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Available in 42 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benennung_von_Asteroiden_und_Kometen" title="Benennung von Asteroiden und Kometen – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Benennung von Asteroiden und Kometen" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%83%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="تسمية الكوكب الصغير – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تسمية الكوكب الصغير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oznake_malih_planeta" title="Oznake malih planeta – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Oznake malih planeta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anvadur_an_asteroidenno%C3%B9" title="Anvadur an asteroidennoù – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Anvadur an asteroidennoù" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designaci%C3%B3_de_planeta_menor" title="Designació de planeta menor – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Designació de planeta menor" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozna%C4%8Den%C3%AD_planetek" title="Označení planetek – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Označení planetek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benennung_von_Asteroiden_und_Kometen" title="Benennung von Asteroiden und Kometen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Benennung von Asteroiden und Kometen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B4%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Ονοματολογία αστεροειδών – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ονοματολογία αστεροειδών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designaci%C3%B3n_provisional" title="Designación provisional – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Designación provisional" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomoj_de_la_planedetoj" title="Nomoj de la planedetoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nomoj de la planedetoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="نامگذاری ریزسیاره‌ها – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نامگذاری ریزسیاره‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9signation_des_plan%C3%A8tes_mineures" title="Désignation des planètes mineures – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Désignation des planètes mineures" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enmys_myn-phlanaidyn" title="Enmys myn-phlanaidyn – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Enmys myn-phlanaidyn" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%ED%96%89%EC%84%B1%EC%B2%B4%EB%AA%85" title="소행성체명 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소행성체명" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8" title="हीन ग्रह नामांकन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हीन ग्रह नामांकन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozna%C4%8Davanje_malih_planeta" title="Označavanje malih planeta – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Označavanje malih planeta" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designazione_provvisoria_degli_asteroidi" title="Designazione provvisoria degli asteroidi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Designazione provvisoria degli asteroidi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designatio_planetarum_minorum" title="Designatio planetarum minorum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Designatio planetarum minorum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maz%C4%81s_plan%C4%93tas_nosaukums" title="Mazās planētas nosaukums – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mazās planētas nosaukums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benennung_vun_Asteroiden_a_Kom%C3%A9iten" title="Benennung vun Asteroiden a Koméiten – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Benennung vun Asteroiden a Koméiten" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Ознака за мала планета – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ознака за мала планета" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B3-%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D" title="Жижиг-гаригийн тэмдэглэгээ – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Жижиг-гаригийн тэмдэглэгээ" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naamgeving_van_planeto%C3%AFden" title="Naamgeving van planetoïden – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Naamgeving van planetoïden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%83%91%E6%98%9F%E7%95%AA%E5%8F%B7" title="小惑星番号 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="小惑星番号" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sm%C3%A5planetnavn" title="Småplanetnavn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Småplanetnavn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sm%C3%A5planetnemning" title="Småplanetnemning – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Småplanetnemning" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naams_vun_Asteroiden_un_Kometen" title="Naams vun Asteroiden un Kometen – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Naams vun Asteroiden un Kometen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_oznaczania_i_nazewnictwa_planetoid" title="System oznaczania i nazewnictwa planetoid – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="System oznaczania i nazewnictwa planetoid" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_planeta_menor" title="Designação de planeta menor – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Designação de planeta menor" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denumirea_planetelor_minore" title="Denumirea planetelor minore – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Denumirea planetelor minore" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Временное обозначение астероида – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Временное обозначение астероида" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minor_planet_designation" title="Minor planet designation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Minor