAC-LD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_Surround" title="MPEG Surround">MPEG Surround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Lossless_Coding" title="Audio Lossless Coding">MPEG-4 ALS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_SLS" title="MPEG-4 SLS">MPEG-4 SLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Audio_CD#DST" title="Super Audio CD">MPEG-4 DST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_Vector_Excitation_Coding" title="Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding">MPEG-4 HVXC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Code-excited linear prediction">MPEG-4 CELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Speech_and_Audio_Coding" title="Unified Speech and Audio Coding">MPEG-D USAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-H_3D_Audio" title="MPEG-H 3D Audio">MPEG-H 3D Audio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G.711" title="G.711">G.711</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-law_algorithm" title="A-law algorithm">A-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C-law_algorithm" title="Μ-law algorithm">µ-law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.718" title="G.718">G.718</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.719" title="G.719">G.719</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.722" title="G.722">G.722</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.722.1" title="G.722.1">G.722.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_Wideband" title="Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband">G.722.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.723" title="G.723">G.723</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.723.1" title="G.723.1">G.723.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.726" title="G.726">G.726</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.728" title="G.728">G.728</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.729" title="G.729">G.729</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.729.1" title="G.729.1">G.729.1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opus_(audio_format)" title="Opus (audio format)">Opus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Low_Bitrate_Codec" title="Internet Low Bitrate Codec">iLBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speex" title="Speex">Speex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vorbis" title="Vorbis">Vorbis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FLAC" title="FLAC">FLAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/3GPP" title="3GPP">3GPP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_audio_codec" title="Adaptive Multi-Rate audio codec">AMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_Wideband" title="Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband">AMR-WB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Adaptive_Multi-Rate_%E2%80%93_Wideband" title="Extended Adaptive Multi-Rate – Wideband">AMR-WB+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Variable_Rate_Codec" title="Enhanced Variable Rate Codec">EVRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Variable_Rate_Codec_B" title="Enhanced Variable Rate Codec B">EVRC-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Voice_Services" title="Enhanced Voice Services">EVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_Rate" title="Half Rate">GSM-HR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_Rate" title="Full Rate">GSM-FR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_full_rate" title="Enhanced full rate">GSM-EFR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ETSI" class="mw-redirect" title="ETSI">ETSI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dolby_Digital" title="Dolby Digital">AC-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolby_AC-4" title="Dolby AC-4">AC-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DTS_(sound_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="DTS (sound system)">DTS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Bluetooth_Special_Interest_Group" title="Bluetooth Special Interest Group">Bluetooth SIG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SBC_(codec)" title="SBC (codec)">SBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LC3_(codec)" title="LC3 (codec)">LC3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Chinese Standard</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#First_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS1 P10</a>(GB/T 20090.10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#Second_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS2 P3</a>(GB/T 33475.3) <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Audio_Vivid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Audio Vivid (page does not exist)">Audio Vivid</a>(GY/T 363)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Resolution_Adaptation" title="Dynamic Resolution Adaptation">DRA</a>(GB/T 22726)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L2HC" title="L2HC">L2HC</a></li> <li>ExAC(SJ/T 11299.4)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algebraic_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Algebraic code-excited linear prediction">ACELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Lossless_Audio_Codec" title="Apple Lossless Audio Codec">ALAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asao_(codec)" title="Asao (codec)">Asao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Transform_Acoustic_Coding" class="mw-redirect" title="Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding">ATRAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CELT" title="CELT">CELT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codec_2" title="Codec 2">Codec 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speech_Audio_Codec" title="Internet Speech Audio Codec">iSAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyra_(codec)" title="Lyra (codec)">Lyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed-excitation_linear_prediction" title="Mixed-excitation linear prediction">MELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey%27s_Audio" title="Monkey's Audio">Monkey's Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MT9" title="MT9">MT9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musepack" title="Musepack">Musepack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OptimFROG" title="OptimFROG">OptimFROG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_Sound_Quality" title="Original Sound Quality">OSQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualcomm_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Qualcomm code-excited linear prediction">QCELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relaxed_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Relaxed code-excited linear prediction">RCELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealAudio" title="RealAudio">RealAudio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTAudio" title="RTAudio">RTAudio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avid_Audio#Sound_Designer_file_formats" title="Avid Audio">SD2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorten_file_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorten file format">SHN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SILK" title="SILK">SILK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(codec)" title="Siren (codec)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selectable_Mode_Vocoder" title="Selectable Mode Vocoder">SMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SVOPC" title="SVOPC">SVOPC</a></li> <li>TTA <ul><li>True Audio</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TwinVQ" title="TwinVQ">TwinVQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable-Rate_Multimode_Wideband" title="Variable-Rate Multimode Wideband">VMR-WB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vector_sum_excited_linear_prediction" title="Vector sum excited linear prediction">VSELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WavPack" title="WavPack">WavPack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Audio" title="Windows Media Audio">WMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Quality_Authenticated" title="Master Quality Authenticated">MQA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX" title="AptX">aptX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_HD" title="AptX">aptX HD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_Low_Latency" title="AptX">aptX Low Latency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_Adaptive" title="AptX">aptX Adaptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LDAC_(codec)" title="LDAC (codec)">LDAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LHDC_(codec)" title="LHDC (codec)">LHDC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LHDC_(codec)#LLAC" title="LHDC (codec)">LLAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Image_compression" title="Image compression">Image<br />compression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web_Consortium" title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</a>, <a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_Photographic_Experts_Group" title="Joint Photographic Experts Group">JPEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_4_compression" title="Group 4 compression">CCITT Group 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GIF" title="GIF">GIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format#HEIC:_HEVC_in_HEIF" title="High Efficiency Image File Format">HEIC / HEIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding#Main_Still_Picture" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBIG" title="JBIG">JBIG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBIG2" title="JBIG2">JBIG2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG" title="JPEG">JPEG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_2000" title="JPEG 2000">JPEG 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG-LS" class="mw-redirect" title="JPEG-LS">JPEG-LS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XL" title="JPEG XL">JPEG XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XR" title="JPEG XR">JPEG XR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XS" title="JPEG XS">JPEG XS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XT" title="JPEG XT">JPEG XT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Network Graphics">PNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIFF" title="TIFF">TIFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIFF/EP" title="TIFF/EP">TIFF/EP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIFF/IT" class="mw-redirect" title="TIFF/IT">TIFF/IT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/APNG" title="APNG">APNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVIF" title="AVIF">AVIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_Portable_Graphics" title="Better Portable Graphics">BPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DjVu" title="DjVu">DjVu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenEXR" title="OpenEXR">EXR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Lossless_Image_Format" title="Free Lossless Image Format">FLIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICER_(file_format)" title="ICER (file format)">ICER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple-image_Network_Graphics" title="Multiple-image Network Graphics">MNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Graphics_File" title="Progressive Graphics File">PGF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QOI_(image_format)" title="QOI (image format)">QOI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_VR" title="QuickTime VR">QTVR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_Application_Protocol_Bitmap_Format" title="Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format">WBMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebP" title="WebP">WebP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_container_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital container format">Containers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_elementary_stream" title="MPEG elementary stream">MPEG-ES</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Packetized_elementary_stream" title="Packetized elementary stream">MPEG-PES</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_program_stream" title="MPEG program stream">MPEG-PS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream" title="MPEG transport stream">MPEG-TS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_base_media_file_format" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO/IEC base media file format">ISO/IEC base media file format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_14" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-4 Part 14">MPEG-4 Part 14</a> (MP4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG_2000" title="Motion JPEG 2000">Motion JPEG 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-21" title="MPEG-21">MPEG-21 Part 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_media_transport" title="MPEG media transport">MPEG media transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2#Systems" title="MPEG-2">H.222.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG_2000" title="Motion JPEG 2000">T.802</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Real-time_Transport_Protocol" title="Real-time Transport Protocol">RTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogg" title="Ogg">Ogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matroska" title="Matroska">Matroska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">SMPTE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Exchange_Format" title="General Exchange Format">GXF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_Exchange_Format" title="Material Exchange Format">MXF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3GP_and_3G2" title="3GP and 3G2">3GP and 3G2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMV_video_format" title="AMV video format">AMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Systems_Format" title="Advanced Systems Format">ASF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Interchange_File_Format" title="Audio Interchange File Format">AIFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Interleave" title="Audio Video Interleave">AVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au_file_format" title="Au file format">AU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_Portable_Graphics" title="Better Portable Graphics">BPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bink_Video" title="Bink Video">Bink</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smacker_video" title="Smacker video">Smacker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMP_file_format" title="BMP