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id="toc-Ankstyvoji_istorija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europiečių_atvykimas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europiečių_atvykimas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Europiečių atvykimas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europiečių_atvykimas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kolonijinė_istorija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kolonijinė_istorija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Kolonijinė istorija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kolonijinė_istorija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modernioji_istorija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modernioji_istorija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Modernioji istorija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modernioji_istorija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geografija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gyventojai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gyventojai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gyventojai</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gyventojai-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Gyventojai subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gyventojai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Didžiausi_miestai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Didžiausi_miestai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Didžiausi miestai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Didžiausi_miestai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Augalija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Augalija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Augalija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Augalija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gyvūnija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gyvūnija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gyvūnija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gyvūnija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kita_informacija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kita_informacija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Kita informacija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kita_informacija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taip_pat_skaitykite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taip_pat_skaitykite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Taip pat skaitykite</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taip_pat_skaitykite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Šaltiniai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Šaltiniai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Šaltiniai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Šaltiniai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nuorodos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuorodos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Nuorodos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuorodos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Turinys" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Turinys" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sumatra</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 132 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-132" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">132 kalbų</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruja" title="Ruja – ačinezų" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Ruja" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ačinezų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soematra" title="Soematra – afrikanų" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Soematra" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – Šveicarijos vokiečių" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Šveicarijos vokiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B1%E1%88%9B%E1%89%B5%E1%88%AB" title="ሱማትራ – amharų" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሱማትራ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – aragonesų" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="سومطرة – arabų" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سومطرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="سومطره – Egipto arabų" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سومطره" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egipto arabų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – asturianų" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturianų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – azerbaidžaniečių" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžaniečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="سوماترا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سوماترا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – baškirų" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – baliečių" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="baliečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – žemaičių" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaičių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – batak toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="batak toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – baltarusių" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltarusių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – bulgarų" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatera" title="Sumatera – bandžarų" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Sumatera" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="bandžarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="সুমাত্রা – bengalų" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সুমাত্রা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatera" title="Sumatera – bretonų" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sumatera" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – bosnių" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatera" title="Sumatera – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Sumatera" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – katalonų" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra_(pulo)" title="Sumatra (pulo) – sebuanų" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sumatra (pulo)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebuanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – čamorų" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="čamorų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – čekų" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatera" title="Sumatera – valų" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sumatera" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="valų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – danų" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – vokiečių" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vokiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Σουμάτρα – graikų" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σουμάτρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="graikų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – anglų" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatro" title="Sumatro – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sumatro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – ispanų" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – estų" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – baskų" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="سوماترا – persų" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوماترا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – suomių" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="suomių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – prancūzų" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prancūzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – šiaurinių fryzų" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="šiaurinių fryzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – vakarų fryzų" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vakarų fryzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – airių" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="airių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – škotų (gėlų)" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotų (gėlų)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – galisų" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – hausų" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – kinų kalbos hakų tarmė" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos hakų tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%94" title="סומטרה – hebrajų" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סומטרה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="सुमात्रा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सुमात्रा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – kroatų" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szum%C3%A1tra" title="Szumátra – vengrų" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szumátra" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="vengrų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%A1" title="Սումատրա – armėnų" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սումատրա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armėnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – tarpinė" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="tarpinė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatera" title="Sumatera – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Sumatera" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – indoneziečių" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – interkalba" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interkalba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – ilokų" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAmatra" title="Súmatra – islandų" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Súmatra" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – italų" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9E%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E5%B3%B6" title="スマトラ島 – japonų" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スマトラ島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – javiečių" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="სუმატრა – gruzinų" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სუმატრა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzinų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – karakalpakų" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatora" title="Sumatora – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Sumatora" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – kazachų" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%84%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6" title="កោះស៊ូម៉ាត្រា – khmerų" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កោះស៊ូម៉ាត្រា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmerų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%A7%88%ED%8A%B8%EB%9D%BC%EC%84%AC" title="수마트라섬 – korėjiečių" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수마트라섬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korėjiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – lotynų" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="lotynų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – liuksemburgiečių" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="liuksemburgiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – limburgiečių" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – lombardų" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B8%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B2" title="ເກາະສຸມາຕຣາ – laosiečių" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເກາະສຸມາຕຣາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – latvių" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo_Somattra" title="Polo Somattra – madurezų" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Polo Somattra" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madurezų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="सुमात्रा – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="सुमात्रा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatera" title="Sumatera – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Sumatera" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – malagasų" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pavyzdinis straipsnis"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatera" title="Sumatera – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Sumatera" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – makedonų" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0" title="സുമാത്ര – malajalių" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സുമാത്ര" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="सुमात्रा – maratų" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सुमात्रा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – vakarų mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="vakarų mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatera" title="Sumatera – malajiečių" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sumatera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%90%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဆူမတြာကျွန်း – birmiečių" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆူမတြာကျွန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="سوماترا – mazenderanių" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سوماترا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazenderanių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="सुमात्रा – nepaliečių" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सुमात्रा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaliečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – olandų" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – naujoji norvegų" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="naujoji norvegų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – norvegų bukmolas" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegų bukmolas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – očitarų" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="očitarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE" title="ସୁମାତ୍ରା – odijų" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସୁମାତ୍ରା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odijų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%C3%A6" title="Суматрæ – osetinų" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Суматрæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetinų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – pampangų" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampangų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – lenkų" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="lenkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – italų kalbos Pjemonto tarmė" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="italų kalbos Pjemonto tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="سماٹرا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سماٹرا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – portugalų" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – rumunų" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – rusų" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱥᱩᱢᱟᱛᱨᱟ – santalių" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱩᱢᱟᱛᱨᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – siciliečių" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – serbų-kroatų" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbų-kroatų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F" title="සුමාත්‍රා – sinhalų" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සුමාත්‍රා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – slovakų" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – slovėnų" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovėnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatara" title="Sumatara – šonų" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Sumatara" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – albanų" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – serbų" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – Saterlendo fryzų" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterlendo fryzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – sundų" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – švedų" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – suahilių" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahilių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%AFmatra" title="Sůmatra – sileziečių" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Sůmatra" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="sileziečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE" title="சுமாத்திரா – tamilų" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சுமாத்திரா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="เกาะสุมาตรา – tajų" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกาะสุมาตรา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – tagalogų" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – turkų" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – totorių" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="totorių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Суматра – ukrainiečių" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Суматра" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="سماٹرا – urdų" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سماٹرا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – uzbekų" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – venetų" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatr" title="Sumatr – vepsų" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Sumatr" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – vietnamiečių" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sumatra" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E9%97%A8%E7%AD%94%E8%85%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="苏门答腊岛 – kinų kalbos vu tarmė" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苏门答腊岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos vu tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="სუმატრა – megrelų" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სუმატრა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megrelų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%96%80%E7%AD%94%E8%87%98" title="蘇門答臘 – kinų" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蘇門答臘" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatera" title="Sumatera – kinų kalbos pietų minų tarmė" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sumatera" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos pietų minų tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%96%80%E7%AD%94%E8%87%98" title="蘇門答臘 – kinų kalbos Kantono tarmė" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇門答臘" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos Kantono tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3492#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Keisti tarpkalbines nuorodas" class="wbc-editpage">Keisti nuorodas</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vardų sritys"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Rodyti puslapio turinį [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Straipsnis</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aptarimas:Sumatra" rel="discussion" title="Puslapio turinio aptarimas [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Aptarimas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">lietuvių</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">paslėpti</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Straipsnis iš Vikipedijos, laisvosios enciklopedijos.