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class="cdx-message__icon"></span> <div class="cdx-message__content"> Текущая версия страницы пока <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Википедия:Проверка статей/Пояснение для читателей">не проверялась</a> опытными участниками и может значительно отличаться от <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25D0%25A2%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0_(%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5)%26stable%3D1">версии, проверенной 23 мая 2022 года</a>; проверки требуют <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25D0%25A2%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0_(%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5)%26oldid%3D122309490%26diff%3Dcur%26diffonly%3D0">39 правок</a>. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ru" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <div class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable noprint dabhide"> У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Труба">Труба</a>. </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r137874932">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);border-left:10px solid #36c;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 10%}html body.mediawiki.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-width:0 0 0 4px}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid var(--border-color-error,#b32424);background-color:var(--background-color-error-subtle,#fee7e6)}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid var(--border-color-error,#b32424)}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid var(--color-warning,#edab00)}.mw-parser-output .ambox-good{border-left:10px solid #66cc44}.mw-parser-output .ambox-discussion{border-left:10px solid #339966}.mw-parser-output .ambox-merge{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-textsmall-div{font-size:90%}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(max-width:1366px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin-left:6%;margin-right:6%}}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}}</style> <table class="mbox-Стиль_статьи plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"> Стиль этой статьи <b>неэнциклопедичен или нарушает нормы литературного русского языка</b>. </div> <div class="mbox-textsmall-div hide-when-compact"> <span class="hide-when-compact"> Статью следует исправить согласно <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Википедия:Язык и стиль">стилистическим правилам Википедии</a>.</span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><b>Труба́</b> (профиль) – промышленное изделие, представляющее собой пустотелый замкнутый профиль постоянного сечения длиной обычно 3 м, 6 м, 12 м, большей или заказанной длины.</p> <p><b>Труба́</b> (элемент трубопровода) – название <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Трубопровод">трубопровода</a> или части трубопровода различного назначения (газопровода, водопровода, газовыхлопа или вентиляции).</p> <p>Трубы изготавливаются из <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Металл">металлов</a> и их <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Сплавы">сплавов</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Пластмасса">пластмасс</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Смолы">смол</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Композитный материал">композитных материалов</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Бетон">бетона</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Керамика">керамики</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Стекло">стекла</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Древесина">древесины</a> и других материалов.</p> <p>Трубы как детали трубопроводов используются для транспортировки <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Жидкость">жидкостей</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Раствор">растворов</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Газ">газа</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пар">пара</a> и т.д., а также для прокладки и защиты <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Электричество">электрических</a> <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Провод">проводов</a>. Металлические трубы широко применяется в <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Строительство">строительстве</a> для <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Металлические конструкции">металлоконструкций</a> и в механическом производстве для изготовления <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Вал (деталь машин)">валов</a>, приводов, рукояток, тяг и других деталей.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="ru" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Содержание</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">История</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Классификация</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">По форме сечения</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8)"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">По способу изготовления (технологии)</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B8"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Защита стальных трубопроводов от коррозии</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Основные характеристики круглых труб</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Размеры и масса</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Характеристики трубопровода и трубопроводных компонентов</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Материалы труб</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Использование труб</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Сортамент и размеры</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B,_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Нормативно-технические документы, стандарты</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Своды правил</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">Зарубежные</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A1%D0%BC._%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B6%D0%B5"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">См. также</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Примечания</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Литература</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%D0%A1%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Ссылки</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="История"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>История</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «История»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Первые