CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Swan song - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"800d80d0-bc18-4d63-a6d0-c9203b864020","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Swan_song","wgTitle":"Swan song","wgCurRevisionId":1276385121,"wgRevisionId":1276385121,"wgArticleId":410604,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from January 2021","Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text","Articles containing Latin-language text","Legends","Swans","Bird sounds","Clytemnestra","Cassandra"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Swan_song","wgRelevantArticleId":410604,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true, "wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1509918","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth", "ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.18"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1453"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="969"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg/640px-Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="775"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Swan song - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swan_song"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swan_song"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Swan_song rootpage-Swan_song skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Swan+song" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Swan+song" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Swan+song" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Swan+song" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Origin_and_description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin_and_description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Origin and description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origin_and_description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ornithological_accuracy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ornithological_accuracy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ornithological accuracy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ornithological_accuracy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_cultural_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_cultural_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Later cultural references</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Later_cultural_references-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Later cultural references subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Later_cultural_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Idiomatic_usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Idiomatic_usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Idiomatic usage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Idiomatic_usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Swan song</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swanesang" title="Swanesang – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Swanesang" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%BA%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%B9%D8%A9" title="أغنية البجعة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أغنية البجعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labut%C3%AD_p%C3%ADse%C5%88" title="Labutí píseň – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Labutí píseň" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svanesang" title="Svanesang – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Svanesang" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwanengesang" title="Schwanengesang – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schwanengesang" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canto_del_cisne" title="Canto del cisne – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Canto del cisne" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cignokanto" title="Cignokanto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cignokanto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D9%82%D9%88" title="آواز قو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آواز قو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chant_du_cygne" title="Chant du cygne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chant du cygne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%AB_%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Կարապի երգ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կարապի երգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagu_angsa" title="Lagu angsa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lagu angsa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canto_del_cigno" title="Canto del cigno – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Canto del cigno" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8" title="שירת הברבור – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שירת הברבור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oloris_cantus" title="Oloris cantus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Oloris cantus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatty%C3%BAdal_(legenda)" title="Hattyúdal (legenda) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hattyúdal (legenda)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwanenzang_(uitdrukking)" title="Zwanenzang (uitdrukking) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zwanenzang (uitdrukking)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E9%B3%A5%E3%81%AE%E6%AD%8C" title="白鳥の歌 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="白鳥の歌" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svanesang" title="Svanesang – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Svanesang" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svanesong" title="Svanesong – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Svanesong" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canto_do_cisne" title="Canto do cisne – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Canto do cisne" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F_(%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC)" title="Лебединая