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lt" dir="ltr"><p><b>Sumatra</b> (rečiau vadinama <i>Sumatara</i> ir <i>Sumatera</i>) – šeštoji <a href="/wiki/Did%C5%BEiausios_salos" class="mw-redirect" title="Didžiausios salos">pagal dydį</a> pasaulio sala (apie 470 000 km²), <a href="/wiki/Sundos_salos" title="Sundos salos">Sundos salyno</a> dalis, priklauso <a href="/wiki/Indonezija" title="Indonezija">Indonezijai</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:LocationSumatra.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/LocationSumatra.svg/275px-LocationSumatra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/LocationSumatra.svg/413px-LocationSumatra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/LocationSumatra.svg/550px-LocationSumatra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Sumatros salos padėtis <a href="/wiki/Pietry%C4%8Di%C5%B3_Azija" title="Pietryčių Azija">Pietryčių Azijoje</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Sundos_salos" title="Sundos salos">Sundos salyne</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Sumatra_Topography.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Sumatra_Topography.png/330px-Sumatra_Topography.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Sumatra_Topography.png/500px-Sumatra_Topography.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Sumatra_Topography.png/960px-Sumatra_Topography.png 2x" data-file-width="2080" data-file-height="2109" /></a><figcaption>Sumatros fizinis žemėlapis:<br /> Šiaurės vakaruose ir pietvakaruose tęsiasi <a href="/wiki/Barisano_kalnai" title="Barisano kalnai">Barisano kalnų</a> grandinė. Salos šiaurės rytuose ir pietryčiuose pelkėtos lygumos</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Sumatra_admin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Sumatra_admin.jpg/275px-Sumatra_admin.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Sumatra_admin.jpg/413px-Sumatra_admin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Sumatra_admin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="446" data-file-height="446" /></a><figcaption>Sumatros politinis-administracinis žemėlapis</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Sinabung.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Sinabung.jpg/275px-Sinabung.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Sinabung.jpg/413px-Sinabung.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Sinabung.jpg/550px-Sinabung.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="698" /></a><figcaption>Sumatros kraštovaizdis. Tolumoje matyti <a href="/wiki/Sinabungas" title="Sinabungas">Sinabungo</a> ugnikalnis (Karo regencija, Šiaurės Sumatra)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Ngarai_Sianok.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Ngarai_Sianok.jpg/275px-Ngarai_Sianok.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Ngarai_Sianok.jpg/413px-Ngarai_Sianok.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Ngarai_Sianok.jpg/550px-Ngarai_Sianok.jpg 2x" data-file-width="855" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sijanoko_kanjonas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sijanoko kanjonas (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Sijanoko kanjonas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vakar%C5%B3_Sumatra" title="Vakarų Sumatra">Vakarų Sumatra</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Sipiso-Piso_Falls_Danau_Toba_View.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Sipiso-Piso_Falls_Danau_Toba_View.jpg/275px-Sipiso-Piso_Falls_Danau_Toba_View.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Sipiso-Piso_Falls_Danau_Toba_View.jpg/413px-Sipiso-Piso_Falls_Danau_Toba_View.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Sipiso-Piso_Falls_Danau_Toba_View.jpg/550px-Sipiso-Piso_Falls_Danau_Toba_View.jpg 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Toba_(Indonezija)" title="Toba (Indonezija)">Toba</a> – didžiausias Sumatroje ežeras bei <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDem%C4%97" title="Žemė">pasaulyje</a> didžiausias vulkaninės kilmės ežeras</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Rafflesia_sumatra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Rafflesia_sumatra.jpg/275px-Rafflesia_sumatra.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="367" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Rafflesia_sumatra.jpg/413px-Rafflesia_sumatra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Rafflesia_sumatra.jpg/550px-Rafflesia_sumatra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnoldin%C4%97_raflezija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnoldinė raflezija (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Arnoldinė raflezija</a> (<i>Rafflesia arnoldii</i>)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Wild_Sumatran_tiger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Wild_Sumatran_tiger.jpg/275px-Wild_Sumatran_tiger.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Wild_Sumatran_tiger.jpg/413px-Wild_Sumatran_tiger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Wild_Sumatran_tiger.jpg/550px-Wild_Sumatran_tiger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="458" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sumatrinis_tigras" title="Sumatrinis tigras">Sumatrinis tigras</a> (<i>Panthera tigris sondaica</i>) – mažiausias <a href="/wiki/Tigras" title="Tigras">tigrų</a> porūšis</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Batak_Warriors_60011135_edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Batak_Warriors_60011135_edit.jpg/330px-Batak_Warriors_60011135_edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Batak_Warriors_60011135_edit.jpg/500px-Batak_Warriors_60011135_edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Batak_Warriors_60011135_edit.jpg/960px-Batak_Warriors_60011135_edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3358" data-file-height="2524" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Batakai" title="Batakai">Batakų</a> tautos kariai (1870 m.)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:House_in_Nias_North_Sumatra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/House_in_Nias_North_Sumatra.jpg/330px-House_in_Nias_North_Sumatra.