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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Views on the Ascension</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Views_on_the_Ascension-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Views on the Ascension subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Views_on_the_Ascension-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Theology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cosmology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cosmology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Cosmology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cosmology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nonreligious_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nonreligious_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Nonreligious views</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nonreligious_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liturgy:_Feast_of_the_Ascension" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liturgy:_Feast_of_the_Ascension"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Liturgy: Feast of the Ascension</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liturgy:_Feast_of_the_Ascension-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Christian_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Christian_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In Christian art</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_Christian_art-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In Christian art subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_Christian_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Olivet_and_the_Chapel_of_the_Ascension" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olivet_and_the_Chapel_of_the_Ascension"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Olivet and the Chapel of the Ascension</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olivet_and_the_Chapel_of_the_Ascension-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ascension of Jesus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemelvaart" title="Hemelvaart – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hemelvaart" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christi_Himmelfahrt" title="Christi Himmelfahrt – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Christi Himmelfahrt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B9" title="صعود يسوع – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صعود يسوع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A3" title="যীশুর স্বর্গারোহণ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="যীশুর স্বর্গারোহণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%86%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Узнясенне Ісуса Хрыста – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Узнясенне Ісуса Хрыста" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Възнесение Господне – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Възнесение Господне" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensi%C3%B3_de_Jes%C3%BAs" title="Ascensió de Jesús – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ascensió de Jesús" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanebevstoupen%C3%AD_P%C3%A1n%C4%9B" title="Nanebevstoupení Páně – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nanebevstoupení Páně" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%88%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%99%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Ανάληψη του Ιησού – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανάληψη του Ιησού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensi%C3%B3n_de_Jes%C3%BAs" title="Ascensión de Jesús – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ascensión de Jesús" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesusen_Igokundea" title="Jesusen Igokundea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jesusen Igokundea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AC_%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="عروج عیسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عروج عیسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascension_(f%C3%AAte)#Les_sources_néotestamentaires" title="Ascension (fête) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ascension (fête)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himelfeart_fan_Jezus" title="Himelfeart fan Jezus – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Himelfeart fan Jezus" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deascabh%C3%A1il_%C3%8Dosa" title="Deascabháil Íosa – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Deascabháil Íosa" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98_%EC%8A%B9%EC%B2%9C" title="예수의 승천 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="예수의 승천" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A3" title="यीशु का स्वर्गारोहण – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यीशु का स्वर्गारोहण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenaikan_Yesus_Kristus" title="Kenaikan Yesus Kristus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kenaikan Yesus Kristus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascension_de_Jesus" title="Ascension de Jesus – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ascension de Jesus" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensione_di_Ges%C3%B9" title="Ascensione di Gesù – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ascensione di Gesù" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%95_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%94" title="עליית ישו השמימה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עליית ישו השמימה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9krad_Dalem_Y%C3%A9sus_Kristus" title="Mékrad Dalem Yésus Kristus – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mékrad Dalem Yésus Kristus" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascensio_Domini" title="Ascensio Domini – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ascensio Domini" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christi_Himmelfaart" title="Christi Himmelfaart – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Christi Himmelfaart" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbuta_ya_Y%C3%A9su-Kr%C3%ADsto_o_likol%C3%B3" title="Mbuta ya Yésu-Krísto o likoló – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mbuta ya Yésu-Krísto o likoló" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vozn%E2%80%99esenn%E2%80%99u" title="Vozn’esenn’u – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Vozn’esenn’u" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Вознесение Христово – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Вознесение Христово" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiakaran%27_i_Kristy_any_an-danitra" title="Fiakaran' i Kristy any an-danitra – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiakaran' i Kristy any an-danitra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B9" title="صعود يسوع – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="صعود يسوع" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenaikan_Yesus" title="Kenaikan Yesus – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kenaikan Yesus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemmelvoart" title="Hemmelvoart – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Hemmelvoart" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%81%AE%E6%98%87%E5%A4%A9" title="キリストの昇天 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キリストの昇天" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wniebowst%C4%85pienie" title="Wniebowstąpienie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wniebowstąpienie" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Jesus_ascending_to_heaven.jpg/260px-Jesus_ascending_to_heaven.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Jesus_ascending_to_heaven.jpg/390px-Jesus_ascending_to_heaven.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Jesus_ascending_to_heaven.jpg/520px-Jesus_ascending_to_heaven.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2802" data-file-height="3134" /></a><figcaption>Jesus' ascension to Heaven depicted by <a href="/wiki/John_Singleton_Copley" title="John Singleton Copley">John Singleton Copley</a> in <i>Ascension</i> (1775)</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:#dcf5dc;">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#dcf5dc;">Death and Resurrection of <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Entombment of Christ"><img alt="Entombment of Christ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg/150px-Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg/225px-Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg/300px-Caravaggio_-_La_Deposizione_di_Cristo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="574" data-file-height="864" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arrest_of_Jesus" title="Arrest of Jesus">Arrest</a></b></li> <li><b>Trials</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin_trial_of_Jesus" title="Sanhedrin trial of Jesus">Sanhedrin trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_at_Herod%27s_court" title="Jesus at Herod's court">Herod's court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilate%27s_court" title="Pilate's court">Pilate's court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flagellation_of_Christ" title="Flagellation of Christ">Flagellation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mocking_of_Jesus" title="Mocking of Jesus">Mocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_thorns" title="Crown of thorns">Crown of thorns</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Via_Dolorosa" title="Via Dolorosa">Via Dolorosa</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion and Death</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Burial_of_Jesus" title="Burial of Jesus">Burial</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Empty_tomb" title="Empty tomb">Empty tomb</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus#Biblical_accounts" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Biblical accounts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Overview_of_resurrection_appearances_in_the_Gospels_and_Paul" title="Overview of resurrection appearances in the Gospels and Paul">overview</a>) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Noli_me_tangere" title="Noli me tangere">Noli me tangere</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_to_Emmaus_appearance" title="Road to Emmaus appearance">Road to Emmaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ascension</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Monday" title="Holy Monday">Holy Monday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Tuesday" title="Holy Tuesday">Holy Tuesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Wednesday" title="Holy Wednesday">Spy Wednesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maundy_Thursday" title="Maundy Thursday">Maundy Thursday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday" title="Good Friday">Good Friday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Saturday" title="Holy Saturday">Holy Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter Sunday</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Significance</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Session_of_Christ" title="Session of Christ">Session of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_eschatology" title="Jewish eschatology">Jewish eschatology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_eschatology" title="Christian eschatology">Christian eschatology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Visions of Jesus</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vision_theory_of_Jesus%27_appearances" title="Vision theory of Jesus' appearances">Vision theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_(spirituality)" title="Vision (spirituality)">Visions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_experience" title="Religious experience">Religious experience</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Empty tomb theories</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_body_hypothesis" title="Stolen body hypothesis">Stolen body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swoon_hypothesis" title="Swoon hypothesis">Swoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost_body_hypothesis" title="Lost body hypothesis">Lost body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substitution_hypothesis" title="Substitution hypothesis">Twin</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instrument_of_Jesus%27_crucifixion" title="Instrument of Jesus' crucifixion">Instrument of crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_darkness" title="Crucifixion darkness">Crucifixion darkness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversion_of_Paul_the_Apostle" title="Conversion of Paul the Apostle">Conversion of Paul the Apostle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_views_on_Jesus%27s_death" title="Islamic views on Jesus's death">Islamic view</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <small><small><b>Portals: </b><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/16px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/24px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/32px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1993" data-file-height="1300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Bible" title="Portal:Bible">Bible</a></small></small></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background: #efefef">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Christianity" title="Category:Christianity">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #efefef"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Christian_cross" title="Principal symbol of Christianity"><img alt="Principal symbol of Christianity" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/50px-Christian_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/75px-Christian_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/100px-Christian_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="564" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ascension</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a></li><li>Foundations</li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creed" title="Creed">Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Covenant" title="New Covenant">New Covenant</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Christian_theology" title="Christian theology">Theology</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="God the Father (Christianity)">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_God_(Christianity)" title="Son of God (Christianity)">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_apologetics" title="Christian apologetics">Apologetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christian_theology" title="History of Christian theology">History of theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mission" title="Christian mission">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_universalism" title="Christian universalism">Universalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">History</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_council" title="Ecumenical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">East–West Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Luther</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Denominations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations" title="List of Christian denominations">(full list)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Nicene_Christianity" title="Nicene Christianity">Nicene</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Catholicism" title="Independent Catholicism">Independent Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedevacantism" title="Sedevacantism">Sedevacantism</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodox</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodox</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Free Evangelical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian [Hussite]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Christianity" title="Reformed Christianity">Reformed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_and_uniting_churches" title="United and uniting churches">United Protestant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominational Christianity</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-bottom:0;"> <a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationist</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christadelphians" title="Christadelphians">Christadelphians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church" title="Catholic Apostolic Church">Irvingians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members_Church_of_God_International" title="Members Church of God International">Members Church of God International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Church_(Swedenborgian)" title="The New Church (Swedenborgian)">The New Church (Swedenborgian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Unitarian,_Universalist,_and_Unitarian_Universalist_churches" title="List of Unitarian, Universalist, and Unitarian Universalist churches">Unitarians and Universalists</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #efefef;background:#efefef;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Civilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Christianity" title="Criticism of Christianity">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_culture" title="Christian culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Christianity" title="Glossary of Christianity">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Christianity-related_articles" title="Index of Christianity-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_other_religions" title="Christianity and other religions">Other religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Christianity" title="Outline of Christianity">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon" title="Sermon">Sermon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_symbolism" title="Christian symbolism">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Christianity" title="Glossary of Christianity">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Christianity-related_articles" title="Index of Christianity-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Christianity" title="Outline of Christianity">Outline</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Christian cross"><img alt="Christian cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/20px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/30px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/40px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christianity_sidebar" title="Template:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Christianity_sidebar" title="Template talk:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christianity_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Ascension of Jesus</b> (<a href="/wiki/Anglicized" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglicized">anglicized</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a> <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">ascensio Iesu</i>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'ascent of Jesus') is the <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> belief, reflected in the major <a href="/wiki/Christian_creeds" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian creeds">Christian creeds</a> and confessional statements, that <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> ascended to <a href="/wiki/Heaven_in_Christianity" title="Heaven in Christianity">Heaven</a> after his <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">resurrection</a>, where he was <a href="/wiki/Exaltation_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Exaltation of Jesus">exalted</a> as Lord and <a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014135_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014135-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005508,_591_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005508,_591-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Session_of_Christ" title="Session of Christ">sitting</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Right_hand_of_God" title="Right hand of God">right hand of God</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Gospels and other New Testament writings imply resurrection and exaltation as a single event.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009146_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009146-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZwiep2016145_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZwiep2016145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ascension is "more assumed than described," and only Luke and Acts contain direct accounts of it,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-311_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-311-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but with different chronologies.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Christian_art" title="Christian art">Christian art</a>, the ascending Jesus is often shown blessing an earthly group below him, signifying the entire Church.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Ascension" title="Feast of the Ascension">Feast of the Ascension</a> is celebrated on the 40th day of <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a>, always a Thursday;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> some Orthodox traditions have a different calendar up to a month later than in the Western tradition. The <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran Church">Lutheran Churches</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a> continue to observe the Feast of the Ascension.<sup id="cite_ref-COD2024_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-COD2024-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain <a href="/wiki/Nonconformist_(Protestantism)" title="Nonconformist (Protestantism)">Nonconformist</a> churches, such as the <a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a>, do not observe the feast.