CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Chivalric sagas - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"5de93c39-95e4-4046-9ae7-a7c9754d2f95","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Chivalric_sagas","wgTitle":"Chivalric sagas","wgCurRevisionId":1255359696,"wgRevisionId":1255359696,"wgArticleId":9741015,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 German-language sources (de)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Commons category link from Wikidata","Chivalric sagas"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Chivalric_sagas","wgRelevantArticleId":9741015,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia", "wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q339991","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={ "ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth", "ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/HakonTheOldAndSkule-Flateyjarbok_crop.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1780"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/HakonTheOldAndSkule-Flateyjarbok_crop.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1187"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="950"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Chivalric sagas - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chivalric_sagas"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chivalric_sagas"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Chivalric_sagas rootpage-Chivalric_sagas skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Chivalric+sagas" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Chivalric+sagas" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Chivalric+sagas" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Chivalric+sagas" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Terminology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terminology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Terminology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terminology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Translations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Translations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Original_compositions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Original_compositions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Original compositions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Original_compositions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-medieval_reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-medieval_reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Post-medieval reception</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-medieval_reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Post-medieval reception subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Post-medieval_reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Modern_scholarship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_scholarship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Modern scholarship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_scholarship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_chivalric_sagas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_chivalric_sagas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>List of chivalric sagas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_chivalric_sagas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of chivalric sagas subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_chivalric_sagas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Translated_into_Old_Norse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translated_into_Old_Norse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Translated into Old Norse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translated_into_Old_Norse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Composed_in_Icelandic_during_the_Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composed_in_Icelandic_during_the_Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Composed in Icelandic during the Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composed_in_Icelandic_during_the_Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Composed_in_Icelandic_after_the_Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composed_in_Icelandic_after_the_Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Composed in Icelandic after the Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composed_in_Icelandic_after_the_Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chivalric sagas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagas_caballerescas" title="Sagas caballerescas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sagas caballerescas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagas_de_cabaler%C3%ADa" title="Sagas de cabalería – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sagas de cabalería" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riddaras%C3%B6gur" title="Riddarasögur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Riddarasögur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saghe_cavalleresche" title="Saghe cavalleresche – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Saghe cavalleresche" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riddersagaene" title="Riddersagaene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Riddersagaene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ritarisaagat" title="Ritarisaagat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ritarisaagat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riddarsagor" title="Riddarsagor – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Riddarsagor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q339991#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Chivalric_sagas" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Chivalric_sagas" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Chivalric_sagas"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Chivalric_sagas"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Chivalric_sagas" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Chivalric_sagas" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&oldid=1255359696" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Chivalric_sagas&id=1255359696&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FChivalric_sagas"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FChivalric_sagas"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Chivalric_sagas&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chivalric_sagas" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q339991" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Norse prose sagas of the romance genre</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HakonTheOldAndSkule-Flateyjarbok_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/HakonTheOldAndSkule-Flateyjarbok_crop.jpg/220px-HakonTheOldAndSkule-Flateyjarbok_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/HakonTheOldAndSkule-Flateyjarbok_crop.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="275" data-file-height="408" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Haakon_IV_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Haakon IV of Norway">Haakon IV of Norway</a>, as portrayed in <a href="/wiki/Flateyjarb%C3%B3k" title="Flateyjarbók">Flateyjarbók</a>; A key patron of chivalric sagas.