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fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Complications sub menu" id="cluster-category-afbe6dc2-6967-4cf2-9d71-2c062bfcdac5"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Complications</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/most-dangerous-complications-of-hiv">Complications</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-retinopathy">HIV Retinopathy</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/hiv-weight-loss">Weight Loss</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/hiv-encephalopathy">HIV Encephalopathy</a></li></ul></div></li><li><h3><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cluster-category-96950952-11af-4a56-ac0d-76d3a369df0d" class="css-145tynm">Stages<svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Stages sub menu" id="cluster-category-96950952-11af-4a56-ac0d-76d3a369df0d"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Stages</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/acute-hiv-infection">Acute HIV Infection</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-life-cycle">Stages</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/hiv-vs-aids">HIV vs. AIDS</a></li></ul></div></li><li><h3><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cluster-category-a9062130-1d39-487f-b0f3-c6fa082c3a92" class="css-145tynm">Diagnosis<svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Diagnosis sub menu" id="cluster-category-a9062130-1d39-487f-b0f3-c6fa082c3a92"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Diagnosis</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/seroconversion-time">Seroconversion Time</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/does-a-pap-smear-test-for-HIV">Pap Smear</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/tests">Diagnosis</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/4th-generation-hiv-test">4th Generation Test</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" 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aria-label="Prevention sub menu" id="cluster-category-61ab6a5f-8cf0-4086-9419-de0688307b49"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Prevention</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/how-long-does-hiv-live-outside-the-body">Virus Outside the Body</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/circumcised-vs-uncircumcised-hiv">Male Circumcision</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/cd4-viral-count">CD4 vs. Viral Load</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/do-condoms-prevent-hiv">Condoms</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/hiv-prevention/safe-sex-practices-for-men">For Men Who Have Sex with Men</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/oral-sex-hiv">Oral Sex</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/can-you-get-hiv-from-a-toilet-seat">Toilet Seats</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/is-hiv-transmitted-through-kissing">Kissing</a></li></ul></div></li><li><h3><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cluster-category-b32906c3-4c08-4bdc-aaa9-499e99e0ee50" class="css-145tynm">Diet<svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Diet sub menu" id="cluster-category-b32906c3-4c08-4bdc-aaa9-499e99e0ee50"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Diet</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/hiv-diet">Diet</a></li></ul></div></li><li><h3><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cluster-category-5239a6ca-5715-4e35-a032-f42ea1ffac9e" class="css-145tynm">Management<svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Management sub menu" id="cluster-category-5239a6ca-5715-4e35-a032-f42ea1ffac9e"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Management</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/self-care-with-hiv">Management</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/medical-marijuana-and-hiv-aids">Medical Marijuana</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-apply-for-disability-benefits-due-to-hiv">Disability Benefits</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/healthy-sex/can-you-have-sex-with-hiv">Safe Sex</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/fatigue">Managing Fatigue</a></li></ul></div></li><li><h3><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cluster-category-33c6a60d-9295-468c-be29-51a643367d0e" class="css-145tynm">Types<svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Types sub menu" id="cluster-category-33c6a60d-9295-468c-be29-51a643367d0e"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Types</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-in-children">In Children</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/hiv-strains">Types</a></li></ul></div></li><li><h3><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cluster-category-0f94bfc3-01f0-4d46-a91a-094330acfb67" class="css-145tynm">Prognosis<svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Prognosis sub menu" id="cluster-category-0f94bfc3-01f0-4d46-a91a-094330acfb67"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Prognosis</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/cure">Outlook</a></li></ul></div></li><li><h3><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cluster-category-759e94f4-41f3-4288-a834-6a6ae019c61a" class="css-145tynm">Related Conditions<svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Related Conditions sub menu" id="cluster-category-759e94f4-41f3-4288-a834-6a6ae019c61a"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Related Conditions</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/herpes-vs-aids">Herpes</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/oral-thrush-hiv">Oral Thrush</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/linear-gingival-erythema">Gingival Erythema</a></li></ul></div></li><li><h3><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cluster-category-36f135f5-b17a-4643-bcb9-ecc9751b6aa7" class="css-145tynm">Treatment<svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Treatment sub menu" id="cluster-category-36f135f5-b17a-4643-bcb9-ecc9751b6aa7"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Treatment</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/salvage-therapy">Salvage Therapy</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/nucleoside-nucleotide-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitors">Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/protease-inhibitors">Protease Inhibitors</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/integrase-inhibitors">Integrase Inhibitors</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/understanding-the-aids-cocktail">Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/antiretroviral-drugs-side-effects-adherence">ART Side Effects</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/medications-list">Treatment</a></li><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/cost-of-treatment">Cost</a></li></ul></div></li><li><h3><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cluster-category-7e4f02fe-9464-473e-9e5e-fcfa7dcbfadb" class="css-145tynm">Causes & Risk Factors<svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Causes & Risk Factors sub menu" id="cluster-category-7e4f02fe-9464-473e-9e5e-fcfa7dcbfadb"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Causes & Risk Factors</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/chances-of-contracting-hiv-after-one-exposure">Causes & Risk Factors</a></li></ul></div></li><li><h3><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="cluster-category-e074f94e-adc7-4101-a1f7-aaf39cdbedf1" class="css-145tynm">Home Remedies<svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.05 1.222 5.271.001l.611.611 7.779 7.777.611.61-.611.612-7.778 7.778-.61.61-1.223-1.221.611-.611L11.827 9 4.05 1.222z"></path></svg></button></h3><div class="css-1f1wri" aria-label="Home Remedies sub menu" id="cluster-category-e074f94e-adc7-4101-a1f7-aaf39cdbedf1"><button class="css-u56rre"><svg color="currentColor" width="16px" height="16px" style="flex-shrink:0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M14.95 2.222 13.729 1l-.611.611L5.339 9.39l-.611.61.611.611 7.778 7.779.61.61 1.223-1.222-.611-.611L7.173 10l7.777-7.778z"></path></svg>Home Remedies</button><ul class="css-j309u6"><li><a class="css-byqu81" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/alternative-treatments">Home Remedies</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div></div></nav><div><div class="css-m260rd"><div data-article-body="0" class="css-1h1rean css-1kdolwm"><div class="css-z468a2"><h1>Do You Get Tested for HIV Before You Have Surgery?