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuast201145_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuast201145-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStokl-Ben-Ezra2007286_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStokl-Ben-Ezra2007286-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biblical_accounts">Biblical accounts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biblical accounts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Gospel_harmony" title="Gospel harmony">Events</a> in the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><big><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Jesus" title="Life of Jesus">Life of Jesus</a></big><br /><small><small>according to the <a href="/wiki/Canonical_gospels" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonical gospels">canonical gospels</a></small></small></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Life of Jesus"><img alt="Life of Jesus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg/255px-GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg" decoding="async" width="255" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg/383px-GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg/510px-GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="524" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Christ_Child" title="Christ Child">Early life</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visitation_(Christianity)" title="Visitation (Christianity)">Visitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph%27s_dreams" title="Saint Joseph's dreams">Joseph's dreams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesus" title="Virgin birth of Jesus">Virgin birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation_to_the_shepherds" title="Annunciation to the shepherds">Annunciation to the Shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Shepherds" title="Adoration of the Shepherds">Adoration of the Shepherds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumcision_of_Jesus" title="Circumcision of Jesus">Circumcision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Magi" title="Adoration of the Magi">Adoration of the Magi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_into_Egypt" title="Flight into Egypt">Flight into Egypt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Innocents" title="Massacre of the Innocents">Massacre of the Innocents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_Jesus" title="Presentation of Jesus">Presentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_family_of_Jesus_to_Nazareth" title="Return of the family of Jesus to Nazareth">Return to Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finding_in_the_Temple" title="Finding in the Temple">Finding in the Temple</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temptation_of_Christ" title="Temptation of Christ">Temptation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissioning_of_the_Twelve_Apostles" title="Commissioning of the Twelve Apostles">Commissioning the Twelve Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Plain" title="Sermon on the Plain">Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beatitudes" title="Beatitudes">Beatitudes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Lord's Prayer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">Miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parables_of_Jesus" title="Parables of Jesus">Parables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayers_of_Jesus" title="Prayers of Jesus">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rejection_of_Jesus" title="Rejection of Jesus">Rejection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfiguration_of_Jesus" title="Transfiguration of Jesus">Transfiguration</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triumphal_entry_into_Jerusalem" title="Triumphal entry into Jerusalem">Triumphal entry into Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleansing_of_the_Temple" title="Cleansing of the Temple">Temple cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Coming" title="Second Coming">Second coming prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_Jesus" title="Anointing of Jesus">Anointing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Farewell_Discourse" title="Farewell Discourse">Farewell Discourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraclete" title="Paraclete">Paraclete promised</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agony_in_the_Garden" title="Agony in the Garden">Agony in the Garden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_Judas" title="Kiss of Judas">Kiss of Judas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrest_of_Jesus" title="Arrest of Jesus">Arrest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin_trial_of_Jesus" title="Sanhedrin trial of Jesus">Sanhedrin trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mocking_of_Jesus" title="Mocking of Jesus">Mocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_at_Herod%27s_court" title="Jesus at Herod's court">Herod's court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilate%27s_court" title="Pilate's court">Pilate's court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flagellation_of_Christ" title="Flagellation of Christ">Flagellation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_thorns" title="Crown of thorns">Crown of Thorns</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Via_Dolorosa" title="Via Dolorosa">Via Dolorosa</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Descent_from_the_Cross" title="Descent from the Cross">Descent from the Cross</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burial_of_Jesus" title="Burial of Jesus">Entombment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrowing_of_Hell" title="Harrowing of Hell">Harrowing of Hell</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empty_tomb" title="Empty tomb">Empty tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus#Biblical_accounts" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Appearances</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Noli_me_tangere" title="Noli me tangere">Noli me tangere</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_to_Emmaus_appearance" title="Road to Emmaus appearance">Road to Emmaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ascension</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">In rest of the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">NT</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conversion_of_Paul_the_Apostle" title="Conversion of Paul the Apostle">Road to Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John%27s_vision_of_the_Son_of_Man" title="John's vision of the Son of Man">John's vision</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> Portals: <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/16px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/24px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/32px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1993" data-file-height="1300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Bible" title="Portal:Bible">Bible</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gospel_Jesus" title="Template:Gospel Jesus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gospel_Jesus" title="Template talk:Gospel Jesus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gospel_Jesus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gospel Jesus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Although the ascension is an important article of faith in Christianity, only Luke and Acts contain direct accounts of it. In the shorter ending of Mark, in Matthew, and in John, it is only implied or alluded to.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-311_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-311-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Gospels do not picture resurrection and ascension as clearly separated in time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other New Testament writings also imply resurrection and exaltation as a single event.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Various epistles (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Romans#8:34" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Romans">Romans 8:34</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Ephesians#1:19" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Ephesians">Ephesians 1:19–20</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Colossians#3:1" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Colossians">Colossians 3:1</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Philippians#2:9" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Philippians">Philippians 2:9–11</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/1_Timothy#3:16" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/1 Timothy">1 Timothy 3:16</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/1_Peter#3:21" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/1 Peter">1 Peter 3:21–22</a>) refer to an ascension without specifying details, seeming, like <a href="/wiki/Luke%E2%80%93Acts" title="Luke–Acts">Luke–Acts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">John</a>, to equate it with the post-resurrection "exaltation" of Jesus to the right hand of God.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200421_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200421-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ascension is detailed in both Luke and Acts, a pair of works ascribed to the same author, <a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">Luke the Evangelist</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson2010319_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson2010319-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luke_24" title="Luke 24">Luke 24:51</a>: Jesus leads the eleven remaining <a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">disciples</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bethany_(Biblical_village)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bethany (Biblical village)">Bethany</a>, a village on the <a href="/wiki/Mount_of_Olives" title="Mount of Olives">Mount of Olives</a>, and instructs them to remain in Jerusalem until the coming of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a>: "And it came to pass, while he blessed them, he parted from them, and was carried up into heaven. And they worshipped him, and returned to Jerusalem with great joy."</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_1" title="Acts 1">Acts 1</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts%201:1–9&version=nrsv">Acts 1:1–9</a>): Jesus tells the disciples to remain in Jerusalem and await the coming of the Holy Spirit; he is then taken up from the disciples in their sight, a cloud hides him from view, and two men in white appear to tell them that he will return "in the same way you have seen him go into heaven."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMüller2016113-114_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMüller2016113-114-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Luke and Acts appear to describe the same event but present quite different chronologies, the gospel placing it on the same day as the resurrection and Acts forty days afterwards;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeim200924_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeim200924-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> various proposals have been put forward to resolve the contradiction, but none have been found satisfactory.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMüller2016113_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMüller2016113-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Dunn, the author of Acts separated the resurrection and ascension to put a limit on the number of resurrection appearances,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140,_146_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140,_146-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> effectively excluding Paul's conversion experience from the <i>bona fide</i> resurrection appearances.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zwiep argues that Jesus was originally believed to have been <a href="/wiki/Exaltation_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Exaltation of Jesus">exalted</a> with his ascension to heaven and seated at the right hand of God with his resurrection<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZwiep2016145_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZwiep2016145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until the late first century where he argues the exaltation had been separated from the resurrection, and moved to a final ascension into heaven after his appearances on earth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZwiep2016145_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZwiep2016145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other scholars note that the biblical authors tended to conflate or compress different events and narrate them as one which was a literary theme seen in other ancient biographies to improve the narrative flow. Such scholars caution against a strictly chronological reading.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>John's Gospel has three references to ascension in Jesus' own words: "No one has ascended into heaven but he who descended from heaven, the Son of Man" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+3:13&version=nkjv">John 3:13</a>); "What if you [the disciples] were to see the Son of Man ascending where he was before?" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6:62&version=nkjv">John 6:62</a>); and to Mary Magdalene after his resurrection, "Do not hold me, for I have not yet ascended to my Father..." (<a href="/wiki/John_20:17" title="John 20:17">John 20:17</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the first and second Jesus is claiming to be the apocalyptic "one like a Son of Man" of <a href="/wiki/Daniel_7" title="Daniel 7">Daniel 7</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKöstenberger200485_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKöstenberger200485-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the last has mystified commentators – why should Mary be prohibited from touching the risen but not yet ascended Christ, while Thomas is later invited to do so?<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuast1991134_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuast1991134-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mark_16#Longer_ending" title="Mark 16">longer ending</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Mark</a> describes an ascension, but is a later addition to the original version of that gospel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECresswell2013unpaginated_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECresswell2013unpaginated-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Views_on_the_Ascension">Views on the Ascension</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Views on the Ascension"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adriaen_van_Overbeke_-_Ascension_of_Christ.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Adriaen_van_Overbeke_-_Ascension_of_Christ.jpeg/170px-Adriaen_van_Overbeke_-_Ascension_of_Christ.jpeg" decoding="async" width="170" height="391" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Adriaen_van_Overbeke_-_Ascension_of_Christ.jpeg/255px-Adriaen_van_Overbeke_-_Ascension_of_Christ.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Adriaen_van_Overbeke_-_Ascension_of_Christ.jpeg/340px-Adriaen_van_Overbeke_-_Ascension_of_Christ.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="343" data-file-height="788" /></a><figcaption><i>Ascension of Christ</i> by <a href="/wiki/Adriaen_van_Overbeke" title="Adriaen van Overbeke">Adriaen van Overbeke</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1510–1520</span></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ascension stories were fairly common around the time of Jesus and the evangelists,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200422_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200422-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> signifying the deification of a noteworthy person (usually a Roman Emperor), and in Judaism as an indication of divine approval.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAune2003a65_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAune2003a65-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another function of heavenly ascent was as a mode of divine revelation reflected in Greco-Roman, early Jewish, and early Christian literary sources, in which particular individuals with prophetic or revelatory gifts are said to have experienced a heavenly journey during which they learned cosmic and divine secrets.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAune2003a65_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAune2003a65-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Figures familiar to Jews would have included <a href="/wiki/Enoch_(ancestor_of_Noah)" class="mw-redirect" title="Enoch (ancestor of Noah)">Enoch</a> (from the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Book of Genesis</a> and a popular non-Biblical work called <a href="/wiki/1_Enoch" class="mw-redirect" title="1 Enoch">1 Enoch</a>); the 5th-century sage <a href="/wiki/Ezra" title="Ezra">Ezra</a>; <a href="/wiki/Baruch_ben_Neriah" title="Baruch ben Neriah">Baruch</a> the companion of the prophet <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah" title="Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a> (from a work called <a href="/wiki/2_Baruch" title="2 Baruch">2 Baruch</a>, in which Baruch is promised he will ascend to heaven after forty days); <a href="/wiki/Levi" title="Levi">Levi</a> the ancestor of priests; the <a href="/wiki/Teacher_of_Righteousness" title="Teacher of Righteousness">Teacher of Righteousness</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Qumran" title="Qumran">Qumran</a> community; the prophet <a href="/wiki/Elijah" title="Elijah">Elijah</a> (from <a href="/wiki/2_Kings" class="mw-redirect" title="2 Kings">2 Kings</a>); <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a>, who was deified on entering heaven; and the children of <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Job" title="Book of Job">Job</a>, who according to the <a href="/wiki/Testament_of_Job" title="Testament of Job">Testament of Job</a> ascended heaven following their <a href="/wiki/Universal_resurrection" title="Universal resurrection">resurrection from the dead</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMunoa2000109_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMunoa2000109-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZwiep201616_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZwiep201616-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Non-Jewish readers would have been familiar with the case of the emperor <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>, whose ascent was witnessed by Senators; <a href="/wiki/Romulus" title="Romulus">Romulus</a> the founder of Rome, who, like Jesus, was taken to heaven in a cloud; the Greek hero <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> (Hercules); and others.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200421_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200421-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theology">Theology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Theology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Christian_theology" title="Christian theology">Christian theology</a>, the death, resurrection, and exaltation of Jesus are the most important events, and a foundation of the Christian faith.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn198553_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn198553-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009149_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009149-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The early followers of Jesus believed that <a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> had vindicated Jesus after his death, as reflected in the stories about his resurrection, ascension, and exaltation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Christian">early followers of Jesus</a> soon believed that Jesus was raised as <a href="/wiki/Firstborn_(Judaism)" title="Firstborn (Judaism)">first of the dead</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014152_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014152-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> taken into Heaven, and <a href="/wiki/Exaltation_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Exaltation of Jesus">exalted</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014135_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014135-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005508,_591_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005508,_591-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Heavenly_session" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavenly session">taking the seat at the right hand of God</a> in Heaven, as stated in the <a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Creed" title="Apostles' Creed">Apostles' Creed</a>: "He ascended into heaven, and is seated at the right hand of God the Father almighty."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Psalm_110" title="Psalm 110">Psalm 110</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Psalms%20110:1&version=nrsv">Psalms 110:1</a>) played an essential role in this interpretation of Jesus' death and the resurrection appearances: "The Lord said to my Lord, "Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies your footstool." It provided an interpretative frame for Jesus' followers to make sense of his death and the resurrection appearances.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009218_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009218-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This understanding is summarized by the theologian <a href="/wiki/Justus_Knecht" title="Justus Knecht">Justus Knecht</a> who wrote: "Our Lord went up Body and Soul into heaven in the sight of His apostles, by His own power, to take possession of His glory, and to be our Advocate and Mediator in heaven with the Father. He ascended as Man, as Head of the redeemed, and has prepared a dwelling in heaven for all those who follow in His steps (Sixth article of <a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Creed" title="Apostles' Creed">the Creed</a>)."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnecht1910729_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnecht1910729-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cosmology">Cosmology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cosmology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Biblical_cosmology" title="Biblical cosmology">cosmology</a> of the author of Luke–Acts reflects the beliefs of his age,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009148_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009148-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which envisioned a three-part cosmos with the heavens above, an Earth centered on Jerusalem in the middle, and the <a href="/wiki/Underworld" title="Underworld">underworld</a> below.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright200253_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright200253-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENajman201493_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENajman201493-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heaven was separated from the Earth by the <a href="/wiki/Firmament" title="Firmament">firmament</a>, the visible sky, a solid inverted bowl where God's palace sat on pillars in the celestial sea.