системы водоснабжения в <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Древний мир">Древнем мире</a> использовали <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Напор">гравитационный напор</a> и прокладывались из труб, которые изготавливались из <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Свинец">свинца</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Дерево">дерева</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Бамбук">бамбука</a> или <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Канал (гидрография)">каналов</a>, которые изготавливались как правило из <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Глина">глины</a> или <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Камень">камня</a>. Выдолбленные деревянные трубы, обёрнутые <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Сталь">стальной</a> полосой, использовались в качестве сантехнических труб, в частности, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Водопровод">водопроводов</a>: в <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Англия">Англии</a> около 500 лет назад, в городах <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="США">США</a> для распределения воды начали использовать выдолбленные <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Бревно">брёвна</a> с конца 1700-х по 1800-е годы.</p> <p>С развитием <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Металлургия">металлургии</a> трубы становятся основной продукцией специализированных заводов. В XVIII веке трубы начинают изготавливать из свинца, а также медного, стального и латунного листа, соединённого как правило, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Заклёпочное соединение">клепаным</a> швом.</p> <p><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Промышленная революция">Промышленная революция</a> XIX в. в Европе, а позднее в США, положила начало промышленному <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Металлопрокат">прокатному производству</a> труб.</p> <p>Современные трубы изготавливают следующих материалов;</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Сталь">стали</a> и <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Легированная сталь">легированных сталей</a>, включая нержавеющие;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Алюминий">алюминия</a> и его сплавов;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Медь">меди</a> и ее сплавов, таких как <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Латунь">латунь</a> или <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Бронза">бронза</a>;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Пластмассы">пластмасс</a>, таких как <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Полипропилен">полипропилен</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Поливинилхлорид">поливинилхлорид</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Полиэтилен">полиэтилен</a> и другие;</li> <li>композитных материалов: <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Стеклопластик">стеклопластика</a>, многослойных труб.</li> </ul> <p><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Канализация">Канализационные трубы</a> изготавливаются из пластика, керамики и <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Чугун">чугуна</a><sup id="cite_ref-cispi_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-cispi-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Классификация"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Классификация</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Классификация»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="По_форме_сечения"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.BE_.D1.84.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BC.D0.B5_.D1.81.D0.B5.D1.87.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>По форме сечения</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «По форме сечения»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li>круглые;</li> </ul> <ul> <li>профильные: квадратные, прямоугольные, овальные и специальные.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="По_способу_изготовления_(технологии)"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.BE_.D1.81.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BE.D0.B1.D1.83_.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B3.D0.BE.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F_.28.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.85.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D0.B8.29"></span>По способу изготовления (технологии)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «По способу изготовления (технологии)»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Трубы должны отвечать требованиям, изложенным в <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Государственный стандарт">Государственных стандартах</a>, ГОСТах. В тех случаях, когда характеристики труб, предназначенных не для массового использования, отличаются от стандартных, требования к таким трубам устанавливаются <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Технические условия">Техническими Условиями</a>, ТУ.</p> <p><b>Сварные</b></p> <p>Металлические трубы бытового и неответственного назначения, а также большого диаметра часто делают <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Сварка">сварными</a>. При этом либо лист сворачивают так, что шов идёт вдоль трубы («прямошовная труба»), либо навивают ленту по спирали («спиралешовная труба»). Современные технологии позволяют заметно усилить прочность шва стальной трубы — его прочность всего на 10—15 % меньше прочности остальной её части.</p> <p><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Электросварка">Электросварные трубы</a> делятся на прямошовные и спиралешовные. Спиралешовные трубы применяются для <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Водопровод">водопроводов</a>, прямошовные для <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Газопровод">газопроводов</a>, трубопроводов с высокими рабочими характеристиками и деталей конструкций.</p> <p>В России трубы электросварные стальные выпускаются по следующим стандартам; водогазопроводные (ВГП) <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Межгосударственный стандарт">ГОСТ</a> 3262-75; электросварные прямошовные по ГОСТ 10704-91, ГОСТ 10705-80, ГОСТ 10706-76; спиралешовные ГОСТ 8696-74; для магистральных нефтегазопроводов по ГОСТ 20295-85.