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Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="بولينيزيون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بولينيزيون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Палінезійцы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Палінезійцы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyn%C3%A9san%C3%A9" title="Polynésané – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Polynésané" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynesier" title="Polynesier – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Polynesier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%BCneeslased" title="Polüneeslased – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Polüneeslased" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblos_polin%C3%A9sicos" title="Pueblos polinésicos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblos polinésicos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polinezianoj" title="Polinezianoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Polinezianoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polinesiar" title="Polinesiar – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Polinesiar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="پلی‌نزیایی‌ها – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پلی‌نزیایی‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyn%C3%A9siens" title="Polynésiens – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Polynésiens" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polain%C3%A9isigh" title="Polainéisigh – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Polainéisigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%B4%EB%A6%AC%EB%84%A4%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" title="폴리네시아인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="폴리네시아인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%81_Polenekia" title="Nā Polenekia – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Nā Polenekia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Պոլինեզիացիներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պոլինեզիացիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="पॉलिनीशियाई लोग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पॉलिनीशियाई लोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polinezijski_narodi" title="Polinezijski narodi – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Polinezijski narodi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Polinesia" title="Orang Polinesia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Orang Polinesia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popoli_della_Polinesia" title="Popoli della Polinesia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Popoli della Polinesia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9D" title="פולינזים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פולינזים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="პოლინეზიელები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პოლინეზიელები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Полинезиялықтар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Полинезиялықтар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Полинезиялыктар – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Полинезиялыктар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polin%C4%93zie%C5%A1i" title="Polinēzieši – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Polinēzieši" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polinezie%C4%8Diai" title="Polineziečiai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Polineziečiai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polin%C3%A9zek" title="Polinézek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Polinézek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B4lineziana" title="Pôlineziana – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Pôlineziana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynesi%C3%ABrs" title="Polynesiërs – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Polynesiërs" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%AA%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E4%BA%BA" title="ポリネシア人 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ポリネシア人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynesiere" title="Polynesiere – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Polynesiere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polineziyaliklar" title="Polineziyaliklar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Polineziyaliklar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پولنشيايان – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پولنشيايان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polinezyjczycy" title="Polinezyjczycy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Polinezyjczycy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polin%C3%A9sios" title="Polinésios – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Polinésios" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Полинезийцы – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Полинезийцы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynesian_people" title="Polynesian people – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Polynesian people" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%86%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پۆلینیزییەکان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پۆلینیزییەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Полинежани – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Полинежани" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynesialaiset" title="Polynesialaiset – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Polynesialaiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="பாலினேசிய மக்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாலினேசிய மக்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ชาวพอลินีเชีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชาวพอลินีเชีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polinezyal%C4%B1lar" title="Polinezyalılar – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Polinezyalılar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%96" title="Полінезійці – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Полінезійці" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85" title="پالینیشیائی قوم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پالینیشیائی قوم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Polynesia" title="Người Polynesia – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Polynesia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BA%BA" title="波利尼西亚人 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="波利尼西亚人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Austronesian ethnolinguistic group</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Polynesians</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 3,200,000</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">New Zealand</th><td class="infobox-data">1,157,478<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">United States</th><td