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class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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href="#Absolutismoaren_kontrako_erreakzioak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Absolutismoaren kontrako erreakzioak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Absolutismoaren_kontrako_erreakzioak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21._mendean" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21._mendean"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>21. mendean</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21._mendean-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Monarkia absolutua</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 81 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-81" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">81 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_monargie" title="Absolute monargie – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Absolute monargie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A9" title="ملكية مطلقة – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ملكية مطلقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%87" title="ملكية مطلقه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ملكية مطلقه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarqu%C3%ADa_absoluta" title="Monarquía absoluta – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Monarquía absoluta" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCtl%C9%99q_monarxiya" title="Mütləq monarxiya – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mütləq monarxiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%82_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="موطلق شاهلیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="موطلق شاهلیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Абсолют монархия – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Абсолют монархия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Абсалютная манархія – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Абсалютная манархія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Абсалютная манархія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Абсалютная манархія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Абсолютна монархия – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Абсолютна монархия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apsolutna_monarhija" title="Apsolutna monarhija – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Apsolutna monarhija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Абсолютизм – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Абсолютизм" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarquia_absoluta" title="Monarquia absoluta – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Monarquia absoluta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolutn%C3%AD_monarchie" title="Absolutní monarchie – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Absolutní monarchie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enev%C3%A6lde" title="Enevælde – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Enevælde" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_Monarchie" title="Absolute Monarchie – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Absolute Monarchie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Απόλυτη μοναρχία – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Απόλυτη μοναρχία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Absolute monarchy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absoluta_monarkio" title="Absoluta monarkio – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Absoluta monarkio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarqu%C3%ADa_absoluta" title="Monarquía absoluta – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monarquía absoluta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%87" title="پادشاهی مطلقه – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پادشاهی مطلقه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absoluuttinen_monarkia" title="Absoluuttinen monarkia – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Absoluuttinen monarkia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchie_absolue" title="Monarchie absolue – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Monarchie absolue" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarqu%C3%ADa_absoluta" title="Monarquía absoluta – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Monarquía absoluta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teku%C3%A1i_pav%E1%BA%BD_pete%C4%A9me" title="Tekuái pavẽ peteĩme – guaraniera" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tekuái pavẽ peteĩme" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="संपूर्ण राजतंत्र – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="संपूर्ण राजतंत्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apsolutna_monarhija" title="Apsolutna monarhija – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Apsolutna monarhija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abszol%C3%BAt_monarchia" title="Abszolút monarchia – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Abszolút monarchia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%AF_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բացարձակ միապետություն – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բացարձակ միապետություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarki_absolut" title="Monarki absolut – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Monarki absolut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchia_assoluta" title="Monarchia assoluta – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Monarchia assoluta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%B6%E5%AF%BE%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="絶対君主制 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="絶対君主制" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="აბსოლუტური მონარქია – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აბსოლუტური მონარქია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Абсолюттік монархия – kazakhera" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Абсолюттік монархия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakhera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%A0%9C" title="전제군주제 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전제군주제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key%C3%AEtiya_serberday%C3%AE" title="Keyîtiya serberdayî – kurduera" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Keyîtiya serberdayî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchia_assoluta" title="Monarchia assoluta – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Monarchia assoluta" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ສົມບູລະນາຍາສິດທິລາດ – laosera" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສົມບູລະນາຍາສິດທິລາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absoliutin%C4%97_monarchija" title="Absoliutinė monarchija – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Absoliutinė