</p> <p><b>Бесшовные</b></p> <p>Бесшовные трубы — не имеющие сварного шва или другого соединения. Изготавливаются способом <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Прокатка">прокатки</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ковка">ковки</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Прессование">прессования</a> или <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Волочение">волочения</a>. Предназначены для изготовления ответственных трубопроводов с высоким номинальным давлением и температурой, для магистральных трубопроводов и транспортировки нефти и газа, для перекачки огнеопасных, агрессивных и радиоактивных сред.</p> <p>В России бесшовные стальные трубы выпускаются горячедеформированные по ГОСТ 8732-78, холоднодеформированные по ГОСТ 8734-75, а также специального назначения, выполненные по различным техническим условиям (ТУ).</p> <p>Точность горячекатаного проката ориентировочно соответствует 12-14-му <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Квалитет">квалитету</a>, холоднотянутого — 9-12-му <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Квалитет">квалитету</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Также бесшовными являются все <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Медь">медные</a> трубы в силу технологии изготовления.</p> <p><b>Фальцовка с обжатием</b></p> <p>Одним из современных способов изготовления трубы является формирование трубчатого сечения с продольным фальцевым швом.</p> <p><b>Высверливание</b></p> <p>Можно также изготавливать трубы, просверливая отверстие в цилиндрической заготовке. При этом способе значительная часть металла превращается в стружку, поэтому его используют не для труб как таковых, а только для деталей разных машин и механизмов (в том числе для оружейных стволов).</p> <p><b>Литьё</b></p> <p>Трубы можно изготовлять и литьём. Материал заливают либо в форму с центральным стержнем, либо в быстро вращающуюся пустотелую форму (центробежное литьё). Это основной метод изготовления железобетонных и асбоцементных труб.</p> <p><b>Экструзия</b></p> <p>Пластмассовые трубы чаще всего получают выдавливанием (экструзией).</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Защита_стальных_трубопроводов_от_коррозии"><span id=".D0.97.D0.B0.D1.89.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B0_.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8C.D0.BD.D1.8B.D1.85_.D1.82.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.B2_.D0.BE.D1.82_.D0.BA.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.B8"></span>Защита стальных трубопроводов от коррозии</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Защита стальных трубопроводов от коррозии»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Для повышения стойкости к воздействию <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Коррозия">коррозии</a> водогазопроводные и электросварные трубы могут быть покрыты слоем <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Цинк">цинка</a> как изнутри так и снаружи (<i><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Цинкование">оцинкованные</a> трубы</i>).</p> <p>Также могут устанавливаться электроизолирующие соединения или цинковые <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Катодная защита">протекторы</a>.</p> <center> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 849px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 275px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px; height: 210px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Metal_tubes_stored_in_a_yard.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Стальные трубы на металлобазе"> <noscript> <img alt="Стальные трубы на металлобазе" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Metal_tubes_stored_in_a_yard.jpg/240px-Metal_tubes_stored_in_a_yard.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2886" data-file-height="1924"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 240px;height: 160px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Metal_tubes_stored_in_a_yard.jpg/240px-Metal_tubes_stored_in_a_yard.jpg" data-alt="Стальные трубы на металлобазе" data-width="240" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Metal_tubes_stored_in_a_yard.jpg/360px-Metal_tubes_stored_in_a_yard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Metal_tubes_stored_in_a_yard.jpg/480px-Metal_tubes_stored_in_a_yard.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Стальные трубы на металлобазе </div></li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 275px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px; height: 210px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Pipe_shape.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description" title="Труба круглая"> <noscript> <img alt="Труба круглая" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Pipe_shape.png/180px-Pipe_shape.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 180px;height: 180px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Pipe_shape.png/180px-Pipe_shape.png" data-alt="Труба круглая" data-width="180" data-height="180" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Pipe_shape.png 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> Труба круглая </div></li> </ul> </center> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Основные_характеристики_круглых_труб"><span id=".D0.9E.D1.81.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BD.D1.8B.D0.B5_.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D0.BA.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B3.D0.BB.D1.8B.D1.85_.D1.82.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B1"></span>Основные характеристики круглых труб</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Основные характеристики круглых труб»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Размеры_и_масса"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.80.D1.8B_.D0.B8_.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.81.D0.B0"></span>Размеры и масса</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Размеры и масса»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li>Диаметр наружный, Дн. Измеряется в миллиметрах. Регламентируется ГОСТами;</li> <li>Диаметр внутренний, Дв. Измеряется в миллиметрах, или вычисляется арифметически, Дв = Дн — 2хS;</li> <li>Диаметр условного прохода (DN, Ду) — условная величина внутреннего диаметра в миллиметрах и иногда в дюймах (для водогазопроводных труб), основная размерная характеристика трубопроводов, соединительных частей к ним и запорной арматуры;</li> <li>Толщина стенки, S, в миллиметрах;</li> <li>Длина трубы — зависит от диаметра трубы, способа изготовления, завода-изготовителя;</li> <li>Масса одного погонного метра стальной трубы вычисляют по эмпирической формуле: М=0,02466*S*(Дн-S), где М — масса одного метра в килограммах, Дн — наружный диаметр трубы в миллиметрах, S — толщина стенки в миллиметрах.