CINXE.COM
3 MBA Double Majors That Boost Your Value | Investopedia
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" version="XHTML+RDFa 1.0" dir="ltr"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp","20160710223244","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1468189964"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/public"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/public"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="www.investopedia.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="www.investopedia.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="v1.investopedia.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="v1.investopedia.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="ajax.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="ajax.googleapis.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="idsync.rlcdn.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="cdn.feedbackify.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="ic.tynt.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="rc.rlcdn.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="z.moatads.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="ak.sail-horizon.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="pagead2.googlesyndication.com"> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> var sem_pageview = false; var sem_ocode = '9999'; var sem_ldid = ''; var sem_sh = ''; function updateSemVariable(query) { if (query[1] === undefined) { return; } switch(query[0]) { case 'o': sem_ocode = query[1]; break; case 'ldid': sem_ldid = query[1]; break; case 'sh': sem_sh = query[1]; break; } } function getCookie(cname) { var name = cname + "="; var ca = document.cookie.split(';'); for (var i = 0; i < ca.length; i++) { var c = ca[i]; while (c.charAt(0) == ' ') c = c.substring(1); if (c.indexOf(name) == 0) return c.substring(name.length,c.length); } return ""; } function getSemCookie() { var queryStr = getCookie('semuser'); if (queryStr == "") { return; } sem_pageview = true; var queries = queryStr.split("&"); for (var i = 0, l = queries.length; i < l; i++) { var query = queries[i].split('='); updateSemVariable(query); } } getSemCookie(); var updateAup = function(aUp) { aUp = aUp.replace("INV-NA", "invsem-serp-ds"); var utms = null; if (typeof getUrlParam === "function") { try { utms = getUrlParam("utm_source"); } catch (e) {} } var aUp_arr = aUp.split("/"); var last = aUp_arr.pop(); aUp_arr.push((utms !== null ? utms : "dir") + "_" + (typeof sem_ocode !== "undefined" ? sem_ocode : 0)); if (aUp_arr.length > 3) { aUp_arr[3] = last; } return aUp_arr.join("/"); }; if (typeof googletag !== "undefined") { googletag.cmd.push( function() { if ((typeof sem_pageview !== 'undefined') && (sem_pageview == true)) { var processArgs = function(arguments) { if (typeof arguments === "object") { for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) { if (arguments[i].indexOf("8397") > -1) { arguments[i] = updateAup(arguments[i]); break; } } } return arguments; }; googletag.defineSlot = (function() { var orig_func = googletag.defineSlot; return function() { return orig_func.apply(this, processArgs(arguments)); }; })(); googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot = (function() { var orig_func = googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot; return function() { return orig_func.apply(this, processArgs(arguments)); }; })(); } }); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var dataLayer = []; if (typeof _pageTaxonomy !== "undefined") { dataLayer.push(_pageTaxonomy); } </script><script type="text/javascript"> var pageviewIDEntity = ""; function S4() { return (((1+Math.random())*0x10000)|0).toString(16).substring(1); } var pageviewID = new Date().getTime() + "-" + S4() + S4() + pageviewIDEntity; dataLayer.push({'pageviewID' : pageviewID}); </script><script type="text/javascript"> window.adblock = false; function hasAdBlocker() { window.adblock = true; } function isAdBlocked () { return window.adblock; } </script> <script async src="//web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js" onerror="hasAdBlocker();"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* observer */!function(){window.adonis=window.adonis||{},window.adonis.scriptStatuses={};var t=function(){var t,n="NEW_SCRIPT_EVENT";window.CustomEvent?t=new CustomEvent(n,{detail:{}}):(t=document.createEvent("CustomEvent"),t.initCustomEvent(n,!0,!0,{})),window.dispatchEvent(t)};document.addEventListener("load",function(n){n.target&&"SCRIPT"===n.target.nodeName&&(window.adonis.scriptStatuses[n.target.src]="load",t())},!0),document.addEventListener("error",function(n){n.target&&"SCRIPT"===n.target.nodeName&&(window.adonis.scriptStatuses[n.target.src]="error",t())},!0)}(); </script> <title>3 MBA Double Majors That Boost Your Value | Investopedia</title> <meta name="application-name" content="Investopedia"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=9"/> <!-- Nativo --> <meta property="fb:pages" content="105109162854142, 925483520864421"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="371867692868423"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/> <!-- Meta tags --> <meta name="description" content="Find out how to fast track with a double major, and give you career the edge it needs. "/> <meta name="robots" content="index,follow"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/> <meta property="og:title" content="3 MBA Double Majors That Boost Your Value | Investopedia"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Find out how to fast track with a double major, and give you career the edge it needs. "/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Investopedia"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/professionals/83286941(1).jpg"/> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2009-04-27T11:00:00-06:00"/> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2009-04-27T11:00:00-06:00"/> <meta property="article:tag" content="post-secondary education"/> <meta name="author" content="Reyna Gobel"/> <meta property="fb:admins" content="100003532063336"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@Investopedia"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="3 MBA Double Majors That Boost Your Value"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Find out how to fast track with a double major, and give you career the edge it needs. "/> <meta name="twitter:image:src" content="http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/professionals/83286941(1).jpg"/> <meta name="sailthru.tags" content="post-secondary-education"/> <meta name="sailthru.date" content="2016-07-09 20:00:01"/> <meta name="sailthru.image.full" content="http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/professionals/83286941(1).jpg?quality=80&width=680&height=680"/> <meta name="sailthru.image.thumb" content="http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/professionals/83286941(1).jpg?quality=60&width=200&height=200"/> <meta name="sailthru.title" content="3 MBA Double Majors That Boost Your Value"/> <!-- End Meta tags --> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/img/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/img/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244cs_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/css/tablet.css?v=5.392"/> <!-- Bof Taxonomy --> <!-- Page Taxonomy --> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_taxonomy"> //<![CDATA[ var _pageTaxonomy = {"Hashkey":null,"Path":"/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp","Channel":"Investing","SubChannel":"Investing Strategy","Advertising":"Investing","SubAdvertising":"Investing","DfpTarget":"Professional/Professional","Tags":["Post-Secondary Education"],"Taggroup":["SEG (Education Seekers)"],"Type":"Article","Lucrativeness":null,"Timelessness":"Timeless","Feature":null,"Design":null,"InterestLevel":null,"Index":"True","NoIndexParams":"False","Follow":"True","Master":"False","ServerName":"tax003"}; //]]> </script> <!-- End Page Taxonomy --> <!-- Eof Taxonomy --> <script type="text/javascript"> var idc_slots = {}; idc_slots.slots = ["AdSlot_PG-Background","AdSlot_AF-Top-Leaderboard","AdSlot_PG-Web-Bar","AdSlot_AF-Top-Textlink1","AdSlot_IC-Rectangle","AdSlot_IC-BelowContent","AdSlot_AF-Right-Multi","AdSlot_BF-Right-Multi","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button1","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button2","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button3","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button4","AdSlot_AF-Right-Textlink1","AdSlot_AF-Right-Textlink2","AdSlot_AF-Right-Textlink3","AdSlot_BF-Footer-Leaderboard"]; var hash = window.location.hash; if (typeof hash.startsWith === "function") { if (hash.startsWith("#ec") || hash.startsWith("#ra")) { idc_slots.includes = []; } } idc_slots.build = function(slot) { return "/8397/INV-NA/Professional/Professional/position/Article".replace("position", slot.position); }; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var idc_device = {"desktop":true,"tablet":false,"phone":false}; </script> <!--js start--> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.2/jquery.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/main.min.js?v=5.392"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/http://i.investopedia.com/dest/js/inv.min.js?v=5.392"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var invadv = {}; invadv.tags_parent = 0; invadv.question_tags = 0; invadv.expertise_tags = 0; invadv.total_answers = 0; invadv.is_advisor_logged_in = 0; invadv.percent_helpful = 0; invadv.job_title = 0; invadv.fee_structures = 0; invadv.aum = 0; dataLayer.push({'invadv' : invadv}); </script> <script> var initLayer = _pageTaxonomy; initLayer['country'] = invGCookie.geoCountry(); initLayer['state'] = invGCookie.geoStateProvince(); initLayer['asset_version'] = '5.392'; initLayer['device'] = 'desktop'; dataLayer.push(initLayer); </script> <script data-id="script_optimizely" src="//web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/http://cdn.optimizely.com/js/3135740712.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/streamsense.min.js?v=5.392"></script> <!-- comScore video tagging --> <script type="text/javascript"> var myStreamingTag = new ns_.StreamingTag( { customerC2: '18280457' } ); var metadata = { ns_st_ci: "0", // Content Asset ID c3: "www.investopedia.com", // Dictionary Classification Value c4: "*null", // Unused Dictionary Classification Value c6: "*null" // Unused Dictionary Classification Value }; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* Sequential Messaging Allowance * sequentialMessaging=A will show the same ad over and over during 24 hours * sequentialMessaging=B will show different ads in order of B1, B2, B3 .... */ var sequentialMessaging = getCookie('sequentialMessaging') || null; if(sequentialMessaging) { if ( sequentialMessaging.indexOf('B') > -1 ) { if ( sequentialMessaging == 'B' ) { setCookie('sequentialMessaging', 'B1'); }else { var seqPageNum = parseInt(sequentialMessaging.replace("B", "")); seqPageNum++; setCookie('sequentialMessaging', 'B' + seqPageNum ); } } } var AFTopLeaderboard = null; var AFRightMulti = null; var AF_Right_Multi_Mapping; </script> <!-- DFP head --> <script> var hasFlash = (function() { try { if (typeof navigator.plugins != "undefined" && typeof navigator.plugins["Shockwave Flash"] == "object") { return true; } else if (typeof window.ActiveXObject != "undefined") { new ActiveXObject("ShockwaveFlash.ShockwaveFlash"); return true; } } catch (e) { } return false; })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var noDfp = false; var ecLayout = false; /* remove ads for email capture layout, here the bc-textnote won't be removed */ if (window.location.hash.substring(0, 3) === "#ec") { noDfp = true; ecLayout = true; /* set welcome_ad is viewed */ var invWelcomeAd_CookieExpiry = 3600000 * 24; var invCookieExpires = new Date(); var host = window.location.host.toLowerCase().replace('www.',''); invCookieExpires.setTime(invCookieExpires.getTime() + invWelcomeAd_CookieExpiry); setCookie('AdViewed', '1', { expires: invCookieExpires, path: '/', domain: host }); } if (window.location.hash === "#ra") { noDfp = true; ecLayout = false; } </script> <script data-id="script_dfp" type="text/javascript"> function GetRequest() { var url = location.search; //get query string var theRequest = new Object(); if (url.indexOf("?") != -1) { var str = url.substr(1); var strs = str.split("&"); for(var i = 0; i < strs.length; i ++) { theRequest[strs[i].split("=")[0]]=unescape(strs[i].split("=")[1]); } } return theRequest; } /** * set utm_source , utm_medium , utm_campaign , utm_content , utm_term value. */ var requestObject = GetRequest(); var utm_source = typeof requestObject['utm_source'] == 'undefined' ? '' : requestObject['utm_source'], utm_medium = typeof requestObject['utm_medium'] == 'undefined' ? '' : requestObject['utm_medium'], utm_campaign = typeof requestObject['utm_campaign'] == 'undefined' ? '' : requestObject['utm_campaign'], utm_content = typeof requestObject['utm_content'] == 'undefined' ? '' : requestObject['utm_content'], utm_term = typeof requestObject['utm_term'] == 'undefined' ? '' : requestObject['utm_term']; function getDfpReferrerHost() { var ref = document.referrer; if ((ref == null) || (ref.length == 0)) return 'Direct'; ref = ref.toLowerCase(); if (ref.indexOf('http://') == 0) ref = ref.substring(7); if (ref.indexOf('https://') == 0) ref = ref.substring(8); if (ref.indexOf('/') >= 0) ref = ref.substring(0, ref.indexOf('/')); return ref; } function getDfpReferrerSearch() { var refHost = getDfpReferrerHost(); if (refHost.indexOf('.google.') >= 0) return 'True'; if (refHost.indexOf('.bing.') >= 0) return 'True'; if (refHost.indexOf('.yahoo.') >= 0) return 'True'; if (refHost.indexOf('.ask.') >= 0) return 'True'; if (refHost.indexOf('.aol.') >= 0) return 'True'; return 'False'; } function trackUniqid(){ var uid = new Date().getTime().toString(16); return uid + Math.random().toString().slice(-8) + Math.random().toString().slice(-8) + Math.floor((1 + Math.random()) * Math.pow(16, (16 - uid.length))).toString(16).slice(1); } var biPageViewID = trackUniqid(); var trafficSourceParam = getUrlParam('source') || getCookie('d_src'); // bugzilla #351848 - Custom Target for DFP : Browser Height Detection function getScreenHeight() { if(isNaN($(window).height())){ return 0; } else { var _screen = $(window).height(); if (_screen < 250) { _screen = 200; } if (_screen >= 1950) { _screen = 2000; } _screen = Math.round(_screen/100)*100; return _screen; } } var h = getScreenHeight(); var dfp_spv = parseInt(getCookie('dfp_spv') || 0) + 1; setCookie('dfp_spv', dfp_spv); simpUrl = "&t="; targetingList = { 'Tags': ['Post-Secondary Education'], 'd_pv': biPageViewID, 'requestSource': "GPT", 'infiniteScroll': 'false', 'BrowserHeight': String(h), 'Type': 'Article', 'URL': '/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp', 'Environment': 'Live', 'ReferrerHost': getDfpReferrerHost(), 'ReferrerSearch': getDfpReferrerSearch(), 'hasFlash': hasFlash ? 'True' : 'False', //Level1Adunit to Level3Adunit start 'Level1Adunit': 'INV-NA', 'Level2Adunit': 'Professional', 'Level3Adunit': 'Professional', 'spv': dfp_spv.toString(), 'rpv':(Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1).toString(), 'page_url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp?d_pv=' + biPageViewID, //output audience segments Bugzilla# 351853 'GUID' : typeof pageviewID !== "undefined" ? pageviewID : '0' } if(getUrlParam('adtest')) { targetingList.adtest = getUrlParam('adtest').toString(); } //UTM Start if ((trafficSourceParam != null) && (trafficSourceParam != '')) { targetingList.d_src = trafficSourceParam; } if (utm_source) { targetingList.utm_source = utm_source; } if (utm_medium) { targetingList.utm_medium = utm_medium; } if (utm_campaign) { targetingList.utm_campaign = utm_campaign; } if (utm_content) { targetingList.utm_content = utm_content; } if (utm_term) { targetingList.utm_term = utm_term; } //UTM End if ((typeof sem_pageview !