monarchija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absol%C5%ABt%C4%81_monarhija" title="Absolūtā monarhija – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Absolūtā monarhija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Апсолутна монархија – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Апсолутна монархија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%82_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Хэмжээгүй эрхт хаант засаг – mongoliera" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хэмжээгүй эрхт хаант засаг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="संपूर्ण राजेशाही – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="संपूर्ण राजेशाही" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raja_mutlak" title="Raja mutlak – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Raja mutlak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%B2%E1%80%B7%E1%80%98%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%94%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="အကြွင်းမဲ့ဘုရင်စနစ် – birmaniera" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အကြွင်းမဲ့ဘုရင်စနစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Абсолютной монархиясь – erziera" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Абсолютной монархиясь" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="पूर्ण राजतन्त्र – nepalera" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पूर्ण राजतन्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_monarchie" title="Absolute monarchie – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Absolute monarchie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einevelde" title="Einevelde – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Einevelde" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enevelde" title="Enevelde – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Enevelde" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarquia_absoluda" title="Monarquia absoluda – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Monarquia absoluda" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%80" title="ਨਿਰੋਲ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹੀ – punjabera" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਿਰੋਲ ਬਾਦਸ਼ਾਹੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchia_absolutna" title="Monarchia absolutna – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Monarchia absolutna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%AA" title="مطلق العنان بادشاہت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مطلق العنان بادشاہت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarquia_absoluta" title="Monarquia absoluta – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Monarquia absoluta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Абсолютная монархия – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Абсолютная монархия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Абсолутна монархія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Абсолутна монархія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assulut%C3%ACsimu_mun%C3%A0rchicu" title="Assulutìsimu munàrchicu – siziliera" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Assulutìsimu munàrchicu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siziliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy – eskoziera" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Absolute monarchy" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="eskoziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AA" title="خودمختيار بادشاهت – sindhia" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="خودمختيار بادشاهت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apsolutna_monarhija" title="Apsolutna monarhija – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Apsolutna monarhija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Absolute monarchy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolutistick%C3%A1_monarchia" title="Absolutistická monarchia – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Absolutistická monarchia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarkia_absolute" title="Monarkia absolute – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Monarkia absolute" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Апсолутна монархија – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Апсолутна монархија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarki_absolut" title="Monarki absolut – sundanera" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Monarki absolut" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolut_monarki" title="Absolut monarki – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Absolut monarki" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="สมบูรณาญาสิทธิราชย์ – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สมบูรณาญาสิทธิราชย์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganap_na_monarkiya" title="Ganap na monarkiya – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ganap na monarkiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutlak_monar%C5%9Fi" title="Mutlak monarşi – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mutlak monarşi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Абсолютна монархія – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Абсолютна монархія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%AA" title="مطلق العنان بادشاہت – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مطلق العنان بادشاہت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutlaq_monarxiya" title="Mutlaq monarxiya – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mutlaq monarxiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchia_aso%C5%82uta" title="Monarchia asołuta – veneziera" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Monarchia asołuta" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%A2n_ch%E1%BB%A7_chuy%C3%AAn_ch%E1%BA%BF" title="Quân chủ chuyên chế – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quân chủ chuyên chế" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%93%E5%88%B6" title="君主专制 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="君主专制" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="აბსოლუტური მონარქია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="აბსოლუტური მონარქია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E5%B0%8D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="絕對君主制 – txinera" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="絕對君主制" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%88%B6" title="帝制 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="帝制" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choa%CC%8Dt-t%C3%B9i_kun-ch%C3%BA-ch%C3%A8" title="Choa̍t-tùi kun-chú-chè – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Choa̍t-tùi kun-chú-chè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%B0%88%E5%88%B6" title="君主專制 – kantonera" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="君主專制" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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color=red