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <i><b>riddarasögur</b></i> (literally 'sagas of knights', also known in English as 'chivalric sagas', 'romance-sagas', 'knights' sagas', 'sagas of chivalry') are Norse prose <a href="/wiki/Norse_saga" class="mw-redirect" title="Norse saga">sagas</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Romance_(heroic_literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance (heroic literature)">romance genre</a>. Starting in the thirteenth century with Norse translations of French <i><a href="/wiki/Chansons_de_geste" class="mw-redirect" title="Chansons de geste">chansons de geste</a></i> and Latin romances and histories, the genre expanded in Iceland to indigenous creations in a similar style. </p><p>While the <i>riddarasögur</i> were widely read in Iceland for many centuries they have traditionally been regarded as popular literature inferior in artistic quality to the <a href="/wiki/Icelanders%27_sagas" class="mw-redirect" title="Icelanders' sagas">Icelanders' sagas</a> and other indigenous genres. Receiving little attention from scholars of <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_literature" title="Old Norse literature">Old Norse literature</a>, many remain untranslated. </p><p>The production of chivalric sagas in Scandinavia was focused on Norway in the thirteenth century and then Iceland in the fourteenth. Vernacular Danish and Swedish romances came to prominence rather later and were generally in verse; the most famous of these are the <a href="/wiki/Eufemiavisorna" title="Eufemiavisorna">Eufemiavisorna</a>, themselves predominantly translations of Norwegian translations of Continental European romances. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>riddarasögur</i> (singular <i>riddarasaga</i>) occurs in <i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1gus_saga_jarls" title="Mágus saga jarls">Mágus saga jarls</a></i> where there is a reference to "Frásagnir...svo sem...Þiðreks saga, Flóvenz saga eðr aðrar riddarasögur", "narratives such as the saga of Þiðrekr, the saga of Flóvent, or other knights' sagas".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlauser2005372_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlauser2005372-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another technical term sometimes encountered is <i>lygisögur</i> (singular <i>lygisaga</i>), "lie sagas", applied to fictional chivalric and <a href="/wiki/Legendary_saga" title="Legendary saga">legendary sagas</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Translations">Translations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first known Old Norse translations of European romances occurred under the patronage of king <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1kon_H%C3%A1konarson" class="mw-redirect" title="Hákon Hákonarson">Hákon Hákonarson</a> of Norway, and seem to have been part of a programme of Europeanisation. The earliest dated work is a 1226 translation by one <a href="/wiki/Brother_Robert" title="Brother Robert">Brother Robert</a> of <i>Tristan</i> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_of_Britain" title="Thomas of Britain">Thomas of Britain</a>. The Old Norse work, <i>Tristrams saga ok Ísöndar</i>, is especially valuable since the original Old French poem is only preserved in fragments. <i>Elis saga ok Rósamundu</i>, a translation of <i>Elie de Saint Gille</i>, is similarly attributed to an Abbot Robert, presumably the same man having been promoted within his order. King Hákon also commissioned <i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6ttuls_saga" title="Möttuls saga">Möttuls saga</a></i>, an adaptation of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_mantel_mautaill%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Le mantel mautaillé (page does not exist)">Le mantel mautaillé</a></i>, <i>Ívens saga</i>, a reworking of <a href="/wiki/Chr%C3%A9tien_de_Troyes" title="Chrétien de Troyes">Chrétien de Troyes</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Yvain,_le_Chevalier_au_Lion" class="mw-redirect" title="Yvain, le Chevalier au Lion">Yvain</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Strengleikar" title="Strengleikar">Strengleikar</a></i>, a collection of ballads principally by <a href="/wiki/Marie_de_France" title="Marie de France">Marie de France</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENaess199334_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENaess199334-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Works in similar style, which may also have been commissioned by King Hákon, are <i>Parcevals saga</i>, <i>Valvens þáttr</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Erex_saga" title="Erex saga">Erex saga</a></i>, all derived from the works of Chrétien de Troyes. <i><a href="/wiki/Karlamagn%C3%BAs_saga" title="Karlamagnús saga">Karlamagnús saga</a></i> is a compilation of more disparate origin, dealing with <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> and his twelve paladins and drawing on historiographical material as well as chansons de geste. Other works believed to derive from French originals are <i>Bevers saga</i>, <i>Flóres saga ok Blankiflúr</i>, <i>Flóvents saga</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Partalopa_saga" title="Partalopa saga">Partalopa saga</a></i>. </p><p>Pseudo-historical works translated from Latin are <i><a href="/wiki/Alexanders_saga" title="Alexanders saga">Alexanders saga</a></i> (a translation of <i><a href="/wiki/Alexandreis" title="Alexandreis">Alexandreis</a></i>), <i><a href="/wiki/Amis_et_Amiles" title="Amis et Amiles">Amícus saga ok Amilíus</a></i> (based on <a href="/wiki/Vincent_of_Beauvais" title="Vincent of Beauvais">Vincent of Beauvais</a>'s <i>Speculum historiale</i>), <i><a href="/wiki/Breta_s%C3%B6gur" title="Breta sögur">Breta sögur</a></i> (a translation of <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i>), and <i><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%B3jumanna_saga" title="Trójumanna saga">Trójumanna saga</a></i> (a translation of <i><a href="/wiki/De_excidio_Troiae" class="mw-redirect" title="De excidio Troiae">De excidio Troiae</a></i>). Also pseudo-historical, <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ei%C3%B0reks_saga_af_Bern" class="mw-redirect" title="Þiðreks saga af Bern">Þiðreks saga af Bern</a></i> is unusual in having been translated from German.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENaess199334_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENaess199334-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These Old Norse translations have been characterised by Margaret Clunies Ross thus: </p> <dl><dd>The Old Norse term <i>riddarasaga</i> ... covers what were a number of genres in Latin, French and Anglo-Norman, but common to all of them are their courtly setting, their interest in kingship, and their concerns with the ethics of chivalry and courtly love. It seems, however, from a comparison between the French originals and the Old Norse translations of courtly romances, such as Chrétien de Troyes' <i>Erec et Enide</i> (<i>Erex saga</i>), <i>Yvain</i> (<i>Ívens saga</i>) and <i>Perceval</i> (<i>Parcevals saga</i> and <i>Velvens þáttr</i>), that the translators who supplied King Hákon's court and others in Norway and Iceland who enjoyed such sagas offered an independent rewriting of their sources. It is notable that they did not convey a number of key aspects of Chrétien's somewhat ironic perspective on courtly society. This may well be because most of the translators were probably clerics, but it is also likely to reflect traditional Norse tastes and narrative conventions. In particular, most elements of explicit eroticism have been deleted from the <i>riddarasögur</i>, as have much comedy and irony in the treatment of the protagonists' behaviour. Instead, the narratives are largely exemplary and didactic, in large part because the Scandinavian translators refrained from using two essential narrative devices of their sources, namely the internal monologue, which conveyed the private thoughts and feelings of the characters, and the intrusive involvement of the narrator, which was a vehicle for conveying a nuanced and often ironic point of view.