</h1><div data-preamp="social-proof-lessons"></div><div data-testid="byline"><section data-testid="byline" class="css-4baf7j"><div class="css-1q67gt9"><div class="css-quwpxp"><img src="//i0.wp.com/post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Meredith-Goodwin-Headshot-500x500-Bio.png?w=105&h=105" alt=""/></div></div><div><span><span><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-ro87dg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Medically reviewed</a> by <a class="css-1c2ok3c css-ro87dg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Meredith Goodwin, MD, FAAFP</a></span></span> — <span><span><span><span>Written by <a class="css-1c2ok3c css-ro87dg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Sian Ferguson</a></span></span></span></span> <span> on November 11, 2024</span></div></section></div><div><nav class="css-wp9hsz fontWeight" id="tab-bar-0" data-testid="tab-bar"><ul class="css-wy0i0w"><li class="css-a8aps"><a href="#origin" class="css-imydbp">Origin</a></li><li class="css-a8aps"><a href="#changes-over-time" class="css-imydbp">Changes over time</a></li><li class="css-a8aps"><a href="#typical-tests" class="css-imydbp">Typical tests</a></li><li class="css-a8aps"><a href="#takeaway" class="css-imydbp">Takeaway</a></li></ul></nav><article class="article-body css-d2znx6 undefined"><div data-testid="tabbed-article-section" class="css-12va8w7"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div><div><p class="css-w2pt6r">Although preoperative HIV testing is not mandatory in the United States, your healthcare team might offer or suggest an HIV test in some cases.</p></div></div><div><p>In the United States, it’s not a standard practice to get tested for HIV before surgery. Preoperative HIV testing is more common in other countries, especially in regions where HIV prevalence is higher. </p></div><div><div data-preamp="serena-chatbot"></div></div><div><p>If you’re scheduled for surgery and have concerns about your HIV status, you can ask your healthcare professional about getting tested, but you do not typically require it for most procedures.</p></div><div class="css-20w1gi"><aside class="css-0 css-0" data-testid="sticky-inline-ad" data-sticky="false"><div><div data-empty="true" class="css-1sq15os"><div class="css-1hjaa0k"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div id="inline2__slot" data-adbridg-ad-class="inline2__slot" data-ad="true" class="css-1t05dkn"></div></div></div></aside></div></div><div data-testid="tabbed-article-section" class="css-1avyp1d"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div><h2><div><a class="chartbeat-section" name="origin">When did this practice originate?</a></div></h2></div><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div><p>Routine preoperative HIV testing began in the late 1980s during the height of the AIDS epidemic.</p></div><div><p>At that time, HIV was not understood well, and <hl-trusted-source source="JAMA" rationale="Highly respected journal,Expert written journal,Peer reviewed journal"><a href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/594149" data-type="link" data-id="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/594149" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="content-link css-1c2ok3c">the concern</a></hl-trusted-source> for healthcare professionals was about the potential risk of transmission during surgeries, particularly in cases where there might be blood exposure. </p></div><div><p>The introduction of testing was a precautionary measure to protect both healthcare professionals and patients. Hospitals and surgical teams had concerns about the possibility of patients being immunocompromised without knowing it, which could complicate postsurgical recovery.</p></div><div><p>During this period in history, some hospitals implemented mandatory testing and established special protocols for surgeries involving people with HIV. Limited understanding of how the virus spreads and the high death rate linked to AIDS at the time fueled these practices.</p></div></div><div data-testid="tabbed-article-section" class="css-1avyp1d"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div><h2><div><a class="chartbeat-section" name="changes-over-time">Why has this practice become less common?</a></div></h2></div><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div><p>As health experts know more about <a href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/transmission-myths" class="content-link css-1c2ok3c">HIV transmission</a> now, the practice of routine preoperative HIV testing has become less common in many parts of the world. </p></div><div><p>By the late 1990s and early 2000s, <a href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/history" class="content-link css-1c2ok3c">improvements</a> in HIV treatment, testing, and infection management measures changed the landscape of surgical care.</p></div><div><p>Hospitals and surgical settings have widely adopted universal precautions (protocols that treat all patients as though they might have an infectious disease). </p></div><div><p>Precautions like wearing gloves during surgery ensure that there is a minimum risk of transmitting HIV and other bloodborne infections, regardless of a person’s HIV status. </p></div><div><p>As a result, the need for specific HIV testing prior to surgery diminished, and testing became more targeted to people with known risk factors or in specific medical contexts.</p></div><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div data-testid="tabbed-article-section" class="css-1avyp1d"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div><h2><div><a class="chartbeat-section" name="typical-tests">What does routine preoperative testing look like today?</a></div></h2></div><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div><p>Today, routine preoperative testing in the United States generally focuses on assessing a person’s overall health to ensure they’re fit for surgery. </p></div><div><p>This often includes tests for: </p></div><div><ul><li>Heart and lung function</li><li>Complete blood counts</li><li>Tests to check for anemia, blood clotting disorders, or other conditions that may complicate surgery</li></ul></div><div><p>Healthcare professionals do not typically include an HIV test in these routine tests. However, they may recommend it in certain situations, such as:</p></div><div><ul><li>if you belong to a high risk group</li><li>if you have had possible exposure</li><li>if your HIV status is critical to your postsurgical recovery</li></ul></div><div><p>It’s also worth noting that while preoperative HIV testing isn’t routine in most places, many hospitals do follow strict privacy policies when they order these tests for individuals.</p></div><div><p>In countries with higher rates of HIV or where healthcare resources are different, preoperative HIV testing may be more common. </p></div><div><p>In these settings, the <a href="https://europepmc.org/article/NBK/nbk576018" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="content-link css-1c2ok3c">goal</a> is often to ensure that people living with HIV receive the appropriate care during and after surgery, especially if they have a compromised immune system.</p></div></div><div data-testid="tabbed-article-section" class="css-1avyp1d"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div><h2><div><a class="chartbeat-section" name="takeaway">The bottom line</a></div></h2></div><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><div><p>In the US, HIV testing before surgery isn’t standard practice for most people, but you can request a test if you’re concerned about your status. </p></div><div><p>Advances in infection management and universal precautions have made routine HIV testing less necessary in preoperative care. </p></div><div><p>If you’re unsure about whether you need HIV testing before your procedure, it’s best to talk with a healthcare professional for personalized advice. </p></div><div><hr/></div><div><div><figure class="css-1n1futn"><span class="css-rwmw5v"><span class="css-1s8jdqi"><lazy-image alt="Sian Ferguson" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/image-3.jpeg" srcSet="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/image-3.jpeg 250w" className="css-1jytyml"></lazy-image></span></span></figure></div></div><div><p><em>Sian Ferguson is a freelance health and cannabis writer based in Cape Town, South Africa. She’s passionate about empowering readers to take care of their mental and physical health through science-based, empathetically delivered information.</em></p></div></div></article><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><p data-testid="last-medically-reviewed" class="css-1kir5of"><span> </span></p><div><div class="css-140fa3i"><div class="css-15lc7zf"><h3 id="bylineArticleTools">How we reviewed this article:</h3><div class="css-vrhe66"><button type="button" class="css-5sudr5"><div class="css-rre5oz"><span class="css-1d75hb8"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 20 20"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 10C0 4.477 4.477 0 10 0s10 4.477 10 10-4.477 10-10 10S0 15.523 0 10Zm18.5 0a8.5 8.5 0 1 0-17 0 8.5 8.5 0 0 0 17 0ZM10 4c-.823 0-1.5.677-1.5 1.518C8.5 6.323 9.177 7 10 7c.841 0 1.5-.677 1.5-1.482A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 10 4Zm0 4.