file format">BMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DivX#DivX_Media_Format_(DMF)" title="DivX">DivX Media Format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_VOB" title="Enhanced VOB">EVO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_Video" title="Flash Video">Flash Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format" title="High Efficiency Image File Format">HEIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interchange_File_Format" title="Interchange File Format">IFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.m2ts" title=".m2ts">M2TS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matroska" title="Matroska">Matroska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WebM" title="WebM">WebM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_File_Format" title="QuickTime File Format">QuickTime File Format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RatDVD" title="RatDVD">RatDVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealMedia" title="RealMedia">RealMedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_Interchange_File_Format" title="Resource Interchange File Format">RIFF</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WAV" title="WAV">WAV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOD_and_TOD" title="MOD and TOD">MOD and TOD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VOB" title="VOB">VOB, IFO and BUP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Collaborations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NETVC" title="NETVC">NETVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_LA" title="MPEG LA">MPEG LA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Open_Media" title="Alliance for Open Media">Alliance for Open Media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">Methods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Entropy_encoding" class="mw-redirect" title="Entropy encoding">Entropy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arithmetic_coding" title="Arithmetic coding">Arithmetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huffman_coding" title="Huffman coding">Huffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modified_Huffman_coding" title="Modified Huffman coding">Modified</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_predictive_coding" title="Linear predictive coding">LPC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algebraic_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Algebraic code-excited linear prediction">ACELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Code-excited linear prediction">CELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_spectral_pairs" title="Line spectral pairs">LSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warped_linear_predictive_coding" title="Warped linear predictive coding">WLPC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lossless_compression" title="Lossless compression">Lossless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lossy_compression" title="Lossy compression">Lossy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LZ77_and_LZ78" title="LZ77 and LZ78">LZ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DEFLATE" class="mw-redirect" title="DEFLATE">DEFLATE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lempel%E2%80%93Ziv%E2%80%93Welch" title="Lempel–Ziv–Welch">LZW</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulse-code_modulation" title="Pulse-code modulation">PCM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-law_algorithm" title="A-law algorithm">A-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C-law_algorithm" title="Μ-law algorithm">µ-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_differential_pulse-code_modulation" title="Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation">ADPCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differential_pulse-code_modulation" title="Differential pulse-code modulation">DPCM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transform_coding" title="Transform coding">Transforms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_cosine_transform" title="Discrete cosine transform">DCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Fourier_transform" title="Fast Fourier transform">FFT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modified_discrete_cosine_transform" title="Modified discrete cosine transform">MDCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wavelet" title="Wavelet">Wavelet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daubechies_wavelet" title="Daubechies wavelet">Daubechies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_wavelet_transform" title="Discrete wavelet transform">DWT</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_audio_coding_formats" title="Comparison of audio coding formats">Comparison of audio coding formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_video_codecs" title="Comparison of video codecs">Comparison of video codecs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_codecs" title="List of codecs">List of codecs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See <a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_methods" title="Template:Compression methods">Compression methods</a> for techniques and <a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_software" title="Template:Compression software">Compression software</a> for codecs</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Data_compression_software" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_software" title="Template:Compression software"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Compression_software" title="Template talk:Compression software"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Compression_software" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Compression software"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Data_compression_software" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">Data compression</a> software</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_file_archivers" title="Comparison of file archivers">Archivers</a> with<br /> compression<br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_file_archivers" title="Comparison of file archivers">comparison</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7-Zip" title="7-Zip">7-Zip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ark_(software)" title="Ark (software)">Ark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiku_Applications#Expander" class="mw-redirect" title="Haiku Applications">Expander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeArc" title="FreeArc">FreeArc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNOME_Archive_Manager" class="mw-redirect" title="GNOME Archive Manager">GNOME Archive Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Info-ZIP" title="Info-ZIP">Info-ZIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KGB_Archiver" title="KGB Archiver">KGB Archiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAQ" title="PAQ">PAQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_(command)" title="Pax (command)">pax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PeaZip" title="PeaZip">PeaZip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XAD_(software)" title="XAD (software)">XAD</a> (decompression