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Original_compositions">Original compositions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Original compositions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Inspired by translated Continental romances, Icelanders began enthusiastically composing their own romance-sagas, apparently around the later thirteenth century, with the genre flourishing from the fourteenth century. The rise of the genre has been associated with Iceland coming under Norwegian rule in the 1260s, and the consequent need for Icelandic ecclesiastical and secular elites to explore Icelanders' new identities as vassals to a king. These new political formations particularly affected the marriage market for elite Icelanders, making gender politics a central theme of many romances.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One seminal composition, directly or indirectly influential on many subsequent sagas, seems to have been <i><a href="/wiki/Kl%C3%A1ri_saga" title="Klári saga">Klári saga</a></i>, whose prologue states that it was translated from a Latin metrical work which <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3n_Halld%C3%B3rsson_(bishop)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jón Halldórsson (bishop)">Jón Halldórsson</a> <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Sk%C3%A1lholt" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Skálholt">Bishop of Skálholt</a> found in France, but which is now thought to have been composed by Jón from scratch.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jón's work seems to have been one of the inspirations for the fourteenth-century <a href="/wiki/North_Icelandic_Benedictine_School" title="North Icelandic Benedictine School">North Icelandic Benedictine School</a> which, while most clearly associated with religious writing, also seems to have involved romance-writing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-medieval_reception">Post-medieval reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Post-medieval reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chivalric sagas remained in widespread manuscript circulation in Iceland into the twentieth century.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were often reworked as <i><a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADmur" title="Rímur">rímur</a></i>, and new chivalric sagas in the same mould as medieval ones continued to be composed into the nineteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDriscoll1997_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDriscoll1997-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Particularly during the eighteenth century, some chivalric sagas were taken to be useful historical sources for the history of Sweden and Denmark, underpinning their imperial aspirations, and were printed in these countries. One prominent example is <a href="/wiki/Erik_Julius_Bi%C3%B6rner" class="mw-redirect" title="Erik Julius Biörner">Erik Julius Biörner's</a> <i>Nordiska kämpa dater</i> of 1737.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_scholarship">Modern scholarship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Modern scholarship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most comprehensive guide to the manuscripts, editions, translations, and secondary literature of this body of sagas is Kalinke and Mitchell's 1985 <i>Bibliography of Old Norse-Icelandic Romances</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalinkeMitchell1985_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalinkeMitchell1985-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The genre received a fairly substantial survey in <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Schlauch" title="Margaret Schlauch">Margaret Schlauch's</a> 1934 <i>Romance in Iceland</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> since when the main monograph studies of the genre have been Astrid van Nahl's <i>Originale Riddarasögur als Teil altnordischer Sagaliteratur</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrg_Glauser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürg Glauser (page does not exist)">Jürg Glauser's</a> <i>Isländische Märchensagas</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marianne_Kalinke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marianne Kalinke (page does not exist)">Marianne Kalinke's</a> <i>Bridal-Quest Romance in Medieval Iceland</i>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geraldine_Barnes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geraldine Barnes (page does not exist)">Geraldine Barnes's</a> <i>The Bookish Riddarasögur</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_chivalric_sagas">List of chivalric sagas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: List of chivalric sagas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translated_into_Old_Norse">Translated into Old Norse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Translated into Old Norse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kalinke and Mitchell's <i>Bibliography of Old Norse-Icelandic Romances</i> lists the following translated <i>riddarasögur</i>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalinkeMitchell1985_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalinkeMitchell1985-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alexanders_saga" title="Alexanders saga">Alexanders saga</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Alexandreis" title="Alexandreis">Alexandreis</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%ADcus_saga_ok_Amil%C3%ADus" title="Amícus saga ok Amilíus">Amícus saga ok Amilíus</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Vincent_of_Beauvais" title="Vincent of Beauvais">Vincent of Beauvais's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Speculum_historiale" class="mw-redirect" title="Speculum historiale">Speculum historiale</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bevis_saga" class="mw-redirect" title="Bevis saga">Bevis saga</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Bevis_of_Hampton" title="Bevis of Hampton">Boeve de Haumtone</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breta_s%C3%B6gur" title="Breta sögur">Breta sögur</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Elis saga ok Rósamundu</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Elie_de_Saint-Gille" class="mw-redirect" title="Elie de Saint-Gille">Elie de Saint-Gille</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Erex_saga" title="Erex saga">Erex saga</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Erec_and_Enide" title="Erec and Enide">Érec et Énide</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%B3res_saga_ok_Blankifl%C3%BAr" title="Flóres saga ok Blankiflúr">Flóres saga ok Blankiflúr</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Floris_and_Blancheflour" title="Floris and Blancheflour">Floire et Blanchiflor</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Flóvents saga</i> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Floovant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Floovant (page does not exist)">Floovant</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dvens_saga" class="mw-redirect" title="Ívens saga">Ívens saga</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Yvain,_the_Knight_of_the_Lion" title="Yvain, the Knight of the Lion">Yvain, le Chevalier au Lion</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karlamagn%C3%BAs_saga" title="Karlamagnús saga">Karlamagnús saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6ttuls_saga" title="Möttuls saga">Möttuls saga</a></i> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_mantel_mautaill%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La mantel mautaillé (page does not exist)">La mantel mautaillé</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Pamphilus ok Galathea</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Pamphilus_de_amore" title="Pamphilus de amore">Pamphilus de amore</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Parcevals saga</i> and <i>Valvens þáttr</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Perceval,_the_Story_of_the_Grail" title="Perceval, the