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Global Priorities: Education - Frost & Sullivan Institute
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fa fa-arrow-up " ></i> </span> </a> <!-- <div class="donate_btn"> <a href="http://fsi.lancersglobal.com/donate/">Donate</a> </div> --> <div class="content "> <div class="content_inner "> </div> <div data-elementor-type="wp-page" data-elementor-id="1147" class="elementor elementor-1147"> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-17321761 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no" data-id="17321761" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-background-overlay"></div> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-17450433" data-id="17450433" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap"> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-73731a5e after_splash spalsh_edu elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no" data-id="73731a5e" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-background-overlay"></div> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-696b8d33" data-id="696b8d33" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-56eeee0a elementor-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle gp_title elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box" data-id="56eeee0a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image-box.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-image-box-wrapper"><figure class="elementor-image-box-img"><img decoding="async" width="150" height="150" data-src="https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/education-4-150x150.png" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-3141 lazyload" alt="" data-srcset="https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/education-4-150x150.png 150w, https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/education-4-300x300.png 300w, https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/education-4-500x500.png 500w, https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/elementor/thumbs/education-4-p3dxonweaee98ms2tvr633vabn3yec3967pyc5249s.png 80w, https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/education-4.png 512w" data-sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 150px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 150/150;" /><noscript><img decoding="async" width="150" height="150" src="https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/education-4-150x150.png" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-image-3141" alt="" srcset="https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/education-4-150x150.png 150w, https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/education-4-300x300.png 300w, https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/education-4-500x500.png 500w, https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/elementor/thumbs/education-4-p3dxonweaee98ms2tvr633vabn3yec3967pyc5249s.png 80w, https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/education-4.png 512w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></noscript></figure><div class="elementor-image-box-content"><h3 class="elementor-image-box-title">Education</h3></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5875b1a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="5875b1a4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>In low-income economies, 1 in 4 young people are illiterate. While education is a fundamental human right, with one out of five children being out of school, millions of children worldwide are deprived of this right. Unfortunately, there is a $39 billion gap to achieving quality education for all children by 2030. Bridging this gap is not an insurmountable challenge; by contributing a mere 15 cents per child per day, the international community can make an immense impact. At FSI, we are committed to working with the global community, leveraging opportunities for synergies, and collaborating with governments and policymakers to ensure that access to education becomes a reality.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f8a0470 elementor-tabs-view-vertical education_tab elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs" data-id="f8a0470" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="tabs.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-tabs"> <div class="elementor-tabs-wrapper" role="tablist" > <div id="elementor-tab-title-2601" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="true" data-tab="1" role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2601" aria-expanded="false">Equal Access</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2602" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="2" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2602" aria-expanded="false">ED-Tech</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2603" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="3" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2603" aria-expanded="false">Quality Education</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2604" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="4" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2604" aria-expanded="false">Education Resources</div> </div> <div class="elementor-tabs-content-wrapper" role="tablist" aria-orientation="vertical"> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="true" data-tab="1" role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2601" aria-expanded="false">Equal Access</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2601" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="1" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2601" tabindex="0" hidden="false"><ul><li>How can education systems promote critical thinking, empathy, and global citizenship to address complex societal challenges effectively?</li><li>How can educational institutions adapt to the changing needs of the workforce in a rapidly evolving digital economy?</li></ul></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="2" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2602" aria-expanded="false">ED-Tech</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2602" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2602" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><ul><li>How can innovative pedagogical approaches and digital learning platforms address disparities in access to quality education? (AI perspective)</li><li>AI changing the needs and requirements of skills required.</li></ul></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="3" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2603" aria-expanded="false">Quality Education</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2603" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="3" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2603" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><ul><li>What role can arts education play in promoting creativity, empathy, and emotional intelligence among students, preparing them for success in an ever-changing world?</li><li>How can education institutions integrate environmental sustainability principles into curriculum development and campus operations, inspiring future generations to become stewards of the planet?</li><li>What innovative approaches exist for inclusive education that accommodates diverse learning styles, abilities, and neurodiversity, ensuring that all students have equitable access to educational opportunities?</li><li>How can education systems address the mental health and well-being of students, providing comprehensive support services and fostering resilience in the face of academic and social pressures?</li></ul></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="4" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2604" aria-expanded="false">Education Resources</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2604" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="4" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2604" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><ul><li>What are the opportunities and challenges associated with global learning initiatives such as virtual exchange programs, international collaborations, and cross-cultural exchanges, fostering global citizenship and intercultural competence?</li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-59b7a5f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no" data-id="59b7a5f" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e96e5ed" data-id="e96e5ed" data-element_type="column" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-129fd2d gp_title elementor-widget__width-auto eael-dual-header-content-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-dual-color-header" data-id="129fd2d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="eael-dual-color-header.