class="infobox-data">988,519<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Australia</th><td class="infobox-data">409,805</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 215,000<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></th><td class="infobox-data">192,342</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></th><td class="infobox-data">103,036</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></th><td class="infobox-data">17,683</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Canada</th><td class="infobox-data">10,760<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></th><td class="infobox-data">10,645<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9,399<sup id="cite_ref-Censo2017Chile_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Censo2017Chile-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_languages" title="Polynesian languages">Polynesian languages</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_language" title="Hawaiian language">Hawaiian</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_language" title="Rapa Nui language">Rapa Nui</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samoan_language" title="Samoan language">Samoan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tahitian_language" title="Tahitian language">Tahitian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tongan_language" title="Tongan language">Tongan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuvaluan_language" title="Tuvaluan language">Tuvaluan</a> and others), <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> (96.1%)<sup id="cite_ref-Christianity_in_Oceania_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christianity_in_Oceania-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Polynesian_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Polynesian narrative"> Polynesian mythology</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">other <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian peoples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Euronesian" title="Euronesian">Euronesians</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Polynesians</b> are an <a href="/wiki/Ethnolinguistic_group" title="Ethnolinguistic group">ethnolinguistic group</a> comprising closely related <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">ethnic groups</a> <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Oceania" title="Indigenous peoples of Oceania">native</a> to <a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a>, which encompasses the islands within the <a href="/wiki/Polynesian_Triangle" title="Polynesian Triangle">Polynesian Triangle</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>. They trace their early prehistoric origins to <a href="/wiki/Island_Southeast_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Southeast Asia">Island Southeast Asia</a> and are part of the larger <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian</a> ethnolinguistic group, with an <a href="/wiki/Urheimat" class="mw-redirect" title="Urheimat">Urheimat</a> in <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_aborigines" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese aborigines">Taiwan</a>. They speak the <a href="/wiki/Polynesian_languages" title="Polynesian languages">Polynesian languages</a>, a branch of the <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_languages" title="Oceanic languages">Oceanic subfamily</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_language_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian language family">Austronesian language family</a>. The Indigenous <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a> people form the largest Polynesian population,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> followed by <a href="/wiki/Samoans" title="Samoans">Samoans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Native_Hawaiians" title="Native Hawaiians">Native Hawaiians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tahitians" title="Tahitians">Tahitians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tongans" class="mw-redirect" title="Tongans">Tongans</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands_M%C4%81ori" title="Cook Islands Māori">Cook Islands Māori</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As of 2012<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polynesians&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, there were an estimated 2 million ethnic Polynesians (both full and part) worldwide. The vast majority either inhabit independent Polynesian nation-states (<a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a>) or form minorities in countries such as <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> (<a href="/wiki/Easter_Island" title="Easter Island">Easter Island</a>), <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> (<a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a>), and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a>), as well as in the <a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territory</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a>. New Zealand had the highest population of Polynesians, estimated at 110,000 in the 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Polynesians have acquired a reputation as great navigators, with their canoes reaching the most remote corners of the Pacific and allowing the settlement of islands as far apart as Hawaii, Rapanui (Easter Island), and Aotearoa (New Zealand).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The people of Polynesia accomplished this voyaging using ancient navigation skills, including reading stars, currents, clouds, and bird movements—skills that have been passed down through successive generations to the present day.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polynesians&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian peoples</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polynesia#History" title="Polynesia">Polynesia § History</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Polynesian_Migration.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Polynesian_Migration.svg/220px-Polynesian_Migration.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Polynesian_Migration.svg/330px-Polynesian_Migration.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Polynesian_Migration.svg/440px-Polynesian_Migration.