</li> </ul> <p><b>Примеры обозначения труб</b></p> <p>Труба бесшовная, с условным диаметром (Ду) 50 мм, с толщиной стенки 3 мм, из высококачественной ванадиевой стали 10</p> <p><i>Труба 57х3 ГОСТ 8734-75 В10;</i></p> <p>То же, но из нержавеющей стали</p> <p><i>Труба 57х3 ГОСТ 9940-81 12Х18Н10Т;</i></p> <p>Труба водогазопроводная шовная Ду 20, с толщиной стенки 3,2 мм с гальваническим цинковым покрытием</p> <p><i>Труба 20х3,2-Ц ГОСТ 3262-75;</i></p> <p>Труба электросварная Ду 200, с толщиной стенки 4 мм, из стали Ст3сп, с горячим цинкованием толщиной 200 <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Микрометр">мкм</a></p> <p><i>Труба 219х4 ГОСТ 10704-90 Ст3сп Гор. Ц200.</i></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Характеристики_трубопровода_и_трубопроводных_компонентов"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D1.82.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B0_.D0.B8_.D1.82.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B1.D0.BE.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.BD.D1.8B.D1.85_.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.BE.D0.B2"></span>Характеристики трубопровода и трубопроводных компонентов</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Характеристики трубопровода и трубопроводных компонентов»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li>Давление рабочее (Р<sub>раб</sub>) — наибольшее давление транспортируемой среды при <b>рабочей температуре</b>, при котором обеспечивается длительная работа арматуры и соединительных частей;</li> <li>Давление номинальное (PN) измеряется в мегапаскалях (МПа)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>;</li> <li>Давление условное (Р<sub>у</sub>). Прочность труб и их соединительных частей должна соответствовать условному давлению P<sub>y</sub> транспортируемой среды. Под условным давлением понимается наибольшее избыточное давление, измеряемое в килограмм-силах на квадратный сантиметр (кгс/см<sup>2</sup>) при температуре 293 К (20˚С), при котором обеспечивается длительная работа трубопроводов и их элементов (соединительных частей, арматуры)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Численное значение условного давления указывают в ГОСТ-ах или иных нормативных документах на каждый вид изделия;</li> <li>Давление испытательное, опресовки, пробное (Р<sub>исп</sub>, Р<sub>пр</sub>). , а также прочность труб, соединительных частей и арматуры проверяют пробным (испытательным) давлением Р<sub>пр</sub>, которое больше рабочего давления;</li> <li>Давление избыточное (манометрическое);</li> <li>Температура рабочая, максимальная, минимальная. Обычно рабочая температура транспортируемой среды отличается от температуры 20˚С в значительных пределах, колебания температуры должны учитываться при проектировании, так как разрушительно влияют на материал трубы.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Материалы_труб"><span id=".D0.9C.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8B_.D1.82.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B1"></span>Материалы труб</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Материалы труб»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><b>Металлы и сплавы</b> <ul> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Сталь">Сталь</a> (см. Марочник сталей);</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Чугун">Чугун</a> различных марок;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Медь">Медь</a> и её сплавы: <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Бронза">бронза</a> и <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Латунь">латунь</a>. Для водопровода и отопления используется раскислённая только фосфором медь марки M1Ф и её европейский аналог Cu-DHP (CW024A) и M1Р.</li> </ul></li> </ul> <ul> <li><b>Полимеры</b> <ul> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Поливинилхлорид">Поливинилхлорид</a> (сокр. ПВХ) и другие на основе соединений <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Хлор">хлора</a>;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Поливинилдифторид (страница отсутствует)">Поливинилдифторид</a> (сокр. ПВДФ (PVDF)) и другие на основе соединений <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Фтор">фтора</a>;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Полиэтилен">Полиэтилен</a> (сокр. ПЭ), различают ПЭ-80, ПЭ-100 и т. п.;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Сшитый Полиэтилен (страница отсутствует)">Сшитый Полиэтилен</a> (сокр. PEX), различают PEXa,PEXb,PEXc в зависимости от способа сшивки;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Стеклопластик">Стеклопластик</a>;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Полипропилен">Полипропилен</a>;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Полибутен (страница отсутствует)">Полибутен</a>;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Фаолит">Фаолит</a>;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Виолен (страница отсутствует)">Виолен</a>;</li> <li>Поликарбонат.</li> </ul></li> </ul> <ul> <li><b>Комбинированные материалы</b> <ul> <li>Алюминиевые металлополимерные трубы состоят из внутреннего рабочего слоя полиэтилена теплостойкого PERT или PEX, промежуточного несущего слоя алюминия и внешнего защитного слоя полиэтилена, с использованием клеящих веществ (см. картинку);</li> <li>Медные металлополимерные трубы состоят из внутреннего рабочего слоя меди толщиной 0.3 мм и внешнего защитного слоя полимерного материала толщиной 2—3 мм без использования клеящих веществ;</li> <li>Стальные с внутренним цементным и наружным защитным <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Гидроизоляция">гидроизоляционным</a> покрытием от коррозии, также для защиты от коррозии применяют <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Эмаль">эмалированное</a> покрытие;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Металлополимерные трубы">Металлополимерные трубы</a> - композитные трубы, состоящие из двух или более компонентов, например, полимерного тела трубы и металлического армирующего каркаса.