only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xarchiver" title="Xarchiver">Xarchiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zipeg" title="Zipeg">Zipeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZPAQ" title="ZPAQ">ZPAQ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">Freeware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filzip" title="Filzip">Filzip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LHA_(file_format)" title="LHA (file format)">LHA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lhasa_(computing)" title="Lhasa (computing)">Lhasa</a> (decompression only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/StuffIt_Expander" title="StuffIt Expander">StuffIt Expander</a> (decompression only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Unarchiver" title="The Unarchiver">The Unarchiver</a> (decompression only)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TUGZip" title="TUGZip">TUGZip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZipGenius" title="ZipGenius">ZipGenius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Commercial_software" title="Commercial software">Commercial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARC_(file_format)" title="ARC (file format)">ARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALZip" title="ALZip">ALZip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archive_Utility" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive Utility">Archive Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARJ" title="ARJ">ARJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BetterZip" title="BetterZip">BetterZip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacBinary" title="MacBinary">MacBinary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PKZIP" title="PKZIP">PKZIP/SecureZIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerArchiver" title="PowerArchiver">PowerArchiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StuffIt" title="StuffIt">StuffIt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinAce" title="WinAce">WinAce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinRAR" title="WinRAR">WinRAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinZip" title="WinZip">WinZip</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-archiving<br />compressors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Generic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bzip2" title="Bzip2">bzip2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compress_(software)" title="Compress (software)">compress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gzip" title="Gzip">gzip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lzip" title="Lzip">lzip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lzop" title="Lzop">lzop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pack_(software)" title="Pack (software)">pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rzip" title="Rzip">rzip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snappy_(compression)" title="Snappy (compression)">Snappy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XZ_Utils" title="XZ Utils">XZ Utils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zstd" title="Zstd">zstd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Executable_compression" title="Executable compression">For code</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/UPX" title="UPX">UPX</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Data_compression#Audio" title="Data compression">Audio<br /> compression</a><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_audio_coding_formats" title="Comparison of audio coding formats">comparison</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;padding-top:5px; padding-bottom:5px"><a href="/wiki/Lossy_compression" title="Lossy compression">Lossy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fraunhofer_FDK_AAC" title="Fraunhofer FDK AAC">Fraunhofer FDK AAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nero_AAC_Codec" title="Nero AAC Codec">Nero AAC Codec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAAC" title="FAAC">FAAC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helix_(multimedia_project)" title="Helix (multimedia project)">Helix DNA Producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">MP3</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L3enc" title="L3enc">l3enc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAME" title="LAME">LAME</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TooLAME" title="TooLAME">TooLAME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libavcodec" title="Libavcodec">libavcodec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CELT" title="CELT">libcelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opus_(audio_format)" title="Opus (audio format)">libopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speex" title="Speex">libspeex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musepack" title="Musepack">Musepack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vorbis" title="Vorbis">libvorbis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Encoder" title="Windows Media Encoder">Windows Media Encoder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em;padding-top:5px; padding-bottom:5px"><a href="/wiki/Lossless_compression" title="Lossless compression">Lossless</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Lossless_Audio_Codec" title="Apple Lossless Audio Codec">ALAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FLAC" title="FLAC">FLAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libavcodec" title="Libavcodec">libavcodec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey%27s_Audio" title="Monkey's Audio">Monkey's Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Lossless_Coding" title="Audio Lossless Coding">mp4als</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OptimFROG" title="OptimFROG">OptimFROG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorten_(codec)" title="Shorten (codec)">Shorten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WavPack" title="WavPack">WavPack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L2HC" title="L2HC">L2HC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Data_compression#Video" title="Data compression">Video<br /> compression</a><br /> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_video_codecs" title="Comparison of video codecs">comparison</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Lossy_compression" title="Lossy compression">Lossy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2" title="MPEG-4 Part 2">MPEG-4 ASP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3ivx" title="3ivx">3ivx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DivX" title="DivX">DivX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nero_Digital" title="Nero Digital">Nero Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FFmpeg" title="FFmpeg">FFmpeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDX4" title="HDX4">HDX4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xvid" title="Xvid">Xvid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">H.264</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CoreAVC" title="CoreAVC">CoreAVC</a></li> <li>Blu-code</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DivX" title="DivX">DivX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FFmpeg" title="FFmpeg">FFmpeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nero_Digital" title="Nero