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1V15a1 1 0 1 1-2 0V9.5a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span>Sources</span></div></button><button type="button" open="" class="css-5sudr5"><div class="css-rre5oz"><span class="css-1d75hb8"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="20" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 22 20"><path fill="currentColor" d="M3.181 9.732c.43 0 .793-.003 1.157 0 .66.007 1.023.613.696 1.19a221.037 221.037 0 0 1-1.774 3.072c-.329.557-1.038.553-1.366-.007-.6-1.02-1.191-2.043-1.774-3.072-.325-.575.043-1.177.708-1.183h.808c.055-.447.088-.882.165-1.309.557-3.104 2.187-5.489 4.913-7.056 3.679-2.114 8.05-1.75 11.352.913 2.062 1.664 3.29 3.84 3.625 6.473.678 5.323-3.012 10.254-8.308 11.103-3.215.515-6.044-.356-8.476-2.515-.297-.259-.373-.598-.233-.92.14-.323.454-.52.805-.454.187.04.361.13.504.26a8.618 8.618 0 0 0 4.383 2.108c3.72.63 7.513-1.394 9.084-4.846a8.521 8.521 0 0 0-6.047-11.911C8.763.618 4.201 3.71 3.353 8.4c-.078.427-.112.863-.172 1.331Z"></path><path fill="currentColor" d="M10.12 7.212V3.711a.778.778 0 0 1 1.535-.171c.017.104.024.21.02.314v6.25a.412.412 0 0 0 .168.368c1.125.89 2.241 1.791 3.362 2.686.26.208.405.466.342.803-.11.583-.76.829-1.244.459-.485-.37-.952-.756-1.427-1.135-.79-.633-1.578-1.27-2.373-1.898a.933.933 0 0 1-.385-.793c.008-1.125.003-2.252.003-3.382Z"></path></svg></span><span>History</span></div></button></div><div class="css-1ndif92"><div class="css-1xn3edc css-1rkrrlx"><div id="article-resources" role="region" class="css-1ugaz02"><div class="css-0">Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We only use quality, credible sources to ensure content accuracy and integrity. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our <a class="css-1c2ok3c" href="https://www.healthline.com/about/process">editorial policy</a>.</div><ul class="css-1vedeqe"><li class="css-1ti7iub"><cite><span>A timeline of HIV and AIDS. (2024).</span><br/><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-1ivue52" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/history/hiv-and-aids-timeline">https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/history/hiv-and-aids-timeline</a></cite></li><li class="css-1ti7iub"><cite><span>Fournier A, et al. (1989). Preoperative screening for HIV infection: A balanced view for the practicing surgeon.</span><br/><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-1ivue52" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/594149">https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/594149</a></cite></li><li class="css-1ti7iub"><cite><span>Getting tested for HIV. (2024).</span><br/><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-1ivue52" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/testing/index.html">https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/testing/index.html</a></cite></li><li class="css-1ti7iub"><cite><span>HIV testing in the United States. (2024).</span><br/><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-1ivue52" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.kff.org/hivaids/fact-sheet/hiv-testing-in-the-united-states/">https://www.kff.org/hivaids/fact-sheet/hiv-testing-in-the-united-states/</a></cite></li><li class="css-1ti7iub"><cite><span>Joseph B, et al. (2018). Mandatory HIV testing as a prerequisite for surgical procedures: Perspectives on rights and ethics.</span><br/><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-1ivue52" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.7196/SAJBL.2018.v11i2.636">https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.7196/SAJBL.2018.v11i2.636</a></cite></li><li class="css-1ti7iub"><cite><span>Testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (2023).</span><br/><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-1ivue52" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/testing-for-hiv">https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/testing-for-hiv</a></cite></li><li class="css-1ti7iub"><cite><span>Yan L, et al. (2021). Perioperative care in adults with HIV.</span><br/><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-1ivue52" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://europepmc.org/article/NBK/nbk576018">https://europepmc.org/article/NBK/nbk576018</a></cite></li></ul></div></div></div><div open="" class="css-1ndif92"></div></div><div class="css-1289m5j" data-testid="share-tools"><p>Share this article</p><div class="css-14uyzrw"><div class="button-wrapper print"><a class="css-j5n0jw print button icon icon-hl-print" target="_blank" title="Print this page"></a></div><div class="button-wrapper email"><a class="css-j5n0jw email button icon icon-hl-email" target="_blank" title="Email this page"></a></div><div class="button-wrapper facebook"><a class="css-j5n0jw facebook button icon icon-hl-facebook" 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href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/is-a-negative-hiv-test-at-6-weeks-conclusive?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="text-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">There are a few different kinds of HIV tests, and they all have different window periods for best accuracy.</a></p><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-y30xg1" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv/is-a-negative-hiv-test-at-6-weeks-conclusive;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|2" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Is a Negative HIV Test at 6 Weeks Conclusive?|rn1" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv/is-a-negative-hiv-test-at-6-weeks-conclusive?utm_source=ReadNext" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">READ MORE<span class="icon-hl-arrow-right css-1bisyf5"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-17lceqi css-1ub4i5m"></section></div></div></li><li class="css-1d1kvj4"><div class="css-m260rd"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-z468a2 css-t8t3ia"><div class="css-k3xa71"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><figure class="css-1pvwan1"><a class="css-j5n0jw" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/hiv-prevention/prep-vs-pep-infographic;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|3" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|PrEP vs. PEP: What Do They Do?|rn2" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/hiv-prevention/prep-vs-pep-infographic?utm_source=ReadNext" aria-label="image-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" data-testid="image-link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><div class="css-79elbk"><span class="css-rwmw5v css-1pf0x3y"><span class="css-1767n2d"><lazy-image alt="PrEP vs. PEP: What Do They Do?" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/843031-PrEP-vs.-PEP-What-Do-They-Do-732x549-Thumbnail.png" srcSet="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/843031-PrEP-vs.-PEP-What-Do-They-Do-732x549-Thumbnail.png 200w" className="css-1lyqwde"></lazy-image></span></span><span class="css-1fb1nmp"><span class="css-a10gts"></span></span></div></a></figure><div class="css-u8uhak"><a class="css-j5n0jw css-1hjyqqq" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/hiv-prevention/prep-vs-pep-infographic;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|3" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|PrEP vs. PEP: What Do They Do?|rn2" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/hiv-prevention/prep-vs-pep-infographic?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="title-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">PrEP vs. PEP: What Do They Do?</a><p><a class="css-2fdibo css-v34bze" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/hiv-prevention/prep-vs-pep-infographic;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|3" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|PrEP vs. PEP: What Do They Do?|rn2" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/hiv-prevention/prep-vs-pep-infographic?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="text-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">People can take PrEP before possible HIV exposure, while PEP is for after exposure. Although they both help prevent HIV, the medications work…</a></p><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-y30xg1" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/hiv-prevention/prep-vs-pep-infographic;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|3" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|PrEP vs. PEP: What Do They Do?