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[n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tipus_de_forjats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tipus_de_forjats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tipus de forjats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tipus_de_forjats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Materials_de_construcció" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materials_de_construcció"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Materials de construcció</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Materials_de_construcció-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegeu_també" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegeu_també"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vegeu també</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegeu_també-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Forjat (construcció)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 17 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solero" title="Solero - aragonès" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Solero" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A9_%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="بلاطة خرسانية - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلاطة خرسانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC" title="কংক্রিট স্ল্যাব - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কংক্রিট স্ল্যাব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1kladov%C3%A1_deska" title="Základová deska - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Základová deska" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betonplatte" title="Betonplatte - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Betonplatte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_slab" title="Concrete slab - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Concrete slab" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forjado" title="Forjado - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Forjado" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%86%DB%8C" title="دال بتنی - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دال بتنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plancher_b%C3%A9ton" title="Plancher béton - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Plancher béton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laxe_(construci%C3%B3n)" title="Laxe (construción) - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Laxe (construción)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%8A%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%96" title="床スラブ - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="床スラブ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%98%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%ED%8A%B8_%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%98%EB%B8%8C" title="콘크리트 슬래브 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="콘크리트 슬래브" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%93%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Меѓукатна конструкција - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Меѓукатна конструкција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laje_(arquitetura)" title="Laje (arquitetura) - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Laje (arquitetura)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Железобетонная плита - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Железобетонная плита" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D" title="కాంక్రీట్ స్లాబ్ - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కాంక్రీట్ స్లాబ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temir-beton_plita" title="Temir-beton plita - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Temir-beton plita" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2168387#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussi%C3%B3:Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)" rel="discussion" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d'aquesta pàgina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)&action=history" title="Versions antigues d'aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)&action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d'aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .hatnote{color:var(--color-inverted,#fff);background-color:var(--background-color-inverted,#101418)}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <table class="hatnote" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 25px; vertical-align: top;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/22px-Disambig_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/33px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/44px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> </td> <td>Per a altres significats, vegeu «<a href="/wiki/Forja" title="Forja">Forja</a>». </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Pose_Plancher_3.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Pose_Plancher_3.png/220px-Pose_Plancher_3.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Pose_Plancher_3.png/330px-Pose_Plancher_3.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Pose_Plancher_3.png/440px-Pose_Plancher_3.png 2x" data-file-width="1204" data-file-height="864" /></a><figcaption>Forjat unidireccional</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1,_Yucat%C3%A1n_(04).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2804%29.jpg/220px-San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2804%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2804%29.jpg/330px-San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2804%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2804%29.jpg/440px-San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2804%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Llosa de <a href="/wiki/Morter" title="Morter">morter</a> amb forjat unidireccional de tubs d'acer</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1,_Yucat%C3%A1n_(09).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2809%29.jpg/220px-San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2809%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2809%29.jpg/330px-San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2809%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2809%29.jpg/440px-San_Antonio_Tzacal%C3%A1%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2809%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Llosa de morter amb forjat unidireccional de troncs de fusta</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Xcuy%C3%BAn,_Yucat%C3%A1n_(23).