Digital">Nero Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenH264" title="OpenH264">OpenH264</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X264" title="X264">x264</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DivX" title="DivX">DivX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X265" title="X265">x265</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CineForm" title="CineForm">CineForm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinepak" title="Cinepak">Cinepak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daala" title="Daala">Daala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avid_DNxHD" title="Avid DNxHD">DNxHD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helix_(multimedia_project)" title="Helix (multimedia project)">Helix DNA Producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indeo" title="Indeo">Indeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libavcodec" title="Libavcodec">libavcodec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirac_(video_compression_format)" title="Dirac (video compression format)">Schrödinger (Dirac)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Bitrate_Control" title="Smart Bitrate Control">SBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorenson_codec" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorenson codec">Sorenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP7" class="mw-redirect" title="VP7">VP7</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">libtheora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libvpx" title="Libvpx">libvpx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Encoder" title="Windows Media Encoder">Windows Media Encoder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Lossless_compression" title="Lossless compression">Lossless</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FFV1" title="FFV1">FFV1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huffyuv" title="Huffyuv">Huffyuv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagarith" title="Lagarith">Lagarith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSU_Lossless_Video_Codec" title="MSU Lossless Video Codec">MSU Lossless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YULS" title="YULS">YULS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>See also: <a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_methods" title="Template:Compression methods">compression methods</a> and <a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_formats" title="Template:Compression formats">compression formats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Media_player_software" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Media_player_software" title="Template:Media player software"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Media_player_software" title="Template talk:Media player software"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Media_player_software" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Media player software"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Media_player_software" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Media_player_software" title="Media player software">Media player software</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Free_software" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">Free software</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Media_Player_Classic" title="Media Player Classic">Media Player Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MediaPortal" title="MediaPortal">MediaPortal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpxplay" title="Mpxplay">Mpxplay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cmus" title="Cmus">cmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JuK" title="JuK">JuK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaffeine" title="Kaffeine">Kaffeine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_on_Console" title="Music on Console">Music on Console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elementary_OS" title="Elementary OS">Noise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xfce#Parole" title="Xfce">Parole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythmbox" title="Rhythmbox">Rhythmbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNOME_Videos" title="GNOME Videos">GNOME Videos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xine" title="Xine">Xine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">inactive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muine" title="Muine">Muine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogle_DVD_Player" title="Ogle DVD Player">Ogle DVD Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XMMS" title="XMMS">XMMS</a></li> <li>XMMS2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guayadeque_Music_Player" title="Guayadeque Music Player">Guayadeque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baudline" title="Baudline">Baudline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helix_(multimedia_project)" title="Helix (multimedia project)">Helix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_software" title="Cross-platform software">Cross-platform</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amarok_(software)" title="Amarok (software)">Amarok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audacious_(software)" title="Audacious (software)">Audacious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeaDBeeF" title="DeaDBeeF">DeaDBeeF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exaile" title="Exaile">Exaile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FFmpeg" title="FFmpeg">ffplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodi_(software)" title="Kodi (software)">Kodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpg123" title="Mpg123">Mpg123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPlayer" title="MPlayer">MPlayer</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mpv_(media_player)" title="Mpv (media player)">mpv</a> (<a href="/wiki/IINA" title="IINA">IINA</a>, <a href="/wiki/SMPlayer" title="SMPlayer">SMPlayer</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Player_Daemon" title="Music Player Daemon">Music Player Daemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MusikCube" title="MusikCube">MusikCube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qmmp" title="Qmmp">qmmp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quod_Libet_(software)" title="Quod Libet (software)">Quod Libet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VLC_media_player" title="VLC media player">VLC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">inactive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banshee_(media_player)" title="Banshee (media player)">Banshee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miro_(video_software)" title="Miro (video software)">Miro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songbird_(software)" title="Songbird (software)">Songbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinf" title="Zinf">Zinf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_(software)" title="Clementine (software)">Clementine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Freeware" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">Freeware</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AIMP" title="AIMP">AIMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dell_MediaDirect" title="Dell MediaDirect">Dell