|rn2" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/hiv-prevention/prep-vs-pep-infographic?utm_source=ReadNext" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">READ MORE<span class="icon-hl-arrow-right css-1bisyf5"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-17lceqi css-1ub4i5m"><div data-empty="true" class="css-vhteyv"><div class="css-1hjaa0k"><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div id="DCMR2__slot" data-adbridg-ad-class="DCMR2" data-ad="true" class="css-prb4v6"></div></div></section></div></div></li><li class="css-1d1kvj4"><div class="css-m260rd"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-z468a2 css-t8t3ia"><div class="css-k3xa71"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><figure class="css-1pvwan1"><a class="css-j5n0jw" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/why-build-supportive-community-with-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|4" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|6 Reasons to Build a Supportive Community with HIV|rn3" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/why-build-supportive-community-with-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" aria-label="image-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" data-testid="image-link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><div class="css-79elbk"><span class="css-rwmw5v css-1pf0x3y"><span class="css-1767n2d"><lazy-image alt="6 Reasons to Build a Supportive Community with HIV" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/group-of-people-friends-sitting-on-grass-group-therapy-session-732x549-thumbnail.jpg" srcSet="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/group-of-people-friends-sitting-on-grass-group-therapy-session-732x549-thumbnail.jpg 200w" className="css-1lyqwde"></lazy-image></span></span><span class="css-1fb1nmp"><span class="css-a10gts"></span></span></div></a></figure><div class="css-u8uhak"><a class="css-j5n0jw css-1hjyqqq" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/why-build-supportive-community-with-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|4" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|6 Reasons to Build a Supportive Community with HIV|rn3" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/why-build-supportive-community-with-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="title-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">6 Reasons to Build a Supportive Community with HIV</a><p><a class="css-2fdibo css-v34bze" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/why-build-supportive-community-with-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|4" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|6 Reasons to Build a Supportive Community with HIV|rn3" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/why-build-supportive-community-with-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="text-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">Building a supportive community when you have HIV can help boost your mental and physical health. </a></p><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-y30xg1" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/why-build-supportive-community-with-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|4" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|6 Reasons to Build a Supportive Community with HIV|rn3" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/why-build-supportive-community-with-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">READ MORE<span class="icon-hl-arrow-right css-1bisyf5"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-17lceqi css-1ub4i5m"></section></div></div></li><li class="css-1d1kvj4"><div class="css-m260rd"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-z468a2 css-t8t3ia"><div class="css-k3xa71"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><figure class="css-1pvwan1"><a class="css-j5n0jw" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/financial-barriers-hiv-treatment-advocate;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|5" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Ask the Advocate: How Can I Overcome Financial Barriers to Getting HIV Treatment?|rn4" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/financial-barriers-hiv-treatment-advocate?utm_source=ReadNext" aria-label="image-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" data-testid="image-link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><div class="css-79elbk"><span class="css-rwmw5v css-1pf0x3y"><span class="css-1767n2d"><lazy-image alt="Ask the Advocate: How Can I Overcome Financial Barriers to Getting HIV Treatment?" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/tied-up-bundle-of-US-hundred-dollar-bills-red-string-thumb-tacks-732x549-thumbnail.jpg" srcSet="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/tied-up-bundle-of-US-hundred-dollar-bills-red-string-thumb-tacks-732x549-thumbnail.jpg 200w" className="css-1lyqwde"></lazy-image></span></span><span class="css-1fb1nmp"><span class="css-a10gts"></span></span></div></a></figure><div class="css-u8uhak"><a class="css-j5n0jw css-1hjyqqq" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/financial-barriers-hiv-treatment-advocate;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|5" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Ask the Advocate: How Can I Overcome Financial Barriers to Getting HIV Treatment?|rn4" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/financial-barriers-hiv-treatment-advocate?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="title-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">Ask the Advocate: How Can I Overcome Financial Barriers to Getting HIV Treatment?</a><section data-testid="byline" class="css-ra9ywe"><div class="css-1pz7193"><div class="css-quwpxp"><lazy-image alt="" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Avi-Varna-500x500-Bio.png"></lazy-image></div></div><div><span><span>Medically reviewed by <a class="css-1c2ok3c css-ro87dg" href="https://www.healthline.com/medical-team">Avi Varma, MD, MPH, AAHIVS, FAAFP</a></span></span></div></section><p><a class="css-2fdibo css-v34bze" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/financial-barriers-hiv-treatment-advocate;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|5" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Ask the Advocate: How Can I Overcome Financial Barriers to Getting HIV Treatment?|rn4" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/financial-barriers-hiv-treatment-advocate?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="text-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">Angelo Trinidad, who works to provide access to care and treatment for people with HIV and AIDS, shares how people with HIV can access lifesaving…</a></p><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-y30xg1" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/financial-barriers-hiv-treatment-advocate;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|5" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Ask the Advocate: How Can I Overcome Financial Barriers to Getting HIV Treatment?|rn4" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/financial-barriers-hiv-treatment-advocate?utm_source=ReadNext" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">READ MORE<span class="icon-hl-arrow-right css-1bisyf5"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-17lceqi css-1ub4i5m"></section></div></div></li><li class="css-1d1kvj4"><div class="css-m260rd"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-z468a2 css-t8t3ia"><div class="css-k3xa71"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><figure class="css-1pvwan1"><a class="css-j5n0jw" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/thriving-with-hiv-personal-story;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|6" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Learning to Thrive: One Nurse’s Journey with HIV|rn5" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/thriving-with-hiv-personal-story?utm_source=ReadNext" aria-label="image-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" data-testid="image-link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><div class="css-79elbk"><span class="css-rwmw5v css-1pf0x3y"><span class="css-1767n2d"><lazy-image alt="Learning to Thrive: One Nurse’s Journey with HIV" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/female-healthcare-worker-leaving-house-732x549-thumbnail.jpg" srcSet="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/female-healthcare-worker-leaving-house-732x549-thumbnail.jpg 200w" className="css-1lyqwde"></lazy-image></span></span><span class="css-1fb1nmp"><span class="css-a10gts"></span></span></div></a></figure><div class="css-u8uhak"><a class="css-j5n0jw css-1hjyqqq" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/thriving-with-hiv-personal-story;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|6" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Learning to Thrive: One Nurse’s Journey with HIV|rn5" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/thriving-with-hiv-personal-story?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="title-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">Learning to Thrive: One Nurse’s Journey with HIV</a><p><a class="css-2fdibo css-v34bze" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/thriving-with-hiv-personal-story;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|6" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Learning to Thrive: One Nurse’s Journey with HIV|rn5" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/thriving-with-hiv-personal-story?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="text-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">Bridgette Picou, a licensed vocational nurse from Palm Springs, California, shares how she went from being diagnosed with HIV to caring for others…</a></p><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-y30xg1" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/thriving-with-hiv-personal-story;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|6" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Learning to Thrive: One Nurse’s Journey with HIV|rn5" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/thriving-with-hiv-personal-story?utm_source=ReadNext" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">READ MORE<span class="icon-hl-arrow-right css-1bisyf5"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-17lceqi css-1ub4i5m"></section></div></div></li><li class="css-1d1kvj4"><div class="css-m260rd"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-z468a2 css-t8t3ia"><div class="css-k3xa71"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><figure class="css-1pvwan1"><a class="css-j5n0jw" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/bv-and-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|7" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Is There a Link Between Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and HIV?