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class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Single tree-effects on denitrification and soil microbial biomass in agroforestry systems and natural forests of the Amazon region</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="41398316" href="https://independent.academia.edu/OMenyailo"><img alt="Profile image of O. Menyailo" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/41398316/11230171/12530454/s65_o..menyailo.jpg" />O. Menyailo</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2000</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">3 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 108964575; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=108964575"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { const viewCountNumber = Number(viewCount); if (!viewCountNumber) { throw new Error('Failed to parse view count'); } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (viewCountBody) { viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } else { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The aim of this study was to find the effect of tree species (Theobroma grandiflorum - cupuacu, Bixa orellana - urucum, Vismia spp, Carapa guianensis - andiroba, Ceiba pentandra - sumauma) used in agroforestry system in Amazonian region and natural forests on the total biomass of heterotrophic microorganisms (BH), in Manaus-AM (Brasil).</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":107218579,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/108964575/Single_tree_effects_on_denitrification_and_soil_microbial_biomass_in_agroforestry_systems_and_natural_forests_of_the_Amazon_region"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":107218579,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/108964575/Single_tree_effects_on_denitrification_and_soil_microbial_biomass_in_agroforestry_systems_and_natural_forests_of_the_Amazon_region"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="107218579" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/108964575/Single_tree_effects_on_denitrification_and_soil_microbial_biomass_in_agroforestry_systems_and_natural_forests_of_the_Amazon_region" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="76257939" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76257939/Soil_microbial_biomass_in_an_agroforestry_system_of_Northeast_Brazil">Soil microbial biomass in an agroforestry system of Northeast Brazil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="65512421" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MariaElizabeteOliveira">Maria Elizabete Oliveira</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Tropical Grasslands - Forrajes Tropicales, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Agroforestry systems (AFS) are considered alternative land use options to help prevent soil degradation and improve soil microbial biomass and organic C status. However, it is unclear how different densities of babassu palm [Attalea speciosa (syn. Orbignya phalerata)], which is an important tree in Northeast Brazil, affect the soil microbial biomass. We investigated the soil microbial biomass C and activity under AFS with different densities of babassu palm associated with Brachiaria brizantha grass. Soil microbial biomass C (MBC), soil microbial biomass N (MBN), MBC:total organic C ratio, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis and dehydrogenase activity showed highest values in plots with high density of babassu palm. On the other hand, the respiratory quotient (qCO 2) was significantly greater in plots without babassu palm. Brachiaria brizantha in monoculture may promote C losses from the soil, but AFS with high density of babassu palm may increase the potential of soils to accumulate C. Resumen Los sistemas agroforestales (AFS, por sus siglas en inglés) son opciones alternativas de uso de la tierra que ayudan a prevenir la degradación del suelo y mejorar la biomasa microbiana y el estado del carbono (C) orgánico. Babasú [Attalea speciosa (syn. Orbignya phalerata)] es una importante palma nativa que forma bosques en los estados Maranhão y Piauí, nordeste de Brasil; no obstante no se conoce su efecto sobre la biomasa microbiana del suelo cuando crece en diferentes densidades. En el estudio se evaluaron los efectos sobre el C y la actividad de la biomasa microbiana del suelo en AFS con 3 densidades de babasú en pasturas de Brachiaria brizantha. El C y el nitrógeno de la biomasa microbiana (MBC resp. MBN) del suelo, la relación de MBC:C orgánico total del suelo, la hidrólisis de diacetato de fluoresceína y la actividad de la deshidrogenasa mostraron valores más altos en las parcelas con alta densidad de babasú. Por otra parte, el cociente respiratorio (qCO2) fue significativamente mayor en las parcelas sin babasú. El pasto B. brizantha en monocultivo puede promover la pérdida de C del suelo, pero los AFS con alta densidad de la palma pueden aumentar el potencial de los suelos para acumular C.