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="551" /></a><figcaption>The Polynesian spread of <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Pacific_Islands" title="History of the Pacific Islands">colonization of the Pacific</a> throughout the so-called <a href="/wiki/Polynesian_Triangle" title="Polynesian Triangle">Polynesian Triangle</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Polynesians, including <a href="/wiki/Samoans" title="Samoans">Samoans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tongans" class="mw-redirect" title="Tongans">Tongans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niueans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islanders" title="Cook Islanders">Cook Islands Māori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tahitians" title="Tahitians">Tahitian Mā'ohi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hawaiians" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaiians">Hawaiian Māoli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marquesas_Islands" title="Marquesas Islands">Marquesans</a>, and <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">New Zealand Māori</a>, are a subset of the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian peoples</a>. They share the same origins as the indigenous peoples of <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_aborigines" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese aborigines">Taiwan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Maritime Southeast Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is supported by <a href="/wiki/DNA_evidence" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA evidence">genetic</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> linguistic<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and archaeological evidence.<sup id="cite_ref-Pietrusewsky_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pietrusewsky-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg/300px-Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg/450px-Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg/600px-Chronological_dispersal_of_Austronesian_people_across_the_Pacific.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1053" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption>Chronological dispersal of the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian peoples</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>There are <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples#Migration_from_Taiwan" title="Austronesian peoples">multiple hypotheses</a> regarding the ultimate origin and mode of dispersal of the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian peoples</a>, but the most widely accepted theory is that modern Austronesians originated from migrations out of <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_aborigines" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese aborigines">Taiwan</a> between 3000 and 1000 BC. Using relatively advanced maritime innovations such as the <a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">catamaran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Outrigger_boat" title="Outrigger boat">outrigger boats</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Crab_claw_sail" title="Crab claw sail">crab claw sails</a>, they rapidly colonized the islands of both the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific</a> oceans. They were the first humans to cross vast distances of water on ocean-going boats.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the popularity of rejected hypotheses, such as <a href="/wiki/Thor_Heyerdahl" title="Thor Heyerdahl">Thor Heyerdahl</a>'s belief that Polynesians are descendants of "bearded white men" who sailed on primitive rafts from <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Polynesians are believed to have originated from a branch of the Austronesian migrations in <a href="/wiki/Island_Melanesia" title="Island Melanesia">Island Melanesia</a>. </p><p>The direct ancestors of the Polynesians are believed to be the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> <a href="/wiki/Lapita_culture" title="Lapita culture">Lapita culture</a>. This group emerged in <a href="/wiki/Island_Melanesia" title="Island Melanesia">Island Melanesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a> around 1500 BC from a convergence of Austronesian migration waves, originating from both Island Southeast Asia to the west and an earlier Austronesian migration to Micronesia to the north. The culture was distinguished by dentate-stamped pottery. However, their eastward expansion halted when they reached the western Polynesian islands of <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a> by around 900 BC. This remained the furthest extent of the <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_expansion" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian expansion">Austronesian expansion</a> in the Pacific for approximately 1,500 years, during which the Lapita culture in these islands abruptly lost the technology of pottery-making for unknown reasons. They resumed their eastward migrations around 700 AD, spreading to the <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Marquesas" class="mw-redirect" title="Marquesas">Marquesas</a>. From here, they expanded further to <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> by 900 AD, <a href="/wiki/Easter_Island" title="Easter Island">Easter Island</a> by 1000 AD, and finally <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> by 1200 AD.<sup id="cite_ref-heath2017_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heath2017-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-carson2013_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carson2013-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genetic_studies">Genetic studies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polynesians&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Genetic studies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tahitian_warrior_dugouts,_Le_Costume_Ancien_et_Moderne_by_Giulio_Ferrario,_1827.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tahitian_warrior_dugouts%2C_Le_Costume_Ancien_et_Moderne_by_Giulio_Ferrario%2C_1827.jpg/220px-Tahitian_warrior_dugouts%2C_Le_Costume_Ancien_et_Moderne_by_Giulio_Ferrario%2C_1827.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tahitian_warrior_dugouts%2C_Le_Costume_Ancien_et_Moderne_by_Giulio_Ferrario%2C_1827.jpg/330px-Tahitian_warrior_dugouts%2C_Le_Costume_Ancien_et_Moderne_by_Giulio_Ferrario%2C_1827.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Tahitian_warrior_dugouts%2C_Le_Costume_Ancien_et_Moderne_by_Giulio_Ferrario%2C_1827.jpg/440px-Tahitian_warrior_dugouts%2C_Le_Costume_Ancien_et_Moderne_by_Giulio_Ferrario%2C_1827.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2232" data-file-height="1862" /></a><figcaption>1827 depiction of Tahitian <i><a href="/wiki/Pahi_(ship)" title="Pahi (ship)">pahi</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Catamaran" title="Catamaran">double-hulled</a> war canoes</figcaption></figure> <p>Analysis by Kayser <i>et al.</i> (2008) found that only 21% of the Polynesian autosomal gene pool is of <a href="/wiki/Australo-Melanesian" title="Australo-Melanesian">Australo-Melanesian</a> origin, with the remaining 79% being of Austronesian origin.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another study by Friedlaender <i>et al.</i> (2008) also confirmed that some Polynesians are genetically closer to <a href="/wiki/Micronesian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Micronesian people">Micronesians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Aborigines" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Aborigines">Taiwanese Aborigines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Islander_Southeast_Asians" class="mw-redirect" title="Islander Southeast Asians">Islander Southeast Asians</a>. The study concluded that Polynesians moved through Melanesia fairly rapidly, allowing only limited admixture between Austronesians and Papuans.