Story of the Grail">Perceval, le Conte du Graal</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Partalopa_saga" title="Partalopa saga">Partalopa saga</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Partonopeus_de_Blois" title="Partonopeus de Blois">Partonopeus de Blois</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strengleikar" title="Strengleikar">Strengleikar</a></i> <ul><li><i>Forræða</i> 'prologue'</li> <li><i>Bisclaretz ljóð</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Bisclavret" title="Bisclavret">Bisclavret</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Chetovel</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Chaitivel" title="Chaitivel">Chaitivel</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Desire</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Desir%C3%A9" title="Desiré">Desiré</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Douns ljóð</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Doon_(lai)" title="Doon (lai)">Doon</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Eskja</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Le_Fresne_(lai)" title="Le Fresne (lai)">Le Fresne (lai)</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Equitan</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Equitan" title="Equitan">Equitan</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Geitarlauf</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Chevrefoil" title="Chevrefoil">Chevrefoil</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Grelent</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Graelent" title="Graelent">Graelent</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Guiamars ljóð</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Guigemar" title="Guigemar">Guigemar</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guruns_lj%C3%B3%C3%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guruns ljóð (page does not exist)">Guruns ljóð</a></i> (source unknown)</li> <li><i>Januals ljóð</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Lanval" title="Lanval">Lanval</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Jonet</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Yonec" title="Yonec">Yonec</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Laustik</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/La%C3%BCstic" title="Laüstic">Laüstic</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Leikara ljóð</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Lecheor" title="Lecheor">Lecheor</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Milun</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Milun" title="Milun">Milun</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Naboreis</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Nabaret" title="Nabaret">Nabaret</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ricar_hinn_gamli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ricar hinn gamli (page does not exist)">Ricar hinn gamli</a></i> (source unknown)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strandar_lj%C3%B3%C3%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strandar ljóð (page does not exist)">Strandar ljóð</a></i> (source unknown)</li> <li><i>Tidorel</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Tydorel" title="Tydorel">Tydorel</a></i>)</li> <li><i>Tveggja elskanda ljóð</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Les_Deux_Amants" title="Les Deux Amants">Les Deux Amants</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tveggia_elskanda_strengleikr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tveggia elskanda strengleikr (page does not exist)">Tveggia elskanda strengleikr</a></i> (source unknown)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ti%C3%B3dels_saga" title="Tiódels saga">Tiódels saga</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Bisclavret" title="Bisclavret">Bisclavret</a></i>, via <i>Bisclaretz ljóð</i>)</li> <li><i>Tristrams saga ok Ísöndar</i> (<a href="/wiki/Thomas_of_Britain" title="Thomas of Britain">Thomas of Britain's</a> <i>Tristan</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%B3jumanna_saga" title="Trójumanna saga">Trójumanna saga</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/De_excidio_Troiae" class="mw-redirect" title="De excidio Troiae">De excidio Troiae</a></i>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composed_in_Icelandic_during_the_Middle_Ages">Composed in Icelandic during the Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Composed in Icelandic during the Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following is a probably complete list of original medieval Icelandic chivalric sagas.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalinkeMitchell1985_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalinkeMitchell1985-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adonias_saga" title="Adonias saga">Adonias saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%81la_flekks_saga" title="Ála flekks saga">Ála flekks saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%B3mstrvallasaga" title="Blómstrvallasaga">Blómstrvallasaga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A6rings_saga" title="Bærings saga">Bærings saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1musta_saga" title="Dámusta saga">Dámusta saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C3%ADnus_saga_drambl%C3%A1ta" title="Dínus saga drambláta">Dínus saga drambláta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drauma-J%C3%B3ns_saga" title="Drauma-Jóns saga">Drauma-Jóns saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ectors_saga" title="Ectors saga">Ectors saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%B3res_saga_konungs_(svarta)_ok_sona_hans" title="Flóres saga konungs (svarta) ok sona hans">Flóres saga konungs ok sona hans</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gibbons_saga" title="Gibbons saga">Gibbons saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grega_saga" title="Grega saga">Grega saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hrings_saga_ok_Tryggva" title="Hrings saga ok Tryggva">Hrings saga ok Tryggva</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jarlmanns_saga_ok_Hermanns" title="Jarlmanns saga ok Hermanns">Jarlmanns saga ok Hermanns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3ns_saga_leikara" title="Jóns saga leikara">Jóns saga leikara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kirialax_saga" title="Kirialax saga">Kirialax saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kl%C3%A1ri_saga" title="Klári saga">Klári saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Konr%C3%A1%C3%B0s_saga_keisarasonar" title="Konráðs saga keisarasonar">Konráðs saga keisarasonar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1gus_saga_jarls" title="Mágus saga jarls">Mágus saga jarls</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melk%C3%B3lfs_saga_ok_Solomons_konungs" title="Melkólfs saga ok Solomons konungs">Melkólfs saga ok Solomons konungs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADrmans_saga" title="Mírmans saga">Mírmans saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nitida_saga" title="Nitida saga">Nítíða saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nikul%C3%A1s_saga_leikara" title="Nikulás saga leikara">Nikulás saga leikara</a></i></li> <li><i>Reinalds saga</i> (now lost, known only from <i>Reinalds rímur og Rósu</i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9mundar_saga_keisarasonar" title="Rémundar saga keisarasonar">Rémundar saga keisarasonar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samsons_saga_fagra" title="Samsons saga fagra">Samsons saga fagra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saulus_saga_ok_Nikanors" title="Saulus saga ok Nikanors">Saulus saga ok Nikanors</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sigrgar%C3%B0s_saga_fr%C5%93kna" title="Sigrgarðs saga