песня (фразеологизм) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лебединая песня (фразеологизм)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ABnga_e_mjellm%C3%ABs" title="Kënga e mjellmës – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kënga e mjellmës" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joutsenlaulu" title="Joutsenlaulu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Joutsenlaulu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svanes%C3%A5ng" title="Svanesång – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Svanesång" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swan_song" title="Swan song – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Swan song" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8F_(%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2)" title="Лебедина пісня (вислів) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лебедина пісня (вислів)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC_%DB%81%D9%86%D8%B3_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="راج ہنس گیت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="راج ہنس گیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%B9%85%E7%BB%9D%E5%94%B1" title="天鹅绝唱 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="天鹅绝唱" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1509918#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Swan_song" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Swan_song" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Swan_song"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Swan_song"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Swan_song" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Swan_song" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&oldid=1276385121" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Swan_song&id=1276385121&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSwan_song"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSwan_song"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Swan_song&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Swan_Song" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1509918" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Final gesture or effort</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Swan_song_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Swan song (disambiguation)">Swan song (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg/220px-Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg/330px-Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg/440px-Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="644" data-file-height="780" /></a><figcaption><i>The Singing Swan</i> (1655) by <a href="/wiki/Reinier_van_Persijn" title="Reinier van Persijn">Reinier van Persijn</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>swan song</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">κύκνειον ᾆσμα</span>; <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">carmen cygni</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor">metaphorical</a> phrase for a final gesture, effort, or performance given just before <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">death</a> or <a href="/wiki/Retirement" title="Retirement">retirement</a>. The phrase refers to an ancient belief that <a href="/wiki/Swan" title="Swan">swans</a> sing a beautiful song just before their death while they have been silent (or alternatively not so musical) for most of their lifetime.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The belief, whose basis has been long debated, had become proverbial in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greece</a> by the 3rd century BC and was reiterated many times in later <a href="/wiki/Western_culture" title="Western culture">Western</a> poetry and art.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESword1992316_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESword1992316-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In reality, swans learn a variety of sounds throughout their lifetime; their sounds are more distinguishable during courting rituals and not correlated with death. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin_and_description">Origin and description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin and description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, the swan was a bird consecrated to <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>, and it was therefore considered a symbol of harmony and beauty and its limited capabilities as a singer were <a href="/wiki/Sublime_(philosophy)" title="Sublime (philosophy)">sublimated</a> to those of <a href="/wiki/Songbird" title="Songbird">songbirds</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Aesop" title="Aesop">Aesop</a>'s fable of "<a href="/wiki/The_Swan_and_the_Goose" title="The Swan and the Goose">The Swan and the Goose</a>" incorporates the swan song legend as saving its life when it was caught by mistake instead of the goose but was recognized by its song.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a subsequent reference in <a href="/wiki/Aeschylus" title="Aeschylus">Aeschylus</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/Agamemnon_(play)" class="mw-redirect" title="Agamemnon (play)">Agamemnon</a></i> from 458 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that play, <a href="/wiki/Clytemnestra" title="Clytemnestra">Clytemnestra</a> compares the dead <a href="/wiki/Cassandra" title="Cassandra">Cassandra</a> to a swan who has "sung her last lament".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Phaedo" title="Phaedo">Phaedo</a></i>, the character of <a href="/wiki/Socrates" title="Socrates">Socrates</a> says that, although swans sing in early life, they do not do so as beautifully as before they die. He adds that there is a popular belief that the swans' song is sorrowful, but Socrates prefers to think that they sing for joy, having "foreknowledge of the blessings in the other world".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> noted in his <i><a href="/wiki/History_of_Animals" title="History of Animals">History of Animals</a></i> that swans "are musical, and sing chiefly at the approach of death".