CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913398b38e4a2f1f',cH: 'pnCsjzwQn0oAqLIiKcmzk2O16yvMKQunp5fQ5T2jcEU-1739772439-1.2.1.1-1SBv1Ma5FGO1jroah4UmjvGt5eLFLs30afVoUWVEg9TJHb.dDVKsyRf0HV.uhPUa',cUPMDTk: "\/search?q=electrical%20machine&__cf_chl_tk=_h7A0Oj5UAJ4ENQVMy5oVAwsQUmUU2XygmsMhaYCUKw-1739772439-1.0.1.1-4xmrn9nXkHHEXN6MarKvzDN2u_rVcKxixJZFaVniyZY",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739772439',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/search?q=electrical%20machine&__cf_chl_f_tk=_h7A0Oj5UAJ4ENQVMy5oVAwsQUmUU2XygmsMhaYCUKw-1739772439-1.0.1.1-4xmrn9nXkHHEXN6MarKvzDN2u_rVcKxixJZFaVniyZY",md: "LXUwGIeG5umYjueyFxm8WMV54wH3TnMOAI6Mu0Nhxak-1739772439-1.2.1.1-PkHfbJLYZjejAkT47tUzPJzXrrSYs9eq9roZ2a86qm0_g9zsOC695ZghEsJvVFCG4in3wC047TUjCvBZM427.A8UwJ3QbulQSDqSwuiBUgTKa3cKfNsk6VsXiH4HUYAvBu3eucA2dFi0AcqQAy_eHEc8BQ8gzP0NAv48H89BGoYAFBKG0fct2m0_yByNpGmVtSkG0F6_b0i7vZwcl0gPYma.EZId9Av1ARhLXI0Wzro3C9Qz3Xa4ai18trN6DvJh8wANDDf1hNYmaOf8qb9_bgRIyIh3yc3xMC_zmnRLoRGweQt7O2a71URj9goYKerHlu.k3Tonq1GQkkiurwobd4ts_F4n3MiladlH5O6MkWhUh2GDr6Gda7bOkB1xcnHv7P7691A7EMuBaCztyGZGp7zkzxquTjb.5vCHXBGXjqsgCOskVtARpT_frOdveANYAxgTsdlTvlgLZS8TyRMhGqZzvqt26f7BuqH_E_cd2SMCXbO3zjTyvcv1f8V_EdiAEsfkloPRSy08MnQPSrDZMcawXZwEVkNffuE_LYLZDnvXTMoGxhuFr4LSnWAbw6yeVtsJxht5_QjG05Mkg5wvPRMWUutEpOn0D0gHSN1ems.BzQIi7UP22w4_M5Hx0Y.TvRZyksBoxoa.g0gEzXjbl6jrAf.iB.gfnLkNcVEIT7WX402UYEb4wyaaTMgVgLbpKtWJZo5kzuP9lVWLP5wQI31oIfUZ9gDnSfWDxUCR8VpcM3W.ZXhB8abxWHrYX.2gQJD5ICWLQ9wS4gU.C3NI2Myj_DmDErncyK0L65TD3ZZHASIoyyUNmZxzW7HBJfZ_GHg.wFlOy71ZCiOyL9FhcF2iRBmrVSgI6xOdo2lOMs0aN8pC5Ds1AJlFtfDXN9.ZVg2INEofVjQ7cST4lqItyZvDPIyq4xuc3Lf.NNTULhEdFDpP3vDGl4bQ_3_N5sri.Rbk4VtKJA31TkkKDFO6DoYyT1k_CAWuVIvN6NQ9KE7y3pKUbV_xR9h_M2utTqLQ.FjJ6M5N0AuPXaq1yGPbccHQjzuC.F_tXbTd4iiMNbWV8afZkg.rDJoIwihwLdPfSEmCYquJ..gP1Nq3mbt_pHe00ejDOGdSwydNfGcpRw0UxBbQn3i9uWoih1yapQeTrv0jXaqUvuLo1uFbgqhPqKPLyu.I07n5Xs7QeyuwdkqdD7gzlMhWm2SEj8c_TIbUzWuAOAGcQZpZkz_IW2krvS66muKhMXCGlBDi0HSB7gFjgxHKbl95mLddlFy2Shc7TA4ibyNQy9K7SUcl5N1OsDe.VtFGCwcUsSUVYs7ybCuEzNIH3wy26NXTYV06zzNkzGeUsAnqSWF86AoeJ6KqL3fD1iv3JPzL6Rc74f4SeKRz4ojKVrj4tFR8lf.3xZ0q7p_eIK2oFjyqLj5CyxFb.ujazX74R6Qm1.uVwoZyLPN3RVwoTjSS1RSndt9NpNJ4FBuieA5b8O1x5JgiCBZGDNlrCOo.iSEfhnlsZvA5aWCnMHe6M1ABMtpu20PElQJrzeXWE6WtIVbPzmFmb0l4LwkMrNPLX5Ii5UDeg5gYFMENsNSA9UgkYFz4yaUaRvp0GcK1eOBtX6kX9CkXuyqW1V6HHDZPZvA.o9gacoPcyrwRFVvkodTwBCJ4MyZl8deGdu5xjJ.AvMONPjDJ1jbDGtKgXtKkoDegi2sfryBt1x707i8jqrZKKB87l2cGK2J8DQaLlftCeqoTDYTfBwslH7wQ3qWMgkTt8wNWyB6KO3bYgCaC7vjgNXEO2zy8wWIwwWO.6op6yOfawaGN7HuAoTviTmTTnbf1FHlAhxwOK_1PoSBGeaJ05usmriwzBY_nplYrwQmNpToCt0h9s1y.25KvZXqDG.cBScTZBsgtwIqkvcvv6Al.A6YhELbVoExHumaiqmibM.3rlnQVPfhxYQ",mdrd: "L7xeK4ScL3_.EYTaLHIOUV9xndPpdLtMbDd0zTp9Sag-1739772439-1.2.1.1-4bGIuM7D.b_oK3WeRqI0XSCnWNNcMMkV43PVxmbt4KFx8oVV4IEz.RwFQBKclUkWbyY42zF6RQodElrn3Wd8gaLDsy3Dc6maiFSCq9i2pP6YoIvZNyUoXOF6.ubCL10oWFZYKxYa1TQxiALoTQXV5B7Iqb0IAtToTcB.REC81P5Td9lV16HXLcTdNkOj5Tn.HMuWf_Gy6HqG0hFj57NzzeBehbZZMLlJyAjckBkbIQwrnTwoRGi00cVnLSettOagJ88ywNl4BY_cTWY2vzGJD_2DgUedwIPOf_tBW_Vp57FySktZKZ8J660QSEsk2MrU9JV6cR4qW.ebkLOuPUpe5Hl79LHkif1wEFo7U0qrrZsK0rH221sRGT4SgZcfh5OH52uYXq4vab286_k8TfPG22KHOQdHZ3S_qWo8M6dQBhFMMDYXm4hJFyg58foyM1p__wMCJy3.xMAvuH35lGNssl6ou1e4RZ00twicZW2R9wFU3JnuQ7LS6OpGyxMODj3dTFs8H86Gegoje4URTYzv1MLJ.TV6Cz5V9CEqLz3dPG5gvuh742bwlv2k.txUKysY3aIVODnvYFG6VAA3bk7Lw.CMsGuQF8fmgT_5QVo1EDEtxgJlHTMfxioMAXS2GHtKL5sQjg8d7OO7pQ4RYFQkEut1BA5AmGpyLfvcSaEtrgpfHBvAIxdqk_q3O2.7rRm7RUiKbD2R_b5p7k7qldUCkxhrjkVRLkaX4q2s6U4mMmxAfNFHDlmJVwvkb68jD0qOkvyz1O2YQd_fv4Kjpzk.0j0RQYTJlx99PbleCcArsAgmi22wM7DWTK66gQyakRVIpcsgJPHjpWF7W44TrzD_C5h9HGfDVYy9yvXmNbRRNgEDSDkxu7BEdVCYq2MbATfJiRffSXpzO.qnOJ.kGgKAD_ErqAOyOV7rTrspjIedRZNosSmL4LicTlveNk0JpqRvdSo56RB1fXYys.frxj3PHNrW4uf9lLKTBziKM9pm7DAj_lEhowSJnWp_s2gQ2VZmD7uHhNLmWnavdI625KoKJUX_S63uTGeEyEWgc9SMFlRUzYQsxQ0b_5j31emNnRkC7NZrcLRapDWjJCoIfTQoeXQcFdb5qKteDHtQaUTRXm_Xy2OYkxI729_.P_FoTVgMnknArO__nQACYM3_.xZszynE5LXOwcgm408peq7GfTVX1X9Yka6UP7kk0bu0Qa0mEVYmPc_3irU2_HUgVAsKSrbATHZ0wSUHHRltE9yrNiPGdk1XZAnjo5UNdXrtokrZlWsG5tm_RIj0F.ES3lWU0397k170RCUJdvrM7.NteRBF3DVE6j7SOaoLixVYvsr4E43KtQZy0LnENvh_HuXuqsDIrEoqcsws.KNeqspPLlSwzqE6Eypa74.KC3xLfZMiR14TJthQ4hC03zCy_YOvcW9nXdSlBTjIZqSOV3Db3irXtTPQtysjPwcW3_04B.FvsW0Qz6KDI1QZMg3q.7i5ts4H.4tVX07wfn_yesq86YqEeHxjGCOY4ZejX_l8CUTNzYGHrWtFVmwLJXtlJgk8jrNXX0zYghvmKfl1xjDOoZ3kH0brJ8_YoHQ6FhFWLcMSUg4XQXU9jbNpDwIy5.jiEwwCr13coKr8mEXIyJ98oDj4RbmBS2wwDrSXQ4ukGcq.52NGYgleRhX8IQmFcE0v7NCTOlMQ4aLKgOGTgQ2zOqaoHZmIeG7clQ32zL0GBHgPcRCO7l_0ebMVpW7UcppqPEO.yTFVYHwZCIzuLn0eUKQhrKSegqrR0DLH2XniYqA9POshVc2jMdg8fpCM0geH9Yvz274zkqGPyChu6aB6A0.OQ8no_1Gt_ohStJPvVhFJ3sIiKW8zfc60g4ihMzj.imgdscTkPTD59.xVKAOnu1gas_R.Ojvi2TcOT3Vwzc3vQ8TUjeDtssFaHh7qbQAi05tVTdvAaud5QW4joyUb3SqKw26J_saFYI60S6SczW6KXy_Ool63g0l9mRi2yeR83A"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913398b38e4a2f1f';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/search?q=electrical%20machine&__cf_chl_rt_tk=_h7A0Oj5UAJ4ENQVMy5oVAwsQUmUU2XygmsMhaYCUKw-1739772439-1.0.1.1-4xmrn9nXkHHEXN6MarKvzDN2u_rVcKxixJZFaVniyZY" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>