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Moses Székely - Wikipedia
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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mois%C3%A9s_Sz%C3%A9kely" title="Moisés Székely – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Moisés Székely" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moseo_Sz%C3%A9kely" title="Moseo Székely – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Moseo Székely" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C3%AFse_Sz%C3%A9kely" title="Moïse Székely – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Moïse Székely" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%A9_%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%99" title="מוזש סיקיי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוזש סיקיי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kely_M%C3%B3zes_erd%C3%A9lyi_fejedelem" title="Székely Mózes erdélyi fejedelem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Székely Mózes erdélyi fejedelem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moj%C5%BCesz_Sz%C3%A9kely" title="Mojżesz Székely – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mojżesz Székely" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moise_Sz%C3%A9kely" title="Moise Székely – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Moise Székely" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B9,_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%88" title="Секей, Мозеш – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Секей, Мозеш" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%99" title="Мојсије Секељ – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" 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title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>: <i lang="hu">Székely Mózes</i>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1553 – 17 July 1603) was <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Transylvania" title="Prince of Transylvania">Prince of Transylvania</a> in 1603. </p><p>He was a military leader under Prince <a href="/wiki/Sigismund_B%C3%A1thory" title="Sigismund Báthory">Sigismund Báthory</a>. After the latter's third and final abdication in 1601, Transylvania was controlled by the mercenaries of <a href="/wiki/Habsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Habsburg">Habsburg</a> general <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Basta" title="Giorgio Basta">Giorgio Basta</a>. In April 1603, Székely instigated the native Transylvanian forces to rebel and, with the support of Turkish-<a href="/wiki/Crimean_Khanate" title="Crimean Khanate">Tartarian</a> auxiliary forces, routed Basta's troops. On 8 May 1603, Székely claimed the title of a Prince of Transylvania, but his rule proved unstable, as his Tartarian mercenaries outdid Basta's troops in cruelty and <a href="/wiki/Radu_%C8%98erban" title="Radu Șerban">Radu Șerban</a>, the new <a href="/wiki/Voivode" title="Voivode">Voivode</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachia</a> attacked as an ally of the Habsburgs. </p><p>Mózes' own kinsmen, the Székely, joined forces with the invaders, who defeated and killed Mózes in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bra%C8%99ov" title="Battle of Brașov">Battle of Brașov</a> on 17 July 1603. Radu withdrew to Wallachia, making way for a return of Basta's mercenaries. Székely was the only <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kelys" title="Székelys">Székely</a> monarch of the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Transylvania_(1570%E2%80%931711)" title="Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)">Transylvanian Principality</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_Sz%C3%A9kely&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moses Székely was born in <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kelyudvarhely" class="mw-redirect" title="Székelyudvarhely">Székelyudvarhely</a> (now Odorheiu Secuiesc in Romania) around 1553.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father, János Literáti Székely, was a <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kelys" title="Székelys">Székely</a> nobleman (or <i>primipilus</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother is unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses had three brothers, István, János and Péter.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/John_Sigismund_Z%C3%A1polya" title="John Sigismund Zápolya">John Sigismund Zápolya</a>, who ruled the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Hungarian_Kingdom" title="Eastern Hungarian Kingdom">eastern territories of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary</a> as <a href="/wiki/Vassal" title="Vassal">vassal</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, made János Literáti the <i><a href="/wiki/Isp%C3%A1n" title="Ispán">ispán</a></i> (or head) of the chamber of salt in 1568.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Transylvanian historian, <a href="/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_Szamosk%C3%B6zy" title="István Szamosközy">István Szamosközy</a>, Moses traded in salt in his youth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200736_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200736-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After John Sigismund converted to <a href="/wiki/Unitarian_Church_of_Transylvania" title="Unitarian Church of Transylvania">Unitarianism</a> in the late 1560s, Moses was one of the many Székely noblemen who also adopted the <a href="/wiki/Nontrinitarianism" title="Nontrinitarianism">Anti-Trinitarian</a> doctrine.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeul2009125–126_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeul2009125–126-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_Sz%C3%A9kely&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the death of John Sigismund, the Diet of Transylvania elected <a href="/wiki/Stephen_B%C3%A1thory" title="Stephen Báthory">Stephen Báthory</a> <a href="/wiki/Voivode_of_Transylvania" title="Voivode of Transylvania">voivode</a> (or ruler) on 25 May 1571.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGranasztói1981401_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGranasztói1981401-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarta1994260_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarta1994260-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Báthory's opponent, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1sp%C3%A1r_Bekes" title="Gáspár Bekes">Gáspár Bekes</a>, invaded Transylvania from <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Hungary">Royal Hungary</a> in summer 1575.