frœkna">Sigrgarðs saga frœkna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sigrgar%C3%B0s_saga_ok_Valbrands" title="Sigrgarðs saga ok Valbrands">Sigrgarðs saga ok Valbrands</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sigur%C3%B0ar_saga_f%C3%B3ts" title="Sigurðar saga fóts">Sigurðar saga fóts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigur%C3%B0ar_saga_turnara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigurðar saga turnara (page does not exist)">Sigurðar saga turnara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigur%C3%B0ar_saga_%C3%BE%C3%B6gla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigurðar saga þögla (page does not exist)">Sigurðar saga þögla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tristrams_saga_ok_%C3%8Dsoddar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tristrams saga ok Ísoddar (page does not exist)">Tristrams saga ok Ísoddar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valdimars_saga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valdimars saga (page does not exist)">Valdimars saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viktors_saga_ok_Bl%C3%A1vus" title="Viktors saga ok Blávus">Viktors saga ok Blávus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vilhj%C3%A1lms_saga_sj%C3%B3%C3%B0s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vilhjálms saga sjóðs (page does not exist)">Vilhjálms saga sjóðs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vilmundar_saga_vi%C3%B0utan" title="Vilmundar saga viðutan">Vilmundar saga viðutan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ejalar-J%C3%B3ns_saga" title="Þjalar-Jóns saga">Þjalar-Jóns saga</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composed_in_Icelandic_after_the_Middle_Ages">Composed in Icelandic after the Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Composed in Icelandic after the Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Romance sagas continued to be composed in Iceland after the Middle Ages in the tradition of the medieval texts; ten are believed to have been penned, for example, by the priest <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3n_Oddsson_Hjaltal%C3%ADn" title="Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín">Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín</a> (1749-1835).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDriscoll19976,_35_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDriscoll19976,_35-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are thought to be about 150 post-medieval examples.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDriscoll19976,_35_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDriscoll19976,_35-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following is an incomplete list: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amleth" title="Amleth">Ambales saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fimmbr%C3%A6%C3%B0ra_saga" title="Fimmbræðra saga">Fimmbræðra saga</a></i> (by Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jasonar_saga_bjarta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jasonar saga bjarta (page does not exist)">Jasonar saga bjarta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Bern%C3%B3tus_Borneyjarkappa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Bernótus Borneyjarkappa (page does not exist)">Sagan af Bernótus Borneyjarkappa</a></i> (by Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Hinriki_heilr%C3%A1%C3%B0a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Hinriki heilráða (page does not exist)">Sagan af Hinriki heilráða</a></i> (by Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Ketlerus_keisaraefni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Ketlerus keisaraefni (page does not exist)">Sagan af Ketlerus keisaraefni</a></i> (by Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_M%C3%A1na_fr%C3%B3%C3%B0a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Mána fróða (page does not exist)">Sagan af Mána fróða</a></i> (by Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Marroni_sterka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Marroni sterka (page does not exist)">Sagan af Marroni sterka</a></i> (by Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Natoni_pers%C3%ADska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Natoni persíska (page does not exist)">Sagan af Natoni persíska</a></i> (by Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Reimari_keisara_og_Fal_hinum_sterka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Reimari keisara og Fal hinum sterka (page does not exist)">Sagan af Reimari keisara og Fal hinum sterka</a></i> (by Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_R%C3%ADgabal_og_Alkanusi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Rígabal og Alkanusi (page does not exist)">Sagan af Rígabal og Alkanusi</a></i> (by Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarpidons_saga_sterka" title="Sarpidons saga sterka">Sarpidons saga sterka</a></i> (by Jón Oddsson Hjaltalín)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Alfhams_saga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Úlfhams saga (page does not exist)">Úlfhams saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Alfs_saga_Uggasonar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Úlfs saga Uggasonar (page does not exist)">Úlfs saga Uggasonar</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGlauser2005372-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGlauser2005372_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGlauser2005">Glauser 2005</a>, p. 372.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENaess199334-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENaess199334_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENaess199334_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNaess1993">Naess 1993</a>, p. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Margaret Clunies Ross, <i>The Cambridge Introduction to the Old Norse-Icelandic Saga</i> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), p. 81.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jóhanna Katrín Friðriksdóttir, <i>Women in Old Norse Literature: Bodies, Words, and Power</i> (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013), esp. pp. 5, 116.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFShaun_F._D._Hughes2008" class="citation book cs1">Shaun F. D. Hughes (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cip.cornell.edu/DPubS?service=UI&version=1.0&verb=Display&handle=cul.isl/1242914143">"<i>Klári saga</i> as an Indigenous Romance"</a>. In Kirsten Wolf; Johanna Denzin (eds.). <i>Romance and Love in Late Medieval and Early Modern Iceland</i>. Islandica. Vol. 54. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Library. pp. 135–164.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kl%C3%A1ri+saga+as+an+Indigenous+Romance&rft.btitle=Romance+and+Love+in+Late+Medieval+and+Early+Modern+Iceland&rft.place=Ithaca%2C+NY&rft.series=Islandica&rft.pages=135-164&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Library&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Shaun+F.+D.