</li> </ul></li> </ul> <ul> <li><b>На основе бетона, других материалов</b> <ul> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Керамика">керамические</a>;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Асбестоцемент">асбестоцементные</a> часто используются в качестве футляров для прокладки различных <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Трубопровод">трубопроводов</a>, телефонных и других линий, прокладываемых под землёй;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Бетон">бетонные</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141254988">.mw-parser-output .ts-fix-template{font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ts-fix-error{font-size:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .ts-fix-text{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);box-decoration-break:clone;margin:0 -0.1em;padding:0 0.1em;transition:background 0.1s}.mw-parser-output .ts-fix-text:hover{background:#fee7e6}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ts-fix-text:hover{background:#4f1312}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ts-fix-text:hover{background:#4f1312}}@media screen and (hover:hover){.mw-parser-output .ts-fix-comment,.mw-parser-output .ts-fix-commented>a:not(:hover){border-bottom:1px dotted;text-decoration:none}}</style><sup class="ts-fix-template noprint">[<i><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Википедия:Ссылки на источники"><span title="нет источника (5 октября 2011)">источник не указан 4802 дня</span></a></i>]</sup>;</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Железобетон">железобетонные</a> используются для дренажа сточных, талых, ливневых вод.</li> </ul></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Использование_труб"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.BB.D1.8C.D0.B7.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B5_.D1.82.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B1"></span>Использование труб</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Использование труб»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_40_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8._%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%90._%D0%A9%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_40_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8._%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%90._%D0%A9%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.jpg/183px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="183" height="183" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="907" data-file-height="907"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 183px;height: 183px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_40_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8._%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%90._%D0%A9%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.jpg/183px-thumbnail.jpg" data-width="183" data-height="183" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_40_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8._%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%90._%D0%A9%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.jpg/275px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5_40_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8._%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%90._%D0%A9%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.jpg/366px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <center> <small>Чугунная канализационная труба после 40 лет эксплуатации</small> </center> </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li>Транспортировка различных веществ: твёрдых, жидких, газообразных;</li> <li>В строительстве <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Здание">зданий</a> и <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Сооружение">сооружений</a>;</li> <li>В производстве металлоизделий различного назначения;</li> <li>Передача давления в качестве импульса для технологических нужд;</li> <li>В качестве кожухов для защиты <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Инженерные коммуникации (страница отсутствует)">коммуникаций</a>: электропроводки, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Трубопровод">трубопроводов</a>;</li> <li>Для бурения <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Скважина">скважин</a> при добыче природных ресурсов;</li> <li>Для устройства <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%86?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Колодец">колодцев</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Штольня">штолен</a>, <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Каптаж">каптажи</a> родников, галерей;</li> <li>В качестве художественного <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Декор">декора</a>;</li> <li>В <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Духовые музыкальные инструменты">духовых музыкальных инструментах</a>.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Сортамент_и_размеры"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82_.D0.B8_.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.80.D1.8B"></span>Сортамент и размеры</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Сортамент и размеры»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>Материал и размер труб регламентируются стандартами.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Нормативно-технические_документы,_стандарты"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.B2.D0.BD.D0.BE-.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.85.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8.D0.B5_.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.BA.D1.83.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82.D1.8B.2C_.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.82.D1.8B"></span>Нормативно-технические документы, стандарты</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Нормативно-технические документы, стандарты»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <p><b>Трубы стальные</b></p> <ul> <li>ГОСТ 8732-78 Трубы стальные бесшовные горячедеформированные. Сортамент</li> <li>ГОСТ 8734-75 Трубы стальные бесшовные холоднодеформированные. Сортамент</li> <li>Трубы профильные: квадратные ГОСТ 8639-82, прямоугольные ГОСТ 8645-68, овальные ГОСТ 8642-68 и ГОСТ 8644-68.