== 'undefined') && (sem_pageview == true) && (typeof sem_ocode !== 'undefined')) { targetingList.ocode = sem_ocode; } for(targets in targetingList) { if (typeof isVideoOnPage != "undefined" && isVideoOnPage) { simpUrl += encodeURIComponent(encodeURIComponent(targets)) + encodeURIComponent("=") + encodeURIComponent(encodeURIComponent(targetingList[targets])) + encodeURIComponent("&"); } } simpUrl = "&t=" + encodeURIComponent(simpUrl); idc_targeting = targetingList || {}; var timeToSlotRenderEnded = Date.now(), slotRenderCount = 0; googletag.cmd.push( function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { try { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId().indexOf("BC-Textnote") > -1) return; // WARNING: This will be updated in the future but is used track render times for the idc library. slotRenderCount++; if (typeof idc_slots !== "undefined") { if (slotRenderCount == Object.keys(idc_slots.slots).length) { dataLayer.push({ 'event': 'event-all-slots-render-ended', 'eventLabel' : "true|"+slotRenderCount, 'eventValue': Date.now() - timeToSlotRenderEnded }); } } } catch (e) {} }); }); </script> <!-- End DFP head --> <!--js end--> <!-- Nativo --> <script type="text/javascript"> if(invGCookie.geoCountry() !== "IN") { var nativoScript = document.createElement('script'); nativoScript.type = 'text/javascript'; nativoScript.src = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://a.postrelease.com/serve/load.js?async=true'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(nativoScript, s); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var _sf_async_config = _sf_async_config || {}; _sf_async_config.uid = 56959; _sf_async_config.domain = "www.investopedia.com"; _sf_async_config.useCanonical = true; _sf_async_config.flickerControl=false; var _sf_startpt = (new Date()).getTime(); </script> <script async src="//web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat_mab.js"></script> </head> <!--shift_source: web008--> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in no-sidebars page-node page-node- page-node-2937 node-type-invcontent" id="InvestingChannel"> <script type="text/javascript"> /* wrapper */!function e(t,n,r){function o(a,c){if(!n[a]){if(!t[a]){var d="function"==typeof require&&require;if(!c&&d)return d(a,!0);if(i)return i(a,!0);var s=new Error("Cannot find module '"+a+"'");throw s.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",s}var u=n[a]={exports:{}};t[a][0].call(u.exports,function(e){var n=t[a][1][e];return o(n?n:e)},u,u.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[a].exports}for(var i="function"==typeof require&&require,a=0;a<r.length;a++)o(r[a]);return o}({1:[function(e,t,n){!function(){function t(){o&&console.log.apply(console,arguments)}var n=e(4),r=window.RTCPeerConnection||window.mozRTCPeerConnection||window.webkitRTCPeerConnection;if(!r||window.adonisGlobal&&"full"!==window.adonisGlobal.detectionLevel)return void n.reportEvent("bootstrap.ifw.rtc.absent");n.reportEvent("bootstrap.ifw.rtc.exists");var o="#adonis-logging"===window.location.hash,i=function(e){var t=function(){e===!0&&console.log.apply(console,arguments)},n=["script","img"];document.addEventListener("load",function(e){t("withinIframe load event",e.target),!e.target||"SCRIPT"!==e.target.nodeName&&"IMG"!==e.target.nodeName||(e.target._loadState="load")},!0),document.addEventListener("error",function(e){t("withinIframe error event",e.target),!e.target||"SCRIPT"!==e.target.nodeName&&"IMG"!==e.target.nodeName||(e.target._loadState="error")},!0),window.addEventListener("message",function(e){if(void 0!==e.data.iframeId){t("message received "+e.data.iframeId);var r=e.data,o=function(e){"loading"!==document.readyState?e():document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e)},i=function(e){var r={originIframeId:e.iframeId,readyState:document.readyState,requestData:[],cssData:[]},o=e.srcSubstrings;if(void 0!==o)for(var a=document.querySelectorAll(n.join(",")),c=0;c<a.length;c++){var d=a[c];if(d.src){var s=o.some(function(e){return-1!==d.src.indexOf(e)});if(s){if(void 0===d._loadState)return t("Wait for event from "+d.src),d.addEventListener("load",function(){i(e)}),void d.addEventListener("error",function(){i(e)});r.requestData.push({type:d.nodeName,src:d.src,state:d._loadState})}}}var u=e.displayTypes,f=e.cssAttributes;void 0!==u&&void 0!==f&&(a=document.querySelectorAll(u.join(",")),Array.prototype.forEach.call(a,function(e){var t=window.getComputedStyle(e),n={};f.forEach(function(e){n[e]=t.getPropertyValue(e)}),r.cssData.push({type:e.nodeName,id:e.id,"class":e.getAttribute("class"),cssAttributes:n})})),t("send response "+e.iframeId),parent.postMessage(r,"*")};o(function(){i(r)})}})},a=['<script type="text/javascript">(',i.toString(),")(",o.toString(),")<","/script>"].join(""),c=function(e,t,n,r){var o=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(e.prototype,t);Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,t,{get:function(){return n(o.get,this,arguments)},set:function(){return r(o.set,this,arguments)},enumerable:!0})},d=function(e,t,n){return e.apply(t,n)},s=function(e,n,r){try{var o=r[0];if(-1!==o.indexOf("html")){var i=o.split(";"),c=i[1],d=parseInt(c)+a.length;i[1]=d.toString(),o=i.join(";"),o=o.replace("<head>","<head>"+a),r[0]=o}}catch(s){t(s)}return e.apply(n,r)};c(HTMLIFrameElement,"name",d,s);var u=function(e){var t=!1;if(e.src)if(0===e.src.indexOf("javascript:"))t=!0;else{var n=document.createElement("a");n.href=e.src;var r=n.host;r===window.location.host&&(t=!0)}return t},f=function(e,n,r){var o=e.apply(n,r);try{if(u(n)&&void 0===o._writeDecorated){o._writeDecorated=!0;var i=o.write;o.write=function(e){try{-1!==e.indexOf("<head>")?e=e.replace("<head>","<head>"+a):-1!==e.indexOf("<script")&&(e=e.replace(/(<script.*?>)/,a+"$1"))}catch(n){t(n)}return i.call(this,e)}}}catch(c){t(c)}return o},p=function(e,t,n){return e.apply(t,n)};c(HTMLIFrameElement,"contentDocument",f,p);var l=function(e,n,r){var o=e.apply(n,r);try{if(u(n)&&void 0===o.document._writeDecorated){o.document._writeDecorated=!0;var i=o.document.write;o.document.write=function(e){try{-1!==e.indexOf("<head>")?e=e.replace("<head>","<head>"+a):-1!==e.indexOf("<script")&&(e=e.replace(/(<script.*?>)/,a+"$1"))}catch(n){t(n)}return i.call(this,e)}}}catch(c){t(c)}return o},v=function(e,t,n){return e.apply(t,n)};c(HTMLIFrameElement,"contentWindow",l,v)}()},{4:4}],2:[function(e,t,n){var r=e(3);t.exports=r},{3:3}],3:[function(e,t,n){t.exports={REAL_STUN_HOST:"stun.xpanama.net:3478",TURNSIGNAL_HOST:"ts.p.xpanama.net:7000",STUNGUN_HOST:"sg.p.xpanama.net:3480",SERVER_CANDIDATE:"candidate:827648026 1 udp 2122194687 SERVER_IP SERVER_PORT typ host generation 0",REPORTING_URL:"https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/https://lb.statsevent.com/stats",REPORTING_RATE:.01,LOG_LEVEL:"error",REPORT_ERRORS:!0,MANIFEST_URL:"https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/https://sri.jsintegrity.com/manifest.json",MANIFEST_EXPIRATION_TIME:86400,AD_MARKER:"adonis-marker"}},{}],4:[function(e,t,n){function r(e){var t=new XMLHttpRequest,n=[s.REPORTING_URL,e].join("");t.open("GET",n,!0),t.send()}function o(e){r("/adonis_error?e="+e.toString())}function i(){return null!=window.ADONIS_BOOTSTRAP_STATS?window.ADONIS_BOOTSTRAP_STATS===!0:Math.random()<s.REPORTING_RATE}function a(e,t){if(c(e),i()){var n={website:window.location.hostname,key:e};null!=t&&(n.quantity=t),r(["/adonis_event/?event=",JSON.stringify(n)].join(""))}}function c(e){if(window.performance){var t={key:e,time_ms:Math.round(window.performance.now()),website:window.location.hostname};f.push(t)}}function d(){u.defineReadOnlyProperty("adonisBootstrapTiming",f)}var s=e(2),u=e(5),f=[];t.exports={reportError:o,reportEvent:a,saveTiming:d,shouldReport:i}},{2:2,5:5}],5:[function(e,t,n){function r(e,t){Object.defineProperty(window,e,{value:t,writable:!1})}function o(e,t){return!t||Number(t)<=e}function i(e){var t=(new Date).getTime()/1e3;return o(t,e)}var a=function(){var e=window.navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(),t=/(chrome)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(e)||/(firefox)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(e);if(null!==t){var n=t[1],r=t[2],o=parseInt(r.split(".")[0]);if("chrome"===n&&o>=41||"firefox"===n&&o>=37)return!0}return!1},c=function(e){"loading"!==document.readyState?e():document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e)};t.exports={isSupportedBrowser:a,defineReadOnlyProperty:r,ready:c,isExpired:o,isExpiredNow:i}},{}]},{},[1]); </script> <!-- Current time is: 07/10/2016 04:23:24 pm --> <div class="page-wrapper"> <!-- Activity name for this tag: INV --> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_dfp_tracking"> var axel = Math.random()+""; var a = axel * 10000000000000; var img = document.createElement("img"); img.src = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/activity;xsp=197334;ord='+ a +'?'; img.width = 1; img.height = 1; var body = document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0]; body.appendChild(img); </script> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/activity;xsp=197334;ord=1" width="1" height="1" border="0/"></noscript> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <noscript><iframe src="//web.archive.org/web/20160710223244if_/http://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5V3WHJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script data-id="script_gtm_load">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5V3WHJ');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <style> .page-width { max-width:1170px; margin:0 auto; padding:0 20px; } .header a:hover { text-decoration: none !important; } .header.meganav { position:fixed; letter-spacing:0.05em; -webkit-text-stroke:0; z-index:105; top:0; width:100%; } body { margin-top:54px; } .header.meganav .brand { width:220px; height:50px; background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/img/logo_white_new.png) center center no-repeat; background-size:contain; display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:-2px 30px 0 0; } .header.meganav .menus { width:calc(100% - 250px); display:inline-block; } .header.meganav .primary { width:50%; display:inline-block; border:none; margin:0; text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; } .header.meganav .secondary { width:50%; display:inline-block; text-align:right; } .header.meganav .menu { display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; position:static; } .header.meganav .menu.nav { box-shadow:none; width:auto; height:auto; transform:none; transition:none; -webkit-transform:none; } .header.meganav .menu.open .menu-items { display:block !important; } .header.meganav .menu-icon { width:20px; height:9px; padding:22px 26px 22px 18px; margin:0; vertical-align:top; position:relative; background-size:auto 20px; background-position:15px center; background-repeat:no-repeat; display:none; cursor:pointer; } .menu.member .menu-icon { background-image:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_user.png); background-size:auto 22px; } .menu.search .menu-icon { background-image:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/fa/img/icon_search_white.png); } .menu.nav .menu-icon { background-image:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/fa/img/icon_menu.png); } .menu.newsletters .menu-icon { background-image:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_newsletter.png); } .header.meganav .menu-icon:before, .header.meganav .menu-icon:after, .header.meganav .menu-item-title:before, .header.meganav .menu-item-title:after { content:''; border-width:5px; border-style:solid; border-color:#ccc transparent transparent; z-index:1; position:absolute; top:24px; right:9px; } .header.meganav .menu-icon:after, .header.meganav .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu-item-link:after { z-index:2; margin-top:-2px; border-top-color:#333; } .header.meganav.tablet .menu-item-title:before, .header.meganav.tablet .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav.tablet .menu-icon:before, .header.meganav.tablet .menu-icon:after { display:none; } .header.meganav .menu-items { margin:0; padding:0; list-style:none; text-align:left; box-sizing:border-box; } .header.meganav .menu-items > li { display:inline-block; margin:0; padding:0; text-align:left; } .header.meganav .menu-item-title, .header.meganav .menu-item-link, .header.meganav .menu-item{ display:block; position:relative; background:none !important; } .header.meganav .menu-item-title { padding: 18px 26px 16px 9px; } .header.meganav .menu-item-link { padding: 18px 9px 16px 9px; } .header.meganav .menu-item{ padding:18px 15px 16px 15px; } .header.meganav.tablet .menu-item-title, .header.meganav.tablet .menu-item-link { padding:18px 15px 16px 15px; } .header.meganav .menu.search { width:calc(100% - 220px); } .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-items > li { display:block; } .header.meganav .search-box { position:relative; width:auto; display:block; background-color:transparent; max-width: none; } .header.meganav .search-box input { border:none; border-radius:2px; font-size:14px; padding:7px 40px 6px 15px; box-sizing:border-box; width:100%; height:30px; outline:none; } .header.meganav .search-box button { position:absolute; width:20px; height:20px; background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/fa/img/icon_search.png) center center no-repeat; background-size:contain; top:5px; right:10px; border:none; cursor:pointer; padding:0; } .header.meganav .menu.member { position:relative; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-icon { display:inline-block;/* Used for js to detect media queries. */ background-position:15px 17px; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: none; font-size: 14px; position: absolute; top: 100%; min-width: 180px; background-color:#444; right:0; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items > li { display:block; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items > li > a { white-space:nowrap; border-bottom:solid 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.2); } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items > li:last-child > a { border-bottom:none; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-item-title:before, .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-item-link:before, .