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Polynesians predominantly belong to Haplogroup B (mtDNA), particularly to mtDNA B4a1a1 (the Polynesian motif). The high frequencies of mtDNA B4 in Polynesians are the result of genetic drift and represent the descendants of a few Austronesian females who mixed with Papuan males.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Polynesian population experienced a <a href="/wiki/Founder_effect" title="Founder effect">founder effect</a> and genetic drift due to the small number of ancestors.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of the founder effect, Polynesians are distinctively different both <a href="/wiki/Genotype" title="Genotype">genotypically</a> and <a href="/wiki/Phenotype" title="Phenotype">phenotypically</a> from the parent population, due to the establishment of a new population by a very small number of individuals from a larger population, which also causes a loss of genetic variation.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Soares <i>et al.</i> (2008) argued for an older pre-<a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a> <a href="/wiki/Sundaland" title="Sundaland">Sundaland</a> origin in <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asia" title="Maritime Southeast Asia">Island Southeast Asia</a> (ISEA) based on <a href="/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA" title="Mitochondrial DNA">mitochondrial DNA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "out of Taiwan" model was challenged by a study from Leeds University published in <i><a href="/wiki/Molecular_Biology_and_Evolution" title="Molecular Biology and Evolution">Molecular Biology and Evolution</a></i>. Examination of mitochondrial DNA lineages indicates that they have been evolving in ISEA for longer than previously believed. Ancestors of the Polynesians arrived in the <a href="/wiki/Bismarck_Archipelago" title="Bismarck Archipelago">Bismarck Archipelago</a> of Papua New Guinea at least 6,000 to 8,000 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2014 study by Lipson <i>et al.,</i> using <a href="/wiki/Whole_genome_sequencing" title="Whole genome sequencing">whole genome data</a>, supports the findings of Kayser <i>et al.</i> Modern Polynesians were shown to have lower levels of admixture with Australo-Melanesians than Austronesians in <a href="/wiki/Island_Melanesia" title="Island Melanesia">Island Melanesia</a>. Nonetheless, both groups show admixture, along with other Austronesian populations outside of Taiwan, indicating varying degrees of intermarriage between the incoming Neolithic Austronesian settlers and the preexisting <a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic</a> Australo-Melanesian populations of <a href="/wiki/Island_Southeast_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Southeast Asia">Island Southeast Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lipson2014_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lipson2014-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kayser,_M._2006_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kayser,_M._2006-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Studies from 2016 and 2017 also support the idea that the earliest Lapita settlers mostly bypassed New Guinea, coming directly from <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> or the northern <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>. The intermarriage and admixture with Australo-Melanesian <a href="/wiki/Papuans" class="mw-redirect" title="Papuans">Papuans</a> evident in the genetics of modern Polynesians (as well as Islander <a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesians</a>) occurred after the settlement of <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nat16_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nat16-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TT-Sup_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TT-Sup-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IB-Dec16_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IB-Dec16-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2020 study found that Polynesians and <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">the Indigenous peoples</a> of South America <a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_transoceanic_contact_theories" title="Pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories">came in contact</a> around 1200, centuries before Europeans interacted with either group.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="People">People</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polynesians&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: People"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Danse_des_femmes_dans_les_iles_Sandwich_(National_Library_of_New_Zealand).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Danse_des_femmes_dans_les_iles_Sandwich_%28National_Library_of_New_Zealand%29.jpg/220px-Danse_des_femmes_dans_les_iles_Sandwich_%28National_Library_of_New_Zealand%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Danse_des_femmes_dans_les_iles_Sandwich_%28National_Library_of_New_Zealand%29.jpg/330px-Danse_des_femmes_dans_les_iles_Sandwich_%28National_Library_of_New_Zealand%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Danse_des_femmes_dans_les_iles_Sandwich_%28National_Library_of_New_Zealand%29.jpg/440px-Danse_des_femmes_dans_les_iles_Sandwich_%28National_Library_of_New_Zealand%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2875" data-file-height="2095" /></a><figcaption><i>Female dancers of the Hawaii Islands</i> depicted by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Choris" title="Louis Choris">Louis Choris</a>, c. 1816</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paratene_Te_Manu,_by_Gottfried_Lindauer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Paratene_Te_Manu%2C_by_Gottfried_Lindauer.jpg/180px-Paratene_Te_Manu%2C_by_Gottfried_Lindauer.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Paratene_Te_Manu%2C_by_Gottfried_Lindauer.jpg/270px-Paratene_Te_Manu%2C_by_Gottfried_Lindauer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Paratene_Te_Manu%2C_by_Gottfried_Lindauer.jpg/360px-Paratene_Te_Manu%2C_by_Gottfried_Lindauer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1615" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>A portrait of <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a> man, by <a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Lindauer" title="Gottfried Lindauer">Gottfried Lindauer</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Samoan_%27ava_ceremony,_c._1900-1930_unknown_photographer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Samoan_%27ava_ceremony%2C_c._1900-1930_unknown_photographer.jpg/220px-Samoan_%27ava_ceremony%2C_c._1900-1930_unknown_photographer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Samoan_%27ava_ceremony%2C_c._1900-1930_unknown_photographer.jpg/330px-Samoan_%27ava_ceremony%2C_c._1900-1930_unknown_photographer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Samoan_%27ava_ceremony%2C_c._1900-1930_unknown_photographer.jpg/440px-Samoan_%27ava_ceremony%2C_c._1900-1930_unknown_photographer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="624" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kava" title="Kava">Kava</a> ('ava) makers (aumaga) of Samoa. A woman seated between two men with the round tanoa (or laulau) wooden bowl in front. Standing is a third man, distributor of the 'ava, holding the <a href="/wiki/Coconut_shell_cup" title="Coconut shell cup">coconut shell cup</a> (tauau) used for distributing the beverage.