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aria-label="Izskats" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Izskats</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&uselang=lv" class=""><span>Ziedojumi</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Ogleklis" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti." class=""><span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Ogleklis" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Vairāk iespēju" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dalībnieka rīki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dalībnieka izvēlne" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&uselang=lv"><span>Ziedojumi</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Ogleklis" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Ogleklis" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Lapas redaktoriem, kuri nav pieslēgušies <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Ievads" aria-label="Uzzini vairāk par rediģēšanu"><span>uzzināt vairāk</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="Labojumi, kas veikti no šīs IP adreses [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Devums</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Diskusija par labojumiem, kas izdarīti no šīs IP adreses [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusijas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vietne"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Saturs" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Saturs</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Sākums</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Oglekļa_atrašanās_dabā" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oglekļa_atrašanās_dabā"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Oglekļa atrašanās dabā</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oglekļa_atrašanās_dabā-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oglekļa_alotropiskie_veidi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oglekļa_alotropiskie_veidi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Oglekļa alotropiskie veidi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Oglekļa_alotropiskie_veidi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Pārslēgt Oglekļa alotropiskie veidi apakšsadaļu</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Oglekļa_alotropiskie_veidi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Grafīts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grafīts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Grafīts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grafīts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Amorfais_ogleklis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amorfais_ogleklis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Amorfais ogleklis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amorfais_ogleklis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dimants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dimants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Dimants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dimants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Karbīns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karbīns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Karbīns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Karbīns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ķīmiskās_īpašības" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ķīmiskās_īpašības"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ķīmiskās īpašības</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ķīmiskās_īpašības-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oglekļa_savienojumi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oglekļa_savienojumi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Oglekļa savienojumi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Oglekļa_savienojumi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Pārslēgt Oglekļa savienojumi apakšsadaļu</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Oglekļa_savienojumi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oglekļa(II)_savienojumi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oglekļa(II)_savienojumi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Oglekļa(II) savienojumi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oglekļa(II)_savienojumi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oglekļa(IV)_savienojumi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oglekļa(IV)_savienojumi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Oglekļa(IV) savienojumi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oglekļa(IV)_savienojumi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skatīt_arī" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skatīt_arī"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Skatīt arī</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skatīt_arī-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ārējās_saites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ārējās_saites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ārējās saites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ārējās_saites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Saturs" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pārslēgt satura rādītāju" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pārslēgt satura rādītāju</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ogleklis</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pāriet uz rakstu citā valodā. Pieejams 203 valodās" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-203" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">203 valodas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolstof" title="Koolstof – afrikandu" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koolstof" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikandu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff – Šveices vācu" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kohlenstoff" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Šveices vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AB%E1%88%AD%E1%89%A6%E1%8A%95" title="ካርቦን – amharu" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ካርቦን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio – aragoniešu" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Carbonio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8" title="कार्बन – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="कार्बन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="labs raksts"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" title="كربون – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كربون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" title="كاربون – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كاربون" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" title="كاربون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كاربون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8" title="কাৰ্বন – asamiešu" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কাৰ্বন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonu" title="Carbonu – astūriešu" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Carbonu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astūriešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" title="کربون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کربون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Углерод – baškīru" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Углерод" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškīru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – baliešu" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="baliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ongl%C4%97" title="Onglė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Onglė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Вуглярод – baltkrievu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вуглярод" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltkrievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Вуглярод – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вуглярод" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Въглерод – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Въглерод" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8" title="कार्बन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कार्बन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%97%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ကာဗွန် – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ကာဗွန်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8" title="কার্বন – bengāļu" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কার্বন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%97%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="སོལ་རྗས། – tibetiešu" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སོལ་རྗས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – bretoņu" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljik" title="Ugljik – bosniešu" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ugljik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D2%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%88%D1%8D" title="Нүүрһэнтүрэгшэ – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Нүүрһэнтүрэгшэ" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboni" title="Carboni – katalāņu" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Carboni" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1ng" title="Táng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Táng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – sebuāņu" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebuāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A4%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%94_%E1%8F%85%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%B3%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%B4%E1%8F%85_%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%97%E1%8E%A8" title="ᎤᎦᏔ ᏅᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ ᏬᏗᎨ – čiroku" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎤᎦᏔ ᏅᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ ᏬᏗᎨ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="čiroku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%86%D9%86" title="کاربۆن – centrālkurdu" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کاربۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centrālkurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboniu" title="Carboniu – korsikāņu" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Carboniu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhl%C3%ADk" title="Uhlík – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Uhlík" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%C4%83%D0%BC%D1%80%C4%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%C4%83%D1%88" title="Кăмрăкамăш – čuvašu" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кăмрăкамăш" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvašu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon – velsiešu" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velsiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="ieteikts raksts"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kohlenstoff" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuglik" title="Wuglik – lejassorbu" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Wuglik" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="lejassorbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Άνθρακας – grieķu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άνθρακας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grieķu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="labs raksts"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbono" title="Karbono – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Karbono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbono" title="Carbono – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carbono" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCsinik" title="Süsinik – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Süsinik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbono" title="Karbono – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Karbono" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonu" title="Carbonu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Carbonu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vērtīgs raksts"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86" title="کربن – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کربن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiili" title="Hiili – somu" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hiili" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="somu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaboni" title="Kaboni – fidžiešu" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kaboni" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidžiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolevni" title="Kolevni – fēru" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kolevni" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="fēru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbone" title="Carbone – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carbone" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karboon_(element)" title="Karboon (element) – ziemeļfrīzu" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Karboon (element)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ziemeļfrīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboni" title="Carboni – friūlu" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Carboni" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friūlu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koalstof" title="Koalstof – rietumfrīzu" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Koalstof" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="rietumfrīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B3n" title="Carbón – īru" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Carbón" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="īru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="碳" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbonn" title="Karbonn – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Karbonn" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gualan" title="Gualan – skotu gēlu" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Gualan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotu gēlu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbono" title="Carbono – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Carbono" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatap%E1%BB%B9i" title="Tatapỹi – gvaranu" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tatapỹi" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaranu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%A8" title="કાર્બન – gudžaratu" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કાર્બન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžaratu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboan" title="Carboan – meniešu" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Carboan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="meniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Than" title="Than – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Than" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalepona" title="Kalepona – havajiešu" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kalepona" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="havajiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="פחמן – ivrits" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פחמן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8" title="कार्बन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कार्बन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koila" title="Koila – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Koila" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljik" title="Ugljik – horvātu" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ugljik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuhlik" title="Wuhlik – augšsorbu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wuhlik" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="augšsorbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kab%C3%B2n" title="Kabòn – haitiešu" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kabòn" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A9n" title="Szén – ungāru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szén" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AE%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Ածխածին – armēņu" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ածխածին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AD" title="Բնածուխ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Բնածուխ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon – interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – indonēziešu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonēziešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon – interlingve" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingve" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – iloku" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbo" title="Karbo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Karbo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolefni" title="Kolefni – islandiešu" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kolefni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carbonio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%82%AD%E7%B4%A0" title="炭素 – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="炭素" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaban" title="Kaaban – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kaaban" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/tabno" title="tabno – ložbans" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="tabno" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ložbans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – javiešu" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ნახშირბადი – gruzīnu" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნახშირბადი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aka%E1%B9%9Bbun" title="Akaṛbun – kabilu" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Akaṛbun" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kar%C9%A9b%C9%94n%C9%A9" title="Karɩbɔnɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Karɩbɔnɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon – kikuju" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Көміртегі – kazahu" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Көміртегі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2" title="ಇಂಗಾಲ – kannadu" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಂಗಾಲ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%84%EC%86%8C" title="탄소 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="탄소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Шомувтыр – komiešu-permiešu" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Шомувтыр" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komiešu-permiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff – Ķelnes vācu" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Kohlenstoff" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Ķelnes vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – kurdu" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Шомчужысь – komiešu" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Шомчужысь" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – korniešu" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="korniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BC%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Көмүртек – kirgīzu" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Көмүртек" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonium" title="Carbonium – latīņu" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carbonium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latīņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuelestoff" title="Kuelestoff – luksemburgiešu" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kuelestoff" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburgiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Углерод – lezgīnu" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Углерод" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbono" title="Carbono – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Carbono" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolstof" title="Koolstof – limburgiešu" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Koolstof" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Carbonio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonie" title="Carbonie – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Carbonie" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboni" title="Carboni – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Carboni" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaboni" title="Kaboni – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Kaboni" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%99" title="ຄາບອນ – laosiešu" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຄາບອນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglis" title="Anglis – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Anglis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Седель – mokšu" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Седель" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokšu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karb%C3%B4nina" title="Karbônina – malagasu" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Karbônina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%B1%D0%B9%D0%B4%D3%B1%D2%A5" title="Шӱйдӱҥ – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шӱйдӱҥ" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waro" title="Waro – maoru" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Waro" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maoru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – minangkabavu" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabavu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Јаглерод – maķedoniešu" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јаглерод" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="maķedoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BA" title="കാർബൺ – malajalu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കാർബൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87" title="Нүүрстөрөгч – mongoļu" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нүүрстөрөгч" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ – manipūru" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipūru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8" title="कार्बन – marathu" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कार्बन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Углерод – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Углерод" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – malajiešu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbonju" title="Karbonju – maltiešu" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Karbonju" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%97%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ကာဗွန် – birmiešu" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကာဗွန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C" title="Седь – erzju" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Седь" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecolli" title="Tecolli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tecolli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kohlenstoff" title="Kohlenstoff – lejasvācu" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kohlenstoff" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lejasvācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8" title="कार्बन – nepāliešu" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कार्बन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepāliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8" title="कार्बन – nevaru" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कार्बन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolstof" title="Koolstof – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koolstof" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – jaunnorvēģu" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="jaunnorvēģu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – norvēģu bukmols" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvēģu bukmols" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbo" title="Karbo – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Karbo" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1%C3%A1bin" title="Káábin – navahu" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Káábin" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B2ni" title="Carbòni – oksitāņu" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Carbòni" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiilisuadu" title="Hiilisuadu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Hiilisuadu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaarboonii" title="Kaarboonii – oromu" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kaarboonii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%97%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%95" title="ଅଙ୍ଗାରକ – oriju" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଅଙ୍ଗାରକ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Æвзалыгуыр – osetīnu" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Æвзалыгуыр" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A8" title="ਕਾਰਬਨ – pandžabu" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਾਰਬਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – papjamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papjamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="कार्बोन – pāli" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="कार्बोन" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pāli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C4%99giel_(pierwiastek)" title="Węgiel (pierwiastek) – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Węgiel (pierwiastek)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B2ni" title="Carbòni – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Carbòni" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86" title="کاربن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کاربن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" title="کاربون – puštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کاربون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbono" title="Carbono – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carbono" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%27illimsayaq" title="K'illimsayaq – kečvu" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="K'illimsayaq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečvu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon – rumāņu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonu" title="Carbonu – aromūnu" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Carbonu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromūnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Углерод – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Углерод" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Карбон – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Карбон" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8" title="कार्बन – sanskrits" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कार्बन" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Харыалык – jakutu" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Харыалык" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B2niu" title="Carbòniu – sardīniešu" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Carbòniu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carb%C3%B2niu" title="Carbòniu – sicīliešu" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Carbòniu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicīliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caurbon" title="Caurbon – skotu" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Caurbon" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ڪاربان – sindhu" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪاربان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljenik" title="Ugljenik – serbu–horvātu" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ugljenik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbu–horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="කාබන් – singāļu" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කාබන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhl%C3%ADk" title="Uhlík – slovāku" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Uhlík" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovāku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86" title="کاربن – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="کاربن" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogljik" title="Ogljik – slovēņu" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ogljik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Ci%C4%91%C4%91%C3%A2" title="Čiđđâ – Inari sāmu" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Čiđđâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari sāmu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabhoni" title="Kabhoni – šonu" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Kabhoni" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šonu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaarboon" title="Kaarboon – somāļu" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kaarboon" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karboni" title="Karboni – albāņu" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Karboni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Угљеник – serbu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Угљеник" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolestof" title="Koolestof – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Koolestof" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – zundu" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="zundu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kol" title="Kol – zviedru" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kol" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="zviedru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaboni" title="Kaboni – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kaboni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கரிமம் – tamilu" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கரிமம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="కార్బన్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కార్బన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Карбон – tadžiku" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Карбон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="คาร์บอน – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คาร์บอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – tagalu" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon – turku" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Karbon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Углерод – tatāru" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Углерод" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Углерод – tuviešu" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Углерод" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" title="كاربون – uiguru" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كاربون" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Вуглець – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вуглець" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86" title="کاربن – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کاربن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uglerod" title="Uglerod – uzbeku" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Uglerod" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Carbonio" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hil%27nik" title="Hil'nik – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Hil'nik" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon – vjetnamiešu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Carbon" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbong" title="Carbong – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Carbong" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbin" title="Karbin – volapiks" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Karbin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbone" title="Carbone – valoņu" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Carbone" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valoņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbono" title="Carbono – varaju" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Carbono" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳 – vu ķīniešu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="碳" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Углерод – kalmiku" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Углерод" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-carbon" title="I-carbon – khosu" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-carbon" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="khosu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A3" title="קוילנשטאף – jidišs" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קוילנשטאף" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidišs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1rb%E1%BB%8D%CC%80n%C3%B9" title="Kárbọ̀nù – jorubu" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kárbọ̀nù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danq" title="Danq – džuanu" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Danq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="džuanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A5%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%A5%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8E" title="ⴰⵥⵓⵥⵉⵎ – standarta tamazigtu (Maroka)" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵥⵓⵥⵉⵎ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standarta tamazigtu (Maroka)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳 – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="碳" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="碳" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%B2a%E2%81%BF-s%C3%B2%CD%98" title="Thòaⁿ-sò͘ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thòaⁿ-sò͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳 – kantoniešu" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="碳" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmCalahle" title="UmCalahle – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UmCalahle" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q623#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Labot starpvalodu saites" class="wbc-editpage">Labot saites</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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#B0C4DE; border-left: 1px solid #B0C4DE; border-right: 1px solid #B0C4DE;">Ogleklis</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <table style="padding-left:10px;padding-right:15px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table style="background-color: #a0ffa0; border:1px solid #999999;padding:2px;font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;height:120px;width:120px;float:left; border-radius:15px"> <tbody><tr> <td width="150" style="font-size:1.2em;line-height:1;font-weight:bold;vertical-align:top; text-align:left;">6 </td> <td width="20" rowspan="3" style="text-align:right;vertical-align:bottom;"><div style="font-family:monospace;font-size:1.2em;line-height:1;text-align:right;"> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br />4<br />2</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle"><span style="margin-left:10px;font-size:3.4em;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;">C</span><br /> <p><span style="margin-left:10px;font-size:0.8em;line-height:1.1;">12,0107 g/mol</span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:bottom;"><span style="font-size:0.9em;line-height:1;font-weight:bold;">[He]2s<sup>2</sup>2p<sup>2</sup></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="text-align: center; font-size: 80%; background-color: #F0FFFF; padding-top:20px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:C-TableImage.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/C-TableImage.svg/300px-C-TableImage.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/C-TableImage.svg/450px-C-TableImage.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/C-TableImage.svg/600px-C-TableImage.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="671" data-file-height="202" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Uhl%C3%ADk.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Uhl%C3%ADk.PNG/250px-Uhl%C3%ADk.PNG" decoding="async" width="250" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Uhl%C3%ADk.PNG/375px-Uhl%C3%ADk.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Uhl%C3%ADk.PNG/500px-Uhl%C3%ADk.PNG 2x" data-file-width="628" data-file-height="175" /></a></span><br />Ogles pulveris</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray; background-color: #ECECFB;;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Oksid%C4%93%C5%A1anas_pak%C4%81pe" title="Oksidēšanas pakāpe">Oksidēšanas pakāpes</a></th><td style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"> <b>+4</b>, +3, <b>+2</b>, +1, 0, −1, −2, −3, <b>−4</b><br /> (organiskos savienojumos parasti daļskaitlis)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray; background-color: #ECECFB;;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Elektronegativit%C4%81te" title="Elektronegativitāte">Elektronegativitāte</a></th><td style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"> 2,55</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray; background-color: #ECECFB;;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Bl%C4%ABvums" title="Blīvums">Blīvums</a></th><td style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"> 2267 <a href="/wiki/Kilograms" title="Kilograms">kg</a>/<a href="/wiki/Metrs" title="Metrs">m</a><sup>3</sup> (grafīts), 3516 - 3525 <a href="/wiki/Kilograms" title="Kilograms">kg</a>/<a href="/wiki/Metrs" title="Metrs">m</a><sup>3</sup> (dimants) kg/m<sup>3</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray; background-color: #ECECFB;;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Ku%C5%A1anas_temperat%C5%ABra" title="Kušanas temperatūra">Kušanas temperatūra</a></th><td style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"> <a href="/wiki/Tr%C4%ABsk%C4%81r%C5%A1ais_punkts" title="Trīskāršais punkts">Trīskāršais punkts</a> pie 10 MPa un (4300 - 4700) <a href="/wiki/Kelvins_(m%C4%93rvien%C4%ABba)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelvins (mērvienība)">K</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray; background-color: #ECECFB;;text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Vir%C5%A1anas_temperat%C5%ABra" title="Viršanas temperatūra">Viršanas temperatūra</a></th><td style="border-top: 1px solid dimgray;"> <a href="/wiki/Sublim%C4%81cija" class="mw-disambig" title="Sublimācija">Sublimējas</a> pie ≈4000 <a href="/wiki/Kelvins_(m%C4%93rvien%C4%ABba)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelvins (mērvienība)">K</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ogleklis</b> ir <a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmiskais_elements" title="Ķīmiskais elements">ķīmiskais elements</a> ar simbolu <b>C</b> un <a href="/wiki/Atomskaitlis" title="Atomskaitlis">atomskaitli</a> 6. Ogleklis ietilpst visu <a href="/wiki/Organisk%C4%81s_vielas" title="Organiskās vielas">organisko vielu</a> sastāvā. Ogleklim ir divas stabilas <a href="/wiki/Alotropija" title="Alotropija">alotropiskās formas</a>: <a href="/wiki/Graf%C4%ABts" title="Grafīts">grafīts</a> un <a href="/wiki/Dimants" title="Dimants">dimants</a>. Dimants ir viena no viscietākajām pazīstamajām vielām. Savukārt grafīts ir viens no mīkstākajiem <a href="/wiki/Miner%C4%81ls" title="Minerāls">minerāliem</a>, un to lieto kā dažu smērvielu sastāvdaļu. Ogleklis ir viena no grūtāk kūstošajām vielām (grafīta formā), gaisā grafītu var karsēt līdz ≈900<sup>o</sup>C, bet skābekli nesaturošā atmosfērā grafīta bāzētos ugunsturīgos materiālus var lietot līdz ≈3000<sup>o</sup>C. Savienojumos ogleklis parasti ir ar vērtību -4 (<a href="/wiki/Met%C4%81ns" title="Metāns">metāns</a>), +2 (<a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_monoks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa monoksīds">oglekļa monoksīds</a>) un +4 (<a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">oglekļa dioksīds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karbon%C4%81ti" title="Karbonāti">karbonāti</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oglekļa_atrašanās_dabā"><span id="Oglek.C4.BCa_atra.C5.A1an.C4.81s_dab.C4.81"></span>Oglekļa atrašanās dabā</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļu: Oglekļa atrašanās dabā" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Oglekļa atrašanās dabā"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pēc izplatības <a href="/wiki/Zemes_garoza" title="Zemes garoza">Zemes garozā</a> ogleklis ieņem 17. vietu, kas ir aptuveni 0,48% no visas zemes virsmas masas. Dabā pastāv divi oglekļa alotropiskie veidi — <a href="/wiki/Graf%C4%ABts" title="Grafīts">grafīts</a> un <a href="/wiki/Dimants" title="Dimants">dimants</a>. Savienojumu veidā ogleklis atrodas visās augu un dzīvnieku valsts vielās — <a href="/wiki/Organisk%C4%81s_vielas" title="Organiskās vielas">organiskajās vielās</a>, kā arī oglekļa dioksīdā un minerālos — <a href="/wiki/Kr%C4%ABts" title="Krīts">krītā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ka%C4%BC%C4%B7akmens" title="Kaļķakmens">kaļķakmenī</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marmors" title="Marmors">marmorā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dolom%C4%ABts" title="Dolomīts">dolomītā</a> un citur. Dabā ogleklis sastopams divu stabilu izotopu <sup>12</sup>C (98,892%) un <sup>13</sup>C (1,108%) veidā. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oglekļa_alotropiskie_veidi"><span id="Oglek.C4.BCa_alotropiskie_veidi"></span>Oglekļa alotropiskie veidi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļu: Oglekļa alotropiskie veidi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Oglekļa alotropiskie veidi"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Eight_Allotropes_of_Carbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Eight_Allotropes_of_Carbon.png/250px-Eight_Allotropes_of_Carbon.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Eight_Allotropes_of_Carbon.png/375px-Eight_Allotropes_of_Carbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Eight_Allotropes_of_Carbon.png/500px-Eight_Allotropes_of_Carbon.png 2x" data-file-width="1762" data-file-height="1895" /></a><figcaption>Izplatītāko oglekļa alotropisko veidu atomu izvietojums molekulā: a) <a href="/wiki/Dimants" title="Dimants">dimants</a>; b) <a href="/wiki/Graf%C4%ABts" title="Grafīts">grafīts</a>; c) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lonsdeil%C4%ABts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lonsdeilīts (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">lonsdeilīts</a>; d–f) <a href="/wiki/Fuller%C4%93ns" title="Fullerēns">fullerēns</a> (C<sub>60</sub>, C<sub>540</sub>, C<sub>70</sub>); g) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amorfais_ogleklis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amorfais ogleklis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">amorfais ogleklis</a>; h) <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_nanocaurul%C4%ABte" class="mw-redirect" title="Oglekļa nanocaurulīte">Oglekļa nanocaurulīte</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ogleklim ir trīs alotropiskie veidi — <a href="/wiki/Graf%C4%ABts" title="Grafīts">grafīts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dimants" title="Dimants">dimants</a> un <a href="/wiki/Karb%C4%ABns" title="Karbīns">karbīns</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amorfais_ogleklis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amorfais ogleklis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Amorfais ogleklis</a> jeb ogle ir grafīta paveids. </p><p>Grafīta atradnes ir <a href="/wiki/Altajs" title="Altajs">Altajā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sib%C4%ABrija" title="Sibīrija">Austrumsibīrijā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina">Ukrainā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meksika" title="Meksika">Meksikā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalifornija" title="Kalifornija">Kalifornijā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eiropa" title="Eiropa">Viduseiropā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madagaskara" title="Madagaskara">Madagaskarā</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0rilanka" title="Šrilanka">Šrilankā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dienvidkoreja" title="Dienvidkoreja">Dienvidkorejā</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dimants" title="Dimants">Dimanti</a> dabā sastopami reti. Tie atrodami sanesuma iežos Jakutijā, <a href="/wiki/%C4%80frika" title="Āfrika">Dienvidāfrikā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dienvidamerika" title="Dienvidamerika">Dienvidamerikā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austr%C4%81lija" title="Austrālija">Austrālijā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indija" title="Indija">Indijā</a>. Ļoti liels dimanta tīrradnis "Kullināns" atrasts Dienvidāfrikā 1905. gadā, tā masa ir 3106 <a href="/wiki/Kar%C4%81ts" title="Karāts">karāti</a> (1 <a href="/wiki/Kar%C4%81ts" title="Karāts">karāts</a> = 0,2 <a href="/wiki/Grams" title="Grams">grami</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grafīts"><span id="Graf.C4.ABts"></span>Grafīts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļu: Grafīts" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Grafīts"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:GraphiteUSGOV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/GraphiteUSGOV.jpg/150px-GraphiteUSGOV.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/GraphiteUSGOV.jpg/225px-GraphiteUSGOV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/GraphiteUSGOV.jpg/300px-GraphiteUSGOV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Graf%C4%ABts" title="Grafīts">Grafīts</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Graf%C4%ABts" title="Grafīts">Grafīts</a> ir tumšpelēka, kristāliska viela ar metālisku spīdumu. Tas deg tikai tīrā <a href="/wiki/Sk%C4%81beklis" title="Skābeklis">skābeklī</a>. </p><p>Grafītam ir slāņaina heksagonāla struktūra, kas atbilst elektronu <a href="/wiki/Orbit%C4%81le" title="Orbitāle">orbitāļu</a> <i>sp<sup>2</sup></i> <a href="/wiki/Orbit%C4%81%C4%BCu_hibridiz%C4%81cija" title="Orbitāļu hibridizācija">hibridizācijai</a>. Oglekļa <a href="/wiki/Atoms" title="Atoms">atomu</a> sešlocekļu gredzenu slāņi ir vājāk saistīti viens ar otru. Tāpēc grafīts ir mīksts un sadalās pelēkos zvīņveida slāņos. Tie līp pie papīra, tāpēc grafītu lieto <a href="/wiki/Z%C4%ABmulis" title="Zīmulis">zīmuļu</a> izgatavošanai. </p><p>Grafītam piemīt augsta <a href="/wiki/Elektrovad%C4%ABtsp%C4%93ja" title="Elektrovadītspēja">elektrovadītspēja</a>. No tā ražo <a href="/wiki/Elektrods" title="Elektrods">elektrodus</a>. Grafītu vēl izmanto ziežvielu, ugunsizturīgu materiālu un <a href="/wiki/Kr%C4%81svielas" title="Krāsvielas">krāsvielu</a> ražošanai, kā arī par neitronu palēninātāju kodoltehnikā. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Amorfais_ogleklis">Amorfais ogleklis</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Labot sadaļu: Amorfais ogleklis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=4" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Amorfais ogleklis"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Amorfais ogleklis jeb <a href="/wiki/Ogle" class="mw-disambig" title="Ogle">ogle</a> nav īpaša oglekļa modifikācija. Tā ir melna, cieta viela, kas sastāv no sīkiem, neregulāras struktūras grafīta kristāliņiem. Amorfa oglekļa blīvums ir no 1,8 līdz 2,1 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. </p><p>Amorfo oglekli (ogli) iegūst, termiski sadalot organiskos savienojumus. Nozīmīgākie ogles veidi ir kokss, kokogle, kaulu ogle un kvēpi. Kvēpi ir tīrākais amorfais ogleklis. Tie rodas, termiski sadalot vai nepietiekamā gaisa daudzumā sadedzinot ar oglekli bagātas vielas (<a href="/wiki/Dabasg%C4%81ze" title="Dabasgāze">dabasgāzi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sve%C4%B7i" title="Sveķi">sveķus</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terpent%C4%ABns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terpentīns (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">terpentīnu</a>). Koksu izmanto ķīmiskajā rūpniecībā un metalurģijā par reducētāju un kurināmo. Kvēpus lieto par pildvielu <a href="/wiki/Gumija" title="Gumija">gumijas</a> un <a href="/wiki/Plastmasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Plastmasa">plastmasu</a> izstrādājumos, par melno pigmentu krāsvielās un tušā. Amorfo oglekli apstrādājot ar pārkarsētu ūdens tvaiku, iegūst <a href="/wiki/Akt%C4%ABv%C4%81_ogle" title="Aktīvā ogle">aktīvo ogli</a>, kuru lieto par adsorbentu dažādu vielu attīrīšanai ķīmiskajā un pārtikas rūpniecībā, medicīnā (karbolēna tabletes), gāzmaskās. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dimants">Dimants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Labot sadaļu: Dimants" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=5" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Dimants"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Brillanten.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Brillanten.jpg/150px-Brillanten.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Brillanten.jpg/225px-Brillanten.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Brillanten.jpg/300px-Brillanten.jpg 2x" data-file-width="476" data-file-height="399" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Briljants" title="Briljants">Briljanti</a> — īpaši slīpēti <a href="/wiki/Dimants" title="Dimants">dimanti</a>, kas tiek izmantoti <a href="/wiki/Juvelierizstr%C4%81d%C4%81jumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Juvelierizstrādājumi">juvelierizstrādājumu</a> izgatavošanai.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Dimants" title="Dimants">Dimants</a> ir bezkrāsaina, caurspīdīga, kristāliska viela, kas stipri lauž gaismas starus. Nereti tas ir zilgans, iedzeltens, sārts, tumšpelēks, pat melns. Ja dimantu sakarsē līdz 850 °C temperatūrai, skābekļa atmosfērā tas sadeg. 1772. gadā <a href="/wiki/Antu%C4%81ns_Lor%C4%81ns_Lavuazj%C4%93" class="mw-redirect" title="Antuāns Lorāns Lavuazjē">A. Lavuazjē</a> konstatēja, ka, sadegot dimantam, rodas tikai oglekļa dioksīds. </p><p>Dimantam ir <a href="/wiki/Tetraedrs" title="Tetraedrs">tetraedriska</a> struktūra. Tajā katrs oglekļa atoms ir saistīts ar četriem kaimiņatomiem. Šīs saites ir vienāda garuma un cita ar citu veido 109°28' lielus leņķus. Tāpēc dimantam piemīt ārkārtīgi liela cietība, taču tas ir trausls. Dimants slikti vada elektrību un siltumu. Tā blīvums ir 3,52 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. </p><p>Ja dimantu stipri karsē bez gaisa piekļuves 1000 °C temperatūrā, tas pārvēršas grafītā. </p><p>Speciāli slīpētus dimantus sauc par briljantiem. Tos lieto juvelierizstrādājumu izgatavošanai. Dimantu tā lielās cietības dēļ lieto cietu materiālu apstrādei, iežu urbšanai. Pieprasījums pēc tehnikā izmantojamiem dimantiem ir liels, tāpēc augstā temperatūrā un spiedienā tos mākslīgi iegūst no grafīta. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Karbīns"><span id="Karb.C4.ABns"></span>Karbīns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Labot sadaļu: Karbīns" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=6" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Karbīns"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Karb%C4%ABns" title="Karbīns">Karbīns</a> ir melna, pulverveida viela, kuru ieguva 1963. gadā, katalītiski oksidējot <a href="/wiki/Acetil%C4%93ns" title="Acetilēns">acetilēnu</a>. Tam ir heksagonāls kristālrežģis, ko veido lineāras oglekļa atomu ķēdes ar šādu saišu izvietojumu: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ķīmiskās_īpašības"><span id=".C4.B6.C4.ABmisk.C4.81s_.C4.ABpa.C5.A1.C4.ABbas"></span>Ķīmiskās īpašības</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Labot sadaļu: Ķīmiskās īpašības" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=7" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Ķīmiskās īpašības"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parastajos apstākļos ogleklis ir ķīmiski inerts. Augstākās temperatūrās tā aktivitāte pieaug. Vislielākā reaģētspēja piemīt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amforais_ogleklis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amforais ogleklis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">amorfajam ogleklim</a>, mazāk aktīvs ir <a href="/wiki/Graf%C4%ABts" title="Grafīts">grafīts</a>, bet <a href="/wiki/Dimants" title="Dimants">dimantam</a> ir viszemākā ķīmiskā aktivitāte. Ogleklis ir labs <a href="/wiki/Reduc%C4%93t%C4%81js" title="Reducētājs">reducētājs</a>, bet tā <a href="/wiki/Oksid%C4%93t%C4%81js" title="Oksidētājs">oksidējošās</a> īpašības izpaužas vājāk. </p> <ul><li>Parastajos apstākļos ogleklis (amorfa oglekļa veidā) reaģē tikai ar <a href="/wiki/Fluors" title="Fluors">fluoru</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd>C + 2F<sub>2</sub> → CF<sub>4</sub></dd></dl> <p>Grafīta reakcija ar fluoru sākas aptuveni 900 °C temperatūrā, bet dimants ar fluoru nereaģē. Ar pārējiem halogēniem ogleklis tieši nesavienojas. </p> <ul><li>Sakarsēts ogleklis (ogle aptuveni 400 °C, grafīts aptuveni 700 °C, dimants aptuveni 1000 °C) gaisā aizdegas un veido oglekļa(IV) oksīdu (oglekļa dioksīdu) vai oglekļa(II) oksīdu (oglekļa monoksīdu):</li></ul> <dl><dd>C + O<sub>2</sub> → CO<sub>2</sub> (skābekļa pārākumā)</dd></dl> <dl><dd>2C + O<sub>2</sub> → 2CO (nepietiekamā skābekļa daudzumā)</dd></dl> <ul><li>Ja slāpekļa atmosfērā ievieto ogles vai grafīta elektrodus, starp kuriem rada <a href="/wiki/Elektriskais_loks" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektriskais loks">Voltas loku</a> (aptuveni 4000 °C), tad veidojas oglekļa nitrīds jeb <a href="/wiki/Dici%C4%81ns" title="Diciāns">diciāns</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd>2C + N<sub>2</sub> → C<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub></dd></dl> <ul><li>Ogleklis ir nemetāls, taču ar metāliem tas savienojas tikai augstā temperatūrā, veidojot <a href="/wiki/Karb%C4%ABdi" title="Karbīdi">karbīdus</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd>4Al + 3C → Al<sub>4</sub>C<sub>3</sub></dd></dl> <dl><dd>3Fe + C → Fe<sub>3</sub>C</dd></dl> <p>Oglekļa reakcijās ar saliktām vielām izpaužas tā reducējošās īpašības, kuras izmanto galvenokārt metālu iegūšanai no to oksīdiem (karbotermija). Faktiskais reducētājs karbotermijā ir oglekļa(II) oksīds CO. </p><p>Sakarsēts kokss vai kokogle reaģē arī ar oglekļa(IV) oksīdu un ūdens tvaiku. Šīs reakcijas izmanto gāzveida kurināmā ražošanai. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oglekļa_savienojumi"><span id="Oglek.C4.BCa_savienojumi"></span>Oglekļa savienojumi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Labot sadaļu: Oglekļa savienojumi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=8" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Oglekļa savienojumi"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oglekļa(II)_savienojumi"><span id="Oglek.C4.BCa.28II.29_savienojumi"></span>Oglekļa(II) savienojumi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Labot sadaļu: Oglekļa(II) savienojumi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=9" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Oglekļa(II) savienojumi"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oglekļa(II) <a href="/wiki/Oks%C4%ABds" class="mw-redirect" title="Oksīds">oksīdu</a> jeb <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_monoks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa monoksīds">oglekļa monoksīdu</a> CO ikdienā sauc arī par <a href="/wiki/Tvana_g%C4%81ze" class="mw-redirect" title="Tvana gāze">tvana gāzi</a>. CO molekulā starp oglekļa un skābekļa atomiem ir trīs kovalentās saites, no kurām viena veidojas pēc <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donorakceptor%C4%81_saite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donorakceptorā saite (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">donorakceptora mehānisma</a>: skābekļa atoma viens nedalītais elektronu pāris pāriet oglekļa atoma brīvajā <i>p</i> orbitālē. Tādēļ ķīmiskā saite oglekļa monoksīda molekulā uzskatāma par trīskāršo saiti. </p><p>CO molekulā gan ogleklis, gan skābeklis ir divvērtīgs, bet to oksidēšanas pakāpe ir attiecīgi +2 un -2.<br /> Oglekļa(II) oksīds rodas, ja caur degošu ogles slāni <a href="/wiki/Gaiss" title="Gaiss">gaiss</a> plūst nepietiekamā daudzumā. Vispirms veidojas oglekļa(IV) oksīds. Kvēlojošās ogles to reducē par CO: </p> <dl><dd>C + O<sub>2</sub> → CO<sub>2</sub> (skābekļa pārākumā)</dd> <dd>2C + O<sub>2</sub> → 2CO (nepietiekamā skābekļa daudzumā)</dd></dl> <p>Tā rodas tvana gāze krāsnīs, un tā arī iegūst gāzveida kurināmo gāzģeneratoros un reducētāju CO karbotermijai. Oglekļa(II) oksīds veidojas, nepilnīgi sadegot šķidrajai degvielai — benzīnam, solāreļļai, petrolejai, tāpēc iekšdedzes dzinēju izplūdes gāzēs CO tilpumdaļa ir 2... 10%. Laboratorijā CO iegūst, pilinot <a href="/wiki/Skudrsk%C4%81be" title="Skudrskābe">skudrskābi</a> līdz 80 °C sakarsētā koncentrētā sērskābē (sērskābe vienkārši atņem ūdeni): </p> <dl><dd>HCOOH + H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> → H<sub>2</sub>SO4<sub>2</sub> H<sub>2</sub>O + CO</dd></dl> <p>CO ir bezkrāsaina gāze bez smakas. Tā ir nedaudz vieglāka par gaisu, slikti šķīst ūdeni, labi — etanolā un benzolā. Oglekļa(II) oksīdam ir zema viršanas temperatūra (-191,5 °C). Oglekļa(II) oksīds CO ir ļoti indīgs! Tā pieļaujamā koncentrācija gaisā ir 30 mg/m<sup>3</sup>. CO ir sāļus neradošs oksīds. Tam raksturīgas savienošanas reakcijas. Tā, piemēram, CO deg gaisā un skābekli, izdalot lielu siltuma daudzumu: </p> <dl><dd>2CO + O<sub>2</sub> → 2CO<sub>2</sub> + 565,93 k<a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEouls" title="Džouls">J</a></dd></dl> <p>Saules gaismā vai aktīvās ogles klātbūtnē CO savienojas ar hloru, veidojot indīgu gāzi - <a href="/wiki/Fosg%C4%93ns" title="Fosgēns">fosgēnu</a>: </p> <dl><dd>CO + Cl<sub>2</sub> → COCl<sub>2</sub></dd></dl> <p>CO savienojas ar daudziem metāliem, veidojot metālu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karbonili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbonili (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">karbonilus</a>: </p> <dl><dd>4CO + Ni → [Ni(CO)<sub>4</sub>]</dd></dl> <p>CO ir spēcīgs reducētājs: </p> <dl><dd>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO<sub>2</sub></dd></dl> <p>CO lieto par reducētāju metalurģijā, par gāzveida kurināmo, par vērtīgu izejvielu neorganiskajā un organiskajā sintēzē. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oglekļa(IV)_savienojumi"><span id="Oglek.C4.BCa.28IV.29_savienojumi"></span>Oglekļa(IV) savienojumi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Labot sadaļu: Oglekļa(IV) savienojumi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=10" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Oglekļa(IV) savienojumi"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oglekļa(IV) oksīds (<a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">oglekļa dioksīds</a>, ogļskābā gāze) <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> ir savienojums ar četrām polārām kovalentām saitēm, taču pati <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> molekula ir lineāra un simetriska, tādēļ nepolāra: </p><p><b>O = C = O</b> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> tilpumdaļa gaisā ir aptuveni 0,03%. Tā kopējā masa Zemes atmosfērā ir aptuveni 4,5·10<sup>13</sup> tonnas. </p><p>Oglekļa(IV) oksīds nav indīgs, bet tam ir slāpējošas īpašības. Tāpēc telpas, kurās uzturas daudz cilvēku, bieži jāvēdina. Ja <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> tilpumdaļa gaisā palielinās līdz 3%, strauji pasliktinās pašsajūta, bet, ja ieelpojamais gaiss satur 10% <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a>, iestājas bezsamaņa un <a href="/wiki/N%C4%81ve" title="Nāve">nāve</a>. Oglekļa(IV) oksīdu satur arī okeāna un iekšzemes ūdeņi. Minerālūdeņos tā koncentrācija var sasniegt 1,5 g/l. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> dabā veidojas dažādos oksidēšanas procesos — elpošanā, pūšanā, degšanā, lielos daudzumos tas izdalās no vulkāniem.