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</button> <ul id="toc-Amateur_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-College_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#College_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 College career </div> </a> <ul id="toc-College_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Olympic_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olympic_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Olympic career </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olympic_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-All-Around_champion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#All-Around_champion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 All-Around champion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-All-Around_champion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Controversy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Professional_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Professional career </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Professional_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Professional career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Professional_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Baseball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baseball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Baseball </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baseball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Football </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basketball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basketball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Basketball </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basketball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marriage_and_family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriage_and_family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Marriage and family </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_and_family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_life,_film_career,_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_life,_film_career,_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Later life, film career, and death </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_life,_film_career,_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Victim_of_racism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Victim_of_racism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Victim of racism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Victim_of_racism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Legacy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Legacy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Olympic_awards_reinstated" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olympic_awards_reinstated"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Olympic awards reinstated </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olympic_awards_reinstated-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Honors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jim_Thorpe,_Pennsylvania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jim_Thorpe,_Pennsylvania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jim_Thorpe,_Pennsylvania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jim_Thorpe_Marathon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jim_Thorpe_Marathon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Jim Thorpe Marathon </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jim_Thorpe_Marathon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inline_citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inline_citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Inline citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inline_citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Jim Thorpe</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" > 55 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="جيم ثورب – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جيم ثورب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cim_Torp" title="Cim Torp – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cim Torp" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE" title="جیم تورپ – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جیم تورپ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA" title="জিম থর্প – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জিম থর্প" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF" title="Джим Торп – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Джим Торп" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF" title="Джым Торп – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джым Торп" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF" title="Джим Торп – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джим Торп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE" title="جیم تورپ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جیم تورپ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%90_%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84" title="짐 소프 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="짐 소프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%AB%D5%B4_%D4%B9%D5%B8%D6%80%D6%83" title="Ջիմ Թորփ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջիմ Թորփ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%AA%27%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A4" title="ג'ים ת'ורפ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ים ת'ורפ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEims_Torps" title="Džims Torps – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džims Torps" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF" title="Џим Торп – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џим Торп" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA" title="जिम थॉर्प – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जिम थॉर्प" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="جيم ثورب – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيم ثورب" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97" title="ジム・ソープ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジム・ソープ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%87" title="ਜਿਮ ਥੋਰਪੇ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਿਮ ਥੋਰਪੇ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Торп, Джим – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Торп, Джим" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Jim Thorpe" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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Click here for more information."><img alt="Featured article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American athlete (1887–1953)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the American athlete. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Jim Thorpe (disambiguation)">Jim Thorpe (disambiguation)</a>. "Bright Path" redirects here. For the 1940 Soviet film, see <a href="/wiki/Tanya_(1940_film)" title="Tanya (1940 film)">Tanya (1940 film)</a>. For the Kazakhstani economic stimulus plan, see <a href="/wiki/Nurly_Zhol" title="Nurly Zhol">Nurly Zhol</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Jim Thorpe</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="nickname" lang="sac">Wa-Tho-Huk</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Thorpe_1913b-cr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Black-and-white image of Jim Thorpe sitting down and writing. He is a Native American man with a Western haircut and wearing a dark suit." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Jim_Thorpe_1913b-cr.jpg/220px-Jim_Thorpe_1913b-cr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Jim_Thorpe_1913b-cr.jpg/330px-Jim_Thorpe_1913b-cr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Jim_Thorpe_1913b-cr.jpg/440px-Jim_Thorpe_1913b-cr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="473" data-file-height="549" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Thorpe in 1913</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">James Francis Thorpe</div> May 22 or 28, 1887 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Near <a href="/wiki/Prague,_Oklahoma" title="Prague, Oklahoma">Prague, Oklahoma</a>, U.S.<a href="#cite_note-1">[a]</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 28, 1953(1953-03-28) (aged 65) <div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Lomita,_California" title="Lomita, California">Lomita, California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Sac_and_Fox_Nation" title="Sac and Fox Nation">Sac and Fox Nation</a>, American</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American football player</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><hr />American football career</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Thorpe_Canton_Bulldogs_1915-20.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Thorpe wearing his Canton Bulldogs football jersey." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Jim_Thorpe_Canton_Bulldogs_1915-20.jpg/200px-Jim_Thorpe_Canton_Bulldogs_1915-20.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="352" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Jim_Thorpe_Canton_Bulldogs_1915-20.jpg/300px-Jim_Thorpe_Canton_Bulldogs_1915-20.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Jim_Thorpe_Canton_Bulldogs_1915-20.jpg/400px-Jim_Thorpe_Canton_Bulldogs_1915-20.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1545" data-file-height="2723" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Thorpe with the Canton Bulldogs, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1915 – c. 1920</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">No. 2, 21, 3</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">Position:</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Halfback_(American_football)" title="Halfback (American football)">Tailback</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Personal information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">Height:</th><td class="infobox-data">6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">Weight:</th><td class="infobox-data">202 lb (92 kg)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Career information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">High school:</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Indian_Industrial_School" title="Carlisle Indian Industrial School">Carlisle Indian Industrial</a> (<a href="/wiki/Carlisle,_Pennsylvania" title="Carlisle, Pennsylvania">Carlisle, Pennsylvania</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">College:</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Indians_football" title="Carlisle Indians football">Carlisle</a> (1907–1908, 1911–1912)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Career history <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 0;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">As a player:</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canton_Bulldogs" title="Canton Bulldogs">Canton Bulldogs</a> (1915–1917, 1919–<a href="/wiki/1920_NFL_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1920 NFL season">1920</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Tigers_(NFL)" title="Cleveland Tigers (NFL)">Cleveland Indians</a> (<a href="/wiki/1921_NFL_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1921 NFL season">1921</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oorang_Indians" title="Oorang Indians">Oorang Indians</a> (<a href="/wiki/1922_NFL_season" title="1922 NFL season">1922</a>–<a href="/wiki/1923_NFL_season" title="1923 NFL season">1923</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Island_Independents" title="Rock Island Independents">Rock Island Independents</a> (<a href="/wiki/1924_NFL_season" title="1924 NFL season">1924</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants" title="New York Giants">New York Giants</a> (<a href="/wiki/1925_NFL_season" title="1925 NFL season">1925</a>)</li> <li>Rock Island Independents (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa_Cardinals" title="Tampa Cardinals">Tampa Cardinals</a> (1926)</li> <li>Canton Bulldogs (<a href="/wiki/1926_NFL_season" title="1926 NFL season">1926</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cardinals" title="Chicago Cardinals">Chicago Cardinals</a> (<a href="/wiki/1928_NFL_season" title="1928 NFL season">1928</a>)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 0;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">As a coach:</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Hoosiers_football" title="Indiana Hoosiers football">Indiana</a> (1915) Assistant coach<a href="#cite_note-2">[1]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton_Bulldogs" title="Canton Bulldogs">Canton Bulldogs</a> (1915–1920) Head coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Tigers_(NFL)" title="Cleveland Tigers (NFL)">Cleveland Indians</a> (<a href="/wiki/1921_NFL_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1921 NFL season">1921</a>) Head coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oorang_Indians" title="Oorang Indians">Oorang Indians</a> (<a href="/wiki/1922_NFL_season" title="1922 NFL season">1922</a>–<a href="/wiki/1923_NFL_season" title="1923 NFL season">1923</a>) Head coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa_Cardinals" title="Tampa Cardinals">Tampa Cardinals</a> (1926) Head coach</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 0;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">As a staff member / executive:</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"> <ul><li>Oorang Indians (1922–1923) General manager</li> <li>Tampa Cardinals (1926) Owner & general manager</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Career highlights and awards <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"> <dl><dt>As a player</dt></dl> <ul><li>3× <a href="/wiki/Ohio_League" title="Ohio League">Ohio League</a> champion (<a href="/wiki/1916_Canton_Bulldogs_season" title="1916 Canton Bulldogs season">1916</a>, <a href="/wiki/1917_Canton_Bulldogs_season" title="1917 Canton Bulldogs season">1917</a>, <a href="/wiki/1919_Canton_Bulldogs_season" title="1919 Canton Bulldogs season">1919</a>)</li> <li>First-team <a href="/wiki/All-Pro" title="All-Pro">All-Pro</a> (<a href="/wiki/1923_All-Pro_Team" title="1923 All-Pro Team">1923</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League_1920s_All-Decade_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="National Football League 1920s All-Decade Team">NFL 1920s All-Decade Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League_50th_Anniversary_All-Time_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="National Football League 50th Anniversary All-Time Team">NFL 50th Anniversary All-Time Team</a></li> <li>2× Consensus <a href="/wiki/College_Football_All-America_Team" title="College Football All-America Team">All-American</a> (<a href="/wiki/1911_College_Football_All-America_Team" title="1911 College Football All-America Team">1911</a>, <a href="/wiki/1912_College_Football_All-America_Team" title="1912 College Football All-America Team">1912</a>)</li> <li>Third-team All-American (<a href="/wiki/1908_College_Football_All-America_Team" title="1908 College Football All-America Team">1908</a>)</li></ul> <dl><dt>As a coach</dt></dl> <ul><li>3× Ohio League champion (<a href="/wiki/1916_Canton_Bulldogs_season" title="1916 Canton Bulldogs season">1916</a>, <a href="/wiki/1917_Canton_Bulldogs_season" title="1917 Canton Bulldogs season">1917</a>, <a href="/wiki/1919_Canton_Bulldogs_season" title="1919 Canton Bulldogs season">1919</a>)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Career NFL statistics</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width:50%;">Games played:</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:3px;">52</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width:50%;">Games started:</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:3px;">37</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width:50%;">Field goals:</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:3px;">4</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width:50%;">Longest field goal:</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:3px;">47</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width:50%;">Rushing touchdowns:</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:3px;">6</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width:50%;">Points scored:</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:3px;">51</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:3px;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/ThorJi20.htm">Stats</a> at <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Reference" title="Pro Football Reference">Pro Football Reference</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Head coaching record</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">Career:</th><td class="infobox-data">NFL: 14–25–2 (.366) Ohio League: 32–3–2 (.892) Overall: 46–28–4 (.615)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pro-football-reference.com/coaches/ThorJi0.htm">Coaching record</a> at Pro Football Reference</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="pane notheme mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #ffbb00;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.profootballhof.com/players/jim-thorpe">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="pane notheme mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #ffbb00;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://footballfoundation.org/hof_search.aspx?hof=1264">College Football Hall of Fame</a></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Baseball player</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334398">.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio td,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio .infobox-below{background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-batsthrows{display:flex;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-batsthrows>div{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-batsthrows div:first-child{border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header{background-color:#9A1C1F}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header a,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member>th>a{color:white}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-former .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-teams .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-highlights .infobox-full-data{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-module{width:100%;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9)}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header{background:#3d0001}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member[style*="background"]{background:#0c0a6b!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header{background:#3d0001}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member[style*="background"]{background:#0c0a6b!important}}</style><hr />Baseball career<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Thorpe_Giants.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Headshot of Thorpe grinning wearing his New York Giants jersey and cap." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Jim_Thorpe_Giants.jpeg/200px-Jim_Thorpe_Giants.jpeg" decoding="async" width="200" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Jim_Thorpe_Giants.jpeg/300px-Jim_Thorpe_Giants.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Jim_Thorpe_Giants.jpeg/400px-Jim_Thorpe_Giants.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="723" data-file-height="1032" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Thorpe with the New York Giants</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Outfielder" title="Outfielder">Outfielder</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="ib-baseball-bio-batsthrows"><div>Batted: Right</div><div>Threw: Right</div></div></td></tr><tr style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:#000000;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">MLB debut</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">April 14, 1913, for the New York Giants</td></tr><tr style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:#000000;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Last MLB appearance</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">September 25, 1919, for the Boston Braves</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:#000000;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">MLB statistics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:right; width:50%; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Batting_average_(baseball)" title="Batting average (baseball)">Batting average</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:50%; padding-left:0.5em;">.252</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:right; width:50%; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Home_run" title="Home run">Home runs</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:50%; padding-left:0.5em;">7</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:right; width:50%; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Run_batted_in" title="Run batted in">RBI</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:50%; padding-left:0.5em;">82</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:right; width:50%; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Hit_(baseball)" title="Hit (baseball)">Hits</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:50%; padding-left:0.5em;">176</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="width:50%; padding-left:0.5em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/t/thorpji01.shtml">Stats</a> at <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Reference" title="Baseball Reference">Baseball Reference</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221482#P1825" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:#000000;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Teams</th></tr><tr class="ib-baseball-bio-teams"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(baseball)" title="New York Giants (baseball)">New York Giants</a> (<a href="/wiki/1913_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1913 Major League Baseball season">1913</a>–<a href="/wiki/1915_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1915 Major League Baseball season">1915</a>, <a href="/wiki/1917_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1917 Major League Baseball season">1917</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a> (<a href="/wiki/1917_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1917 Major League Baseball season">1917</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(baseball)" title="New York Giants (baseball)">New York Giants</a> (<a href="/wiki/1918_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1918 Major League Baseball season">1918</a>–<a href="/wiki/1919_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1919 Major League Baseball season">1919</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Braves" title="Boston Braves">Boston Braves</a> (<a href="/wiki/1919_Major_League_Baseball_season" title="1919 Major League Baseball season">1919</a>)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">1st <a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_the_NFL" title="Commissioner of the NFL">President of the NFL</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 1920–1921</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hay" title="Ralph Hay">Ralph Hay</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[b]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Carr" title="Joseph Carr">Joseph Carr</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox" style="width: 22em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center; background-color:#ccc;color:inherit;">Olympic medal record </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;color:inherit;"> Men's athletics </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;color:inherit;" class="adr">Representing the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_national_athletics_team" class="mw-redirect" title="United States national athletics team">United States</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"> <a href="/wiki/1912_Summer_Olympics" title="1912 Summer Olympics">1912 Stockholm</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">Decathlon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"> <a href="/wiki/1912_Summer_Olympics" title="1912 Summer Olympics">1912 Stockholm</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_pentathlon" title="Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's pentathlon">Pentathlon</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> James Francis Thorpe (<a href="/wiki/Meskwaki_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Meskwaki language">Meskwaki</a>: Wa-Tho-Huk, May 22 or 28,<a href="#cite_note-museum-4">[2]</a> 1887 – March 28, 1953) was an American athlete and Olympic gold medalist. A citizen of the <a href="/wiki/Sac_and_Fox_Nation" title="Sac and Fox Nation">Sac and Fox Nation</a>, Thorpe was the first <a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> to win a gold medal for the United States in the Olympics. Considered one of the most versatile athletes of modern sports, he won two Olympic gold medals in the <a href="/wiki/1912_Summer_Olympics" title="1912 Summer Olympics">1912 Summer Olympics</a> (one in <a href="/wiki/Pentathlon#Athletics_pentathlons" title="Pentathlon">classic pentathlon</a> and the other in <a