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Soil microbial biomass in an agroforestry system of Northeast Brazil","attachmentId":84014932,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/76257939/Soil_microbial_biomass_in_an_agroforestry_system_of_Northeast_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/76257939/Soil_microbial_biomass_in_an_agroforestry_system_of_Northeast_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="24924536" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24924536/Relationships_between_microbial_activity_and_soil_physical_and_chemical_properties_in_native_and_reforested_Araucaria_angustifolia_forests_in_the_state_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Brazil">Relationships between microbial activity and soil physical and chemical properties in native and reforested Araucaria angustifolia forests in the state of São Paulo, Brazil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="48047961" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BarettaD">D. Baretta</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ombrophilous forest and, in the State of São Paulo, it is associated with a high diversity of soil organisms, essential for the maintenance of soil quality, making the conservation of this ecosystem a major and pressing challenge. The objective of this study was to identify the physical and chemical properties that are most closely correlated with dehydrogenase enzyme activity, basal respiration and microbial biomass under native (NF) and replanted (RF) Araucaria angustifolia forests in three regions of the state of São Paulo, in winter and summer. The main differentiating factors between the areas were also determined. Each forest was represented by three true replications; at each site, from around the araucaria trees, 15 soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected to evaluate the soil physical, chemical and microbiological properties. At the same points, forest litter was sampled to assess mass and chemical properties. The following microbiological properties were evaluated: microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basal respiration (CO 2 -C), metabolic quotient (qCO 2 ), dehydrogenase enzyme activity (DHA) as well as the physical properties (moisture, bulk density, macroporosity and total porosity), soil chemical properties [pH, organic carbon (org-C), P, Ca, K, Mg, Al, H+Al], litter dry mass, and C, N and S contents. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (Two-way ANOVA). A Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) and a Canonical (1) Correlation Analysis (CCA) were also performed. In the soil under NF, the values of K, P, soil macroporosity, and litter dry mass were higher and qCO 2 and DHA lower, regardless of the sampling period, and DHA was lower in winter. In the RF areas, the levels of moisture, porosity and qCO 2 were higher in both sampling periods, and DHA was higher in winter. The MBC was only higher under NF in the summer, while the litter contents of C, N and S were greater in winter. In winter, CCA showed a high correlation of DHA with CO 2 -C, pH and H+Al, while in the summer org-C, moisture, Mg, pH and litter C were more associated with DHA and CO 2 -C. The CDA indicated H+Al, available P, total porosity, litter S content, and soil moisture as the most discriminating variables between NF and RF, but moisture was the most relevant, in both seasons and CO 2 -C only in winter. The combined analysis of CCA and CDA showed that the contribution of the microbiological variables to a differentiation of the areas was small at both samplings, which may indicate that the period after reforestation was long enough to allow an almost complete recovery of the microbial activity. Index terms: multivariate analysis, soil quality, soil chemical properties, microbiological properties. RESUMO: RELAÇÃO ENTRE ATIVIDADE MICROBIANA E ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS E QUÍMICOS DO SOLO EM FLORESTA DE Araucaria angustifolia NATIVA E REFLORESTADA NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO A Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze é a principal componente da Floresta Ombrófila Mista no Estado de São Paulo e está associada à alta diversidade de organismos edáficos, que são importantes para manutenção da qualidade do solo, o que torna a preservação desse ecossistema tarefa urgente e inadiável. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar que atributos físico-químicos estão mais relacionados à atividade da enzima desidrogenase, à respiração basal e à biomassa microbiana do solo em floresta nativa (FN) e reflorestada (FR) com Araucaria angustifolia, em três regiões do Estado de São Paulo, no inverno e no verão, bem como quais desses são os principais fatores discrepantes entre as áreas. Cada floresta foi representada por três repetições verdadeiras, em que, em cada uma, foram coletadas, ao acaso, 15 amostras de solo (0-20 cm) para se avaliarem atributos físico-químicos e microbiológicos. No mesmo ponto, coletaram-se amostras de serapilheira para avaliar sua massa e seus atributos químicos. As coletas de solo e serapilheira foram realizadas no inverno e verão. Os atributos microbiológicos: carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM), respiração basal (C-CO 2 ), quociente metabólico (qCO 2 ) e atividade da enzima desidrogenase (Desi); os atributos físicos do solo: umidade, densidade global, macroporosidade e porosidade total; e os químicos: pH, carbono orgânico (C-org), P, Ca, K, Mg, Al, H+Al, além da massa de matéria seca de serapilheira e C, N e S da serapilheira, foram submetidos à análise de variância (Two-way ANOVA). Realizaram-se também a Análise Canônica Discriminante (ACD) e a Análise de Correlação Canônica (ACC). O solo em NF apresentou maiores valores de K, P