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="eael-dual-header"> <h2 class="title"><span class="lead solid-color">Related Thought </span> <span>Leadership</span></h2> <span class="subtext"></span> <span class="eael-dch-svg-icon"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4d2e16e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no" data-id="4d2e16e" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-488eec2" data-id="488eec2" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ac3844d elementor-widget elementor-widget-ha-post-tab happy-addon ha-post-tab" data-id="ac3844d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="ha-post-tab.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="ha-post-tab ha-post-tab-top ha-post-tab-grid-1 ha-post-tab-grid-tablet-3 ha-post-tab-grid-mobile-1" data-query-args="{"post_type":"post","taxonomy":"category","item_limit":30,"orderby":"date","order":"desc","show_user_meta":"no","show_date_meta":"no","excerpt":"no","title_tag":"p"}" data-event="click"> <ul class="ha-post-tab-filter ha-text--center"> <li class="active" data-term="62">Education</li> </ul> <div class="ha-post-tab-content"> <div class="ha-post-tab-item-wrapper active" data-term=" 62"> <div class="ha-post-tab-item"> <div class="ha-post-tab-item-inner"> <p class="ha-post-tab-title"><a href="https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Importance-of-community-based-initiatives-in-promoting-literacy-in-the-underdeveloped-nations.pdf#new_tab">Importance of community-based initiatives in promoting literacy in the underdeveloped nations</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="ha-post-tab-item"> <div class="ha-post-tab-item-inner"> <p class="ha-post-tab-title"><a href="https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Access-to-Quality-Education-in-Low-Income-Countries.pdf#new_tab">Access to Quality Education in Low-Income Countries</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="ha-post-tab-item"> <div class="ha-post-tab-item-inner"> <p class="ha-post-tab-title"><a href="https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/How-Does-Education-Play-A-Role-In-Generating-Skilled-Workforce-In-Switzerland.pdf#new_tab">How Does Education Play A Role In Generating Skilled Workforce In Switzerland</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="ha-post-tab-item"> <div class="ha-post-tab-item-inner"> <p class="ha-post-tab-title"><a href="https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Impact-Of-Excess-Population-On-Education-In-Least-Developed-Countries.pdf#new_tab">Impact Of Excess Population On Education In Least Developed Countries</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-beff3c8 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no" data-id="beff3c8" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac687bb" data-id="ac687bb" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0194f9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="0194f9e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/How-Does-Education-Play-A-Role-In-Generating-Skilled-Workforce-In-Switzerland.pdf">How does education play a role in generating skilled workforce in Switzerland?</a></h1> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8cddda4 readmoretoggle elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle" data-id="8cddda4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="toggle.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-toggle"> <div class="elementor-toggle-item"> <div id="elementor-tab-title-1471" class="elementor-tab-title" data-tab="1" role="button" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-1471" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="elementor-toggle-title" tabindex="0">Read More...</a> </div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-1471" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="1" role="region" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-1471"><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">ABSTRACT<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Switzerland ranked as the best education system in the world but ranked third overall in the entire human capital report. Switzerland’s education system is one of the most advanced in the world. This distinctive characteristic of the Swiss education system is taking into account the wishes and the abilities of students. This attribute is done by diversifying the different directions a student can take once they’re done with their education. at the same time, there are few sectors where it gets flatter. It is analyzed in detail perspective and the suggestion that brings out the best practice to eradicate the same is mentioned here. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">___________________________________________________________________________</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">There is a clear and strong correlation between the educational attainment of a state’s workforce and median wages in the state. States can build a strong foundation for economic success and shared prosperity by investing in education. Providing expanded access to high quality education will not only expand economic opportunity for residents, but also likely do more to strengthen the overall state economy than anything else a state government can do. States can increase the strength of their economies and their ability to grow and attract high-wage employers by investing in education and increasing the number of well-educated workers. Investing in education is also good for state budgets in the long run, since workers with higher incomes contribute more through taxes over the course of their lifetimes. Skill acquisition is measured directly through subjective assessments. We find that higher educated workers are more likely to acquire additional skills. While this is primarily explained by between and within the occupation effects. Over educated workers with a vocational degree acquire fewer transferable and additional skills compared to similar educational backgrounds. Thus, higher-educated employees are more likely to acquire skills during their first jobs than lower-educated people. And this is very applicable for Switzerland which possess skilled workforce.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">TABLE 1 : SWITZERLAND HIGHER EDUCATION ATTAINMENT<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></span></p><table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-width: 1pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">Y</span></b></span><span><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">EAR</span></b></span><span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left-width: initial; border-left-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">S</span></b></span><span><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">HARE OF EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF THOSE AGED 25</span></b></span><span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2</span></span><span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">014</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">8</span></span><span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">8%</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2</span></span><span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">015</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">8</span></span><span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">8.2%</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2</span></span><span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">016</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">8</span></span><span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">8.5%</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2</span></span><span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">017</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">88.8%<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2</span></span><span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">018</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">88.9%<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2</span></span><span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">019</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">90.2%<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2</span></span><span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin">020</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">90.1%<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">2021<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">90.3%<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody></table><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> SOURCE: World Bank Data. <o:p></o:p></span></i></b></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"> </span></i></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">There is a high consensus among economists that education is one of the key determinants of people’s earnings. According to the human capital theory by Mincer, education is an investment that increases the market skills and productivity of individuals who undertake it. Consequently, these individuals earn higher wages in the labor market for their higher skills and productivity. While monetary returns to education take the form of higher earnings that people command