<br /> Rūpniecībā <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> iegūst spirta rūgšanas procesā, kā arī termiski sadalot kaļķakmeni un dolomītu. Laboratorijā to iegūst, iedarbojoties uz marmoru vai citiem karbonātiem ar sālsskābi: </p> <dl><dd>2HCl + CaCO<sub>3</sub> → CaCl<small>2</small> + H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> (ogļskābe tūlīt sadalās par ūdeni un CO<sub>2</sub>)</dd></dl> <p>Oglekļa(IV) oksīds ir bezkrāsaina gāze bez smakas. Tas ir 1,5 reizes smagāks par gaisu, labi šķīst ūdenī (87,8 cm<sup>3</sup>/100 g <a href="/wiki/%C5%AAdens" title="Ūdens">H<sub>2</sub>O</a> 20 °C). Ja normālā spiedienā <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> pakāpeniski atdzesē, tas nepārvēršas šķidrumā, bet -78,52 °C temperatūrā kristalizējas, veidojot sniegveida masu — "sauso ledu", kuram ir molekulu kristālrežģa struktūra. <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> var sašķidrināt tikai paaugstinātā spiedienā (5,73 MPa 20 °C temperatūrā). <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> ir skābais oksīds, kam, šķīstot ūdenī, veidojas nedaudz ogļskābes (process ir apgriezenisks): </p> <dl><dd>CO<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O ⇄ H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub></dd></dl> <p>20 °C temperatūrā ogļskābē pārvēršas aptuveni 1% no ūdenī izšķīdušā <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> tilpuma. <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> reaģē ar bāziskajiem oksīdiem un ar sārmiem. Tāpēc arī dzēstie un dedzinātie kaļķi (Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>, CaO) gaisā pārvēršas par kalcija karbonātu. CO<sub>2</sub> iedarbību uz kaļķūdeni izmanto šīs gāzes pierādīšanai: </p> <dl><dd>CO<sub>2</sub> + Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> → CaCO<sub>3</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O</dd></dl> <p>Paaugstinātā spiedienā <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> reaģē ar amonjaku NH<sub>3</sub>, veidojot <a href="/wiki/Karbam%C4%ABds" title="Karbamīds">karbamīdu</a>: </p> <dl><dd>CO<sub>2</sub> + 2NH<sub>3</sub> → CO(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O</dd></dl> <p>Spēcīgu reducētāju ietekmē <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> pilnīgi vai daļēji zaudē skābekli. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> izmanto sodas, <a href="/wiki/Cukurs" title="Cukurs">cukura</a>, karbamīda, organisko skābju ražošanā, gāzētā ūdens pagatavošanai. To lieto ugunsdzēsībā, dažādās sintēzēs inertas atmosfēras radīšanai, lāzertehnikā. "Sauso ledu" izmanto zemas temperatūras uzturēšanai. </p><p>Oglekļa(IV) oksīdam ir izšķiroša nozīme fotosintēzē un ūdens cietības veidošanās procesā. Ogļskābe H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> rodas, šķīdinot <a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_dioks%C4%ABds" title="Oglekļa dioksīds">CO<sub>2</sub></a> ūdenī. Tā ir nestabila un ļoti vāja skābe, jo iegūtajā šķīdumā iestājas ķīmiskais līdzsvars, kas stipri novirzīts pa kreisi. </p><p>H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> disociē galvenokārt H<sup>+</sup> un HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> jonos, bet CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup> jonu veidojas nedaudz. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skatīt_arī"><span id="Skat.C4.ABt_ar.C4.AB"></span>Skatīt arī</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Labot sadaļu: Skatīt arī" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=11" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Skatīt arī"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dimants" title="Dimants">Dimants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graf%C4%ABts" title="Grafīts">Grafīts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akt%C4%ABv%C4%81_ogle" title="Aktīvā ogle">Aktīvā ogle</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karborunds&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karborunds (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Karborunds</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ārējās_saites"><span id=".C4.80r.C4.93j.C4.81s_saites"></span>Ārējās saites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Labot sadaļu: Ārējās saites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogleklis&action=edit&section=12" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Ārējās saites"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vikikr%C4%81tuve" title="Vikikrātuve">Vikikrātuvē</a> par šo tēmu ir pieejami <a href="/wiki/Multivides" title="Multivides">multivides</a> faili. Skatīt: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Carbon" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Carbon">Ogleklis</a></b></i>.</li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enciklopedija.lv/skirklis/113504">Latvijas Nacionālās enciklopēdijas šķirklis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/carbon-chemical-element"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/kohlenstoff"><i>Brockhaus Enzyklopädie</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(vāciski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bigenc.ru/c/uglerod-dc7cd3">Krievijas Lielās enciklopēdijas raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(krieviski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/carbone/"><i>Encyclopædia Universalis</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(franciski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/nauka_i_tehnika/himiya/UGLEROD.html">Enciklopēdijas <i>Krugosvet</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(krieviski)</span></li></ul> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-skatīt"><a href="/wiki/Veidne:Oglek%C4%BCa_alotropi" title="Veidne:Oglekļa alotropi"><abbr title="Skatīt šo veidni" style=";;;background:none transparent;border:none;">s</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskusija"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veidnes_diskusija:Oglek%C4%BCa_alotropi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veidnes diskusija:Oglekļa alotropi (vēl nav uzrakstīts)"><abbr title="Diskusija par šo veidni" style="color:#002bb8;;;;background:none transparent;border:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-labot"><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veidne:Oglek%C4%BCa_alotropi&action=edit"><abbr title="Labot šo veidni" style=";;;background:none transparent;border:none;">l</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oglekļa</a> <a href="/wiki/Alotropija" title="Alotropija">alotropās modifikācijas</a></div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dimants" title="Dimants">Dimants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graf%C4%ABts" title="Grafīts">Grafīts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karb%C4%ABns" title="Karbīns">Karbīns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuller%C4%93ns" title="Fullerēns">Fullerēns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oglek%C4%BCa_nanocaurul%C4%ABtes" title="Oglekļa nanocaurulītes">Oglekļa nanocaurulītes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amorfais_ogleklis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amorfais ogleklis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Amorfais ogleklis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graf%C4%93ns" title="Grafēns">Grafēns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="NavFrame" style="clear:both;"> <div class="NavHead"> <a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmiskais_elements" title="Ķīmiskais elements">Ķīmisko elementu</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmisko_elementu_periodisk%C4%81_tabula" title="Ķīmisko elementu periodiskā tabula">periodiskā tabula</a></div> <div class="NavContent"> <table border="1" style="text-align:center; border-top: 10px solid #ffffff; border-bottom: 1px solid #ffffff; border-left: 1px solid #ffffff; border-right: 1px solid #ffffff; border-collapse:collapse; font-size: smaller; width:100%" rules="all" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/%C5%AAde%C5%86radis" title="Ūdeņradis">H</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:0px" colspan="30">  </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/H%C4%93lijs" title="Hēlijs">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Litijs" title="Litijs">Li</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Berilijs" title="Berilijs">Be</a> </td> <td style="border:0px" colspan="24">  </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Bors" title="Bors">B</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#a0ffa0"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">C</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Sl%C4%81peklis" title="Slāpeklis">N</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Sk%C4%81beklis" title="Skābeklis">O</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Fluors" title="Fluors">F</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Neons" title="Neons">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81trijs" title="Nātrijs">Na</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Magnijs" title="Magnijs">Mg</a> </td> <td style="border:0px" colspan="24">  </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Alum%C4%ABnijs" title="Alumīnijs">Al</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Sil%C4%ABcijs" title="Silīcijs">Si</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Fosfors" title="Fosfors">P</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/S%C4%93rs" title="Sērs">S</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Hlors" title="Hlors">Cl</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Argons" title="Argons">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/K%C4%81lijs" title="Kālijs">K</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Kalcijs" title="Kalcijs">Ca</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Skandijs" title="Skandijs">Sc</a> </td> <td style="border:0px" colspan="14">  </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Tit%C4%81ns" title="Titāns">Ti</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Van%C4%81dijs" title="Vanādijs">V</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hroms" title="Hroms">Cr</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Mang%C4%81ns" title="Mangāns">Mn</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Dzelzs" title="Dzelzs">Fe</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kobalts" title="Kobalts">Co</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Ni%C4%B7elis" title="Niķelis">Ni</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Var%C5%A1" title="Varš">Cu</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Cinks" title="Cinks">Zn</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Gallijs" title="Gallijs">Ga</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><div style="position:relative; z-index:0; overflow:hidden; width:100%; height:2em;"> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:1; top:0; left:0; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/c/c0/Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/100px-Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/c/c0/Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/150px-Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/c/c0/Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/200px-Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:2; width:100%; top:0; left:0; text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Germ%C4%81nijs" title="Germānijs">Ge</a></div> </div> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Ars%C4%93ns" title="Arsēns">As</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><div style="position:relative; z-index:0; overflow:hidden; width:100%; height:2em;"> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:1; top:0; left:0; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Nemetaals_-_pusmetaals.