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPennington200741-42_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPennington200741-42-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Humans looking up from Earth saw the floor of Heaven, made of clear blue <a href="/wiki/Lapis-lazuli" class="mw-redirect" title="Lapis-lazuli">lapis-lazuli</a> (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Exodus#24:9" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Exodus">Exodus 24:9–10</a>), as was God's throne (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Ezekiel#1:26" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Ezekiel">Ezekiel 1:26</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright200254,56_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright200254,56-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Dunn, "the typical mind-set and worldview of the time conditioned what was actually seen and how the recording of such seeings was conceptualized,"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009148_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009148-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "departure into heaven could only be conceived in terms of 'being taken up ', a literal ascension."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009148_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009148-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In modern times, a literal reading of the ascension-stories has become problematic, due to the differences between the pre-scientific cosmology of the times of Jesus, and the scientific worldview that leaves no place for a Heaven above earth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeim200923_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeim200923-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow201116_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow201116-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Theologian <a href="/wiki/James_Dunn_(theologian)" title="James Dunn (theologian)">James Dunn</a> describes the Ascension as at best a puzzle and at worst an embarrassment for an age that no longer conceives of a physical Heaven located above the Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeim200923_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeim200923-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, in the words of McGill University's Douglas Farrow, in modern times the ascension is seen less as the climax of the mystery of Christ than as "something of an embarrassment in the age of the telescope and the space probe,"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow201116_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow201116-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an "idea [that] conjures up an outdated cosmology."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow20049_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow20049-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yet, according to Dunn, a sole focus on this disparity is beside the real importance of Jesus' ascension, namely the resurrection and subsequent exaltation of Jesus.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009149_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009149-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farrow notes that, already in the third century, the ascension-story was read by <a href="/wiki/Origen" title="Origen">Origen</a> in a mystical way, as an "ascension of the mind rather than of the body," representing one of two basic ascension theologies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow201117_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow201117-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The real problem is the fact that Jesus is both present and absent,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow20043,_8_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow20043,_8-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an ambiguity which points to a "something more" to which the Eucharist gives entry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow20043_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow20043-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islam">Islam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The same doctrine takes on another <a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam#Ascension" title="Jesus in Islam">meaning for Muslims</a>: most Islamic scholars hold that Jesus, the penultimate prophet of Islam, was not crucified or resurrected but his body directly ascended.<sup id="cite_ref-Hughes_2013_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hughes_2013-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reynolds_2009_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds_2009-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lanier_2016_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lanier_2016-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nonreligious_views">Nonreligious views</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Nonreligious views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Russian skeptic <a href="/wiki/Kirill_Eskov" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirill Eskov">Kirill Eskov</a> in his "Nature"-praised work <a href="/wiki/The_Gospel_of_Afranius" title="The Gospel of Afranius">The Gospel of Afranius</a> argues that it was politically prudent for the local Roman administration to strengthen Jesus's influence by spreading rumors about his miracles via <a href="/wiki/Active_measures" title="Active measures">active measures</a>, with this story originating as a well-crafted deliberate lie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liturgy:_Feast_of_the_Ascension">Liturgy: Feast of the Ascension</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Liturgy: Feast of the Ascension"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Ascension" title="Feast of the Ascension">Feast of the Ascension</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Special:EditPage/Ascension of Jesus">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv/270px--The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="270" height="152" data-durationhint="209" data-mwtitle="The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv/The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="1024" data-height="576" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv/The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv/The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv/The_Ascension_of_Jesus_-_Orthodox.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Orthodox <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Ascension" title="Feast of the Ascension">Feast of the Ascension</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Feast of the Ascension is a major <a href="/wiki/Feast_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast day">feast day</a> of the Christian <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">liturgical year</a>, along with the <a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">Pentecost</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuast201145_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuast201145-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ascension Day is traditionally celebrated on the sixth Thursday after Easter Sunday, the fortieth day from <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a> day, although some <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> provinces have moved the observance to the following Sunday to facilitate the obligation to attend Mass. <a href="/wiki/Saint_Jerome" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Jerome">Saint Jerome</a> held that it was of apostolic origin, but in fact the Ascension was originally part of <a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">Pentecost</a> (the coming of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a>), and developed as a separate celebration only slowly from the late 4th century onward. In the Catholic tradition it begins with a three-day "rogation" to ask for God's mercy, and the feast itself includes a procession of torches and banners symbolising Christ's journey to the <a href="/wiki/Mount_of_Olives" title="Mount of Olives">Mount of Olives</a> and entry into Heaven, the extinguishing of the <a href="/wiki/Paschal_candle" title="Paschal candle">Paschal candle</a>, and an all-night vigil; white is the liturgical colour. The feast was retained at the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a>. It continues to be observed in <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a>, and most <a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Reformed</a> churches. Most of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Christian">Eastern Christian</a> tradition (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox">Oriental Orthodox</a> and some<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (May 2024)">which?</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Catholic">Eastern Catholic</a> Churches, and the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East</a>), based on the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>, has a slightly different computation, up to a month later than in the Western tradition. Other denominations, such as the <a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a>, do not celebrate it as they do not adhere to the traditional Christian calendar of feasts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuast201145_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuast201145-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStokl-Ben-Ezra2007286_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStokl-Ben-Ezra2007286-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the Ascension hymns is <a href="/wiki/Christ_fuhr_gen_Himmel" title="Christ fuhr gen Himmel">Christ fuhr gen Himmel</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Christian_art">In Christian art</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In Christian art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus_in_Christian_art" title="Ascension of Jesus in Christian art">Ascension of Jesus in Christian art</a></div> <p>The Ascension of Jesus has been a frequent subject in <a href="/wiki/Christian_art" title="Christian art">Christian art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBecchioSchadé2006unpaginated_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBecchioSchadé2006unpaginated-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 6th century, the iconography of the Ascension had been established and by the 9th century, ascension scenes were being depicted on domes of churches.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaggley2000137-138_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaggley2000137-138-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJensen200851-53_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJensen200851-53-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Rabbula_Gospels" title="Rabbula Gospels">Rabbula Gospels</a> (c. 586) include some of the earliest images of the ascension.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJensen200851-53_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJensen200851-53-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many ascension scenes have two parts, an upper (Heavenly) part and a lower (earthly) part. The ascending Christ may be carrying a resurrection cross-banner or make a sign of benediction with his right hand.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEarls198726-27_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEarls198726-27-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The blessing gesture by Christ with his right hand is directed towards the earthly group below him and signifies that he is blessing the entire Church.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the left hand, he may be holding a Gospel or a scroll, signifying teaching and preaching.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a> portrayal of the ascension is a major metaphor for the mystical nature of the Church.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENes200587_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENes200587-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In many Eastern icons, the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mary">Virgin Mary</a> is placed at the center of the scene in the earthly part of the depiction, with her hands raised towards Heaven, often accompanied by various Apostles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENes200587_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENes200587-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The upwards-looking depiction of the earthly group matches the Eastern liturgy on the Feast of the Ascension: "Come, let us rise and turn our eyes and thoughts high ..."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Olivet_and_the_Chapel_of_the_Ascension">Olivet and the Chapel of the Ascension</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Olivet and the Chapel of the Ascension"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_the_Ascension_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapel of the Ascension (Jerusalem)">Chapel of the Ascension (Jerusalem)</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:174px;max-width:174px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:5035-20080122-jerusalem-mt-olives-ascension-edicule.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/5035-20080122-jerusalem-mt-olives-ascension-edicule.jpg/170px-5035-20080122-jerusalem-mt-olives-ascension-edicule.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/5035-20080122-jerusalem-mt-olives-ascension-edicule.jpg/255px-5035-20080122-jerusalem-mt-olives-ascension-edicule.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/5035-20080122-jerusalem-mt-olives-ascension-edicule.jpg/340px-5035-20080122-jerusalem-mt-olives-ascension-edicule.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1127" data-file-height="1524" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Ascension edicule</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_of_the_Ascension,_Jerusalem3001.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Church_of_the_Ascension%2C_Jerusalem3001.JPG/170px-Church_of_the_Ascension%2C_Jerusalem3001.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Church_of_the_Ascension%2C_Jerusalem3001.JPG/255px-Church_of_the_Ascension%2C_Jerusalem3001.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Church_of_the_Ascension%2C_Jerusalem3001.JPG/340px-Church_of_the_Ascension%2C_Jerusalem3001.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Close-up of the Rock of the Ascension inside the Ascension edicule</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The traditional site of the ascension is <a href="/wiki/Mount_Olivet" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Olivet">Mount Olivet</a> (the "Mount of Olives"), on which the village of Bethany sits. Before the conversion of <a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a> in 312 AD, early Christians honored the ascension of Christ in a cave on the Mount, and by 384 the ascension was <a href="/wiki/Venerated" class="mw-redirect" title="Venerated">venerated</a> on the present site, uphill from the cave.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurphy-O'Connor2008142_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphy-O'Connor2008142-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around the year 390 a wealthy <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> woman named Poimenia financed construction of the original <a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">church</a> called "<a href="/wiki/Eleona_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleona Basilica">Eleona Basilica</a>" (<i>elaion</i> in Greek means "olive garden", from <i>elaia</i> "olive tree", and has an oft-mentioned similarity to <i>eleos</i> meaning "mercy"). This church was destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Sassanid_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanid Empire">Sassanid Persians</a> in 614. It was subsequently rebuilt, destroyed, and rebuilt again by the <a href="/wiki/Crusaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusaders">Crusaders</a>. This final church was later destroyed by Muslims, leaving only a 12×12 meter octagonal structure (called a <i>martyrium</i>—"memorial"—or "<a href="/wiki/Edicule" class="mw-redirect" title="Edicule">edicule</a>") that remains to this day.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (October 2018)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The site was ultimately acquired by two emissaries of <a href="/wiki/Saladin" title="Saladin">Saladin</a> in the year 1198 and has remained in the possession of the Islamic <a href="/wiki/Waqf" title="Waqf">Waqf</a> of Jerusalem ever since. The <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a> also maintains a <a href="/wiki/Convent" title="Convent">convent</a> of the ascension on the top of the Mount of Olives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gallery">Gallery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RabulaGospelsFol13vAscension.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rabbula Gospels 6th century"><img alt="Rabbula Gospels 6th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/RabulaGospelsFol13vAscension.jpg/154px-RabulaGospelsFol13vAscension.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/RabulaGospelsFol13vAscension.jpg/231px-RabulaGospelsFol13vAscension.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/RabulaGospelsFol13vAscension.jpg/308px-RabulaGospelsFol13vAscension.jpg 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="793" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rabbula_Gospels" title="Rabbula Gospels">Rabbula Gospels</a><br />6th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Enluminure_Drogon_c.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Drogo Sacramentary c. 850"><img alt="Drogo Sacramentary c. 850" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Enluminure_Drogon_c.jpg/146px-Enluminure_Drogon_c.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Enluminure_Drogon_c.jpg/219px-Enluminure_Drogon_c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Enluminure_Drogon_c.jpg/293px-Enluminure_Drogon_c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="371" data-file-height="507" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Drogo_Sacramentary" title="Drogo Sacramentary">Drogo Sacramentary</a><br />c. 850</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ascension_from_Vasilyevskiy_chin_(15th_c.,_GTG).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Andrei Rublev 1408"><img alt="Andrei Rublev 1408" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ascension_from_Vasilyevskiy_chin_%2815th_c.%2C_GTG%29.jpg/140px-Ascension_from_Vasilyevskiy_chin_%2815th_c.%2C_GTG%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ascension_from_Vasilyevskiy_chin_%2815th_c.%2C_GTG%29.jpg/210px-Ascension_from_Vasilyevskiy_chin_%2815th_c.%2C_GTG%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ascension_from_Vasilyevskiy_chin_%2815th_c.%2C_GTG%29.jpg/280px-Ascension_from_Vasilyevskiy_chin_%2815th_c.%2C_GTG%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1998" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Rublev" title="Andrei Rublev">Andrei Rublev</a><br />1408</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pietro_Perugino_cat48c.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pietro Perugino 1496–1500"><img alt="Pietro Perugino 1496–1500" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Pietro_Perugino_cat48c.jpg/160px-Pietro_Perugino_cat48c.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Pietro_Perugino_cat48c.jpg/240px-Pietro_Perugino_cat48c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Pietro_Perugino_cat48c.jpg/320px-Pietro_Perugino_cat48c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2022" data-file-height="2500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Perugino" title="Pietro Perugino">Pietro Perugino</a><br />1496–1500</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dosso_Dossi_022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Ascension, Dosso Dossi, 16th century."><img alt="The Ascension, Dosso Dossi, 16th century." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Dosso_Dossi_022.jpg/147px-Dosso_Dossi_022.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Dosso_Dossi_022.jpg/221px-Dosso_Dossi_022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Dosso_Dossi_022.jpg/294px-Dosso_Dossi_022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="589" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Ascension</i>, <a href="/wiki/Dosso_Dossi" title="Dosso Dossi">Dosso Dossi</a>, 16th century.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benvenuto_Tisi_da_Garofalo_-_Ascension_of_Christ_-_WGA08474.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Garofalo 1520"><img alt="Garofalo 1520" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Benvenuto_Tisi_da_Garofalo_-_Ascension_of_Christ_-_WGA08474.jpg/133px-Benvenuto_Tisi_da_Garofalo_-_Ascension_of_Christ_-_WGA08474.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Benvenuto_Tisi_da_Garofalo_-_Ascension_of_Christ_-_WGA08474.jpg/200px-Benvenuto_Tisi_da_Garofalo_-_Ascension_of_Christ_-_WGA08474.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Benvenuto_Tisi_da_Garofalo_-_Ascension_of_Christ_-_WGA08474.jpg/266px-Benvenuto_Tisi_da_Garofalo_-_Ascension_of_Christ_-_WGA08474.jpg 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="1098" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Il_Garofalo" class="mw-redirect" title="Il Garofalo">Garofalo</a><br />1520</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bodleian_Library_MS._Arm._d.13._Armenian_Gospels-0023-0.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Armenian Gospel manuscript 1609"><img alt="Armenian Gospel manuscript 1609" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Bodleian_Library_MS._Arm._d.13._Armenian_Gospels-0023-0.jpg/135px-Bodleian_Library_MS._Arm._d.13._Armenian_Gospels-0023-0.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Bodleian_Library_MS._Arm._d.13._Armenian_Gospels-0023-0.jpg/203px-Bodleian_Library_MS._Arm._d.13._Armenian_Gospels-0023-0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Bodleian_Library_MS._Arm._d.13._Armenian_Gospels-0023-0.jpg/271px-Bodleian_Library_MS._Arm._d.13._Armenian_Gospels-0023-0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1041" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Armenian Gospel manuscript<br />1609</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rembrandt_van_Rijn_192.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rembrandt 1636"><img alt="Rembrandt 1636" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rembrandt_van_Rijn_192.jpg/145px-Rembrandt_van_Rijn_192.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rembrandt_van_Rijn_192.jpg/218px-Rembrandt_van_Rijn_192.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rembrandt_van_Rijn_192.jpg/291px-Rembrandt_van_Rijn_192.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3274" data-file-height="4500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a><br />1636</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Voznesenie_Sv._Petka_Malovi%C5%A1te.