|rn6" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/bv-and-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" aria-label="image-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" data-testid="image-link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><div class="css-79elbk"><span class="css-rwmw5v css-1pf0x3y"><span class="css-1767n2d"><lazy-image alt="Is There a Link Between Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and HIV?" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/woman-patient-in-hospital-gown-pre-natal-medical-exam-732x549-thumbnail.jpg" srcSet="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/woman-patient-in-hospital-gown-pre-natal-medical-exam-732x549-thumbnail.jpg 200w" className="css-1lyqwde"></lazy-image></span></span><span class="css-1fb1nmp"><span class="css-a10gts"></span></span></div></a></figure><div class="css-u8uhak"><a class="css-j5n0jw css-1hjyqqq" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/bv-and-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|7" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Is There a Link Between Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and HIV?|rn6" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/bv-and-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="title-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">Is There a Link Between Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and HIV?</a><p><a class="css-2fdibo css-v34bze" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/bv-and-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|7" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Is There a Link Between Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and HIV?|rn6" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/bv-and-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="text-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">Bacterial vaginosis (BV) increases the risk of HIV by compromising the vaginal environment. People with HIV are more likely to develop BV and other…</a></p><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-y30xg1" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/bv-and-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|7" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Is There a Link Between Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and HIV?|rn6" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/bv-and-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">READ MORE<span class="icon-hl-arrow-right css-1bisyf5"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-17lceqi css-1ub4i5m"></section></div></div></li><li class="css-1d1kvj4"><div class="css-m260rd"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-z468a2 css-t8t3ia"><div class="css-k3xa71"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><figure class="css-1pvwan1"><a class="css-j5n0jw" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/complementary-care-therapies-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|8" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Complementary Care Toolkit for HIV|rn7" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/complementary-care-therapies-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" aria-label="image-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" data-testid="image-link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><div class="css-79elbk"><span class="css-rwmw5v css-1pf0x3y"><span class="css-1767n2d"><lazy-image alt="Complementary Care Toolkit for HIV" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mixed-race-group-meditation-yoga-class-732x549-thumbnail.jpg" srcSet="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/mixed-race-group-meditation-yoga-class-732x549-thumbnail.jpg 200w" className="css-1lyqwde"></lazy-image></span></span><span class="css-1fb1nmp"><span class="css-a10gts"></span></span></div></a></figure><div class="css-u8uhak"><a class="css-j5n0jw css-1hjyqqq" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/complementary-care-therapies-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|8" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Complementary Care Toolkit for HIV|rn7" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/complementary-care-therapies-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="title-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">Complementary Care Toolkit for HIV</a><p><a class="css-2fdibo css-v34bze" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/complementary-care-therapies-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|8" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Complementary Care Toolkit for HIV|rn7" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/complementary-care-therapies-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="text-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">People with HIV may benefit from certain complementary therapies to improve both their physical and mental health.</a></p><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-y30xg1" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/complementary-care-therapies-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|8" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Complementary Care Toolkit for HIV|rn7" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/complementary-care-therapies-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">READ MORE<span class="icon-hl-arrow-right css-1bisyf5"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-17lceqi css-1ub4i5m"></section></div></div></li><li class="css-1d1kvj4"><div class="css-m260rd"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-z468a2 css-t8t3ia"><div class="css-k3xa71"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><figure class="css-1pvwan1"><a class="css-j5n0jw" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/coping-with-loneliness-with-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|9" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Mental Health Spotlight: Coping with Loneliness While Living with HIV|rn8" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/coping-with-loneliness-with-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" aria-label="image-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" data-testid="image-link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><div class="css-79elbk"><span class="css-rwmw5v css-1pf0x3y"><span class="css-1767n2d"><lazy-image alt="Mental Health Spotlight: Coping with Loneliness While Living with HIV" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/group-of-mixed-races-and-ages-volunteering-732x549-thumbnail.jpg" srcSet="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/group-of-mixed-races-and-ages-volunteering-732x549-thumbnail.jpg 200w" className="css-1lyqwde"></lazy-image></span></span><span class="css-1fb1nmp"><span class="css-a10gts"></span></span></div></a></figure><div class="css-u8uhak"><a class="css-j5n0jw css-1hjyqqq" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/coping-with-loneliness-with-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|9" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Mental Health Spotlight: Coping with Loneliness While Living with HIV|rn8" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/coping-with-loneliness-with-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="title-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">Mental Health Spotlight: Coping with Loneliness While Living with HIV</a><section data-testid="byline" class="css-ra9ywe"><div class="css-1pz7193"><div class="css-quwpxp"><lazy-image alt="" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Nicole-Washington-500x500-Bio.png"></lazy-image></div></div><div><span><span>Medically reviewed by <a class="css-1c2ok3c css-ro87dg" href="https://www.healthline.com/medical-team">Nicole Washington, DO, MPH</a></span></span></div></section><p><a class="css-2fdibo css-v34bze" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/coping-with-loneliness-with-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|9" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Mental Health Spotlight: Coping with Loneliness While Living with HIV|rn8" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/coping-with-loneliness-with-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="text-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">Even though HIV is a manageable, chronic condition, stigma remains. This contributes to negative ideas about people with HIV, increasing the risk of…</a></p><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-y30xg1" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-aids/coping-with-loneliness-with-hiv;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|9" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|Mental Health