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the third century BC the belief had become a proverb.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149–153_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149–153-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Brazil,_Mark_2003_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brazil,_Mark_2003-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a> mentions the legend in "The Story of Picus and Canens":<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>In tears she poured out words with a faint voice,<br /> lamenting her sad woe, as when the swan<br /> about to die sings a funereal dirge. </p> </div></blockquote><p>It is also possible that the swan song has some connection to the lament of <a href="/wiki/Cycnus_of_Liguria" class="mw-redirect" title="Cycnus of Liguria">Cycnus of Liguria</a> at the death of his lover, <a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaethon</a>, the ambitious and headstrong son of <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clymene_(mother_of_Phaethon)" title="Clymene (mother of Phaethon)">Clymene</a>. The name Cycnus is the Latinised form of the Greek, which means "swan". <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a> proposes in his <i>Fabulae</i> that the mournful Cycnus, who is transformed into a swan by the gods, joins the dirge of the amber-crying poplars, the <a href="/wiki/Heliades" title="Heliades">Heliades</a>, the half-sisters of the dead Phaethon, who also experienced a metamorphosis at the death of the reckless Phaethon.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ornithological_accuracy">Ornithological accuracy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ornithological accuracy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most familiar European swan, the <a href="/wiki/Mute_swan" title="Mute swan">mute swan</a> (<i>Cygnus olor</i>), although not actually mute, is known neither for musicality nor to vocalize as it dies. This has led some to criticize swan song beliefs since antiquity, one of the earliest<sup id="cite_ref-Arnott,_W._Geoffrey_2007_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arnott,_W._Geoffrey_2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> being <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>: in CE 77, <i><a href="/wiki/Pliny%27s_Natural_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Pliny's Natural History">Natural History</a></i> (book 10, chapter xxxii: <i>olorum morte narratur flebilis cantus, falso, ut arbitror, aliquot experimentis</i>), states: "observation shows that the story that the dying swan sings is false." Peterson et al. note that <i>Cygnus olor</i> is "not mute but lacks bugling call, merely honking, grunting, and hissing on occasion."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the <a href="/wiki/Whooper_swan" title="Whooper swan">whooper swan</a> (<i>Cygnus cygnus</i>), a winter visitor to parts of the eastern Mediterranean, possesses a 'bugling' call, and has been noted for issuing a drawn-out series of notes as its lungs collapse upon expiry, both being a consequence of an additional tracheal loop within its sternum. This was proposed by naturalist <a href="/wiki/Peter_Pallas" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Pallas">Peter Pallas</a> as the basis for the legend. Both mute and whooper swans appear to be represented in ancient Greek and Egyptian art.<sup id="cite_ref-Brazil,_Mark_2003_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brazil,_Mark_2003-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Arnott,_W._Geoffrey_2007_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arnott,_W._Geoffrey_2007-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The whooper swan's nearest relatives, the <a href="/wiki/Trumpeter_swan" title="Trumpeter swan">trumpeter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tundra_swan" title="Tundra swan">tundra swans</a>, share its musical tracheal loop. Zoologist <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Giraud_Elliot" title="Daniel Giraud Elliot">D.G. Elliot</a> reported in 1898 that a tundra swan he had shot and wounded in flight began a long glide down whilst issuing a series of "plaintive and musical" notes that "sounded at times like the soft running of the notes of an octave".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_cultural_references">Later cultural references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Later cultural references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The notion that swans sing a final song before dying continued to influence Western culture into the early modern era. For instance, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Chaucer" title="Geoffrey Chaucer">Chaucer</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Parlement_of_Foules" title="Parlement of Foules">Parlement of Foules</a></i> contains a reference to "the Ialous swan, ayens his deth that singeth [the jealous swan, that sings at his death]".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a> also mentioned the legend in his notebooks: "The swan is white without spot, and it sings sweetly as it dies, that song ending its life."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant_of_Venice" title="The Merchant of Venice">The Merchant of Venice</a></i>, Portia exclaims "Let music sound while he doth make his choice; / Then, if he lose, he makes a swan-like end, / Fading in music."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, in <i><a href="/wiki/Othello" title="Othello">Othello</a></i>, the dying Emilia exclaims, "I will play the swan, / And die in music."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A well-known <a href="/wiki/Madrigal_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrigal (music)">madrigal</a> by <a href="/wiki/Orlando_Gibbons" title="Orlando Gibbons">Orlando Gibbons</a>, "<a href="/wiki/The_Silver_Swan_(song)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Silver Swan (song)">The Silver Swan</a>", states the legend thus: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>The silver Swan, who living had no Note,<br /> when Death approached, unlocked her silent throat.