border: solid 1px #adaaad;"> <tbody><tr align="center" style="background:#CCCCFF"> <th><a href="/wiki/Gobernu" title="Gobernu">Gobernu motak</a><br /> </th></tr> <tr align="left" style="font-size: 95%"> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aristokrazia" title="Aristokrazia">Aristokrazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autokrazia" title="Autokrazia">Autokrazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demokrazia" title="Demokrazia">Demokrazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despotismo" title="Despotismo">Despotismoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diktadura" title="Diktadura">Diktadura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errepublika" title="Errepublika">Errepublika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarkia" title="Monarkia">Monarkia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarkia_absolutu" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarkia absolutu">Absolutua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarkia_konstituzional" title="Monarkia konstituzional">Konstituzionala</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komunismo" title="Komunismo">Komunismoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oligarkia" title="Oligarkia">Oligarkia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teknokrazia" title="Teknokrazia">Teknokrazia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alderdi_bakartasuna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alderdi bakartasuna (sortu gabe)">Alderdi bakarrekoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teokrazia" title="Teokrazia">Teokrazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirano" title="Tirano">Tirania</a><br /></li></ul> <hr /> </td></tr> <tr align="center" style="font-size: 100%"> <td><a href="/wiki/Politika" title="Politika">Politika</a> saila </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Monarkia absolutua</b> edo <b>absolutismoa</b> batez ere <a href="/wiki/XVII._mendea" title="XVII. mendea">XVII. mendean</a> izan zen gobernu era bat da. Estatuaren aginpide guztiak erregeen esku geratzen ziren; beraz, tradizio erakundeak, gorteak edo parlamentuak ez zuen parte hartu gobernazio horretan. Agintea Jainkoarengandik zetorren, alegia, erregeak jainkoari erantzun behar zion, eta ez bere menpe zeudenei. </p><p>Agintea sendotzeko, lurraldea modu zentralizatuan antolatu zuten, zergak kontrolatu zituzten, eta armada iraunkorra sorrarazi zuten. </p><p>Gobernu sistema hori Europan gutxi gorabehera 1648aren eta 1789aren artean ugaldu zen. Garaiaren eta herrialdearen arabera zenbait maila eta ezaugarri izan zituen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ezaugarriak">Ezaugarriak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarkia_absolutua&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Ezaugarriak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarkia_absolutua&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Ezaugarriak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Monarkia absolutuen pentsakeran, erregea Jainkoaren lurreko ordezkaria zen eta haren aurrean bakarrik erantzun beharko zuen. Erregearen boterea, erresumaren gauzetan, mugarik gabekoa zen eta aginte guztiak zituen. Legeak egiten zituen eta justizi mota guztien oinarria zen, zeregin hori tribunalei uzten zien arren. Administrazioko arlo guztietan bera zen nagusia. Gastuak berak erabakitzen zituen eta zergak ere bere izenean biltzen ziren.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Praktikan, ordea, monarkiaren erabaki batzuk ordezkarien organoek eta beste botere-erakunde batzuek, lan korporazioek (merkatarien eta artisauen instituzio korporatiboek) eta nobleen taldeek eta Elizak, esaterako, baldintzatzen zituzten zenbaitetan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Absolutismoaren_kontrako_erreakzioak">Absolutismoaren kontrako erreakzioak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarkia_absolutua&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Absolutismoaren kontrako erreakzioak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarkia_absolutua&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Absolutismoaren kontrako erreakzioak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Europako kontestuan, <a href="/w/index.php?title=1688ko_iraultza_ingelesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1688ko iraultza ingelesa (sortu gabe)">1688ko iraultza ingelesean</a> gauzatu zen burgesiaren lehen erreakzopa, erregearen boterea mugatuz eta errege parlamentario bihurtuz. Iraultza are erradikalagoa izan zen 1789an <a href="/wiki/Frantziako_Iraultza" title="Frantziako Iraultza">Frantziakoa</a>, zeinean espreski <a href="/wiki/Burujabetza" title="Burujabetza">subiranotasuna</a> herrian kokatu zen prezeski. </p><p>Espainian, <a href="/wiki/Karlos_IV.a_Espainiakoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Karlos IV.a Espainiakoa"><b>Karlos IV</b>.a</a>ren erregealdian Erregimen Zaharrak krisialdi sakona izan zuen eta horrek sartu zuen Espainia Aro Garaikidean. Erreformen bidez aldatzen saiatu ziren, baina erroak ez ziren ia aldatu (estamentuak, jabetza gutxiren esku, herritar gehienak politikatik kanpo…). <a href="/wiki/Konbentzio_Gerra" class="mw-redirect" title="Konbentzio Gerra">Konbentzioko gerra</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Iberiar_Penintsulako_Gerra" title="Iberiar Penintsulako Gerra">Independentzia gerra</a> jasan zituen eta Frantziako Iraultzaren aldeko talde batzuek <a href="/wiki/Antzinako_Erregimena" title="Antzinako Erregimena">Erregimen Zaharra</a> behin betiko baztertu nahi izan zuten 1812an <a href="/wiki/1812ko_Espainiako_Konstituzioa" class="mw-redirect" title="1812ko Espainiako Konstituzioa">Cádizko Konstituzio</a> liberala idatziz. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="21._mendean">21. mendean</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarkia_absolutua&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «21. mendean»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarkia_absolutua&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: 21. mendean"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Munduan badira oraindik ere lau monarkia absolutu: <a href="/wiki/Vatikano_Hiria" title="Vatikano Hiria">Vatikanoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swazilandia" class="mw-redirect" title="Swazilandia">Swazilandia</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>. Hala ere, gobernu era horrek jendartean onespen murritza du <a href="/wiki/Frantziako_Iraultza" title="Frantziako Iraultza">Frantziako Iraultzaz</a> geroztik, iraultza hark herriaren burujabetzan oinarritutako gobernu sistemak sustatu baitzituen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarkia_absolutua&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarkia_absolutua&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> </span> <span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://koroie.wordpress.com/historia-2/aurrekariak/00-espainiako-monarkiaren-ezaugarriak-lege-zaharrean/">«00. 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