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/1/12/Nemetaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/100px-Nemetaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/1/12/Nemetaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/150px-Nemetaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/1/12/Nemetaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/200px-Nemetaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:2; width:100%; top:0; left:0; text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Sel%C4%93ns" title="Selēns">Se</a></div> </div> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Broms" title="Broms">Br</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Kriptons" title="Kriptons">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Rub%C4%ABdijs" title="Rubīdijs">Rb</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Stroncijs" title="Stroncijs">Sr</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Itrijs" title="Itrijs">Y</a> </td> <td style="border:0px" colspan="14">  </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Cirkonijs" title="Cirkonijs">Zr</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Niobijs" title="Niobijs">Nb</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Molibd%C4%93ns" title="Molibdēns">Mo</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Tehn%C4%93cijs" title="Tehnēcijs">Tc</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rut%C4%93nijs" title="Rutēnijs">Ru</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rodijs" title="Rodijs">Rh</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Pall%C4%81dijs" title="Pallādijs">Pd</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Sudrabs" title="Sudrabs">Ag</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kadmijs" title="Kadmijs">Cd</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Indijs" title="Indijs">In</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Alva" title="Alva">Sn</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><div style="position:relative; z-index:0; overflow:hidden; width:100%; height:2em;"> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:1; top:0; left:0; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/c/c0/Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/100px-Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/c/c0/Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/150px-Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/c/c0/Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/200px-Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:2; width:100%; top:0; left:0; text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Antimons" title="Antimons">Sb</a></div> </div> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Tel%C5%ABrs" title="Telūrs">Te</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Jods_(elements)" title="Jods (elements)">I</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Ksenons" title="Ksenons">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/C%C4%93zijs" title="Cēzijs">Cs</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/B%C4%81rijs" title="Bārijs">Ba</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Lant%C4%81ns" title="Lantāns">La</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/C%C4%93rijs" title="Cērijs">Ce</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Prazeod%C4%ABms" title="Prazeodīms">Pr</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Neod%C4%ABms" title="Neodīms">Nd</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Prometijs" title="Prometijs">Pm</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Sam%C4%81rijs" title="Samārijs">Sm</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Eiropijs" title="Eiropijs">Eu</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Gadol%C4%ABnijs" title="Gadolīnijs">Gd</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Terbijs" title="Terbijs">Tb</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Disprozijs" title="Disprozijs">Dy</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Holmijs" title="Holmijs">Ho</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Erbijs" title="Erbijs">Er</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/T%C5%ABlijs" title="Tūlijs">Tm</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Iterbijs" title="Iterbijs">Yb</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Lut%C4%93cijs" title="Lutēcijs">Lu</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hafnijs" title="Hafnijs">Hf</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Tantals" title="Tantals">Ta</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Volframs" title="Volframs">W</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/R%C4%93nijs" title="Rēnijs">Re</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Osmijs" title="Osmijs">Os</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Ir%C4%ABdijs" title="Irīdijs">Ir</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Plat%C4%ABns" title="Platīns">Pt</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Zelts" title="Zelts">Au</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Dz%C4%ABvsudrabs" title="Dzīvsudrabs">Hg</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Tallijs" title="Tallijs">Tl</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Svins" title="Svins">Pb</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Bismuts" title="Bismuts">Bi</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><div style="position:relative; z-index:0; overflow:hidden; width:100%; height:2em;"> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:1; top:0; left:0; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/c/c0/Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/100px-Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/c/c0/Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/150px-Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/c/c0/Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg/200px-Amfoteers_metaals_-_pusmetaals.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:2; width:100%; top:0; left:0; text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Polonijs" title="Polonijs">Po</a></div> </div> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><div style="position:relative; z-index:0; overflow:hidden; width:100%; height:2em;"> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:1; top:0; left:0; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Halogeens_-_pusmetaals.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/0/0a/Halogeens_-_pusmetaals.svg/100px-Halogeens_-_pusmetaals.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/0/0a/Halogeens_-_pusmetaals.svg/150px-Halogeens_-_pusmetaals.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/lv/thumb/0/0a/Halogeens_-_pusmetaals.svg/200px-Halogeens_-_pusmetaals.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:2; width:100%; top:0; left:0; text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Astats" title="Astats">At</a></div> </div> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Radons" title="Radons">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Francijs" title="Francijs">Fr</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/R%C4%81dijs" title="Rādijs">Ra</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Akt%C4%ABnijs" title="Aktīnijs">Ac</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Torijs" title="Torijs">Th</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Protakt%C4%ABnijs" title="Protaktīnijs">Pa</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Ur%C4%81ns_(elements)" title="Urāns (elements)">U</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Nept%C5%ABnijs" title="Neptūnijs">Np</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Plutonijs" title="Plutonijs">Pu</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Amer%C4%ABcijs" title="Amerīcijs">Am</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Kirijs" title="Kirijs">Cm</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Berklijs" title="Berklijs">Bk</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Kalifornijs" title="Kalifornijs">Cf</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Ein%C5%A1teinijs" title="Einšteinijs">Es</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Fermijs" title="Fermijs">Fm</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Mende%C4%BCejevijs" title="Mendeļejevijs">Md</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Nob%C4%93lijs" title="Nobēlijs">No</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Lourensijs" title="Lourensijs">Lr</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rezerfordijs" title="Rezerfordijs">Rf</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Dubnijs" title="Dubnijs">Db</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/S%C4%ABbord%C5%BEijs" title="Sībordžijs">Sg</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Borijs" title="Borijs">Bh</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hasijs" title="Hasijs">Hs</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerijs" title="Meitnerijs">Mt</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Darm%C5%A1tatijs" title="Darmštatijs">Ds</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rentgenijs" title="Rentgenijs">Rg</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kopernikijs" title="Kopernikijs">Cn</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Nihonijs" title="Nihonijs">Nh</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Flerovijs" title="Flerovijs">Fl</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Moskovijs" title="Moskovijs">Mc</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Livermorijs" title="Livermorijs">Lv</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#fcfecc"><a href="/wiki/Tenes%C4%ABns" title="Tenesīns">Ts</a> </td> <td style="border:1px solid #ffffff; background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Oganesons" title="Oganesons">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><br /> <table border="1" align="center" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; 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