<br /> Leaning her breast against the reedy shore,<br /> thus sang her first and last, and sang no more:<br /> "Farewell, all joys! O Death, come close mine eyes!<br /> "More Geese than Swans now live, more Fools than Wise."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFellowes1914i_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFellowes1914i-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <p>Other poets who have taken inspiration from the legend include <a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Lord_Tennyson" title="Alfred, Lord Tennyson">Alfred, Lord Tennyson</a>, whose poem "The Dying Swan" is a poetic evocation of the "wild swan's death-hymn";<sup id="cite_ref-tennyson_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tennyson-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESword1992316_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESword1992316-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sturge_Moore" title="Thomas Sturge Moore">Thomas Sturge Moore</a>'s poem of the same name;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESword1992316_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESword1992316-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Samuel Taylor Coleridge</a>, who quipped: "Swans sing before they die— 't were no bad thing / Should certain persons die before they sing."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Idiomatic_usage">Idiomatic usage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Idiomatic usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The phrase "swan song" has also taken on a metaphorical sense, referring to the final work of a creative artist, especially when produced shortly before death, or more generally to any final performance or accomplishment.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, <i><a href="/wiki/Schwanengesang" title="Schwanengesang">Schwanengesang</a></i> (<i>Swan Song</i>) is the title of a posthumously published collection of songs by <a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Franz Schubert</a>, written at the end of his life. It is the title usually given to <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Schuetz" class="mw-redirect" title="Heinrich Schuetz">Heinrich Schuetz</a>' Opus 13 from 1671, the year before he died. The term is often applied in a similar way to the works of modern musicians, such as <a href="/wiki/David_Bowie" title="David Bowie">David Bowie</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Blackstar_(album)" title="Blackstar (album)">Blackstar</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Cash" title="Johnny Cash">Johnny Cash</a>'s rendition of <i><a href="/wiki/Hurt_(Nine_Inch_Nails_song)" title="Hurt (Nine Inch Nails song)">Hurt</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/J_Dilla" title="J Dilla">J Dilla's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Donuts_(album)" title="Donuts (album)">Donuts</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Queen_(band)" title="Queen (band)">Queen</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Innuendo_(song)" title="Innuendo (song)">Innuendo</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Nirvana_(band)" title="Nirvana (band)">Nirvana</a>'s rendition of <i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Pines" title="In the Pines">Where Did You Sleep Last Night</a></i>. </p><p>A dramatic or notable achievement by an athlete just prior to their retirement, such as baseball player <a href="/wiki/Derek_Jeter" title="Derek Jeter">Derek Jeter</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_baseball_(W)#walk-off_win" class="mw-redirect" title="Glossary of baseball (W)">walk-off hit</a> in his final game at <a href="/wiki/Yankee_Stadium" title="Yankee Stadium">Yankee Stadium</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> might also be referred to as their "swan song". An example, in the <a href="/wiki/Film_industry" title="Film industry">film industry</a>, is represented by "<a href="/wiki/The_Last_Movie_Star" title="The Last Movie Star">The Last Movie Star</a>", <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a> referred to the film as <a href="/wiki/Burt_Reynolds" title="Burt Reynolds">Burt Reynolds's</a> "swan song".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film was one of Reynolds's last film projects, and he died several months after the film's release.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_poem" title="Death poem">Death poem</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArnott1977">Arnott 1977</a>, pp. 149.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESword1992316-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESword1992316_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESword1992316_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESword1992316_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSword1992">Sword 1992</a>, p. 316.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAesop1998" class="citation book cs1">Aesop (1998). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completefables00aeso/page/126/mode/2up"><i>The Complete Fables</i></a></span>. Penguin Classics. p. 127. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-044649-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-044649-4"><bdi>0-14-044649-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Fables&rft.pages=127&rft.pub=Penguin+Classics&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-14-044649-4&rft.au=Aesop&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcompletefables00aeso%2Fpage%2F126%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAeschylus" class="citation web cs1">Aeschylus. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0004%3Acard%3D1431">"Agamemnon"</a>. Perseus Digital Library. Lines 1444–5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210909205311/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0004:card%3D1431">Archived</a> from the original on 9 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Agamemnon&rft.pages=Lines+1444-5.