+Hughes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcip.cornell.edu%2FDPubS%3Fservice%3DUI%26version%3D1.0%26verb%3DDisplay%26handle%3Dcul.isl%2F1242914143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChivalric+sagas" class="Z3988"></span>; cf. Marianne Kalinke, 'Clári saga: A Case of Low German Infiltration', Scripta Islandica: Isländska sällskapets ärbok, 59 (2008), pp. 5-25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHallParsons2013" class="citation journal cs1">Hall, Alaric; Parsons, Katelin (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.16995%2Fdm.51">"Making Stemmas with Small Samples, and Digital Approaches to Publishing them: Testing the Stemma of Konráðs saga keisarasonar"</a>. <i>Digital Medievalist</i>. <b>9</b>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.16995%2Fdm.51">10.16995/dm.51</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Digital+Medievalist&rft.atitle=Making+Stemmas+with+Small+Samples%2C+and+Digital+Approaches+to+Publishing+them%3A+Testing+the+Stemma+of+Konr%C3%A1%C3%B0s+saga+keisarasonar&rft.volume=9&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.16995%2Fdm.51&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Alaric&rft.au=Parsons%2C+Katelin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.16995%252Fdm.51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChivalric+sagas" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDriscoll1997-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDriscoll1997_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDriscoll1997">Driscoll 1997</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Erik Julius Biörner, <i>Nordiska kämpa dater: I en sagoflock samlade om forna kongar och hjältar. Volumen historicum, continens variorum in orbe hyperboreo antiquo regum, heroum et pugilum res praeclare et mirabiliter gestas. Accessit praeter conspectum genealogicum Suethicorum regum et reginarum accuratissimum etiam praefatio &c.</i> (Stockholm: Typis Joh. L. Horrn, 1737).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKay_Busch2002" class="citation thesis cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kay Busch (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-fau/frontdoor/index/index/docId/45"><i>Grossmachtstatus und Sagainterpretation - die schwedischen Vorzeitsagaeditionen des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts</i></a> (PhD thesis) (in German). Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Grossmachtstatus+und+Sagainterpretation+-+die+schwedischen+Vorzeitsagaeditionen+des+17.+und+18.+Jahrhunderts&rft.inst=Friedrich-Alexander-Universit%C3%A4t+Erlangen-N%C3%BCrnberg&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Kay+Busch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopus4.kobv.de%2Fopus4-fau%2Ffrontdoor%2Findex%2Findex%2FdocId%2F45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChivalric+sagas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKalinkeMitchell1985-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalinkeMitchell1985_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalinkeMitchell1985_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKalinkeMitchell1985_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKalinkeMitchell1985">Kalinke & Mitchell 1985</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Margaret Schlauch, <i>Romance in Iceland</i> (London: Allen & Unwin, 1934).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Astrid van Nahl, <i>Originale Riddarasögur als Teil altnordischer Sagaliteratur</i>, Europäische Hochschulschriften, series 1, 447 (Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1981); Jürg Glauser, <i>Isländische Märchensagas: Studien zur Prosaliteratur im spätmittelalterlichen Island</i>, Beiträge zue nordischen Philologie, 12 (Basel: Helbing & Lichtenhahn, 1983); (<a href="#CITEREFKalinke1990">Kalinke 1990</a>); Geraldine Barnes, <i>The Bookish Riddarasögur: Writing Romance in Late Mediaeval Iceland</i>, The Viking Collection, 21 ([Odense]: University Press of Southern Denmark, 2014).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDriscoll19976,_35-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDriscoll19976,_35_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDriscoll19976,_35_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDriscoll1997">Driscoll 1997</a>, pp. 6, 35.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chivalric_sagas" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chivalric sagas">Chivalric sagas</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://germanicmythology.com/FORNALDARSAGAS/RIDDARASOGURMAIN.html">Riddarasögur: Texts, Translations, and Scholarship</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://heimskringla.no/wiki/Riddarasǫgur">Chivalric tales in old Norse at Heimskringla.no</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDriscoll1997" class="citation book cs1">Driscoll, Matthew (1997). <i>The Unwashed Children of Eve: The Production, Dissemination and Reception of Popular Literature in Post-Reformation Iceland</i>. Enfield Lock: Hisarlik Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Unwashed+Children+of+Eve%3A+The+Production%2C+Dissemination+and+Reception+of+Popular+Literature+in+Post-Reformation+Iceland&rft.place=Enfield+Lock&rft.pub=Hisarlik+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Driscoll&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChivalric+sagas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Driscoll, Matthew (2005). "Late Prose Fiction (lygisögur)" in <i>A Companion to Old Norse-Icelandic Literature and Culture</i> pp. 190–204. Blackwell Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-631-23502-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-631-23502-7">0-631-23502-7</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlauser2005" class="citation book cs1">Glauser, Jürg (2005). "Romance" [riddarasögur]. <i>A Companion to Old Norse-Icelandic Literature and Culture</i>. Blackwell Publishing. pp. 372–387. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-631-23502-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-631-23502-7"><bdi>0-631-23502-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Romance&rft.btitle=A+Companion+to+Old+Norse-Icelandic+Literature+and+Culture&rft.pages=372-387&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-631-23502-7&rft.aulast=Glauser&rft.aufirst=J%C3%BCrg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChivalric+sagas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalinke1990" class="citation book cs1">Kalinke, Marianne E. (1990). <i>Bridal-Quest Romance in Medieval Iceland</i>. Islandica. Vol. 46. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bridal-Quest+Romance+in+Medieval+Iceland&rft.place=Ithaca%2C+N.Y.&rft.series=Islandica&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Kalinke&rft.aufirst=Marianne+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChivalric+sagas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKalinkeMitchell1985" class="citation book cs1">Kalinke, Marianne E.; Mitchell, P. M. (1985). <i>Bibliography of Old Norse–Icelandic Romances</i>. Islandica. Vol. 44. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bibliography+of+Old+Norse%E2%80%93Icelandic+Romances&rft.place=Ithaca&rft.series=Islandica&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Kalinke&rft.aufirst=Marianne+E.&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+P.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChivalric+sagas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnete_Loth" title="Agnete Loth">Loth, Agnete</a> (1962-5). <i>Late medieval Icelandic romances</i> (5 vols.) Den Arnamagnæanske Komission. Copenhagen.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKünzler2016" class="citation book cs1">Künzler, Sarah (2016). <i>Flesh and word: reading bodies in old norse-icelandic and early irish literature</i>. De Gruyter.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flesh+and+word%3A+reading+bodies+in+old+norse-icelandic+and+early+irish+literature&rft.pub=De+Gruyter&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=K%C3%BCnzler&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChivalric+sagas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNaess1993" class="citation book cs1">Naess, Harald S. (1993). <i>A History of Norwegian Literature</i>. University of Nebraska Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8032-3317-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8032-3317-5"><bdi>0-8032-3317-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Norwegian+Literature&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-8032-3317-5&rft.aulast=Naess&rft.aufirst=Harald+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChivalric+sagas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>O'Connor, Ralph J. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abdn.ac.uk/staffpages/uploads/his221/history-or-fiction.pdf">History or fiction? Truth-claims and defensive narrators in Icelandic romance-sagas</a>." In: <i>Mediaeval Scandinavia</i> 15 (2005): pp. 101-169.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRasmussen2004" class="citation journal cs1">Rasmussen, Elizabeth (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180602174550/https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/meta/2004-v49-n3-meta816/009382ar/">"Translation in Medieval and Reformation Norway: A History of Stories or the Story of History"</a>. <i>Meta: Journal des traducteurs / Meta: Translators' Journal</i>. <b>49</b> (3): 629–645. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7202%2F009382ar">10.7202/009382ar</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0026-0452">0026-0452</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/meta/2015-v60-n3-meta816/009382ar/">the original</a> on 2 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meta%3A+Journal+des+traducteurs+%2F+Meta%3A+Translators%27+Journal&rft.atitle=Translation+in+Medieval+and+Reformation+Norway%3A+A+History+of+Stories+or+the+Story+of+History&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=629-645&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7202%2F009382ar&rft.issn=0026-0452&rft.aulast=Rasmussen&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.erudit.org%2Ffr%2Frevues%2Fmeta%2F2015-v60-n3-meta816%2F009382ar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChivalric+sagas" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chivalric_sagas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chivalric_sagas" title="Template:Chivalric sagas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Chivalric_sagas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Chivalric sagas (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chivalric_sagas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chivalric sagas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chivalric_sagas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chivalric sagas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Translated sagas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alexanders_saga" title="Alexanders saga">Alexanders saga </a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%ADcus_saga_ok_Amil%C3%ADus" title="Amícus saga ok Amilíus">Amícus saga ok Amilíus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bevis_saga" class="mw-redirect" title="Bevis saga">Bevis saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breta_s%C3%B6gur" title="Breta sögur">Breta sögur</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elis_saga_ok_R%C3%B3samundu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elis saga ok Rósamundu (page does not exist)">Elis saga ok Rósamundu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Erex_saga" title="Erex saga">Erex saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%B3res_saga_ok_Blankifl%C3%BAr" title="Flóres saga ok Blankiflúr">Flóres saga ok Blankiflúr</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fl%C3%B3vents_saga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flóvents saga (page does not exist)">Flóvents saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dvens_saga" class="mw-redirect" title="Ívens saga">Ívens saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karlamagn%C3%BAs_saga" title="Karlamagnús saga">Karlamagnús saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6ttuls_saga" title="Möttuls saga">Möttuls saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pamphilus_ok_Galathea" class="mw-redirect" title="Pamphilus ok Galathea">Pamphilus ok Galathea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parcevals_saga_and_Valvens_%C3%BE%C3%A1ttr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parcevals saga and Valvens þáttr (page does not exist)">Parcevals saga and Valvens þáttr </a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Partalopa_saga" title="Partalopa saga">Partalopa saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strengleikar" title="Strengleikar">Strengleikar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ti%C3%B3dels_saga" title="Tiódels saga">Tiódels saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tristrams_saga_ok_%C3%8Ds%C3%B6ndar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tristrams saga ok Ísöndar">Tristrams saga ok Ísöndar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%B3jumanna_saga" title="Trójumanna saga">Trójumanna saga </a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Original compositions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adonias_saga" title="Adonias saga">Adonias saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%81la_flekks_saga" title="Ála flekks saga">Ála flekks saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%B3mstrvallasaga" title="Blómstrvallasaga">Blómstrvallasaga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A6rings_saga" title="Bærings saga">Bærings saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1musta_saga" title="Dámusta saga">Dámusta saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C3%ADnus_saga_drambl%C3%A1ta" title="Dínus saga drambláta">Dínus saga drambláta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drauma-J%C3%B3ns_saga" title="Drauma-Jóns saga">Drauma-Jóns saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ectors_saga" title="Ectors saga">Ectors saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%B3res_saga_konungs_(svarta)_ok_sona_hans" title="Flóres saga konungs (svarta) ok sona hans">Flóres saga konungs ok sona hans</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gibbons_saga" title="Gibbons saga">Gibbons saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grega_saga" title="Grega saga">Grega saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hrings_saga_ok_Tryggva" title="Hrings saga ok Tryggva">Hrings saga ok Tryggva</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jarlmanns_saga_ok_Hermanns" title="Jarlmanns saga ok Hermanns">Jarlmanns saga ok Hermanns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3ns_saga_leikara" title="Jóns saga leikara">Jóns saga leikara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kirialax_saga" title="Kirialax saga">Kirialax saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kl%C3%A1ri_saga" title="Klári saga">Klári saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Konr%C3%A1%C3%B0s_saga_keisarasonar" title="Konráðs saga keisarasonar">Konráðs saga keisarasonar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1gus_saga_jarls" title="Mágus saga jarls">Mágus saga jarls</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melk%C3%B3lfs_saga_ok_Solomons_konungs" title="Melkólfs saga ok Solomons konungs">Melkólfs saga ok Solomons konungs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADrmans_saga" title="Mírmans saga">Mírmans saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nitida_saga" title="Nitida saga">Nítíða saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nikul%C3%A1s_saga_leikara" title="Nikulás saga leikara">Nikulás saga leikara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinalds_r%C3%ADmur_og_R%C3%B3su&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinalds rímur og Rósu (page does not exist)">Reinalds saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9mundar_saga_keisarasonar" title="Rémundar saga keisarasonar">Rémundar saga keisarasonar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samsons_saga_fagra" title="Samsons saga fagra">Samsons saga fagra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saulus_saga_ok_Nikanors" title="Saulus saga ok Nikanors">Saulus saga ok Nikanors</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sigrgar%C3%B0s_saga_fr%C5%93kna" title="Sigrgarðs saga frœkna">Sigrgarðs saga