href="/wiki/Decathlon" title="Decathlon">decathlon</a>). He also played <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">football</a> (collegiate and professional), professional baseball, and professional basketball. He <a href="/wiki/List_of_stripped_Olympic_medals" title="List of stripped Olympic medals">lost his Olympic titles</a> after it was found he had been paid for playing two seasons of semi-professional baseball before competing in the Olympics, thus violating the contemporary <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games#Amateurism_and_professionalism" title="Olympic Games">amateurism</a> rules. In 1983, 30 years after his death, the <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> (IOC) restored his Olympic medals with replicas, after ruling that the decision to strip him of his medals fell <a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">outside of the required 30 days</a>. Official IOC records still listed Thorpe as co-champion in decathlon and pentathlon until 2022, when it was decided to restore him as the sole champion in both events. Thorpe grew up in the Sac and Fox Nation in <a href="/wiki/Indian_Territory" title="Indian Territory">Indian Territory</a> (what is now the U.S. state of <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>). As a youth, he attended <a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Indian_Industrial_School" title="Carlisle Indian Industrial School">Carlisle Indian Industrial School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Carlisle,_Pennsylvania" title="Carlisle, Pennsylvania">Carlisle, Pennsylvania</a>, where he was a two-time <a href="/wiki/All-America" title="All-America">All-American</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Indians_football" title="Carlisle Indians football">school's football team</a> under coach <a href="/wiki/Pop_Warner" title="Pop Warner">Pop Warner</a>. After his Olympic success in 1912, which included a record score in the decathlon, he added a victory in the All-Around Championship of the <a href="/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union" title="Amateur Athletic Union">Amateur Athletic Union</a>. Later in 1913, Thorpe signed with the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">New York Giants</a>, and he played six seasons in <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> between 1913 and 1919. Thorpe joined the <a href="/wiki/Canton_Bulldogs" title="Canton Bulldogs">Canton Bulldogs</a> American football team in 1915, helping them win three professional championships. He later played for six teams in the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (NFL). He played as part of several all-American Indian teams throughout his career, and <a href="/wiki/Barnstorming_(sports)" title="Barnstorming (sports)">barnstormed</a> as a professional basketball player with a team composed entirely of American Indians. From 1920 to 1921, Thorpe was nominally the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_NFL_Commissioner#Jim_Thorpe_(1920–1921)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the NFL Commissioner">first president</a> of the American Professional Football Association, which became the NFL in 1922. He played professional sports until age 41, the end of his sports career coinciding with the start of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>. He struggled to earn a living after that, working several odd jobs. He suffered from <a href="/wiki/Alcoholism" title="Alcoholism">alcoholism</a>, and lived his last years in failing health and poverty. He was married three times and had eight children, including <a href="/wiki/Grace_Thorpe" title="Grace Thorpe">Grace Thorpe</a>, an environmentalist and Native rights activist, before suffering from heart failure and dying in 1953. Thorpe has received numerous accolades for his athletic accomplishments. The <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> ranked him as the "greatest athlete" from the first 50 years of the 20th century, and the <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a> inducted him as part of its inaugural class in 1963. The town of <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe,_Pennsylvania" title="Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania">Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania</a>, was named in his honor. It has a monument site that contains his remains, which were the subject of legal action. Thorpe appeared in several films and was portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Burt_Lancaster" title="Burt Lancaster">Burt Lancaster</a> in the 1951 film <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe_%E2%80%93_All-American" title="Jim Thorpe – All-American">Jim Thorpe – All-American</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life">edit</a>]</div> Information about Thorpe's birth, name and ethnic background varies widely.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004129-5">[3]</a> He was baptized "Jacobus Franciscus Thorpe" in the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>. Thorpe was born in <a href="/wiki/Indian_Territory" title="Indian Territory">Indian Territory</a> of the United States (later <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>), but no <a href="/wiki/Birth_certificate" title="Birth certificate">birth certificate</a> has been found.<a href="#cite_note-BD-6">[4]</a> The Jim Thorpe Museum lists his birth date as May 28, 1887,<a href="#cite_note-museum-4">[2]</a>; however, others have listed it as May 22, 1887,<a href="#cite_note-BD-6">[4]</a> near the town of <a href="/wiki/Prague,_Oklahoma" title="Prague, Oklahoma">Prague</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> Thorpe said in a note to <a href="/wiki/The_Shawnee_News-Star" title="The Shawnee News-Star">The Shawnee News-Star</a> in 1943 that he was born May 28, 1888, "near and south of <a href="/wiki/Bellemont,_Oklahoma" title="Bellemont, Oklahoma">Bellemont</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pottawatomie_County,_Oklahoma" title="Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma">Pottawatomie County</a> – along the banks of the North Fork River ... hope this will clear up the inquiries as to my birthplace."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWheeler1979291-8">[6]</a> May 22, 1887, is listed on his <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptismal certificate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[7]</a> Thorpe referred to <a href="/wiki/Shawnee,_Oklahoma" title="Shawnee, Oklahoma">Shawnee</a> as his birthplace in his 1943 note to the newspaper.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWheeler1979291-8">[6]</a> Thorpe's father, Hiram Thorpe (<a href="/wiki/Sac_and_Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="Sac and Fox">Sac and Fox</a>), had an Irish father and a Sac and Fox mother.<a href="#cite_note-10">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[9]</a> His mother, Charlotte Vieux, was the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Citizen_Potawatomi_Nation" title="Citizen Potawatomi Nation">Citizen Potawatomi Nation</a> members Elizabeth and Jacob Vieux,<a href="#cite_note-12">[10]</a> and was a descendant of Chief Louis Vieux.<a href="#cite_note-13">[11]</a> Thorpe was raised in the Sauk, or <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A2k%C3%AEwaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Thâkîwaki">Thâkîwaki</a>, culture,<a href="#cite_note-ohs-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[13]</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Sauk_language" title="Sauk language">Sauk</a> name was Wa-Tho-Huk, which translates as "Bright path the lightning makes as it goes across the sky",<a href="#cite_note-museum-4">[2]</a> often shortened to "Bright Path".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004129-5">[3]</a> Thorpe's parents were both Roman Catholic, a faith which Thorpe observed throughout his adult life.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004131-16">[14]</a> Thorpe attended the Sac and Fox Indian Agency School in <a href="/wiki/Stroud,_Oklahoma" title="Stroud, Oklahoma">Stroud</a>, with his twin brother, Charlie. Charlie helped him through school until he died of <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a> when they were nine years old.<a href="#cite_note-museum-4">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-cgm-17">[15]</a> Thorpe <a href="/wiki/Truancy" title="Truancy">ran away</a> from school several times. His father sent him to the <a href="/wiki/Haskell_Indian_Nations_University" title="Haskell Indian Nations University">Haskell Institute</a>, an <a href="/wiki/American_Indian_boarding_schools" title="American Indian boarding schools">Indian boarding school</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lawrence,_Kansas" title="Lawrence, Kansas">Lawrence, Kansas</a>, so that he would not run away again.<a href="#cite_note-Oly30-18">[16]</a> When Thorpe's mother died of childbirth complications two years later,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoxie1996628-19">[17]</a> he became depressed. After several arguments with his father, he left home to work on a horse ranch.<a href="#cite_note-Oly30-18">[16]</a> In 1904, the 16-year-old Thorpe returned to his father and decided to attend <a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Indian_Industrial_School" title="Carlisle Indian Industrial School">Carlisle Indian Industrial School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Carlisle,_Pennsylvania" title="Carlisle, Pennsylvania">Carlisle, Pennsylvania</a>. There his athletic ability was recognized and he was coached by <a href="/wiki/Pop_Warner" title="Pop Warner">Glenn Scobey "Pop" Warner</a>, one of the most influential coaches of early American football history.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-20">[18]</a> Later that year he was orphaned when his father Hiram Thorpe died from <a href="/wiki/Gangrene" title="Gangrene">gangrene</a> poisoning, after being wounded in a hunting accident.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoxie1996628-19">[17]</a> The young Thorpe again dropped out of school. He resumed farm work for a few years before returning to Carlisle School.<a href="#cite_note-Oly30-18">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Amateur_career">Amateur career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Amateur career">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="College_career">College career</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: College career">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Thorpe_1912.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Closeup of Thorpe looking up to the sky" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Jim_Thorpe_1912.jpg/220px-Jim_Thorpe_1912.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Jim_Thorpe_1912.jpg/330px-Jim_Thorpe_1912.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Jim_Thorpe_1912.jpg/440px-Jim_Thorpe_1912.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1520" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Thorpe in 1912</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Glenn_Warner,_Jim_Thorpe_tackling_a_dummy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Glenn_Warner%2C_Jim_Thorpe_tackling_a_dummy.jpg/220px-Glenn_Warner%2C_Jim_Thorpe_tackling_a_dummy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Glenn_Warner%2C_Jim_Thorpe_tackling_a_dummy.jpg/330px-Glenn_Warner%2C_Jim_Thorpe_tackling_a_dummy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Glenn_Warner%2C_Jim_Thorpe_tackling_a_dummy.jpg/440px-Glenn_Warner%2C_Jim_Thorpe_tackling_a_dummy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="482" /></a><figcaption>Thorpe tackling a dummy that is made of weights and pulley on wire, with Coach Warner, 1912</figcaption></figure> Thorpe began his athletic career at Carlisle in 1907 when he walked past the track and, still in street clothes, beat all the school's <a href="/wiki/High_jump" title="High jump">high jumpers</a> with an impromptu 5-ft 9-in jump.<a href="#cite_note-bookrag-21">[19]</a> His earliest recorded track and field results come from 1907. He also competed in football, baseball, <a href="/wiki/Field_lacrosse" title="Field lacrosse">lacrosse</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ballroom_dancing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballroom dancing">ballroom dancing</a>, winning the 1912 intercollegiate ballroom dancing championship.<a href="#cite_note-museum-4">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-SI2004-22">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Scobey_Warner" class="mw-redirect" title="Glenn Scobey Warner">Pop Warner</a> was hesitant to allow Thorpe, his best track and field athlete, to compete in such a physical game as football.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJeansonneLuhrssen200660-23">[21]</a> Thorpe, however, convinced Warner to let him try some rushing plays in practice against the school team's defense; Warner assumed he would be tackled easily and give up the idea.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJeansonneLuhrssen200660-23">[21]</a> Thorpe "ran around past and through them not once, but twice".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJeansonneLuhrssen200660-23">[21]</a> He walked over to Warner and said, "Nobody is going to tackle Jim", while flipping him the ball.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJeansonneLuhrssen200660-23">[21]</a> Thorpe first gained nationwide notice in 1911 for his athletic ability.<a href="#cite_note-Redskin-24">[22]</a> As a <a href="/wiki/Running_back" title="Running back">running back</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defensive_back" title="Defensive back">defensive back</a>, <a href="/wiki/Placekicker" title="Placekicker">placekicker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Punter_(football_position)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punter (football position)">punter</a>, Thorpe scored all of his team's four field goals in an 18–15 upset of <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_football" title="Harvard Crimson football">Harvard</a>, a top-ranked team in the early days of the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association#History" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">National Collegiate Athletic Association</a> (NCAA).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJeansonneLuhrssen200660-23">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-NCAAHarvard-25">[23]</a> His team finished the season 11–1. In 1912, Carlisle won the national collegiate championship largely as a result of Thorpe's efforts: he scored 25 <a href="/wiki/Touchdown" title="Touchdown">touchdowns</a> and 198 points during the season, according to <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>'s Greg Botelho.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-20">[18]</a> Steve Boda, a researcher for the NCAA, credits Thorpe with 27 touchdowns and 224 points. Thorpe rushed 191 times for 1,869 yards, according to Boda; the figures do not include statistics from two of Carlisle's 14 games in 1912 because full records are not available.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012151-26">[24]</a> Carlisle's 1912 record included a 27–6 victory over the West Point <a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy" title="United States Military Academy">Army team</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> In that game, Thorpe's 92-yard touchdown was nullified by a teammate's penalty, but on the next play Thorpe rushed for a 97-yard touchdown.<a href="#cite_note-usoc-27">[25]</a> Future President <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>, who played against him in that game, recalled of Thorpe in a 1961 speech: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"> Here and there, there are some people who are supremely endowed. My memory goes back to Jim Thorpe. He never practiced in his life, and he could do anything better than any other football player I ever saw.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-20">[18]</a> </blockquote> Thorpe was a third-team <a href="/wiki/College_Football_All-America_Team" title="College Football All-America Team">All-American</a> in 1908<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECook201142-28">[26]</a> and a first-team All-American in 1911 and 1912.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> Football was – and remained – Thorpe's favorite sport.<a href="#cite_note-29">[27]</a> He did not compete in track and field in 1910 or 1911,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012113-30">[28]</a> although this turned out to be the sport in which he gained his greatest fame.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> <blockquote>In the spring of 1912, he started training for the Olympics. He had confined his efforts to jumps, hurdles and shot-puts, but now added pole vaulting, javelin, discus, hammer and 56 lb weight. In the Olympic trials held at Celtic Park in New York, his all-round ability stood out in all these events and so he earned a place on the team that went to Sweden.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a></blockquote> The poet <a href="/wiki/Marianne_Moore" title="Marianne Moore">Marianne Moore</a>, who taught Thorpe at Carlisle, recalled:<blockquote> He had a kind of ease in his gait that is hard to describe. Equilibrium with no stricture, but couched in the lineup of football he was the epitome of concentration, wary, with an effect of plenty in reserve.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaraniss2022147-31">[29]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Olympic_career">Olympic career</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Olympic career">edit</a>]</div> For the <a href="/wiki/1912_Summer_Olympics" title="1912 Summer Olympics">1912 Summer Olympics</a> in Stockholm, Sweden, two new multi-event disciplines were included, the <a href="/wiki/Pentathlon" title="Pentathlon">pentathlon</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Decathlon" title="Decathlon">decathlon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012112-32">[30]</a> A pentathlon, based on the ancient Greek event, had been introduced at the <a href="/wiki/1906_Intercalated_Games" title="1906 Intercalated Games">1906 Intercalated Games</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZarnowski2013150-33">[31]</a> The 1912 version consisted of the <a href="/wiki/Long_jump" title="Long jump">long jump</a>, <a href="/wiki/Javelin_throw" title="Javelin throw">javelin throw</a>, 200-meter dash, <a href="/wiki/Discus_throw" title="Discus throw">discus throw</a>, and 1500-meter run.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012112-32">[30]</a> The decathlon was a relatively new event in modern athletics, although a similar competition known as the all-around championship had been part of American track meets since the 1880s. A <a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1904_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_all-around" title="Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's all-around">men's version</a> had been featured on the program of the <a href="/wiki/1904_Summer_Olympics" title="1904 Summer Olympics">1904 St. Louis Olympics</a>. The events of the new decathlon differed slightly from the American version.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZarnowski200529–30,_240-34">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[33]</a> Thorpe was so versatile that he served as Carlisle's one-man team in several track meets.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> According to his obituary in <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, he could run the 100-yard dash in 10 seconds flat; the 220 in 21.8 seconds; the 440 in 51.8 seconds; the 880 in 1:57, the mile in 4:35; the 120-yard high hurdles in 15 seconds; and the 220-yard low hurdles in 24 seconds.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> He could long jump 23 ft 6 in and high-jump 6 ft 5 in.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> He could <a href="/wiki/Pole_vault" title="Pole vault">pole vault</a> 11 feet; <a href="/wiki/Shot_put" title="Shot put">put the shot</a> 47 ft 9 in; <a href="/wiki/Javelin_throw" title="Javelin throw">throw the javelin</a> 163 feet; and throw the <a href="/wiki/Discus_throw" title="Discus throw">discus</a> 136 feet.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> Thorpe entered the U.S. Olympic trials for both the pentathlon and the decathlon. He easily earned a place on the pentathlon team, winning three events. The decathlon trial was subsequently cancelled, and Thorpe was chosen to represent the U.S. in the event.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012114-36">[34]</a> The pentathlon and decathlon teams also included <a href="/wiki/Avery_Brundage" title="Avery Brundage">Avery Brundage</a>, a future <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> president.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFindlingPelle2004473–474-37">[35]</a> Thorpe was extremely busy in the Olympics. Along with the decathlon and pentathlon, he competed in the long jump and high jump.<a href="#cite_note-38">[36]</a> The first competition was the pentathlon on July 7.<a href="#cite_note-sr-39">[37]</a> He won four of the five events and placed third in the javelin,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012127–128-40">[38]</a> an event he had not competed in before 1912.<a href="#cite_note-recognized-41">[39]</a> Although the pentathlon was primarily decided on place points, points were also earned for the marks achieved in the individual events. Thorpe won the gold medal.<a href="#cite_note-42">[40]</a> That same day, he qualified for the high jump final, in which he finished in a tie for fourth. On July 12, Thorpe placed seventh in the long jump.<a href="#cite_note-sr-39">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[41]</a> Thorpe's final event was the decathlon, his first (and as it turned out, his only) decathlon.<a href="#cite_note-sr-39">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[42]</a> Strong competition from local favorite <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Wieslander" title="Hugo Wieslander">Hugo Wieslander</a> was expected.<a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a> Thorpe, however, defeated Wieslander by 688 points.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012130-46">[44]</a> He placed in the top four in all ten events, and his Olympic record of 8,413 points stood for nearly two decades.<a href="#cite_note-bookrag-21">[19]</a> Even more remarkably, because someone had stolen his shoes just before he was due to compete, he found a mismatched pair of replacements, including one from a trash can, and won the gold medal wearing them.<a href="#cite_note-47">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodge2013145-48">[46]</a> Overall, Thorpe won eight of the 15 individual events comprising the pentathlon and decathlon.<a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a> As was the custom of the day, the medals were presented to the athletes during the closing ceremonies of the games. Along with the two gold medals, Thorpe also received two challenge prizes, which had been donated by King <a href="/wiki/Gustaf_V" title="Gustaf V">Gustav V of Sweden</a> for the decathlon and Czar <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas II of Russia">Nicholas II of Russia</a> for the pentathlon. Several sources recount that, when awarding Thorpe his prize, King Gustav said, "You, sir, are the greatest athlete in the world", to which Thorpe replied, "Thanks, King".<a href="#cite_note-Flatter-50">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a> Thorpe biographer Kate Buford suggests that the story is <a href="/wiki/Apocrypha#Metaphorical_usage" title="Apocrypha">apocryphal</a>, as she believes that such a comment "would have been out of character for a man who was highly uncomfortable in public ceremonies and hated to stand out."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012131-52">[50]</a> The anecdote appeared in newspapers by 1948, 36 years after his appearance in the Olympics and time for myth making,<a href="#cite_note-53">[51]</a> and in books as early as 1952.<a href="#cite_note-54">[52]</a> Thorpe's successes were followed in the United States. On the Olympic team's return, Thorpe was the star attraction in a <a href="/wiki/Ticker-tape_parade" title="Ticker-tape parade">ticker-tape parade</a> on <a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Flatter-50">[48]</a> He remembered later, "I heard people yelling my name, and I couldn't realize how one fellow could have so many friends."<a href="#cite_note-Flatter-50">[48]</a> Apart from his track and field appearances, Thorpe also played in one of two exhibition <a href="/wiki/Baseball_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics" title="Baseball at the 1912 Summer Olympics">baseball games at the 1912 Olympics</a>, which featured two teams composed mostly of U.S. track and field athletes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECava19928–9-55">[53]</a> Thorpe had previous experience in the sport, as the public soon learned.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012158–161-56">[54]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 281.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 279.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_with_Admirers_-_NARA_-_595392.tif" class="mw-file-description" title="Thorpe shaking hands with Moses Friedman while Glenn "Pop" Warner (left), Lewis Tewanima (center), and a crowd look on"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_with_Admirers_-_NARA_-_595392.tif/lossy-page1-419px-Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_with_Admirers_-_NARA_-_595392.