in the labor market, there may also be non-monetary returns since higher education is often associated with psychic gains, such as increased respect from others. Like any other investment decision, investing in human capital through education entails costs that are borne in the short term with the expectation that benefits will be captured in the long term. The question of whether returns to education are high enough to justify the costs of additional education is an important question, not only for individuals but also for policymakers. It is often argued that government policies can improve the economic well-being of the poor by subsidizing their education, offering loans for college students, and imposing minimum education requirements. The typical method for estimating the rate of returns to education requires data on the earnings and levels of education of different individuals, along with estimations of the percentage change in earnings. The discussion above assumes that education increases individuals’ earnings by raising their productivity. An alternative argument is that education can increase earnings even if it does not make individuals more productive. The most common approach for determining the rate of returns to education includes data on different individuals’ wages and levels of education, as well as estimates of the percentage change in earnings. The preceding explanation implies that education boosts people’s wages through increasing their productivity. Another point is that education can enhance incomes even if individuals weren’t more productive.</span></span><span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Switzerland was an impoverished country in the nineteenth century, with a major portion of the people surviving on subsistence farming. The number of job opportunities has expanded as a result of rapid urbanisation and industrial expansion. Because Switzerland has so many multinational corporations, the demand for job seekers increased, and more people were employed at the same time. However, this is only applicable to the business and manufacturing sectors. This indicates that the service sector dominates the Swiss economy. Switzerland’s tourism business is booming, with jobs in the hospitality industry available all around the country. Many international workers, particularly those with advanced degrees, find work in Switzerland. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Professionals can improve their earning potential by honing and honing their abilities and skills. Switzerland has placed a higher focus on making an educational system capable of producing individuals capable of working in emerging sectors such as healthcare and industry. A push to strengthen the public’s basic education arose as well, with a growing notion that everyone has the right to an education. Better-trained people stimulate good outcomes and economic consequences throughout the society. In other sense, sense, having a skilled labour source from which to acquire personnel is an external aspect that all businesses profit too.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">TABLE 2: EMPLOYMENT RATE OF SWITZERLAND<o:p></o:p></span></p><table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-width: 1pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">Y</span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">EAR</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left-width: initial; border-left-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">E</span></b><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">MPLOYMENT IN MILLIONS</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">2</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">014</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">4</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">.82</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">2</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">015</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">4</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">.9</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">2</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">016</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">4</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">.97</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">2</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">017</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">5</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">.01</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">2</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">018</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">5</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">.07</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">2</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">019</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">5</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">.1</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">2</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">020</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">5</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">.09</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">2</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">021</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">5.1<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">2022*<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="451" valign="top" style="width: 225.4pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">5.14<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody></table><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">*-on the basis of speculation <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">SOURCE: World Bank Data.</span></i></b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Nonetheless, because the labour market is so limited, it can be difficult for international graduates to find job. Job competition is tough, especially as Swiss firms have begun to favour locals over foreigners in recent years. International workers may have a better chance in major Swiss cities than in smaller towns and villages. However, the cost of living in Swiss cities is considerable, which is offset by the country’s high incomes. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Switzerland is currently experiencing a labour shortage in the following areas: <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Engineering <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Financial services <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Information Technology <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Pharmaceuticals. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">TABLE 3 : EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT RATE AND LABOUR RATE IN CONCERN TO EMPLOYMENT SHORTAGE SECTORS<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td width="272" valign="top" style="width: 135.95pt; border-width: 1pt; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">NAME OF THE SECTOR<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </td> <td width="275" valign="top" style="width: 137.7pt; border-top: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left-width: initial; border-left-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT RATE<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </td> <td width="282" valign="top" style="width: 141.15pt; border-top: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left-width: initial; border-left-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">LABOUR RATE <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="272" valign="top" style="width: 135.95pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">Engineering <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </td> <td width="275" valign="top" style="width: 137.7pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">68.66%<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="282" valign="top" style="width: 141.15pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">44.2%<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="272" valign="top" style="width: 135.95pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">Financial service<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </td> <td width="275" valign="top" style="width: 137.7pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">76.3%<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="282" valign="top" style="width: 141.15pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">39.27%<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="272" valign="top" style="width: 135.95pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">Information technology<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </td> <td width="275" valign="top" style="width: 137.7pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">81.5%<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="282" valign="top" style="width: 141.15pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); background-position: initial; background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">57.6%<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="272" valign="top" style="width: 135.95pt; border-right: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-bottom: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-left: 1pt solid rgb(191, 191, 191); border-top-width: initial; border-top-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">Pharmaceuticals<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </td> <td width="275" valign="top" style="width: 137.7pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">88.7%<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="282" valign="top" style="width: 141.15pt; border-top-width: initial; border-style: none solid solid none; border-left-width: initial; border-bottom-width: 1pt; border-bottom-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); border-right-width: 1pt; border-right-color: rgb(191, 191, 191); padding: 0cm 5.4pt;"> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-IN">67.4%<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody></table><p style="line-height: normal;"><span><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US">SOURCE: OECD Data.