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarta1994260_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarta1994260-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bekes was Unitarian, but Moses Székely supported the Catholic Báthory, along with other prominent Unitarian noblemen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeul2009126_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeul2009126-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He swam over the Maros River at <a href="/wiki/Radn%C3%B3t" class="mw-redirect" title="Radnót">Radnót</a> (now Iernut in Romania) with a sword in his mouth and killed one of Bekes's warriors in a duel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200751_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200751-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His bravery was noticed by Báthory who made him the commander of his Székely guards.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200751–52_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200751–52-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses Székely was the first to lead an attack against Bekes's army in the decisive <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kerel%C5%91szentp%C3%A1l&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Kerelőszentpál (page does not exist)">Battle of Kerelőszentpál</a>, which ended with Báthory's triumph on 8 July.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200752_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200752-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stephen Báthory was elected ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> on 15 December 1575.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarta1994261_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarta1994261-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses accompanied Báthory to Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200755_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200755-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was one of the commanders of the infantry during the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Danzig_(1577)" title="Siege of Danzig (1577)">siege of Danzig</a> in 1577.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200755–56_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200755–56-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was injured on his knee during the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Polotsk_(1579)" title="Siege of Polotsk (1579)">siege of Polotsk</a> in August 1579.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200756_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200756-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also participated in the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Pskov" title="Siege of Pskov">siege of Pskov</a> in 1581.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he had to leave the army after he cut the ear of a Hungarian nobleman in a duel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moses was made the <i>ispán</i> of the salt mine at <a href="/wiki/Fels%C5%91s%C3%B3falva" class="mw-redirect" title="Felsősófalva">Felsősófalva</a> (now Ocna de Sus in Romania) in 1582 or 1583.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200793_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200793-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before long, the royal estates at <a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%A9nfalva" class="mw-redirect" title="Siménfalva">Siménfalva</a> and <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6v%C3%A9te" class="mw-redirect" title="Lövéte">Lövéte</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Transylvania_(1570%E2%80%931711)" title="Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)">Principality of Transylvania</a> (now Șimonești and Lueta in Romania) were granted to him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757,_93_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757,_93-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His manor house was built in Siménfalva.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200793_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200793-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses married in late December 1584, but his wife died in the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200795_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200795-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historian Lukács Sándor Szekeres says that his wife is unknown,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200795_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200795-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but Judit Balogh associates her with Elisabeth Bodoni, a daughter of the captain of <a href="/wiki/Udvarhelysz%C3%A9k" title="Udvarhelyszék">Udvarhelyszék</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012191_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012191-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses was mentioned as <i>ispán</i> for the last time on 5 February 1591, but he may have retained this office until 1594 or 1595, according to Szekeres.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007100_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007100-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Serbs who lived in the <a href="/wiki/Teme%C5%9Fvar_Eyalet" title="Temeşvar Eyalet">Temeşvar Eyalet</a> rose up against the Ottomans and sought assistance from <a href="/wiki/Sigismund_B%C3%A1thory" title="Sigismund Báthory">Sigismund Báthory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Transylvania" title="Prince of Transylvania">Prince of Transylvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007115_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007115-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Báthory dispatched Moses at the head of a small army to assist them.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007115_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007115-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the time the Transylvanian troops crossed the border in June 1594, the Ottomans defeated the Serbs.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to historian Judit Balogh, the Serbs' revolt fell because of the delay of the Transylvanian army.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012192_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012192-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses laid siege to the fortress of <a href="/wiki/Facs%C3%A1d" class="mw-redirect" title="Facsád">Facsád</a> (now Făget in Romania) without awaiting the arrival of the infantry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Transylvanian cavalry could not break into the fortress and Moses was injured which forced him to lift the siege on 30 November.