disponível, macroporosidade, massa de matéria seca de serapilheira e menores valores de qCO 2 , independentemente da época de coleta, além de menor atividade da desidrogenase no inverno. Em RF, foram encontrados maiores valores de umidade, porosidade total e qCO 2, no inverno e verão, além da maior atividade da Desi no inverno. O CBM foi maior apenas na FN no verão, enquanto os teores de C, N e S da serapilheira foram maiores no inverno. No inverno, a ACC apresentou alta correlação da Desi com C-CO 2 , pH e H+Al, enquanto no verão, C-org, umidade, Mg, pH e C da serapilheira se correlacionaram com a atividade da Desi e C-CO 2 . A ACD discriminou os atributos H+Al, P disponível, porosidade total, teor de S da serapilheira e umidade do solo como os de maior importância na separação das áreas FN e FR, sendo a umidade o mais relevante, independentemente da época de coleta, e C-CO 2 , apenas no inverno. Na avaliação da ACC e ACD em conjunto houve pouca influência das variáveis microbiológicas na separação das áreas, nas duas épocas de coleta, indicando que o período decorrido da implantação da área FR já tenha sido suficiente para propiciar a recuperação da sua atividade microbiológica. Termos de indexação: análise multivariada, qualidade do solo, atributos químicos do solo, atributos microbiológicos.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Relationships between microbial activity and soil physical and chemical properties in native and reforested Araucaria angustifolia forests in the state of São Paulo, Brazil","attachmentId":45253412,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/24924536/Relationships_between_microbial_activity_and_soil_physical_and_chemical_properties_in_native_and_reforested_Araucaria_angustifolia_forests_in_the_state_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/24924536/Relationships_between_microbial_activity_and_soil_physical_and_chemical_properties_in_native_and_reforested_Araucaria_angustifolia_forests_in_the_state_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="22345033" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22345033/EFFECT_OF_WATER_AVAILABILITY_ON_SOIL_MICROBIAL_BIOMASS_IN_SECONDARY_FOREST_IN_EASTERN_AMAZONIA">EFFECT OF WATER AVAILABILITY ON SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS IN SECONDARY FOREST IN EASTERN AMAZONIA</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43770098" href="https://cefetes.academia.edu/L%C3%ADviaGTRangelVasconcelos">Lívia G. T. Rangel</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43903192" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ClaudiodeCarvalho">Cláudio J R Carvalho</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Soil microbial biomass (SMB) plays an important role in nutrient cycling in agroecosystems, and is limited by several factors, such as soil water availability. This study assessed the effects of soil water availability on microbial biomass and its variation over time in the Latossolo Amarelo concrecionário of a secondary forest in eastern Amazonia. The fumigation-extraction method was used to estimate the soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content (SMBC and SMBN). An adaptation of the fumigation-incubation method was used to determine basal respiration (CO 2-SMB). The metabolic quotient (qCO 2) and ratio of microbial carbon:organic carbon (C MIC :C ORG) were calculated based on those results. Soil moisture was generally significantly lower during the dry season and in the control plots. Irrigation raised soil moisture to levels close to those observed during the rainy season, but had no significant effect on SMB. The variables did not vary on a seasonal basis, except for the microbial C/N ratio that suggested the occurrence of seasonal shifts in the structure of the microbial community.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"EFFECT OF WATER AVAILABILITY ON SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS IN SECONDARY FOREST IN EASTERN AMAZONIA","attachmentId":42976207,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22345033/EFFECT_OF_WATER_AVAILABILITY_ON_SOIL_MICROBIAL_BIOMASS_IN_SECONDARY_FOREST_IN_EASTERN_AMAZONIA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22345033/EFFECT_OF_WATER_AVAILABILITY_ON_SOIL_MICROBIAL_BIOMASS_IN_SECONDARY_FOREST_IN_EASTERN_AMAZONIA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="56532818" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56532818/Soil_Microbial_Attributes_Under_Agroforestry_Systems_in_the_Cerrado_of_Minas_Gerais">Soil Microbial Attributes Under Agroforestry Systems in the Cerrado of Minas Gerais</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7230185" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeidivanFraz%C3%A3o">Leidivan Frazão</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Floresta e Ambiente</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The aim of this study was to evaluate the soil microbiological attributes of two Agroforestry Systems (AFS) in the city of Grão Mogol-MG considering two soil classes (Udox and Aqualf). Three composite samples were collected from the 0-5 cm soil depth layer. Each sample was subsequently divided into five replications to evaluate the carbon of soil microbial biomass (SMB-C), metabolic quotient (qCO 2), microbial quotient (qMIC), basal respiration (SBR) and the soil CO 2 efflux. The microbiological attributes of the soil were more influenced by the season than by the AFS group. The BMS-C and SBR were higher in the dry season while the CO 2 efflux was higher during the rainy season. The similar values of the microbiological attributes between the evaluated systems indicate that AFS are efficient at incorporating carbon and maintaining the soil biological activity similar to that of native vegetation areas.