</span></i></b></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Graduates with these abilities and qualifications, on the other hand, are in high demand. How can we resolve the issue in the same manner? <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">1.Engineering <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Engineering advancement and innovation are always changing. Technological breakthroughs occur on a regular basis. Prior to anything else, mastery of the subject is required. Candidates with some practical experience are preferred by employers. The frameworks/skills required by the corporate sector and those being learned by students are vastly different. This particular requirement of enabling comprehensive and intense experience learning is missing among the many up-skilling and re-skilling options accessible. As a result, the large skill-to-technical-changes divide must be bridged. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;color:black; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">2. Financial Service</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Starting a career in finance requires a combination of experience and education. Finance education can also educate students to financial concepts and essential information that they can apply in their future careers. An apprenticeship allows you to gain experience in the financial industry while learning more about it. Graduates must conduct research in order to gain a better understanding of the financial system. This will provide an opportunity for exposure. As a result, in finance occupations, academic competence and the ability to deal with numbers are required. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;color:black; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">3. Information Technology</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Only with the support of the IT sector can a prosperous economic growth be achieved. The pattern or character of growth, on the other hand, is important. Economic growth has an impact on the development of productive jobs not just because of the rate of increase, but also because of the efficiency with which growth is translated into productive jobs. When there is breakthrough in IT, the efficiency of diversification can be improved. Because the constraint operates as a roadblock to providing an efficient output rate, the answer may be to expand international trade and adjust the employment market on a regular basis. This may result in an increase in a company’s overall earnings. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;color:black; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">4. Pharmaceuticals </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN">Jobs in pharmacies and pharmacies may not be the same as they were in the past. According to recent assessments, it is a profession that will continue to be in demand. Regardless of the changes that occur around it, pharmacy will always be an employees service that revolves around patients and medicine. The pharmaceutical and biomedical industries both rely heavily on research. New drugs, composition and quality integration, toxicity tests, and the establishment of drug testing are all tasks that trained field workers must complete. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"> </span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin">SUMMARY OF FINDING AND CONCLUSION<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin">The pay scale is put under downturn as the labour supply grows. Wages frequently fall when employers’ demand for workers does not keep up with the labour supply. Employees in industries with minimal barriers to entry for new employees—those with occupations that don’t require a degree or any specialised training—are particularly harmed by an excess supply of labour. In contrast, sectors that demand more knowledge and training tend to pay greater earnings. The higher compensation is owing to a limited labour supply capable of operating in certain industries, as well as the large costs of required education and training. A successful economy has a workforce that can operate industries at a level that gives it a competitive advantage over other countries’ economies. Nations attempt to incentivize training through tax breaks, training facilities, and a number of other methods aimed at producing a better competent workforce.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"> </p><p style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin">A prosperous economy has a workforce that can operate areas of the economy at a level that creates a competitive advantage over other economies’ gdp. Nations may attempt to incentivize training through tax incentives, the provision of training facilities, or a variety of other methods aimed at producing a better competent workforce. Since educated people can more precision and reliability out tasks that involve reading and critical thinking, a country’s economy becomes more productive as the proportion of skilled employees increases.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:107%;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin"><br></span></p> <p>Article by <b>Samyuktha Subramaniam, Intern, Frost & Sullivan Institute </b><span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(220, 104, 116); font-family: "YADK3wbAtJU 1", _fb_, auto; font-size: 26.9941px; letter-spacing: 0.12em;"> </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #dc6874; font-family: 'YADK3wbAtJU 1', _fb_, auto; font-size: 26.9941px; letter-spacing: 0.12em;"> </span></p> <p><span style="display: block; color: #3693ac;">#Education #skilledworkforce </span></p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0256bdf elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no" data-id="0256bdf" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c67bb4e" data-id="c67bb4e" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-35e831e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="35e831e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://frostandsullivaninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Impact-Of-Excess-Population-On-Education-In-Least-Developed-Countries.pdf">Impact of excess Population on Education in least developed countries</a></h1> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b57c253 readmoretoggle elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle" data-id="b57c253" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="toggle.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-toggle"> <div class="elementor-toggle-item"> <div id="elementor-tab-title-1901" class="elementor-tab-title" data-tab="1" role="button" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-1901" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="elementor-toggle-title" tabindex="0">Read More...</a> </div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-1901" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="1" role="region" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-1901"><div> <div> <p style="margin-right: -21.2pt; text-align: center; background-position: initial; background-color: white;" align="center"><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">ABSTARCT</span></b></p> <p style="margin-right: -21.2pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">The study aims to analyze the impact of population explosion on Education Systems in the Least Developed Countries. Since the effects of population growth aren’t immediately visible in the adult literacy rate. The study analyses the impact of Population Growth on Educational Indicators like Enrolment Ratio, Pupil Teacher Ratio, Government Expenditure, Infrastructure.