planet designation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozna%C4%8Denie_plan%C3%A9tok" title="Označenie planétok – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Označenie planétok" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imena_pritlikavih_planetov" title="Imena pritlikavih planetov – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Imena pritlikavih planetov" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisoriska_beteckningar_p%C3%A5_sm%C3%A5planeter" title="Provisoriska beteckningar på småplaneter – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Provisoriska beteckningar på småplaneter" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="การตั้งชื่อดาวเคราะห์น้อย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การตั้งชื่อดาวเคราะห์น้อย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_gezegen_adland%C4%B1rmas%C4%B1" title="Küçük gezegen adlandırması – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Küçük gezegen adlandırması" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%97%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Тимчасове позначення астероїда – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тимчасове позначення астероїда" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_h%C3%A0nh_tinh_vi_h%C3%ACnh" title="Định danh hành tinh vi hình – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Định danh hành tinh vi hình" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%BA%8F%E8%99%9F" title="小行星序號 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="小行星序號" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%BA%8F%E8%99%9F" title="小行星序號 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="小行星序號" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%BA%8F%E8%99%9F" title="小行星序號 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="小行星序號" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q817125#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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.hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the provisional designation of minor planets, see <a href="/wiki/Provisional_designation_in_astronomy" title="Provisional designation in astronomy">Provisional designation in astronomy</a>.</div> <p>A formal <b>minor-planet designation</b> is, in its final form, a number–name combination given to a minor planet (<a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centaur_(minor_planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Centaur (minor planet)">centaur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trans-Neptunian_object" title="Trans-Neptunian object">trans-Neptunian object</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dwarf_planet" title="Dwarf planet">dwarf planet</a> but not <a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">comet</a>). Such designation always features a leading number (catalog or IAU number) assigned to a body once its orbital path is sufficiently secured (so-called "numbering"). The formal designation is based on the minor planet's <a href="/wiki/Provisional_designation_in_astronomy" title="Provisional designation in astronomy">provisional designation</a>, which was previously assigned automatically when it had been observed for the first time. Later on, the provisional part of the formal designation may be replaced with a name (so-called "naming"). Both formal and provisional designations are overseen by the <a href="/wiki/Minor_Planet_Center" title="Minor Planet Center">Minor Planet Center</a> (MPC), a branch of the <a href="/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union" title="International Astronomical Union">International Astronomical Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IAU-naming_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAU-naming-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Currently, a number is assigned only after the orbit has been secured by four well-observed <a href="/wiki/Opposition_(planets)" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition (planets)">oppositions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HowNamed_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HowNamed-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For unusual objects, such as <a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_asteroid" class="mw-redirect" title="Near-Earth asteroid">near-Earth asteroids</a>, numbering might already occur after three, maybe even only two, oppositions.<sup id="cite_ref-HowNamed_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HowNamed-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among more than <a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets#Main_index" title="List of minor planets">half a million minor planets</a> that received a number,<sup id="cite_ref-jpl-SDBD-count_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpl-SDBD-count-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> only about 20 thousand (or 4%) have <a href="/wiki/List_of_named_minor_planets_(alphabetical)" title="List of named minor planets (alphabetical)">received a name</a>. In addition, approximately 700,000 minor planets have <a href="/wiki/List_of_unnumbered_minor_planets" title="List of unnumbered minor planets">not been numbered</a>, as of November 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-jpl-SDBD-count_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpl-SDBD-count-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The convention for <a href="/wiki/Minor-planet_moon" title="Minor-planet moon">satellites of minor planets</a>, such as the formal designation (87) Sylvia I Romulus for the asteroid moon <a href="/wiki/Romulus_(moon)" title="Romulus (moon)">Romulus</a>, is an extension of the <a href="/wiki/Naming_of_moons#Roman_numeral_designations" title="Naming of moons">Roman numeral convention</a> that had been used, on and off, for the moons of the planets since <a href="/wiki/Galileo" class="mw-redirect" title="Galileo">Galileo</a>'s time. Comets are also managed by the MPC, but use <a href="/wiki/Naming_of_comets" title="Naming of comets">a different cataloguing system</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Syntax">Syntax</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minor-planet_designation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Syntax"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A formal designation consists of two parts: a catalog <i>number</i>, historically assigned in approximate order of discovery, and either a <i>name</i>, typically assigned by the discoverer, or, the minor planet's <i><a href="/wiki/Provisional_designation_in_astronomy" title="Provisional designation in astronomy">provisional</a></i> designation.