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Soil Microbial Attributes Under Agroforestry Systems in the Cerrado of Minas Gerais","attachmentId":71873745,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56532818/Soil_Microbial_Attributes_Under_Agroforestry_Systems_in_the_Cerrado_of_Minas_Gerais","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56532818/Soil_Microbial_Attributes_Under_Agroforestry_Systems_in_the_Cerrado_of_Minas_Gerais"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="47453698" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47453698/Microbial_Carbon_Mineral_N_and_Soil_Nutrients_in_Indigenous_Agroforestry_Systems_and_Other_Land_Use_in_the_upper_Solim_and_245_es_Region_Western_Amazonas_State_Brazil">Microbial Carbon, Mineral-N and Soil Nutrients in Indigenous Agroforestry Systems and Other Land Use in the upper Solim&#245;es Region, Western Amazonas State, Brazil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="31769002" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SoniaAlfaia">Sonia Alfaia</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Agricultural Sciences</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Slash and burn cultivation systems carried out by many farmers in the Amazon region lead to changes in biogeochemical cycles of nutrients. To assess the extent of the impact of shifting cultivation on the soil in a floodplain portion of this region, samples of an Inceptisol surface layer (0 -5 cm) under primary forest (FP), secondary forest at an advanced stage of recovery (FS), secondary forest at an initial stage of recovery (CAP), agroforestry (SAF), plantations (RÇ) in indigenous communities and small farmers, and pasture (PAS) in the Upper Solimões region, Amazonas, were subjected to analysis of chemical composition during the wet (May) and dry (October) seasons, 2007. Soils were fertile with levels of P, K, Ca and Mg above those generally found in Amazon soils. Microbial content did not vary significantly in the systems studied in the wet season, but there was a reduction of around 60% with the change of season, except for soils with SAF. Ammonium nitrogen was predominant in all systems and seasons studied. Nitrate content was higher in RÇ soil, in two seasons, and lower in PAS. The type of management adopted by farmers in the region's indigenous agroforestry systems resulted in small changes in P, K, Mg, MBC and mineral-N levels, independent of soil moisture.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Microbial Carbon, Mineral-N and Soil Nutrients in Indigenous Agroforestry Systems and Other Land Use in the upper Solim\u0026#245;es Region, Western Amazonas State, Brazil","attachmentId":66538783,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/47453698/Microbial_Carbon_Mineral_N_and_Soil_Nutrients_in_Indigenous_Agroforestry_Systems_and_Other_Land_Use_in_the_upper_Solim_and_245_es_Region_Western_Amazonas_State_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/47453698/Microbial_Carbon_Mineral_N_and_Soil_Nutrients_in_Indigenous_Agroforestry_Systems_and_Other_Land_Use_in_the_upper_Solim_and_245_es_Region_Western_Amazonas_State_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="117141228" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/117141228/Microbial_Carbon_Mineral_N_and_Soil_Nutrients_in_Indigenous_Agroforestry_Systems_and_Other_Land_Use_in_the_upper_Solim%C3%B5es_Region_Western_Amazonas_State_Brazil">Microbial Carbon, Mineral-N and Soil Nutrients in Indigenous Agroforestry Systems and Other Land Use in the upper Solimões Region, Western Amazonas State, Brazil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34907761" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobertMiller53">Robert Miller</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Agricultural Sciences, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Slash and burn cultivation systems carried out by many farmers in the Amazon region lead to changes in biogeochemical cycles of nutrients. To assess the extent of the impact of shifting cultivation on the soil in a floodplain portion of this region, samples of an Inceptisol surface layer (0-5 cm) under primary forest (FP), secondary forest at an advanced stage of recovery (FS), secondary forest at an initial stage of recovery (CAP), agroforestry (SAF), plantations (RÇ) in indigenous communities and small farmers, and pasture (PAS) in the Upper Solimões region, Amazonas, were subjected to analysis of chemical composition during the wet (May) and dry (October) seasons, 2007. Soils were fertile with levels of P, K, Ca and Mg above those generally found in Amazon soils. Microbial content did not vary significantly in the systems studied in the wet season, but there was a reduction of around 60% with the change of season, except for soils with SAF. Ammonium nitrogen was predominant in all systems and seasons studied. Nitrate content was higher in RÇ soil, in two seasons, and lower in PAS. The type of management adopted by farmers in the region's indigenous agroforestry systems resulted in small changes in P, K, Mg, MBC and mineral-N levels, independent of soil moisture.