</span></i> <i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;"> The study relied on secondary data, that obtained from World Bank and United Nations reports. The findings reveal that there is a negative correlation between Government Expenditure on Education and Population Growth. Due to the prevalence of child labour, secondary enrollment is particularly low in the Least Developed Economies. In the Least Developed Economies, education quality continues to be a source of concern.</span></i></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">Keywords: Least Developed Economies, Population Explosion, Government Expenditure, Enrolment Ratio, Gender Parity Index</span></b></p> <p style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">___________________________________________________________________________</span></b></p> </div> <p style="margin-right: -21.2pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal; background-position: initial; background-color: white;" align="center"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span></i></p> <div> <p style="background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">INTRODUCTION</span></b></p> <p style="margin-right: -12.2pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">Since the mid-1970s, the relationship between education and population has piqued the interest of both academics and policymakers. Since the beginning of time, both the pace of population growth and the number of people living on the planet have increased dramatically.</span> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">Birth rates quickly changed in the wealthiest countries to reestablish a balance between births and deaths and achieve a population growth rate of less than 1% per year. Over the course of a woman’s reproductive life, the average number of children born to her has decreased from around seven to less than two in economically sophisticated societies. However, in the poorest countries, a substantial reduction in death rates has not been matched by a reduction in birth rates.</span></p> <p style="margin-right: -12.2pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">One of the most advanced arguments against population expansion is that it lowers children’s access to education. Kuznets (1973) considers this to be the most significant disadvantage of population expansion in Least Developed Countries<i>.</i></span></p> <div style="border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 0cm 1pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -12.2pt; border-width: initial initial 1.5pt initial;"> <p style="line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none; padding: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">As a result, the goal of this research is to give a follow-up to prior studies by examining how Least Developed Countries education system is affected by the excess population.</span></p> </div> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">According to the United Nations, Least developed countries (LDCs) are low-income countries that face serious structural barriers to long-term development. These countries are extremely sensitive to economic and environmental shocks, and their human capital is limited. According to the New York Report 2020 of the United Nations. There are 47 countries classified as Least Developed (measured on December 2018)</span></i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">.</span><i></i></p> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">EDUCATION IN LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES </span></b><i></i></p> <p style="margin-right: -7.7pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">The Least Developed Countries were quick to place education at the top of their development agendas as soon as they gained independence. Similar to the developing countries they claimed that achieving universal primary education would aid the countries’ post-independence recovery from abysmal poverty. This goal soon became a reality when more children began to occupy classrooms, governments improved infrastructure, and trained teachers were brought in. The Least Developed current primary school enrolment rate is above 80% on average, with the countries recording some of the largest increases in elementary school enrolment globally in the last few decades. Despite the gains in primary school enrollment, there are still disparities and inefficiencies in this crucial sector and one of the primary causes of such discrepancies is population growth.</span></p> <p style="margin-right: -7.7pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">According to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS), 287 million young people of primary and secondary school age (or 16 percent of the world’s youthful population) reside in LDCs. In the past, population changes in less developed countries were not advantageous to educational growth. The problem of overpopulation appears to influence every sector, but it appears to have the greatest impact on education. On the least developed countries, this effect is more visible. </span></p> </div> <p style="margin-right: -21.2pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal; background-position: initial; background-color: white;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span></p> <div> <p style="margin-right: -48.5pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">IMPACT OF POPULATION GROWTH ON EDUCATION </span></b></p> <p style="margin-right: -7.7pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">As the global population is on the rise. All countries seem to be striving to maintain an educational system that provides proper education to every student.</span> <span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">However, as time goes on, it appears that providing this education is becoming more difficult. As there are numerous factors that influence an economy’s educational system. So, let’s take a look at some of the educational indicators that have been impacted by population growth.</span></p> </div> <p style="margin-right: -21.2pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal; background-position: initial; background-color: white;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"> </span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm -17pt 8pt 13.5pt; text-indent: -18pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">1)<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">Government Expenditure on Education as a Share of Total Expenditure </span></b></p> <div style="border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 0cm 1pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white; margin-left: 9pt; margin-right: -17pt; border-width: initial initial 1.5pt initial;"> <p style="line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none; padding: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">Expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP is a good indicator of how important education is to a country’s budget. When it comes to putting education first, Primary education appears to be a priority in all LDCs. However, the countries fail to subsidize secondary and tertiary education. Educational Institutions rely on government funding to stay afloat. Governments that have seen population increase without economic growth may face opposition when it comes to</span></p> </div> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;"> According to the United Nation’s 2020 classification, the majority of African and some Asian nations are classified as Least Developed (47 Countries). The Study has made use of Data collected from the World Bank and United Nations Report. In order to better understand the link between Government Expenditure on Education and Population Growth in these nations, a correlation test was performed. The data for the metrics were collected from World Bank.</span></i></p> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">school finance. This can result in a lack of resources and insufficient cash for the student to participate in enrichment activities<i></i></span></p> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; text-align: center; background-position: initial; background-color: white;" align="center"><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">Table 1: </span></b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">Correlation Between Population Growth and Government Expenditure on Education </span></p> <table border="0" width="936" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; height: 12.45pt;"> <td style="width: 210.9pt; border-top: 1pt solid black; border-left-width: initial; border-left-style: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid black; border-right-width: initial; border-right-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 12.45pt;" valign="bottom" width="422"> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;"> </span></i></p> </td> <td style="width: 132.65pt; border-top: 1pt solid black; border-left-width: initial; border-left-style: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid black; border-right-width: initial; border-right-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 12.45pt;" valign="bottom" width="265"> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">Population</span></i></p> </td> <td