MediaDirect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOM_Player" title="GOM Player">GOM Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groove_Music" title="Groove Music">Groove Music</a> (discontinued)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/JetAudio" title="JetAudio">jetAudio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KMPlayer" title="KMPlayer">KMPlayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MediaMonkey" title="MediaMonkey">MediaMonkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Go" title="Media Go">Media Go</a> (discontinued)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Movies_%26_TV" title="Microsoft Movies & TV">Microsoft Movies & TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Photos" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Photos">Microsoft Photos</a></li> <li>Mod4Win</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MusicBee" title="MusicBee">MusicBee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MusikCube" title="MusikCube">MusikCube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InterActual_Player" title="InterActual Player">InterActual Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PotPlayer" title="PotPlayer">PotPlayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime</a> (discontinued)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winamp" title="Winamp">Winamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Player_(2022)" title="Windows Media Player (2022)">Windows Media Player (2022)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_software" title="Cross-platform software">Cross-platform</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DivX#DivX_software" title="DivX">DivX Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foobar2000" title="Foobar2000">foobar2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plex_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plex (company)">Plex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealPlayer" title="RealPlayer">RealPlayer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Commercial_(proprietary)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Commercial_software" title="Commercial software">Commercial</a> (<a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Windows" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD_Player_(Windows)" title="CD Player (Windows)">CD Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connect_Player" class="mw-redirect" title="Connect Player">Connect Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD_Player_(Windows)" title="DVD Player (Windows)">DVD Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JRiver_Media_Center" title="JRiver Media Center">JRiver Media Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerDVD" title="PowerDVD">PowerDVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ArcSoft" title="ArcSoft">ArcSoft</a> TotalMedia Theatre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinDVD" title="WinDVD">WinDVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Player" title="Windows Media Player">Windows Media Player Legacy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DVD_Player_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD Player (macOS)">DVD Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peel_(software)" title="Peel (software)">Peel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mobile_device" title="Mobile device">Mobile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Core_Pocket_Media_Player" title="The Core Pocket Media Player">Core Pocket Media Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DoubleTwist" title="DoubleTwist">doubleTwist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_(Xperia)" title="Music (Xperia)">Music (Xperia)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musicolet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musicolet (page does not exist)">Musicolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealPlayer" title="RealPlayer">RealPlayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winamp#Winamp_for_Android" title="Winamp">Winamp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Lists" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_video_player_software" title="Comparison of video player software">Video players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_audio_player_software" title="Comparison of audio player software">Audio players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_free_software_for_audio#Players" title="Comparison of free software for audio">Free software audio players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_portable_media_players" title="Comparison of portable media players">Portable media players</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_DVR_software_packages" title="Comparison of DVR software packages">Personal video recorders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Xiph.Org_Foundation" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Xiph.org" title="Template:Xiph.org"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Xiph.org" title="Template talk:Xiph.org"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Xiph.org" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Xiph.org"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Xiph.Org_Foundation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Xiph.Org_Foundation" title="Xiph.Org Foundation">Xiph.Org Foundation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ogg" title="Ogg">Ogg Project</a> codecs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vorbis" title="Vorbis">Vorbis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daala" title="Daala">Daala</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Theora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FLAC" title="FLAC">FLAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opus_(audio_format)" title="Opus (audio format)">Opus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CELT" title="CELT">CELT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speex" title="Speex">Speex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OggPCM" class="mw-redirect" title="OggPCM">OggPCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogg#Ogg_codecs" title="Ogg">Ogg Writ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XML_Shareable_Playlist_Format" title="XML Shareable Playlist Format">XSPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annodex" title="Annodex">Annodex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cdparanoia" title="Cdparanoia">cdparanoia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icecast" title="Icecast">Icecast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tremor_(software)" title="Tremor (software)">Tremor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Montgomery" title="Chris Montgomery">Chris Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuous_Media_Markup_Language" title="Continuous Media Markup Language">CMML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogg_page" class="mw-redirect" title="Ogg page">Ogg page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogg_Squish" title="Ogg Squish">Ogg Squish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_Ogg_formats_in_HTML5" title="Use of Ogg formats in HTML5">Use of Ogg formats in HTML5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vorbis_comment" title="Vorbis 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