</figcaption></figure> <p>There are an estimated 2 million ethnic Polynesians and many of partial Polynesian descent worldwide, the majority of whom live in Polynesia, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand.<sup id="cite_ref-stuff_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stuff-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Polynesian peoples are listed below in their distinctive ethnic and cultural groupings, with estimates of the larger groups provided: </p><p><a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a>: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> (<span title="Māori-language text"><i lang="mi"><a href="/wiki/Aotearoa" title="Aotearoa">Aotearoa</a></i></span>) – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 892,200,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>(not including 170,057 residing in Australia,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> worldwide: c. 1,062,257)<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoans" title="Samoans">Samoans</a>: <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 249,000 (worldwide: <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 500,000–600,000, including the 109,000 residing in the US and 145,000 in New Zealand)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahitians" title="Tahitians">Tahitians</a> (Maohi): <a href="/wiki/Tahiti" title="Tahiti">Tahiti</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 178,000 (including multiracial: 250,000+)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiians" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaiians">Hawaiians</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 140,000 (including multiracial: 400,000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tongan people">Tongans</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 104,000 (worldwide: <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 300,000, including 43,465 residing in Australia, 67,221 in U.S.A, & 82,839 in New Zealand)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands_M%C4%81ori" title="Cook Islands Māori">Cook Islands Māori</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a> – 98,000+ (including 62,000 in New Zealand and 16,000 residing in Australia)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niuean_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niuean people (page does not exist)">Niueans</a>: <a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 20,000–25,000 (95% of whom live in New Zealand)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotumans" title="Rotumans">Rotumans</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rotuma" title="Rotuma">Rotuma</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 15,000–20,000 (5% reside on <a href="/wiki/Rotuma" title="Rotuma">Rotuma</a> Island, 75% live on mainland <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a> and 20% live elsewhere (specifically in Australia and New Zealand)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvaluan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuvaluan people">Tuvaluans</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 10,000 (+ 3,500 in New Zealand)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokelauan_people" title="Tokelauan people">Tokelauans</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1,500 (+ 6,500 in New Zealand)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuamotu_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuamotu people (page does not exist)">Tuamotu</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tuamotu_Archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuamotu Archipelago">Tuamotu Archipelago</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 16,000</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marquesas_Islanders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marquesas Islanders (page does not exist)">Marquesas Islanders</a>: <a href="/wiki/Marquesas_Islands" title="Marquesas Islands">Marquesas Islands</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 11,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapanui" class="mw-redirect" title="Rapanui">Rapanui</a>: <a href="/wiki/Easter_Island" title="Easter Island">Easter Island</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 5,000 (including mixtures and those living in Chile)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Austral_Islanders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Austral Islanders (page does not exist)">Austral Islanders</a>: <a href="/wiki/Austral_Islands" title="Austral Islands">Austral Islands</a> – ~7,000</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangareva_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mangareva people (page does not exist)">Mangareva</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gambier_Islands" title="Gambier Islands">Gambier Islands</a> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1,600</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moriori_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Moriori people">Moriori</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chatham_Islands" title="Chatham Islands">Chatham Islands</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/R%C4%93kohu" class="mw-redirect" title="Rēkohu">Rēkohu</a></i>) – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 738 (2013 New Zealand Census)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uvea_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uvea people (page does not exist)">Uvea</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Futuna_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Futuna people (page does not exist)">Futuna</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_outlier" title="Polynesian outlier">Polynesian outliers</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kapingamarangi" title="Kapingamarangi">Kapingamarangi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nukuoro" title="Nukuoro">Nukuoro</a>: <a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuguria" title="Nuguria">Nuguria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nukumanu" class="mw-redirect" title="Nukumanu">Nukumanu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Takuu" class="mw-redirect" title="Takuu">Takuu</a>: <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anuta" title="Anuta">Anuta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bellona_Island" title="Bellona Island">Bellona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontong_Java" class="mw-redirect" title="Ontong