Concise Selina Solutions for Class 8 Biology ICSE Chapter 2: Reproduction in Plants

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linear-gradient(180deg, #668c80 0, #75af9d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; color: #fff; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029; border: 1px solid #fff } .lan-ttl { padding: 15px 0; font-weight: bold } .fntbold { font-weight: bold } .req-call-wrap { display: none } .ad-banner { text-align: center; margin: 10px auto; display: block } .ad-banner div { display: inline-block; width: 100% } .bottom-nav { max-width: 750px; border: 1px solid #1b80c3; border-radius: 25px 25px 0 0; margin: 0 auto; position: sticky; bottom: 50px; overflow: hidden; z-index: 1 } .bottom-links { display: flex; justify-content: space-around; align-items: center } .bottom-links a { font: normal normal 600 14px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; height: 48px; width: 20%; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; color: #006fb9 } .bottom-links a:nth-of-type(odd) { background: #f2f2f2 } .bottom-links a:nth-of-type(even) { background: #fff } .bottom-links a i { padding-right: 7px; display: flex } .abt--tl-sec { padding: 30px 0 } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc { width: 670px; margin: 0 auto } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc p { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify } /* .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc p span { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif !important } */ .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc .rm-btn { font: normal normal 600 15px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0; border: 0; background: 0; cursor: pointer; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc .rm-btn:hover { opacity: .8 } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc .rm-btn span { font-size: 18px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .faq-section { padding: 50px 0 60px; background: #f7f7f7 } .max-width-class { max-width: 1150px; margin: 0 auto } .bg-white { background: #fff } .accordions { overflow: hidden; margin: 30px 0 0 } .accordion { width: 100%; color: #3e3e3e; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid #707070 } .accordion-label { display: -webkit-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: justify; justify-content: space-between; padding: 10px 30px 10px 0; font: 600 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; cursor: pointer; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .accordion-label::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 30px; -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg); transform: rotate(90deg); color: #707070; opacity: .8; position: absolute; right: 0 } .accordion-content { max-height: 0; padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font: 400 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .accordion-close { display: -webkit-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding: 1em; font-size: .75em; cursor: pointer } .accordion input { position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1 } .accordion-close:hover { background: #1a252f } input:checked+.accordion-label { font-weight: 700 } input:checked+.accordion-label::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); transform: rotate(270deg); right: 4px } input:checked~.accordion-content { max-height: 100vh; padding: 10px 0 } .accordion-content span { font-size: 16px !important } .glide { position: relative; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box } .glide * { box-sizing: inherit } .glide__track { overflow: hidden } .glide__slides { position: relative; width: 100%; list-style: none; backface-visibility: hidden; transform-style: preserve-3d; touch-action: pan-Y; overflow: hidden; margin: 0; padding: 0; white-space: nowrap; display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; will-change: transform } .glide__slides--dragging { user-select: none } .glide__slide { width: 100%; height: 100%; flex-shrink: 0; white-space: normal; user-select: none; -webkit-touch-callout: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent } .glide__slide a { user-select: none; -webkit-user-drag: none; -moz-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none } .glide__arrows { -webkit-touch-callout: none; user-select: none } .glide__bullets { -webkit-touch-callout: none; user-select: none } .glide--rtl { direction: rtl } .success-stories-section { padding: 40px 0 0 } .success-stories-section .success-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/quote.png') no-repeat top left, url('/assets/v1/images/quote-close.png') no-repeat right 90%; padding: 30px 0 0 } #successStory li { text-align: center } #successStory li img { border-radius: 50%; border: 9px solid rgba(186, 186, 186, 0.4); margin-top: -78px; width: 146px; height: 146px; background: #fff } .succ-desc { margin: 17px 20px 0 } .succ-quote { text-align: center; font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #3e3e3e } .succ-name { text-align: center; font: 700 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #3e3e3e; margin: 30px 0 5px } .succ-std { text-align: center; font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; font-style: italic; color: #3e3e3e } .succ-name.blue-txt { color: #006fb9 } .succ-nortxt { font-style: normal } .success-stories-section .success-wrap.success-nobg { background: 0 } #successStory { margin: 0 } #successList { display: flex; justify-content: space-around; padding: 80px 0 100px } #successList li { width: 28%; max-width: 336px; background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 0 9px #00000029; border-radius: 18px; width: 336px; height: 360px } #successStory.nobutton .glide__arrows { display: none } #successStory .glide__arrows { position: absolute; top: 42%; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; width: 100% } #successStory .glide__arrow { height: 50px; width: 50px; background: #006fb9; border: 0; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 10px } #successStory .glide__arrow--right { right: 100%; left: auto } #getintouch { position: fixed; top: 50%; left: 0; cursor: pointer; padding: 0; background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #f16911 0, #ff9140 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; z-index: 99; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; width: 35px; height: 35px } .row-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; border-bottom: 2px solid #f0f0f0; padding: 10px 0 } .ic-wrap { width: 47px; height: 47px; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; flex-shrink: 0; margin-right: 12px } .ic-wrap img { max-width: 100% } .get-cont { color: #3e3e3e; font: 400 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .get-cont span { font-weight: 600; display: block } .modal-content .soc-wrap { margin: 15px 0 0; justify-content: flex-start } .get-cont .form-group { margin-top: 4px; display: flex } .get-cont .form-group form { display: flex } .inputbox { width: 