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Macedonian icon, Bitola, Macedonia 19th century"><img alt="Macedonian icon, Bitola, Macedonia 19th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Voznesenie_Sv._Petka_Malovi%C5%A1te.jpg/127px-Voznesenie_Sv._Petka_Malovi%C5%A1te.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Voznesenie_Sv._Petka_Malovi%C5%A1te.jpg/190px-Voznesenie_Sv._Petka_Malovi%C5%A1te.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Voznesenie_Sv._Petka_Malovi%C5%A1te.jpg 2x" data-file-width="211" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Macedonian icon, Bitola, Macedonia<br />19th century </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ND_Rosaire_mosa%C3%AFque_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rosary Basilica, Lourdes 19th century"><img alt="Rosary Basilica, Lourdes 19th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/ND_Rosaire_mosa%C3%AFque_03.jpg/157px-ND_Rosaire_mosa%C3%AFque_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="157" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/ND_Rosaire_mosa%C3%AFque_03.jpg/236px-ND_Rosaire_mosa%C3%AFque_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/ND_Rosaire_mosa%C3%AFque_03.jpg/315px-ND_Rosaire_mosa%C3%AFque_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1561" data-file-height="1984" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rosary_Basilica" title="Rosary Basilica">Rosary Basilica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lourdes" title="Lourdes">Lourdes</a><br />19th century</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/31px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/47px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/62px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Parish,_Louisiana" title="Ascension Parish, Louisiana">Ascension Parish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Jesus" title="Chronology of Jesus">Chronology of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Ascension_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Church of the Ascension (disambiguation)">Church of the Ascension (disambiguation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entering_Heaven_Alive" class="mw-redirect" title="Entering Heaven Alive">Entering Heaven Alive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Jesus_in_the_New_Testament" class="mw-redirect" title="Life of Jesus in the New Testament">Life of Jesus in the New Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapture" title="Rapture">Rapture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_of_Christ" title="Session of Christ">Session of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfiguration_of_Jesus" title="Transfiguration of Jesus">Transfiguration of Jesus</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In Luke, the ascension seems to be on the same day as the resurrection. In <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts</a>, Jesus' ascension is situated on the fortieth day counting from the resurrection in the presence of eleven of his <a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">apostles</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thereby putting a limit on the number of resurrection appearances,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009146_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009146-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and effectively excluding <a href="/wiki/Conversion_of_Paul_the_Apostle#Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Conversion of Paul the Apostle">Paul's conversion experience</a> from the <i>bona fide</i> resurrection appearances.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Farrow, this ambiguity of absence and presence poses central christological and theological questions concerning the identity of the church and its relation to past (death and resurrection) and future (second coming) events,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow20048-9_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow20048-9-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to the present world, in which it is situated, but from which it is also different, through "its mysterious union with one whose life, though lived <i>for</i> the world, involves a genuine break with it."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow200411_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow200411-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014135-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014135_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014135_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNovakovic2014">Novakovic 2014</a>, p. 135.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005508,_591-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005508,_591_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHurtado2005508,_591_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHurtado2005">Hurtado 2005</a>, p. 508, 591.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2005114_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrossLivingstone2005">Cross & Livingstone 2005</a>, p. 114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009146-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009146_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009146_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunn2009">Dunn 2009</a>, p. 146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZwiep2016145-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZwiep2016145_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZwiep2016145_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZwiep2016145_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZwiep2016">Zwiep 2016</a>, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-311-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-311_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-311_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHolwerda1979">Holwerda 1979</a>, p. 310-311.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHolwerda1979310_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHolwerda1979">Holwerda 1979</a>, p. 310.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunn2009">Dunn 2009</a>, p. 140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOuspenskyLossky1999197_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOuspenskyLossky1999">Ouspensky & Lossky 1999</a>, p. 197.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-COD2024-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-COD2024_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lutheranchurch.dk/liturgy-and-worship/festivals-and-traditions/ascension-day"><i>Ascension Day</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Denmark" title="Church of Denmark">Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Denmark</a>. 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ascension+Day&rft.pub=Evangelical-Lutheran+Church+in+Denmark&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lutheranchurch.dk%2Fliturgy-and-worship%2Ffestivals-and-traditions%2Fascension-day&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuast201145-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuast201145_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuast201145_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuast201145_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuast2011">Quast 2011</a>, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStokl-Ben-Ezra2007286-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStokl-Ben-Ezra2007286_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStokl-Ben-Ezra2007286_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStokl-Ben-Ezra2007">Stokl-Ben-Ezra 2007</a>, p. 286.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200421-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200421_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200421_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcDonald2004">McDonald 2004</a>, p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson2010319-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson2010319_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2010">Thompson 2010</a>, p. 319.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMüller2016113-114-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMüller2016113-114_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMüller2016">Müller 2016</a>, p. 113-114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeim200924-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeim200924_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeim2009">Seim 2009</a>, p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMüller2016113-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMüller2016113_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMüller2016">Müller 2016</a>, p. 113.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140,_146-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009140,_146_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunn2009">Dunn 2009</a>, pp. 140, 146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Misreading Scripture with Western Eyes: Removing Cultural Blinders to Better Understand the Bible</i> | E. Randolph Richards, Brandon J. O'Brien | pages 137-152 (2012) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8308-3782-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8308-3782-3">978-0-8308-3782-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Why Are There Differences in the Gospels: What We Can Learn from Ancient Biography</i> | pages 20, 34-36, 46 | <a href="/wiki/Mike_Licona" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Licona">Mike Licona</a> (2016) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-026426-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-026426-0">978-0-19-026426-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKöstenberger200485-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKöstenberger200485_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKöstenberger2004">Köstenberger 2004</a>, p. 85.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuast1991134-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuast1991134_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuast1991">Quast 1991</a>, p. 134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECresswell2013unpaginated-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECresswell2013unpaginated_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCresswell2013">Cresswell 2013</a>, unpaginated.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200422-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonald200422_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcDonald2004">McDonald 2004</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAune2003a65-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAune2003a65_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAune2003a65_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAune2003a">Aune 2003a</a>, p. 65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMunoa2000109-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMunoa2000109_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMunoa2000">Munoa 2000</a>, p. 109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZwiep201616-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZwiep201616_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZwiep2016">Zwiep 2016</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn198553-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn198553_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunn1985">Dunn 1985</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009149-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009149_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009149_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunn2009">Dunn 2009</a>, p. 149.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014152-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENovakovic2014152_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNovakovic2014">Novakovic 2014</a>, p. 152.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009218-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009218_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunn2009">Dunn 2009</a>, p. 218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnecht1910729-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnecht1910729_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKnecht1910">Knecht 1910</a>, p. 729.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunn2009148-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009148_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009148_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunn2009148_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunn2009">Dunn 2009</a>, p. 148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright200253-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright200253_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWright2002">Wright 2002</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENajman201493-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENajman201493_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNajman2014">Najman 2014</a>, p. 93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPennington200741-42-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPennington200741-42_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPennington2007">Pennington 2007</a>, p. 41-42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWright200254,56-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWright200254,56_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWright2002">Wright 2002</a>, p. 54,56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeim200923-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeim200923_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeim200923_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeim2009">Seim 2009</a>, p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow201116-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow201116_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow201116_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrow2011">Farrow 2011</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow20049-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow20049_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrow2004">Farrow 2004</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow201117-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow201117_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrow2011">Farrow 2011</a>, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow20043,_8-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrow20043,_8_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFarrow2004">Farrow 2004</a>, p. 3, 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrow20043-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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Hughes">Hughes, Aaron W.</a> (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZmGrAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA85">"The Quran: The Base Narrative"</a>. <i>Muslim Identities: An Introduction to Islam</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Press" title="Columbia University Press">Columbia University Press</a>. p. 85. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-53192-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-53192-4"><bdi>978-0-231-53192-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7312/hugh16146.8">10.7312/hugh16146.8</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:169663918">169663918</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+School+of+Oriental+and+African+Studies+%28University+of+London%29&rft.atitle=The+Muslim+Jesus%3A+Dead+or+Alive%3F&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=237-258&rft.date=2009-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A27268737%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40379003%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0041977X09000500&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=Gabriel+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww3.nd.edu%2F~reynolds%2Findex_files%2Fjesus%2520dead%2520or%2520alive.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lanier_2016-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lanier_2016_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLanier2016" class="citation journal cs1">Lanier, Gregory R. (May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journal.rts.edu/article/it-was-made-to-appear-like-that-to-them-islams-denial-of-jesus-crucifixion-in-the-quran-and-dogmatic-tradition/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'It Was Made to Appear Like that to Them:' Islam's Denial of Jesus' Crucifixion"</a>. <i>Reformed Faith & Practice: The Journal of Reformed Theological Seminary</i>. <b>1</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a>: <a href="/wiki/Reformed_Theological_Seminary" title="Reformed Theological Seminary">Reformed Theological Seminary</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journal.rts.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/1.1-Final.pdf">39-55</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190630042518/https://journal.rts.edu/article/it-was-made-to-appear-like-that-to-them-islams-denial-of-jesus-crucifixion-in-the-quran-and-dogmatic-tradition/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reformed+Faith+%26+Practice%3A+The+Journal+of+Reformed+Theological+Seminary&rft.atitle=%27It+Was+Made+to+Appear+Like+that+to+Them%3A%27+Islam%27s+Denial+of+Jesus%27+Crucifixion&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=39-55&rft.date=2016-05&rft.aulast=Lanier&rft.aufirst=Gregory+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournal.rts.edu%2Farticle%2Fit-was-made-to-appear-like-that-to-them-islams-denial-of-jesus-crucifixion-in-the-quran-and-dogmatic-tradition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBecchioSchadé2006unpaginated-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBecchioSchadé2006unpaginated_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBecchioSchadé2006">Becchio & Schadé 2006</a>, unpaginated.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaggley2000137-138-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaggley2000137-138_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBaggley2000">Baggley 2000</a>, p. 137-138.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJensen200851-53-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJensen200851-53_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJensen200851-53_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJensen2008">Jensen 2008</a>, p. 51-53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEarls198726-27-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEarls198726-27_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEarls1987">Earls 1987</a>, p. 26-27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENes200587-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENes200587_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENes200587_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNes2005">Nes 2005</a>, p. 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphy-O'Connor2008142-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurphy-O'Connor2008142_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMurphy-O'Connor2008">Murphy-O'Connor 2008</a>, p. 142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.constantcontact.com/fs015/1102441252649/archive/1105697406908.html">"The Christ Church Angelus"</a>. <i>archive.constantcontact.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.constantcontact.com&rft.atitle=The+Christ+Church+Angelus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.constantcontact.com%2Ffs015%2F1102441252649%2Farchive%2F1105697406908.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAune2003a" class="citation book cs1">Aune, David (2003a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nhhdJ-fkywYC&q=%22Ascent%22%22functioned+in+two+primary+ways%22&pg=PA65">"Ascent, heavenly"</a>. <i>The Westminster Dictionary of New Testament and Early Christian Literature and Rhetoric</i>. Westminster John Knox Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-664-21917-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-664-21917-8"><bdi>978-0-664-21917-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ascent%2C+heavenly&rft.btitle=The+Westminster+Dictionary+of+New+Testament+and+Early+Christian+Literature+and+Rhetoric&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-664-21917-8&rft.aulast=Aune&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnhhdJ-fkywYC%26q%3D%2522Ascent%2522%2522functioned%2Bin%2Btwo%2Bprimary%2Bways%2522%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaggley2000" class="citation book cs1">Baggley, John (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=agC0jwPtgC0C&q=Festival+Icons+for+the+Christian+Year"><i>Festival Icons for the Christian Year</i></a>. St Vladimir's Seminary Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88141-201-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88141-201-7"><bdi>978-0-88141-201-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Festival+Icons+for+the+Christian+Year&rft.pub=St+Vladimir%27s+Seminary+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-88141-201-7&rft.aulast=Baggley&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DagC0jwPtgC0C%26q%3DFestival%2BIcons%2Bfor%2Bthe%2BChristian%2BYear&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBecchioSchadé2006" class="citation book cs1">Becchio, Bruno; Schadé, Johannes P. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XRkfKdho-5cC&q=%22In+Christian+art+the+ascension%22&pg=PT81">"Ascension"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of World Religions</i>. Foreign Media Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60136-000-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60136-000-7"><bdi>978-1-60136-000-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ascension&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+World+Religions&rft.pub=Foreign+Media+Group&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-60136-000-7&rft.aulast=Becchio&rft.aufirst=Bruno&rft.au=Schad%C3%A9%2C+Johannes+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXRkfKdho-5cC%26q%3D%2522In%2BChristian%2Bart%2Bthe%2Bascension%2522%26pg%3DPT81&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCresswell2013" class="citation book cs1">Cresswell, Peter (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D47Pim5iozkC&q=%22consensus%22longer+ending+of+Mark+was+added+later%22&pg=PT192"><i>The Invention of Jesus: How the Church Rewrote the New Testament</i></a>. Duncan Baird Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78028-621-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78028-621-1"><bdi>978-1-78028-621-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Invention+of+Jesus%3A+How+the+Church+Rewrote+the+New+Testament&rft.pub=Duncan+Baird+Publishers&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-78028-621-1&rft.aulast=Cresswell&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD47Pim5iozkC%26q%3D%2522consensus%2522longer%2Bending%2Bof%2BMark%2Bwas%2Badded%2Blater%2522%26pg%3DPT192&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrossLivingstone2005" class="citation book cs1">Cross, F.L.; Livingstone, Elizabeth A. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fUqcAQAAQBAJ&q=%22The+statement+in+the+creeds%22&pg=PA114">"Ascension"</a>. <i>The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280290-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280290-3"><bdi>978-0-19-280290-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ascension&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+the+Christian+Church&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-19-280290-3&rft.aulast=Cross&rft.aufirst=F.L.&rft.au=Livingstone%2C+Elizabeth+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfUqcAQAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522The%2Bstatement%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bcreeds%2522%26pg%3DPA114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunn1985" class="citation book cs1">Dunn, James D.G. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hfAcOPGt69YC"><i>The Evidence for Jesus</i></a>. Westminster John Knox Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-664-24698-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-664-24698-3"><bdi>978-0-664-24698-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Evidence+for+Jesus&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-664-24698-3&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=James+D.G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhfAcOPGt69YC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunn2009" class="citation book cs1">Dunn, James D.G. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A_NgbeCRrIwC"><i>Christianity in the Making Volume 2: Beginning From Jerusalem</i></a>. Eerdmans. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-3932-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-3932-9"><bdi>978-0-8028-3932-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christianity+in+the+Making+Volume+2%3A+Beginning+From+Jerusalem&rft.pub=Eerdmans&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-3932-9&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=James+D.G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA_NgbeCRrIwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEarls1987" class="citation book cs1">Earls, Irene (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xAdrziNnqLIC&q=Renaissance+art:+a+topical+dictionary"><i>Renaissance Art: A Topical Dictionary</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-24658-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-24658-6"><bdi>978-0-313-24658-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Renaissance+Art%3A+A+Topical+Dictionary&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-313-24658-6&rft.aulast=Earls&rft.aufirst=Irene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxAdrziNnqLIC%26q%3DRenaissance%2Bart%3A%2Ba%2Btopical%2Bdictionary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrow2004" class="citation book cs1">Farrow, Douglas (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NgrUAwAAQBAJ&q=%22Today+it+is+something+of+an+embarrassment%22&pg=PA9"><i>Ascension And Ecclesia</i></a>. A&C Black. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-567-08325-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-567-08325-8"><bdi>978-0-567-08325-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ascension+And+Ecclesia&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-567-08325-8&rft.aulast=Farrow&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNgrUAwAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522Today%2Bit%2Bis%2Bsomething%2Bof%2Ban%2Bembarrassment%2522%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrow2011" class="citation cs2">Farrow, Douglas B. (2011), <i>Ascension Theology</i>, Bloomsbury Publishing</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ascension+Theology&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Farrow&rft.aufirst=Douglas+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolwerda1979" class="citation book cs1">Holwerda, D.E. (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wo8csizDv0gC&q=%22John+contains+three+specific+references+to+the+Ascension%22&pg=PA310">"Ascension"</a>. In Bromiley, Geoffrey (ed.). <i>The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia</i>. Eerdmans. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-3781-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-3781-3"><bdi>978-0-8028-3781-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ascension&rft.btitle=The+International+Standard+Bible+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Eerdmans&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-3781-3&rft.aulast=Holwerda&rft.aufirst=D.E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dwo8csizDv0gC%26q%3D%2522John%2Bcontains%2Bthree%2Bspecific%2Breferences%2Bto%2Bthe%2BAscension%2522%26pg%3DPA310&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHurtado2005" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Hurtado" title="Larry Hurtado">Hurtado, Larry</a> (2005), <i>Lord Jesus Christ. Devotion to Jesus in Earliest Christianity</i>, Eerdmans</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lord+Jesus+Christ.+Devotion+to+Jesus+in+Earliest+Christianity&rft.pub=Eerdmans&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Hurtado&rft.aufirst=Larry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJensen2008" class="citation book cs1">Jensen, Robin M. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g46euaF7HAsC&q=%22The+earliest+examples+of+explicitly+Christian+visual+art%22&pg=PA51">"Art in Early Christianity"</a>. In Benedetto, Robert; Duke, James O. (eds.). <i>The New Westminster Dictionary of Church History</i>. Westminster John Knox Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-664-22416-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-664-22416-5"><bdi>978-0-664-22416-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Art+in+Early+Christianity&rft.btitle=The+New+Westminster+Dictionary+of+Church+History&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-664-22416-5&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=Robin+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg46euaF7HAsC%26q%3D%2522The%2Bearliest%2Bexamples%2Bof%2Bexplicitly%2BChristian%2Bvisual%2Bart%2522%26pg%3DPA51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnecht1910" class="citation cs1"><a href="/wiki/Justus_Knecht" title="Justus Knecht">Knecht, Friedrich Justus</a> (1910). "Chapter ·LXXXIII. The Ascension of Jesus Christ". <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture/LXXXIII. The Ascension of Jesus Christ"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Practical_Commentary_on_Holy_Scripture/LXXXIII._The_Ascension_of_Jesus_Christ"><i>A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture</i> </a></span>. B. Herder – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+%C2%B7LXXXIII.+The+Ascension+of+Jesus+Christ&rft.btitle=A+Practical+Commentary+on+Holy+Scripture&rft.pub=B.+Herder&rft.date=1910&rft.aulast=Knecht&rft.aufirst=Friedrich+Justus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKöstenberger2004" class="citation book cs1">Köstenberger, Andreas J. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=b9SXH_KuTwIC&q=Andreas+Kostenberger+John"><i>John</i></a>. Baker Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8010-2644-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8010-2644-7"><bdi>978-0-8010-2644-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John&rft.pub=Baker+Academic&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-8010-2644-7&rft.aulast=K%C3%B6stenberger&rft.aufirst=Andreas+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Db9SXH_KuTwIC%26q%3DAndreas%2BKostenberger%2BJohn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawson2009" class="citation book cs1">Lawson, Todd (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C1cQBwAAQBAJ"><i>The Crucifixion and the Quran: A Study in the History of Muslim Thought</i></a>. Oneworld Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85168-635-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85168-635-3"><bdi>978-1-85168-635-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Crucifixion+and+the+Quran%3A+A+Study+in+the+History+of+Muslim+Thought&rft.pub=Oneworld+Publications&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-85168-635-3&rft.aulast=Lawson&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DC1cQBwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonald2004" class="citation book cs1">McDonald, Lee Martin (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oP3k4TNiDWMC&q=%22Ascension+stories+were+fairly+common%22&pg=PA22">"Acts"</a>. In Combes, Isobel A. H.; Gurtner, Daniel M. (eds.). <i>Bible Knowledge Background Commentary</i>. David C Cook. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7814-4006-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7814-4006-6"><bdi>978-0-7814-4006-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Acts&rft.btitle=Bible+Knowledge+Background+Commentary&rft.pub=David+C+Cook&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7814-4006-6&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Lee+Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoP3k4TNiDWMC%26q%3D%2522Ascension%2Bstories%2Bwere%2Bfairly%2Bcommon%2522%26pg%3DPA22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMüller2016" class="citation book cs1">Müller, Mogens (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DHWcDAAAQBAJ&q=%22forty-day+period%22%22before+the+ascension%22&pg=PA113">"Acts as biblical rewriting of the gospels and Paul's letters"</a>. In Müller, Mogens; Nielsen, Jesper Tang (eds.). <i>Luke's Literary Creativity</i>. Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-567-66583-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-567-66583-6"><bdi>978-0-567-66583-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Acts+as+biblical+rewriting+of+the+gospels+and+Paul%27s+letters&rft.btitle=Luke%27s+Literary+Creativity&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-567-66583-6&rft.aulast=M%C3%BCller&rft.aufirst=Mogens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDHWcDAAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522forty-day%2Bperiod%2522%2522before%2Bthe%2Bascension%2522%26pg%3DPA113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMunoa2000" class="citation book cs1">Munoa, Phillip (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qRtUqxkB7wkC&q=%22figures+who+went+up+to+heaven%22&pg=PA109">"Ascension"</a>. In Freedman, David Noel; Myers, Allen C. (eds.). <i>Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible</i>. Eerdmans. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5356-503-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5356-503-2"><bdi>978-90-5356-503-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ascension&rft.btitle=Eerdmans+Dictionary+of+the+Bible&rft.pub=Eerdmans&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-90-5356-503-2&rft.aulast=Munoa&rft.aufirst=Phillip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqRtUqxkB7wkC%26q%3D%2522figures%2Bwho%2Bwent%2Bup%2Bto%2Bheaven%2522%26pg%3DPA109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy-O'Connor2008" class="citation book cs1">Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m3Yy9FDcT8gC"><i>The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700</i></a>. OUP Oxford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-164766-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-164766-6"><bdi>978-0-19-164766-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Holy+Land%3A+An+Oxford+Archaeological+Guide+from+Earliest+Times+to+1700&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-19-164766-6&rft.aulast=Murphy-O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm3Yy9FDcT8gC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNajman2014" class="citation book cs1">Najman, Hindy (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-cAdAwAAQBAJ&q=%22Israel+sits+in+the+center+of+the+world%22&pg=PA93"><i>Losing the Temple and Recovering the Future: An Analysis of 4 Ezra</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-91584-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-91584-7"><bdi>978-1-139-91584-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Losing+the+Temple+and+Recovering+the+Future%3A+An+Analysis+of+4+Ezra&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-139-91584-7&rft.aulast=Najman&rft.aufirst=Hindy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-cAdAwAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522Israel%2Bsits%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bcenter%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bworld%2522%26pg%3DPA93&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNes2005" class="citation book cs1">Nes, Solrunn (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gy5sX4j4de4C&q=Solrunn+Nes+mystical+language+of+icons"><i>The Mystical Language of Icons</i></a>. Eerdmans. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-2916-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-2916-0"><bdi>978-0-8028-2916-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mystical+Language+of+Icons&rft.pub=Eerdmans&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-2916-0&rft.aulast=Nes&rft.aufirst=Solrunn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dgy5sX4j4de4C%26q%3DSolrunn%2BNes%2Bmystical%2Blanguage%2Bof%2Bicons&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNovakovic2014" class="citation cs2">Novakovic, Lidija (2014), <i>Raised from the Dead According to Scripture: The Role of the Old Testament in the Early Christian Interpretations of Jesus' Resurrection</i>, A&C Black</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Raised+from+the+Dead+According+to+Scripture%3A+The+Role+of+the+Old+Testament+in+the+Early+Christian+Interpretations+of+Jesus%27+Resurrection&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Novakovic&rft.aufirst=Lidija&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOuspenskyLossky1999" class="citation book cs1">Ouspensky, Léonide; Lossky, Vladimir (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iqncPadAx40C&q=ascension"><i>The Meaning of Icons</i></a>. St Vladimir's Seminary Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-913836-77-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-913836-77-4"><bdi>978-0-913836-77-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Meaning+of+Icons&rft.pub=St+Vladimir%27s+Seminary+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-913836-77-4&rft.aulast=Ouspensky&rft.aufirst=L%C3%A9onide&rft.au=Lossky%2C+Vladimir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiqncPadAx40C%26q%3Dascension&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPennington2007" class="citation book cs1">Pennington, Jonathan T. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EGTaBJDQoD0C&q=ancient+Israelite+ideas+about+the+heavenly+realms&pg=PA42"><i>Heaven and earth in the Gospel of Matthew</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16205-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-16205-1"><bdi>978-90-04-16205-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heaven+and+earth+in+the+Gospel+of+Matthew&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-90-04-16205-1&rft.aulast=Pennington&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEGTaBJDQoD0C%26q%3Dancient%2BIsraelite%2Bideas%2Babout%2Bthe%2Bheavenly%2Brealms%26pg%3DPA42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuast1991" class="citation book cs1">Quast, Kevin (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uhjJ8DNhQFAC&q=Johns+enigmatic+words+raise+several+questions&pg=PA134"><i>Reading the Gospel of John</i></a>. Paulist Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8091-3297-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8091-3297-3"><bdi>978-0-8091-3297-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reading+the+Gospel+of+John&rft.pub=Paulist+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-8091-3297-3&rft.aulast=Quast&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuhjJ8DNhQFAC%26q%3DJohns%2Benigmatic%2Bwords%2Braise%2Bseveral%2Bquestions%26pg%3DPA134&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuast2011" class="citation book cs1">Quast, Kevin (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KDU30Ae4S4cC&q=%22sixth+thursday+after+easter+sunday%22&pg=PA527">"Ascension Day"</a>. In Melton, J. Gordon (ed.). <i>Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations</i>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-205-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-205-0"><bdi>978-1-59884-205-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ascension+Day&rft.btitle=Religious+Celebrations%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+Holidays%2C+Festivals%2C+Solemn+Observances%2C+and+Spiritual+Commemorations&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-205-0&rft.aulast=Quast&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKDU30Ae4S4cC%26q%3D%2522sixth%2Bthursday%2Bafter%2Beaster%2Bsunday%2522%26pg%3DPA527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeim2009" class="citation book cs1">Seim, Turid Karlsen (2009). "The Resurrected Body in Luke-Acts: The Significance of Space". In Seim, Turid Karlsen; Økland, Jorunn (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GCRjbbjW39EC"><i>Metamorphoses: Resurrection, Body and Transformative Practices in Early Christianity</i></a>. Walter de Gruyter. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-020299-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-020299-1"><bdi>978-3-11-020299-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Resurrected+Body+in+Luke-Acts%3A+The+Significance+of+Space&rft.btitle=Metamorphoses%3A+Resurrection%2C+Body+and+Transformative+Practices+in+Early+Christianity&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-3-11-020299-1&rft.aulast=Seim&rft.aufirst=Turid+Karlsen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGCRjbbjW39EC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStokl-Ben-Ezra2007" class="citation book cs1">Stokl-Ben-Ezra, Daniel (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UfivCQAAQBAJ&q=%22ascension+developed+only+slowly+from+the+late+fourth%22&pg=PA286">"Parody and Polemics on Pentecost"</a>. In Gerhards, Albert; Leonhard, Clemens (eds.). <i>Jewish and Christian Liturgy and Worship</i>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-474-2241-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-474-2241-9"><bdi>978-90-474-2241-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Parody+and+Polemics+on+Pentecost&rft.btitle=Jewish+and+Christian+Liturgy+and+Worship&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-90-474-2241-9&rft.aulast=Stokl-Ben-Ezra&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUfivCQAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522ascension%2Bdeveloped%2Bonly%2Bslowly%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2Blate%2Bfourth%2522%26pg%3DPA286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThompson2010" class="citation book cs1">Thompson, Richard P. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ygcgn8h-jo4C&q=%22Chapter+19+Luke-Acts%22&pg=PA318">"Luke-Acts: The Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles"</a>. In Aune, David E. (ed.). <i>The Blackwell Companion to The New Testament</i>. Wiley–Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4443-1894-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4443-1894-4"><bdi>978-1-4443-1894-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Luke-Acts%3A+The+Gospel+of+Luke+and+the+Acts+of+the+Apostles&rft.btitle=The+Blackwell+Companion+to+The+New+Testament&rft.pub=Wiley%E2%80%93Blackwell&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4443-1894-4&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Richard+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dygcgn8h-jo4C%26q%3D%2522Chapter%2B19%2BLuke-Acts%2522%26pg%3DPA318&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright2002" class="citation book cs1">Wright, J. Edward (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lKvMeMorNBEC&q=%22The+ancient+Israelites+imagined+the+universe+as+a+tripartite+structure%22&pg=PA53"><i>The Early History of Heaven</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-802981-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-802981-6"><bdi>978-0-19-802981-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Early+History+of+Heaven&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-19-802981-6&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=J.+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlKvMeMorNBEC%26q%3D%2522The%2Bancient%2BIsraelites%2Bimagined%2Bthe%2Buniverse%2Bas%2Ba%2Btripartite%2Bstructure%2522%26pg%3DPA53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZwiep2016" class="citation book cs1">Zwiep, Arie W. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=u1N4DQAAQBAJ&q=%22recent+biblical+scholarship+on+the+Lukan+ascension+narratives%22&pg=PA7">"Ascension scholarship past present and future"</a>. In Pao, David W.; Bryan, David K. (eds.). <i>Ascent into Heaven in Luke-Acts: New Explorations of Luke's Narrative Hinge</i>. Fortress Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5064-1896-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5064-1896-4"><bdi>978-1-5064-1896-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ascension+scholarship+past+present+and+future&rft.btitle=Ascent+into+Heaven+in+Luke-Acts%3A+New+Explorations+of+Luke%27s+Narrative+Hinge&rft.pub=Fortress+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-5064-1896-4&rft.aulast=Zwiep&rft.aufirst=Arie+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Du1N4DQAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522recent%2Bbiblical%2Bscholarship%2Bon%2Bthe%2BLukan%2Bascension%2Bnarratives%2522%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ascension_of_Jesus&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Aune, David (2003b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nhhdJ-fkywYC&q=%22knowledge+of+ancient+cosmologies%22%22interpreting+early+Christian+literature%22&pg=PA118">"Cosmology"</a>. <i>The Westminster Dictionary of New Testament and Early Christian Literature and Rhetoric</i>. Westminster John Knox Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-664-21917-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-664-21917-8"><bdi>978-0-664-21917-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cosmology&rft.btitle=The+Westminster+Dictionary+of+New+Testament+and+Early+Christian+Literature+and+Rhetoric&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-664-21917-8&rft.aulast=Aune&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnhhdJ-fkywYC%26q%3D%2522knowledge%2Bof%2Bancient%2Bcosmologies%2522%2522interpreting%2Bearly%2BChristian%2Bliterature%2522%26pg%3DPA118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Burkett, Delbert (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EcsQknxV-xQC&q=%2213+The+Gospel+of+Luke%22&pg=PA195"><i>An introduction to the New Testament and the origins of Christianity</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-00720-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-00720-7"><bdi>978-0-521-00720-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+introduction+to+the+New+Testament+and+the+origins+of+Christianity&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-521-00720-7&rft.aulast=Burkett&rft.aufirst=Delbert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEcsQknxV-xQC%26q%3D%252213%2BThe%2BGospel%2Bof%2BLuke%2522%26pg%3DPA195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Charlesworth, James H. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YTIGy5t45WgC&q=%22The+composition+of+Luke-Acts%22%2C%22usually+dated+around+80-90%22%2C%22perhaps+between+90+and+110%22&pg=PT64"><i>The Historical Jesus: An Essential Guide</i></a>. Abingdon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4267-2475-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4267-2475-6"><bdi>978-1-4267-2475-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Historical+Jesus%3A+An+Essential+Guide&rft.pub=Abingdon+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4267-2475-6&rft.aulast=Charlesworth&rft.aufirst=James+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYTIGy5t45WgC%26q%3D%2522The%2Bcomposition%2Bof%2BLuke-Acts%2522%252C%2522usually%2Bdated%2Baround%2B80-90%2522%252C%2522perhaps%2Bbetween%2B90%2Band%2B110%2522%26pg%3DPT64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Collins, Adela Yarbro (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eZv1JZAHdg0C&q=cosmology+hebrew+bible&pg=PA26"><i>Cosmology and Eschatology in Jewish and Christian Apocalypticism</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-11927-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-11927-7"><bdi>978-90-04-11927-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cosmology+and+Eschatology+in+Jewish+and+Christian+Apocalypticism&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-90-04-11927-7&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Adela+Yarbro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeZv1JZAHdg0C%26q%3Dcosmology%2Bhebrew%2Bbible%26pg%3DPA26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Davies, J. G. (1958). <i>He Ascended into Heaven</i>, London: Lutterworth Press.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Dawson, Gerrit (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=krneBAAAQBAJ&q=Jesus+Ascended%3A+The+Meaning+of+Christ%27s+Continuing+Incarnation&pg=PA106"><i>Jesus Ascended: The Meaning of Christ's Continuing Incarnation</i></a>. Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-567-11987-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-567-11987-2"><bdi>978-0-567-11987-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jesus+Ascended%3A+The+Meaning+of+Christ%27s+Continuing+Incarnation&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-567-11987-2&rft.aulast=Dawson&rft.aufirst=Gerrit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkrneBAAAQBAJ%26q%3DJesus%2BAscended%253A%2BThe%2BMeaning%2Bof%2BChrist%2527s%2BContinuing%2BIncarnation%26pg%3DPA106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeharbe1912" class="citation book cs1">Deharbe, Joseph (1912). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:A Complete Catechism of the Catholic Religion/Sixth Article"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Complete_Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Religion/Sixth_Article">"The Sixth Article: 'He ascended into Heaven, sitteth at the right hand of God the Father Almighty.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>" </a></span>. <i>A Complete Catechism of the Catholic Religion</i>. Translated by Rev. John Fander. Schwartz, Kirwin & Fauss.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Sixth+Article%3A+%27He+ascended+into+Heaven%2C+sitteth+at+the+right+hand+of+God+the+Father+Almighty.%27&rft.btitle=A+Complete+Catechism+of+the+Catholic+Religion&rft.pub=Schwartz%2C+Kirwin+%26+Fauss&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Deharbe&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Farrow, Douglas (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2J9GBAAAQBAJ&q=%22an+absurdly+literal+interpretation+of+the+ascension%22&pg=PA16"><i>Ascension Theology</i></a>. Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-567-65188-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-567-65188-4"><bdi>978-0-567-65188-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ascension+Theology&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-567-65188-4&rft.aulast=Farrow&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2J9GBAAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522an%2Babsurdly%2Bliteral%2Binterpretation%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bascension%2522%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Hurtado, Larry W. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k32wZRMxltUC&q=%22ascension+into+heaven%22%22Enoch%2C+Elijah+and+Moses%22&pg=PA345"><i>Lord Jesus Christ: Devotion to Jesus in Earliest Christianity</i></a>. Eerdmans. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-3167-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-3167-5"><bdi>978-0-8028-3167-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lord+Jesus+Christ%3A+Devotion+to+Jesus+in+Earliest+Christianity&rft.pub=Eerdmans&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-3167-5&rft.aulast=Hurtado&rft.aufirst=Larry+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dk32wZRMxltUC%26q%3D%2522ascension%2Binto%2Bheaven%2522%2522Enoch%252C%2BElijah%2Band%2BMoses%2522%26pg%3DPA345&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Knight, Douglas A.; Levine, Amy-Jill (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ox31oGXZzZQC&q=meaning+bene+elohim&pg=PT64"><i>The Meaning of the Bible: What the Jewish Scriptures and Christian Old Testament Can Teach Us</i></a>. HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-209859-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-209859-7"><bdi>978-0-06-209859-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Meaning+of+the+Bible%3A+What+the+Jewish+Scriptures+and+Christian+Old+Testament+Can+Teach+Us&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-06-209859-7&rft.aulast=Knight&rft.aufirst=Douglas+A.&rft.au=Levine%2C+Amy-Jill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dox31oGXZzZQC%26q%3Dmeaning%2Bbene%2Belohim%26pg%3DPT64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Lee, Sang Meyng (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=64p8Dmw8f-cC&q=New+Testament+cosmology&pg=PA65"><i>The Cosmic Drama of Salvation</i></a>. Mohr Siebeck. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-16-150316-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-16-150316-0"><bdi>978-3-16-150316-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cosmic+Drama+of+Salvation&rft.pub=Mohr+Siebeck&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-3-16-150316-0&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sang+Meyng&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D64p8Dmw8f-cC%26q%3DNew%2BTestament%2Bcosmology%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Lincoln, Andrew (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1LagRe8vKHQC&q=%22stated+in+its+classic+form+by+Bultmann%22%22The+New+Testament+and+Mythology%22&pg=PA4"><i>Paradise Now and Not Yet</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-60939-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-60939-5"><bdi>978-0-521-60939-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paradise+Now+and+Not+Yet&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-521-60939-5&rft.aulast=Lincoln&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1LagRe8vKHQC%26q%3D%2522stated%2Bin%2Bits%2Bclassic%2Bform%2Bby%2BBultmann%2522%2522The%2BNew%2BTestament%2Band%2BMythology%2522%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Packer, J. I. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iaNuAHjIQxIC&q=%22an+emblem+in+space+and+time%22&pg=PT70"><i>Affirming the Apostles' Creed</i></a>. Crossway. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4335-2201-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4335-2201-7"><bdi>978-1-4335-2201-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Affirming+the+Apostles%27+Creed&rft.pub=Crossway&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4335-2201-7&rft.aulast=Packer&rft.aufirst=J.+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiaNuAHjIQxIC%26q%3D%2522an%2Bemblem%2Bin%2Bspace%2Band%2Btime%2522%26pg%3DPT70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Park, Eung Chun (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TBmEyFqjX8EC&q=%22it+is+extremely+difficult+to+know+how+early+Christianity+started%22&pg=PA21"><i>Either Jew or Gentile: Paul's Unfolding Theology of Inclusivity</i></a>. Westminster John Knox Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-664-22453-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-664-22453-0"><bdi>978-0-664-22453-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Either+Jew+or+Gentile%3A+Paul%27s+Unfolding+Theology+of+Inclusivity&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-664-22453-0&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Eung+Chun&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTBmEyFqjX8EC%26q%3D%2522it%2Bis%2Bextremely%2Bdifficult%2Bto%2Bknow%2Bhow%2Bearly%2BChristianity%2Bstarted%2522%26pg%3DPA21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Vermes, Geza (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LRtcWtZzYGIC&q=%22the+idea+of+the++descent+and+ascent+of+the+son+of+man%22&pg=PP55"><i>The Changing Faces of Jesus</i></a>. Penguin UK. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-191258-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-191258-5"><bdi>978-0-14-191258-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Changing+Faces+of+Jesus&rft.pub=Penguin+UK&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-14-191258-5&rft.aulast=Vermes&rft.aufirst=Geza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLRtcWtZzYGIC%26q%3D%2522the%2Bidea%2Bof%2Bthe%2B%2Bdescent%2Band%2Bascent%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bson%2Bof%2Bman%2522%26pg%3DPP55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWynne1907" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Wynne, John Joseph (1907). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Ascension"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Ascension">"Ascension" </a></span>. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ascension&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1907&rft.aulast=Wynne&rft.aufirst=John+Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Zwiep, Arie W. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QIW7JywiBhIC&q=%22The+Ascension+of+the+Messiah+in+Lukan+Christology%22&pg=PA182"><i>The Ascension of the Messiah in Lukan Christology</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-10897-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-10897-4"><bdi>978-90-04-10897-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ascension+of+the+Messiah+in+Lukan+Christology&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-90-04-10897-4&rft.aulast=Zwiep&rft.aufirst=Arie+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQIW7JywiBhIC%26q%3D%2522The%2BAscension%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMessiah%2Bin%2BLukan%2BChristology%2522%26pg%3DPA182&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAscension+of+Jesus" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Jesus" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Jesus_footer" title="Template:Jesus footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Jesus_footer" title="Template talk:Jesus footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Jesus_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Jesus footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Jesus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Jesus" title="Outline of Jesus">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jesus-related_topics" title="List of Jesus-related topics">List of topics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chronology_of_Jesus" title="Chronology of Jesus">Chronology</a><br />of <a href="/wiki/Life_of_Jesus" title="Life of Jesus">Jesus's life</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesus" title="Virgin birth of Jesus">Virgin birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Date_of_the_birth_of_Jesus" title="Date of the birth of Jesus">Date of birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_into_Egypt" title="Flight into Egypt">Flight into Egypt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infancy_gospels" title="Infancy gospels">Infancy</a> (apocryphal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unknown_years_of_Jesus" title="Unknown years of Jesus">Unknown years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temptation_of_Christ" title="Temptation of Christ">Temptation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commissioning_of_the_Twelve_Apostles" title="Commissioning of the Twelve Apostles">Selecting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disciple_(Christianity)" title="Disciple (Christianity)">Disciples</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Plain" title="Sermon on the Plain">Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beatitudes" title="Beatitudes">Beatitudes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayers_of_Jesus" title="Prayers of Jesus">Prayers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Lord's Prayer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parables_of_Jesus" title="Parables of Jesus">Parables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">Miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfiguration_of_Jesus" title="Transfiguration of Jesus">Transfiguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_of_Jesus" title="Homelessness of Jesus">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commandment" title="Great Commandment">Great Commandment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivet_Discourse" title="Olivet Discourse">Olivet Discourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_Jesus" title="Anointing of Jesus">Anointing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triumphal_entry_into_Jerusalem" title="Triumphal entry into Jerusalem">Entry into Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Farewell_Discourse" title="Farewell Discourse">Farewell Discourse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agony_in_the_Garden" title="Agony in the Garden">Agony in the Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_Judas" title="Kiss of Judas">Betrayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrest_of_Jesus" title="Arrest of Jesus">Arrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin_trial_of_Jesus" title="Sanhedrin trial of Jesus">Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sayings_of_Jesus_on_the_cross" title="Sayings of Jesus on the cross">Sayings on the cross</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burial_of_Jesus" title="Burial of Jesus">Burial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Jesus" title="Tomb of Jesus">Tomb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ascension</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Discourses_of_Matthew" title="Five Discourses of Matthew">Five Discourses of Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_harmony" title="Gospel harmony">Gospel harmony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_gospel_traditions" title="Oral gospel traditions">Oral gospel traditions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_background_of_the_New_Testament" title="Historical background of the New Testament">Historical background of the New Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament_places_associated_with_Jesus" title="New Testament places associated with Jesus">New Testament places associated with Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_and_titles_of_Jesus_in_the_New_Testament" title="Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament">Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Historicity_of_Jesus" title="Historicity of Jesus">Historicity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Jesus" title="Historical Jesus">Historical Jesus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quest_for_the_historical_Jesus" title="Quest for the historical Jesus">Quest for the historical Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sources_for_the_historicity_of_Jesus" title="Sources for the historicity of Jesus">Sources</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josephus_on_Jesus" title="Josephus on Jesus">Josephus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacitus_on_Jesus" title="Tacitus on Jesus">Tacitus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mara_bar_Serapion_on_Jesus" title="Mara bar Serapion on Jesus">Mara bar Serapion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_reliability_of_the_Gospels" title="Historical reliability of the Gospels">Gospels</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_myth_theory" title="Christ myth theory">Christ myth theory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Depiction_of_Jesus" title="Depiction of Jesus">Depictions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_about_Jesus" title="List of books about Jesus">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Child" title="Christ Child">Christ Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Christ_in_art" title="Life of Christ in art">Life of Christ in art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Christ_Museum" title="Life of Christ Museum">Life of Christ Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_statues_of_Jesus" title="List of statues of Jesus">Statues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfiguration_of_Jesus_in_Christian_art" title="Transfiguration of Jesus in Christian art">Transfiguration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_1st_century" title="Christianity in the 1st century">1st century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Incarnation_(Christianity)" title="Incarnation (Christianity)">Incarnation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology#Person_of_Christ" title="Christology">Person of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-existence_of_Christ" title="Pre-existence of Christ">Pre-existence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relics_associated_with_Jesus" title="Relics associated with Jesus">Relics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Coming" title="Second Coming">Second Coming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Session_of_Christ" title="Session of Christ">Session of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_God_(Christianity)" title="Son of God (Christianity)">Son of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Christ" title="Cosmic Christ">Cosmic Christ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_perspectives_on_Jesus" title="Religious perspectives on Jesus">In other faiths</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesuism" title="Jesuism">Jesuism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_comparative_mythology" title="Jesus in comparative mythology">In comparative mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_views_on_Jesus" title="Jewish views on Jesus">Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_the_Talmud" title="Jesus in the Talmud">In the Talmud</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Ahmadiyya_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus in Ahmadiyya Islam">Ahmadiyya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_perspectives_on_Jesus#Baháʼí_Faith" title="Religious perspectives on Jesus">Baháʼí Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Manichaeism" title="Jesus in Manichaeism">Manichaeism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Manichaeism" title="Jesus in Manichaeism">Jesus the Splendour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Mandaeism" title="Jesus in Mandaeism">Mandaeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Jesus" title="Master Jesus">Master Jesus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genealogy_of_Jesus" title="Genealogy of Jesus">Genealogies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a> (legal father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Family" title="Holy Family">Holy Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberius_Julius_Abdes_Pantera" title="Tiberius Julius Abdes Pantera">Panthera</a> (alleged father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brothers_of_Jesus" title="Brothers of Jesus">Brothers of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Kinship" title="Holy Kinship">Holy Kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Anne" title="Saint Anne">Anne</a> (traditional maternal grandmother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim" title="Joachim">Joachim</a> (traditional maternal grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heli_(biblical_figure)" title="Heli (biblical figure)">Heli</a> (paternal grandfather per Luke)</li> <li>Jacob (paternal grandfather per Matthew)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_bloodline" title="Jesus bloodline">Descendants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clopas" title="Clopas">Clopas</a> (traditional uncle)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Language_of_Jesus" title="Language of Jesus">Language of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus%27s_interactions_with_women" title="Jesus's interactions with women">Interactions with women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Magdalene" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Mary, sister of Martha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Easter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rejection_of_Jesus" title="Rejection of Jesus">Rejection of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Jesus" title="Criticism of Jesus">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mental_health_of_Jesus" title="Mental health of Jesus">Mental health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_appearance_of_Jesus" title="Race and appearance of Jesus">Race and appearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_and_marital_status_of_Jesus" title="Sexuality and marital status of Jesus">Sexuality and marital status</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Jesus" title="Category:Jesus">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Miracles_of_Jesus" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Template:Miracles of Jesus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Template talk:Miracles of Jesus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Miracles of Jesus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Miracles_of_Jesus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">Miracles of Jesus</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Control of nature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_at_Cana" title="Wedding at Cana">Wedding at Cana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miraculous_catch_of_fish" title="Miraculous catch of fish">Miraculous catch of fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coin_in_the_fish%27s_mouth" title="Coin in the fish's mouth">Coin in the fish's mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeding_the_multitude" title="Feeding the multitude">Feeding the multitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursing_the_fig_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Cursing the fig tree">Cursing the fig tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calming_the_storm" title="Calming the storm">Calming the storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_walking_on_water" title="Jesus walking on water">Jesus walking on water</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg/100px-Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg/150px-Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg/200px-Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="1945" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_healing_the_bleeding_woman" title="Jesus healing the bleeding woman">Jesus healing the bleeding woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_man_of_Bethsaida" title="Blind man of Bethsaida">Blind man of Bethsaida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_blind_near_Jericho" title="Healing the blind near Jericho">Healing the blind near Jericho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_two_blind_men_in_Galilee" title="Healing the two blind men in Galilee">Healing the two blind men in Galilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_centurion%27s_servant" title="Healing the centurion's servant">Healing the centurion's servant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_cleansing_a_leper" title="Jesus cleansing a leper">Jesus cleansing a leper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleansing_ten_lepers" title="Cleansing ten lepers">Cleansing ten lepers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_deaf_mute_of_Decapolis" title="Healing the deaf mute of Decapolis">Healing the deaf mute of Decapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_a_man_with_dropsy" title="Healing a man with dropsy">Healing a man with dropsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_healing_in_the_land_of_Gennesaret" title="Jesus healing in the land of Gennesaret">Jesus healing in the land of Gennesaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_healing_an_infirm_woman" title="Jesus healing an infirm woman">Jesus healing an infirm woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_man_blind_from_birth" title="Healing the man blind from birth">Healing the man blind from birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_mother_of_Peter%27s_wife" title="Healing the mother of Peter's wife">Healing the mother of Peter's wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_paralytic_at_Bethesda" title="Healing the paralytic at Bethesda">Healing the paralytic at Bethesda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_paralytic_at_Capernaum" title="Healing the paralytic at Capernaum">Healing the paralytic at Capernaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_royal_official%27s_son" title="Healing the royal official's son">Healing the royal official's son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_ear_of_a_servant" title="Healing the ear of a servant">Healing the ear of a servant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_man_with_a_withered_hand" title="Healing the man with a withered hand">Healing the man with a withered hand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exorcisms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_the_synagogue_of_Capernaum" title="Jesus in the synagogue of Capernaum">Jesus in the synagogue of Capernaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_exorcising_at_sunset" title="Jesus exorcising at sunset">Jesus exorcising at sunset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_of_the_Gerasene_demoniac" title="Exorcism of the Gerasene demoniac">Exorcism of the Gerasene demoniac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_exorcising_a_mute" title="Jesus exorcising a mute">Jesus exorcising a mute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcising_the_blind_and_mute_man" title="Exorcising the blind and mute man">Exorcising the blind and mute man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_of_the_Syrophoenician_woman%27s_daughter" title="Exorcism of the Syrophoenician woman's daughter">Exorcism of the Syrophoenician woman's daughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcising_a_boy_possessed_by_a_demon" title="Exorcising a boy possessed by a demon">Exorcising a boy possessed by a demon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Raising the dead</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raising_of_the_son_of_the_widow_of_Nain" title="Raising of the son of the widow of Nain">Raising of the son of the widow of Nain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raising_of_Jairus%27_daughter" title="Raising of Jairus' daughter">Raising of Jairus' daughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_of_Bethany" title="Lazarus of Bethany">Lazarus of Bethany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transfiguration_of_Jesus" title="Transfiguration of Jesus">Transfiguration of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection of Jesus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ascension of Jesus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle">Miracle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity Portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gospel_of_Luke" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gospel_of_Luke" title="Template:Gospel of Luke"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gospel_of_Luke" title="Template talk:Gospel of Luke"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gospel_of_Luke" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gospel of Luke"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gospel_of_Luke" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Gospel of Luke</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Gospel_of_Luke_chapters" title="Category:Gospel of Luke chapters">Chapters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luke_1" title="Luke 1">Luke 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_2" title="Luke 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_3" title="Luke 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_4" title="Luke 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_5" title="Luke 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_6" title="Luke 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_7" title="Luke 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_8" title="Luke 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_9" title="Luke 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_10" title="Luke 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_11" title="Luke 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_12" title="Luke 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_13" title="Luke 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_14" title="Luke 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_15" title="Luke 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_16" title="Luke 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_17" title="Luke 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_18" title="Luke 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_19" title="Luke 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_20" title="Luke 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_21" title="Luke 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_22" title="Luke 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_23" title="Luke 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_24" title="Luke 24">24</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Verses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luke_22:43%E2%80%9344" title="Luke 22:43–44">Luke 22:43–44</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation to Mary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Visitation_(Christianity)" title="Visitation (Christianity)">Elizabeth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Annunciation_to_the_shepherds" title="Annunciation to the shepherds">and the shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Shepherds" title="Adoration of the Shepherds">Adoration of shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Saint_John_the_Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Nativity of Saint John the Baptist">John the Baptist's Birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Census_of_Quirinius" title="Census of Quirinius">Census of Quirinius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Jesus' Birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumcision_of_Jesus" title="Circumcision of Jesus">Circumcision</a> and <a href="/wiki/Presentation_of_Jesus_at_the_Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Presentation of Jesus at the Temple">Presentation at the Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finding_in_the_Temple" title="Finding in the Temple">Finding in the Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genealogy_of_Jesus" title="Genealogy of Jesus">Genealogy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temptation_of_Christ" title="Temptation of Christ">Temptation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calling_of_Matthew" title="Calling of Matthew">Calling of Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counting_the_cost" title="Counting the cost">Counting the cost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Plain" title="Sermon on the Plain">Sermon on the Plain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beatitudes" title="Beatitudes">Beatitudes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calming_the_storm" title="Calming the storm">Calming the storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeding_the_multitude" title="Feeding the multitude">Feeding the 5000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfiguration_of_Jesus" title="Transfiguration of Jesus">Transfiguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commandment" title="Great Commandment">Great Commandment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Lord's Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parable_of_the_Prodigal_Son" title="Parable of the Prodigal Son">Prodigal son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivet_Discourse" title="Olivet Discourse">Olivet Discourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilate%27s_court" title="Pilate's court">Pilate's court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burial_of_Jesus" title="Burial of Jesus">Burial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empty_tomb" title="Empty tomb">Empty tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ascension</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benedictus_(Song_of_Zechariah)" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedictus (Song of Zechariah)">Benedictus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishers_of_men" title="Fishers of men">Fishers of men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnificat" title="Magnificat">Magnificat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Wine_into_Old_Wineskins" title="New Wine into Old Wineskins">New Wine into Old Wineskins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunc_dimittis" title="Nunc dimittis">Nunc dimittis (Song of Simeon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parable_of_the_Unjust_Steward" title="Parable of the Unjust Steward">Parable of the Unjust Steward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_man_and_Lazarus" title="Rich man and Lazarus">Rich man and Lazarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_four_woes_of_Jesus" title="The four woes of Jesus">The four woes of Jesus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abijah" title="Abijah">Abijah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_the_Apostle" title="Andrew the Apostle">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_the_Prophetess" title="Anna the Prophetess">Anna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annas" title="Annas">Annas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caiaphas" title="Caiaphas">Caiaphas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha" title="Elisha">Elisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure)" title="Elizabeth (biblical figure)">Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herod_Antipas" title="Herod Antipas">Herod Antipas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herod_the_Great" title="Herod the Great">Herod the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_of_Arimathea" title="Joseph of Arimathea">Joseph of Arimathea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judas_Iscariot" title="Judas Iscariot">Judas Iscariot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_man_and_Lazarus" title="Rich man and Lazarus">Lazarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysanias" title="Lysanias">Lysanias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_of_Bethany" class="mw-redirect" title="Martha of Bethany">Martha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary, mother of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Magdalene" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Mary, sister of Martha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naaman" title="Naaman">Naaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Apostle" title="Philip the Apostle">Philip (apostle)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Tetrarch" title="Philip the Tetrarch">Philip (tetrarch)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontius_Pilate" title="Pontius Pilate">Pontius Pilate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quirinius" title="Quirinius">Quirinius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_(Gospel_of_Luke)" title="Simeon (Gospel of Luke)">Simeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Simon Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_(biblical)" title="Theophilus (biblical)">Theophilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_the_Apostle" title="Thomas the Apostle">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberius_Caesar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiberius Caesar">Tiberius Caesar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebedee" title="Zebedee">Zebedee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zechariah</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Groups</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pharisees" title="Pharisees">Pharisees</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sadducees" title="Sadducees">Sadducees</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Samaritans" title="Samaritans">Samaritans</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin" title="Sanhedrin">Sanhedrin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Seventy_disciples" title="Seventy disciples">Seventy disciples</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abilene_(biblical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abilene (biblical)">Abilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethany_(biblical_village)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bethany (biblical village)">Bethany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethsaida" title="Bethsaida">Bethsaida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capernaum" title="Capernaum">Capernaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decapolis" title="Decapolis">Decapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmaus" title="Emmaus">Emmaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galilee" title="Galilee">Galilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iturea" title="Iturea">Iturea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nein" title="Nein">Nain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaria" title="Samaria">Samaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Galilee" title="Sea of Galilee">Sea of Galilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trachonitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Trachonitis">Trachonitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">Luke the Evangelist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke%E2%80%93Acts" title="Luke–Acts">Luke–Acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authorship_of_Luke%E2%80%93Acts" title="Authorship of Luke–Acts">Authorship of Luke–Acts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synoptic_Gospels" title="Synoptic Gospels">Synoptic Gospels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Gospel of Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_source" title="Q source">Q source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L_source" title="L source">L source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-gospel_hypothesis" title="Two-gospel hypothesis">Two-gospel hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_school_hypothesis" title="Jerusalem school hypothesis">Jerusalem school hypothesis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textual_variants_in_the_Gospel_of_Luke" title="Textual variants in the Gospel of Luke">Textual variants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Marcion" title="Gospel of Marcion">Gospel of Marcion</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jiizas:_di_Buk_We_Luuk_Rait_bout_Im" title="Jiizas: di Buk We Luuk Rait bout Im">Jiizas: di Buk We Luuk Rait bout Im</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St_Luke_Passion,_BWV_246" title="St Luke Passion, BWV 246"><i>St Luke Passion</i>, BWV 246</a> (1730)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Luke_Passion_(Penderecki)" title="St Luke Passion (Penderecki)"><i>St Luke Passion</i></a> (Penderecki, 1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jesus_(1979_film)" title="Jesus (1979 film)">Jesus</a></i> (1979 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Witness:_Five_Plays_from_the_Gospel_of_Luke" title="Witness: Five Plays from the Gospel of Luke">Witness: Five Plays from the Gospel of Luke</a></i> (2007, radio)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Savior_(2014_film)" title="The Savior (2014 film)">The Savior</a></i> (2014 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manuscripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_2" title="Papyrus 2">Papyrus 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_3" title="Papyrus 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_4" title="Papyrus 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_7" title="Papyrus 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_42" title="Papyrus 42">42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_45" title="Papyrus 45">45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_69" title="Papyrus 69">69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_75" title="Papyrus 75">75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_82" title="Papyrus 82">82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_97" title="Papyrus 97">97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_111" title="Papyrus 111">111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex_Nitriensis" title="Codex Nitriensis">Codex Nitriensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohrid_Glagolitic_fragments" title="Ohrid Glagolitic fragments">Ohrid Glagolitic fragments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/el:%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC_%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD" class="extiw" title="wikisource:el:Κατά Λουκάν">Greek Text</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/la:Biblia_Sacra_Vulgata_(Stuttgartensia)/Lucas" class="extiw" title="wikisource:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Lucas">Latin Vulgate</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(Wycliffe)/Luke" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (Wycliffe)/Luke">Wycliffe Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (King James)/Luke">King James Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(American_Standard)/Luke" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (American Standard)/Luke">American Standard Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(World_English)/Luke" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (World English)/Luke">World English Version</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Acts_of_the_Apostles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Template:Acts of the Apostles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Template talk:Acts of the Apostles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Acts of the Apostles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Acts_of_the_Apostles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts of the Apostles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> <a href="/wiki/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible" title="Chapters and verses of the Bible">chapters</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acts_1" title="Acts 1">Acts 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_2" title="Acts 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_3" title="Acts 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_4" title="Acts 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_5" title="Acts 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_6" title="Acts 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_7" title="Acts 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_8" title="Acts 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_9" title="Acts 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_10" title="Acts 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_11" title="Acts 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_12" title="Acts 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_13" title="Acts 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_14" title="Acts 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_15" title="Acts 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_16" title="Acts 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_17" title="Acts 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_18" title="Acts 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_19" title="Acts 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_20" title="Acts 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_21" title="Acts 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_22" title="Acts 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_23" title="Acts 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_24" title="Acts 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_25" title="Acts 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_26" title="Acts 26">26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_27" title="Acts 27">27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_28" title="Acts 28">28</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ascension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">Pentecost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversion_of_Paul_the_Apostle" title="Conversion of Paul the Apostle">Conversion of Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter%27s_vision_of_a_sheet_with_animals" title="Peter's vision of a sheet with animals">Peter's vision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Peter" title="Liberation of Peter">Peter's liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Jerusalem" title="Council