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-item-link:after { display:none; } .header.meganav .menu.newsletters { margin-top:0; border:none; } .header.meganav .menu.newsletters .menu-icon { display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin-left:10px; width:auto; height:auto; background-position:103px center; padding:17px 44px 16px 13px; } .header.meganav .menu.newsletters .menu-icon:before, .header.meganav .menu.newsletters .menu-icon:after { display: none; } .header.meganav .menu-panel { position:absolute; top:100%; left:0; width:100%; display:none; z-index:100; text-align:left; margin-top:-1px; } .header.meganav .menu-panel > .inner { padding:30px; } .header.meganav .menu-panel.tools > .inner { padding:40px 30px 60px 30px; } .header.meganav .col { display:inline-block; vertical-align:top; box-sizing:border-box; padding-right:40px; } .header.meganav .col:last-child { padding-right:0; } .header.meganav .col .title { font-size:20px; margin-bottom:10px; display:block; text-transform:none; border:none; background:none !important; } .header.meganav .col a.title:after { content:''; background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_home.png) center right no-repeat; background-size:contain; display:inline-block; margin:0 0 0 10px; width:16px; height:16px; } .header.meganav .tod-title { font-size:12px; text-transform:uppercase; } .header.meganav .term-title { font-size:36px; line-height:36px; } .header.meganav .term-desc { margin-bottom:10px; } .header.meganav .term-btn { font-size:10px; padding:6px 10px 4px 10px; line-height:9px; border-radius:3px; display:inline-block; text-transform:uppercase; float:right; background-color:#555; } .header.meganav .tool-title { font-size:28px; } .header.meganav .tool-title:after { content:''; display:inline-block; width:28px; height:23px; margin-left:10px; } .header.meganav .tool-title.fxtrader:after { background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_fxtrader.png) center right no-repeat; } .header.meganav .tool-title.simulator:after { background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_simulator.png) center right no-repeat; } .header.meganav a.article { display:inline-block; vertical-align:top; width:45%; background:none !important; } .header.meganav .article:last-child { margin-left:8%; } .header.meganav .article img { width:100%; height:86px; display:block; } .header.meganav .article-title { font-size:13px; padding:10px 0; display:block; } .header.meganav .links { margin:10px 0 0 0; padding:0; } .header.meganav .links li { vertical-align:top; box-sizing:border-box; margin:0 0 8px 0; padding:0; display:block; } .header.meganav .links li a { border-bottom:solid 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.1) !important; display:block; padding-bottom:2px; transition:border-color 0.2s ease-out; background:none !important; text-align:left; } .header.meganav .links.topics { margin-right:-20px; } .header.meganav .links.topics li { display:inline-block; padding:4px 20px 4px 4px; width:24%; } .header.subchannels { z-index:104; -webkit-text-stroke:0; position:relative; } .header.subchannels ul { margin:0; padding:0; list-style:none; letter-spacing:normal; } .header.subchannels ul > li { display:inline-block; margin:0; padding:0; border-bottom:solid 2px transparent; } .header.subchannels ul > li > a { display:inline-block; padding:9px 8px 6px 8px; } .header.subchannels li > a { font-size:14px; } .header.subchannels li.separator { margin:0; background-color:transparent; } #Footer .icon-newsletter:after { content:''; width:20px; height:20px; background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_newsletter.png) center center no-repeat; background-size:contain; display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin-left:5px; } .header.meganav, #Footer .mid { background:#333; } #Footer .btm { background:#2b2b2b; } .header.subchannels { background-color:#e4e4e4; } .header .menu-panel, .header .menu.open .menu-icon { background-color:#444; } .header.subchannels li:hover { background-color:#ccc; } .header.subchannels li.separator:hover { background-color:transparent; } .header .menu.nav { background-color:transparent; } .header.meganav, .header.meganav a, #Footer .flist > li:first-child, #Footer .column-list ul li.first, .header.meganav .primary { color:#fff !important; } .header.subchannels a { color:#333 !important; } .header .menu-panel .title, .header .menu-panel a, #Footer, #Footer a { color:#ccc !important; } #Footer .btm { padding:20px 0; } #Footer .flist { border-color:#3c3c3c; } #Footer .btm span { margin-right:10px; } #Footer .btm span a { padding:0 10px; font-size:13px; } .header.subchannels li.selected { border-bottom:solid 2px #444; } .header.meganav, .header.meganav a, .header.subchannels li.selected a, .header .menu-panel .col .title, #Footer { font-family: "sourcesanspro-light-webfont", Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif !important; } .header.subchannels, .header.subchannels li.selected a { font-family: "sourcesanspro-regular-webfont", Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif !important; } .header.subchannels .channel-title a { font-family: "sourcesanspro-semibold-webfont", Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif !important; } .hspace { text-align:justify; } .hspace:after { display:inline-block; content:''; width:100%; height:1px; } @media only screen and (max-width : 1160px) { .header.meganav .primary { width:75%; } .header.meganav .secondary { width:25%; } .header.meganav .menu-icon { padding:22px 17px; } .header.meganav .menu-icon:before, .header.meganav .menu-icon:after { display:none; } .header.meganav .menu.search { width:auto; } .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-icon { display:inline-block; } .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-items { margin: -1px 0 0 0; padding: 20px; list-style: none; display: none; font-size: 14px; position: absolute; top: 100%; width: 400px; cursor: pointer; background-color:#444; left:auto; right:0; } .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-items > li { display:block; } .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-item-link:after { border-top-color:#444; } .header.meganav .menu.newsletters .icon-txt { display:none; } .header.meganav .menu.newsletters .menu-icon { background-position:center 19px; padding:22px; margin:0; height:10px; } } @media only screen and (max-width : 960px) { .page-width { padding:0 5px; } .header.meganav { background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.8); } .header.meganav .menus { width:calc(100% - 210px); text-align:right; } .header.meganav .primary { width:auto; } .header.meganav .secondary { width:auto; } .header.meganav .brand { width:180px; background-size:auto 25px; background-position:left center; } .header.meganav .menu-icon { display:block !important; background-position:center center; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-icon { background-position:center 18px; } .header.meganav .menu.nav .menu-items { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: none; font-size: 14px; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 100%; width: 100%; cursor: pointer; background-color:#444; } .header.meganav .menu-items > li { display:block; } .header.meganav .menu.nav .menu-items > li { border-bottom:solid 1px #333; } .header.meganav .menu-item-title, .header.meganav .menu-item-link, .header.meganav .menu-item { padding:14px 15px 12px 15px; } .header.meganav .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu-item-link:after { border-top-color:#444; } .header.meganav .menu-panel { position:static; } .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-panel { display:block; } .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-title:before, .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-link:before, .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-link:after { border-top-color:transparent; border-bottom-color:#ccc; top:18px; } .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-link:after { margin-top:2px; border-bottom-color:#444; } .header.meganav .menu-panel > .inner { padding:10px; background-color:#3e3e3e; } .header.meganav .col.new, .header.meganav .col .article, .header.meganav .col.topics > .title, .header.meganav .col.tod .tod-title, .header.meganav .col.tod .tod-term, .header.meganav .col .tool-title:after, .header.meganav .col .tool-desc { display:none; } .header.meganav .col.topics { width:auto !important; } .header.meganav .col.tod, .header.meganav .col.video, .header.meganav .col.guides { width:49% !important; } .header.meganav .col.tod, .header.meganav .col.video { margin-top:10px; } .header.meganav .col.video { padding-right:0; } .header.meganav .col.guides > .title, .header.meganav .col.tod > .title, .header.meganav .col.video > .title { font-size:14px; border-bottom:solid 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.1) !important; display:block; padding:4px; } .header.meganav .col > .title:after { display:none !important; } .header.meganav .col.topics .links { margin:0; } .header.meganav .col.topics .links li { width:49%; } .header.meganav .col.guides .links { display:none; } .header.meganav .col .tool-title { font-size:14px; border-bottom:solid 1px rgba(255,255,255, 0.1); padding:4px; transition:border-color 0.2s ease-out; } .header.meganav .menu-panel.tools > .inner { padding:20px 10px; } .header.subchannels { display:none; } .header.meganav a, .header.meganav a.title { color:#fff !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width : 740px) { .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-items { left:0; right:auto; width: 100%; } .header.meganav .menu-icon { padding:22px 8px; } } @media only screen and (max-width : 500px) { .header.meganav .menus { width:calc(100% - 190px); } .header.meganav .brand { margin-right:10px; } .header.meganav a, .header.meganav a.title { color:#fff !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width : 400px) { .header.meganav .menus { width:calc(100% - 150px); } .header.meganav .brand { width:140px; background-size:auto 18px; margin-right:0; } } @media only screen and (min-width : 960px) { .header.meganav .menu-items a:hover, .header.meganav .tool-title:hover { border-bottom-color: #fff !important; } .header.meganav .menu a:hover { color: #fff !important; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items a:hover { border-bottom-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.2) !important; } .header.meganav .menu:hover .menu-icon:after, .header.meganav .menu-items > li:hover .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu-items > li:hover .menu-item-link:after { border-top-color: #444; } .header.meganav .tod-term:hover .term-btn { background-color: #397902; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items li:hover .menu-item-title, .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items li:hover .menu-item-link { background-color:#363636 !important; } .header.meganav .menu:hover .menu-icon, .header.meganav .menu-items > li:hover .menu-item-title, .header.meganav .menu-items > li:hover .menu-item-link, .header.meganav .menu:hover .menu-item { background-color:#444 !important; } .header.meganav .menu.member:hover .menu-items, .header.meganav .menu:hover .menu-items, .header.meganav .menu-items > li:hover .menu-panel { display:block; } } </style> <div class="ad-background"> <div id="AdSlot_PG-Background"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('AdSlot_PG-Background'); }); </script> </div> </div> <div class="header meganav "> <div class="inner page-width"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/" class="brand"></a><div class="menus"> <div class="primary"> <div class="menu nav"> <div class="menu-icon"></div> <ul class="menu-items"> <li> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/topics/" class="menu-item-title">Topics</a> <div class="menu-panel"> <div class="inner page-width"> <div class="col new" style="width:35%;"> <div class="title">What's New</div> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/071016/week-ahead-july-11july-15-2016.asp" class="article new"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/subchannel/markets/markets-economy/shutterstock_389811979.jpg?quality=60&width=200&height=200"> <span class="article-title">The Week Ahead: July 11-July 15, 2016</span> </a> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp" class="article new"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/content/homepage_news_allnew/shutterstock_37915147_employment_jobs.jpg?quality=60&width=200&height=200"> <span class="article-title">3 MBA Double Majors That Boost Your Value</span> </a> </div><div class="col topics" style="width:65%;"> <div class="title">Topics</div> <ul class="links topics"> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/markets/">Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/financial-advisor/">Financial Advisors</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/active-trading/">Active Trading</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/anxiety-index/">Anxiety Index</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/retirement/">Retirement</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/personal-finance/">Personal Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/investing/mutual-funds-and-etfs/">ETFs & Mutual Funds</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/election-center/">Election Center</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/wealth-management/">Managing Wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/investing/">Investing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/markets/stock-analysis/">Stock Analysis</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li><li> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/dictionary/" class="menu-item-title">Reference</a> <div class="menu-panel"> <div class="inner page-width"> <div class="col tod" style="width:30%;"> <a class="title" href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/dictionary/">Dictionary</a> <div class="tod-title">Term Of The Day</div> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/italexit-italeave.asp" class="tod-term"> <div class="term-title">Italexit (Italeave)</div> <div class="term-desc">Italexit, short for "Italy exit," also known as Italeave, is an Italian derivative ... </div> <div class="term-btn">Read More »</div> </a> </div><div class="col video" style="width:30%;"> <a class="title" href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/video/">Latest Videos</a> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/influence-erez-kalir/" class="article video"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/content/video/influence_erez_kali/erez_influence_thumbnail.jpg?quality=60&width=200&height=200"> <span class="article-title">Who is Erez Kalir's Greatest Influence?</span> </a> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/investing-after-golden-age/" class="article video"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/content/video/investing_after_the_/arden_week1_goldenage.png?width=200&height=200"> <span class="article-title">Investing After the Golden Age</span> </a> </div><div class="col guides" style="width:20%;"> <a class="title" href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/university/">Guides</a> <ul class="links"> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/university/stocks/">Stock Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/university/economics/">Economics Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/university/options/">Options Basics</a></li> </ul> </div><div class="col guides" style="width:20%;"> <a class="title" href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/professionals/">Exam Prep</a> <ul class="links"> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/professionals/series7/">Series 7 Exam</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/professionals/cfa/">CFA Level 1</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/professionals/series65/">Series 65 Exam</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li><li> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/simulator/" class="menu-item-title">Simulator</a> <div class="menu-panel tools"> <div class="inner page-width"> <div class="col" style="width:50%;"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/simulator/"> <div class="tool-title simulator">Stock Simulator</div> <div class="tool-desc">Trade with a starting balance of $100,000 and zero risk!</div> </a> </div><div class="col" style="width:50%;"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/fxtrader/"> <div class="tool-title fxtrader">FX Trader</div> <div class="tool-desc">Trade the Forex market risk free using our free Forex trading simulator.</div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li><li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/advisor-network/" class="menu-item-link">Advisor Insights</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div><div class="secondary"><div class="menu search"> <div class="menu-icon"></div> <ul class="menu-items"> <li> <div class="search-box"> <input type="text" placeholder="Search Investopedia" value="" name="SearchValue" class="SearchValue invSearchText"/> <button type="button" name="SearchButton" class="invSearchBtn"></button> </div> </li> </ul> </div><div class="menu newsletters"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/accounts/signupnewsletter/?subid=header&source=header" id="headerNL" class="menu-icon"><span class="icon-txt">Newsletters</span></a> </div><div class="menu member"> <div class="menu-icon"></div> <ul class="menu-items"> <li> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/accounts/login.aspx" rel="nofollow" class="menu-item-title">Log In</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- pre-subchannel op: investing --> <!