style="width: 124.3pt; border-top: 1pt solid black; border-left-width: initial; border-left-style: none; border-bottom: 1pt solid black; border-right-width: initial; border-right-style: none; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 12.45pt;" valign="bottom" width="249"> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP)</span></i></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; height: 12.45pt;"> <td style="width: 210.9pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 12.45pt;" valign="bottom" width="422"> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">Population</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 132.65pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 12.45pt;" valign="bottom" width="265"> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">1</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 124.3pt; padding: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; height: 12.45pt;" valign="bottom" width="249"> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;"> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 13.0pt;"> <td style="width: 210.9pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 13pt; border-width: initial initial 1pt initial;" valign="bottom" width="422"> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP)</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 132.65pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 13pt; border-width: initial initial 1pt initial;" valign="bottom" width="265"> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">-0.275932255</span></p> </td> <td style="width: 124.3pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 5.4pt; height: 13pt; border-width: initial initial 1pt initial;" valign="bottom" width="249"> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: right; line-height: normal;" align="right"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">1</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">Source: World Bank Data, United Nations Report, 2020</span></i></p> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">The Above Table shows the correlation between Population Growth and Government Expenditure. As shown in the table the population growth has a negative impact on the Government expenditure on education. The negative correlation is due to the fact that many LDC’s seem to spend very less on education. While some countries, such as Malawi, appear to value education so much that they offer free tertiary education. Some countries appear to be doing exactly the opposite. Education accounts for only 0.6 percent of GDP in countries like Equatorial Guinea. The country’s GDP per capita is far higher than any of its Sub-Saharan African neighbors, however their expenditure on education is exceptionally low. This is because the government is frequently chastised for questionable spending practices, and income inequality is widespread.</span></p> <div style="border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 0cm 1pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -17pt; border-width: initial initial 1.5pt initial;"> <p style="line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none; padding: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">Myanmar also has an extremely low education expenditure, owing to poverty which is a significant obstacle to entry into primary and secondary institutions. Government budget cuts for social reasons have resulted in an increase in the costs each family must pay for their children’s education, as the primary source of funding has switched from taxes to out-of-pocket payments and charitable donations. The Central African Republic (CAR) is another country whose education system falls far short of international standards. Education spending by the government accounts for barely 1.6 percent of GDP. The CAR school system is in desperate need of renovation and better teaching and learning materials for pupils, yet repeated relocations among its inhabitants, as well as the country’s deficient infrastructure and security, act as substantial roadblocks to such attempts. Many other countries, such as Haiti (1.7 %), Uganda (2.04 %), and Angola (2.1 %), continue to have poor government spending. All of this combines up to a 3.29 % of Government expenditure in the Least Developed Countries in 2018. </span></p> </div> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">The metrics used for the Government Expenditure on Education (% of GDP) and Total Population. The de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship, is used to calculate total population. The figures indicated are estimates for the middle of the year. The overall government education expenditure (percentage of GDP) was calculated using General government education expenditure (current, capital, and transfers) represented as a percentage of GDP. It covers spending that is financed by overseas transfers to the government. Local, regional, and national governments are all included in the term “general government”.</span></i></p> <p style="margin: 0cm -17pt 0.0001pt 9pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none;"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">2)<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">Enrolment Ratio</span></b></p> <p style="margin-right: -21.2pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal; background-position: initial; background-color: white;" align="center"> </p><p style="margin: 0cm -17pt 0.0001pt -9pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; color: black;">Rapid population expansion, particularly among school-aged populations, is one reason for educational goals not being met. Korea (100 percent) and Singapore (100 percent) were the countries with the highest enrolment ratios in 1980. However, these countries benefited from low fertility, which was one of the key factors in their success (Jayasuriya 1982). In Current Scenario, while universal primary education has been achieved in the majority of Least Developed Countries. In secondary and tertiary education, the countries remain behind.</span></p> </div> <p style="margin: 0cm -17pt 0.0001pt -9pt; line-height: normal; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none;"><img decoding="async" 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" alt=""></p> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Fig 1:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Net Enrolment Ratio in<br>Primary and Secondary Education in LDC’s</span></p> <p style="line-height: normal; margin: 12.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Source:<br>World Bank Data, United Nations Report, 2020</span></i></p> <div style="border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 0cm 1pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -17pt; border-width: initial initial 1.5pt initial;"> <p style="line-height: normal; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none; padding: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">The Net Enrollment Ratio of Primary<br> and Secondary Schools in Least Developed Countries is depicted in the graph<br> above. The primary enrolment has been practically a flat line above the<br> secondary enrollment, as illustrated in the graph. LDCs are home to 287 million<br> young people in primary and secondary education. According to a UN estimate,<br> around two-thirds of African youngsters are effectively excluded from secondary<br> school. About 11 countries in Africa (Tanzania, Burundi, Madagascar, Mali,<br> Mauritania, Burkina Faso, Malawi, Rwanda, Cote d’Ivoire, Eritrea, Sierra Leone)<br> and Pakistan have less than 50% in secondary school enrolment.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">One of the</span></p> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">The metric used in the graphs above<br> (Fig1) is School Enrolment, Primary and Secondary (percentage of Net). The<br> ratio of children of official school age who are enrolled in school to the<br> population of the equivalent official school age is known as the net enrolment<br> rate. Primary education teaches students fundamental reading, writing, and math<br> abilities, as well as a rudimentary understanding of history, geography,<br> natural science, social science, art, and music. Secondary education completes<br> the primary-level supply of basic education and strives to create the basis for<br> lifelong learning and human development by providing more subject- or<br> skill-oriented training from more specialised teachers. The Enrollment Rate was<br> obtained from World Bank Data</span></i><span style="font-size:10.0pt; line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">main reasons for<br> the low enrolment are that in many African countries, compulsory schooling ends<br> when a child reaches the age of 13 or less. The prevalence of child labour is<br> another reason for poor secondary and postsecondary enrolment. Child labour<br> affects more children in Sub-Saharan Africa than the rest of the world<br> combined. According to estimates, 70 million children aged 5-17 years