Spotlight: Coping with Loneliness While Living with HIV|rn8" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/coping-with-loneliness-with-hiv?utm_source=ReadNext" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">READ MORE<span class="icon-hl-arrow-right css-1bisyf5"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-17lceqi css-1ub4i5m"></section></div></div></li><li class="css-1d1kvj4"><div class="css-m260rd"><div class="css-1h1rean"><div class="css-z468a2 css-t8t3ia"><div class="css-k3xa71"><span style="font-size:0;line-height:0"></span><figure class="css-1pvwan1"><a class="css-j5n0jw" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-and-other-health-conditions;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|10" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|What to Know About Managing HIV with Other Health Conditions|rn9" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-and-other-health-conditions?utm_source=ReadNext" aria-label="image-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" data-testid="image-link" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><div class="css-79elbk"><span class="css-rwmw5v css-1pf0x3y"><span class="css-1767n2d"><lazy-image alt="What to Know About Managing HIV with Other Health Conditions" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/young-man-monitoring-glucose-levels-blood-using-smart-phone-732x549-thumbnail.jpg" srcSet="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/young-man-monitoring-glucose-levels-blood-using-smart-phone-732x549-thumbnail.jpg 200w" className="css-1lyqwde"></lazy-image></span></span><span class="css-1fb1nmp"><span class="css-a10gts"></span></span></div></a></figure><div class="css-u8uhak"><a class="css-j5n0jw css-1hjyqqq" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-and-other-health-conditions;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|10" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|What to Know About Managing HIV with Other Health Conditions|rn9" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-and-other-health-conditions?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="title-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">What to Know About Managing HIV with Other Health Conditions</a><section data-testid="byline" class="css-ra9ywe"><div class="css-1pz7193"><div class="css-quwpxp"><lazy-image alt="" src="https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Meredith-Goodwin-Headshot-500x500-Bio.png"></lazy-image></div></div><div><span><span>Medically reviewed by <a class="css-1c2ok3c css-ro87dg" href="https://www.healthline.com/medical-team">Meredith Goodwin, MD, FAAFP</a></span></span></div></section><p><a class="css-2fdibo css-v34bze" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-and-other-health-conditions;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|10" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|What to Know About Managing HIV with Other Health Conditions|rn9" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-and-other-health-conditions?utm_source=ReadNext" data-testid="text-link" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1">People living with HIV may also have to manage other health conditions like cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, depression, anxiety, and more.</a></p><a class="css-1c2ok3c css-y30xg1" data-event="engagement|bottom page content promo click|/health/hiv-and-other-health-conditions;engagement|bottom page content promo click index|10" data-element-event="INTERNAL LINK|FOOTER|Any Page|Read This Next|LINK|What to Know About Managing HIV with Other Health Conditions|rn9" href="https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-and-other-health-conditions?utm_source=ReadNext" data-ga4="Read Next button clicks">READ MORE<span class="icon-hl-arrow-right css-1bisyf5"></span></a></div></div></div><section class="css-17lceqi css-1ub4i5m"></section></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div><span class="css-zya54r"></span><span class="css-zya54r"></span></div><div class="css-i9gxme"></div><footer class="css-1dytfcg"><div class="css-1dppxl0"><hl-social-nav></hl-social-nav><div class="css-1b2ri56"><div class="css-uktbta css-1tn87m4"><hl-newsletter-cta buttonText="SIGN UP" source="footer_widget" subscribeEventTracking="Newsletter Acquisition|footer_widget|submit" className="css-13njx2h" category="Newsletter Acquisition" formatType="footer" name="footer_widget" productId="footer_widget" variant="footer_widget"></hl-newsletter-cta><div class="css-16bllps css-17cs55w">© 2025 Healthline Media LLC. 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Then, we personally tested some of them to narrow down our list even further. \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/health/how-we-test-cbd\"\u003eRead more about how we test CBD products.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},"cbd-lotions-creams":{"metrics":[{"description":"CBD lotions, creams, \u0026 balms evaluated","count":"150+"},{"description":"brands of CBD lotions, creams, \u0026 balms evaluated","count":"75+"},{"description":"CBD lotions, creams, \u0026 balms personally tested","count":"20+"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate CBD lotions, creams, and balms","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. 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Then, we personally tested some of them to narrow down our list even further. \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/health/how-we-test-cbd\"\u003eRead more about how we test CBD products.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},"online-therapy":{"metrics":[{"description":"online therapy platforms evaluated","count":"35+"},{"description":"online therapy platforms personally tested","count":"12"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate online therapy platforms","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. 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We fact-check health claims, evaluate ingredients, and look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the products on this page, we considered all the protein powders that passed our vetting process. Then, we personally tested some of them to narrow down our list even further.\u003c/p\u003e"},"glp1-telehealth":{"metrics":[{"description":"telehealth companies evaluated","count":"200+"},{"description":"online GLP-1 providers evaluated","count":"13+"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate online GLP-1 services","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. We evaluate services for consistency with standards of care and best practices, and we look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the services on this page, we considered all the GLP-1 services that passed our vetting process. Then, we looked at availability, cost, and the additional resources each service provides to narrow down our list even further.\u003c/p\u003e"},"all-vitamins":{"metrics":[{"description":"vitamins, minerals, and supplements evaluated","count":"1320+"},{"description":"vitamins, minerals, and supplements personally tested","count":"95+"},{"description":"vitamin, mineral, and supplement brands personally tested","count":"40+"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate vitamins, minerals, and supplements","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. We fact-check health claims, evaluate ingredients, and look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the brands on this page, we considered all the vitamin brands that passed our vetting process. Then, we personally tested some of them to narrow down our list even further.\u003c/p\u003e"},"multivitamins":{"metrics":[{"description":"multivitamins evaluated","count":"100+"},{"description":"multivitamin brands evaluated","count":"55+"},{"description":"multivitamins personally tested","count":"20+"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate multivitamins","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. We fact-check health claims, evaluate ingredients, and look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the products on this page, we considered all the multivitamins that passed our vetting process. Then, we personally tested some of them to narrow down our list even further.\u003c/p\u003e"},"prenatals":{"metrics":[{"description":"vitamins, minerals, and supplements evaluated","count":"1320+"},{"description":"prenatal vitamins evaluated","count":"35+"},{"description":"prenatal vitamin brands evaluated","count":"30+"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate prenatals","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. 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We fact-check health claims, evaluate ingredients, and look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the products on this page, we considered all the probiotics that passed our vetting process. Then, we personally tested some of them to narrow down our list even further.