-- post-subchannel op: --> <script language="JavaScript"> // hide tod description if there isn't enough space. $('.menu-panel').css({ display:'block' }); if ($('.tod-term').height() > 48) { $('.term-desc').hide(); } $('.menu-panel').removeAttr('style'); // update user menu var user_menu = ''; var user_info = $.parseJSON(decodeURIComponent(getCookie('user_info')).replace(/\+/g, ' ')); user_menu += '<li><a href="/accounts/manageprofile.aspx" class="menu-item-title">{name} (edit)</a></li>'; user_menu += '<li><a href="/accounts/logout.aspx" class="menu-item-title">Sign Out</a></li>'; String.prototype.replaceAll = function (find, replace) { return this.replace(new RegExp(find, 'g'), replace); } if (user_info) { user_menu = user_menu.replaceAll('{name}', user_info.name); $('.menu.member .menu-items').html(user_menu); $('#headerNL').attr("href", "/accounts/subscriptions/?id=" + user_info.uid); } // handle .header functionality $('.header .menu-icon').on('click', function() { if ($(this).css('display') == 'block') { $('.header .menu.open').not($(this).parent()).removeClass('open'); $(this).parent().toggleClass('open'); } }); $('.header .menu.nav .menu-item-title').on('click', function(e) { if ($(this).is('.link')) { return false; } if ($(this).parents('.menu:eq(0)').find('.menu-icon').css('display') == 'block') { e.preventDefault(); var this_panel = $(this).parent(); $('.header .menu-items > li').not(this_panel).removeClass('open'); this_panel.toggleClass('open'); } }); $('.header .menu').on('click', function(e) { e.stopPropagation(); }); $('html').on('click', function() { $('.header .menu').removeClass('open'); }); </script> <div class="ad-leaderboard"> <div id="AdSlot_AF-Top-Leaderboard"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('AdSlot_AF-Top-Leaderboard'); }); } </script> </div> </div> <div id="AdSlot_PG-Web-Bar"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('AdSlot_PG-Web-Bar'); }); } </script> </div> <div id="Content" class="layout-size"> <div class="layout-title article-author-bar"> <h1> 3 MBA Double Majors That Boost Your Value </h1> <div class="layout-body-topbar clear social-share "> <span class="by-author "> By <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/contributors/309/">Reyna Gobel</a> </span> <div class="share-buttons"> <div class="share-buttons-inner"> <a class="share-popup" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=371867692868423&display=popup&href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investopedia.com%2Farticles%2Fprofessionaleducation%2F09%2Fdouble-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp%3Futm_source%3Dfacebook%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3Dshareurlbuttons&redirect_uri=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investopedia.com%2Fmisc%2Fcallback%2Ffacebook%2F"> <div class="facebook-share-button share-button"> <div class="logo"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/img/facebook-share-14.png"/> </div> </div> </a> <a class="share-popup" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investopedia.com%2Farticles%2Fprofessionaleducation%2F09%2Fdouble-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp%3Futm_source%3Dtwitter%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3Dshareurlbuttons"> <div class="twitter-tweet-button share-button"> <div class="logo"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/img/twitter-tweet.png"/> </div> </div> </a> <a class="share-popup" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investopedia.com%2Farticles%2Fprofessionaleducation%2F09%2Fdouble-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp%3Futm_source%3Dlinkedin%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3Dshareurlbuttons"> <div class="linkedin-share-button share-button"> <div class="logo"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/img/linkedin-share.png"/> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> if (!$('.by-author').length){ $('.social-share').css('width', 'inherit'); } $('body').on('click', '.share-popup', function (e) { e.preventDefault(); var width = 575, height = 400, left = ($(window).width() - width) / 2, top = ($(window).height() - height) / 2, url = this.href, opts = 'status=1' + ',width=' + width + ',height=' + height + ',top=' + top + ',left=' + left; window.open(url, 'share-popup', opts); return false; }); function closePopup(popupWindow){ popupWindow.close(); } </script> <style> .layout-title h1, .layout-title .h1 { max-width: calc(100% - 210px); width: 100%; display: inline-block; padding-right: 0 !important; } .by-author { max-width: calc(100% - 210px); width: 100%; } .layout-body-topbar{ display: inline-block; } .social-share { display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; max-width:1130px; width:100%; } .share-button .logo{ display:inline-block; position:relative; padding-top: 5px; } .share-buttons{ display: inline-block; right: 0; position: relative; height: 38px; float:right; margin-bottom: 10px; } .share-buttons-inner a { text-decoration: none !important; } .share-button{ display: inline-block; padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left:3px; padding-right:3px; min-width:38px; height:38px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box; } .facebook-share-button{ background-color: #3b5998; } .twitter-tweet-button{ background-color: #00aced; } .linkedin-share-button{ background-color: #0077b5; } @media only screen and (max-width: 767px){ .share-buttons{ display:block; width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px; } .layout-body-topbar { display: initial; } .by-author{ max-width: 100%; } .layout-title h1, .layout-title .h1 { max-width: 100%; } } </style> </div> <div class="clear" id="related_searches_c"> </div> <div class="ad-textlink full-width-iframe" "> <div id="AdSlot_AF-Top-Textlink1"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('AdSlot_AF-Top-Textlink1'); }); } </script> </div> </div><!-- .ad-textlink --> </div> <div class="layout-page"> <div class="layout-content"> <!-- --> <div class="tabs"> </div> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system"> <div class="content"> <script> function MultiString(fn) { return fn.toString().split('\n').slice(1, -1).join('\n'); } </script> <div class="layout-body layout-body-article box clear"> <!--FEATURED VIDEO --> <span class=""> </span> <article> <div class="content-box"> <p>A <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/mba.asp">Master of Business Administration</a> (MBA) is a useful tool for your future success, and while you complete this degree you can make yourself even more employable by getting a dual master's degree. You should consider tacking on a semester or two and getting a dual master's degree in one these areas: communications, hospitality or cultural anthropology. Doing so will give you a knowledge base that will allow your MBA to focus in a specific area of expertise. (If you're considering a double undergrad instead, be sure to read <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-undergrad-vs-masters.asp"><em>A Double Undergrad Can Cost You Your MBA</em></a>.)</p> <p><strong><strong>TUTORIAL: <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/university/student-loans/">Student Loans</a></strong></strong></p> <p><strong>A "Quick" Double Major<br/></strong>Many colleges have double majors, such as hospitality/MBA programs, various forms of communication degrees and MBAs, and cultural anthropology and MBAs, already in place. If your school has preset programs for dual majors, you don't have to worry about developing a degree plan for your program. If not, you can meet with counselors from both degrees to see how the other major's coursework can earn credit in your other degree.</p> <p>For example, let's say you are majoring in mass communications with an emphasis on advertising. This master's degree takes 36 credits to complete. If you also want to complete an MBA in marketing to complement the advertising skills you intend to learn, the MBA will also take 36 credits. If you complete these degrees separately it will take you six semesters at 12 credits per semester. </p> <p>However, each major allows six elective credits in another field of study. If you use those elective credits – with the advisors in both departments' approval - towards your other major, you only need 60 credits to complete your double major, and you can finish in five semesters at 12 credits per semester. If you start in a fall semester and go to school in the summer, you can graduate with both of your degrees two years later in the spring. To gain more work experience, you can possibly get internship credit, too, in both degrees in a summer course by choosing a position that involves both majors. (See <em><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/younginvestors/08/land-that-internship.asp">Land That Internship!</a></em> for tips on how to get that coveted internship.)</p> <div class="ad-textlink ad-incontent-wrap"> <div id="AdSlot_IC-Rectangle"> <script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[// ><!-- googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('AdSlot_IC-Rectangle'); }); //--><!]]> </script></div> </div> <!-- .ad-textlink --><p><strong>1. Communications-Related Degrees<br/></strong>Want to be a <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cfo.asp">CFO</a> of a major corporation one day? A communications-related degree will help you explain the numbers you tabulate to the rest of the company and investors. If you have more of a marketing lean, you'll get another perspective on your trade or learn advanced graphic design skills. But don't just look at the title of a complimentary degree, look at the coursework to make sure it's a great fit. For instance, you may think your communications degree that focuses on advertising would cover graphic design. But at the school you are interested in, the focus could be on account management or research. However, there may be a visual arts degree that does include graphic design that you could use to develop ads and marketing materials. Always meet with a counselor in any department you are considering - by phone or in-person - to get all the details you need. (For related reading, check out <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/financialcareers/07/student-advice.asp"><em>4 Ways To Get A Head Start On Your Financial Career</em></a>.)</p> <p><strong>2. Hospitality<br/></strong>Want a career in the hotel or travel field? You'll be able to show that you know how your business skills apply to all aspects of this industry: from pricing and <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/marketing.asp">marketing</a> tour packages to developing marketing plans for a major airline. For example, if you want to work for a major restaurant chain, you could enroll in graduate courses that focus on hotel and restaurant management.</p> <p><strong>3. Cultural Anthropology<br/></strong>In a world where global <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/brand.asp">branding</a> is as important as local branding, you need to understand various cultures' attitudes towards buying different items. A cultural anthropology degree gives you an edge over someone who just has an MBA because you have studied various cultures.</p> <p>For instance, in some parts of the world fish-flavored snacks are extremely popular. However, many Americans prefer barbecue or sour cream and onion flavors. If you are a snack manufacturer who wants to appeal to a global market, you would likely want to hire someone that has training in understanding buying habits around the world.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion<br/></strong>In a competitive market, you need every edge you can get. So why not take two extra semesters to show your prowess in a whole new area of specialization. Plan your degrees carefully to minimize your completion time, pick a major that compliments your first degree for hirability, and you'll worry more about which job offer to accept after graduation instead of who will hire you. (For further reading check out <em><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/younginvestors/08/internship.asp">Start Off On The Right Foot With An Internship</a></em><em>, <a>Finding Your Place In The Financial Industry</a></em>, and <em><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/08/cfa-or-mba.asp">CFA, MBA ... Or Both?</a></em>.) </p> <div id="gtm-IPM-Outstream"> <script> // Trigger the code only: // - in UK // - at least 4 paragraphs in content // - no IC Rectangle in the page if ($('.content-box').find('p').length > 4 && !$('#AdSlot_IC-Rectangle').length) { dataLayer.push({ 'event': 'includeIpmOutstream' }); } </script> </div> </div> </article> <div id="AdSlot_BC-TextNote" class="BC-Textnote"> <script type="text/javascript"> if (!noDfp || ecLayout) { targetingList.Location = "BC-Textnote"; // If content has the tag "partner-content-original" do not output a textnote ad unit on the page var articleTags = $("meta[property='article:tag']").attr("content"); if (articleTags == undefined) { articleTags = ''; } // If there's no "partner-content-original" tag output a textnote if (articleTags.indexOf('partner-content-original') == -1) { var bcTextNoteDynamicAd = new dynamicAd(); bcTextNoteDynamicAd.domName = "AdSlot_BC-TextNote"; bcTextNoteDynamicAd.slotSize = ""; bcTextNoteDynamicAd.taxSlotName = "BC-Textnote"; bcTextNoteDynamicAd.isFrameExtraction = false; bcTextNoteDynamicAd.targeting = targetingList; bcTextNoteDynamicAd.perCentLeadTime = .50; bcTextNoteDynamicAd.isRenderOnScroll = false; bcTextNoteDynamicAd.isDefinedOutOfSlot = true; if (window.googletag && googletag.pubadsReady) { bcTextNoteDynamicAd.renderAd(); } else { setTimeout(function() { bcTextNoteDynamicAd.renderAd() }, 2001); } } } </script> </div> </div> <div class="box col-right big-image gtm-colombian-native-8 gtm-colombian-native-9" id="term_ArticlesOfInterest"> <!-- Related ContentA - new. Block name: deepblue_term_articles_of_interest --> <script> var relatedArticleHtml = MultiString(function () {/** <div class="title">Related Articles</div><ol class="list gaEvent"> <li class="item first "> <a href="/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-undergrad-vs-masters.asp" class="item-image" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Thumbnail image | 1" data-label="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/personalfinance/high-school-students.jpg | /articles/professionaleducation/09/double-undergrad-vs-masters.asp"> <img class="item-image-src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/personalfinance/high-school-students.jpg?quality=60&width=180&height=120" onerror="this.onerror='';this.src='https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/personalfinance/high-school-students.jpg';return true;" alt="" title=""/> </a> <div class="item-category">Personal Finance</div> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-undergrad-vs-masters.