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses never made a full recovery from the injury and he remained lame for the rest of his life.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moses participated in the war against the Ottomans in <a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachia</a> in June 1595.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007118_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007118-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before long, he joined György Borbély, <a href="/wiki/Banate_of_Lugos_and_Kar%C3%A1nsebes" title="Banate of Lugos and Karánsebes">Ban of Karánsebes</a>, who launched an invasion against the Ottoman Empire in late summer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007118_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007118-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Transylvanian army captured at least six fortresses along the <a href="/wiki/Maros_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Maros River">Maros River</a> before the end of the year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007119_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007119-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is no record of his activities during the following years, showing that he gave up his public career for a while.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007129_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007129-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He wanted to prevent the commoners of <a href="/wiki/Bikafalva" class="mw-redirect" title="Bikafalva">Bikafalva</a> (now Tăureni in Romania) from turning their pigs loose in his forests to fill and fatten themselves on <a href="/wiki/Acorn" title="Acorn">acorn</a>, but the Court of Udvarhelyszék made a judgement against him in October 1569.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007129_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007129-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the request of Sigismund Báthory, Moses exchanged his estates in <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1g%C3%A1s" class="mw-redirect" title="Vágás">Vágás</a> (now Tăietura in Romania) for the prince's estate at <a href="/wiki/Libaton" class="mw-redirect" title="Libaton">Libaton</a> in March 1598.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007133_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007133-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anarchy">Anarchy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_Sz%C3%A9kely&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Anarchy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b> with: events after 1600. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moses_Sz%C3%A9kely&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Sigismund Báthory abdicated and transferred Transylvania to the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudolph_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolph II, Holy Roman Emperor">Rudolph II</a>, on 23 March 1598.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007134_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007134-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph nominated three imperial commissioners to take charge of the government of Transylvania.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007134_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007134-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses Székely started negotiations with one of the commissioners, Bartholomeus Pezzen, in <a href="/wiki/Bra%C8%99ov" title="Brașov">Brassó</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Bra%C8%99ov" title="Brașov">Brașov</a> in Romania) in June, urging the emperor to send an army to Transylvania before the Ottomans invade the principality.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007135_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007135-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After accepting the suzerainty of Rudolph II, <a href="/wiki/Michael_the_Brave" title="Michael the Brave">Michael the Brave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voivode_of_Wallachia" class="mw-redirect" title="Voivode of Wallachia">Voivode of Wallachia</a>, asked the emperor to send Moses Székely to him to take charge of the command of the Wallachian army.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007135_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007135-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moses started secret negotiations with Sigismund Báthory's uncle, <a href="/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_Bocskai" class="mw-redirect" title="István Bocskai">István Bocskai</a>, about the restoration of Báthory.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007136_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007136-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Sigismund returned to Kolozsvár on 21 August 1598, Moses persuaded the Székely warriors to swear fealty to Sigismund in <a href="/wiki/Sebe%C8%99" title="Sebeș">Szászsebes</a> (now Sebeș in Romania).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007136_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007136-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Báthory sent Moses Székely and István Csáky at the head of an army against <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1rad" title="Várad">Várad</a> (now Oradea in Romania), because its captain refused to do homage to him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007137_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007137-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before their arrival, an Ottoman army laid siege to Várad.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007137_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007137-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses and his Székely warriors routed a band of Ottoman and Tatar marauders near the town, and the Ottoman army withdrew from the principality.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007137_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007137-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sigismund Báthory again renounced Transylvania on 21 March 1599, but on this occasion in favor of his cousin, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_B%C3%A1thory" title="Andrew Báthory">Andrew Báthory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007138_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007138-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rudolph II persuaded <a href="/wiki/Michael_the_Brave" title="Michael the Brave">Michael the Brave</a> to invade Transylvania.