\u003c/p\u003e"},"vitamin-d":{"metrics":[{"description":"vitamins, minerals, and supplements evaluated","count":"1320+"},{"description":"vitamin D supplements evaluated","count":"40+"},{"description":"vitamin D brands evaluated","count":"25+"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate vitamin D supplements","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. We fact-check health claims, evaluate ingredients, and look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the products on this page, we considered all the vitamin D supplements that passed our vetting process. Then, we personally tested some of them to narrow down our list even further.\u003c/p\u003e"},"creatine":{"metrics":[{"description":"creatine supplements evaluated by our medical standards team","count":"35"},{"description":"creatine supplements met our criteria","count":"28"},{"description":"creatine supplements personally tested by our team","count":"9"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate creatine supplements","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. We fact-check health claims, evaluate ingredients, and look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the products on this page, we considered all the creatine supplements that passed our vetting process. Then, we personally tested some of them to narrow down our list even further.\u003c/p\u003e"},"mattresses":{"metrics":[{"description":"mattresses evaluated","count":"250+"},{"description":"mattress brands evaluated","count":"80+"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate mattresses","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. We fact-check health claims, evaluate materials, and look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the products on this page, we considered all the mattresses that passed our vetting process. Then, we \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/health/sleep/healthline-scores-how-we-rate-mattresses\"\u003escored each mattress\u003c/a\u003e to narrow down our list even further.\u003c/p\u003e"},"pillows":{"metrics":[{"description":"pillows evaluated","count":"210"},{"description":"pillow brands evaluated","count":"140+"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate pillows","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. We fact-check health claims, evaluate materials, and look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the products on this page, we considered all the pillows that passed our vetting process.\u003c/p\u003e"},"ed-telehealth":{"metrics":[{"description":"telehealth companies evaluated","count":"200+"},{"description":"online ED treatment providers evaluated","count":"20+"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate online ED services","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. We evaluate services for consistency with standards of care and best practices, and we look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the services on this page, we considered all the ED treatment services that passed our vetting process. Then, we \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/health/healthline-scores-how-we-evaluate-mens-telehealth-platforms\"\u003escored each service\u003c/a\u003e to narrow down our list even further.\u003c/p\u003e"},"birth-control-telehealth":{"metrics":[{"description":"telehealth companies evaluated","count":"200+"},{"description":"online birth control providers evaluated","count":"14"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate online birth control services","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eMedical Standards and Insights team\u003c/a\u003e has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. We evaluate services for consistency with standards of care and best practices, and we look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo choose the services on this page, we considered all the birth control services that passed our vetting process. Then, we \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/health/how-we-review-birth-control\"\u003escored each service\u003c/a\u003e to narrow down our list even further.\u003c/p\u003e"},"hemp":{"metrics":[{"description":"hemp brands evaluated","count":"230+"},{"description":"hemp brands met our criteria","count":"57"},{"description":"hemp brands we've personally tested","count":"30+"}],"explanationTitle":"How we evaluate hemp products","explanationDescription":"\u003cp\u003eOur Medical Standards and Insights team has carefully researched and vetted over 11,000 products and services. We fact-check health claims, evaluate ingredients, and look into each brand’s reputation before sharing products and services on Healthline. The brand we feature in this article has passed our strict vetting process and has been thoroughly tested by our reviewers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/about/vet-brands-and-products\"\u003eRead more about how we vet brands and products.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"}},"isPrependRecipeH2":false,"recipes":[],"hideTabs":false,"tabs":[{"id":"_noHeaderPrefixedContent","title":null,"header":null,"body":[{"tagName":"div","source":"\u003cp class=\"css-w2pt6r\"\u003eAlthough preoperative HIV testing is not mandatory in the United States, your healthcare team might offer or suggest an HIV test in some cases.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"tagName":"p","source":"In the United States, it’s not a standard practice to get tested for HIV before surgery. Preoperative HIV testing is more common in other countries, especially in regions where HIV prevalence is higher. "},{"tagName":"div","attributes":{"data-preamp":"serena-chatbot"},"source":""},{"tagName":"p","source":"If you’re scheduled for surgery and have concerns about your HIV status, you can ask your healthcare professional about getting tested, but you do not typically require it for most procedures."}]},{"id":"origin","title":"Origin","isCollapsable":false,"header":["When did this practice originate?"],"body":[{"tagName":"p","source":"Routine preoperative HIV testing began in the late 1980s during the height of the AIDS epidemic."},{"tagName":"p","source":"At that time, HIV was not understood well, and \u003chl-trusted-source source=\"JAMA\" rationale=\"Highly respected journal,Expert written journal,Peer reviewed journal\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/594149\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/594149\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" class=\"content-link css-1c2ok3c\"\u003ethe concern\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/hl-trusted-source\u003e for healthcare professionals was about the potential risk of transmission during surgeries, particularly in cases where there might be blood exposure. "},{"tagName":"p","source":"The introduction of testing was a precautionary measure to protect both healthcare professionals and patients. Hospitals and surgical teams had concerns about the possibility of patients being immunocompromised without knowing it, which could complicate postsurgical recovery."},{"tagName":"p","source":"During this period in history, some hospitals implemented mandatory testing and established special protocols for surgeries involving people with HIV. Limited understanding of how the virus spreads and the high death rate linked to AIDS at the time fueled these practices."}]},{"id":"changes-over-time","title":"Changes over time","isCollapsable":false,"header":["Why has this practice become less common?"],"body":[{"tagName":"p","source":"As health experts know more about \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/transmission-myths\" class=\"content-link css-1c2ok3c\"\u003eHIV transmission\u003c/a\u003e now, the practice of routine preoperative HIV testing has become less common in many parts of the world. "},{"tagName":"p","source":"By the late 1990s and early 2000s, \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthline.com/health/hiv-aids/history\" class=\"content-link css-1c2ok3c\"\u003eimprovements\u003c/a\u003e in HIV treatment, testing, and infection management measures changed the landscape of surgical care."},{"tagName":"p","source":"Hospitals and surgical settings have widely adopted universal precautions (protocols that treat all patients as though they might have an infectious disease). "},{"tagName":"p","source":"Precautions like wearing gloves during surgery ensure that there is a minimum risk of transmitting HIV and other bloodborne infections, regardless of a person’s HIV status. "},{"tagName":"p","source":"As a result, the need for specific HIV testing prior to surgery diminished, and testing became more targeted to people with known risk factors or in specific medical contexts."}]},{"id":"typical-tests","title":"Typical tests","isCollapsable":false,"header":["What does routine preoperative testing look like today?"],"body":[{"tagName":"p","source":"Today, routine preoperative testing in the United States generally focuses on assessing a person’s overall health to ensure they’re fit for surgery. "},{"tagName":"p","source":"This often includes tests for: "},{"tagName":"ul","source":"\u003cli\u003eHeart and lung function\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eComplete blood counts\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eTests to check for anemia, blood clotting disorders, or other conditions that may complicate surgery\u003c/li\u003e"},{"tagName":"p","source":"Healthcare professionals do not typically include an HIV test in these routine tests. However, they may recommend it in certain situations, such as:"},{"tagName":"ul","source":"\u003cli\u003eif you belong to a high risk group\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eif you have had possible exposure\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003eif your HIV status is critical to your postsurgical recovery\u003c/li\u003e"},{"tagName":"p","source":"It’s also worth noting that while preoperative HIV testing isn’t routine in most places, many hospitals do follow strict privacy policies when they order these tests for individuals."