&rft.pub=Perseus+Digital+Library&rft.au=Aeschylus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.01.0004%253Acard%253D1431&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPlato" class="citation web cs1">Plato. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0170%3Atext%3DPhaedo%3Asection%3D84e">"Phaedo"</a>. Perseus Digital Library. 84e–85b. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210909205313/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0170:text%3DPhaedo:section%3D84e">Archived</a> from the original on 9 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Phaedo&rft.pages=84e-85b&rft.pub=Perseus+Digital+Library&rft.au=Plato&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.01.0170%253Atext%253DPhaedo%253Asection%253D84e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAristotle1910" class="citation book cs1">Aristotle (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historiaanimaliu00aris_0/page/n421/mode/2up"><i>Historia Animalium</i></a>. Translated by Thompson, D'Arcy W. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 615b.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+Animalium&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=615b&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1910&rft.au=Aristotle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoriaanimaliu00aris_0%2Fpage%2Fn421%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149–153-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEArnott1977149–153_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFArnott1977">Arnott 1977</a>, pp. 149–153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brazil,_Mark_2003-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brazil,_Mark_2003_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brazil,_Mark_2003_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrazil2003" class="citation book cs1">Brazil, Mark (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b-E6dEYkcwsC&pg=PA64"><i>The Whooper Swan</i></a>. T & A D Poyser. pp. <span class="nowrap">64–</span>65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7136-6570-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7136-6570-3"><bdi>978-0-7136-6570-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160623213920/https://books.google.com/books?id=b-E6dEYkcwsC&pg=PA64">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Whooper+Swan&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E64-%3C%2Fspan%3E65&rft.pub=T+%26+A+D+Poyser&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7136-6570-3&rft.aulast=Brazil&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db-E6dEYkcwsC%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOvid" class="citation web cs1">Ovid. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0028%3Abook%3D14%3Acard%3D320">"Metamorphoses XIV"</a>. Perseus Digital Library. Lines 428–430. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210909202649/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0028:book%3D14:card%3D320">Archived</a> from the original on 9 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Metamorphoses+XIV&rft.pages=Lines+428-430.&rft.pub=Perseus+Digital+Library&rft.au=Ovid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.02.0028%253Abook%253D14%253Acard%253D320&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHyginus2002" class="citation book cs1">Hyginus (31 December 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110975512">"Fabulae"</a>. In Marshall, Peter K (ed.). <i>Mythographus</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2F9783110975512">10.1515/9783110975512</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783110975512" title="Special:BookSources/9783110975512"><bdi>9783110975512</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922071735/https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110975512/html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fabulae&rft.btitle=Mythographus&rft.date=2002-12-31&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2F9783110975512&rft.isbn=9783110975512&rft.au=Hyginus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1515%2F9783110975512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arnott,_W._Geoffrey_2007-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Arnott,_W._Geoffrey_2007_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arnott,_W._Geoffrey_2007_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFArnott2007" class="citation book cs1">Arnott, W. Geoffrey (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b4pN4OApWw4C&dq=arnott+whooper+swan&pg=PA183"><i>Birds in the Ancient World from A to Z</i></a>. Routledge. pp. <span class="nowrap">182–</span>184. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-203-94662-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-203-94662-6"><bdi>978-0-203-94662-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922071753/https://books.google.com/books?id=b4pN4OApWw4C&dq=arnott+whooper+swan&pg=PA183">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Birds+in+the+Ancient+World+from+A+to+Z&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E182-%3C%2Fspan%3E184&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-203-94662-6&rft.aulast=Arnott&rft.aufirst=W.+Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db4pN4OApWw4C%26dq%3Darnott%2Bwhooper%2Bswan%26pg%3DPA183&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPetersonMountfortHollum2001" class="citation book cs1">Peterson, R. T.; Mountfort, G.; Hollum, P. A. D. (2001). <i>A Field Guide to the Birds of Britain and Europe</i>. Houghton Mifflin Field Guides. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-618-16675-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-618-16675-0"><bdi>0-618-16675-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Field+Guide+to+the+Birds+of+Britain+and+Europe&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Field+Guides&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-618-16675-0&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=R.+T.&rft.au=Mountfort%2C+G.&rft.au=Hollum%2C+P.+A.+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJohnsgard,_Paul_A.2013" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Johnsgard" title="Paul Johnsgard">Johnsgard, Paul A.