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Xcuy%C3%BAn%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2823%29.JPG/220px-Xcuy%C3%BAn%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2823%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Xcuy%C3%BAn%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2823%29.JPG/330px-Xcuy%C3%BAn%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2823%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Xcuy%C3%BAn%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2823%29.JPG/440px-Xcuy%C3%BAn%2C_Yucat%C3%A1n_%2823%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2720" data-file-height="2040" /></a><figcaption>Llosa de morter amb forjat bidireccional de troncs de fusta</figcaption></figure> <p>En <a href="/wiki/Construcci%C3%B3" title="Construcció">construcció</a>, es denomina <b>forjat</b> un <a href="/wiki/Element_constructiu" class="mw-redirect" title="Element constructiu">element constructiu</a>, generalment horitzontal, capaç de transmetre les càrregues que suporta així com el seu pes propi als altres elements de l'estructura (<a href="/wiki/Biga_(construcci%C3%B3)" title="Biga (construcció)">bigues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pilar_(arquitectura)" title="Pilar (arquitectura)">pilars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mur_de_c%C3%A0rrega" title="Mur de càrrega">murs</a>, etc.). Forma part de l'estructura horitzontal de les diferents plantes d'un edifici, i és capaç de solidaritzar horitzontalment els diversos elements estructurals, la qual cosa permet no sols de transmetre càrregues verticals sinó també horitzontals. Això contribueix a reduir la possibilitat de translació de l'edifici i li aporta <a href="/wiki/Rigidesa_mec%C3%A0nica" title="Rigidesa mecànica">rigidesa</a> en aquest pla horitzontal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tipus_de_forjats">Tipus de forjats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Tipus de forjats"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Segons la forma de transmissió les càrregues: </p> <ul><li><b>Forjats unidireccionals:</b> són aquells que flexionen pràcticament només en una direcció, de manera que han de recolzar-se sobre elements lineals com ara <a href="/wiki/Biga_(construcci%C3%B3)" title="Biga (construcció)">bigues</a> o <a href="/wiki/Mur_de_c%C3%A0rrega" title="Mur de càrrega">murs de càrrega</a>; tanmateix, poden tenir flexió transversal, encara que aquesta serà petita en relació amb la principal. Estan <a href="/wiki/Armadura_(construcci%C3%B3)" title="Armadura (construcció)">armats</a> només la direcció de flexió.</li> <li><b>Forjats bidireccionals:</b> són aquells que flexionen en dues direccions, per la qual cosa es poden recolzar sobre elements lineals (bigues, murs) o sobre elements puntuals (normalment <a href="/wiki/Pilar_(arquitectura)" title="Pilar (arquitectura)">pilars</a>) que no han d'estar forçosament disposats de forma ordenada.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Materials_de_construcció"><span id="Materials_de_construcci.C3.B3"></span>Materials de construcció</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Materials de construcció"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La tria dels materials del forjat depèn del tipus de càrregues que haurà de suportar, de la llum (separació entre suports), del grau d'exposició a ambients agressius, de la resistència al <a href="/wiki/Foc" title="Foc">foc</a> exigida, de la disponibilitat dels materials, de la vida útil estimada, del temps d'execució, del cost, etc. </p><p>S'utilitzen diversos tipus de forjats unidireccionals: </p> <dl><dt>Forjats de formigó armat</dt> <dd>Els forjats de <a href="/wiki/Formig%C3%B3_armat" title="Formigó armat">formigó armat</a> estan conformats per bigues i biguetes de formigó, armades, revoltons i capa de compressió de formigó lleugerament armat. Són els més estesos, a causa de l'àmplia i barata disponibilitat del material. És el més pesat de tots, però també el més rígid. Pot suportar grans càrregues, fins i tot amb àmplies llums; és monolític, de gran resistència al foc i un acceptable aïllant acústic.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Forjats mixtes d'acer i formigó</dt> <dd>Els forjats de mixtes normalment estan conformats per bigues i biguetes d'acer, revoltons i capa de compressió de formigó lleugerament armat. També es poden compondre d'una xapa d'acer recoberta amb una capa de compressió de formigó. S'empren quan l'estructura principal és d'acer i el forjat ha de resistir càrregues mitjanes. Requereix les mateixes proteccions que la coberta de xapa plegada, però l'augment de resistència que li confereix el formigó permet el seu ús com forjats de poc gruix en plantes d'edificis.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Coberta de xapa plegada</dt> <dd>Estructura conformada per <a href="/wiki/Xapa" title="Xapa">xapa</a> plegada d'acer sobre bigues i biguetes metàl·liques. Pot resistir càrregues mitjanes sempre que estiguin homogèniament repartides, però no grans càrregues concentrades. Això limita el seu ús gairebé exclusivament a cobertes, on la seva lleugeresa resulta molt adequada. Requereix ser protegit tant davant del foc com de l'<a href="/wiki/Oxidaci%C3%B3" title="Oxidació">oxidació</a>, i el seu ús no està aconsellat en ambients marins, ja que el <a href="/wiki/Clor" title="Clor">clor</a> n'accelera la corrosió.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Forjats de fusta</dt> <dd>Abans de la <a href="/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3_Industrial" title="Revolució Industrial">Revolució Industrial</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Fusta" title="Fusta">fusta</a> era el material més utilitzat per a construir bigues i biguetes de forjats i, juntament amb les <a href="/wiki/Volta" title="Volta">voltes</a> de pedra o <a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%B3" title="Maó">maó</a>, la forma habitual de conformar plantes d'edificacions. Actualment, als països desenvolupats s'empra gairebé exclusivament en habitatges unifamiliars i edificacions singulars. Té una resistència al foc moderada tot i ser un material molt combustible. És idoni per a llums i càrregues petites, a més de ser el més lleuger. No obstant és més flexible i deformable que els forjats d'acer o formigó.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegeu_també"><span id="Vegeu_tamb.C3.A9"></span>Vegeu també</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forjat_(construcci%C3%B3)&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coberta_(construcci%C3%B3)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coberta (construcció)">Coberta (construcció)</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">A <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_principal?uselang=ca">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Concrete_slabs" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Concrete slabs">Forjat</a></b></i></div></div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Forjat_(construcció)&oldid=32719673">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Forjat_(construcció)&oldid=32719673</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Elements_constructius" title="Categoria:Elements constructius">Elements constructius</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Elements_estructurals" title="Categoria:Elements estructurals">Elements estructurals</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categoria oculta: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_amb_enlla%C3%A7_commonscat_des_de_Wikidata" title="Categoria:Pàgines amb enllaç commonscat des de Wikidata">Pàgines amb enllaç commonscat des de Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La pàgina va ser modificada per darrera vegada el 29 nov 2023 a les 00:25.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">El text està disponible sota la <a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Text_de_la_llic%C3%A8ncia_de_Creative_Commons_Reconeixement-Compartir_Igual_4.0_No_adaptada" title="Viquipèdia:Text de la llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement-Compartir Igual 4.0 No adaptada"> Llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement i Compartir-Igual</a>; es poden aplicar termes addicionals. 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