were<br> involved in child labor in the region as of 2016. Some other countries like<br> Malaysia, A military-run dictatorship has resulted in an ineffective education<br> system, with post-secondary education almost non-existent<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 0cm -17pt 8pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin; color:black">1)<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <br> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin;color:black">Quality of Education <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">In Least<br> Developed Countries, poor quality education leads to poor learning outcomes,<br> ultimately forcing children out of the educational system and leaving them<br> exposed to child labour, abuse, and violence. Teacher-centered rote learning,<br> corporal punishment, and inequality continue to be prevalent in many<br> classrooms. The two significant elements that influence quality of education<br> are the Pupil Teacher Ratio and Number of Qualified Teachers in the Primary and<br> Secondary Sectors. However, both these factors are highly influenced by<br> population growth. The greater the number of school-aged children in a society,<br> the more teachers are required to educate them. This can put a load on a system<br> that is already overburdened. However, as the population grows, several<br> challenges emerge, including the issue of education. As a result, funding for<br> the education sector is reduced.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <div style="border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 0cm 1pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -17pt; border-width: initial initial 1.5pt initial;"> <div style="border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 0cm 1pt; background-position: initial; background-color: white; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -17pt; border-width: initial initial 1.5pt initial;"> <p style="line-height: 150%; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none; padding: 0cm;"><br></p> </div> </div> </div> <p style="margin-right: -17pt; line-height: normal; background-position: initial; background-color: white;"><img decoding="async" 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" alt=""></p> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Fig 2:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Percentage of Trained<br>Teachers in Primary and Secondary Sector in LDC’s</span></p> <p style="line-height: normal; margin: 12.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Source: World Bank Data, United Nations<br>Report, 2020</span></i></p> <p style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;">The graph above depicts the number of qualified teachers in Africa’s primary and secondary education sectors. The graph demonstrates that the primary school sector has more qualified teachers than the secondary school sector. Even if the Least Developed Economies cover the majority of education costs, these countries will require external financial assistance to cover essential non-salary costs such as initial teacher training and continuous professional development, blended learning preparation, access to ICT, and improved working conditions. For example, Burkina Faso’s initiatives to provide teacher training and other interventions for the years 2021–2025 face a financial shortage of US$97 million. In countries like Uganda, low wages have led in a shortage of qualified teachers in secondary schools, resulting in a decline in educational quality. </span></p> <p style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, 'sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"><br>quality.</span><img decoding="async" style="background-color: initial;" 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alt=""></p> <p style="margin: 0cm -17pt 0.0001pt 18pt; line-height: normal; background-position: initial; background-color: white; border-width: initial; border-style: none;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: black;"> </span><b style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Fig 3:</span></b><span style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Cambria, 'serif';"> Pupil Teacher Ratio in</span></p> <p style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: center; line-height: normal;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Primary and Secondary Sector in LDC’s</span></p> <p style="line-height: normal; margin: 12.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> Source: World Bank Data, United Nations<br>Report, 2020</span></i></p> <div style="border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 0cm 1pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -16.7pt; border-width: initial initial 1.5pt initial;"> <div style="border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 0cm 1pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -16.7pt; border-width: initial initial 1.5pt initial;"> <div style="border-top-width: initial; border-right-width: initial; border-left-width: initial; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-width: 1.5pt; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 0cm 1pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -16.7pt;"> <p style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%; border-width: initial; border-style: none; padding: 0cm;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">The Pupil-Teacher ratio in the Primary and Secondary sectors is depicted in the graph above. In 2018, the Pupil Teacher ratio in the Secondary sector was 24:1 and the Pupil Teacher ratio in the Primary sector was 37:1. When it comes to primary education, Rwanda had the highest Pupil-Teacher ratio of 59:1in 2018. Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Afghanistan, Cameroon, and Pakistan are among the other countries with a high pupil teacher ratio.<o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <p style="margin: 12pt -16.7pt 0.0001pt 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">In the graphs above, the metric used is (Fig2) Trained primary school teachers (% of total teachers) and Trained secondary school teachers (% of total teachers). Primary and secondary school teachers are trained by attending a course. The percentage of Primary/Secondary school teachers who have obtained the minimal organised teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching in a given country are known as trained teachers in primary/secondary education.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p> <p style="margin: 12pt -16.7pt 0.0001pt 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">Mozambique’s condition is concerning, with a Pupil Teacher Ratio of 61.27. When the number of students outnumbers the number of teachers, the quality of education suffers. Tanzania has a population of over 58 million people, making it one of East Africa’s most populous countries. More over 44% of Tanzania’s population is under the age of 15. With this information, it is evident that the number of students is quite large. Because there aren’t enough teachers to reach every kid, the teacher-to-pupil ratio is set at 50:1. This has resulted in a drop in educational standards in this country. The other countries like Pakistan, Uganda, Malawi suffer high Pupil Teacher Ratio because of the low salary and bad working conditions in this country, teaching is not a rewarding vocation for most young people.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 12pt -16.7pt 0.0001pt 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">The decline in enrolment in secondary education in Least Developed Countries has improved the Pupil Teacher ratio in the Secondary sector. While secondary education is undertaken by only a few pupils in the least developed countries the highest pupil teacher is 72:1 in Malawi in 2018.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 12pt -16.7pt 0.0001pt 18pt; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%; border-width: initial; border-style: none;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:major-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;color:black">1)<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin;color:black">Infrastructure and Gender Parity Index <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style="margin: 0cm -16.7pt 0.0001pt 0cm; line-height: 150%; border-width: initial; border-style: none;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; color: black; background-position: initial; background-color: white;">As the country’s population rises, it loses sight of education as a major priority. As a result, most educational institutions lack infrastructural facilities. This leads to an ultimate concern with poor environmental quality (e.g., overcrowding, sanitation, violence). When it comes to providing accessible and high-quality services like water, power, transportation, and energy, some of this load is shared with the private sector. Governments, on the other hand, are responsible for establishing schools, providing teacher training, and developing national curriculums and exams to track progress. However, due to a lack of funding, Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia countries are unable to do so.