</li> <li>ГОСТ 3262-75 Трубы стальные водогазопроводные. Технические условия</li> <li>ГОСТ 8731-74 Трубы стальные бесшовные горячедеформированные. Технические требования</li> <li>ГОСТ 8733-74 Трубы стальные бесшовные холоднодеформированные и теплодеформированные. Технические требования</li> <li>ГОСТ 10706-76 Трубы стальные электросварные прямошовные. Технические требования</li> <li>ГОСТ 11068-81 Трубы электросварные из коррозионно-стойкой стали. Технические условия</li> <li>ГОСТ 30732-2020 Трубы и фасонные изделия стальные с тепловой изоляцией из пенополиуретана в полиэтиленовой оболочке. Технические условия</li> </ul> <p><b>Пластиковые</b></p> <ul> <li>ГОСТ 18599-2001 Трубы напорные из полиэтилена. Технические условия</li> <li>ГОСТ 22689.1-89 Трубы полиэтиленовые канализационные и фасонные части к ним. Сортамент</li> <li>ГОСТ 22689.0-89 Трубы полиэтиленовые канализационные и фасонные части к ним. Общие технические условия</li> <li>ГОСТ 22689.2-89 Трубы полиэтиленовые канализационные и фасонные части к ним. Конструкция</li> <li>ГОСТ Р 52134-2003 Трубы напорные из термопластов и соединительные детали к ним для систем водоснабжения и отопления. Общие технические условия</li> </ul> <p><b>Из цветных металлов</b></p> <ul> <li>ГОСТ 52318-2005 Трубы медные круглого сечения для воды и газа. Технические условия</li> </ul> <p><b>Из других материалов</b></p> <ul> <li>ГОСТ 1839-80 Трубы и муфты асбестоцементные для безнапорных трубопроводов. Технические условия</li> <li>ГОСТ 6942-98 Трубы чугунные канализационные и фасонные части к ним. Технические условия</li> <li>ГОСТ 8411-74 Трубы керамические дренажные. Технические условия</li> <li>ГОСТ 12586.0-83 Трубы железобетонные напорные виброгидропрессованные. Технические условия</li> <li>ГОСТ 31416-2009 Трубы и муфты хризотилцементные.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Своды_правил"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D1.8B_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.B8.D0.BB"></span>Своды правил</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Своды правил»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li>СП 40-102-2000 Проектирование и монтаж трубопроводов систем водоснабжения и канализации из полимерных материалов</li> <li>СП 40-103-98 Проектирование и монтаж трубопроводов систем холодного и горячего внутреннего водоснабжения с использованием металлополимерных труб</li> <li>СП 40-101-96 Проектирование и монтаж трубопроводов из полипропилена «рандом сополимер»</li> <li>СП 40-107-2003 Проектирование, монтаж и эксплуатация систем внутренней канализации из полипропиленовых труб</li> <li>СП 41-102-98 Проектирование и монтаж трубопроводов систем отопления с использованием металлополимерных труб</li> </ul> <p>(список не полный)</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Зарубежные"><span id=".D0.97.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.83.D0.B1.D0.B5.D0.B6.D0.BD.D1.8B.D0.B5"></span>Зарубежные</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Зарубежные»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><b>США</b></p> <ul> <li>The <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B8?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Американский институт нефти">API</a> range. Eg: API 5L Grade B</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Society_of_Mechanical_Engineers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="American Society of Mechanical Engineers">ASME</a> SA106 Grade B (Seamless carbon steel pipe for high temperature service). Бесшовные трубы из углеродистой стали используемые для высоких температур</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ASTM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ASTM">ASTM</a> A312 (Seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel pipe). Бесшовные и сварные трубы из нержавеющей стали</li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ASTM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ASTM">ASTM</a> C76 (Concrete Pipe) Железобетонные трубы.</li> <li>ASTM D3033/3034 (PVC Pipe). <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%92%D0%A5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ПВХ">ПВХ</a> труба</li> <li>ASTM D2239 (Polyethylene Pipe). Полиэтиленовая труба</li> <li>API Spec. 5CT — Трубы стальные обсадные и НКТ</li> <li>API Spec. 5L — Трубы стальные нефтегазопроводные</li> <li>API Spec. 5D — Трубы стальные бурильные</li> </ul> <p>(список не полный)</p> <p><b>Европа</b></p> <ul> <li>DIN 11850 Трубы из коррозионностойкой стали для пищевой, химической и фармацевтической промышленности. Размеры, материалы.</li> <li>DIN 2440 — Трубы стальные с резьбой среднетяжёлые</li> <li>DIN 2458 — Трубы стальные сварные</li> <li>DIN 1626 — Трубы круглые сварные из нелегированной стали со специальными требованиями</li> <li>EN ISO 1127—1997 Трубы из коррозионно-стойкой стали. Размеры. Допуски и условная масса на единицу времени.</li> <li>EN 10217-7:2005 Сварные стальные трубы для работы под давлением — Технические условия поставки — Часть 7: трубы из нержавеющей стали</li> </ul> <p>(список не полный)</p> <p><b>Украина</b></p> <ul> <li>ДСТУ Б В.2.7-151:2008 «Трубы полиэтиленовые для подачи холодной воды»</li> <li>ДСТУ Б В.2.7-73-98 «Трубы полиэтиленовые для подачи горючих газов».</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="См._также"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BC._.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BA.D0.B6.D0.B5"></span>См. также</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «См. также»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Канализация">Канализация</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Квоит (страница отсутствует)">Котельное оборудование</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Металлополимерные трубы">Металлополимерные трубы</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Стеклопластиковые трубы">Стеклопластиковые трубы</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Трубопровод">Трубопровод</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Нефтепровод">Нефтепровод</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Водопровод">Водопровод</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Газопровод">Газопровод</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Фитинг">Фитинги</a> — соединительные элементы трубопровода. <ul> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Патрубок">Патрубок</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0_(%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Муфта (соединение двух участков труб)">Муфта (соединение двух участков труб)</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4_(%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8B)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Отвод (трубы)">Отвод (трубы)</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Штуцер (техника)">Штуцер (техника)</a></li> </ul></li> <li>Обработка: <ul> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Трубогиб">Трубогиб</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Трубная резьба">Трубные резьбы</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Козин, Виктор Михайлович">Козин, Виктор Михайлович</a> — Автор способа деформирования труб за счёт энергии расширения льда.