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Microbial Carbon, Mineral-N and Soil Nutrients in Indigenous Agroforestry Systems and Other Land Use in the upper Solimões Region, Western Amazonas State, Brazil","attachmentId":113076348,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117141228/Microbial_Carbon_Mineral_N_and_Soil_Nutrients_in_Indigenous_Agroforestry_Systems_and_Other_Land_Use_in_the_upper_Solim%C3%B5es_Region_Western_Amazonas_State_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/117141228/Microbial_Carbon_Mineral_N_and_Soil_Nutrients_in_Indigenous_Agroforestry_Systems_and_Other_Land_Use_in_the_upper_Solim%C3%B5es_Region_Western_Amazonas_State_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="8819459" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8819459/Litter_decomposition_microbial_biomass_and_activity_of_soil_organisms_in_three_agroforestry_sites_in_central_Amazonia">Litter decomposition, microbial biomass and activity of soil organisms in three agroforestry sites in central Amazonia</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="19149438" href="https://cifor.academia.edu/ChristopherMartius">Christopher Martius</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2004</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Soil organisms play a central role in the decomposition of organic matter. The activity of soil organisms was comparatively examined in three experimental sites in central Amazonia (Brazil): a peach palm monoculture (Bactris gasipaes) a, rubber tree plantation (Hevea sp.), and an agroforestry system (four tree species planted in rows, the space between covered by upcoming secondary vegetation). The overall decomposition rates in the systems and the role of different groups of soil organisms (macrofauna, mesofauna, microflora) were studied with leaf litter (Vismia guianensis) enclosed in litter bags. Microbial respiration and biomass (SIR method) in litter and soil were measured (IRGA). Microbial respiration in all sites decreased in the gradient litter > topsoil (0–5 cm) > soil at 5–15 cm. The highest decomposition rate was always observed in the litter bags of coarse mesh size, pointing to the crucial role of the macrofauna in maintaining a high decomposition rate of the organic material in all systems. The Hevea (k = 3.4) and the Bactris plantation (k=3.1) both showed the highest decomposition rates, followed by the polyculture system (k=1.9). The Bactris plantation also had the highest level of microbial respiration and biomass in litter and soil. We discuss these findings in the light of data on rainfall, pH and canopy closure. They suggest that microclimate is a more important factor than biomass in determining litter decomposition rates and activity of soil organisms at these sites.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Litter decomposition, microbial biomass and activity of soil organisms in three agroforestry sites in central Amazonia","attachmentId":47991225,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/8819459/Litter_decomposition_microbial_biomass_and_activity_of_soil_organisms_in_three_agroforestry_sites_in_central_Amazonia","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/8819459/Litter_decomposition_microbial_biomass_and_activity_of_soil_organisms_in_three_agroforestry_sites_in_central_Amazonia"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="14416711" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14416711/Microbial_biomass_and_activity_in_canopy_organic_matter_and_the_forest_floor_of_a_tropical_cloud_forest">Microbial biomass and activity in canopy organic matter and the forest floor of a tropical cloud forest</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33357094" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NaliniNadkarni">Nalini Nadkarni</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1990</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In some tropical forests. organic matter derived from epiphytic plants accumulates as mats on tree branches. Microbial characteristics relating to the cycling of C and N were studied in this canopy organic matter (COM) and in the forest floor of a tropical montane forest in Costa Rica. COM was found to-have high microbial activity which was. in generai. similar to the forest floor H (FF-H) horizon. The concentration of microbial biomass C tias 2650. 2670 and 1950 UP P-' soil in COM. FF-H and FF-AI. respectively. Biomass N. laboratory CO: evolution and laboratory N mineralization were also higher or similar for COM relative to the forest Hoor. In contrast to the H and Al horizons of the forest floor. nitrification was not detectable or only very low in COM during laboratory and field incubations. The potential for denitrilication. as evidenced by the dtwline in added NO; relative to NH,' during laboratory incubation, was higher in the forest floor tPresent address: The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, 81 I South Palm Avenue. Sarasota. FA 34236. U.S.A. rarely been studied, organic matter held within the canopy may be an important component of the nutrient cycling characteristics of such forests by trapping and transforming nutrients that are deposited in mist, rain and plant litter.