Java">Ontong Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rennel" class="mw-redirect" title="Rennel">Rennel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sikaiana" title="Sikaiana">Sikaiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tikopia" title="Tikopia">Tikopia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vaeakau-Taumako" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaeakau-Taumako">Vaeakau-Taumako</a>: <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emae" title="Emae">Emae</a>, Makata, <a href="/wiki/Mele_(island)" title="Mele (island)">Mele</a> (Erakoro, Eratapu), <a href="/wiki/Aniwa_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Aniwa Island">Aniwa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Futuna_Island,_Vanuatu" title="Futuna Island, Vanuatu">Futuna</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fagauvea" class="mw-redirect" title="Fagauvea">Fagauvea</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ouv%C3%A9a" title="Ouvéa">Ouvéa</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kioa" title="Kioa">Kioa</a> (Fiji Islands)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polynesians&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polynesia#History_of_the_Polynesian_people" title="Polynesia">History of the Polynesian people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_culture" title="Polynesian culture">Polynesian culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_languages" title="Polynesian languages">Polynesian languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_mythology" title="Polynesian mythology">Polynesian mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_Society" title="Polynesian Society">Polynesian Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander_Americans" title="Pacific Islander Americans">Pacific Islander Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander" title="Pacific Islander">Pacific Islander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_indigenous_peoples" title="Taiwanese indigenous peoples">Taiwanese indigenous peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Micronesian people">Micronesians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Malagasy people">Malagasy people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesians" title="Melanesians">Melanesians</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polynesians&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dol.govt.nz/publications/research/population-movement-pacific-perspective-future-prospects/05.asp">Population Movement in the Pacific: A Perspective on Future Prospects. Wellington: New Zealand Department of Labour</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130207215244/http://www.dol.govt.nz/publications/research/population-movement-pacific-perspective-future-prospects/05.asp">Archived</a> 7 February 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/09/2020-census-dhc-a-nhpi-population.html">"Chuukese and Papua New Guinean Populations Fastest Growing Pacific Islander Groups in 2020"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chuukese+and+Papua+New+Guinean+Populations+Fastest+Growing+Pacific+Islander+Groups+in+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Flibrary%2Fstories%2F2023%2F09%2F2020-census-dhc-a-nhpi-population.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolynesians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landfalls of Paradise: Cruising Guide to the Pacific Islands</i>, Earl R. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.stats.govt.nz&rft.atitle=M%C4%81ori+population+estimates%3A+At+30+June+2022+%7C+Stats+NZ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.govt.nz%2Finformation-releases%2Fmaori-population-estimates-at-30-june-2022%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DAt%252030%2520June%25202022%3A%2C447%2C800%2520females%2520identifying%2520as%2520M%25C4%2581ori&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolynesians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://profile.id.com.au/australia/ancestry?WebID=10">"Ancestry | Australia | Community profile"</a>. <i>profile.id.com.au</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=profile.id.com.au&rft.atitle=Ancestry+%7C+Australia+%7C+Community+profile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprofile.id.com.au%2Faustralia%2Fancestry%3FWebID%3D10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolynesians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/people-and-communities/cultural-diversity-census/latest-release">"Cultural diversity: Census, 2021 | Australian Bureau of Statistics"</a>. <i>www.abs.gov.au</i>. 12 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.abs.gov.au&rft.atitle=Cultural+diversity%3A+Census%2C+2021+%7C+Australian+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.date=2022-01-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abs.gov.au%2Fstatistics%2Fpeople%2Fpeople-and-communities%2Fcultural-diversity-census%2Flatest-release&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolynesians" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polynesians&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b>Archipelagos</b> : <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Austral_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Austral_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Austral_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Austral_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Austral_Islands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Austral_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Austral_Islands" title="Austral Islands">Austral Islands</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_the_Gambier_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Gambier_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_the_Gambier_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Gambier_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_the_Gambier_Islands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Gambier_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gambier_Islands" title="Gambier Islands">Gambier Islands</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Flag_of_Marquesas_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_Marquesas_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Flag_of_Marquesas_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_Marquesas_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Flag_of_Marquesas_Islands.svg/45px-Flag_of_Marquesas_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Marquesas_Islands" title="Marquesas Islands">Marquesas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_Islands" title="Society Islands">Society Islands</a> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_the_Leeward_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Leeward_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_the_Leeward_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Leeward_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_the_Leeward_Islands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Leeward_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="700" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Leeward_Islands_(Society_Islands)" title="Leeward Islands (Society Islands)">Leeward Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windward_Islands_(Society_Islands)" title="Windward Islands (Society Islands)">Windward Islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Tuamotu_Archipelago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tuamotu_Archipelago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Tuamotu_Archipelago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tuamotu_Archipelago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Tuamotu_Archipelago.