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Примечания"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.87.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Примечания</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Примечания»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cispi-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-cispi_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span lang="en"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208004238/http://www.cispi.org/products/types.aspx">Cast Iron Soil Pipe Institute</a></span> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="на английском языке">(англ.)</span>. cispi.org. Дата обращения: 15 февраля 2015. Архивировано из <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.cispi.org/products/types.aspx">оригинала</a> 8 февраля 2015 года.</span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Косилова А. Г.</i> Справочник технолога-машиностроителя. — М.: Машиностроение, 1986. — С. 168. — Т. 1.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>1</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>2</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">ГОСТ 26349-84 Соединения трубопроводов и арматура. Давления номинальные. Ряды</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Литература"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B8.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Литература</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Литература»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul> <li><i>Виноградов Ю. А.</i> Материаловедение для слесарей-сантехников, слесарей-монтажников и машинистов строительных машин: Учебник для средн. проф-техн. училищ. — М.: Высш. школа., 1987. — с. 130.</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141305934">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a::after,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a::after,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a::after,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a::after,.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a::after{content:"";width:1.1em;height:1.1em;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a::after{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a::after,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a::after{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a::after{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a::after{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a::after,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a::after,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a::after,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a::after{filter:invert(1)hue-rotate(180deg)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a::after,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a::after,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a::after,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a::after{filter:invert(1)hue-rotate(180deg)}}</style><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>А.П. Грудев, Л.Ф. Машкин, М.И. Ханин.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rostov.bvb-alyans.ru/media/other/tekhnologiya_prokatnogo_proizvodstva.pdf">Технология прокатного производства</a> / под ред. Т.А. Дьяконова. — <abbr title="Москва">М.</abbr>: Металлургия, 1994. — С. 488-494. — 656 с. — <a href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3/5229008385?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 5-229-00838-5</a>..</span></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ссылки"><span id=".D0.A1.D1.81.D1.8B.D0.BB.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Ссылки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Редактировать раздел «Ссылки»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>править</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.purenickel.com/steel-pipes-tubes.html">Steel Pipes</a></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Источник — <a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)%26oldid%3D141526251">https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Труба_(изделие)&oldid=141526251</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://ru-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5)&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Krendelyator" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1731667447"> <span>Последний раз редактировалась 15 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арабский" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أنبوب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuber%25C3%25ADa" title="Tubería — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tubería" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boru" title="Boru — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Boru" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0_(%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B1)" title="Труба (выраб) — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Труба (выраб)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pralon" title="Pralon — Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Pralon" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2580%25D1%258A%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0" title="Тръба — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тръба" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonada" title="Canonada — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Canonada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D0%25B3%25D3%2580%25D0%25B0_(%25D0%25B3%25D3%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D1%2581)" title="БиргӀа (гӀирс) — чеченский" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="БиргӀа (гӀирс)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25DB%2586%25DA%2595%25DB%258C" title="بۆڕی — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بۆڕی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roura_(technika)" title="Roura (technika) — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Roura (technika)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25C4%2583%25D1%2580%25C4%2583%25D1%2585" title="Пăрăх — чувашский" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пăрăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohr_(Technik)" title="Rohr (Technik) — немецкий" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rohr (Technik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_(fluid_conveyance)" title="Pipe (fluid conveyance) — английский" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pipe (fluid conveyance)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubo" title="Tubo — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tubo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuber%25C3%25ADa" title="Tubería — испанский" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tubería" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toru" title="Toru — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Toru" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodi" title="Hodi — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hodi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%2584%25D9%2587" title="لوله — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لوله" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putki" title="Putki — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Putki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuyau" title="Tuyau — французский" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tuyau" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%25C3%25ADopa_(infreastrucht%25C3%25BAr)" title="Píopa (infreastruchtúr) — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Píopa (infreastruchtúr)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A6%25D7%2599%25D7%25A0%25D7%2595%25D7%25A8" title="צינור — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צינור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cijev" title="Cijev — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Cijev" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiyo" title="Tiyo — гаитянский" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Tiyo" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cs%25C5%2591" title="Cső — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cső" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BD%25D5%25B8%25D5%25B2%25D5%25B8%25D5%25BE%25D5%25A1%25D5%25AF%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580" title="Խողովակներ — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խողովակներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipa_(saluran)" title="Pipa (saluran) — индонезийский" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pipa (saluran)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubo" title="Tubo — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tubo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubo" title="Tubo — итальянский" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tubo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%2591%25E3%2582%25A4%25E3%2583%2597" title="パイプ — японский" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パイプ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipa" title="Pipa — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pipa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asegdal" title="Asegdal — кабильский" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Asegdal" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwuat" title="Zwuat — тьяп" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Zwuat" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="тьяп" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D2%259A%25D2%25B1%25D0%25B1%25D1%258B%25D1%2580" title="Құбыр — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Құбыр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25ED%258C%258C%25EC%259D%25B4%25ED%2594%2584_(%25EA%25B4%2580)" title="파이프 (관) — корейский" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파이프 (관)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubus" title="Tubus — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tubus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caurule" title="Caurule — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Caurule" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paip" title="Paip — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Paip" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buis_(voorwerp)" title="Buis (voorwerp) — нидерландский" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Buis (voorwerp)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%25C3%25B8yr" title="Røyr — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Røyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rura" title="Rura — польский" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rura" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubo" title="Tubo — португальский" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tubo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiru" title="Wiru — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wiru" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C8%259Aeav%25C4%2583" title="Țeavă — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Țeavă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cijev" title="Cijev — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Cijev" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_(material)" title="Pipe (material) — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pipe (material)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%25C3%25BAra_(technika)" title="Rúra (technika) — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rúra (technika)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cev" title="Cev — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Cev" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%25C3%25B6r" title="Rör — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rör" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25B4%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25AF%25E0%25AF%258D" title="குழாய் — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குழாய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D3%25AF%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0" title="Лӯла — таджикский" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Лӯла" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boru" title="Boru — турецкий" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Boru" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B0_(%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D1%2585%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0)" title="Труба (техніка) — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Труба (техніка)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quvur" title="Quvur — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Quvur" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" 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