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/House_in_Nias_North_Sumatra.jpg/500px-House_in_Nias_North_Sumatra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/House_in_Nias_North_Sumatra.jpg/960px-House_in_Nias_North_Sumatra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="586" /></a><figcaption>Tradicinis namas <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iaur%C4%97s_Sumatra" title="Šiaurės Sumatra">Šiaurės Sumatros</a> provincijos Niaso regencijoje</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Medanskyline2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Medanskyline2013.jpg/275px-Medanskyline2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Medanskyline2013.jpg/413px-Medanskyline2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Medanskyline2013.jpg/550px-Medanskyline2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Medanas" title="Medanas">Medanas</a> – stambiausias Sumatros miestas</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administracinis_suskirstymas">Administracinis suskirstymas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Administracinis suskirstymas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Administracinis suskirstymas"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sumatra yra suskirstyta į 10 provincijų : </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banka-Belitungas" class="mw-redirect" title="Banka-Belitungas">Banka-Belitungas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benkulu" title="Benkulu">Benkulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEambis" title="Džambis">Džambis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampungas" title="Lampungas">Lampungas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C4%8Dehas" title="Ačehas">Ačehas</a></li></ul> </td> <td valign="top"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Riau" title="Riau">Riau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riau_salos" title="Riau salos">Riau salos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vakar%C5%B3_Sumatra" title="Vakarų Sumatra">Vakarų Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piet%C5%B3_Sumatra" title="Pietų Sumatra">Pietų Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iaur%C4%97s_Sumatra" title="Šiaurės Sumatra">Šiaurės Sumatra</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istorija">Istorija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Istorija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Istorija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Priešistorė"><span id="Prie.C5.A1istor.C4.97"></span>Priešistorė</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Priešistorė" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Priešistorė"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Maždaug prieš 5000 metų Kinijos žemyninės dalies gyventojai migravo į rytus ir apsigyveno Taivane. Maždaug <a href="/wiki/2000_m._pr._m._e." class="mw-redirect" title="2000 m. pr. m. e.">2000 m. pr. m. e.</a> prasidėjo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Austranezie%C4%8Diai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Austraneziečiai (puslapis neegzistuoja)">austraneziečių</a> migracija iš Taivano į Filipinus. Dar viena migracijos banga iš Filipinų pasiekė <a href="/wiki/Timoras_(sala)" title="Timoras (sala)">Timorą</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Sulavesis" title="Sulavesis">Sulavesį</a>, o iš čia ir kitas Indonezijos salyno salas, įskaitant Sumatrą. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ankstyvoji_istorija">Ankstyvoji istorija</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Ankstyvoji istorija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Ankstyvoji istorija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Senasis salos pavadinimas – <i>Swarna Dwipa</i> (<a href="/wiki/Sanskrito_kalba" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrito kalba">sanskr. k.</a> – „Aukso Sala“ arba „Aukso Krantas“). Indų epe <a href="/wiki/Ramajana" title="Ramajana">Ramajana</a> parašytame tarp III a.pr.m.e ir III m. e. a. minima Suvarnadvipa, „aukso sala“, greičiausiai buvo Sumatra, nes vakarinėje jos dalyje buvo išgaunamas auksas. Moderniosios geografijos pradininkas <a href="/wiki/Ptolem%C4%97jas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemėjas">Ptolemėjas</a> (90-168 m.) mini Aukso pusiasalį, kuriuo vadintas <a href="/wiki/Malajos_pusiasalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Malajos pusiasalis">Malajos pusiasalis</a> arba Sumatra. Nuo seno vyko prekybiniai mainai su <a href="/wiki/Indija" title="Indija">Indija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kinija_(regionas)" title="Kinija (regionas)">Kinija</a>, Indokinijos kraštais. </p><p>Pati sala geografiškai, etniškai ir kultūriškai gali būti padalinta į atskiras zonas. </p><p>Didžiausia jų – derlinga rytinė Sumatra (<a href="/wiki/Palembangas" title="Palembangas">Palembango</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEiambi" class="mw-redirect" title="Džiambi">Džiambi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riau" title="Riau">Riau</a> provincijos), vagojama didelių upių. Ji, drauge su <a href="/wiki/Malakos_pusiasalis" title="Malakos pusiasalis">Malakos pusiasaliu</a> ir smulkiomis salomis tarp jų (<a href="/wiki/Riau_salos" title="Riau salos">Riau salų provincija</a>), yra apgyvendintos <a href="/wiki/Malajai" title="Malajai">malajų</a>. Apie <a href="/wiki/VII_am%C5%BEius" title="VII amžius">VII a.</a> juos suvienijo hinduistinė <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0rivid%C5%BEaja" title="Šrividžaja">Šrivadžajos</a> karalystė, susikūrusi <a href="/wiki/II_am%C5%BEius" title="II amžius">II</a>-<a href="/wiki/V_am%C5%BEius" title="V amžius">V</a> a. aplink Palembango miestą. Šrividžaja pasak arabų ir kinų šaltinių kontroliavo <a href="/wiki/Malakos_s%C4%85siauris" title="Malakos sąsiauris">Malakos sąsiaurį</a> svarbų tarptautinės prekybos kelią. Jos įtaka susilpnėjo tik apie <a href="/wiki/XI_am%C5%BEius" title="XI amžius">XI a.</a>, įsiveržus Indijos Čola armijai, o XIII a. sala pateko į <a href="/wiki/Mad%C5%BEapahitas" title="Madžapahitas">Madžapahito</a> imperijos (kilusios iš <a href="/wiki/Java_(sala)" title="Java (sala)">Javos</a>) įtakos sferą. Vėliau malajų sritis kontroliavo <a href="/wiki/Melakos_sultonatas" title="Melakos sultonatas">Melakos</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEiohoro_sultonatas" class="mw-redirect" title="Džiohoro sultonatas">Džiohoro</a> sultonatai. </p><p>Kitas regionas yra šiaurinė Sumatra (<a href="/wiki/A%C4%8Dehas" title="Ačehas">Ačeho provincija</a>), ypač jos pakrantės, apgyvendintos <a href="/wiki/A%C4%8Dehai" title="Ačehai">ačehų</a>. Čia kūrėsi patys pirmieji prekybiniai <a href="/wiki/Malaj%C5%B3_salynas" title="Malajų salynas">Malajų salyno</a> miestai, čia pirmiausia ateidavo visos naujovės: ačehų Samudra karalystė į <a href="/wiki/Islamas" title="Islamas">islamą</a> atsivertė jau XII a. XVII a <a href="/wiki/A%C4%8Deho_sultonatas" title="Ačeho sultonatas">Ačeho sultonatas</a> įgijo hegemoniją didelėje dalyje salyno. </p><p>Kalnuotos vakarinės Sumatros vidurinė dalis (<a