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Microbial biomass and activity in canopy organic matter and the forest floor of a tropical cloud forest","attachmentId":44163110,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/14416711/Microbial_biomass_and_activity_in_canopy_organic_matter_and_the_forest_floor_of_a_tropical_cloud_forest","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/14416711/Microbial_biomass_and_activity_in_canopy_organic_matter_and_the_forest_floor_of_a_tropical_cloud_forest"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="90912807" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/90912807/Soil_microbial_biomass_and_activity_under_natural_and_regenerated_forests_and_conventional_sugarcane_plantations_in_Brazil">Soil microbial biomass and activity under natural and regenerated forests and conventional sugarcane plantations in Brazil</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="245688017" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FabioFerreiradaSilva5">Fabio Ferreira da Silva</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Geoderma, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in soil microbial biomass and activity after the regeneration of deforested and cultivated soil in Brazil. Soil sampling was carried out in June and December 2007 (wet and dry seasons, respectively), at four areas, including: a native forest (NF), a 10 years old regenerated forest (RF10), a 20 years old regenerated forest (RF20) and a conventional sugarcane plantation (CL). Microbial biomass C, substrate-induced respiration and cellulase, saccharase, hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate and dehydrogenase activities were analyzed. The microbial variables varied significantly among different areas depending on the season. Usually, larger differences were observed in the RF10 than in others, in dry season, for soil microbial biomass C and enzyme activities. The multidimensional scaling analysis showed that the RF10 has distinct microbial and biochemical characteristics comparing with the other areas. In general form, microbial activity, as measured by enzyme activities, is higher in native forest and regenerated lands than in cropland.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Soil microbial biomass and activity under natural and regenerated forests and conventional sugarcane plantations in Brazil","attachmentId":94345017,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/90912807/Soil_microbial_biomass_and_activity_under_natural_and_regenerated_forests_and_conventional_sugarcane_plantations_in_Brazil","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/90912807/Soil_microbial_biomass_and_activity_under_natural_and_regenerated_forests_and_conventional_sugarcane_plantations_in_Brazil"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="88805833" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88805833/Consequences_of_forest_conversion_to_pasture_and_fallow_on_soil_microbial_biomass_and_activity_in_the_eastern_Amazon">Consequences of forest conversion to pasture and fallow on soil microbial biomass and activity in the eastern Amazon</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="241165565" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarleneJuarezSilva">Marlene Juarez - Silva</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Soil Use and Management, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The main change in soil use in Amazonia is, after slash and burn deforestation followed by annual crops, the establishment of pastures. This conversion of forest to pasture induces changes in the carbon cycle, modifies soil organic matter content and quality and affects biological activity responsible for numerous biochemical and biological processes essential to ecosystem functioning. The aim of this study was to assess changes in microbial biomass and activity in fallow and pasture soils after forest clearing. The study was performed in smallholder settlements of eastern Brazilian Amazonia. Soil samples from depths of 0-2, 2-5 and 5-10 cm were gathered in native forest, fallow land 8-10 yr old and pastures with ages of 1-2, 5-7 and 10-12 yr. Once fallow began, soil microbial biomass and its activity showed little change. In contrast, conversion to pasture modified soil microbial functioning significantly. Microbial biomass and its basal respiration decreased markedly after pasture establishment and continued to decrease with pasture age. The increase in metabolic quotient in the first years of pasture indicated a disturbance in soil functioning. Our study confirms that microbial biomass is a sensitive indicator of soil disturbance caused by land-use change.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Consequences of forest conversion to pasture and fallow on soil microbial biomass and activity in the eastern Amazon","attachmentId":92711493,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88805833/Consequences_of_forest_conversion_to_pasture_and_fallow_on_soil_microbial_biomass_and_activity_in_the_eastern_Amazon","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88805833/Consequences_of_forest_conversion_to_pasture_and_fallow_on_soil_microbial_biomass_and_activity_in_the_eastern_Amazon"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":107218579,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":107218579,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_107218579" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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