of Jerusalem">Council of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Areopagus_sermon" title="Areopagus sermon">Areopagus sermon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_burning_at_Ephesus" title="Book burning at Ephesus">Book burning at Ephesus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas_(biblical_figure)" title="Aeneas (biblical figure)">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agabus" title="Agabus">Agabus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herod_Agrippa" title="Herod Agrippa">Agrippa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herod_Agrippa_II" title="Herod Agrippa II">Agrippa II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananias_of_Damascus" title="Ananias of Damascus">Ananias (Damascus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananias_son_of_Nedebeus" title="Ananias son of Nedebeus">Ananias (High Priest)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananias_and_Sapphira" title="Ananias and Sapphira">Ananias (Judea)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollos" title="Apollos">Apollos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_and_Aquila" title="Priscilla and Aquila">Aquila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristarchus_of_Thessalonica" title="Aristarchus of Thessalonica">Aristarchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elymas" title="Elymas">Bar-jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnabas" title="Barnabas">Barnabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berenice_(daughter_of_Herod_Agrippa)" title="Berenice (daughter of Herod Agrippa)">Berenice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blastus" title="Blastus">Blastus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_the_Centurion" title="Cornelius the Centurion">Cornelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_(biblical_figure)" title="Demetrius (biblical figure)">Demetrius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_the_Areopagite" title="Dionysius the Areopagite">Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorcas" title="Dorcas">Dorcas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drusilla_(daughter_of_Herod_Agrippa)" title="Drusilla (daughter of Herod Agrippa)">Drusilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_eunuch" title="Ethiopian eunuch">Ethiopian eunuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutychus" title="Eutychus">Eutychus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonius_Felix" title="Antonius Felix">Felix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porcius_Festus" title="Porcius Festus">Festus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Junius_Gallio_Annaeanus" title="Lucius Junius Gallio Annaeanus">Gallio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamaliel" title="Gamaliel">Gamaliel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James,_brother_of_Jesus" title="James, brother of Jesus">James the Just</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_of_Thessalonica" title="Jason of Thessalonica">Jason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barsabbas" title="Joseph Barsabbas">Joseph Barsabbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judas_Barsabbas" title="Judas Barsabbas">Judas Barsabbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judas_of_Galilee" title="Judas of Galilee">Judas of Galilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_of_Cyrene" title="Lucius of Cyrene">Lucius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_of_Thyatira" title="Lydia of Thyatira">Lydia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_Lysias" title="Claudius Lysias">Lysias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manahen" title="Manahen">Manaen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mark" title="John Mark">(John) Mark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_the_cousin_of_Barnabas" title="Mark the cousin of Barnabas">cousin of Barnabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_John_Mark" title="Mary, mother of John Mark">Mary mother of John Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Matthias" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Matthias">Matthias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicanor_the_Deacon" title="Nicanor the Deacon">Nicanor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaism" title="Nicolaism">Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmenas" title="Parmenas">Parmenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergius_Paulus" title="Sergius Paulus">Paullus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Evangelist" title="Philip the Evangelist">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_and_Aquila" title="Priscilla and Aquila">Priscilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prochorus_(deacon)" title="Prochorus (deacon)">Prochorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Publius" title="Saint Publius">Publius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhoda_(biblical_figure)" title="Rhoda (biblical figure)">Rhoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananias_and_Sapphira" title="Ananias and Sapphira">Sapphira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceva" title="Sceva">Sceva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Deacons" title="Seven Deacons">Seven Deacons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas" title="Silas">Silas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_Niger" title="Simeon Niger">Simeon Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Magus" title="Simon Magus">Simon the Sorcerer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopater" title="Sopater">Sopater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen" title="Saint Stephen">Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertullus" title="Tertullus">Tertullus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_(biblical)" title="Theophilus (biblical)">Theophilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theudas" title="Theudas">Theudas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Timothy" title="Saint Timothy">Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Titus" title="Saint Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trophimus" title="Trophimus">Trophimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tychicus" title="Tychicus">Tychicus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue_of_the_Libertines" title="Synagogue of the Libertines">Synagogue of the Libertines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Age">Apostolic Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles_(genre)" title="Acts of the Apostles (genre)">Acts of the Apostles (genre)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke%E2%80%93Acts" title="Luke–Acts">Luke–Acts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Authorship_of_Luke%E2%80%93Acts" title="Authorship of Luke–Acts">Authorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">Luke the Evangelist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_reliability_of_the_Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Historical reliability of the Acts of the Apostles">Historical reliability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_the_Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Holy Spirit in the Acts of the Apostles">Holy Spirit in the Acts of the Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textual_variants_in_the_Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Textual variants in the Acts of the Apostles">Textual variants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamaliel%27s_principle" title="Gamaliel's principle">Gamaliel's principle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manuscripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_8" title="Papyrus 8">Papyrus 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_29" title="Papyrus 29">29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_33" title="Papyrus 33">33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_38" title="Papyrus 38">38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_45" title="Papyrus 45">45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_48" title="Papyrus 48">48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_50" title="Papyrus 50">50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_53" title="Papyrus 53">53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_56" title="Papyrus 56">56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_57" title="Papyrus 57">57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_74" title="Papyrus 74">74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_91" title="Papyrus 91">91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_112" title="Papyrus 112">112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_127" title="Papyrus 127">127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex_Laudianus" title="Codex Laudianus">Codex Laudianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codex_Mutinensis" title="Codex Mutinensis">Codex Mutinensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_095" title="Uncial 095">Uncial 095</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_096" title="Uncial 096">096</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_097" title="Uncial 097">097</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_0120" title="Uncial 0120">0120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_0140" title="Uncial 0140">0140</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_0165" title="Uncial 0165">0165</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_0175" title="Uncial 0175">0175</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_0189" title="Uncial 0189">0189</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_0236" title="Uncial 0236">0236</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_0244" title="Uncial 0244">0244</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_0294" title="Uncial 0294">0294</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncial_0304" title="Uncial 0304">0304</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C5%A1kovi%C4%87%27s_fragment_of_the_Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Gršković's fragment of the Acts of the Apostles">Gršković's fragment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihanovi%C4%87%27s_fragment_of_the_Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Mihanović's fragment of the Acts of the Apostles">Mihanović's fragment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A.D._(miniseries)" title="A.D. (miniseries)">A.D.</a></i> (1985 miniseries)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Visual_Bible:_Acts" title="The Visual Bible: Acts">The Visual Bible: Acts</a></i> (1994 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Christianity" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christianity_footer" title="Template:Christianity footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Christianity_footer" title="Template talk:Christianity footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christianity_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christianity footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Christianity" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Christianity-related_articles" title="Index of Christianity-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Christianity" title="Outline of Christianity">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Christianity" title="Glossary of Christianity">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_of_Christianity" title="Prophets of Christianity">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Christians" title="Lists of Christians">Lists of Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_by_country" title="Christianity by country">By country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a><br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_texts#Christianity" title="List of religious texts">(Scriptures)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foundations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_(congregation)" title="Church (congregation)">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creed" title="Creed">Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_gospel" title="The gospel">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Covenant" title="New Covenant">New Covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Christian tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity" title="History of Christianity">History</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Christianity" title="Timeline of Christianity">timeline</a>)<br />(<a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Christianity" title="Spread of Christianity">spread</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early<br />Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">in Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parables_of_Jesus" title="Parables of Jesus">Parables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">Miracles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commandment" title="Great Commandment">Great Commandment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church fathers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Fathers" title="Apostolic Fathers">Apostolic fathers</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Great_Church" title="Great Church">Great Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_ante-Nicene_period" title="Christianity in the ante-Nicene period">Ante-Nicene period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_late_antiquity" title="Christianity in late antiquity">Late antiquity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great_and_Christianity" title="Constantine the Great and Christianity">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_seven_ecumenical_councils" title="First seven ecumenical councils">First seven ecumenical councils</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Nicaea I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Chalcedon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_as_the_Roman_state_religion" title="Christianity as the Roman state religion">State church of the Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_biblical_canon" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian biblical canon">Christian biblical canon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Christianity in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_monasticism" title="Christian monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">East–West Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_the_Age_of_Discovery" title="Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_modern_era" title="Christianity in the modern era">Modern era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Catholic Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechristianization_of_France_during_the_French_Revolution" title="Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_Islam" title="Christianity and Islam">Relations with Islam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_influences_on_the_Islamic_world" title="Christian influences on the Islamic world">Influences</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Denominations</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations" title="List of Christian denominations">list</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations_by_number_of_members" title="List of Christian denominations by number of members">members</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Catholicism" title="Independent Catholicism">Independent Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Christianity" title="Charismatic Christianity">Charismatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Christianity" title="Reformed Christianity">Reformed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Rite_Orthodoxy" title="Western Rite Orthodoxy">Western Rite Orthodoxy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East (Nestorian)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Restorationism" title="Restorationism">Restorationist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint movement</a></li> <li><span title="Tagalog-language text"><span lang="tl" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_theology" title="Christian theology">Theology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father" title="God the Father">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_God_(Christianity)" title="Son of God (Christianity)">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_tradition" title="Sacred tradition">Tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_sin" title="Original sin">Original sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Born_again" title="Born again">Born again</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_worship" title="Eastern Orthodox worship">Eastern Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_liturgy" title="Protestant liturgy">Protestant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology" title="Mariology">Mariology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Christianity" title="Angels in Christianity">Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiology" title="Ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Marks_of_the_Church" title="Four Marks of the Church">Four marks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_Christ" title="Body of Christ">Body of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_true_church" title="One true church">One true church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_God" title="People of God">People of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law" title="Canon law">Canon law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament" title="Sacrament">Sacraments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Eucharist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_marriage" title="Christian views on marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation" title="Confirmation">Confirmation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penance" title="Penance">Penance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_sick" title="Anointing of the sick">Anointing of the Sick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_orders" title="Holy orders">Holy orders</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mission" title="Christian mission">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablution_in_Christianity" title="Ablution in Christianity">Ablution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hygiene_in_Christianity" title="Hygiene in Christianity">Hygiene</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_philosophy" title="Christian philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_ethics" title="Christian ethics">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_science" title="Christianity and science">Science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rejection_of_evolution_by_religious_groups" title="Rejection of evolution by religious groups">Evolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_politics" title="Christianity and politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_poverty_and_wealth" title="Christian views on poverty and wealth">Views on poverty and wealth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_culture" title="Christian culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_architecture" title="Church architecture">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_cathedrals_and_great_churches" title="Architecture of cathedrals and great churches">Architecture of cathedrals and great churches</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_art" title="Christian art">Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Depiction_of_Jesus" title="Depiction of Jesus">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_art_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marian art in the Catholic Church">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Trinity_in_art" title="The Trinity in art">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father_in_Western_art" title="God the Father in Western art">God the Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christian_art" title="Holy Spirit in Christian art">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catechesis" title="Catechesis">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catechism" title="Catechism">Catechism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Flag" title="Christian Flag">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_literature" title="Christian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_music" title="Christian music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mythology" title="Christian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_pilgrimage" title="Christian pilgrimage">Pilgrimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_piety" title="Popular piety">Popular piety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">Church buildings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_cathedrals" title="Lists of cathedrals">Cathedrals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Role in civilization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_movements" title="List of Christian movements">Movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crusading_movement" title="Crusading movement">Crusading movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_anarchism" title="Christian anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">Charismatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_democracy" title="Christian democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_views_on_environmentalism" title="Christian views on environmentalism">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_existentialism" title="Christian existentialism">Existentialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_fundamentalism" title="Christian fundamentalism">Fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_theology" title="Liberation theology">Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_left" title="Christian left">Left</a>/<a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mysticism" title="Christian mysticism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_pacifism" title="Christian 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class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominationalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Christian_sentiment" title="Anti-Christian sentiment">Anti-Christian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_universalism" title="Christian universalism">Christian universalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Christianity" title="Criticism of Christianity">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Christians" title="Cultural Christians">Cultural Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Christians" title="Persecution of Christians">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_and_other_religions" title="Christianity and other religions">Relations with other religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unlimited_atonement" 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