<sup id="cite_ref-IAU-naming_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAU-naming-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The permanent syntax is: </p> <ul><li>for unnamed minor planets: <code>(number) <a href="/wiki/Provisional_designation_in_astronomy" title="Provisional designation in astronomy">Provisional</a> designation</code></li> <li>for <a href="/wiki/List_of_named_minor_planets_(numerical)" title="List of named minor planets (numerical)">named minor planets</a>: <code>(number) Name</code>; with or without parentheses</li></ul> <p>For example, the unnamed minor planet <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(388188)_2006_DP14" title="(388188) 2006 DP14">(388188) 2006 DP<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">14</span></span></a></span> has its number always written in parentheses, while for named minor planets such as (274301) Wikipedia, the parentheses may be dropped as in <a href="/wiki/274301_Wikipedia" title="274301 Wikipedia">274301 Wikipedia</a>. Parentheses are now often omitted in prominent databases such as the <a href="/wiki/JPL_Small-Body_Database" title="JPL Small-Body Database">JPL Small-Body Database</a>. </p><p>Since minor-planet designations change over time, different versions may be used in <a href="/wiki/Astronomy_journals" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomy journals">astronomy journals</a>. When the main-belt asteroid 274301 Wikipedia was discovered in August 2008, it was provisionally designated <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2008_QH24" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 QH24">2008 QH<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">24</span></span></a></span>, before it received a number and was then written as <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(274301)_2008_QH24" class="mw-redirect" title="(274301) 2008 QH24">(274301) 2008 QH<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">24</span></span></a></span>. On 27 January 2013, it was named <i>Wikipedia</i> after being published in the <i><a href="/wiki/Minor_Planet_Circulars" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor Planet Circulars">Minor Planet Circulars</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-MPC-Wikipedia_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPC-Wikipedia-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MPC-Circulars-Archive_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPC-Circulars-Archive-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the preference of the astronomer and publishing date of the journal, 274301 Wikipedia may be referred to as <span class="nowrap">2008 QH<sub>24</sub></span>, or simply as <span class="nowrap">(274301)</span>. In practice, for any reasonably well-known object the number is mostly a catalogue entry, and the name or provisional designation is generally used in place of the formal designation. So <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> is rarely written as 134340 Pluto, and <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2002_TX300" class="mw-redirect" title="2002 TX300">2002 TX<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">300</span></span></a></span> is more commonly used than the longer version <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(55636)_2002_TX300" title="(55636) 2002 TX300">(55636) 2002 TX<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">300</span></span></a></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minor-planet_designation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By 1851 there were 15 known asteroids, all but one with their own <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_symbols" title="Astronomical symbols">symbol</a>. The symbols grew increasingly complex as the number of objects grew, and, as they had to be drawn by hand, astronomers found some of them difficult. This difficulty was addressed by <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Apthorp_Gould" title="Benjamin Apthorp Gould">Benjamin Apthorp Gould</a> in 1851, who suggested numbering asteroids in their order of discovery, and placing this number in a circle as the symbol for the asteroid, such as ④ for the fourth asteroid, <a href="/wiki/4_Vesta" title="4 Vesta">Vesta</a>. This practice was soon coupled with the name itself into an official number–name designation, "④ Vesta", as the number of minor planets increased. By the late 1850s, the circle had been simplified to parentheses, "(4)" and "(4) Vesta", which was easier to typeset. Other punctuation such as "4) Vesta" and "4, Vesta" was also used, but had more or less completely died out by 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The major exception to the convention that the number tracks the order of discovery or determination of orbit is the case of Pluto. Since Pluto was initially classified as a planet, it was not given a number until a 2006 redefinition of "planet" that excluded it. At that point, Pluto was given the formal designation (134340) Pluto. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minor-planet_designation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets" title="List of minor planets">List of minor planets</a>, <i>see <a href="/wiki/LOMP" class="mw-redirect" title="LOMP">index</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_naming_conventions" title="Astronomical naming conventions">Astronomical naming conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meanings_of_minor-planet_names" title="Meanings of minor-planet names">Meanings of minor-planet names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Name_conflicts_with_minor_planets" class="mw-redirect" title="Name conflicts with minor planets">Name conflicts with minor planets</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minor-planet_designation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-IAU-naming-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IAU-naming_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAU-naming_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060216182947/http://www.iau.org/MINOR_PLANETS_NAMING.245.0.html">"How Minor Planet Are Named"</a>. <i>IAU – International Astronomical Union</i>. 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/MINOR_PLANETS_NAMING.245.0.html">the original</a> on 16 February 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IAU+%E2%80%93+International+Astronomical+Union&rft.atitle=How+Minor+Planet+Are+Named&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iau.org%2FMINOR_PLANETS_NAMING.245.0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinor-planet+designation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HowNamed-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HowNamed_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HowNamed_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/info/HowNamed.html">"How Are Minor Planets Named?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Minor_Planet_Center" title="Minor Planet Center">Minor Planet Center</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-02-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Are+Minor+Planets+Named%3F&rft.pub=Minor+Planet+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.minorplanetcenter.net%2Fiau%2Finfo%2FHowNamed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinor-planet+designation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jpl-SDBD-count-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jpl-SDBD-count_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jpl-SDBD-count_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?body_count">"How Many Solar System Bodies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory" title="Jet Propulsion Laboratory">Jet Propulsion Laboratory</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Many+Solar+System+Bodies&rft.pub=Jet+Propulsion+Laboratory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fssd.jpl.nasa.gov%2F%3Fbody_count&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinor-planet+designation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MPC-Wikipedia-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MPC-Wikipedia_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=274301">"274301 Wikipedia (2008 QH24)"</a>. <i>Minor Planet Center</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Minor+Planet+Center&rft.atitle=274301+Wikipedia+%282008+QH24%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.minorplanetcenter.net%2Fdb_search%2Fshow_object%3Fobject_id%3D274301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinor-planet+designation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MPC-Circulars-Archive-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MPC-Circulars-Archive_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html">"MPC/MPO/MPS Archive"</a>. <i>Minor Planet Center</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Minor+Planet+Center&rft.atitle=MPC%2FMPO%2FMPS+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.minorplanetcenter.net%2Fiau%2FECS%2FMPCArchive%2FMPCArchive_TBL.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMinor-planet+designation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From <a href="/wiki/James_L._Hilton" title="James L. Hilton">Dr. James Hilton's</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php"><i>When Did the Asteroids Become Minor Planets?</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090825024347/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php">Archived</a> 2009-08-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, particularly the discussion of <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Apthorp_Gould" title="Benjamin Apthorp Gould">Gould, B. A.</a> 1852, <i>On the Symbolic Notation of the Asteroids</i>, Astronomical Journal, Vol. 2, and immediately subsequent history. The discussion of C. J. Cunningham (1988), also from there, explains the parenthetical part.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minor-planet_designation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/MPNames.html">Minor Planet Names: Alphabetical List</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060216182947/http://www.iau.org/MINOR_PLANETS_NAMING.245.0.html">IAU FAQ on minor planets</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110311062055/http://www.cfa.harvard.edu:80/iau/info/OldDesDoc.html">MPC explanation of provisional designations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Hilton" title="James L. Hilton">Dr. James Hilton</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090825024347/http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/minorplanets.php"><i>When Did the Asteroids Become Minor Planets?</i></a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Meanings_of_minor-planet_names" title="Meanings of minor-planet names">Meanings of names</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_asteroid" title="Active asteroid">Active</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aten_asteroid" title="Aten asteroid">Aten asteroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_belt" title="Asteroid belt">Asteroid belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_family" title="Asteroid family">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_trojan" title="Jupiter trojan">Jupiter trojan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">Near-Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_spectral_types" title="Asteroid spectral types">Spectral types</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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