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Title | 1" data-label="A Double Undergrad Can Cost You Your MBA | /articles/professionaleducation/09/double-undergrad-vs-masters.asp"> A Double Undergrad Can Cost You Your MBA </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> At college, many students prefer to do a double undergrad to broaden their education, but this can hinder you - financially and professionally - in the long run. </div> </li> <li class="item second "> <a href="/articles/professionaleducation/11/accelerated-bachelors-masters-degree.asp" class="item-image" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Thumbnail image | 2" data-label="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/content/personalfinance/lifestages/education/benefits_of_accelerated_masters.jpg | /articles/professionaleducation/11/accelerated-bachelors-masters-degree.asp"> <img class="item-image-src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/content/personalfinance/lifestages/education/benefits_of_accelerated_masters.jpg?quality=60&width=180&height=120" onerror="this.onerror='';this.src='https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/content/personalfinance/lifestages/education/benefits_of_accelerated_masters.jpg';return true;" alt="" title=""/> </a> <div class="item-category">Personal Finance</div> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/articles/professionaleducation/11/accelerated-bachelors-masters-degree.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Title | 2" data-label="The Benefits Of An Accelerated Bachelor's/Master's Degree | /articles/professionaleducation/11/accelerated-bachelors-masters-degree.asp"> The Benefits Of An Accelerated Bachelor's/Master's Degree </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> Accelerating your post-secondary education can save you major time and money. </div> </li> <li class="item third "> <a href="/articles/professionaleducation/10/executive-mba.asp" class="item-image" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Thumbnail image | 3" data-label="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/97903923.jpg | /articles/professionaleducation/10/executive-mba.asp"> <img class="item-image-src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/97903923.jpg?quality=60&width=180&height=120" onerror="this.onerror='';this.src='https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/97903923.jpg';return true;" alt="" title=""/> </a> <div class="item-category">Financial Advisor</div> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/articles/professionaleducation/10/executive-mba.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Title | 3" data-label="Executive MBA Programs: Managers Going Back To School | /articles/professionaleducation/10/executive-mba.asp"> Executive MBA Programs: Managers Going Back To School </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> If you're working in management and want to move forward in your career,this degree may give you the boost you're looking for. </div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <a href="/articles/personal-finance/061615/when-college-wrong-investment.asp" class="item-image" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Thumbnail image | 4" data-label="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/thinkstockphotos-122483296.jpg | /articles/personal-finance/061615/when-college-wrong-investment.asp"> <img class="item-image-src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/thinkstockphotos-122483296.jpg?quality=60&width=180&height=120" onerror="this.onerror='';this.src='https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/thinkstockphotos-122483296.jpg';return true;" alt="" title=""/> </a> <div class="item-category">Personal Finance</div> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/articles/personal-finance/061615/when-college-wrong-investment.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Title | 4" data-label="When Is College The Wrong Investment? | /articles/personal-finance/061615/when-college-wrong-investment.asp"> When Is College The Wrong Investment? </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> Attending a very expensive college with the wrong degree could turn into a bad investment due to low salaries and high debt. </div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <a href="/articles/professionaleducation/09/business-grad-degree-vs-mba.asp" class="item-image" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Thumbnail image | 5" data-label="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/content/personalfinance/lifestages/education/business_graduate.jpg | /articles/professionaleducation/09/business-grad-degree-vs-mba.asp"> <img class="item-image-src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/content/personalfinance/lifestages/education/business_graduate.jpg?quality=60&width=180&height=120" onerror="this.onerror='';this.src='https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/content/personalfinance/lifestages/education/business_graduate.jpg';return true;" alt="" title=""/> </a> <div class="item-category">Personal Finance</div> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/articles/professionaleducation/09/business-grad-degree-vs-mba.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Title | 5" data-label="Traditional MBA Or Business Graduate Degree? | /articles/professionaleducation/09/business-grad-degree-vs-mba.asp"> Traditional MBA Or Business Graduate Degree? </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> Though an MBA is the most popular business graduate degree, there may be other options more suited to your goals. </div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <a href="/articles/younginvestors/10/college-budget-busters.asp" class="item-image" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Thumbnail image | 6" data-label="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/personalfinance/high-school-students.jpg | /articles/younginvestors/10/college-budget-busters.asp"> <img class="item-image-src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/personalfinance/high-school-students.jpg?quality=60&width=180&height=120" onerror="this.onerror='';this.src='https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/personalfinance/high-school-students.jpg';return true;" alt="" title=""/> </a> <div class="item-category">Personal Finance</div> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/articles/younginvestors/10/college-budget-busters.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Title | 6" data-label="Save On College Budget Busters | /articles/younginvestors/10/college-budget-busters.asp"> Save On College Budget Busters </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> Post-secondary education is expensive, but these tips can help reduce your costs - and the amount of money you have to borrow. </div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <a href="/articles/personal-finance/011415/when-mba-worth-it.asp" class="item-image" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Thumbnail image | 7" data-label="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/475311011.jpg | /articles/personal-finance/011415/when-mba-worth-it.asp"> <img class="item-image-src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/475311011.jpg?quality=60&width=180&height=120" onerror="this.onerror='';this.src='https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/475311011.jpg';return true;" alt="" title=""/> </a> <div class="item-category">Managing Wealth</div> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/articles/personal-finance/011415/when-mba-worth-it.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Title | 7" data-label="When Is an MBA Worth It? | /articles/personal-finance/011415/when-mba-worth-it.asp"> When Is an MBA Worth It? </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> Earning an MBA can enhance one's career path, or help land a high-paying job. It also involves substantial expense and time. Here's when it makes sense. </div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <a href="/articles/professionals/050713/how-work-financial-communications.asp" class="item-image" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Thumbnail image | 8" data-label="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/getting_wall_street_job.jpg | /articles/professionals/050713/how-work-financial-communications.asp"> <img class="item-image-src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/getting_wall_street_job.jpg?quality=60&width=180&height=120" onerror="this.onerror='';this.src='https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/getting_wall_street_job.jpg';return true;" alt="" title=""/> </a> <div class="item-category">Personal Finance</div> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/articles/professionals/050713/how-work-financial-communications.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Title | 8" data-label="How To Work In Financial Communications | /articles/professionals/050713/how-work-financial-communications.asp"> How To Work In Financial Communications </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> The surest way to develop a career in financial communications is to blend together the right mix of talent, education, persistence and hard work. </div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <a href="/articles/financialcareers/07/analystbrokercareer.asp" class="item-image" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Thumbnail image | 9" data-label="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/topics/images/bonds-lrg-4.jpg | /articles/financialcareers/07/analystbrokercareer.asp"> <img class="item-image-src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/topics/images/bonds-lrg-4.jpg?quality=60&width=180&height=120" onerror="this.onerror='';this.src='https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/topics/images/bonds-lrg-4.jpg';return true;" alt="" title=""/> </a> <div class="item-category">Investing</div> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/articles/financialcareers/07/analystbrokercareer.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Title | 9" data-label="Find Your Niche In The Financial Industry | /articles/financialcareers/07/analystbrokercareer.asp"> Find Your Niche In The Financial Industry </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> In this article, we'll give you the tools you need to discover the financial career that fits you the best. </div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <a href="/articles/personal-finance/042914/when-grad-school-worth-it.asp" class="item-image" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Thumbnail image | 10" data-label="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/mortarboard.680.440.thinkstock.istock.belchonock.481191641.jpg | /articles/personal-finance/042914/when-grad-school-worth-it.asp"> <img class="item-image-src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/mortarboard.680.440.thinkstock.istock.belchonock.481191641.jpg?quality=60&width=180&height=120" onerror="this.onerror='';this.src='https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://i.investopedia.com/dimages/graphics/mortarboard.680.440.thinkstock.istock.belchonock.481191641.jpg';return true;" alt="" title=""/> </a> <div class="item-category">Professionals</div> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/articles/personal-finance/042914/when-grad-school-worth-it.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_articles_of_interest | Title | 10" data-label="When Is Grad School Worth It? | /articles/personal-finance/042914/when-grad-school-worth-it.asp"> When Is Grad School Worth It? </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> How to figure whether the payback you get from going to grad school – earnings, lifestyle, career opportunities – is worth the cost. </div> </li> </ol> **/}); $(document).ready(function () { $('#term_ArticlesOfInterest').prepend(relatedArticleHtml); }); </script> <!-- AF Native Ad--> <!-- end AF Native Ad--> </div> <div class="article-related-articles-responsive"></div> <div class="box box-mediummore-margin first-letter-content clear" id="bl_term_ralated_faqs"> </ol> </div> <script> var relatedFaqHtml = MultiString(function () {/** <div class="title">RELATED FAQS</div> <ol class="list gaEvent"> <li class="item nth"> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/ask/answers/090815/does-financial-advisor-need-mba.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Title | 1" data-label="Does a financial advisor need an MBA? | /ask/answers/090815/does-financial-advisor-need-mba.asp">Does a financial advisor need an MBA?</a> </h3> <div class="item-description">Learn how a master's in business administration (MBA) is not needed for a licensed financial advisor as only specific coursework ... <a class="accordion-desc-link" href="/ask/answers/090815/does-financial-advisor-need-mba.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Abbreviated text | 1" data-label="Does a financial advisor need an MBA? | /ask/answers/090815/does-financial-advisor-need-mba.asp">Read Answer >></a></div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/advisor-network/questions/how-do-i-become-investment-banking-analyst/" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Title | 2" data-label="How do I become an investment banking analyst? | /advisor-network/questions/how-do-i-become-investment-banking-analyst/">How do I become an investment banking analyst?</a> </h3> <div class="item-description">I majored in Business and Finance and minored in Global Studies and Economics. I have a couple years of Financial Analyst ... <a class="accordion-desc-link" href="/advisor-network/questions/how-do-i-become-investment-banking-analyst/" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Abbreviated text | 2" data-label="How do I become an investment banking analyst? | /advisor-network/questions/how-do-i-become-investment-banking-analyst/">Read Answer >></a></div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/ask/answers/07/improve-credit-score.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Title | 3" data-label="How can I improve my credit score? | /ask/answers/07/improve-credit-score.asp">How can I improve my credit score?</a> </h3> <div class="item-description">If you are looking to take out a loan or apply for a credit card, then it will be very important for you to have a good credit ... <a class="accordion-desc-link" href="/ask/answers/07/improve-credit-score.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Abbreviated text | 3" data-label="How can I improve my credit score? | /ask/answers/07/improve-credit-score.asp">Read Answer >></a></div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/ask/answers/110614/what-are-some-signs-i-need-debt-credit-counseling.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Title | 4" data-label="Debt Counseling: 4 Signs You Need Help | /ask/answers/110614/what-are-some-signs-i-need-debt-credit-counseling.asp">Debt Counseling: 4 Signs You Need Help</a> </h3> <div class="item-description">Stop stressing about debt and bills and avoiding phone calls from debt collectors. Get help from a debt and credit counselor ... <a class="accordion-desc-link" href="/ask/answers/110614/what-are-some-signs-i-need-debt-credit-counseling.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Abbreviated text | 4" data-label="Debt Counseling: 4 Signs You Need Help | /ask/answers/110614/what-are-some-signs-i-need-debt-credit-counseling.asp">Read Answer >></a></div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/ask/answers/061615/how-do-i-get-started-career-asset-management.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Title | 5" data-label="How do I get started with a career in asset management? | /ask/answers/061615/how-do-i-get-started-career-asset-management.asp">How do I get started with a career in asset management?</a> </h3> <div class="item-description">Find out how to get stated with a career in asset management whether you are still an undergraduate student or making a career ... <a class="accordion-desc-link" href="/ask/answers/061615/how-do-i-get-started-career-asset-management.