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tuamotu_Archipelago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tuamotus" title="Tuamotus">Tuamotus Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia#History" title="French Polynesia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Marquesas" title="History of the Marquesas">Marquesas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesia#History_of_the_Polynesian_people" title="Polynesia">Polynesian people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tahiti" title="Kingdom of Tahiti">Kingdom of Tahiti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Tahiti" title="List of monarchs of Tahiti">Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C5%8Dmare_dynasty" title="Pōmare dynasty">Pōmare dynasty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bora_Bora" title="Kingdom of Bora Bora">Kingdom of Bora Bora</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Bora_Bora" title="List of monarchs of Bora Bora">Monarchs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Huahine" title="List of monarchs of Huahine">Monarchs of Huahine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Teururai" title="House of Teururai">House of Teururai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Raiatea" title="List of monarchs of Raiatea">Monarchs of Raiatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Tahitian_War" title="Franco-Tahitian War">Franco-Tahitian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarnac_Convention" title="Jarnac Convention">Jarnac Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_the_Leeward_Islands_by_France" title="Annexation of the Leeward Islands by France">Annexation of the Leeward Islands by France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardment_of_Papeete" title="Bombardment of Papeete">Bombardment of Papeete</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_French_Polynesia" title="Flag of French Polynesia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg/100px-Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg/150px-Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg/200px-Flag_of_French_Polynesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_French_Polynesia" title="Geography of French Polynesia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_French_Polynesia" title="Administrative divisions of French Polynesia">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_French_Polynesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of French Polynesia">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_French_Polynesia" title="List of cities in French Polynesia">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_French_Polynesia" title="List of volcanoes in French Polynesia">Volcanoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_French_Polynesia" title="Category:Fauna of French Polynesia">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_French_Polynesia" title="Politics of French Polynesia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_French_Polynesia" title="Elections in French Polynesia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_and_departmental_heads_of_French_Polynesia" title="List of colonial and departmental heads of French Polynesia">High Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_French_Polynesia" title="Assembly of French Polynesia">Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_French_Polynesia" title="List of political parties in French Polynesia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_French_Polynesia" title="President of French Polynesia">President</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_French_Polynesia" title="Economy of French Polynesia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CFP_franc" title="CFP franc">CFP franc <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_French_Polynesia" title="Telecommunications in French Polynesia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_French_Polynesia" title="Transport in French Polynesia">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia#Culture" title="French Polynesia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ia_Ora_%27O_Tahiti_Nui" title="Ia Ora 'O Tahiti Nui">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_French_Polynesia" title="Category:Culture of French Polynesia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_French_Polynesia" title="Coat of arms of French Polynesia">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dances_of_Tahiti" title="Category:Dances of Tahiti">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_French_Polynesia" title="Demographics of French Polynesia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_French_Polynesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in French Polynesia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_French_Polynesia" title="Flag of French Polynesia">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Languages_of_French_Polynesia" title="Category:Languages of French Polynesia">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_French_Polynesia" title="Music of French Polynesia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Tahiti_Nui" title="Order of Tahiti Nui">Order of Tahiti Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_mythology" title="Polynesian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Polynesians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Religion_in_French_Polynesia" title="Category:Religion in French Polynesia">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_French_Polynesia" title="Category:Sport in French Polynesia">Sports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_French_Polynesia" title="Outline of French Polynesia">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_French_Polynesia%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of French Polynesia–related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_Polynesia" title="Category:French Polynesia">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1042001#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1042001#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1042001#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00569153">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Polynésané"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph731437&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007563254405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10642517">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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