</a> (January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402180913/http://www.prairiefirenewspaper.com/2013/01/the-swans-of-nebraska">"The Swans of Nebraska"</a>. <i>Prairie Fire</i>. USA. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prairiefirenewspaper.com/2013/01/the-swans-of-nebraska">the original</a> on 2 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Prairie+Fire&rft.atitle=The+Swans+of+Nebraska&rft.date=2013-01&rft.au=Johnsgard%2C+Paul+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prairiefirenewspaper.com%2F2013%2F01%2Fthe-swans-of-nebraska&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSkeat1896" class="citation book cs1">Skeat, Walter W. (1896). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/minorpoems00chaugoog/page/n184"><i>Chaucer: the Minor Poems</i></a>. Clarendon Press. p. 86.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chaucer%3A+the+Minor+Poems&rft.pages=86&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1896&rft.aulast=Skeat&rft.aufirst=Walter+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fminorpoems00chaugoog%2Fpage%2Fn184&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFda_Vinci,_Leonardo2020" class="citation book cs1">da Vinci, Leonardo (2020). Richter, J. P. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8151FQ3RH5UC&pg=PA1238"><i>The Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci, Complete</i></a>. Library of Alexandria. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781465514141" title="Special:BookSources/9781465514141"><bdi>9781465514141</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922071736/https://books.google.com/books?id=8151FQ3RH5UC&pg=PA1238">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Notebooks+of+Leonardo+da+Vinci%2C+Complete&rft.pub=Library+of+Alexandria&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9781465514141&rft.au=da+Vinci%2C+Leonardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8151FQ3RH5UC%26pg%3DPA1238&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/plays/play_view.php?WorkID=merchantvenice#1405"><i>The Merchant of Venice</i>, Act 3 Scene 2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170807112853/http://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/plays/play_view.php?WorkID=merchantvenice#1405">Archived</a> 7 August 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Hosted at Open Source Shakespeare.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/plays/play_view.php?WorkID=othello#3598"><i>Othello</i>, Act 5 Scene 2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170807113135/http://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/plays/play_view.php?WorkID=othello#3598">Archived</a> 7 August 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Hosted at Open Source Shakespeare.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFellowes1914i-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFellowes1914i_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFellowes1914">Fellowes 1914</a>, p. i.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tennyson-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tennyson_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTennyson" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Lord_Tennyson" title="Alfred, Lord Tennyson">Tennyson, Alfred</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/8601/pg8601-images.html#chap20">"The Dying Swan"</a>. <i>The Early Poems of Alfred Lord Tennyson</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210909202648/https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/8601/pg8601-images.html#chap20">Archived</a> from the original on 9 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2021</span> – via Project Gutenberg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Dying+Swan&rft.btitle=The+Early+Poems+of+Alfred+Lord+Tennyson&rft.aulast=Tennyson&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Fcache%2Fepub%2F8601%2Fpg8601-images.html%23chap20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFColeridge1848" class="citation book cs1">Coleridge, Samuel Taylor (1848). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qSOnmVITuZkC&pg=PA350"><i>The Poems of S. T. Coleridge</i></a>. London: William Pickering. p. 350. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922071736/https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Poems_of_S_T_Coleridge/qSOnmVITuZkC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA350">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Poems+of+S.+T.+Coleridge&rft.place=London&rft.pages=350&rft.pub=William+Pickering&rft.date=1848&rft.aulast=Coleridge&rft.aufirst=Samuel+Taylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqSOnmVITuZkC%26pg%3DPA350&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-swansong" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=swansong">"swansong"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=swansong&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3Dswansong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDenham2016" class="citation web cs1">Denham, Jess (11 January 2016). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/david-bowie-dead-swansong-lazarus-takes-poignant-new-meaning-lyrics-and-music-video-a6805571.html">"David Bowie dead: Swansong 'Lazarus' takes on poignant new meaning in lyrics and music video"</a></span>. <i>Independent</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220526/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/david-bowie-dead-swansong-lazarus-takes-poignant-new-meaning-lyrics-and-music-video-a6805571.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent&rft.atitle=David+Bowie+dead%3A+Swansong+%27Lazarus%27+takes+on+poignant+new+meaning+in+lyrics+and+music+video&rft.date=2016-01-11&rft.aulast=Denham&rft.aufirst=Jess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Farts-entertainment%2Fmusic%2Fnews%2Fdavid-bowie-dead-swansong-lazarus-takes-poignant-new-meaning-lyrics-and-music-video-a6805571.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBlumczynski2023" class="citation book cs1">Blumczynski, Piotr (2023). <i>Experiencing Translationality: Material and Metaphorical Journeys</i>. Taylor & Francis.