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007141_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007141-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thousands of Székely commoners joined Michael the Brave who had promised them to restore their liberties in autumn.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007141_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007141-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Andrew Báthory sent Moses Székely to negotiate with Michael the Brave, but the latter refused to make peace.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007142_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007142-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses was the supreme commander of Báthory's army in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sellenberk" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Sellenberk">Battle of Sellenberk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007143_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007143-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the battle was lost, Moses Székely sought shelter in the fortress of <a href="/wiki/Gurghiu,_Mure%C8%99" title="Gurghiu, Mureș">Görgény</a> (now Gurghiu in Romania) on 29 October 1599.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007144_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007144-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Andrew Báthory, who tried to flee to Poland, was murdered by Székely commoners on 3 November.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007144_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007144-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rudolph II made Michael the Brave his governor in Transylvania.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007147_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007147-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Michael appointed him the supreme commander of the Transylvanian army, Moses Székely joined him in Gyulafehérvár, but he had left his wife in <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2rgu_Mure%C8%99" title="Târgu Mureș">Marosvásárhely</a> (now Târgu Mureș in Romania) in the custody of her father.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007148_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007148-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before long, Michael the Brave granted <a href="/wiki/Teaca" title="Teaca">Teke</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siliva%C8%99u_de_C%C3%A2mpie" title="Silivașu de Câmpie">Mezőszilvás</a> (now Teaca and Silivașu de Câmpie in Romania), and other estates in <a href="/wiki/Kolozs_County" title="Kolozs County">Kolozs County</a> to Moses and his son.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007149_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007149-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 24 January 1600, Michael the Brave issued a new charter, confirming the possessions that Moses had seized in Transylvania during the rule of the Báthorys.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007150_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007150-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, the voivode who did not trust Moses always asked Rudolph's envoys not to talk about confidential issues if Moses was also attained their meeting.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007151_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007151-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Michael the Brave invaded Moldavia in May 1600.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007152_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007152-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses, who had been made captain of Udvarhelyszék, was one of the commanders of Michael's troops.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007152_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007152-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Michael returned to Transylvania, Moses stayed behind in Moldavia to command the voivode's army along with a Wallachian boyar, Mirza.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007153_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007153-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Michael could not stabilize his rule in Transylvania, although he forced more than a dozen Transylvanian noblemen to move to Wallachia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007153_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007153-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moses Székely returned to Transylvania in late summer 1600 to meet Gáspár Sibrik, György Makó and other Transylvanian noblemen in <a href="/wiki/Burzenland" title="Burzenland">Burzenland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007154_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007154-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Michael the Brave summoned them to the Diet to Gyulafehérvár in late August, but Moses and his allies fled to Poland to convince Sigismund Báthory to again lay claim to Transylvania.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007154–155_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007154–155-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_Sz%C3%A9kely&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moses's elder son, Stephen, was only mentioned in Michael the Brave's charter on 1 December 1599, which shows that he died in infancy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007149–150_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007149–150-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His younger son, <a href="/wiki/Moses_Sz%C3%A9kely_the_Younger" title="Moses Székely the Younger">Moses the Younger</a> was born after his death. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_Sz%C3%A9kely&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012190_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBalogh2012">Balogh 2012</a>, p. 190.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200734_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200736-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200736_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeul2009125–126-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeul2009125–126_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKeul2009">Keul 2009</a>, pp. 125–126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGranasztói1981401-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGranasztói1981401_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGranasztói1981">Granasztói 1981</a>, p. 401.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarta1994260-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarta1994260_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarta1994260_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarta1994">Barta 1994</a>, p. 260.