href="/wiki/Vakar%C5%B3_Sumatra" title="Vakarų Sumatra">Vakarų Sumatros provincija</a>) II tūkstantmetyje buvo kontroliuojamos <a href="/wiki/Minangkabau" title="Minangkabau">minangkabau</a> tautos, kuri sukūrė savo valstybę ir puoselėjo savitas tradicijas. </p><p>Į šiaurę nuo minangkabau, kalnuotuose regionuose (<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iaur%C4%97s_Sumatra" title="Šiaurės Sumatra">Šiaurės Sumatros provincija</a>) gyvena <a href="/wiki/Batakai" title="Batakai">batakai</a>, o į pietus (<a href="/wiki/Pietin%C4%97_Sumatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Pietinė Sumatra">Pietinės Sumatros</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Benkulu" title="Benkulu">Benkulu</a> provincijos) – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red%C5%BEiangai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Redžiangai (puslapis neegzistuoja)">redžiangai</a> ir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lompongai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lompongai (puslapis neegzistuoja)">lompongai</a>. Pastarieji ilgą laiką buvo <a href="/wiki/Java_(sala)" title="Java (sala)">Javos</a> <a href="/wiki/Sundai" title="Sundai">sundų</a> valstybės įtakoje ir tiekė jai pipirus bei kitas paklausias prekes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europiečių_atvykimas"><span id="Europie.C4.8Di.C5.B3_atvykimas"></span>Europiečių atvykimas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Europiečių atvykimas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Europiečių atvykimas"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/1511" class="mw-redirect" title="1511">1511</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Portugalija" title="Portugalija">portugalų</a> laivynas, vadovaujamas vice – karaliaus <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afonso_de_Albuquerque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afonso de Albuquerque (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Afonso de Albuquerque</a>, išplaukęs iš <a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indija" title="Indija">Indijoje</a>) užėmė <a href="/wiki/Malaka" title="Malaka">Malaką</a>, tuo metu stambų Pietryčių Azijos uostą. Sultonas Mahmudas pabėgo į <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bintanas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bintanas (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Bintano salą</a>, vėliau įkūrė naują sostinę <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEiohoras" class="mw-redirect" title="Džiohoras">Džiohore</a>, pietinėje Malajos pusiasalio dalyje. </p><p>XIX a. pradžioje sustiprėjo islamiškasis atsinaujinimo judėjimas. <a href="/wiki/1815" class="mw-redirect" title="1815">1815</a> m. šiam judėjimui besipriešinusi karališkoji <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tanah_Datar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tanah Datar (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Tanah Datar</a> šeima buvo išžudyta. Minangkabau kilmingieji paprašė olandų pagalbos. Taip į olandų rankas pateko pietinė salos dalis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kolonijinė_istorija"><span id="Kolonijin.C4.97_istorija"></span>Kolonijinė istorija</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Kolonijinė istorija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Kolonijinė istorija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/1871" class="mw-redirect" title="1871">1871</a> m. Nyderlandai su Anglija pasirašė <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatros_sutartis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumatros sutartis (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Sumatros sutartį</a>. Pagal ją olandai atidavė anglams savo valdas vakarų Afrikoje, o už tai gavo anglų sutikimą elgtis savo nuožiūra su Ačehu. <a href="/wiki/1873" class="mw-redirect" title="1873">1873</a> m. amerikiečių konsulas <a href="/wiki/Singap%C5%ABras" title="Singapūras">Singapūre</a> susitiko su Ačeho emisaru aptarti galimą šių šalių sutartį. Nyderlandai nusprendė užimti Ačehą, kas pavyko po ilgos kovos. <a href="/wiki/1941" class="mw-redirect" title="1941">1941</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Gruod%C5%BEio_28" title="Gruodžio 28">gruodžio 28</a> d. į Sumatrą įsiveržė <a href="/wiki/Japonija" title="Japonija">Japonijos</a> armija, okupacija tęsėsi iki 1945 m. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modernioji_istorija">Modernioji istorija</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Modernioji istorija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Modernioji istorija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nuo 1945 m. – Indonezijos dalis. 2004 m. per Kalėdas salą nusiaubė <a href="/wiki/Cunamis" title="Cunamis">cunamis</a>, <a href="/wiki/2005" class="mw-redirect" title="2005">2005</a> m. – žemės drebėjimas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografija">Geografija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Geografija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Geografija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sala yra vulkaninės kilmės, priklauso Didžiosioms Sundos saloms (kartu su <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sulavesis" title="Sulavesis">Sulavesiu</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Java_(sala)" title="Java (sala)">Java</a>). Pusiaujas eina salos viduriu. Vakarinį salos krantą skalauja <a href="/wiki/Indijos_vandenynas" title="Indijos vandenynas">Indijos vandenynas</a>, šiaurrytinį – <a href="/wiki/Malakos_s%C4%85siauris" title="Malakos sąsiauris">Malakos sąsiauris</a>, skiriantis nuo <a href="/wiki/Azija" title="Azija">Azijos</a>, į pietus nuo salos yra <a href="/wiki/Java_(sala)" title="Java (sala)">Javos sala</a> (salas skiria <a href="/wiki/Sundos_s%C4%85siauris" title="Sundos sąsiauris">Sundos sąsiauris</a>), rytuose – <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a> (salas skiria <a href="/wiki/Karimatos_s%C4%85siauris" title="Karimatos sąsiauris">Karimatos sąsiauris</a>). </p><p>Išilgai salos, vakarinėje dalyje, eina ilgas Barisano (<i>Pan Barisan</i>) kalnagūbris (aukščiausia viršūnė – <a href="/wiki/Kerin%C4%8Dis" title="Kerinčis">Kerinčis</a>, 3805 m), rytinėje dalyje plyti drėgnos, pelkėtos lygumos (vienas svarbiausių ir derlingiausių agrokultūrinių Indonezijos rajonų). Pagrindinės kultūros: kaučiukas, arbata, kava, pipirai, kopra. Saloje vyrauja drėgnas tropikų klimatas, miškai užima du trečdalius teritorijos. Yra aukso, sidabro ir anglies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gyventojai">Gyventojai</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Gyventojai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Gyventojai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saloje