frœkna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sigrgar%C3%B0s_saga_ok_Valbrands" title="Sigrgarðs saga ok Valbrands">Sigrgarðs saga ok Valbrands</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sigur%C3%B0ar_saga_f%C3%B3ts" title="Sigurðar saga fóts">Sigurðar saga fóts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigur%C3%B0ar_saga_turnara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigurðar saga turnara (page does not exist)">Sigurðar saga turnara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigur%C3%B0ar_saga_%C3%BE%C3%B6gla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigurðar saga þögla (page does not exist)">Sigurðar saga þögla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tristrams_saga_ok_%C3%8Dsoddar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tristrams saga ok Ísoddar (page does not exist)">Tristrams saga ok Ísoddar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valdimars_saga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valdimars saga (page does not exist)">Valdimars saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viktors_saga_ok_Bl%C3%A1vus" title="Viktors saga ok Blávus">Viktors saga ok Blávus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vilhj%C3%A1lms_saga_sj%C3%B3%C3%B0s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vilhjálms saga sjóðs (page does not exist)">Vilhjálms saga sjóðs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vilmundar_saga_vi%C3%B0utan" title="Vilmundar saga viðutan">Vilmundar saga viðutan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ejalar-J%C3%B3ns_saga" title="Þjalar-Jóns saga">Þjalar-Jóns saga</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-medieval sagas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amleth" title="Amleth">Ambales saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fimmbr%C3%A6%C3%B0ra_saga" title="Fimmbræðra saga">Fimmbræðra saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jasonar_saga_bjarta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jasonar saga bjarta (page does not exist)">Jasonar saga bjarta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Bern%C3%B3tus_Borneyjarkappa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Bernótus Borneyjarkappa (page does not exist)">Sagan af Bernótus Borneyjarkappa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Hinriki_heilr%C3%A1%C3%B0a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Hinriki heilráða (page does not exist)">Sagan af Hinriki heilráða</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Ketlerus_keisaraefni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Ketlerus keisaraefni (page does not exist)">Sagan af Ketlerus keisaraefni</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_M%C3%A1na_fr%C3%B3%C3%B0a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Mána fróða (page does not exist)">Sagan af Mána fróða</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Marroni_sterka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Marroni sterka (page does not exist)">Sagan af Marroni sterka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Natoni_pers%C3%ADska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Natoni persíska (page does not exist)">Sagan af Natoni persíska</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_Reimari_keisara_og_Fal_hinum_sterka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Reimari keisara og Fal hinum sterka (page does not exist)">Sagan af Reimari keisara og Fal hinum sterka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagan_af_R%C3%ADgabal_og_Alkanusi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagan af Rígabal og Alkanusi (page does not exist)">Sagan af Rígabal og Alkanusi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sarpidons_saga_sterka" title="Sarpidons saga sterka">Sarpidons saga sterka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Alfhams_saga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Úlfhams saga (page does not exist)">Úlfhams saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Alfs_saga_Uggasonar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Úlfs saga Uggasonar (page does not exist)">Úlfs saga Uggasonar</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other saga genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishops%27_sagas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishops' sagas">Bishops' sagas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_sagas" title="Contemporary sagas">Contemporary sagas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings%27_sagas" title="Kings' sagas">Kings' sagas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legendary_sagas" class="mw-redirect" title="Legendary sagas">Legendary sagas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagas_of_Icelanders" title="Sagas of Icelanders">Sagas of Icelanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints%27_sagas" title="Saints' sagas">Saints' sagas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%A1ttr" title="Þáttr">Short tales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&oldid=1255359696">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&oldid=1255359696</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chivalric_sagas" title="Category:Chivalric sagas">Chivalric sagas</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 4 November 2024, at 14:58<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chivalric_sagas&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6dfcdd5ff5-f978r","wgBackendResponseTime":133,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.451","walltime":"0.609","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1766,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":36786,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1652,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":46423,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 495.732 1 -total"," 25.71% 127.477 1 Template:Reflist"," 21.84% 108.259 7 Template:Cite_book"," 19.91% 98.694 1 Template:Chivalric_sagas"," 19.16% 94.986 1 Template:Navbox"," 17.93% 88.882 1 Template:Commons_category"," 17.54% 86.954 1 Template:Sister_project"," 17.12% 84.885 1 Template:Side_box"," 14.36% 71.188 1 Template:Short_description"," 11.00% 54.531 9 Template:Sfn"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.288","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7320244,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFDriscoll1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlauser2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHallParsons2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKalinke1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKalinkeMitchell1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKay_Busch2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKünzler2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNaess1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRasmussen2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShaun_F._D._Hughes2008\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Chivalric sagas\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 7,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite thesis\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Harv\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 1,\n [\"Open access\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 9,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-6bd4c644cc-5vv2f","timestamp":"20241203085247","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Chivalric sagas","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chivalric_sagas","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q339991","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q339991","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-02-26T23:45:35Z","dateModified":"2024-11-04T14:58:41Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b5\/HakonTheOldAndSkule-Flateyjarbok_crop.jpg","headline":"genre of Norse prose saga"}</script> </body> </html>