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Experiencing+Translationality%3A+Material+and+Metaphorical+Journeys&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2023&rft.aulast=Blumczynski&rft.aufirst=Piotr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSenich2019" class="citation web cs1">Senich, Eric (26 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://i95rock.com/remembering-freddie-mercurys-hauntingly-epic-swan-song-queens-innuendo/">"Remembering Freddie Mercury's hauntingly epic swan song: Queen's Innuendo"</a>. i95. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210908183934/https://i95rock.com/remembering-freddie-mercurys-hauntingly-epic-swan-song-queens-innuendo/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Remembering+Freddie+Mercury%27s+hauntingly+epic+swan+song%3A+Queen%27s+Innuendo&rft.pub=i95&rft.date=2019-01-26&rft.aulast=Senich&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fi95rock.com%2Fremembering-freddie-mercurys-hauntingly-epic-swan-song-queens-innuendo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHoch2015" class="citation web cs1">Hoch, Bryan (3 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/news/derek-jeters-swan-song-one-for-the-ages/c-105398418">"Jeter's swan song one for the ages"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210908183933/https://www.mlb.com/news/derek-jeters-swan-song-one-for-the-ages/c-105398418">Archived</a> from the original on 8 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=Jeter%27s+swan+song+one+for+the+ages&rft.date=2015-01-03&rft.aulast=Hoch&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Fderek-jeters-swan-song-one-for-the-ages%2Fc-105398418&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTravers2018" class="citation magazine cs1">Travers, Peter (30 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-reviews/the-last-movie-star-review-burt-reynolds-shines-in-his-swan-song-203424/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The Last Movie Star' Review: Burt Reynolds Shines in His Swan Song"</a>. <i>Rolling Stone</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220312102544/https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-reviews/the-last-movie-star-review-burt-reynolds-shines-in-his-swan-song-203424/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=%27The+Last+Movie+Star%27+Review%3A+Burt+Reynolds+Shines+in+His+Swan+Song&rft.date=2018-03-30&rft.aulast=Travers&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmovies%2Fmovie-reviews%2Fthe-last-movie-star-review-burt-reynolds-shines-in-his-swan-song-203424%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/burt-reynolds-dead-actor-dies-at-82/">"Burt Reynolds Dies at 82"</a>. <i>Us Weekly</i>. 6 September 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220312102353/https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/burt-reynolds-dead-actor-dies-at-82/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Us+Weekly&rft.atitle=Burt+Reynolds+Dies+at+82&rft.date=2018-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usmagazine.com%2Fcelebrity-news%2Fnews%2Fburt-reynolds-dead-actor-dies-at-82%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFArnott1977" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/W._Geoffrey_Arnott" title="W. Geoffrey Arnott">Arnott, W. Geoffrey</a> (1977). "Swan Songs". <i><a href="/wiki/Greece_%26_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Greece & Rome">Greece & Rome</a></i>. <b>24</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">149–</span>153. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0017383500018441">10.1017/S0017383500018441</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/642700">642700</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248519337">248519337</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greece+%26+Rome&rft.atitle=Swan+Songs&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E149-%3C%2Fspan%3E153&rft.date=1977&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A248519337%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F642700%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0017383500018441&rft.aulast=Arnott&rft.aufirst=W.+Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFellowes1914" class="citation book cs1">Gibbons, Orlando (1914). "The Silver Swan". In <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Fellowes" title="Edmund Fellowes">Fellowes, Edmund Horace</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brittlebooks.library.illinois.edu/brittlebooks_open/Books2009-05/felled0001engmad/felled0001engmadv00005/felled0001engmadv00005.pdf"><i>Orlando Gibbons: First Set of Madrigals and Motets of Five Parts</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The English Madrigal School. Vol. 5. London: <a href="/wiki/Stainer_%26_Bell" title="Stainer & Bell">Stainer & Bell</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">1–</span>3. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/16451757">16451757</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Silver+Swan&rft.btitle=Orlando+Gibbons%3A+First+Set+of+Madrigals+and+Motets+of+Five+Parts&rft.place=London&rft.series=The+English+Madrigal+School&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E3&rft.pub=Stainer+%26+Bell&rft.date=1914&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F16451757&rft.aulast=Gibbons&rft.aufirst=Orlando&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrittlebooks.library.illinois.edu%2Fbrittlebooks_open%2FBooks2009-05%2Ffelled0001engmad%2Ffelled0001engmadv00005%2Ffelled0001engmadv00005.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSword1992" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Sword" title="Helen Sword">Sword, Helen</a> (1992). "Leda and the Modernists". <i><a href="/wiki/Publications_of_the_Modern_Language_Association_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Publications of the Modern Language Association of America">PMLA</a></i>. <b>107</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">305–</span>318. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F462642">10.2307/462642</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/462642">462642</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PMLA&rft.atitle=Leda+and+the+Modernists&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E305-%3C%2Fspan%3E318&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F462642&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F462642%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Sword&rft.aufirst=Helen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASwan+song" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/swan_song" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/swan song">swan song</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header"><b>Swan song</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects" style="white-space:nowrap;">sister projects</span></a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/19px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/29px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/38px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Swan_song" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Swan song">Definitions</a></b> from Wiktionary</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Swan_Song" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Swan Song">Media</a></b> from Commons</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/42px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509918" class="extiw" title="d:Q1509918">Data</a></b> from Wikidata</span></li></ul></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&oldid=1276385121">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&oldid=1276385121</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Legends" title="Category:Legends">Legends</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Swans" title="Category:Swans">Swans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bird_sounds" title="Category:Bird sounds">Bird sounds</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Clytemnestra" title="Category:Clytemnestra">Clytemnestra</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cassandra" title="Category:Cassandra">Cassandra</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_January_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from January 2021">Use dmy dates from January 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ancient_Greek_(to_1453)-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text">Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 February 2025, at 15:25<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Swan_song&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Swan song</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>28 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.next-686d4cfb95-nqw48","wgBackendResponseTime":135,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.565","walltime":"0.743","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2579,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":58364,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2507,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":3,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":92178,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 684.215 1 -total"," 32.57% 222.860 1 Template:Reflist"," 20.27% 138.721 12 Template:Cite_book"," 17.20% 117.711 2 Template:Langx"," 11.38% 77.876 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.30% 56.767 1 Template:Subject_bar"," 7.75% 53.000 7 Template:Sfn"," 6.43% 43.970 1 Template:Other_uses"," 6.13% 41.912 2 Template:Pagetype"," 5.86% 40.073 1 Template:Wiktionary"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.395","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":15247117,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAeschylus\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAesop1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAristotle1910\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArnott1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArnott2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlumczynski2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrazil2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFColeridge1848\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDenham2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFellowes1914\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoch2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHyginus2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohnsgard,_Paul_A.2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOvid\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPetersonMountfortHollum2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPlato\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSenich2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSkeat1896\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSword1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTennyson\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTravers2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFda_Vinci,_Leonardo2020\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Cite OED\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 12,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 7,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Swan Song\"] = 1,\n [\"Langx\"] = 2,\n [\"Other uses\"] = 1,\n [\"Poem quote\"] = 1,\n [\"Poemquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 7,\n [\"SfnRef\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Subject bar\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 2,\n [\"Wiktionary\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.next-778d44d497-49j5m","timestamp":"20250301142504","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Swan song","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swan_song","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1509918","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1509918","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-12-21T22:28:28Z","dateModified":"2025-02-18T15:25:03Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/64\/Gravure_door_Reinier_van_Persijn.jpg","headline":"final effort before the end"}</script> </body> </html>