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeul2009126-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeul2009126_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKeul2009">Keul 2009</a>, p. 126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200751-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200751_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200751–52-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200751–52_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, pp. 51–52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200752-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200752_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarta1994261-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarta1994261_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarta1994">Barta 1994</a>, p. 261.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200755-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200755_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200755–56-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200755–56_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, pp. 55–56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200756-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200756_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200793-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200793_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200793_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757,_93-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200757,_93_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, pp. 57, 93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres200795-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200795_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres200795_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012191-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012191_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBalogh2012">Balogh 2012</a>, p. 191.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007100-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007100_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007115-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007115_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007115_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007116_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 116.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012192-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBalogh2012192_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBalogh2012">Balogh 2012</a>, p. 192.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007118-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007118_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007118_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007119-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007119_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007129-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007129_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007129_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007133-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007133_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 133.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007134-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007134_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007134_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007135-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007135_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007135_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 135.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007136-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007136_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007136_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007137-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007137_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007137_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007137_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007138-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007138_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 138.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007141-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007141_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007141_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 141.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007142-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007142_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007143-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007143_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 143.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007144-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007144_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007144_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 144.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007147-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007147_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007148-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007148_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007149-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007149_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 149.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007150-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007150_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 150.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007151-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007151_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 151.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007152-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007152_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007152_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 152.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007153-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007153_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007153_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007154-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007154_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, p. 154.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007154–155-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007154–155_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, pp. 154–155.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007149–150-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzekeres2007149–150_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzekeres2007">Szekeres 2007</a>, pp. 149–150.