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_with_Admirers_-_NARA_-_595392.tif/lossy-page1-628px-Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_with_Admirers_-_NARA_-_595392.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_with_Admirers_-_NARA_-_595392.tif/lossy-page1-837px-Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_with_Admirers_-_NARA_-_595392.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2151" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Thorpe shaking hands with <a href="/wiki/Moses_Friedman" title="Moses Friedman">Moses Friedman</a> while <a href="/wiki/Pop_Warner" title="Pop Warner">Glenn "Pop" Warner</a> (left), <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Tewanima" title="Lewis Tewanima">Lewis Tewanima</a> (center), and a crowd look on</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 105.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 103.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Thorpe.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thorpe in Carlisle Indian Industrial School uniform, c. 1909"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Jim_Thorpe.jpg/155px-Jim_Thorpe.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Jim_Thorpe.jpg/233px-Jim_Thorpe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Jim_Thorpe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="580" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Thorpe in <a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Indian_Industrial_School" title="Carlisle Indian Industrial School">Carlisle Indian Industrial School</a> uniform, c. 1909</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_-_NARA_-_595347.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thorpe, c. 1910"><img alt="Thorpe crouching and looking to the right" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_-_NARA_-_595347.jpg/201px-Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_-_NARA_-_595347.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_-_NARA_-_595347.jpg/301px-Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_-_NARA_-_595347.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_-_NARA_-_595347.jpg/401px-Photograph_of_Jim_Thorpe_-_NARA_-_595347.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2008" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Thorpe, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1910</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Thorpe,_1912_Summer_Olympics.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thorpe at the 1912 Summer Olympics"><img alt="Thorpe standing, wearing a United States Olympic jersey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Jim_Thorpe%2C_1912_Summer_Olympics.jpg/195px-Jim_Thorpe%2C_1912_Summer_Olympics.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Jim_Thorpe%2C_1912_Summer_Olympics.jpg/292px-Jim_Thorpe%2C_1912_Summer_Olympics.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Jim_Thorpe%2C_1912_Summer_Olympics.jpg/390px-Jim_Thorpe%2C_1912_Summer_Olympics.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1581" data-file-height="2433" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Thorpe at the <a href="/wiki/1912_Summer_Olympics" title="1912 Summer Olympics">1912 Summer Olympics</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="All-Around_champion">All-Around champion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: All-Around champion">edit</a>]</div> After his victories at the Olympic Games in Sweden, on September 2, 1912, Thorpe returned to Celtic Park, the home of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_American_Athletic_Club" title="Irish American Athletic Club">Irish American Athletic Club</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a>, New York (where he had qualified four months earlier for the Olympic Games), to compete in the <a href="/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union" title="Amateur Athletic Union">Amateur Athletic Union</a>'s All-Around Championship. Competing against <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Brodd" title="Bruno Brodd">Bruno Brodd</a> of the Irish American Athletic Club and <a href="/wiki/John_L._Bredemus" title="John L. Bredemus">John L. Bredemus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>, he won seven of the ten events contested and came in second in the remaining three. With a total point score of 7,476 points, Thorpe broke the previous record of 7,385 points set in 1909 (also at Celtic Park), by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Sheridan" title="Martin Sheridan">Martin Sheridan</a>, the champion athlete of the Irish American Athletic Club.<a href="#cite_note-57">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[56]</a> Sheridan, a five-time Olympic gold medalist, was present to watch his record broken. He approached Thorpe after the event and shook his hand saying, "Jim, my boy, you're a great man. I never expect to look upon a finer athlete." He told a reporter from <a href="/wiki/New_York_World" title="New York World">New York World</a>, "Thorpe is the greatest athlete that ever lived. He has me beaten fifty ways. Even when I was in my prime, I could not do what he did today."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWheeler1979118-59">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversy">Controversy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Controversy">edit</a>]</div> In 1912, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games#Amateurism_and_professionalism" title="Olympic Games">strict rules</a> regarding <a href="/wiki/Amateur_sports" title="Amateur sports">amateurism</a> were in effect for athletes participating in the Olympics. Athletes who received money prizes for competitions, were sports teachers, or had competed previously against professionals, were not considered amateurs. They were barred from competition.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012121-60">[58]</a> In late January 1913, the <a href="/wiki/Worcester_Telegram" class="mw-redirect" title="Worcester Telegram">Worcester Telegram</a> reported that Thorpe had played semi-professional baseball before the Olympics, and other U.S. newspapers followed up the story.<a href="#cite_note-Flatter-50">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[59]</a> Thorpe had played semi-professional baseball in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Carolina_League" title="Eastern Carolina League">Eastern Carolina League</a> for <a href="/wiki/Rocky_Mount,_North_Carolina" title="Rocky Mount, North Carolina">Rocky Mount, North Carolina</a>, in 1909 and 1910, receiving meager pay; reportedly as little as US$2 ($65 today) per game and as much as US$35 ($1,145 today) per week.<a href="#cite_note-Anderson-62">[60]</a> College players, in fact, regularly spent summers playing professionally in order to earn some money, but most used aliases, unlike Thorpe.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-20">[18]</a> Although the public did not seem to care much about Thorpe's past,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchafferSmith200050-63">[61]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union" title="Amateur Athletic Union">Amateur Athletic Union</a> (AAU), and especially its secretary <a href="/wiki/James_Edward_Sullivan" title="James Edward Sullivan">James Edward Sullivan</a>, took the case very seriously.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchafferSmith200040-64">[62]</a> Thorpe wrote a letter to Sullivan, in which he admitted playing professional baseball:<a href="#cite_note-Flatter-50">[48]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">I hope I will be partly excused by the fact that I was simply an Indian schoolboy and did not know all about such things. In fact, I did not know that I was doing wrong, because I was doing what I knew several other college men had done, except that they did not use their own names ...</blockquote> His letter did not help.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012161-65">[63]</a> The AAU decided to withdraw Thorpe's amateur status retroactively.<a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a> Later that year, the <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> (IOC) unanimously decided to <a href="/wiki/List_of_stripped_Olympic_medals" title="List of stripped Olympic medals">strip</a> Thorpe of his Olympic titles, medals and awards, and declare him a professional.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012167-67">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuirk201442-69">[67]</a> Although Thorpe had played for money, the AAU and IOC did not follow their own rules for disqualification. The rulebook for the 1912 Olympics stated that protests had to be made "within 30 days from the closing ceremonies of the games."<a href="#cite_note-usoc-27">[25]</a> The first newspaper reports did not appear until January 1913, about six months after the Stockholm Games had concluded.<a href="#cite_note-usoc-27">[25]</a> There is also some evidence that Thorpe was known to have played semi-professional baseball before the Olympics, but the AAU had ignored the issue until being confronted with it in 1913.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012162-70">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyreson1998171-71">[69]</a> The only positive aspect of this affair for Thorpe was that, as soon as the news was reported that he had been declared a professional, he received offers from professional sports clubs.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERendell200460-72">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_career">Professional career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Professional career">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baseball">Baseball</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Baseball">edit</a>]</div> In 1910, Thorpe had the unusual status of a sought-after <a href="/wiki/Free_agent" title="Free agent">free agent</a> at the major league level during the era of the <a href="/wiki/Reserve_clause" title="Reserve clause">reserve clause</a>, because the minor league team that last held his contract had disbanded that year, so he was free to choose which baseball team to play for.<a href="#cite_note-73">[71]</a> In January 1913, he turned down a starting position with the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Browns" title="St. Louis Browns">St. Louis Browns</a>, then at <a href="/wiki/1912_St._Louis_Browns_season" title="1912 St. Louis Browns season">the bottom of the American League</a>. Thorpe signed with the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(baseball)" title="New York Giants (baseball)">New York Giants</a> baseball club in 1913, the defending <a href="/wiki/1912_New_York_Giants_season" title="1912 New York Giants season">1912 National League champion</a>. With Thorpe playing in 19 of their 151 games, they repeated as the <a href="/wiki/1913_New_York_Giants_season" title="1913 New York Giants season">1913 National League champions</a>. Immediately following the Giants' October loss in the <a href="/wiki/1913_World_Series" title="1913 World Series">1913 World Series</a>, Thorpe and the Giants joined the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">Chicago White Sox</a> for a world tour.<a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a> <a href="/wiki/Barnstorming_(sports)" title="Barnstorming (sports)">Barnstorming</a> across the United States and around the world, Thorpe was the celebrity of the tour.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElfers2003210-75">[73]</a> Thorpe's presence increased the publicity, attendance and <a href="/wiki/Gate_receipts" title="Gate receipts">gate receipts</a> for the tour.<a href="#cite_note-tour-76">[74]</a> He met with <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_X" title="Pope Pius X">Pope Pius X</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abbas_II_of_Egypt" title="Abbas II of Egypt">Abbas II Hilmi Bey</a> (the last <a href="/wiki/Khedive_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Khedive of Egypt">Khedive of Egypt</a>), and played before 20,000 people in London including <a href="/wiki/George_V_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George V of the United Kingdom">King George V</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tour-76">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEElfers2003185–187,_233-77">[75]</a> Thorpe was the last man to compete in both the Olympics (in a non-baseball sport) and <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> before <a href="/wiki/Eddy_Alvarez" title="Eddy Alvarez">Eddy Alvarez</a> did the same in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-78">[76]</a> Thorpe played sporadically with the Giants as an outfielder for three seasons. After playing in the minor leagues with the <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Brewers_(minor_league_baseball_team)" class="mw-redirect" title="Milwaukee Brewers (minor league baseball team)">Milwaukee Brewers</a> in 1916,<a href="#cite_note-79">[77]</a> he returned to the Giants in 1917. He was sold to the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a> early in the season. In the "double <a href="/wiki/No-hitter" title="No-hitter">no-hitter</a>" between <a href="/wiki/Fred_Toney" title="Fred Toney">Fred Toney</a> of the Reds and <a href="/wiki/Hippo_Vaughn" title="Hippo Vaughn">Hippo Vaughn</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Cubs" title="Chicago Cubs">Chicago Cubs</a>, Thorpe drove in the winning run in the 10th inning.<a href="#cite_note-80">[78]</a> Late in the season, he was sold back to the Giants. Again, he played sporadically for them in 1918 before being traded to the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Braves_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Braves (baseball)">Boston Braves</a> on May 21, 1919, for <a href="/wiki/Pat_Ragan" title="Pat Ragan">Pat Ragan</a>. In his career, he amassed 91 <a href="/wiki/Runs_scored" class="mw-redirect" title="Runs scored">runs scored</a>, 82 <a href="/wiki/Runs_batted_in" class="mw-redirect" title="Runs batted in">runs batted in</a> and a .252 <a href="/wiki/Batting_average_(baseball)" title="Batting average (baseball)">batting average</a> over 289 games.<a href="#cite_note-81">[79]</a> He continued to play <a href="/wiki/Minor_league_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor league baseball">minor league baseball</a> until 1922,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012232-82">[80]</a> and once played for the minor league <a href="/wiki/Toledo_Mud_Hens" title="Toledo Mud Hens">Toledo Mud Hens</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Football">edit</a>]</div> Thorpe had not abandoned football either. He first played professional football in 1913 as a member of the Indiana-based <a href="/wiki/Pine_Village,_Indiana#Professional_football" title="Pine Village, Indiana">Pine Village Pros</a>, a team that had a several-season winning streak against local teams during the 1910s.<a href="#cite_note-84">[82]</a> He signed with the <a href="/wiki/Canton_Bulldogs" title="Canton Bulldogs">Canton Bulldogs</a> in 1915. They paid him $250 ($7,530) a game, a tremendous wage at the time.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeftCohenKorch199418-85">[83]</a> Before signing him Canton was averaging 1,200 fans a game, but 8,000 showed up for Thorpe's debut against the <a href="/wiki/Massillon_Tigers" title="Massillon Tigers">Massillon Tigers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeftCohenKorch199418-85">[83]</a> The team won titles in 1916, 1917, and 1919. Thorpe reportedly ended the 1919 championship game by kicking a wind-assisted 95-yard punt from his team's own 5-yard line, effectively putting the game out of reach.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeftCohenKorch199418-85">[83]</a> In 1920, the Bulldogs were one of 14 teams to form the <a href="/wiki/American_Professional_Football_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="American Professional Football Association">American Professional Football Association</a>, which became the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (NFL) two years later. Thorpe was nominally <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_NFL_Commissioner#Jim_Thorpe_(1920–1921)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the NFL Commissioner">their first president</a>, but spent most of the year playing for Canton; a year later, he was replaced as president by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Carr" title="Joseph Carr">Joseph Carr</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeftCohenKorch199420-86">[84]</a> He continued to play for Canton, coaching the team as well. Between 1921 and 1923, he helped organize and played for the <a href="/wiki/Oorang_Indians" title="Oorang Indians">Oorang Indians</a> (<a href="/wiki/LaRue,_Ohio" title="LaRue, Ohio">LaRue, Ohio</a>), an all-Native American team.<a href="#cite_note-87">[85]</a> Although the team's record was 3–6 in 1922,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeftCohenKorch199434-88">[86]</a> and 1–10 in 1923,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeftCohenKorch199440-89">[87]</a> Thorpe played well and was selected for the <a href="/wiki/Green_Bay_Press-Gazette" title="Green Bay Press-Gazette">Green Bay Press-Gazette</a>'s first All-NFL team in 1923. This was later formally recognized in 1931 by the NFL as the league's official All-NFL team.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENeftCohenKorch199441-90">[88]</a> Thorpe never played for an NFL championship team. He retired from professional football at age 41,<a href="#cite_note-cgm-17">[15]</a> having played 52 games for six teams from 1920 to 1928.<a href="#cite_note-91">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basketball">Basketball</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Basketball">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Thorpe_WFI_PC_front_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Thorpe holding a basketball wearing a World Famous Indians jersey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Jim_Thorpe_WFI_PC_front_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="328" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="328" /></a><figcaption>Thorpe with a basketball, 1927</figcaption></figure> Most of Thorpe's biographers were unaware of his basketball career until a ticket that documented his time in professional basketball was discovered in an old book in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-ticket-92">[90]</a> By 1926, he was the main feature of the <a href="/wiki/World_Famous_Indians" title="World Famous Indians">World Famous Indians</a> of <a href="/wiki/LaRue,_Ohio" title="LaRue, Ohio">LaRue, Ohio</a>, a traveling basketball team.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012253–254-93">[91]</a> The team barnstormed for at least two years (1927–28) in multiple states.<a href="#cite_note-ticket-92">[90]</a> Although stories about Thorpe's team were published in some local newspapers at the time, his basketball career is not well-documented.<a href="#cite_note-94">[92]</a> For a brief time in 1913, he was considering going into professional <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">hockey</a> for the Tecumseh Hockey Club in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Ontario, Canada.<a href="#cite_note-95">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marriage_and_family">Marriage and family</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Marriage and family">edit</a>]</div> Thorpe married three times and had a total of eight children. In 1913, Thorpe married Iva M. Miller,<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> whom he had met at Carlisle. In 1917, Iva and Thorpe bought a house now known as the <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe_House" title="Jim Thorpe House">Jim Thorpe House</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yale,_Oklahoma" title="Yale, Oklahoma">Yale, Oklahoma</a>, and lived there until 1923.<a href="#cite_note-96">[94]</a> They had four children: James F., Gale, Charlotte, and <a href="/wiki/Grace_Thorpe" title="Grace Thorpe">Grace Frances</a>, an environmentalist and Native rights activist.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Grace:4-97">[95]</a> Miller filed for divorce from Thorpe in 1925, claiming desertion.<a href="#cite_note-98">[96]</a> In 1926, Thorpe married Freeda Verona Kirkpatrick (September 19, 1905 – March 2, 2007). She was working for the manager of the baseball team for which he was playing at the time.<a href="#cite_note-Freeda-99">[97]</a> They had four sons: Phillip, William, Richard, and John Thorpe.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> Kirkpatrick divorced Thorpe in 1941, after they had been married for 15 years.<a href="#cite_note-Freeda-99">[97]</a> Lastly, Thorpe married Patricia Gladys Askew on June 2, 1945.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> She was with him when he died.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012366-100">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life,_film_career,_and_death">Later life, film career, and death</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Later life, film career, and death">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tomb_of_Jim_Thorpe_b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A brick tomb of Jim Thorpe inscribed with depictions of his career and the quote from King Gustav V" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tomb_of_Jim_Thorpe_b.jpg/220px-Tomb_of_Jim_Thorpe_b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tomb_of_Jim_Thorpe_b.jpg/330px-Tomb_of_Jim_Thorpe_b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tomb_of_Jim_Thorpe_b.jpg/440px-Tomb_of_Jim_Thorpe_b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4299" data-file-height="3070" /></a><figcaption>Tomb of Jim Thorpe</figcaption></figure> After his athletic career, Thorpe struggled to provide for his family. He found it difficult to work a non-sports-related job and never held a job for an extended period of time. During the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> in particular, he had various jobs, among others as a movie actor, mostly as an <a href="/wiki/Extra_(drama)" class="mw-redirect" title="Extra (drama)">extra</a>, usually playing an American Indian in <a href="/wiki/Western_movie" class="mw-redirect" title="Western movie">Westerns</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004144–145-101">[99]</a> starting with the 1931 serial <a href="/wiki/Battling_with_Buffalo_Bill" title="Battling with Buffalo Bill">Battling with Buffalo Bill</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AIM-102">[100]</a> In the 1932 comedy Always Kickin', Thorpe was prominently cast in a speaking part as himself, a kicking coach teaching young football players to <a href="/wiki/Drop-kick" class="mw-redirect" title="Drop-kick">drop-kick</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004145-103">[101]</a> He played the captain of the guard in 1935's <a href="/wiki/She_(1935_film)" title="She (1935 film)">She</a>,<a href="#cite_note-104">[102]</a> an umpire in the 1940 film <a href="/wiki/Knute_Rockne,_All_American" title="Knute Rockne, All American">Knute Rockne, All American</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012313–314-105">[103]</a> and a member of the Navajo Nation in the 1950 film <a href="/wiki/Wagon_Master" title="Wagon Master">Wagon Master</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHilger2016324-106">[104]</a> An <a href="/wiki/American_Indian_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="American Indian Magazine">American Indian Magazine</a> article states Thorpe appeared in over 70 films.<a href="#cite_note-AIM-102">[100]</a> In 1931, during the Great Depression, Thorpe sold the film rights to his life story to <a href="/wiki/MGM" class="mw-redirect" title="MGM">MGM</a> for $1,500 (equivalent to $30,000 in 2023).<a href="#cite_note-inflation-US-107">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004145-103">[101]</a> <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> eventually acquired the rights and memorialized Thorpe in <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe_%E2%80%93_All-American" title="Jim Thorpe – All-American">Jim Thorpe – All-American</a> (1951), starring <a href="/wiki/Burt_Lancaster" title="Burt Lancaster">Burt Lancaster</a>. The film was directed by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Curtiz" title="Michael Curtiz">Michael Curtiz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012341,_353-108">[106]</a> Although there were rumors that Thorpe received no money, he was paid $15,000 by Warner Bros. plus a $2,500 donation toward an annuity for him by the studio's head of publicity.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012355–356-109">[107]</a> The movie included archival footage of the 1912 and 1932 Olympics.<a href="#cite_note-medal-110">[108]</a> Thorpe was seen in one scene as a coaching assistant.<a href="#cite_note-medal-110">[108]</a> It was also distributed in the United Kingdom, where it was called Man of Bronze.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2006133-111">[109]</a> Apart from his career in films, he worked as a construction worker, a <a href="/wiki/Bouncer_(doorman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bouncer (doorman)">doorman/bouncer</a>, a security guard, and a ditchdigger. He briefly joined the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Merchant_Marine" title="United States Merchant Marine">United States Merchant Marine</a> in 1945, during World War II.