gyvena apie 50 mln. gyventojų 2014 m (tankumas – 106 žm./km²): tankiausiai gyvenama šiauriniuose ir vakariniuose regionuose (centrai <a href="/wiki/Medanas" title="Medanas">Medanas</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Padangas" title="Padangas">Padangas</a>). Gyventojai – <a href="/wiki/Malajai" title="Malajai">malajų</a> kilmės, kalba 52 vietinėmis kalbomis, tačiau gentys etniškai panašios. Miestuose gyvena nemažai <a href="/wiki/Kinai" title="Kinai">kinų</a>. </p><p>Vyraujanti religija – <a href="/wiki/Islamas" title="Islamas">islamas</a> (81 %), yra <a href="/wiki/Krik%C5%A1%C4%8Dionyb%C4%97" title="Krikščionybė">krikščionių</a> (<a href="/wiki/Protestantizmas" title="Protestantizmas">protestantai</a> ir <a href="/wiki/Katalikyb%C4%97" title="Katalikybė">katalikai</a>; 12 %), <a href="/wiki/Hinduizmas" title="Hinduizmas">hinduistų</a> (4 %), <a href="/wiki/Budizmas" title="Budizmas">budistų</a>. </p><p>Gyventojai kalba <a href="/wiki/Malaj%C5%B3-polinezie%C4%8Di%C5%B3_kalbos" title="Malajų-polineziečių kalbos">malajų-polineziečių kalbomis</a>. Viena šios grupės šaka vadinama „Sumatros kalbomis“ ir apima šias kalbas: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Batak%C5%B3_kalba" class="mw-redirect" title="Batakų kalba">Batakų</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engano_kalba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Engano kalba (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Engano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentavaj%C5%B3_kalba" title="Mentavajų kalba">Mentavajų</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niaso_kalba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niaso kalba (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Niaso</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simeulu%C4%97s_kalba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simeuluės kalba (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Simeuluė</a></li></ul> <p>Šiomis kalbomis kalbama vakarinėje <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iaur%C4%97s_Sumatra" title="Šiaurės Sumatra">Šiaurės Sumatros</a> provincijos dalyje ir salose palei vakarinę Sumatros pakrantę. </p><p>Kitos Sumatros kalbos taip pat priklauso malajų–polineziečių kalboms, tačiau kitoms grupėms: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaj%C5%B3_kalba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gajų kalba (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Gajų kalba</a> kalbama <a href="/wiki/A%C4%8Dehas" title="Ačehas">Ačeho</a> provincijos pietinėje dalyje, nepriklauso jokiai grupei.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lampungo_kalba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lampungo kalba (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Lampungo kalba</a> kalbama <a href="/wiki/Lampungas" title="Lampungas">Lampungo</a> provincijoje</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaj%C5%B3_kalba" title="Malajų kalba">malajų</a> kalba ir jos variantai (<a href="/wiki/A%C4%8Deh%C5%B3_kalba" title="Ačehų kalba">ačehų</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Didžiausi_miestai"><span id="Did.C5.BEiausi_miestai"></span>Didžiausi miestai</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Didžiausi miestai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Didžiausi miestai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Nr. </th> <th>Miestas </th> <th>Provincija </th> <th>Gyv. skaičius </th> <th>Miesto gimtadienis </th> <th>Plotas (km²) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Medanas" title="Medanas">Medanas</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iaur%C4%97s_Sumatra" title="Šiaurės Sumatra">Šiaurės Sumatra</a> </td> <td>2 097 610 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1590" class="mw-redirect" title="1590">1590</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Liepos_1" title="Liepos 1">liepos 1</a> d. </td> <td>265,10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Palembangas" title="Palembangas">Palembangas</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Piet%C5%B3_Sumatra" title="Pietų Sumatra">Pietų Sumatra</a> </td> <td>1 455 284 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/683" class="mw-redirect" title="683">683</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Bir%C5%BEelio_17" title="Birželio 17">birželio 17</a> d. </td> <td>374,03 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pekanbaru" title="Pekanbaru">Pekanbaru</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riau" title="Riau">Riau</a> </td> <td>903 902 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1784" class="mw-redirect" title="1784">1784</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Bir%C5%BEelio_23" title="Birželio 23">birželio 23</a> d. </td> <td>63,23 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Lampungas" title="Bandar Lampungas">Bandar Lampungas</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lampungas" title="Lampungas">Lampungas</a> </td> <td>881 801 </td> <td> </td> <td>19,30 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Padangas" title="Padangas">Padangas</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vakar%C5%B3_Sumatra" title="Vakarų Sumatra">Vakarų Sumatra</a> </td> <td>833 562 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rugpj%C5%AB%C4%8Dio_7" title="Rugpjūčio 7">rugpjūčio 7</a> d. </td> <td>694,96 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEambis_(miestas)" title="Džambis (miestas)">Džambis</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEambis" title="Džambis">Džambis</a> </td> <td>531 857 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1946" class="mw-redirect" title="1946">1946</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Gegu%C5%BE%C4%97s_17" title="Gegužės 17">gegužės 17</a> d. </td> <td>103,54 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Benkulu_(miestas)" title="Benkulu (miestas)">Bengkulu</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bengkulu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengkulu">Bengkulu</a> </td> <td>308 544 </td> <td> </td> <td>144,62 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 </td> <td><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bind%C5%BEajus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bindžajus (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Bindžajus</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iaur%C4%97s_Sumatra" title="Šiaurės Sumatra">Šiaurės Sumatra</a> </td> <td>246 154 </td> <td> </td> <td>90,33 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 </td> <td><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pematang_Siantaras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pematang Siantaras (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Pematang Siantaras</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iaur%C4%97s_Sumatra" title="Šiaurės Sumatra">Šiaurės Sumatra</a> </td> <td>234 698 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1871" class="mw-redirect" title="1871">1871</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Baland%C5%BEio_24" title="Balandžio 24">balandžio 24</a> d. </td> <td>60,52 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 </td> <td><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dumajus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dumajus (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Dumajus</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riau" title="Riau">Riau</a> </td> <td>229 881 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1999" class="mw-redirect" title="1999">1999</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Baland%C5%BEio_20" title="Balandžio 20">balandžio 20</a> d. </td> <td>172,74 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Banda_A%C4%8Dehas" title="Banda Ačehas">Banda Ačehas</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/A%C4%8Dehas" title="Ačehas">Ačehas</a> </td> <td>223 446 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1205" class="mw-redirect" title="1205">1205</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Baland%C5%BEio_22" title="Balandžio 22">balandžio 22</a> d. </td> <td>61,36 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 </td> <td><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lubuklingau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lubuklingau (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Lubuklingau</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Piet%C5%B3_Sumatra" title="Pietų Sumatra">Pietų Sumatra</a> </td> <td>201 308 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2001" class="mw-redirect" title="2001">2001</a> m. <a href="/wiki/Rugpj%C5%AB%C4%8Dio_17" title="Rugpjūčio 17">rugpjūčio 17</a> d. </td> <td>419,80 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Augalija">Augalija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Augalija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Augalija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saloje kaip <a href="/wiki/Endemizmas" title="Endemizmas">endeminė</a> rūšis savaime auga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnoldin%C4%97_raflezija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnoldinė raflezija (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Arnoldinė raflezija</a> (<i>Rafflesia arnoldii</i>) – jos žiedas laikomas vienas didžiausių tarp kitų žydinčių augalų rūšių. </p><p>2008 m. spalio mėnesyje Indonezijos valdžia paskelbė planą išsaugoti išlikusius Sumatros miškus<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gyvūnija"><span id="Gyv.C5.ABnija"></span>Gyvūnija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Gyvūnija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Gyvūnija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sumatroje gyvena dvi iš tryjų <a href="/wiki/Orangutanas" class="mw-redirect" title="Orangutanas">orangutanų</a> rūšių – <a href="/wiki/Sumatrinis_orangutanas" title="Sumatrinis orangutanas">Sumatrinis orangutanas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tapanulio_orangutanas" title="Tapanulio orangutanas">Tapanulio orangutanas</a>. Sumatroje taip pat gyvena <a href="/wiki/Sumatrinis_tigras" title="Sumatrinis tigras">Sumatrinis tigras</a> – mažiausias <a href="/wiki/Tigras" title="Tigras">tigrų</a> porūšis. 2007 m. duomenimis, 51,944 km² teritorijoje suskaičiuoti 441–679 Sumatriniai tigrai, bet pagal naujausius tyrinėjimus, įskaitant kitas vietoves tinkamas šiems tigrams gyventi, kaip manoma jų realus skaičius galbūt yra didesnis<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Taip pat čia gyvena <a href="/wiki/Sumatrinis_raganosis" title="Sumatrinis raganosis">Sumatriniai raganosiai</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatrinis_dramblys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumatrinis dramblys (puslapis neegzistuoja)">Sumatriniai drambliai</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kita_informacija">Kita informacija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Kita informacija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Kita informacija"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Salos šiaurėje yra <a href="/wiki/A%C4%8Dehas" title="Ačehas">Ačeho ypatingas regionas</a> (<i>Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam</i>) – speciali teritorija, siekianti nepriklausomybės.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taip_pat_skaitykite">Taip pat skaitykite</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Taip pat skaitykite" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Taip pat skaitykite"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java_(sala)" title="Java (sala)">Java</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulavesis" title="Sulavesis">Sulavesis</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Šaltiniai"><span id=".C5.A0altiniai"></span>Šaltiniai</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Šaltiniai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Šaltiniai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">ens-newswire.com / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/oct2008/2008-10-14-01.html">Forest, Wildlife Protection Pledged at World Conservation Congress</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180718175147/http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/oct2008/2008-10-14-01.html">Archyvuota kopija</a> 2018-07-18 iš <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> projekto., October 14, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">iucnredlist.org / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/15966/0">Panthera tigris ssp. sumatrae</a></span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nuorodos">Nuorodos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Nuorodos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumatra&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Nuorodos"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>britannica.com / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Sumatra">Sumatra</a> | <i><a href="/wiki/Angl%C5%B3_kalba" title="Anglų kalba">angliškai</a></i></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <table border="0" align="right" width="250" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" class="noprint" style="clear: right; 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