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_Sz%C3%A9kely&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBalogh2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Balogh, Judit (2012). "Székely Mózes". In Gujdár, Noémi; Szatmáry, Nóra (eds.). <i>Magyar királyok nagykönyve: Uralkodóink, kormányzóink és az erdélyi fejedelmek életének és tetteinek képes története </i>[Encyclopedia of the Kings of Hungary: An Illustrated History of the Life and Deeds of Our Monarchs, Regents and the Princes of Transylvania]<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian). Reader's Digest. pp. 190–193. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-963-289-214-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-963-289-214-6"><bdi>978-963-289-214-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sz%C3%A9kely+M%C3%B3zes&rft.btitle=Magyar+kir%C3%A1lyok+nagyk%C3%B6nyve%3A+Uralkod%C3%B3ink%2C+korm%C3%A1nyz%C3%B3ink+%C3%A9s+az+erd%C3%A9lyi+fejedelmek+%C3%A9let%C3%A9nek+%C3%A9s+tetteinek+k%C3%A9pes+t%C3%B6rt%C3%A9nete+%5BEncyclopedia+of+the+Kings+of+Hungary%3A+An+Illustrated+History+of+the+Life+and+Deeds+of+Our+Monarchs%2C+Regents+and+the+Princes+of+Transylvania%5D&rft.pages=190-193&rft.pub=Reader%27s+Digest&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-963-289-214-6&rft.aulast=Balogh&rft.aufirst=Judit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoses+Sz%C3%A9kely" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarta1994" class="citation book cs1">Barta, Gábor (1994). "The Emergence of the Principality and its First Crises (1526–1606)". In Köpeczi, Béla; Barta, Gábor; Bóna, István; Makkai, László; Szász, Zoltán; Borus, Judit (eds.). <i>History of Transylvania</i>. Akadémiai Kiadó. pp. 247–300. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-05-6703-2" title="Special:BookSources/963-05-6703-2"><bdi>963-05-6703-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Emergence+of+the+Principality+and+its+First+Crises+%281526%26ndash%3B1606%29&rft.btitle=History+of+Transylvania&rft.pages=247-300&rft.pub=Akad%C3%A9miai+Kiad%C3%B3&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=963-05-6703-2&rft.aulast=Barta&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A1bor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoses+Sz%C3%A9kely" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGranasztói1981" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Granasztói, György (1981). "A három részre szakadt ország és a török kiűzése (1557–1605)". In Benda, Kálmán; Péter, Katalin (eds.). <i>Magyarország történeti kronológiája, II: 1526–1848 </i>[Historical Chronology of Hungary, Volume I: 1526–1848]<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian). Akadémiai Kiadó. pp. 390–430. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-05-2662-X" title="Special:BookSources/963-05-2662-X"><bdi>963-05-2662-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+h%C3%A1rom+r%C3%A9szre+szakadt+orsz%C3%A1g+%C3%A9s+a+t%C3%B6r%C3%B6k+ki%C5%B1z%C3%A9se+%281557%E2%80%931605%29&rft.btitle=Magyarorsz%C3%A1g+t%C3%B6rt%C3%A9neti+kronol%C3%B3gi%C3%A1ja%2C+II%3A+1526%E2%80%931848+%5BHistorical+Chronology+of+Hungary%2C+Volume+I%3A+1526%E2%80%931848%5D&rft.pages=390-430&rft.pub=Akad%C3%A9miai+Kiad%C3%B3&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=963-05-2662-X&rft.aulast=Granaszt%C3%B3i&rft.aufirst=Gy%C3%B6rgy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoses+Sz%C3%A9kely" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeul2009" class="citation book cs1">Keul, István (2009). <i>Early Modern Religious Communities in East-Central Europe: Ethnic Diversity, Denominational Plurality, and Corporative Politics in the Principality of Transylvania (1526–1691)</i>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-17652-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-17652-2"><bdi>978-90-04-17652-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Modern+Religious+Communities+in+East-Central+Europe%3A+Ethnic+Diversity%2C+Denominational+Plurality%2C+and+Corporative+Politics+in+the+Principality+of+Transylvania+%281526%E2%80%931691%29&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-90-04-17652-2&rft.aulast=Keul&rft.aufirst=Istv%C3%A1n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoses+Sz%C3%A9kely" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPop2009" class="citation book cs1">Pop, Ioan-Aurel (2009). "Michael the Brave and Transylvania". In Pop, Ioan-Aurel; Nägler, Thomas; Magyari, András (eds.). <i>The History of Transylvania, Vo. II (From 1541 to 1711)</i>. Romanian Academy, Center for Transylvanian Studies. pp. 75–96. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-973-7784-04-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-973-7784-04-9"><bdi>978-973-7784-04-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Michael+the+Brave+and+Transylvania&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Transylvania%2C+Vo.+II+%28From+1541+to+1711%29&rft.pages=75-96&rft.pub=Romanian+Academy%2C+Center+for+Transylvanian+Studies&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-973-7784-04-9&rft.aulast=Pop&rft.aufirst=Ioan-Aurel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoses+Sz%C3%A9kely" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSzekeres2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Szekeres, Lukács Sándor (2007). <i>Székely Mózes: Erdély székely fejedelme </i>[Moses Székely: The Székely Prince of Transylvania]<i><span></span></i> (in Hungarian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sz%C3%A9kely+M%C3%B3zes%3A+Erd%C3%A9ly+sz%C3%A9kely+fejedelme+%5BMoses+Sz%C3%A9kely%3A+The+Sz%C3%A9kely+Prince+of+Transylvania%5D&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Szekeres&rft.aufirst=Luk%C3%A1cs+S%C3%A1ndor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMoses+Sz%C3%A9kely" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moses_Sz%C3%A9kely&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Magyarország története 1526-1686.</i> Akadémiai, Bp. 1985.</li> <li><i>Jerzy Topolski: Lengyelország története.</i> Gondolat, Bp. 1989.</li> <li><i>Markó László: A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig.</i> 2., bőv., jav. kiadás. Bp. 2006.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000043143774">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/24129751">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjt7mkkr7xkC8fPQvFFrq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1055676147">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb2008004621">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/1055676147">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐64749b7ddd‐4d2qq Cached time: 20241125184457 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false 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