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Abbreviated text | 5" data-label="How do I get started with a career in asset management? | /ask/answers/061615/how-do-i-get-started-career-asset-management.asp">Read Answer >></a></div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/ask/answers/101314/do-real-estate-agents-need-degree.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Title | 6" data-label="Do real estate agents need a degree? | /ask/answers/101314/do-real-estate-agents-need-degree.asp">Do real estate agents need a degree?</a> </h3> <div class="item-description">Earning a degree is required by many real estate brokerages, as well as by some state's real estate boards. Getting a degree ... <a class="accordion-desc-link" href="/ask/answers/101314/do-real-estate-agents-need-degree.asp" data-cat="related_content" data-act="deepblue_term_related_faqs | Abbreviated text | 6" data-label="Do real estate agents need a degree? | /ask/answers/101314/do-real-estate-agents-need-degree.asp">Read Answer >></a></div> </li> **/}); $(document).ready(function () { $('#bl_term_ralated_faqs').prepend(relatedFaqHtml); }); </script> <div class="bf-responsive"></div> <div class="content-tags "> <i>BROWSE BY TOPIC:</i> <a title="All things related to all levels of post-secondary education." href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/tags/post-secondary_education/" rel="tag">Post-Secondary Education</a> </div> <div id="below-content"> <div id="AdSlot_IC-BelowContent" style="margin-bottom: 65px;"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp && typeof removeAFCContent !== "undefined" && removeAFCContent){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('AdSlot_IC-BelowContent'); }); } </script> </div> </div> <!--Adsense Ads in GTM--> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { if (!noDfp && !$('.aboveRelatedMods').length) { if (typeof removeAFCContent !== "undefined" && removeAFCContent !== true && typeof(removeAFCContent) !== "undefined") { dataLayer.push({ 'adsense_google_adtest': 'off', 'adsense_google_ad_channel': '3152', 'event': 'includeAdsenseAds' }); } } }); </script> <script> if(typeof(leadGenTable) == "undefined" && !_pageTaxonomy.Type.match(/term/i)) { if(_pageTaxonomy.Path.match(/ask/i)) { $("#below-content").insertAfter("#term_ArticlesOfInterest"); } else { $("#below-content").insertAfter("#term_ArticlesOfInterest"); $("#below-content").insertAfter("#RelatedArticles"); } } </script> <!-- Leaderboard Sticky Functionality --> <script type="text/javascript"> // Disable the sticky function when adblocker is on as Pagefair is recovering the hidden ad if( !isAdBlocked() ) { if (typeof googletag !== "undefined") { googletag.cmd.push(function () { var headerHeight = $('.header').outerHeight(); var $adLeaderboard = $(".ad-leaderboard"); var stickLimit = 130; // Add ScrollFix Helper if (!$('.ad-leaderboard-helper').length) { var $leaderboardHelper = $('<div>').addClass('ad-leaderboard-helper'); $leaderboardHelper.css('height', $adLeaderboard.outerHeight() + 'px'); $leaderboardHelper.insertBefore($adLeaderboard); } $(window).bind('scroll', function () { var scrollTop = $(window).scrollTop(); if ($(".content-box").length) { stickLimit = $(".content-box").offset().top - headerHeight - $adLeaderboard.outerHeight(); } if (scrollTop > stickLimit) { $adLeaderboard.addClass("not-inview"); } else if (scrollTop < 5 || scrollTop > 650) { $adLeaderboard.removeClass("not-inview"); $adLeaderboard.removeClass("fixed"); $leaderboardHelper.removeClass('active'); } else { $adLeaderboard.removeClass("not-inview"); $adLeaderboard.addClass("fixed"); $leaderboardHelper.addClass('active'); } }); }); } } </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout-side" style="opacity: 0; display:none;"> <!--All files included are in the order they appear in the right rail.--> <!--The logic for determining whether a widget will show or not is in the widget itself--> <div class="inner-helper"> <!--ad af-right-multi--> <div class="box center ad af-right-multi"> <div id="AdSlot_AF-Right-Multi"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('AdSlot_AF-Right-Multi'); }); } </script> </div> </div> <!-- Bloomberg Stock Video --> <!-- Newsletter --> <div class="box sharing"> <div class="box-inner"> <div class="newsletter"> <style> input#edit-button-showall { text-align: center; background-color: #E6E6E6; color: #005B9D; width: calc(100% - 100px); height: 31px; padding: 0px; border: #B3B3B3; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; margin-bottom: 0px; } input#edit-submit { margin-left: 20px; width: 80px; } .edit-login-submit { margin: 15px auto; display: block; } input#edit-email { width: 100%; } div#right-rail-signup-sep { margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; width: calc(100% - 100px); } .layout-side.layout-side-small .newsletter .form-box.form-group .form-item { width: calc(100% - 100px); } .form-box.form-group .form-item { width: calc(100% - 100px); } .form-box { margin-bottom: 5px; } .nl-description { text-align: center; } .nl-thanks { margin-top:33px; text-align: center; } .pre-sub-manage { text-align: center; } .post-sub-manage { text-align: center; margin-top:10px; margin-bottom: 20px; } .nl-login-hide{ display: none; } </style> <div class="nl-description" id="nl-description"> Subscribe to the <span class="redfont">Financial Advisor</span> newsletter for the latest in practice management:</div> <div class="nl-thanks nl-login-hide" id="nl-thanks"> Thanks for signing up to Financial Advisor.</div> <div class="form-box form-group"> <form class="newsletter-widget-form newsletter-widget-form-content" action="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp" method="post" id="account-api-newsletters-widget-deepblue-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-email"> <input type="text" id="edit-email" name="email" value="" size="60" maxlength="50" class="form-text"/> </div> <input type="hidden" name="default_newsletter_id" value="15"/> <input type="hidden" name="sem-ocode" value=""/> <input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Sign Up" class="form-submit"/><input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="account_api_newsletters_widget_deepblue_form"/> </div></form> <div class="separator" id="right-rail-signup-sep"></div> <input type="button" id="edit-button-showall" value="See all newsletters" onclick="window.location='/accounts/signupnewsletter/?rec=15&subid=right-rail-fa-all&source=right-rail-fa-all'"> <input type="submit" class="edit-login-submit nl-login-hide" id="edit-login-submit" onclick="loggedInNLSignup()" value="Sign Up"> </div> <div class="pre-sub-manage nl-login-hide" id="pre-sub-manage"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/accounts/subscription" id="pre-sub-manage-link"> Manage Subscriptions </a> </div> <div class="post-sub-manage nl-login-hide" id="post-sub-manage"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/accounts/subscription" id="post-sub-manage-link"> See All Newsletters </a> </div> <script language="JavaScript"> var user_info = $.parseJSON(decodeURIComponent(getCookie('user_info')).replace(/\+/g, ' ')); var subLink = null; if (user_info) { var defaultNl = "financial-advisor"; subLink = "/accounts/onestep-email/?id=" + user_info.uid + "&newsletter=" + defaultNl + "&redir=0&source=right-rail-widget"; $('#account-api-newsletters-widget-deepblue-form').addClass('nl-login-hide'); $('#right-rail-signup-sep').addClass('nl-login-hide'); $('#edit-button-showall').addClass('nl-login-hide'); $('#edit-login-submit').removeClass('nl-login-hide'); $('#pre-sub-manage').removeClass('nl-login-hide'); $('#post-sub-manage-link').attr("href", "/accounts/subscriptions/?id=" + user_info.uid); $('#pre-sub-manage-link').attr("href", "/accounts/subscriptions/?id=" + user_info.uid); } function loggedInNLSignup(){ $('#nl-description').addClass('nl-login-hide'); $('#nl-thanks').removeClass('nl-login-hide'); $('#edit-login-submit').addClass('nl-login-hide'); $('#pre-sub-manage').addClass('nl-login-hide'); $('#post-sub-manage').removeClass('nl-login-hide'); $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: subLink, data: "data-string" }) } </script> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Related Stocks (markets quote page) --> <!-- Recent Videos (/slide-show/all/) --> <!-- Last Questions Asked --> <!-- Active Trading - Stock Analysis --> <!-- Active Trading - Investopedia Features --> <!-- Markets/stock-analysis - Investing News --> <!-- Personal Finance Subchannels - Life Stages --> <!-- Personal Finance Subchannels - Save Money --> <!-- Related Content --> <!-- Articles of Interest --> <!-- Frequently Asked Questions --> <!-- Tutorials --> <!-- FOREX Landing ONLY - Live Rates --> <!-- FOREX Landing ONLY - Currency Converter --> <!-- FOREX Landing ONLY - Currency Converter --> <!-- Hot Definitions --> <div class="box box-bg box-line no-description hot-definitions clear"> <div class="title">Hot Definitions</div> <!-- Related ContentA - old. Block name: term_hot_definitions --><ol class="list gaEvent"> <li class="item first "> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/italexit-italeave.asp" data-cat="custom_list" data-act="term_hot_definitions | Title | 1" data-label="Italexit (Italeave) | /terms/i/italexit-italeave.asp"> Italexit (Italeave) </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> Italexit, short for "Italy exit," also known as Italeave, is an Italian derivative of the term Brexit, which refers to the ... </div> </li> <li class="item second "> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/oustria.asp" data-cat="custom_list" data-act="term_hot_definitions | Title | 2" data-label="Oustria | /terms/o/oustria.asp"> Oustria </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> Oustria, short for "Oust Austria," is an Austrian version of the term Brexit, which originated in June of 2016 when the United ... </div> </li> <li class="item third "> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/transatlantic-trade-and-investment-partnership-ttip.asp" data-cat="custom_list" data-act="term_hot_definitions | Title | 3" data-label="Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) | /terms/t/transatlantic-trade-and-investment-partnership-ttip.asp"> Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> What is the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)? </div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cashadvance.asp" data-cat="custom_list" data-act="term_hot_definitions | Title | 4" data-label="Cash Advance | /terms/c/cashadvance.asp"> Cash Advance </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> A service provided by many credit card issuers allowing cardholders to withdraw a certain amount of cash, either through ... </div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/peak_oil.asp" data-cat="custom_list" data-act="term_hot_definitions | Title | 5" data-label="Peak Oil | /terms/p/peak_oil.asp"> Peak Oil </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> A hypothetical date referring to the world's peak crude oil production, whereby following this day, production rates will ... </div> </li> <li class="item nth"> <h3 class="item-title"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/annuity.asp" data-cat="custom_list" data-act="term_hot_definitions | Title | 6" data-label="Annuity | /terms/a/annuity.asp"> Annuity </a> </h3> <div class="item-description"> A financial product that pays out a fixed stream of payments to an individual, primarily used as steady cash flow for retirees. </div> </li> </ol> </div> <!-- Exam Prep - Financial Professionals --> <!-- Companies In this Article --> <!-- ad bf-right-multi --> <div class="box center ad bf-right-multi"> <div id="AdSlot_BF-Right-Multi"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('AdSlot_BF-Right-Multi'); }); } </script> </div> </div> <!-- ad trading center (4 button ads) --> <div class="box "> <div class="title">Trading Center</div> <ul class="ad-buttons clear"> <li> <div id="AdSlot_BF-Right-Button1"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('AdSlot_BF-Right-Button1'); }); } </script> </div> </li> <li> <div id="AdSlot_BF-Right-Button2"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('AdSlot_BF-Right-Button2'); }); } </script> </div> </li> <li> <div id="AdSlot_BF-Right-Button3"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('AdSlot_BF-Right-Button3'); }); } </script> </div> </li> <li> <div id="AdSlot_BF-Right-Button4"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('AdSlot_BF-Right-Button4'); }); } </script> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <script> var refreshAd = function() { var slots = googletag.pubads().getSlots(); var refreshCt = 0; for (var i = slots.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { var slotElemId = slots[i].getSlotElementId(); if (slotElemId === "AdSlot_BF-Right-Button2") { googletag.pubads().refresh([slots[i]]); refreshCt++; } if (refreshCt >= 2) { break; } }; }; setTimeout(refreshAd, 15000); </script> <!-- Partner Links --> <div id="adPartnerLinks" class="box openxbuttons"> <div class="title">Partner Links</div> <div class="adx-link-item"> <div id="AdSlot_AF-Right-Textlink1"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display("AdSlot_AF-Right-Textlink1"); }); } </script> </div> </div> <div class="adx-link-separator"></div> <div class="adx-link-item"> <div id="AdSlot_AF-Right-Textlink2"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display("AdSlot_AF-Right-Textlink2"); }); } </script> </div> </div> <div class="adx-link-separator"></div> <div class="adx-link-item"> <div id="AdSlot_AF-Right-Textlink3"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display("AdSlot_AF-Right-Textlink3"); }); } </script> </div> </div> <div class="adx-link-separator"></div> </div></div> <!-- Rail Sticky Functionality --> <script type="text/javascript"> ///////////////////////////// // Sticky Functionality ///////////////////////////// // Init Var var docTop, winHeight, bfHeight, stickyStart, stickEnd; var $layoutSide = $('.layout-side'); var layoutSideW = $layoutSide.width(); var marginBottom = parseInt($layoutSide.find('.box').css('marginBottom')); var headerHeight = $('.header').outerHeight(); // Stick only if bf-right-multi exist if ( $layoutSide.find('.bf-right-multi').length ) { // Bind Scroll event $(document).bind('scroll', function(){ docTop = $(document).scrollTop(); winHeight = $(window).outerHeight(); // Get Sum Height from bf-right-multi to the end of rightrail var nextEls = $layoutSide.find('.bf-right-multi').nextAll().filter('.box'); bfHeight = headerHeight; $.each(nextEls, function(i, el){ bfHeight += $(el).outerHeight() + marginBottom; }); bfHeight += $layoutSide.find('.bf-right-multi').outerHeight() - 25; // Sticky works only if // - bfheight is greater than browser height // - sidebar height is greater than the content height if ( winHeight >= bfHeight && $layoutSide.outerHeight() <= $('.layout-page').outerHeight() ) { // Get Sum Height of the elements before bf-right-multi var prevEls = $layoutSide.find('.bf-right-multi').prevAll().filter('.box'); var prevHeight = -headerHeight; $.each(prevEls, function(i, el){ prevHeight += $(el).outerHeight() + 25; }); stickyStart = $layoutSide.offset().top + prevHeight; stickEnd = $layoutSide.parent().offset().top + $layoutSide.parent().outerHeight() - bfHeight - 55; // Fixed if( docTop > stickyStart && docTop < stickEnd) { $layoutSide.find('.inner-helper').css({ 'width': layoutSideW + 'px', 'position': 'fixed', 'top': -prevHeight + 'px', 'bottom': 'auto' }); } // remove fixed at the bottom of content else if (docTop >= stickEnd) { $layoutSide.find('.inner-helper').css({ 'position': 'absolute', 'top': 'auto', 'bottom': '0px' }); } else { $layoutSide.find('.inner-helper').css({ 'position': 'relative', 'top': 'auto', 'bottom': 'auto' }); } }else { $layoutSide.find('.inner-helper').css({ 'position': 'relative', 'top': 'auto', 'bottom': 'auto' }); } }); } </script> </div> </div> <style> </style> <script type="text/javascript"> isDesktop = true; if (noDfp) { $(".layout-side").css({"display":"none", "visibility":""}); $(".ad-textlink").css({"display":"none", "visibility":""}); $(".ad-leaderboard").css({"display":"none", "visibility":""}); $("#below-content").css({"display":"none", "visibility":""}); $(".layout-body-video").css("float","right"); $(".layout-body-video > div").css("cssText", "max-width: none !important;"); $("body").css("min-width","auto"); $(".layout-size").css({"width":"100%", "max-width":"940px", "box-sizing":"border-box"}); $('.video-screen').addClass('ra'); if (isDesktop) { $(".layout-content").css({margin:"0px 40px", padding:"0px"}); $(".layout-title").css({margin:"0px 40px", padding:"0px"}); $(".layout-title>h1").css({"margin-top":"20px", "margin-bottom":"20px"}); $(".layout-body-topbar").css("margin-bottom","15px"); } } else { $(".layout-side").css({"opacity":"1", "display":""}); } if (ecLayout) { $("#term_ArticlesOfInterest").css({"display":"none", "visibility":""}); $("#bl_term_ralated_faqs").css({"display":"none", "visibility":""}); $(".content-tags").css({"display":"none", "visibility":""}); $(".layout-body-video").empty(); } </script> <script> var overlaySubscriptionOn = false; function showOverlaySubscription() { $('.newsletter-overlay').addClass('active'); var hashStr = window.location.hash; var index = hashStr.indexOf("#ec|"); if (index == -1) { index = hashStr.indexOf("#ec%7C"); if (index != -1) { index = index + 2; } } var source = index == -1 ? "" : hashStr.substring(index + 4); var inputSubid = $(".newsletter-overlay .overlay-signup #subid"); var inputSource = $(".newsletter-overlay .overlay-signup #source"); inputSubid.val(source); inputSource.val(source); overlaySubscriptionOn = true; } function hideOverlaySubscription() { $('.newsletter-overlay').removeClass('active'); overlaySubscriptionOn = false; } </script> <div class="newsletter-overlay" id="newsletter-overlay"> <div class="inner-helper"> <div class="description"> <a class="close" onclick="hideOverlaySubscription();"></a> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/"> <div class="brand"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/img/logo_white_new.png"></div> </a> <div class="motto">Investopedia makes you smarter.