</span><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <div style="border-top-width: initial; border-right-width: initial; border-left-width: initial; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-width: 1.5pt; border-bottom-color: black; padding: 0cm 0cm 1pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: -16.7pt;"> <p style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%; border-width: initial; border-style: none; padding: 0cm;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">The Gender Parity Index is another major concern for Least Developed Countries. Despite advances over the last decade, 67 million children around the world, over 53 percent of whom are females, lack access to basic education. More than two-thirds of nations have achieved gender parity in primary school enrolment, but girls are more likely to be disadvantaged than boys in countries that have not achieved parity, particularly in Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. <o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <p style="margin: 12pt -16.7pt 0.0001pt 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">In the graphs above, the metric used is (Fig3) Pupil Teacher Ratio of Primary and Pupil Teacher Ratio of Secondary. The data is obtained from World Bank. The Pupil Teacher Ratio for Primary is the average number of students per teacher in primary school. The average number of students per teacher in secondary school is the secondary school pupil-teacher ratio.</span></i><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 12pt -16.7pt 0.0001pt 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">For example, the GPI values in Chad and Pakistan are 0.78 and 0.84, respectively, implying that for every 100 males in Chad, 78 girls and 84 girls are enrolled in primary school. Child marriage, which is very common in African countries, is one of the main causes of such disparities.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 12pt -16.7pt 0.0001pt 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">Finally, the ultimate problem of population explosion in the Least Developed Countries are less Savings and Income. As the population rises, many individuals are pushed to poverty resulting in lack of income and savings. Even when Primary Education is free in most countries. Many under developed countries do not provide subsidised secondary education. The general public is likewise unable to cover the direct costs (e.g., fees, clothing, books). This eventually results in a decrease in secondary enrolment.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style="margin: 12pt -16.7pt 0.0001pt 0cm; line-height: 150%;"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;line-height: 150%;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-latin">CONCLUSION<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: 150%; border-width: initial; border-style: none; padding: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">Overall, the study found that population expansion has an impact on educational indicators in Least Developed Economies. Even if primary education does not appear to be a major issue in LDCs. Government Education Spending, Gender Disparities, Infrastructure, Pupil Teacher Ratio, and Trained Teacher Ratio are all issues. Furthermore, issues such as child marriage and child labour have been identified as important impediments to secondary schooling in these countries. The education system in the LDC is plagued by decaying facilities, overcrowding, and poor educational outcomes, as well as gender inequities. Investing in SME’s, which can lead to job opportunities, is one viable answer to this problem. This will drive the economy’s revenue and savings. Another way to address gender inequities is to encourage women to pursue higher education. Women with a greater level of education are more likely to have low fertility.</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%;">Ultimately, lessening the population pressure on education.</span></span></p></div> <p style="margin: 12pt 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; border-width: initial; border-style: none; padding: 0cm;">Article by <b>Pratheeba Murugan, Intern, Frost & Sullivan Institute </b><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #dc6874; font-family: 'YADK3wbAtJU 1', _fb_, auto; font-size: 26.9941px; letter-spacing: 0.12em;"> </span></p> </div> <p><span style="font-weight: bold; color: #dc6874; font-family: 'YADK3wbAtJU 1', _fb_, auto; font-size: 26.9941px; letter-spacing: 0.12em;"> </span></p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4012d12 home_events elementor-section-boxed 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excitedly presented a two-day sustainability program that benefited the environment and community</a></h5> <p class="excerpt">Beach cleanup: On 30 Sept 2023...</p> <span class="post_infos"> <span class="date_hour_holder"> <span itemprop="dateCreated" class="date entry_date updated">30 September, 2023 <meta itemprop="interactionCount" content="UserComments: 0"/></span> </span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-19afcd8 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no" data-id="19afcd8" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-background-overlay"></div> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55ebd5f" data-id="55ebd5f" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c6ff191 custom_heading_h elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no" data-id="c6ff191" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3fa5df5" data-id="3fa5df5" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-02d447f eael-dual-header-content-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-dual-color-header" data-id="02d447f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="eael-dual-color-header.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="eael-dual-header"> <h2 class="title"><span class="lead solid-color">Get </span> <span>Involved</span></h2> <span class="subtext"></span> <span class="eael-dch-svg-icon"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-33facda elementor-section-full_width get_involved_sec elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no" data-id="33facda" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a6f3a2a" data-id="a6f3a2a" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9b8f2e1 eael-flipbox-content-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-flip-box" data-id="9b8f2e1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="eael-flip-box.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="eael-elements-flip-box-container eael-animate-flip eael-animate-zoom-out eael-content eael-flip-box-hover"> <div class="eael-elements-flip-box-flip-card"> <div class="eael-elements-flip-box-front-container"> <div class="eael-elements-slider-display-table"> <div class="eael-elements-flip-box-vertical-align"> <div class="eael-elements-flip-box-padding"> <div class="eael-elements-flip-box-icon-image"> <span class='ea-flipbox-icon eael-flipbox-svg-icon eaa-svg'><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" id="Capa_1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="enable-background:new 0 0 512 512;" xml:space="preserve"><style type="text/css"> .st0{fill:#FFFFFF;}</style><g> <path class="st0" d="M1.2,350.7C2.9,354,6.3,356,10,356h50v146c0,5.5,4.5,10,10,10h372c5.5,0,10-4.5,10-10V356h50 c3.7,0,7.1-2,8.8-5.3c1.7-3.3,1.5-7.2-0.5-10.3l-60-90c-1.9-2.8-5-4.5-8.3-4.5h-38c-5.5,0-10,4.5-10,10c0,5.5,4.5,10,10,10h32.6 l46.7,70h-162l-46.7-70H314c5.5,0,10-4.5,10-10s-4.5-10-10-10c-11.4,0-232.9,0-244,0c-3.3,0-6.5,1.7-8.3,4.5l-60,90 C-0.4,343.5-0.6,347.5,1.2,350.7z M80,356h116c3.3,0,6.5-1.7,8.3-4.5L246,289v203H80V356z M307.7,351.5c1.9,2.8,5,4.5,8.3,4.5h116 v136H266V289L307.7,351.5z M75.4,266h162l-46.7,70h-162L75.4,266z"></path> <path class="st0" d="M196,25c-8.2-12-22.3-25-45-25c-32,0-55,25.8-55,57c0,34.6,28,57.3,70.3,91.7c7.4,6,15.1,12.3,23.3,19 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class="lead solid-color">Other</span> <span>Priorities</span></h2> <span class="subtext"></span> <span class="eael-dch-svg-icon"></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b11ee15 elementor-arrows-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel" data-id="b11ee15" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"slides_to_show":"5","navigation":"arrows","image_spacing_custom":{"unit":"px","size":70,"sizes":[]},"autoplay":"yes","pause_on_hover":"yes","pause_on_interaction":"yes","autoplay_speed":5000,"infinite":"yes","speed":500,"image_spacing_custom_tablet":{"unit":"px","size":"","sizes":[]},"image_spacing_custom_mobile":{"unit":"px","size":"","sizes":[]}}" data-widget_type="image-carousel.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper" dir="ltr"> <div class="elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper" aria-live="off"> <div class="swiper-slide" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" 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