},{"tagName":"p","source":"In countries with higher rates of HIV or where healthcare resources are different, preoperative HIV testing may be more common. "},{"tagName":"p","source":"In these settings, the \u003ca href=\"https://europepmc.org/article/NBK/nbk576018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" class=\"content-link css-1c2ok3c\"\u003egoal\u003c/a\u003e is often to ensure that people living with HIV receive the appropriate care during and after surgery, especially if they have a compromised immune system."}]},{"id":"takeaway","title":"Takeaway","isCollapsable":false,"header":["The bottom line"],"body":[{"tagName":"p","source":"In the US, HIV testing before surgery isn’t standard practice for most people, but you can request a test if you’re concerned about your status. "},{"tagName":"p","source":"Advances in infection management and universal precautions have made routine HIV testing less necessary in preoperative care. "},{"tagName":"p","source":"If you’re unsure about whether you need HIV testing before your procedure, it’s best to talk with a healthcare professional for personalized advice. "},{"tagName":"hr"},{"tagName":"div","source":"\u003cfigure class=\"css-1n1futn\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"css-rwmw5v\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"css-1s8jdqi\"\u003e\u003clazy-image alt=\"Sian Ferguson\" src=\"https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/image-3.jpeg\" srcSet=\"https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/image-3.jpeg 250w\" className=\"css-1jytyml\"\u003e\u003c/lazy-image\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/figure\u003e"},{"tagName":"p","source":"\u003cem\u003eSian Ferguson is a freelance health and cannabis writer based in Cape Town, South Africa. She’s passionate about empowering readers to take care of their mental and physical health through science-based, empathetically delivered information.\u003c/em\u003e"}]}],"hasAffiliateLinks":false,"affiliates":[],"isDisclaimer":false,"isOwnedAndOperatedPresent":false,"propsFor":{"articleResources":[{"displayLink":"hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/history/hiv-and-aids-timeline","link":"https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/history/hiv-and-aids-timeline","title":{"tagName":"span","source":"A timeline of HIV and AIDS. (2024)."}},{"displayLink":"jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/594149","link":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/594149","title":{"tagName":"span","source":"Fournier A, et al. (1989). Preoperative screening for HIV infection: A balanced view for the practicing surgeon."}},{"displayLink":"cdc.gov/hiv/testing/index.html","link":"https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/testing/index.html","title":{"tagName":"span","source":"Getting tested for HIV. 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She loves reading and baking, sometimes at the same time.\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"avatar":{"title":"","width":500,"height":500,"src":"https://post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Carly-Werner-500x500-Bio.png"}}],"reviewedByHeader":"Medically reviewed by"},{"title":["Ask the Advocate: How Can I Overcome Financial Barriers to Getting HIV Treatment?"],"text":["Angelo Trinidad, who works to provide access to care and treatment for people with HIV and AIDS, shares how people with HIV can access lifesaving…"],"link":"/health/hiv-aids/financial-barriers-hiv-treatment-advocate","imageAlt":"Ask the Advocate: How Can I Overcome Financial Barriers to Getting HIV Treatment?","thumbnail":"https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/tied-up-bundle-of-US-hundred-dollar-bills-red-string-thumb-tacks-732x549-thumbnail.jpg","medicallyReviewedBy":{"reviewerName":"Avi Varma, MD, MPH, AAHIVS, FAAFP","reviewerImage":{"path":"https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Avi-Varna-500x500-Bio.png","width":200,"height":200,"altText":""}},"isNutrition":false,"authors":[{"id":7002,"name":{"display":"Erica Patino","first":"Erica","last":"Patino"},"userLogin":"epatino","links":{"website":"","facebook":"","linkedin":"","twitter":"","instagram":"","tiktok":""},"link":"/authors/erica-patino","type":{"value":"author","label":"Author"},"nid":"","specialties":[],"guestTitle":"","bio":{"text":"\u003cp data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\"\u003eErica Patino is a veteran health writer and editor who specializes in covering chronic diseases. As someone who has lived with genetic hearing loss most of her life, she brings empathy to content about chronic health conditions. Erica writes for online publications like Everyday Health, Sharecare, Twill Care, and more. She has a bachelor\u0026#8217;s degree in English and a master\u0026#8217;s degree in Media Studies. You can find out more about her on \u003ca class=\"ProsemirrorEditor-link\" href=\"https://authory.com/ericapatino\"\u003eAuthory\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca class=\"ProsemirrorEditor-link\" href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/patino/\"\u003eLinkedIn\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"avatar":{"title":"","width":500,"height":500,"src":"https://post.healthline.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Erica-Patino-500x500-Bio.png"}}],"reviewedByHeader":"Medically reviewed by"},{"title":["Learning to Thrive: One Nurse’s Journey with HIV"],"text":["Bridgette Picou, a licensed vocational nurse from Palm Springs, California, shares how she went from being diagnosed with HIV to caring for others…"],"link":"/health/hiv-aids/thriving-with-hiv-personal-story","imageAlt":"Learning to Thrive: One Nurse’s Journey with HIV","thumbnail":"https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/female-healthcare-worker-leaving-house-732x549-thumbnail.jpg","isNutrition":false,"authors":[{"id":66,"name":{"display":"Heather Grey","first":"Heather","last":"Grey"},"userLogin":"heatherpcruickshank","links":{"website":"","facebook":"","linkedin":"","twitter":"","instagram":"","tiktok":""},"link":"/authors/heather-grey","type":{"value":"author","label":"Author"},"nid":"","specialties":[],"guestTitle":"","bio":{"text":"\u003cp data-pm-slice=\"1 1 []\"\u003eHeather Grey is a freelance writer who has been covering health and wellness-related topics since 2013. Her work has appeared in a variety of publications, including Healthline, Medical News Today, Livestrong, and GOOD.\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"avatar":{"title":"","src":""}}],"reviewedByHeader":"Medically reviewed by"},{"title":["Is There a Link Between Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and HIV?"],"text":["Bacterial vaginosis (BV) increases the risk of HIV by compromising the vaginal environment. People with HIV are more likely to develop BV and other…"],"link":"/health/bv-and-hiv","imageAlt":"Is There a Link Between Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and HIV?","thumbnail":"https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/woman-patient-in-hospital-gown-pre-natal-medical-exam-732x549-thumbnail.jpg","isNutrition":false,"authors":[{"id":212,"name":{"display":"Sian Ferguson","first":"Sian","last":"Ferguson"},"userLogin":"sianfergs","links":{"website":"","facebook":"","linkedin":"","twitter":"","instagram":"","tiktok":""},"link":"/authors/sian-ferguson","type":{"value":"author","label":"Author"},"nid":"156019","specialties":[],"guestTitle":"","bio":{"text":"\u003cp\u003eSian Ferguson is a freelance health and cannabis writer based in Cape Town, South Africa. 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This contributes to negative ideas about people with HIV, increasing the risk of…"],"link":"/health/hiv-aids/coping-with-loneliness-with-hiv","imageAlt":"Mental Health Spotlight: Coping with Loneliness While Living with HIV","thumbnail":"https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/group-of-mixed-races-and-ages-volunteering-732x549-thumbnail.jpg","medicallyReviewedBy":{"reviewerName":"Nicole Washington, DO, MPH","reviewerImage":{"path":"https://media.post.rvohealth.io/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Nicole-Washington-500x500-Bio.png","width":200,"height":200,"altText":""}},"isNutrition":false,"authors":[{"id":685,"name":{"display":"Carly Werner, RD","first":"Carly","last":"Werner"},"userLogin":"carlymsadler","links":{"website":"","facebook":"","linkedin":"","twitter":"","instagram":"","tiktok":""},"link":"/authors/carly-werner-rd","type":{"value":"author","label":"Author"},"nid":"","specialties":[],"guestTitle":"","bio":{"text":"\u003cp\u003eCarly (she/her) is a freelance writer and registered dietitian based in Ontario, Canada who loves writing about a variety of health topics. 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