</div> <div class="subscription"> Sign up for the <span class="bold"> News to Use </span> newsletter for the latest in expert analysis, market insights and news. </div> </div> <div class="overlay-signup"> <form action="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/accounts/onestep-email" method="get" id="account-api-newsletters-widget-deepblue-form" accept-charset="UTF-8" target="_blank"> <input type="text_field" class="email" name="email" placeholder="Enter your email"> <input type="hidden" name="newsletter" value="news-to-use"> <input type="hidden" id="subid" name="subid" value=""> <input type="hidden" id="source" name="source" value=""> <input type="submit" class="submit" value="Sign Up" onclick="hideOverlaySubscription();"> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bf-footer-leaderboard" id="AdSlot_BF-Footer-Leaderboard"> <script type="text/javascript"> if(!noDfp) { googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('AdSlot_BF-Footer-Leaderboard'); }); } </script> </div> <div id="Footer"> <div class="mid"> <div class="footer-inner layout-size"> <!--<a href="#" class="to-top">TOP</a>--> <!-- Footer logo --> <div class="clear"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/" class="logo"></a> <div class="search-bars"> <div class="search-box clear"> <div class="form-box form-group"> <div> <div class="container-inline form-wrapper" id="edit-basic"> <div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-symbol"> <input type="text" class="SearchValue form-text input-text input-help invSearchText" value="Search Investopedia"> </div> <input type="button" name="invSearchBtn" class="invSearchBtn search-btn form-submit"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="search-box clear ticker-search"> <div class="form-box form-group"> <form class="filter-form" action="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp" method="post" id="market-api-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="container-inline form-wrapper" id="edit-basic"><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-symbol"> <label for="edit-symbol">Enter Symbol </label> <input type="text" id="edit-symbol" name="symbol" value="" size="10" maxlength="255" class="form-text"/> </div> <input type="submit" id="edit-submit--2" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit"/></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-VMI4W8MSf87Ls3RyFsGDW_MmWx1GAnLbcSO3pTfODqI"/> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="market_api_form"/> </div></form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="flist"> <li>Dictionary:</li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/1/">#</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/">a</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/">b</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/">c</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/">d</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/">e</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/">f</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/">g</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/">h</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/">i</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/j/">j</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/k/">k</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/l/">l</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/">m</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/">n</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/">o</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/">p</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/q/">q</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/">r</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/">s</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/">t</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/u/">u</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/v/">v</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/w/">w</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/x/">x</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/y/">y</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/z/">z</a></li> </ul> <div class="column-list clear"> <div class="col-l"> <ul> <li class="first">Content Library</li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/">Articles</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/dictionary/">Terms</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/video/">Videos</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/university/">Guides</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/slide-show/">Slideshows</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/ask/">FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/calculator/">Calculators</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/active-trading/chartadvisor/">Chart Advisor</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/markets/stock-analysis/">Stock Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/simulator/">Stock Simulator</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/fxtrader/">FXtrader</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/exam-prep-quizzes/">Exam Prep Quizzer</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/net-worth/">Net Worth Calculator</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-r"> <ul> <li class="first">Connect With Investopedia</li> </ul> <a target="_blank" title="Go to the Investopedia Facebook Page." href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://www.facebook.com/Investopedia" rel="nofollow" class="footicon fb"></a> <a target="_blank" title="Go to the Investopedia Twitter Page." href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://twitter.com/#!/investopedia" rel="nofollow" class="footicon twtr"></a> <a title="Go to the Investopedia LinkedIn Page." href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://www.linkedin.com/company/investopedia-ulc" class="footicon lnkd"></a> <a title="Subscribe to Investopedia RSS news feeds here." href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/rss/" class="footicon rss"></a> <a title="Go to the Investopedia" href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/" class="footicon inv"></a> </div> </div> <div class="column-list clear"> <div class="col-l"> <ul> <li class="first">Work With Investopedia</li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/about.aspx">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/advertise.aspx">Advertise With Us</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/contactus.aspx?type=WriterSubmission">Write For Us</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/contactus.aspx">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/https://careers.smartrecruiters.com/IAC/investopedia" rel="nofollow">Careers</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-r"> <ul class="menu-items"> <li class="first">Get Free Newsletters</li> <li><a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/accounts/signupnewsletter/?subid=footer&source=footer" id="footerNL" class="icon-newsletter">Newsletters</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- .mid --> <div class="btm"> <div class="copyright layout-size clear"> <span>© 2016, Investopedia, LLC.</span> <span class="footer-legal-links"> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/copyright.aspx">All Rights Reserved</a> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/termsofuse.aspx">Terms Of Use</a> <a href="/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/privacypolicy.aspx" class="last">Privacy Policy</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <script language="JavaScript"> if (user_info) { $('#footerNL').attr("href", "/accounts/subscriptions/?id=" + user_info.uid); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var adSlots = ["AdSlot_BF-Right-Multi","AdSlot_AF-Right-Multi","AdSlot_AF-Top-Leaderboard","AdSlot_IC-Rectangle","AdSlot_AF-Left-Multi","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button1","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button2","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button3","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button4"]; for ( var i = 0; i < adSlots.length; i++ ) { var adSlot = document.getElementById(adSlots[i]); if (adSlot) { adSlot.setAttribute('adonis-marker', ''); } } </script> <!--js start--> <!-- comScore --> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_comscore"> var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "6034722", c4: "https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })(); </script> <noscript> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244im_/http://b.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6034722&c4=http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp&cv=2.0&cj=1"/> </noscript> <!-- End comScore --> <!-- Audience Segment--> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_sp_taggroup_mapping" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/smart_pixel/tag_taggroup_mapping.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_sp_taggroup_mapping" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/smart_pixel/taggroup_seg_mapping.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_sp_keyword_sem" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/smart_pixel/keyword_sem_mapping.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_sp_audience_segment" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/smart_pixel/audience_segment.js"></script> <!--End Audience Segment --> <!--js end--> </div><!-- .page-wrapper --> <script type="text/javascript"> /* loader */!function e(n,t,o){function i(a,s){if(!t[a]){if(!n[a]){var c="function"==typeof require&&require;if(!s&&c)return c(a,!0);if(r)return r(a,!0);var d=new Error("Cannot find module '"+a+"'");throw d.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",d}var l=t[a]={exports:{}};n[a][0].call(l.exports,function(e){var t=n[a][1][e];return i(t?t:e)},l,l.exports,e,n,t,o)}return t[a].exports}for(var r="function"==typeof require&&require,a=0;a<o.length;a++)i(o[a]);return i}({1:[function(e,n,t){var o=e(7);o.run()},{7:7}],2:[function(e,n,t){var o=e(3);n.exports=o},{3:3}],3:[function(e,n,t){n.exports={REAL_STUN_HOST:"stun.xpanama.net:3478",TURNSIGNAL_HOST:"ts.p.xpanama.net:7000",STUNGUN_HOST:"sg.p.xpanama.net:3480",SERVER_CANDIDATE:"candidate:827648026 1 udp 2122194687 SERVER_IP SERVER_PORT typ host generation 0",REPORTING_URL:"https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/https://lb.statsevent.com/stats",REPORTING_RATE:.01,LOG_LEVEL:"error",REPORT_ERRORS:!0,MANIFEST_URL:"https://web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/https://sri.jsintegrity.com/manifest.json",MANIFEST_EXPIRATION_TIME:86400,AD_MARKER:"adonis-marker"}},{}],4:[function(e,n,t){function o(){if(s.isExpiredNow(localStorage.adonisClientManifestExpiry))return null;var e=null;try{e=JSON.parse(localStorage.adonisClientManifest)}catch(n){}return e}function i(e,n){localStorage.adonisClientManifest=JSON.stringify(e),localStorage.adonisClientManifestExpiry=(new Date).getTime()/1e3+n}function r(e,n){var t=new XMLHttpRequest;t.open("GET",a.MANIFEST_URL+"?v="+e,!0),t.onload=function(){var e={},o=!1;if(200===t.status)try{e=JSON.parse(t.responseText)}catch(i){e={}}else o=!0;n(e,o)},t.onerror=function(){n({},!0)};try{t.send(null)}catch(o){n({},!0)}}var a=e(2),s=e(6);n.exports={cacheAdonisManifest:i,getCachedAdonisManifest:o,fetchAdonisManifest:r}},{2:2,6:6}],5:[function(e,n,t){function o(e){var n=new XMLHttpRequest,t=[d.REPORTING_URL,e].join("");n.open("GET",t,!0),n.send()}function i(e){o("/adonis_error?e="+e.toString())}function r(){return null!=window.ADONIS_BOOTSTRAP_STATS?window.ADONIS_BOOTSTRAP_STATS===!0:Math.random()<d.REPORTING_RATE}function a(e,n){if(s(e),r()){var t={website:window.location.hostname,key:e};null!=n&&(t.quantity=n),o(["/adonis_event/?event=",JSON.stringify(t)].join(""))}}function s(e){if(window.performance){var n={key:e,time_ms:Math.round(window.performance.now()),website:window.location.hostname};u.push(n)}}function c(){l.defineReadOnlyProperty("adonisBootstrapTiming",u)}var d=e(2),l=e(6),u=[];n.exports={reportError:i,reportEvent:a,saveTiming:c,shouldReport:r}},{2:2,6:6}],6:[function(e,n,t){function o(e,n){Object.defineProperty(window,e,{value:n,writable:!1})}function i(e,n){return!n||Number(n)<=e}function r(e){var n=(new Date).getTime()/1e3;return i(n,e)}var a=function(){var e=window.navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(),n=/(chrome)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(e)||/(firefox)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(e);if(null!==n){var t=n[1],o=n[2],i=parseInt(o.split(".")[0]);if("chrome"===t&&i>=41||"firefox"===t&&i>=37)return!0}return!1},s=function(e){"loading"!==document.readyState?e():document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e)};n.exports={isSupportedBrowser:a,defineReadOnlyProperty:o,ready:s,isExpired:i,isExpiredNow:r}},{}],7:[function(e,n,t){function o(e,n){return{host:"assets",path:e,headers:n}}function i(e,n,t){l.reportEvent("bootstrap.runclientscript"),l.saveTiming(),u.defineReadOnlyProperty("adonisConn",n),u.defineReadOnlyProperty("adonisConfig",d);var o=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),i=URL.createObjectURL(o),a=p.getCachedAdonisManifest();return a&&a.hasOwnProperty(t)?void r(i,a[t],!1):void p.fetchAdonisManifest(t,function(e,n){p.cacheAdonisManifest(e,f),r(i,e[t],n)})}function r(e,n,t){if(t||n){var o=document.createElement("script");o.src=e,n&&(o.integrity=n),document.head.appendChild(o)}}function a(){}function s(){if(l.reportEvent("bootstrap.pageview"),u.ready(function(){var e=document.querySelectorAll("["+h+"]");l.reportEvent("bootstrap.admarker",e.length)}),u.isSupportedBrowser()&&l.reportEvent("bootstrap.supported"),d.DEVELOPER_MODE){console.log("Developer mode is enabled. Fetching adonis client from:",d.ADONIS_CLIENT_FETCH_URL),localStorage.adonisClientVersion="6.0.0";var e=document.createElement("script");return e.src=d.ADONIS_CLIENT_FETCH_URL,void document.head.appendChild(e)}var n="undefined"!