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004144–145-101">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-time1943-112">[110]</a> Thorpe was a chronic alcoholic during his later life.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJeansonneLuhrssen200661-113">[111]</a> He ran out of money sometime in the early 1950s. When hospitalized for lip cancer in 1950, Thorpe was admitted as a charity case.<a href="#cite_note-lip-114">[112]</a> At a press conference announcing the procedure, his wife, Patricia, wept and pleaded for help, saying, "We're broke ... Jim has nothing but his name and his memories. He has spent money on his own people and has given it away. He has often been exploited."<a href="#cite_note-lip-114">[112]</a> In early 1953, Thorpe went into <a href="/wiki/Heart_failure" title="Heart failure">heart failure</a> for the third time while dining with Patricia in their home in <a href="/wiki/Lomita,_California" title="Lomita, California">Lomita, California</a>. He was briefly revived by <a href="/wiki/Artificial_respiration" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial respiration">artificial respiration</a> and spoke to those around him, but lost consciousness shortly afterward. He died on March 28 at the age of 65.<a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-7">[5]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Victim_of_racism">Victim of racism</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Victim of racism">edit</a>]</div> Thorpe, whose parents were both mixed-race, was raised as a Native American. He accomplished his athletic feats despite the severe racial inequality of the United States. It has often been suggested that his Olympic medals were stripped by the athletic officials because of his ethnicity.<a href="#cite_note-115">[113]</a> While it is difficult to prove this, the public comment at the time largely reflected this view.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchafferSmith200050-63">[61]</a> At the time Thorpe won his gold medals, not all Native Americans were recognized as U.S. citizens (the U.S. government had frequently demanded that they make concessions to adopt European-American ways to receive such recognition). Citizenship was not granted to all American Indians until 1924.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELincolnSlagle1997282-116">[114]</a> When Thorpe attended Carlisle, the students' ethnicity was used for marketing purposes.<a href="#cite_note-Bloom-117">[115]</a> The football team was called the Indians. To create headlines, the school and journalists often portrayed sporting competitions as conflicts of Indians against whites.<a href="#cite_note-Bloom-117">[115]</a> The first notice of Thorpe in The New York Times was headlined "Indian Thorpe in Olympiad; Redskin from Carlisle Will Strive for Place on American Team."<a href="#cite_note-Redskin-24">[22]</a> Throughout his life, Thorpe's accomplishments were described in a similar racial context by other newspapers and sportswriters, which reflected the era.<a href="#cite_note-118">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Legacy">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Olympic_awards_reinstated">Olympic awards reinstated</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Olympic awards reinstated">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2018_Native_American_Dollar_Reverse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="One dollar coin depicting a headshot and two body shots of Thorpe competing. The text reads "Jim Thorpe / Wa-Tho-Huk" on top and "United States of America" on the bottom." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/2018_Native_American_Dollar_Reverse.jpg/220px-2018_Native_American_Dollar_Reverse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/2018_Native_American_Dollar_Reverse.jpg/330px-2018_Native_American_Dollar_Reverse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/2018_Native_American_Dollar_Reverse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="398" data-file-height="398" /></a><figcaption>Thorpe is featured on the reverse of the 2018 <a href="/wiki/Sacagawea_dollar" title="Sacagawea dollar">Sacagawea dollar</a>.</figcaption></figure> Over the years, supporters of Thorpe attempted to have his Olympic titles reinstated.<a href="#cite_note-119">[117]</a> American Olympic officials, including former teammate and later president of the IOC <a href="/wiki/Avery_Brundage" title="Avery Brundage">Avery Brundage</a>, rebuffed several attempts. Brundage once said, "Ignorance is no excuse."<a href="#cite_note-SI2004-22">[20]</a> Most persistent were the author Robert Wheeler and his wife, Florence Ridlon. They succeeded in having the AAU and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Olympic_%26_Paralympic_Committee" title="United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee">United States Olympic Committee</a> overturn its decision and restore Thorpe's amateur status before 1913.<a href="#cite_note-120">[118]</a> In 1982, Wheeler and Ridlon established the Jim Thorpe Foundation and gained support from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">U.S. Congress</a>. Armed with this support and evidence from 1912 proving that Thorpe's disqualification had occurred after the 30-day time period allowed by Olympics rules, they succeeded in making the case to the IOC. In October 1982, the IOC Executive Committee approved Thorpe's reinstatement.<a href="#cite_note-Anderson-62">[60]</a> In an unusual ruling, they declared that Thorpe was co-champion with <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Bie" title="Ferdinand Bie">Ferdinand Bie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Wieslander" title="Hugo Wieslander">Hugo Wieslander</a>, although both of these athletes had always said they considered Thorpe to be the only champion. In a ceremony on January 18, 1983, the IOC presented two of Thorpe's children, Gale and Bill, with commemorative medals.<a href="#cite_note-121">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-Anderson-62">[60]</a> Thorpe's original medals had been held in museums, but they were stolen and have never been recovered.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004132-122">[120]</a> The IOC listed Thorpe as a co-gold medalist.<a href="#cite_note-recognized-41">[39]</a> In July 2020, a petition from Bright Path Strong<a href="#cite_note-123">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[122]</a> began circulating that called upon the IOC to reinstate Thorpe as the sole winner in his events in the 1912 Olympics. It was backed by Pictureworks Entertainment, which is making a film about Thorpe. The petition was supported by Olympian <a href="/wiki/Billy_Mills" title="Billy Mills">Billy Mills</a>, who won a gold medal in the 10,000 meters at the <a href="/wiki/1964_Summer_Olympics" title="1964 Summer Olympics">1964 Tokyo Games</a>.<a href="#cite_note-125">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[124]</a> The IOC voted to reinstate Thorpe as the sole winner of both events on July 14, 2022, after the National Olympic Committees of Norway and Sweden, representing Bie and Wieslander, had given their approval.<a href="#cite_note-:0-127">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honors">Honors</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Honors">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JimThorpeGoudeycard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Sports card of Jim Thorpe. In the center, he is shown from the torso up wearing his jersey." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/JimThorpeGoudeycard.jpg/170px-JimThorpeGoudeycard.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/JimThorpeGoudeycard.jpg/255px-JimThorpeGoudeycard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/JimThorpeGoudeycard.jpg/340px-JimThorpeGoudeycard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1137" data-file-height="1387" /></a><figcaption>1933 <a href="/wiki/Goudey" title="Goudey">Goudey</a> Sport Kings card of Thorpe</figcaption></figure> Thorpe's tribe, the Sac and Fox Nation, added Olympic rings to their official flag to honor him.<a href="#cite_note-ohs-14">[12]</a> Thorpe's monument, featuring the quote from Gustav V ("You, sir, are the greatest athlete in the world."), still stands near the town named for him, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe,_Pennsylvania" title="Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania">Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoxie1996628-19">[17]</a> The grave rests on mounds of soil from Thorpe's native Oklahoma and from the stadium in which he won his Olympic medals.<a href="#cite_note-129">[127]</a> Thorpe's achievements received great acclaim from sports journalists, both during his lifetime and since his death. In 1950, an <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> poll of almost 400 sportswriters and broadcasters voted Thorpe the "greatest athlete" of the first half of the 20th century.<a href="#cite_note-130">[128]</a> That same year, the <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> ranked Thorpe as the "greatest American football player" of the first half of the century.<a href="#cite_note-131">[129]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a> voters selected him for the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League_50th_Anniversary_All-Time_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="National Football League 50th Anniversary All-Time Team">NFL 50th Anniversary All-Time Team</a> in 1967.<a href="#cite_note-132">[130]</a> In 1999, the Associated Press placed him third on its list of the top athletes of the century, following <a href="/wiki/Babe_Ruth" title="Babe Ruth">Babe Ruth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan" title="Michael Jordan">Michael Jordan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-133">[131]</a> <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a> ranked Thorpe seventh on their list of best North American athletes of the century.<a href="#cite_note-134">[132]</a> Thorpe was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a> in 1963, one of seventeen players in the charter class.<a href="#cite_note-135">[133]</a> Thorpe is memorialized in the Pro Football Hall of Fame rotunda with a larger-than-life statue. He was also inducted into halls of fame for college football, American Olympic teams, and the national track and field competition.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-20">[18]</a> In 2018, Thorpe became one of the inductees in the first induction ceremony held by the <a href="/wiki/National_Native_American_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Native American Hall of Fame">National Native American Hall of Fame</a>.<a href="#cite_note-136">[134]</a> The fitness center and a hall at <a href="/wiki/Haskell_Indian_Nations_University" title="Haskell Indian Nations University">Haskell Indian Nations University</a> are named in honor of Thorpe.<a href="#cite_note-137">[135]</a> President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, as authorized by U.S. Senate Joint Resolution 73, proclaimed Monday, April 16, 1973, as "Jim Thorpe Day" to promote nationwide recognition of Thorpe's life.<a href="#cite_note-138">[136]</a> In 1986, the Jim Thorpe Association established an award with Thorpe's name. The <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe_Award" title="Jim Thorpe Award">Jim Thorpe Award</a> is given annually to the best <a href="/wiki/Defensive_back" title="Defensive back">defensive back</a> in <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">college football</a>. The annual <a href="/wiki/Thorpe_Cup" title="Thorpe Cup">Thorpe Cup</a> athletics meeting is named in his honor.<a href="#cite_note-139">[137]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Postal_Service" title="United States Postal Service">United States Postal Service</a> issued a 32¢ stamp on February 3, 1998, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Celebrate_the_Century" title="Celebrate the Century">Celebrate the Century</a> stamp sheet series.<a href="#cite_note-140">[138]</a> In a poll of sports fans published in 2000 by <a href="/wiki/ESPN_on_ABC" title="ESPN on ABC">ABC Sports</a>, Thorpe was voted the Greatest Athlete of the Twentieth Century; the pool of 15 other top athletes included <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pel%C3%A9" title="Pelé">Pelé</a>, Babe Ruth, <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Owens" title="Jesse Owens">Jesse Owens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gretzky" title="Wayne Gretzky">Wayne Gretzky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Nicklaus" title="Jack Nicklaus">Jack Nicklaus</a>, and Michael Jordan.<a href="#cite_note-141">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[140]</a> In 2018, Thorpe was honored on the <a href="/wiki/Sacagawea_dollar" title="Sacagawea dollar">Native American dollar</a> coin;<a href="#cite_note-143">[141]</a> proposed designs were released in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-144">[142]</a> In 2024, President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> announced that Thorpe would be awarded the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a>, the highest civilian honor given in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-145">[143]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jim_Thorpe,_Pennsylvania">Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Thorpe_Statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Statue of Jim Thorpe dashing while carrying a football in front of a group of trees" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Jim_Thorpe_Statue.jpg/170px-Jim_Thorpe_Statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Jim_Thorpe_Statue.jpg/255px-Jim_Thorpe_Statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Jim_Thorpe_Statue.jpg/340px-Jim_Thorpe_Statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>One of the two statues of Thorpe located in Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania</figcaption></figure> After Thorpe's funeral was held at St. Benedict's Catholic Church in Shawnee, Oklahoma,<a href="#cite_note-146">[144]</a> his body lay in state at Fairview Cemetery. Residents had paid to have it returned to Shawnee by train from California.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012367–369-147">[145]</a> The people began a fund-raising effort to erect a memorial for Thorpe at the town's athletic park. Local officials had asked state legislators for funding, but a bill that included $25,000 for their proposal was vetoed by Governor <a href="/wiki/Johnston_Murray" title="Johnston Murray">Johnston Murray</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWheeler1979228–229-148">[146]</a> Meanwhile, Thorpe's third wife, unbeknownst to the rest of his family, took Thorpe's body and had it shipped to Pennsylvania when she heard that the small Pennsylvania towns of <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe,_Pennsylvania" title="Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania">Mauch Chunk and East Mauch Chunk</a> were seeking to attract business.<a href="#cite_note-wsj-149">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[148]</a> She made a deal with officials which, according to Thorpe's son Jack, was made by the widowed Patricia for monetary considerations.<a href="#cite_note-151">[149]</a> The towns "bought" Thorpe's remains, erected a monument to him at the grave, merged, and renamed the newly united town in his honor as <a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe,_Pennsylvania" title="Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania">Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania</a>. Thorpe had never been there.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004148-152">[150]</a> The monument site contains his tomb,<a href="#cite_note-body-153">[151]</a> two statues of him in athletic poses,<a href="#cite_note-154">[152]</a> and historical markers recounting his life story.<a href="#cite_note-155">[153]</a> In June 2010, Jack Thorpe filed a federal lawsuit against the borough of Jim Thorpe, seeking to have his father's remains returned to his homeland and re-interred near other family members in Oklahoma. Citing the <a href="/wiki/Native_American_Graves_Protection_and_Repatriation_Act" title="Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act">Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act</a>, Jack was arguing to bring his father's remains to the reservation in Oklahoma, to be buried near those of his father, sisters and brother, a mile from the place he was born. He claimed that the agreement between his stepmother and Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania, borough officials was made against the wishes of other family members, who want him buried in Native American land.<a href="#cite_note-156">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[155]</a> Jack Thorpe died at 73 on February 22, 2011.<a href="#cite_note-158">[156]</a> In April 2013, U.S. District Judge Richard Caputo ruled that Jim Thorpe borough amounts to a museum under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act ("NAGPRA"), and therefore is bound by that law. A lawyer for Bill and Richard Thorpe said the men would pursue the legal process to have their father's remains returned to Sac and Fox land in central Oklahoma.<a href="#cite_note-159">[157]</a> On October 23, 2014, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Third_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit</a> reversed Judge Caputo's ruling. The appeals court held that Jim Thorpe borough is not a "museum", as that term is used in NAGPRA, and that the plaintiffs therefore could not invoke that federal statute to seek reinterment of Thorpe's remains.<a href="#cite_note-body-153">[151]</a> In NAGPRA language, "'museum' means any institution or State or local government agency (including any institution of higher learning) that receives Federal funds and has possession of, or control over, Native American cultural items."<a href="#cite_note-160">[158]</a> The Court of Appeals directed the trial court to enter a judgment in favor of the borough.<a href="#cite_note-body-153">[151]</a> The appeals court said Pennsylvania law allows the plaintiffs to ask a state court to order reburial of Thorpe's remains, but noted, "once a body is interred there is great reluctance in permitting same to be moved, absent clear and compelling reasons for such a move."<a href="#cite_note-161">[159]</a> On October 5, 2015, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">United States Supreme Court</a> refused to hear the matter, effectively bringing the legal process to an end.<a href="#cite_note-162">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jim_Thorpe_Marathon">Jim Thorpe Marathon</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Jim Thorpe Marathon">edit</a>]</div> The Jim Thorpe Area Running Festival is a series of races started in 2019 in Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania. It includes a marathon, a 26.2 mile footrace that features a steady elevation drop from start to finish.<a href="#cite_note-163">[161]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> Then part of <a href="/wiki/Indian_Territory" title="Indian Territory">Indian Territory</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> He served as the NFL temporary secretary. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inline_citations">Inline citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Inline citations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Cook. p. 115. </li> <li id="cite_note-museum-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-museum_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-museum_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-museum_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-museum_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-museum_4-4">e</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oklahomasportshalloffame.org/jim-thorpe-museum">"Jim Thorpe History"</a>. Jim Thorpe Museum. Oklahoma Sports Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 15, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jim+Thorpe+Museum&rft.atitle=Jim+Thorpe+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foklahomasportshalloffame.org%2Fjim-thorpe-museum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004129-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004129_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004129_5-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004">O'Hanlon-Lincoln 2004</a>, p. 129. </li> <li id="cite_note-BD-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BD_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BD_6-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGolus2012" class="citation book cs1">Golus, Carrie (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FIWXAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA4">Jim Thorpe</a> (Revised ed.). Twenty-First Century Books. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4677-0397-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4677-0397-0"><bdi>978-1-4677-0397-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jim+Thorpe&rft.pages=4&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Twenty-First+Century+Books&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-4677-0397-0&rft.aulast=Golus&rft.aufirst=Carrie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFIWXAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTobit-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_7-13">n</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1953/03/29/archives/jim-thorpe-is-dead-on-west-coast-at-64-jim-thorpe-dead-on-the-coast.html">"Jim Thorpe is Dead on West Coast at 64"</a>. The New York Times. March 29, 1953. p. A1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170701182600/https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0528.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2017. Retrieved December 7, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Jim+Thorpe+is+Dead+on+West+Coast+at+64&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=1953-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1953%2F03%2F29%2Farchives%2Fjim-thorpe-is-dead-on-west-coast-at-64-jim-thorpe-dead-on-the-coast.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWheeler1979291-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWheeler1979291_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWheeler1979291_8-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFWheeler1979">Wheeler 1979</a>, p. 291. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150505060548/https://www.tnonline.com/2010/nov/22/author-jim-thorpes-biography-shakes-things/">"Author of Jim Thorpe's biography shakes things up"</a>. Times News Online. November 22, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tnonline.com/2010/nov/22/author-jim-thorpes-biography-shakes-things">the original</a> on May 5, 2015. Retrieved May 2, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+News+Online&rft.atitle=Author+of+Jim+Thorpe%27s+biography+shakes+things+up&rft.date=2010-11-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tnonline.com%2F2010%2Fnov%2F22%2Fauthor-jim-thorpes-biography-shakes-things&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHannigan2016" class="citation news cs1">Hannigan, Dave (August 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishtimes.com/sport/other-sports/america-at-large-bizarre-coda-to-olympian-jim-thorpe-s-epic-life-1.2743918">"America at Large: Bizarre coda to Olympian Jim Thorpe's epic life"</a>. The Irish Times. Retrieved June 4, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=America+at+Large%3A+Bizarre+coda+to+Olympian+Jim+Thorpe%27s+epic+life&rft.date=2016-08-03&rft.aulast=Hannigan&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fsport%2Fother-sports%2Famerica-at-large-bizarre-coda-to-olympian-jim-thorpe-s-epic-life-1.2743918&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRedmond2014" class="citation book cs1">Redmond, Patrick R. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ATzTAgAAQBAJ&q=The+Irish+and+the+Making+of+American+Sport%2C+1835-1920">The Irish and the Making of American Sport, 1835–1920</a>. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland and Company. p. 279. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-0584-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-0584-5"><bdi>978-1-4766-0584-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Irish+and+the+Making+of+American+Sport%2C+1835%E2%80%931920&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+North+Carolina&rft.pages=279&rft.pub=McFarland+and+Company&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-0584-5&rft.aulast=Redmond&rft.aufirst=Patrick+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DATzTAgAAQBAJ%26q%3DThe%2BIrish%2Band%2Bthe%2BMaking%2Bof%2BAmerican%2BSport%252C%2B1835-1920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.potawatomi.org/blog/2021/01/06/the-fight-to-recognize-jim-thorpe-as-official-olympic-gold-medal-winner/">"The fight to recognize Jim Thorpe as official Olympic gold medal winner"</a>. Potawatomi.org. <a href="/wiki/Citizen_Potawatomi_Nation" title="Citizen Potawatomi Nation">Citizen Potawatomi Nation</a>. January 6, 2021. Retrieved March 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Potawatomi.org&rft.atitle=The+fight+to+recognize+Jim+Thorpe+as+official+Olympic+gold+medal+winner&rft.date=2021-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.potawatomi.org%2Fblog%2F2021%2F01%2F06%2Fthe-fight-to-recognize-jim-thorpe-as-official-olympic-gold-medal-winner%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.potawatomi.org/blog/2022/04/12/connections-between-potawatomi-and-kickapoo-endure/">"Connections between Potawatomi and Kickapoo endure"</a>. Potawatomi.org. Citizen Potawatomi Nation. April 12, 2022. Retrieved March 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Potawatomi.org&rft.atitle=Connections+between+Potawatomi+and+Kickapoo+endure&rft.date=2022-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.potawatomi.org%2Fblog%2F2022%2F04%2F12%2Fconnections-between-potawatomi-and-kickapoo-endure%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ohs-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ohs_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ohs_14-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCollum" class="citation web cs1">McCollum, Timothy James. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry?entry=SA001">"Sac and Fox"</a>. Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Oklahoma Historical Society. 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Retrieved June 29, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hugo+Wieslander&rft.pub=Sports+Reference&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports-reference.com%2Folympics%2Fathletes%2Fwi%2Fhugo-wieslander-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012130-46"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBuford2012130_46-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBuford2012">Buford 2012</a>, p. 130. </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTucker2012" class="citation news cs1">Tucker, Neely (March 15, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/magazine/battle-over-athlete-jim-thorpes-burial-site-continues/2012/02/21/gIQAn5DLES_story.html">"Battle over athlete Jim Thorpe's burial site continues"</a>. 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Retrieved September 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Battle+over+athlete+Jim+Thorpe%27s+burial+site+continues&rft.date=2012-03-15&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Neely&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flifestyle%2Fmagazine%2Fbattle-over-athlete-jim-thorpes-burial-site-continues%2F2012%2F02%2F21%2FgIQAn5DLES_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodge2013145-48"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodge2013145_48-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDodge2013">Dodge 2013</a>, p. 145. </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkins2012" class="citation news cs1">Jenkins, Sally (August 10, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/olympics/greatest-olympic-athlete-jim-thorpe-not-usain-bolt/2012/08/10/f9114872-e33c-11e1-ae7f-d2a13e249eb2_story.html">"Greatest Olympic athlete? Jim Thorpe, not Usain Bolt"</a>. The Washington Post. Retrieved June 7, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Greatest+Olympic+athlete%3F+Jim+Thorpe%2C+not+Usain+Bolt&rft.date=2012-08-10&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fsports%2Folympics%2Fgreatest-olympic-athlete-jim-thorpe-not-usain-bolt%2F2012%2F08%2F10%2Ff9114872-e33c-11e1-ae7f-d2a13e249eb2_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Flatter-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Flatter_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flatter_50-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flatter_50-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flatter_50-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flatter_50-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlatter" class="citation web cs1">Flatter, Ron. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00016499.html">"ESPN.com: Thorpe preceded Deion, Bo"</a>. www.espn.com. Retrieved September 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.espn.com&rft.atitle=ESPN.com%3A+Thorpe+preceded+Deion%2C+Bo&rft.aulast=Flatter&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fsportscentury%2Ffeatures%2F00016499.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernotasBaird1992" class="citation book cs1">Bernotas, Bob; Baird, W. David (1992). Jim Thorpe: Sac and Fox athlete. North American Indians of achievement. 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Retrieved June 1, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Seattle+Post-Intelligencer&rft.atitle=Athlete+Thorpe%27s+2nd+wife%2C+Freeda%2C+dies+at+101&rft.date=2007-03-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seattlepi.com%2Flocal%2Farticle%2FAthlete-Thorpe-s-2nd-wife-Freeda-dies-at-101-1230507.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012366-100"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBuford2012366_100-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBuford2012">Buford 2012</a>, p. 366. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004144–145-101">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004144–145_101-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004144–145_101-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004">O'Hanlon-Lincoln 2004</a>, pp. 144–145. </li> <li id="cite_note-AIM-102">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AIM_102-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AIM_102-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWheelerRidlonWheeler2015" class="citation magazine cs1">Wheeler, Bob; Ridlon, Florence; Wheeler, Rob (Spring 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanindianmagazine.org/story/akapamata-forgotten-hollywood-legacy-jim-thorpe">"Akapamata: The Forgotten Hollywood Legacy Of Jim Thorpe"</a>. 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Retrieved August 17, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Indian+Magazine&rft.atitle=Akapamata%3A+The+Forgotten+Hollywood+Legacy+Of+Jim+Thorpe&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Wheeler&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft.au=Ridlon%2C+Florence&rft.au=Wheeler%2C+Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanindianmagazine.org%2Fstory%2Fakapamata-forgotten-hollywood-legacy-jim-thorpe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004145-103">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004145_103-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004145_103-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004">O'Hanlon-Lincoln 2004</a>, p. 145. </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaffer1935" class="citation news cs1">Shaffer, George (April 11, 1935). "Penny matching piles up $3,000 charity fund". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 19. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/181569593">181569593</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Daily+Tribune&rft.atitle=Penny+matching+piles+up+%243%2C000+charity+fund&rft.pages=19&rft.date=1935-04-11&rft.aulast=Shaffer&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuford2012313–314-105"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBuford2012313–314_105-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBuford2012">Buford 2012</a>, pp. 313–314. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHilger2016324-106"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHilger2016324_106-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHilger2016">Hilger 2016</a>, p. 324. </li> <li id="cite_note-inflation-US-107"><a href="#cite_ref-inflation-US_107-0">^</a> 1634–1699: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. J.</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pdf">How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/American_Antiquarian_Society" title="American Antiquarian Society">American Antiquarian Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+Much+Is+That+in+Real+Money%3F+A+Historical+Price+Index+for+Use+as+a+Deflator+of+Money+Values+in+the+Economy+of+the+United+States%3A+Addenda+et+Corrigenda&rft.pub=American+Antiquarian+Society&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=McCusker&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanantiquarian.org%2Fproceedings%2F44525121.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> 1700–1799: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCusker1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_J._McCusker" title="John J. McCusker">McCusker, J. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wnep.com/wnep-carb-son-sues-jim-thorpe-body,0,1168347.story">the original</a> on March 1, 2012. Retrieved June 25, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=wnep.com&rft.atitle=Son+Of+Jim+Thorpe+Sues+for+His+Remains&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.au=Lee%2C+Peggy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wnep.com%2Fwnep-carb-son-sues-jim-thorpe-body%2C0%2C1168347.story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pennlive.com/midstate/2010/06/jim_thorpes_son_sues_town_of_j.html">"Jim Thorpe's son sues town of Jim Thorpe over location of athlete's remains"</a>. Patriot News. The Associated Press. June 25, 2010. Retrieved September 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Patriot+News&rft.atitle=Jim+Thorpe%27s+son+sues+town+of+Jim+Thorpe+over+location+of+athlete%27s+remains&rft.date=2010-06-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pennlive.com%2Fmidstate%2F2010%2F06%2Fjim_thorpes_son_sues_town_of_j.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZagofsky2011" class="citation web cs1">Zagofsky, Al (February 24, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tnonline.com/2011/feb/24/jim-thorpes-son-jack-dies">"Jim Thorpe's son Jack dies"</a>. Lehighton Times News. Retrieved July 9, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lehighton+Times+News&rft.atitle=Jim+Thorpe%27s+son+Jack+dies&rft.date=2011-02-24&rft.aulast=Zagofsky&rft.aufirst=Al&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tnonline.com%2F2011%2Ffeb%2F24%2Fjim-thorpes-son-jack-dies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newson6.com/story/22028957/judge-orders-legendary-athlete-jim-thorpes-remains">"Judge Sides With Sons About Legendary Athlete Jim Thorpe's Remains"</a>. <a href="/wiki/KOTV-DT" title="KOTV-DT">KOTV-DT</a>. April 21, 2013. Retrieved April 21, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Judge+Sides+With+Sons+About+Legendary+Athlete+Jim+Thorpe%27s+Remains&rft.date=2013-04-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newson6.com%2Fstory%2F22028957%2Fjudge-orders-legendary-athlete-jim-thorpes-remains&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title25-chapter32&edition=prelim">"25 USC Ch. 32: Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation"</a>. Office of the Law Revision Counsel. Retrieved September 8, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+of+the+Law+Revision+Counsel&rft.atitle=25+USC+Ch.+32%3A+Native+American+Graves+Protection+and+Repatriation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuscode.house.gov%2Fview.xhtml%3Freq%3Dgranuleid%3AUSC-prelim-title25-chapter32%26edition%3Dprelim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <cite>John Thorpe (et al) v. Borough of Jim Thorpe</cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.ca3.uscourts.gov/opinarch/132446p.pdf"> No. 13-2446</a> (3d Cir.). </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall2015" class="citation news cs1">Hall, Peter (October 6, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.poconorecord.com/article/20151006/NEWS/151009689">"U.S. Supreme Court: Jim Thorpe's body to remain in town that bears his name"</a>. Pocono Record. Retrieved October 13, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pocono+Record&rft.atitle=U.S.+Supreme+Court%3A+Jim+Thorpe%27s+body+to+remain+in+town+that+bears+his+name&rft.date=2015-10-06&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.poconorecord.com%2Farticle%2F20151006%2FNEWS%2F151009689&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tnonline.com/20201022/jim-thorpe-running-festival-benefits-turn-to-us/">"Jim Thorpe running festival benefits Turn To Us"</a>. Times News. October 22, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+News&rft.atitle=Jim+Thorpe+running+festival+benefits+Turn+To+Us&rft.date=2020-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tnonline.com%2F20201022%2Fjim-thorpe-running-festival-benefits-turn-to-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBird1996" class="citation book cs1">Bird, S. Elizabeth (May 2, 1996). Dressing in feathers: the construction of the Indian in American popular culture. London, UK: Avalon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8133-2667-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8133-2667-2"><bdi>978-0-8133-2667-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dressing+in+feathers%3A+the+construction+of+the+Indian+in+American+popular+culture&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pub=Avalon&rft.date=1996-05-02&rft.isbn=978-0-8133-2667-2&rft.aulast=Bird&rft.aufirst=S.+Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloom1996" class="citation book cs1">Bloom, John (May 2, 1996). ""There Is Madness in the Air": The 1926 Haskell Homecoming and Popular Representations of Sports in Federal Indian Boarding Schools". In Bird, S. Elizabeth (ed.). Dressing in feathers: the construction of the Indian in American popular culture. London, UK: Avalon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8133-2667-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8133-2667-2"><bdi>978-0-8133-2667-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E2%80%9CThere+Is+Madness+in+the+Air%E2%80%9D%3A+The+1926+Haskell+Homecoming+and+Popular+Representations+of+Sports+in+Federal+Indian+Boarding+Schools&rft.btitle=Dressing+in+feathers%3A+the+construction+of+the+Indian+in+American+popular+culture&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pub=Avalon&rft.date=1996-05-02&rft.isbn=978-0-8133-2667-2&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuford2012" class="citation book cs1">Buford, Kate (2012). <a href="/wiki/Native_American_Son" title="Native American Son">Native American Son: the life and sporting legend of Jim Thorpe </a>. Lincoln, Nebraska: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska_Press" title="University of Nebraska Press">University of Nebraska Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-4089-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-4089-6"><bdi>978-0-8032-4089-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/756837088">756837088</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Native+American+Son%3A+the+life+and+sporting+legend+of+Jim+Thorpe&rft.place=Lincoln%2C+Nebraska&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F756837088&rft.isbn=978-0-8032-4089-6&rft.aulast=Buford&rft.aufirst=Kate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCava1992" class="citation book cs1">Cava, Pete (Summer 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170809200123/http://library.la84.org/SportsLibrary/JOH/JOHv1n1/JOHv1n1e.pdf">Baseball in the Olympics</a> (PDF). pp. 7–15. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.la84.org/SportsLibrary/JOH/JOHv1n1/JOHv1n1e.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on August 9, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baseball+in+the+Olympics&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E7-%3C%2Fspan%3E15&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Cava&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.la84.org%2FSportsLibrary%2FJOH%2FJOHv1n1%2FJOHv1n1e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook2011" class="citation book cs1">Cook, William A. (2011). Jim Thorpe: a biography. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-6355-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-6355-8"><bdi>978-0-7864-6355-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/692291486">692291486</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jim+Thorpe%3A+a+biography&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+N.C&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Co&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F692291486&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-6355-8&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=William+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDodge2013" class="citation book cs1">Dodge, Robert V. (2013). Which chosen people? Manifest destiny meets the Sioux as seen by Frank Fiske, frontier photographer. New York, N.Y: Algora Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62894-029-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62894-029-9"><bdi>978-1-62894-029-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Which+chosen+people%3F+Manifest+destiny+meets+the+Sioux+as+seen+by+Frank+Fiske%2C+frontier+photographer&rft.place=New+York%2C+N.Y&rft.pub=Algora+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-62894-029-9&rft.aulast=Dodge&rft.aufirst=Robert+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDyreson1998" class="citation book cs1">Dyreson, Mark (1998). Making the American team: sport, culture, and the Olympic experience. Sport and society. Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06654-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-252-06654-2"><bdi>978-0-252-06654-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+the+American+team%3A+sport%2C+culture%2C+and+the+Olympic+experience&rft.place=Urbana%2C+Ill.&rft.series=Sport+and+society&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-252-06654-2&rft.aulast=Dyreson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElfers2003" class="citation book cs1">Elfers, James E. (2003). The Tour to End All Tours: the story of major league baseball's 1913-1914 world tour. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-6748-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-6748-0"><bdi>978-0-8032-6748-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tour+to+End+All+Tours%3A+the+story+of+major+league+baseball%27s+1913-1914+world+tour&rft.place=Lincoln&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-8032-6748-0&rft.aulast=Elfers&rft.aufirst=James+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFindlingPelle2004" class="citation book cs1">Findling, John E.; Pelle, Kimberly D., eds. (2004). Encyclopedia of the modern Olympic movement. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-32278-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-32278-5"><bdi>978-0-313-32278-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+modern+Olympic+movement&rft.place=Westport%2C+Conn&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-313-32278-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerasimoWhiteley2003" class="citation book cs1">Gerasimo, Luisa; Whiteley, Sandra, eds. (2003). The teacher's calendar of famous birthdays. New York: <a href="/wiki/McGraw-Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="McGraw-Hill">McGraw-Hill</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-07-141230-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-07-141230-8"><bdi>978-0-07-141230-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+teacher%27s+calendar+of+famous+birthdays&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-07-141230-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHilger2016" class="citation book cs1">Hilger, Michael (2016). Native Americans in the movies: portrayals from silent films to the present. Lanham Boulder New York London: <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-4002-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-4002-5"><bdi>978-1-4422-4002-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Native+Americans+in+the+movies%3A+portrayals+from+silent+films+to+the+present&rft.place=Lanham+Boulder+New+York+London&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-4422-4002-5&rft.aulast=Hilger&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoxie1996" class="citation book cs1">Hoxie, Frederick E., ed. (1996). Encyclopedia of North American Indians. Boston, Mass.: <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin" class="mw-redirect" title="Houghton Mifflin">Houghton Mifflin</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-395-66921-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-395-66921-1"><bdi>978-0-395-66921-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+North+American+Indians&rft.place=Boston%2C+Mass.&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-395-66921-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeansonneLuhrssen2006" class="citation book cs1">Jeansonne, Glen; Luhrssen, David (2006). A time of paradox: America since 1890. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-3376-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-3376-9"><bdi>978-0-7425-3376-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62109927">62109927</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+time+of+paradox%3A+America+since+1890&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Md&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2Focm62109927&rft.isbn=978-0-7425-3376-9&rft.aulast=Jeansonne&rft.aufirst=Glen&rft.au=Luhrssen%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandrum2006" class="citation book cs1">Landrum, Dr. Gene N. (2006). Empowerment: the Competitive Edge in Sports, Business & Life. Brendan Kelly Publishing, Incorporated. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-89-599724-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-89-599724-8"><bdi>978-1-89-599724-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Empowerment%3A+the+Competitive+Edge+in+Sports%2C+Business+%26+Life&rft.pub=Brendan+Kelly+Publishing%2C+Incorporated&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-89-599724-8&rft.aulast=Landrum&rft.aufirst=Dr.+Gene+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLincolnSlagle1997" class="citation book cs1">Lincoln, Kenneth; Slagle, Al Logan (1997). The good red road: passages into Native America. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-7974-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-7974-2"><bdi>978-0-8032-7974-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+good+red+road%3A+passages+into+Native+America&rft.place=Lincoln&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-8032-7974-2&rft.aulast=Lincoln&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.au=Slagle%2C+Al+Logan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagill1987" class="citation book cs1">Magill, Frank Northen, ed. (1987). Great lives from history. Vol. 1 5: American series Sit - Z. Vol. 1. Pasadena, Cal.: Salem Pr. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89356-529-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89356-529-9"><bdi>978-0-89356-529-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Great+lives+from+history.+Vol.+1+5%3A+American+series+Sit+-+Z&rft.place=Pasadena%2C+Cal.&rft.pub=Salem+Pr&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-89356-529-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaraniss2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Maraniss" title="David Maraniss">Maraniss, David</a> (2022). Path lit by lightning: the life of Jim Thorpe (1st ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-4841-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-4841-2"><bdi>978-1-4767-4841-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Path+lit+by+lightning%3A+the+life+of+Jim+Thorpe&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-4767-4841-2&rft.aulast=Maraniss&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeftCohenKorch1994" class="citation book cs1">Neft, David S.; Cohen, Richard M.; Korch, Rick (1994). The Complete History of Professional Football from 1892 to the Present. St. Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-31-211435-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-31-211435-0"><bdi>978-0-31-211435-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+History+of+Professional+Football+from+1892+to+the+Present&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-31-211435-0&rft.aulast=Neft&rft.aufirst=David+S.&rft.au=Cohen%2C+Richard+M.&rft.au=Korch%2C+Rick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Hanlon-Lincoln2004" class="citation book cs1">O'Hanlon-Lincoln, Ceane (2004). County chronicles: a vivid collection of Fayette County, Pennsylvania histories. Chicora, PA: Mechling Bookbindery. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9744657-8-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9744657-8-4"><bdi>978-0-9744657-8-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=County+chronicles%3A+a+vivid+collection+of+Fayette+County%2C+Pennsylvania+histories&rft.place=Chicora%2C+PA&rft.pub=Mechling+Bookbindery&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-9744657-8-4&rft.aulast=O%27Hanlon-Lincoln&rft.aufirst=Ceane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuirk2014" class="citation book cs1">Quirk, Charles E., ed. (July 10, 2014). Sports and the Law: Major Legal Cases. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-13-568222-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-13-568222-4"><bdi>978-1-13-568222-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sports+and+the+Law%3A+Major+Legal+Cases&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2014-07-10&rft.isbn=978-1-13-568222-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRendell2004" class="citation book cs1">Rendell, Matt, ed. (2004). The Olympics: Athens to Athens, 1896 - 2004. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-297-84382-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-297-84382-5"><bdi>978-0-297-84382-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Olympics%3A+Athens+to+Athens%2C+1896+-+2004&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-297-84382-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchafferSmith2000" class="citation book cs1">Schaffer, Kay; Smith, Sidonie, eds. (2000). The Olympics at the Millennium: power, politics, and the games. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8135-2820-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8135-2820-5"><bdi>978-0-8135-2820-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Olympics+at+the+Millennium%3A+power%2C+politics%2C+and+the+games&rft.place=New+Brunswick%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-8135-2820-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatterson2002" class="citation book cs1">Watterson, John Sayle (November 14, 2002). College Football: History, Spectacle, Controversy. Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-80-187114-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-80-187114-6"><bdi>978-0-80-187114-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=College+Football%3A+History%2C+Spectacle%2C+Controversy&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2002-11-14&rft.isbn=978-0-80-187114-6&rft.aulast=Watterson&rft.aufirst=John+Sayle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWheeler1979" class="citation book cs1">Wheeler, Robert W. (1979). Jim Thorpe, World's Greatest Athlete. University of Oklahoma Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-80-611745-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-80-611745-4"><bdi>978-0-80-611745-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jim+Thorpe%2C+World%27s+Greatest+Athlete&rft.pub=University+of+Oklahoma+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-80-611745-4&rft.aulast=Wheeler&rft.aufirst=Robert+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2006" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Randy (2006). Sports cinema: 100 movies: the best of Hollywood's athletic heroes, losers, myths, and misfits. Pompton Plains, NJ: Limelight Ed. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87910-331-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87910-331-6"><bdi>978-0-87910-331-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sports+cinema%3A+100+movies%3A+the+best+of+Hollywood%27s+athletic+heroes%2C+losers%2C+myths%2C+and+misfits&rft.place=Pompton+Plains%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Limelight+Ed&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-87910-331-6&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Randy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZarnowski2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Zarnowski" title="Frank Zarnowski">Zarnowski, Frank</a> (March 31, 2005). All-Around Men: Heroes of a Forgotten Sport. Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-81-085423-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-81-085423-9"><bdi>978-0-81-085423-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All-Around+Men%3A+Heroes+of+a+Forgotten+Sport&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2005-03-31&rft.isbn=978-0-81-085423-9&rft.aulast=Zarnowski&rft.aufirst=Frank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZarnowski2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Zarnowski" title="Frank Zarnowski">Zarnowski, Frank</a> (2013). The Pentathlon of the Ancient World. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-6783-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-6783-9"><bdi>978-0-7864-6783-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pentathlon+of+the+Ancient+World&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+NC&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-6783-9&rft.aulast=Zarnowski&rft.aufirst=Frank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenjey2008" class="citation book cs1">Benjey, Tom (2008). Doctors, lawyers, Indian chiefs. Carlisle, PA: Tuxedo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9774486-7-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9774486-7-8"><bdi>978-0-9774486-7-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Doctors%2C+lawyers%2C+Indian+chiefs&rft.place=Carlisle%2C+PA&rft.pub=Tuxedo+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-9774486-7-8&rft.aulast=Benjey&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMallonWidlund2002" class="citation book cs1">Mallon, Bill; Widlund, Ture (2002). "In the Matter of Jacobus Franciscus Thorpe". The 1912 Olympic Games: results for all competitors in all events, with commentary. Results of the early modern Olympics. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-1047-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-1047-7"><bdi>978-0-7864-1047-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=In+the+Matter+of+Jacobus+Franciscus+Thorpe&rft.btitle=The+1912+Olympic+Games%3A+results+for+all+competitors+in+all+events%2C+with+commentary&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+N.C&rft.series=Results+of+the+early+modern+Olympics&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-1047-7&rft.aulast=Mallon&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft.au=Widlund%2C+Ture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewcombe1975" class="citation book cs1">Newcombe, Jack (1975). The best of the athletic boys: The white man's impact on Jim Thorpe (1st ed.). Garden City, N.Y: Doubleday. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-385-06186-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-385-06186-5"><bdi>978-0-385-06186-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+best+of+the+athletic+boys%3A+The+white+man%27s+impact+on+Jim+Thorpe&rft.place=Garden+City%2C+N.Y&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-385-06186-5&rft.aulast=Newcombe&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUpdyke1997" class="citation book cs1">Updyke, Rosemary K. (December 1997). Jim Thorpe: The Legend Remembered. Gretna, Louisiana: Pelican Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56-554539-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56-554539-7"><bdi>978-1-56-554539-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jim+Thorpe%3A+The+Legend+Remembered&rft.place=Gretna%2C+Louisiana&rft.pub=Pelican+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1997-12&rft.isbn=978-1-56-554539-7&rft.aulast=Updyke&rft.aufirst=Rosemary+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWallechinsky2000" class="citation book cs1">Wallechinsky, David (2000). The complete book of the Summer Olympics (2000 ed., 1st ed.). Woodstock, N.Y: Overlook Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58567-033-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58567-033-8"><bdi>978-1-58567-033-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+complete+book+of+the+Summer+Olympics&rft.place=Woodstock%2C+N.Y&rft.edition=2000+ed.%2C+1st&rft.pub=Overlook+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-58567-033-8&rft.aulast=Wallechinsky&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJim+Thorpe" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Thorpe&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jim_Thorpe" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Jim Thorpe">Jim Thorpe</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teamusa.com/hall-of-fame/hall-of-fame-members/jim-thorpe">Jim Thorpe</a> at the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Olympic_%26_Paralympic_Hall_of_Fame" title="United States Olympic & Paralympic Hall of Fame">Team USA Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/en/athletes/jim-thorpe">Jim Thorpe</a> at <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">Olympics.com</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221482#P5815" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/79125">Jim Thorpe</a> at <a href="/wiki/Olympedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympedia">Olympedia</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221482#P8286" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.profootballhof.com/players/213">Jim Thorpe</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://footballfoundation.org/hof_search.aspx?hof=1264">Jim Thorpe</a> at the <a href="/wiki/College_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="College Football Hall of Fame">College Football Hall of Fame</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Career statistics from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nfl.com/players/Jim-Thorpe/stats/">NFL.com</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/T/ThorJi20.htm">Pro Football Reference</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Career statistics from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/t/thorpji01.shtml">Baseball Reference</a>, or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/player.cgi?id=thorpe001jam">Baseball Reference (Minors)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0861680/">Jim Thorpe</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221482#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="/wiki/Percy_Wendell" title="Percy Wendell">Percy Wendell</a></li> <li>FB <a href="/wiki/John_Dalton_(American_football)" title="John Dalton (American football)">John Dalton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Line</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>E <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Bomeisler" title="Douglas Bomeisler">Douglas Bomeisler</a></li> <li>E <a href="/wiki/Sanford_White" title="Sanford White">Sanford White</a> </li> <li>T <a href="/wiki/Leland_Devore" title="Leland Devore">Leland Devore</a></li> <li>T <a href="/wiki/Ed_Hart" title="Ed Hart">Edward Hart</a></li> <li>G <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Duff" title="Joseph Duff">Joseph Duff</a></li> <li>G <a href="/wiki/Bob_Fisher_(American_football_coach)" title="Bob Fisher (American football coach)">Bob Fisher</a></li> <li>C <a href="/wiki/Hank_Ketcham_(American_football)" title="Hank Ketcham (American football)">Hank Ketcham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1912_College_Football_All-America_Team_consensus_selections458" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1912_College_Football_Consensus_All-Americans" title="Template:1912 College Football Consensus All-Americans"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1912_College_Football_Consensus_All-Americans" title="Template talk:1912 College Football Consensus All-Americans"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1912_College_Football_Consensus_All-Americans" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1912 College Football Consensus All-Americans"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1912_College_Football_All-America_Team_consensus_selections458" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/1912_College_Football_All-America_Team" title="1912 College Football All-America Team">1912 College Football All-America Team</a> consensus selections</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Backfield</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>QB <a href="/wiki/George_Crowther_(American_football)" title="George Crowther (American football)">George Crowther</a></li> <li>HB <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brickley" title="Charles Brickley">Charles Brickley</a></li> <li>HB <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jim Thorpe</a></li> <li>FB <a href="/wiki/Leroy_Mercer" title="Leroy Mercer">Leroy Mercer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Line</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>E <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Bomeisler" title="Douglas Bomeisler">Douglas Bomeisler</a></li> <li>E <a href="/wiki/Sam_Felton" title="Sam Felton">Sam Felton</a></li> <li>T <a href="/wiki/Bob_Butler" title="Bob Butler">Bob Butler</a></li> <li>T <a href="/wiki/Wesley_Englehorn" title="Wesley Englehorn">Wesley Englehorn</a></li> <li>G <a href="/wiki/William_John_Logan" title="William John Logan">William John Logan</a></li> <li>G <a href="/wiki/Stan_Pennock" title="Stan Pennock">Stan Pennock</a></li> <li>C <a href="/wiki/Hank_Ketcham_(American_football)" title="Hank Ketcham (American football)">Hank Ketcham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_Giants_1925_inaugural_season_roster164" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #0B2265 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A71930, inset -2px -2px 0 #A71930;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1925_New_York_Giants" title="Template:1925 New York Giants"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1925_New_York_Giants" title="Template talk:1925 New York Giants"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1925_New_York_Giants" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1925 New York Giants"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_Giants_1925_inaugural_season_roster164" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants" title="New York Giants">New York Giants</a> <a href="/wiki/1925_New_York_Giants_season" title="1925 New York Giants season">1925 inaugural season roster</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>20 <a href="/wiki/Doc_Alexander" title="Doc Alexander">Doc Alexander</a></li> <li>3 <a href="/wiki/Al_Bedner" title="Al Bedner">Al Bedner</a></li> <li>2 <a href="/wiki/Heinie_Benkert" title="Heinie Benkert">Heinie Benkert</a></li> <li>7 <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Bomar" title="Lynn Bomar">Lynn Bomar</a></li> <li>5 <a href="/wiki/Matt_Brennan_(American_football)" title="Matt Brennan (American football)">Matt Brennan</a></li> <li>23 <a href="/wiki/Art_Carney_(American_football)" title="Art Carney (American football)">Art Carney</a></li> <li>9 <a href="/wiki/Jim_Frugone" title="Jim Frugone">Jim Frugone</a></li> <li>1 <a href="/wiki/Hinkey_Haines" title="Hinkey Haines">Hinkey Haines</a></li> <li>6 <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Hendrian" title="Dutch Hendrian">Dutch Hendrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowboy_Hill_(American_football)" title="Cowboy Hill (American football)">Cowboy Hill</a></li> <li>22 <a href="/wiki/Paul_Jappe" title="Paul Jappe">Paul Jappe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Kenyon" title="William C. Kenyon">William C. Kenyon</a></li> <li>16 <a href="/wiki/Jack_McBride" title="Jack McBride">Jack McBride</a></li> <li>10 <a href="/wiki/Ed_McGinley" title="Ed McGinley">Ed McGinley</a></li> <li>21 <a href="/wiki/Century_Milstead" title="Century Milstead">Century Milstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Moran_(blocking_back)" title="Tom Moran (blocking back)">Tom Moran</a></li> <li>4 <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Myers_(American_football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tommy Myers (American football)">Tommy Myers</a></li> <li>8 <a href="/wiki/Bob_Nash_(American_football)" title="Bob Nash (American football)">Bob Nash</a></li> <li>11 <a href="/wiki/Swede_Nordstrom" title="Swede Nordstrom">Swede Nordstrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Palm_(American_football)" title="Mike Palm (American football)">Mike Palm</a></li> <li>12 <a href="/wiki/Babe_Parnell" title="Babe Parnell">Babe Parnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Potteiger" title="Earl Potteiger">Earl Potteiger</a></li> <li>17 <a href="/wiki/Owen_Reynolds" title="Owen Reynolds">Owen Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Rooney" title="Bill Rooney">Bill Rooney</a></li> <li>21 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jim Thorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Tomlin" title="Tommy Tomlin">Tommy Tomlin</a></li> <li>15 <a href="/wiki/Larry_Walbridge" title="Larry Walbridge">Larry Walbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_White_(American_football)" title="Phil White (American football)">Phil White</a></li> <li>25 <a href="/wiki/Joe_Williams_(guard)" title="Joe Williams (guard)">Joe Williams</a></li> <li> Head coach: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Folwell" title="Bob Folwell">Bob Folwell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NFL&#039;s_1920s_All-Decade_Team78" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NFL1920s" title="Template:NFL1920s"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NFL1920s" title="Template talk:NFL1920s"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NFL1920s" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NFL1920s"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NFL&#039;s_1920s_All-Decade_Team78" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League_1920s_All-Decade_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="National Football League 1920s All-Decade Team">NFL's 1920s All-Decade Team</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Conzelman" title="Jimmy Conzelman">Jimmy Conzelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Driscoll" title="Paddy Driscoll">Paddy Driscoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Grange" title="Red Grange">Red Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Guyon" title="Joe Guyon">Joe Guyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_Lambeau" title="Curly Lambeau">Curly Lambeau</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jim Thorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Nevers" title="Ernie Nevers">Ernie Nevers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Chamberlin" title="Guy Chamberlin">Guy Chamberlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaVern_Dilweg" title="LaVern Dilweg">LaVern Dilweg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">George Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Healey" title="Ed Healey">Ed Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Henry" title="Pete Henry">Pete Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cal_Hubbard" title="Cal Hubbard">Cal Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Owen_(American_football)" title="Steve Owen (American football)">Steve Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunk_Anderson" title="Hunk Anderson">Hunk Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Kiesling" title="Walt Kiesling">Walt Kiesling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Michalske" title="Mike Michalske">Mike Michalske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Trafton" title="George Trafton">George Trafton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_Class_of_1963191" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #013369 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #D50A0A, inset -2px -2px 0 #D50A0A;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1963_Football_HOF" title="Template:1963 Football HOF"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1963_Football_HOF" title="Template talk:1963 Football HOF"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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Grange">Red Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">George Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Hein" title="Mel Hein">Mel Hein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Henry" title="Pete Henry">Pete Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cal_Hubbard" title="Cal Hubbard">Cal Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Hutson" title="Don Hutson">Don Hutson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_Lambeau" title="Curly Lambeau">Curly Lambeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Mara" title="Tim Mara">Tim Mara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Preston_Marshall" title="George Preston Marshall">George Preston Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_%22Blood%22_McNally" title="Johnny "Blood" McNally">Johnny "Blood" McNally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronko_Nagurski" title="Bronko Nagurski">Bronko Nagurski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Nevers" title="Ernie Nevers">Ernie Nevers</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jim Thorpe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame354" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_members" title="Template:Pro Football Hall of Fame members"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_members" title="Template talk:Pro Football Hall of Fame members"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_members" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pro Football Hall of Fame members"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame354" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" title="List of Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees">Members</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Quarterbacks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Aikman" title="Troy Aikman">Aikman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Baugh" title="Sammy Baugh">Baugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Blanda" title="George Blanda">Blanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Bradshaw" title="Terry Bradshaw">Bradshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Clark" title="Dutch Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Conzelman" title="Jimmy Conzelman">Conzelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Len_Dawson" title="Len Dawson">L. Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Driscoll" title="Paddy Driscoll">Driscoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Elway" title="John Elway">Elway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Favre" title="Brett Favre">Favre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Fouts" title="Dan Fouts">Fouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benny_Friedman" title="Benny Friedman">Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Graham" title="Otto Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Griese" title="Bob Griese">Griese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnie_Herber" title="Arnie Herber">Herber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Jurgensen" title="Sonny Jurgensen">Jurgensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Kelly" title="Jim Kelly">J. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Layne" title="Bobby Layne">Layne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sid_Luckman" title="Sid Luckman">Luckman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peyton_Manning" title="Peyton Manning">Manning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Marino" title="Dan Marino">Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Montana" title="Joe Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Moon" title="Warren Moon">Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Namath" title="Joe Namath">Namath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ace_Parker" title="Ace Parker">A. Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Stabler" title="Ken Stabler">Stabler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bart_Starr" title="Bart Starr">Starr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Staubach" title="Roger Staubach">Staubach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran_Tarkenton" title="Fran Tarkenton">Tarkenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y._A._Tittle" title="Y. A. Tittle">Tittle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Unitas" title="Johnny Unitas">Unitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norm_Van_Brocklin" title="Norm Van Brocklin">Van Brocklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Warner" title="Kurt Warner">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Waterfield" title="Bob Waterfield">Waterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Young" title="Steve Young">S. Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Running backs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Allen" title="Marcus Allen">M. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Battles" title="Cliff Battles">Battles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Bettis" title="Jerome Bettis">Bettis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Brown" title="Jim Brown">J. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Campbell" title="Earl Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Canadeo" title="Tony Canadeo">Canadeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Csonka" title="Larry Csonka">Csonka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrell_Davis" title="Terrell Davis">T. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Dickerson" title="Eric Dickerson">Dickerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Dorsett" title="Tony Dorsett">Dorsett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Dudley" title="Bill Dudley">Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Faulk" title="Marshall Faulk">Faulk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gifford" title="Frank Gifford">Gifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Grange" title="Red Grange">Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Guyon" title="Joe Guyon">Guyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Harris" title="Franco Harris">F. Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarke_Hinkle" title="Clarke Hinkle">Hinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hornung" title="Paul Hornung">Hornung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgerrin_James" title="Edgerrin James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Johnson" title="John Henry Johnson">J. H. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leroy_Kelly" title="Leroy Kelly">L. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_Lambeau" title="Curly Lambeau">Lambeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuffy_Leemans" title="Tuffy Leemans">Leemans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Little" title="Floyd Little">F. Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Martin" title="Curtis Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ollie_Matson" title="Ollie Matson">Matson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_McAfee" title="George McAfee">McAfee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McElhenny" title="Hugh McElhenny">McElhenny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_%22Blood%22_McNally" title="Johnny "Blood" McNally">J. McNally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenny_Moore" title="Lenny Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Motley" title="Marion Motley">Motley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronko_Nagurski" title="Bronko Nagurski">Nagurski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Nevers" title="Ernie Nevers">Nevers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Payton" title="Walter Payton">Payton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Perry_(American_football)" title="Joe Perry (American football)">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pollard" title="Fritz Pollard">Pollard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Riggins" title="John Riggins">Riggins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Sanders" title="Barry Sanders">B. Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gale_Sayers" title="Gale Sayers">Sayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._J._Simpson" title="O. J. Simpson">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmitt_Smith" title="Emmitt Smith">E. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Strong" title="Ken Strong">Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(fullback)" title="Jim Taylor (fullback)">Ji. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurman_Thomas" title="Thurman Thomas">T. Thomas</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaDainian_Tomlinson" title="LaDainian Tomlinson">Tomlinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Trippi" title="Charley Trippi">Trippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Van_Buren" title="Steve Van Buren">Van Buren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doak_Walker" title="Doak Walker">Walker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wide receivers / ends</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lance_Alworth" title="Lance Alworth">Alworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Badgro" title="Red Badgro">Badgro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Berry" title="Raymond Berry">Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Biletnikoff" title="Fred Biletnikoff">Biletnikoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Branch" title="Cliff Branch">Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Brown_(American_football)" title="Tim Brown (American football)">T. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Bruce" title="Isaac Bruce">Bruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Carmichael" title="Harold Carmichael">Carmichael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cris_Carter" title="Cris Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Chamberlin" title="Guy Chamberlin">Chamberlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Fears" title="Tom Fears">Fears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Flaherty" title="Ray Flaherty">Flaherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Harrison" title="Marvin Harrison">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hayes" title="Bob Hayes">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hewitt_(American_football)" title="Bill Hewitt (American football)">Hewitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elroy_Hirsch" title="Elroy Hirsch">Hirsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Hutson" title="Don Hutson">Hutson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Irvin" title="Michael Irvin">Irvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Johnson" title="Andre Johnson">A. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Johnson" title="Calvin Johnson">C. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Joiner" title="Charlie Joiner">Joiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Largent" title="Steve Largent">Largent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante_Lavelli" title="Dante Lavelli">Lavelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lofton" title="James Lofton">Lofton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Maynard" title="Don Maynard">Maynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_McDonald_(American_football)" title="Tommy McDonald (American football)">McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Millner" title="Wayne Millner">Millner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Mitchell" title="Bobby Mitchell">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Monk" title="Art Monk">Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Moss" title="Randy Moss">Moss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrell_Owens" title="Terrell Owens">Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Pearson_(American_football)" title="Drew Pearson (American football)">Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Pihos" title="Pete Pihos">Pihos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Reed" title="Andre Reed">A. Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Rice" title="Jerry Rice">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Sharpe" title="Sterling Sharpe">St. Sharpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Speedie" title="Mac Speedie">Speedie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stallworth" title="John Stallworth">Stallworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Swann" title="Lynn Swann">Swann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Taylor" title="Charley Taylor">C. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Warfield" title="Paul Warfield">Warfield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tight ends</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Casper" title="Dave Casper">Casper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Ditka" title="Mike Ditka">Ditka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gates" title="Antonio Gates">Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Gonzalez" title="Tony Gonzalez">Gonzalez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mackey_(American_football)" title="John Mackey (American football)">Mackey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozzie_Newsome" title="Ozzie Newsome">Newsome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Sanders" title="Charlie Sanders">C. Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannon_Sharpe" title="Shannon Sharpe">Sh. Sharpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Smith" title="Jackie Smith">J. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellen_Winslow" title="Kellen Winslow">Winslow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Offensive linemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Allen" title="Larry Allen">L. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Boselli" title="Tony Boselli">Boselli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Brown_(offensive_lineman)" title="Bob Brown (offensive lineman)">B. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosey_Brown" title="Rosey Brown">R. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Covert" title="Jim Covert">Covert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Creekmur" title="Lou Creekmur">Creekmur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermontti_Dawson" title="Dermontti Dawson">D. Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_DeLamielleure" title="Joe DeLamielleure">DeLamielleure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Dierdorf" title="Dan Dierdorf">Dierdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Faneca" title="Alan Faneca">Faneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gatski" title="Frank Gatski">Gatski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forrest_Gregg" title="Forrest Gregg">Gregg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russ_Grimm" title="Russ Grimm">Grimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hannah_(American_football)" title="John Hannah (American football)">Hannah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Hickerson" title="Gene Hickerson">Hickerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Hill" title="Winston Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Hutchinson_(American_football)" title="Steve Hutchinson (American football)">Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Jones_(American_football)" title="Stan Jones (American football)">S. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Jones_(American_football)" title="Walter Jones (American football)">W. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Kramer" title="Jerry Kramer">Kramer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Langer" title="Jim Langer">Langer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Little" title="Larry Little">L. Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Mack" title="Tom Mack">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Matthews_(American_football)" title="Bruce Matthews (American football)">Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Mawae" title="Kevin Mawae">Mawae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_McCormack_(American_football)" title="Mike McCormack (American football)">McCormack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randall_McDaniel" title="Randall McDaniel">McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Mix" title="Ron Mix">Mix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Munchak" title="Mike Munchak">Munchak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="Anthony Muñoz">Muñoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Ogden" title="Jonathan Ogden">Ogden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Otto" title="Jim Otto">Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Pace" title="Orlando Pace">Pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Parker_(American_football)" title="Jim Parker (American football)">J. Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ringo" title="Jim Ringo">Ringo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Roaf" title="Willie Roaf">Roaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Shaw" title="Billy Shaw">Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Shell" title="Art Shell">A. Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Shields" title="Will Shields">Shields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Slater" title="Jackie Slater">J. Slater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_St._Clair" title="Bob St. Clair">St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Stanfel" title="Dick Stanfel">Stanfel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Stephenson" title="Dwight Stephenson">Stephenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Thomas_(offensive_tackle)" title="Joe Thomas (offensive tackle)">J. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mick_Tingelhoff" title="Mick Tingelhoff">Tingelhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Upshaw" title="Gene Upshaw">Upshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Webster" title="Mike Webster">Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayfield_Wright" title="Rayfield Wright">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Yary" title="Ron Yary">Yary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Zimmerman" title="Gary Zimmerman">Zimmerman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-modern era two-way players</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turk_Edwards" title="Turk Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Fortmann" title="Dan Fortmann">Fortmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Healey" title="Ed Healey">Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Hein" title="Mel Hein">Hein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Henry" title="Pete Henry">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cal_Hubbard" title="Cal Hubbard">Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Kiesling" title="Walt Kiesling">Kiesling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruiser_Kinard" title="Bruiser Kinard">Kinard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link_Lyman" title="Link Lyman">Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Michalske" title="Mike Michalske">Michalske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Musso" title="George Musso">Musso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Owen_(American_football)" title="Steve Owen (American football)">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Slater" title="Duke Slater">D. Slater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Stydahar" title="Joe Stydahar">Stydahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Trafton" title="George Trafton">Trafton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulldog_Turner" title="Bulldog Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Wojciechowicz" title="Alex Wojciechowicz">Wojciechowicz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defensive linemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Allen" title="Jared Allen">J. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Atkins" title="Doug Atkins">Atkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvin_Bethea" title="Elvin Bethea">Bethea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck_Buchanan" title="Buck Buchanan">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curley_Culp" title="Curley Culp">Culp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Davis_(defensive_end)" title="Willie Davis (defensive end)">W. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Dean" title="Fred Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dent" title="Richard Dent">Dent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Doleman" title="Chris Doleman">Doleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Donovan" title="Art Donovan">Donovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Eller" title="Carl Eller">Eller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Len_Ford" title="Len Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Freeney" title="Dwight Freeney">Freeney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Greene" title="Joe Greene">J. Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Haley" title="Charles Haley">Haley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Hampton" title="Dan Hampton">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Humphrey" title="Claude Humphrey">Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon_Jones" title="Deacon Jones">D. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Jordan" title="Henry Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Karras" title="Alex Karras">Karras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortez_Kennedy" title="Cortez Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Klecko" title="Joe Klecko">Klecko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Lilly" title="Bob Lilly">Lilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howie_Long" title="Howie Long">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gino_Marchetti" title="Gino Marchetti">Marchetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_McMichael" title="Steve McMichael">McMichael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Nomellini" title="Leo Nomellini">Nomellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_Olsen" title="Merlin Olsen">Olsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Page" title="Alan Page">Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Peppers" title="Julius Peppers">Peppers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Randle" title="John Randle">Randle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Robustelli" title="Andy Robustelli">Robustelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Sapp" title="Warren Sapp">Sapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Roy_Selmon" title="Lee Roy Selmon">Selmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Seymour" title="Richard Seymour">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Smith" title="Bruce Smith">B. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sprinkle" title="Ed Sprinkle">Sprinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Stautner" title="Ernie Stautner">Stautner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Strahan" title="Michael Strahan">Strahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Taylor_(American_football)" title="Jason Taylor (American football)">Ja. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnie_Weinmeister" title="Arnie Weinmeister">Weinmeister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_White_(American_football)" title="Randy White (American football)">Ra. White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggie_White" title="Reggie White">Re. White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Willis" title="Bill Willis">B. Willis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryant_Young" title="Bryant Young">B. Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Youngblood" title="Jack Youngblood">Youngblood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Linebackers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Bednarik" title="Chuck Bednarik">Bednarik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Bell" title="Bobby Bell">Bo. Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brazile" title="Robert Brazile">Brazile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derrick_Brooks" title="Derrick Brooks">Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Buoniconti" title="Nick Buoniconti">Buoniconti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Butkus" title="Dick Butkus">Butkus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Carson" title="Harry Carson">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Connor_(American_football)" title="George Connor (American football)">Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_George_(linebacker)" title="Bill George (linebacker)">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Gradishar" title="Randy Gradishar">Gradishar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Greene" title="Kevin Greene">K. Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Ham" title="Jack Ham">Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hanburger" title="Chris Hanburger">Hanburger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Hendricks" title="Ted Hendricks">Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Howley" title="Chuck Howley">Howley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Huff" title="Sam Huff">Huff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rickey_Jackson" title="Rickey Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lambert_(American_football)" title="Jack Lambert (American football)">Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Lanier" title="Willie Lanier">Lanier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Lewis" title="Ray Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mills" title="Sam Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Nitschke" title="Ray Nitschke">Nitschke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Richter" title="Les Richter">Richter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Robinson_(American_football)" title="Dave Robinson (American football)">D. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Schmidt_(American_football)" title="Joe Schmidt (American football)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junior_Seau" title="Junior Seau">Seau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Singletary" title="Mike Singletary">Singletary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Taylor" title="Lawrence Taylor">L. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derrick_Thomas" title="Derrick Thomas">D. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zach_Thomas" title="Zach Thomas">Z. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Tippett" title="Andre Tippett">Tippett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Urlacher" title="Brian Urlacher">Urlacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeMarcus_Ware" title="DeMarcus Ware">Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Wilcox" title="Dave Wilcox">Wilcox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Willis" title="Patrick Willis">P. Willis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defensive backs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Adderley" title="Herb Adderley">Adderley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Allen" title="Eric Allen">E. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Atwater" title="Steve Atwater">Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_Bailey" title="Champ Bailey">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronde_Barber" title="Ronde Barber">Barber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lem_Barney" title="Lem Barney">Barney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Blount" title="Mel Blount">Blount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Brown_(American_football)" title="Willie Brown (American football)">W. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Butler_(American_football)" title="Jack Butler (American football)">J. Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeRoy_Butler" title="LeRoy Butler">L. Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Christiansen" title="Jack Christiansen">Christiansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Dawkins" title="Brian Dawkins">Dawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Dillon" title="Bobby Dillon">Dillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenny_Easley" title="Kenny Easley">Easley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrell_Green" title="Darrell Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Harris" title="Cliff Harris">C. Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Haynes_(cornerback)" title="Mike Haynes (cornerback)">Haynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Houston" title="Ken Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Johnson_(cornerback)" title="Jimmy Johnson (cornerback)">J. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Krause" title="Paul Krause">Krause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_Train_Lane" title="Night Train Lane">Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_Lary" title="Yale Lary">Lary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ty_Law" title="Ty Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_LeBeau" title="Dick LeBeau">LeBeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Lott" title="Ronnie Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lynch_(American_football)" title="John Lynch (American football)">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Polamalu" title="Troy Polamalu">Polamalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Reed" title="Ed Reed">E. Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Renfro" title="Mel Renfro">Renfro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrelle_Revis" title="Darrelle Revis">Revis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Riley" title="Ken Riley">Riley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Robinson_(safety)" title="Johnny Robinson (safety)">J. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deion_Sanders" title="Deion Sanders">D. Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donnie_Shell" title="Donnie Shell">D. Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmitt_Thomas" title="Emmitt Thomas">E. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emlen_Tunnell" title="Emlen Tunnell">Tunnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Wehrli" title="Roger Wehrli">Wehrli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas_Williams" title="Aeneas Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Wilson_(American_football)" title="Larry Wilson (American football)">L. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Wood" title="Willie Wood">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Woodson" title="Charles Woodson">C. Woodson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Woodson" title="Rod Woodson">R. Woodson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morten_Andersen" title="Morten Andersen">Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Groza" title="Lou Groza">Groza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Guy" title="Ray Guy">Guy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devin_Hester" title="Devin Hester">Hester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Stenerud" title="Jan Stenerud">Stenerud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coaches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Allen_(American_football_coach)" title="George Allen (American football coach)">G. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Brown" title="Paul Brown">P. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Chamberlin" title="Guy Chamberlin">Chamberlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Conzelman" title="Jimmy Conzelman">Conzelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Coryell" title="Don Coryell">Coryell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cowher" title="Bill Cowher">Cowher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Dungy" title="Tony Dungy">Dungy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weeb_Ewbank" title="Weeb Ewbank">Ewbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Flaherty" title="Ray Flaherty">Flaherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Flores" title="Tom Flores">Flores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Gibbs" title="Joe Gibbs">Gibbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sid_Gillman" title="Sid Gillman">Gillman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bud_Grant" title="Bud Grant">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Johnson_(American_football_coach)" title="Jimmy Johnson (American football coach)">J. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_Lambeau" title="Curly Lambeau">Lambeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Landry" title="Tom Landry">Landry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marv_Levy" title="Marv Levy">Levy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_Lombardi" title="Vince Lombardi">Lombardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Madden" title="John Madden">Madden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greasy_Neale" title="Greasy Neale">Neale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Noll" title="Chuck Noll">Noll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Owen_(American_football)" title="Steve Owen (American football)">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Parcells" title="Bill Parcells">Parcells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Shula" title="Don Shula">Shula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hank_Stram" title="Hank Stram">Stram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Vermeil" title="Dick Vermeil">Vermeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Walsh_(American_football_coach)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Walsh (American football coach)">Walsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contributors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Beathard" title="Bobby Beathard">Beathard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Bell" title="Bert Bell">Be. Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bidwill" title="Charles Bidwill">Bidwill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Bowlen" title="Pat Bowlen">Bowlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gil_Brandt" title="Gil Brandt">Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Carr" title="Joseph Carr">Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Davis" title="Al Davis">A. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._DeBartolo_Jr." title="Edward J. DeBartolo Jr.">DeBartolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Finks" title="Jim Finks">Finks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Hunt" title="Lamar Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Jones" title="Jerry Jones">J. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_Lambeau" title="Curly Lambeau">Lambeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Mara" title="Tim Mara">T. Mara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_Mara" title="Wellington Mara">W. Mara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Preston_Marshall" title="George Preston Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_McNally" title="Art McNally">A. McNally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Nunn_(American_football)" title="Bill Nunn (American football)">Nunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Polian" title="Bill Polian">Polian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorty_Ray" title="Shorty Ray">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Reeves_(American_football_executive)" title="Dan Reeves (American football executive)">Reeves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Rooney" title="Art Rooney">A. Rooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_M._Rooney" title="Dan M. Rooney">D. Rooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Rozelle" title="Pete Rozelle">Rozelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sabol" title="Ed Sabol">E. Sabol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Sabol" title="Steve Sabol">S. Sabol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tex_Schramm" title="Tex Schramm">Schramm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tagliabue" title="Paul Tagliabue">Tagliabue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Wilson" title="Ralph Wilson">R. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Wolf" title="Ron Wolf">Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Young_(American_football_executive)" title="George Young (American football executive)">G. Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Italics denotes members who have been elected, but not yet inducted.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olympic_champions_in_the_men&#039;s_all-around,_pentathlon_and_decathlon132" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_Olympic_Champions_Decathlon" title="Template:Footer Olympic Champions Decathlon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_Olympic_Champions_Decathlon" title="Template talk:Footer Olympic Champions Decathlon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_Olympic_Champions_Decathlon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer Olympic Champions Decathlon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympic_champions_in_the_men&#039;s_all-around,_pentathlon_and_decathlon132" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Combined_events_at_the_Olympics" title="Combined events at the Olympics">Olympic champions in the men's all-around, pentathlon and decathlon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:gold;">All-around</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1904_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_all-around" title="Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's all-around">1904</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Kiely" title="Tom Kiely">Tom Kiely</a> (<a href="/wiki/Great_Britain_at_the_1904_Summer_Olympics" title="Great Britain at the 1904 Summer Olympics">GBR</a>)</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:gold;">Pentathlon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_pentathlon" title="Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's pentathlon">1912</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jim Thorpe</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1912 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_pentathlon" title="Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's pentathlon">1920</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Eero_Lehtonen" title="Eero Lehtonen">Eero Lehtonen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finland_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics" title="Finland at the 1920 Summer Olympics">FIN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_pentathlon" title="Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's pentathlon">1924</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Eero_Lehtonen" title="Eero Lehtonen">Eero Lehtonen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finland_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics" title="Finland at the 1924 Summer Olympics">FIN</a>)</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:gold;">Decathlon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1912</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jim Thorpe</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1912 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1920</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Helge_L%C3%B8vland" title="Helge Løvland">Helge Løvland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Norway_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics" title="Norway at the 1920 Summer Olympics">NOR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1924</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Harold_Osborn" title="Harold Osborn">Harold Osborn</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1924 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1928</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Paavo_Yrj%C3%B6l%C3%A4" title="Paavo Yrjölä">Paavo Yrjölä</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finland_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics" title="Finland at the 1928 Summer Olympics">FIN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1932</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Bausch" title="Jim Bausch">Jim Bausch</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1932 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1936</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Morris" title="Glenn Morris">Glenn Morris</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1936 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1948</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Mathias" title="Bob Mathias">Bob Mathias</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1948 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1952</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Mathias" title="Bob Mathias">Bob Mathias</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1952 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1956</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Milt_Campbell" title="Milt Campbell">Milt Campbell</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1956 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1960</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Rafer_Johnson" title="Rafer Johnson">Rafer Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1960 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1964</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/German_Olympic_flag_%281959-1968%29.svg/22px-German_Olympic_flag_%281959-1968%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/German_Olympic_flag_%281959-1968%29.svg/33px-German_Olympic_flag_%281959-1968%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/German_Olympic_flag_%281959-1968%29.svg/44px-German_Olympic_flag_%281959-1968%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Willi_Holdorf" title="Willi Holdorf">Willi Holdorf</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Team_of_Germany_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="United Team of Germany at the 1964 Summer Olympics">EUA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1968</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Toomey" title="Bill Toomey">Bill Toomey</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1968 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1972</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Mykola_Avilov" title="Mykola Avilov">Mykola Avilov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics" title="Soviet Union at the 1972 Summer Olympics">URS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1976</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Caitlyn_Jenner" title="Caitlyn Jenner">Bruce Jenner</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1976 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1980</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Olympic_flag.svg/22px-Olympic_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Olympic_flag.svg/33px-Olympic_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Olympic_flag.svg/44px-Olympic_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Daley_Thompson" title="Daley Thompson">Daley Thompson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Great_Britain_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics" title="Great Britain at the 1980 Summer Olympics">GBR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1984</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Daley_Thompson" title="Daley Thompson">Daley Thompson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Great_Britain_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics" title="Great Britain at the 1984 Summer Olympics">GBR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1988</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Flag_of_East_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_East_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Schenk" title="Christian Schenk">Christian Schenk</a> (<a href="/wiki/East_Germany_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics" title="East Germany at the 1988 Summer Olympics">GDR</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1992</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Zm%C4%9Bl%C3%ADk" title="Robert Změlík">Robert Změlík</a> (<a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="Czechoslovakia at the 1992 Summer Olympics">TCH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">1996</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Dan_O%27Brien" title="Dan O'Brien">Dan O'Brien</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 1996 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">2000</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Erki_Nool" title="Erki Nool">Erki Nool</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estonia_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics" title="Estonia at the 2000 Summer Olympics">EST</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">2004</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Roman_%C5%A0ebrle" title="Roman Šebrle">Roman Šebrle</a> (<a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics" title="Czech Republic at the 2004 Summer Olympics">CZE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">2008</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Clay" title="Bryan Clay">Bryan Clay</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">2012</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Ashton_Eaton" title="Ashton Eaton">Ashton Eaton</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 2012 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">2016</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Ashton_Eaton" title="Ashton Eaton">Ashton Eaton</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics">USA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">2020</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Damian_Warner" title="Damian Warner">Damian Warner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Canada_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Canada at the 2020 Summer Olympics">CAN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_decathlon" title="Athletics at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon">2024</a>: <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Markus_Rooth" title="Markus Rooth">Markus Rooth</a> (<a href="/wiki/Norway_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics" title="Norway at the 2024 Summer Olympics">NOR</a>)</li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Canton_Bulldogs_head_coaches509" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: maroon !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canton_Bulldogs_head_coaches" title="Template:Canton Bulldogs head coaches"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canton_Bulldogs_head_coaches" title="Template talk:Canton Bulldogs head coaches"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canton_Bulldogs_head_coaches" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canton Bulldogs head coaches"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Canton_Bulldogs_head_coaches509" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Canton_Bulldogs" title="Canton Bulldogs">Canton Bulldogs head coaches</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Laub" title="Bill Laub">Bill Laub</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blondy_Wallace" title="Blondy Wallace">Blondy Wallace</a> (1905–1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cusack" title="Jack Cusack">Jack Cusack</a> (1912–1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Hazlett" title="Harry Hazlett">Harry Hazlett</a> (1913–1915)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jim Thorpe</a> (1915–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_Edwards" title="Cap Edwards">Cap Edwards</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Chamberlin" title="Guy Chamberlin">Guy Chamberlin</a> (1922–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Robb" title="Harry Robb">Harry Robb</a> (1925–1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Henry" title="Pete Henry">Pete Henry</a> (1926)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cleveland_Tigers_/_Indians_head_coaches354" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CF1020 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleveland_Tigers_head_coaches" title="Template:Cleveland Tigers head coaches"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cleveland_Tigers_head_coaches" title="Template talk:Cleveland Tigers head coaches"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cleveland_Tigers_head_coaches" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cleveland Tigers head coaches"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cleveland_Tigers_/_Indians_head_coaches354" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Tigers_(NFL)" title="Cleveland Tigers (NFL)">Cleveland Tigers / Indians head coaches</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peggy_Parratt" title="Peggy Parratt">Peggy Parratt</a> (1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Cofall" title="Stan Cofall">Stan Cofall</a> & <a href="/wiki/Al_Pierotti" title="Al Pierotti">Al Pierotti</a> (1920)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jim Thorpe</a> (1921)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oorang_Indians365" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#7D0008; color:#FFBE26;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oorang_Indians" title="Template:Oorang Indians"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFBE26">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oorang_Indians" title="Template talk:Oorang Indians"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFBE26">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oorang_Indians" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oorang Indians"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFBE26">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oorang_Indians365" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Oorang_Indians" title="Oorang Indians">Oorang Indians</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#7D0008; color:#FFBE26;"><div> <ul><li>Defunct <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> club 1922–1923</li> <li>Based in <a href="/wiki/LaRue,_Ohio" title="LaRue, Ohio">La Rue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFBE26; color:#7D0008;">The Franchise</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oorang_Indians#History" title="Oorang Indians">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oorang_Indians_players" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Oorang Indians players">Players</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFBE26; color:#7D0008;">Lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Lassa" title="Nick Lassa">Nick Lassa wrestles a Bear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halftime_show" title="Halftime show">Invention of the halftime show</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFBE26; color:#7D0008;">Owner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Lingo" title="Walter Lingo">Walter Lingo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFBE26; color:#7D0008;">Coach</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Thorpe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFBE26; color:#7D0008;">Seasons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1922_Oorang_Indians_season" title="1922 Oorang Indians season">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Oorang_Indians_season" title="1923 Oorang Indians season">1923</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFBE26; color:#7D0008;">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airedale_Terrier" title="Airedale Terrier">Airedale Terrier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NFL_commissioners82" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #013369 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #D50A0A, inset -2px -2px 0 #D50A0A;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NFL_commissioners" title="Template:NFL commissioners"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NFL_commissioners" title="Template talk:NFL commissioners"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NFL_commissioners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NFL commissioners"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NFL_commissioners82" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_the_NFL" title="Commissioner of the NFL">NFL commissioners</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jim Thorpe</a> (1920–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Carr" title="Joseph Carr">Joseph Carr</a> (1921–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Storck" title="Carl Storck">Carl Storck</a> (1939–1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Layden" title="Elmer Layden">Elmer Layden</a> (1941–1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Bell" title="Bert Bell">Bert Bell</a> (1946–1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Gunsel" title="Austin Gunsel">Austin Gunsel</a> # (1959–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Rozelle" title="Pete Rozelle">Pete Rozelle</a> (1960–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tagliabue" title="Paul Tagliabue">Paul Tagliabue</a> (1989–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Goodell" title="Roger Goodell">Roger Goodell</a> (2006–present)</li></ul> # denotes interim status </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Football_League_founders1250" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #013369 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #D50A0A, inset -2px -2px 0 #D50A0A;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Football_League_founders" title="Template:National Football League founders"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Football_League_founders" title="Template talk:National Football League founders"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Football_League_founders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Football League founders"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Football_League_founders1250" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> founders</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><div>Group who <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Football_League" title="History of the National Football League">founded the National Football League</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canton,_Ohio" title="Canton, Ohio">Canton, Ohio</a> on September 17, 1920 at Ralph Hay's <a href="/wiki/Hupmobile" title="Hupmobile">Hupmobile</a> dealership</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/Akron_Pros" title="Akron Pros">Akron Pros</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Nied" title="Frank Nied">Frank Nied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Ranney" title="Art Ranney">Art Ranney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/Canton_Bulldogs" title="Canton Bulldogs">Canton Bulldogs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hay" title="Ralph Hay">Ralph Hay</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jim Thorpe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Tigers_(NFL)" title="Cleveland Tigers (NFL)">Cleveland Indians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Cofall" title="Stan Cofall">Stan Cofall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_O%27Donnell" title="Jimmy O'Donnell">Jimmy O'Donnell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Triangles" title="Dayton Triangles">Dayton Triangles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Storck" title="Carl Storck">Carl Storck</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears">Decatur Staleys</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">George Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_O%27Brien_(American_football)" title="Morgan O'Brien (American football)">Morgan O'Brien</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hammond_Pros" title="Hammond Pros">Hammond Pros</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doc_Young" title="Doc Young">Doc Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/Massillon_Tigers" title="Massillon Tigers">Massillon Tigers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hay" title="Ralph Hay">Ralph Hay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/Muncie_Flyers" title="Muncie Flyers">Muncie Flyers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Ball" title="Earl Ball">Earl Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooney_Checkaye" title="Cooney Checkaye">Cooney Checkaye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Chicago_Cardinals" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Chicago Cardinals">Racine (Chicago) Cardinals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_O%27Brien_(American_football)" title="Chris O'Brien (American football)">Chris O'Brien</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rochester_Jeffersons" title="Rochester Jeffersons">Rochester Jeffersons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Lyons_(American_football)" title="Leo Lyons (American football)">Leo Lyons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #D50A0A !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rock_Island_Independents" title="Rock Island Independents">Rock Island Independents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Flanigan" title="Walter Flanigan">Walter Flanigan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/19px-Baseball.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/29px-Baseball.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/38px-Baseball.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="520" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Baseball" title="Portal:Baseball">Baseball</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221482#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1466" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221482#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1466" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221482#identifiers" 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