=typeof Storage,t=void 0===window.adonisGlobal||"disabled"!==window.adonisGlobal.detectionLevel;if(n&&t){l.reportEvent("bootstrap.enabled");var r=localStorage.adonisCacheExpiry,a=localStorage.adonisCacheSrc,s=localStorage.adonisClientVersion,p=(new Date).getTime()/1e3;if(!u.isExpired(p,r)&&s&&a)l.reportEvent("bootstrap.cached"),i(a,null,localStorage.adonisClientVersion);else{l.reportEvent("bootstrap.expired");var f=new c(d.SERVER_CANDIDATE,d.REAL_STUN_HOST,d.TURNSIGNAL_HOST,d.STUNGUN_HOST,v);f.setLogLevel(d.LOG_LEVEL),f.on("open",function(){l.reportEvent("bootstrap.panama_opened");var e=o("client",{adonis_client_api:"6.0.0"});f.request(e,function(e,n,t){if(l.reportEvent("bootstrap.client_fetched."+t),n){if(n["cache-control"]){var o=Number(n["cache-control"].split("=")[1]),r=p+o;localStorage.adonisCacheExpiry=r}n["adonis-client-version"]&&(localStorage.adonisClientVersion=n["adonis-client-version"])}304===t?i(a,f,localStorage.adonisClientVersion):200===t?(localStorage.adonisCacheSrc=e,i(e,f,localStorage.adonisClientVersion)):v(e)})}),l.reportEvent("bootstrap.panama_opening"),f.open()}}}var c=e(9),d=e(2),l=e(5),u=e(6),p=e(4),f=d.MANIFEST_EXPIRATION_TIME||0;d.LOG_LEVEL="#adonis-logging"===window.location.hash?"debug":d.LOG_LEVEL;var h=d.AD_MARKER||"adonis-marker";window.adonisConn=void 0,window.adonisConfig=d,window.adonisBootstrapTiming=void 0;var v=d.REPORT_ERRORS?l.reportError:a;n.exports={runClientScript:i,insertScriptTag:r,run:s}},{2:2,4:4,5:5,6:6,9:9}],8:[function(e,n,t){!function(t,o){"use strict";"object"==typeof n&&n.exports&&"function"==typeof e?n.exports=o():"function"==typeof define&&"object"==typeof define.amd?define(o):t.log=o()}(this,function(){"use strict";function e(e){return typeof console===s?!1:void 0!==console[e]?n(console,e):void 0!==console.log?n(console,"log"):a}function n(e,n){var t=e[n];if("function"==typeof t.bind)return t.bind(e);try{return Function.prototype.bind.call(t,e)}catch(o){return function(){return Function.prototype.apply.apply(t,[e,arguments])}}}function t(e,n,t){return function(){typeof console!==s&&(o.call(this,n,t),this[e].apply(this,arguments))}}function o(e,n){for(var t=0;t<c.length;t++){var o=c[t];this[o]=e>t?a:this.methodFactory(o,e,n)}}function i(n,o,i){return e(n)||t.apply(this,arguments)}function r(e,n,t){function r(e){var n=(c[e]||"silent").toUpperCase();try{return void(window.localStorage[u]=n)}catch(t){}try{window.document.cookie=encodeURIComponent(u)+"="+n+";"}catch(t){}}function a(){var e;try{e=window.localStorage[u]}catch(n){}if(typeof e===s)try{var t=window.document.cookie,o=t.indexOf(encodeURIComponent(u)+"=");o&&(e=/^([^;]+)/.exec(t.slice(o))[1])}catch(n){}return void 0===l.levels[e]&&(e=void 0),e}var d,l=this,u="loglevel";e&&(u+=":"+e),l.levels={TRACE:0,DEBUG:1,INFO:2,WARN:3,ERROR:4,SILENT:5},l.methodFactory=t||i,l.getLevel=function(){return d},l.setLevel=function(n,t){if("string"==typeof n&&void 0!==l.levels[n.toUpperCase()]&&(n=l.levels[n.toUpperCase()]),!("number"==typeof n&&n>=0&&n<=l.levels.SILENT))throw"log.setLevel() called with invalid level: "+n;return d=n,t!==!1&&r(n),o.call(l,n,e),typeof console===s&&n<l.levels.SILENT?"No console available for logging":void 0},l.setDefaultLevel=function(e){a()||l.setLevel(e,!1)},l.enableAll=function(e){l.setLevel(l.levels.TRACE,e)},l.disableAll=function(e){l.setLevel(l.levels.SILENT,e)};var p=a();null==p&&(p=null==n?"WARN":n),l.setLevel(p,!1)}var a=function(){},s="undefined",c=["trace","debug","info","warn","error"],d=new r,l={};d.getLogger=function(e){if("string"!=typeof e||""===e)throw new TypeError("You must supply a name when creating a logger.");var n=l[e];return n||(n=l[e]=new r(e,d.getLevel(),d.methodFactory)),n};var u=typeof window!==s?window.log:void 0;return d.noConflict=function(){return typeof window!==s&&window.log===d&&(window.log=u),d},d})},{}],9:[function(e,n,t){function o(e,n,t,o,i){this.realStunHost=n,this.turnSignalHost=t,this.stunGunHost=o,this.serverCandidate=e,this.nodePeerPort=null,this.nodePeerIp=null,this.localCandidates=[],this.sentDataToTurn=!1,this.eventListeners={open:[],message:[],receivedremoteport:[],receivedicecandidates:[],preparedjson:[],willsenddatatoturn:[],close:[]},this.ips={},this.requests={},this.isOpen=!1,i&&(this.handleError=i),this.timingEvents=[]}function i(){var e=this,n={iceServers:[{url:"stun:"+this.stunGunHost,urls:["stun:"+this.stunGunHost],username:"test",credential:"test"}]};C.info("Connecting to stungun server : "+this.stunGunHost);var t=this.stunGunPeerConnection=new w(n);t.createDataChannel(""),t.createOffer(function(n){t.setLocalDescription(n,function(){e.addTimingEvent("requestingServerIp",performance.now()-e.estConnectionStart)},function(){})},function(){}),t.onicecandidate=function(n){if(null!==n.candidate){var o=n.candidate.candidate;if(C.debug("onicecandidate: "+o),e.checkCandidateIpLeak(o),v.isServerReflexive(o)&&!v.isIPv6(o)){t.close();var i=v.matchNodePeerIpAndPort(o);if(null!==i){e.addTimingEvent("serverIpReceived",performance.now()-e.estConnectionStart),e.nodePeerIp=i[1],e.nodePeerPort=i[2],C.info("ip and port to connect on: "+e.nodePeerIp+":"+e.nodePeerPort);var r=e.serverCandidate.replace(/SERVER_PORT/g,e.nodePeerPort);r=r.replace(/SERVER_IP/g,e.nodePeerIp),C.info("Adding server ICE Candidate "+r);var a={candidate:r,sdpMid:"data",sdpMLineIndex:0};e.peerConnection.addIceCandidate(new S(a),h,e.handleError),e.triggerEvent("receivedremoteport"),e.remoteCandidateReceived=!0,l.call(e)}}}}}function r(){var e=this.peerConnection=new w({iceServers:[{url:"stun:"+this.realStunHost,urls:["stun:"+this.realStunHost]}]}),n=this;this.peerConnection.onicecandidate=function(e){if(null!==e.candidate){var t=e.candidate.candidate;C.info("RECEVIED LOCAL CANDIDATE "+t),n.checkCandidateIpLeak(t),v.isServerReflexive(t)&&!v.isIPv6(t)&&(n.addTimingEvent("iceCandidate",performance.now()-n.estConnectionStart),n.localCandidates.push(t),n.localCandidateReceived=!0,l.call(n))}},this.peerConnection.ondatachannel=function(e){n.dataChannel=e.channel,n.turnSignalPeerConnection.close(),C.info("ondatachannel",n.dataChannel.label,n.dataChannel.readyState),n.dataChannel.binaryType="arraybuffer",n.dataChannel.onopen=function(){n.isOpen=!0,C.info("onopen");var e=performance.now(),t=e-n.estConnectionStart;n.addTimingEvent("dataChannelOpen",t);var o={host:"test"};n.request(o,function(){var t=performance.now()-e;n.addTimingEvent("msgRoundTrip",t),clearTimeout(n.connectionTimeout),setTimeout(function(){n.close()},T)}),C.info("TIMING:total "+t),C.info("onopen"),n.triggerEvent("open"),n.messageSendStartTime=performance.now()};n.dataChannel.onmessage=function(e){var t=e.data;C.info("Received response chunk",t),n.triggerEvent("message",t);try{var o=g.handleChunk(t)}catch(i){return void C.error("Failed to process chunked response: ",i)}o&&(C.info("Received complete response. Handling it"),a.call(n,o.id,o.http))},n.dataChannel.onclose=function(){C.info("onClose"),n.triggerEvent("close")},n.dataChannel.onerror=n.handleError},this.peerConnection.onsignalingstatechange=function(){C.info("signaling state change: ",e.iceConnectionState)},this.peerConnection.oniceconnectionstatechange=function(){var t=performance.now();C.info("ice connection state change: ",e.iceConnectionState,"after ",t-n.estConnectionStart,"millis")},this.peerConnection.onicegatheringstatechange=function(){C.info("ice gathering state change: ",e.iceConnectionState)},s.call(this)}function a(e,n){var t=n.headers;t&&t["set-cookie"]&&(document.cookie=t["set-cookie"]);var o=this.requests[e];o(n.body,n.headers,n.status),delete this.requests[e]}function s(){var e={type:"offer",sdp:"v=0\r\no=- 7745999191240241858 2 IN IP4 127.0.0.1\r\ns=-\r\nt=0 0\r\na=msid-semantic: WMS\r\nm=application 9 DTLS/SCTP 5000\r\nc=IN IP4 0.0.0.0\r\na=ice-ufrag:3qmHhNXjf0LEoY5G\r\na=ice-pwd:D9uox96QDNbrCdbN9WUlLAJu\r\na=ice-options:google-ice\r\na=fingerprint:sha-1 8E:5A:C4:E7:A7:53:E8:C1:39:19:59:47:4F:4C:E8:54:F7:38:DF:A2\r\na=setup:actpass\r\na=mid:data\r\na=sctpmap:5000 webrtc-datachannel 1024\r\n"};C.info("SETTING HARD CODED offer data : "+e.sdp);var n=new m(e);this.peerConnection.setRemoteDescription(n,c.bind(this),this.handleError),c.bind(this)}function c(){this.peerConnection.createAnswer(d.bind(this),this.handleError),this.iceCandidateStartTime=performance.now()}function d(e){this.answer=e,this.peerConnection.setLocalDescription(new m(e),u.bind(this),this.handleError),this.localDescriptionSet=!0,l.call(this)}function l(){!this.sentDataToTurn&&this.remoteCandidateReceived&&this.localCandidateReceived&&this.localDescriptionSet&&(C.debug("sending data to TURN"),p.call(this),this.sentDataToTurn=!0)}function u(){C.info("Sending answer"),this.addTimingEvent("setLocalDesc",performance.now()-this.estConnectionStart)}function p(){this.triggerEvent("receivedicecandidates");var e=performance.now();C.info("TIMING:ice_candidates "+(e-this.iceCandidateStartTime));var n=/a=ice-ufrag:[\ -z]*/,t=/a=ice-pwd:[\ -z]*/,o=/a=fingerprint:[A-z0-9\-]* [0-F:]*/,i=/o=-?\S* [0-9]+ [0-9] IN IP4 [0-9\.]+/,r=performance.now();C.info("Before matching regexes"+(r-this.estConnectionStart)),C.info(this.answer.sdp);var a=this.answer.sdp.match(n),s=this.answer.sdp.match(t),c=this.answer.sdp.match(o),d=this.answer.sdp.match(i);C.info("UFRAG:"+a),C.info("PWD:"+s),C.info("FINGERPRINT:"+c),C.info("O=:"+d);var l=[this.localCandidates];l.push(a[0]),l.push(s[0]),l.push(c[0]),l.push(d[0]);var u=new Uint8Array(8);window.crypto.getRandomValues(u);var p=String.fromCharCode.apply(null,u);l.push(p),l.push(this.nodePeerIp),l.push(this.nodePeerPort),this.triggerEvent("preparedjson",l);var h=performance.now();C.info("After matching regexes"+(h-this.estConnectionStart));var v=performance.now();C.info("Before jsonifying candidates"+(v-this.estConnectionStart));var g=JSON.stringify(l),w=performance.now();C.info("After jsonifying candidates"+(w-this.estConnectionStart)),f.call(this,g)}function f(e){this.triggerEvent("willsenddatatoturn",e);var n=performance.now()-this.estConnectionStart;this.addTimingEvent("turnPrep",n),C.debug("Sending data to turn @ "+this.turnSignalHost+" after "+n+" millis");var t={iceServers:[{url:"turn:"+this.turnSignalHost,urls:["turn:"+this.turnSignalHost],username:e,credential:"x"}]};this.turnSignalPeerConnection=new w(t),this.turnSignalPeerConnection.createDataChannel("");var o=this;this.turnSignalPeerConnection.createOffer(function(e){var n=performance.now(),t=n-o.estConnectionStart;o.addTimingEvent("turnSend",t),C.info("Fake offer generated which should trigger TURN request after "+(n-o.estConnectionStart)+" millis"),o.turnSignalPeerConnection.setLocalDescription(e,function(){},function(){})},function(){})}function h(){C.info("Successfully added ICE candidate")}var v=e(10),g=e(11),C=e(8),w=window.RTCPeerConnection||window.mozRTCPeerConnection||window.webkitRTCPeerConnection,m=window.RTCSessionDescription||window.mozRTCSessionDescription||window.webkitRTCSessionDescription,S=window.RTCIceCandidate||window.mozRTCIceCandidate||window.webkitRTCIceCandidate,E=15e3,T=3e5;o.prototype.handleError=function(){},o.prototype.getTimingEvents=function(){return this.timingEvents},o.prototype.addTimingEvent=function(e,n){var t={name:"t_"+e,timing:n};this.timingEvents.push(t)},o.prototype.open=function(){var e=this;this.connectionTimeout=setTimeout(function(){e.close()},E),this.estConnectionStart=performance.now(),setTimeout(function(){C.debug("v8Lag is : "+(performance.now()-e.estConnectionStart)),e.addTimingEvent("v8Lag",performance.now()-e.estConnectionStart)},1),i.call(this),r.call(this)},o.prototype.send=function(e){C.info("sending message",e),this.dataChannel.send(e)},o.prototype.request=function(e,n){var t=g.buildRequest(e),o=g.buildTerminator(t.id);this.requests[t.id]=n,this.send(JSON.stringify(t)),this.send(JSON.stringify(o))},o.prototype.close=function(){this.dataChannel&&(this.dataChannel.close(),this.dataChannel=null),this.peerConnection&&"closed"!==this.peerConnection.signalingState&&(console.log("Closed PC"),this.peerConnection.close()),this.stunGunPeerConnection&&"closed"!==this.stunGunPeerConnection.signalingState&&(console.log("Closed Stungun PC"),this.stunGunPeerConnection.close()),this.turnSignalPeerConnection&&"closed"!==this.turnSignalPeerConnection.signalingState&&(console.log("Closed Turnsignal PC"),this.turnSignalPeerConnection.close())},o.prototype.on=function(e,n){e in this.eventListeners&&this.eventListeners[e].push(n)},o.prototype.triggerEvent=function(e){if(e in this.eventListeners){var n=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments,1);this.eventListeners[e].forEach(function(e){e.apply(this,n)})}},o.prototype.setLogLevel=function(e){C.setLevel(e)},o.prototype.checkCandidateIpLeak=function(e){if(!v.isIPv6(e)&&-1!==e.indexOf("typ host")){var n=v.extractCandidateIp(e);n&&(this.ips[n]=!0,Object.keys(this.ips).length>=2&&(C.info("Multiple private IPs detected. Closing the connection."),this.close()))}},window.PanamaClient=o,n.exports=o},{10:10,11:11,8:8}],10:[function(e,n,t){n.exports.getPortNoFromCandidate=function(e){var n=/([0-9]+) ([0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}) ([0-9]+)/.exec(e)||[];return n[3]||null},n.exports.isServerReflexive=function(e){return-1!==e.indexOf("srflx")},n.exports.isIPv6=function(e){return/([0-9a-fA-F]){1,4}(:([0-9a-fA-F]){1,4}){7}/.test(e)},n.exports.extractCandidateIp=function(e){var n=/[0-9]+ ([0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}) [0-9]+/.exec(e);return n&&n.length>1?n[1]:null},n.exports.matchNodePeerIpAndPort=function(e){return e.match(/candidate:[0-9]+ [0-9]+ udp [0-9]+ ([0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}) ([0-9]*)/i)}},{}],11:[function(e,n,t){function o(){return Math.floor(99999*Math.random()+1)}function i(e){var n=o().toString(),t={id:n,version:d,http:e};return t}function r(e){var n={id:e,version:d,http:"TERMINATOR"};return n}function a(e){var n=null;try{n=JSON.parse(l+e)}catch(t){l+=e}return n&&(l=""),n}function s(e){if(!e.http||!e.id)throw new Error("Fields `id` and `http` are mandatory.");var n=e.id;if("TERMINATOR"===e.http){if(!u[n])return null;var t=u[n];return u[n]=null,t}return u[n]?u[n].http.body+=e.http.body:u[n]=e,null}function c(e){var n=a(e);if(!n)return null;var t=s(n);return t}var d="1.0",l="",u={};n.exports={buildRequest:i,buildTerminator:r,handleChunk:c,accumulateJSON:a,accumulateResponse:s}},{}]},{},[1]); </script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> function trackSemVisit(trackingType) { var trackingPixel = document.createElement("img"); trackingPixel.src = "/sem/sp.gif?type=" + trackingType + "&ocode=" + sem_ocode + "&ldid=" + sem_ldid; document.body.appendChild(trackingPixel); } if ((typeof sem_pageview !== 'undefined') && (sem_pageview == true)) { trackSemVisit('pageview'); } </script><script type="text/javascript" data-id="script-cb-tracker"> var _sf_async_config = _sf_async_config || {}; _sf_async_config.sections='Article'; _sf_async_config.authors='Reyna Gobel'; (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('language', 'javascript'); e.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20160710223244/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != 'function') ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); </script></body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 22:32:44 Jul 10, 2016 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 20:01:48 Nov 28, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 0.77 exclusion.robots: 0.04 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.024 esindex: 0.015 cdx.remote: 6.988 LoadShardBlock: 93.129 (3) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 175.077 (4) load_resource: 230.191 PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 109.904 -->