170px; background: #dbdbdb; border-radius: 0 12px; padding: 5px 22px 5px 10px; border: 0; font: 400 13px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .get-cont .btn-submit { border: 0; margin-left: -15px; padding: 10px 15px; text-transform: uppercase } #getinModal .close { display: block; text-align: right; padding: 5px 10px 0 0; cursor: pointer; margin-bottom: 0; background: 0 } #getinModal .modal-title-main-div { padding: 0 20px 25px } .call-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; padding-bottom: 10px } .call-wrap h4 { color: #333; font: 700 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin-left: 12px } .call-wrap .ic-wts { left: 18px; top: -6px } #schoolModal .modal-content { padding: 20px 15px } .menu-content { padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font: 400 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .menu-content ul li { border-bottom: 2px solid #f2f2f2; padding: 3px 0 } .menu-content ul li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } #searchModal .modal-content { padding: 20px 15px } .search-input { background: #dfdfdf; border-radius: 11px; padding: 10px 12px; border: 0; width: calc(100% - 24px); font: normal normal normal 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 10px } .search-content { background: #efefef; border-radius: 12px } .search-content ul li { font: 600 15px/15px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; border-bottom: 1px solid #bababa; margin: 0 10px } .search-content ul li a { color: #3e3e3e; padding: 12px 0; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center } .search-content ul li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .gsc-control-cse { background: none !important; border: none !important; padding: 0 !important } #searchModal .gsc-input-box { background: #d9d9d9 !important; border: none !important; font: normal normal normal 16px/16px sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } #searchModal .gsc-control-cse { padding: 0 } .gsc-control { width: 142px !important } .gsc-clear-button { display: none !important } .gsc-input-box { border: none !important; background: #d9d9d9 !important; padding: 0 !important } .gsc-search-button-v2 { padding: 0 !important; background-color: #f16911 !important; border-radius: 50% !important; width: 27px !important; height: 27px !important; border-color: #f16911 !important; border: none !important } .gsib_a { padding: 0 !important } table.gsc-search-box td.gsc-input { padding-right: 0 !important } .gsc-input { background: none !important; border: none !important } form.gsc-search-box { margin-bottom: 0 !important } .gsst_a .gscb_a { color: #bbb !important } .header-login-wrap .gsst_a { padding: 0 4px } .gssb_a, .gssb_a td { line-height: 26px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .gssb_a { padding: 0 0 0 9px } .enroll-section { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #f16911 0, #ff9140 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; padding: 2px 0 5px; position: fixed; bottom: 0; width: 100%; z-index: 1 } .enroll-txt-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center } .enroll-txt { margin: 0 30px 0 0; font: 400 15px/18px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #fff; opacity: 1 } .enroll-txt span { font-size: 18px } .enroll-btn .org-btn { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-radius: 0 12px; color: #3e3e3e } .slant-box { overflow: hidden } .slant-box::after { content: ''; width: 0; height: 0; border-style: solid; border-width: 61px 0 0 54px; border-color: #007bff transparent transparent transparent; transform: rotate(89deg); position: absolute; right: 3px; bottom: -4px; overflow: hidden } .right-arrow { position: absolute; right: -24px; bottom: 35px; z-index: 1 } .right-arrow::after { content: '\203A'; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; display: block; color: #fff; position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 18px; font-size: 40px; transform: rotate(-14deg) } #qmenu-overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; display: none; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); overflow: auto; z-index: 999 } .popup-overlay, .pop-overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; display: none; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); overflow: auto; z-index: 9999 } .modal-class { position: relative; background-color: #fff; width: 96%; margin: inherit; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); padding: 7px 0; max-width: 360px; border-radius: 17px; border: 1px solid #707070 } .modal-title-div { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; padding: 10px 20px 0 } .modal-title-main-div { display: flex; justify-content: center; padding: 0 20px 16px } .modal-title { color: #006fb9; font: normal normal bold 18px/46px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; position: relative } .modal-content { padding: 0 20px 20px; position: relative } .open { display: block } .btn-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; margin: 20px auto 15px } .btn-wrap button { margin: 0 10px; cursor: pointer } #schoolModal .menu-content ul, .boardModal .menu-content ul { margin-left: 0 } #schoolModal .menu-content ul li, .boardModal .menu-content ul li { padding: 5px 0; font: normal normal normal 15px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .sm-modal .modal-class { max-width: 300px; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); margin: inherit } .ms-modal .modal-class { max-width: 415px; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); margin: inherit } .menu-content ul li button { color: #1c81c4; font-size: 15px } .close { display: block; text-align: right; padding: 5px 10px 0 0; cursor: pointer } #back2Top { position: fixed; right: 12%; bottom: 60px; cursor: pointer; opacity: 1; -moz-transform: rotate(0); -webkit-transform: rotate(0); -o-transform: rotate(0); -ms-transform: rotate(0); transform: rotate(0); z-index: 1; padding: 0; width: 39px; height: 38px } .rm-wrap { height: 85px; overflow: hidden } .breadcrumbs-wrap { display: block } .breadcrumbs { display: inline-block; width: calc(100% - 35px) } .breadcrumbs-wrap form { display: inline-block } .breadcrumbs ul li { display: inline-block; margin: 0 30px 0 0; position: relative } .breadcrumbs ul li:last-child { margin-right: 0 } .breadcrumbs a, .breadcrumbs span { color: #0c4469; position: relative; font: normal normal normal 14px/30px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; padding: 0 11px 0 0; display: inline-block } .breadcrumbs li::after { content: '>'; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 7px; font-size: 15px; color: #1b80c3; margin-right: -16px } .breadcrumbs li:last-child::after { display: none } .breadcrumbs span { font: normal normal normal 14px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } #js-bookmark { width: 28px; height: 28px; background: #bababa; border-radius: 5px; position: relative; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; margin-left: auto; cursor: pointer; flex-shrink: 0 } #js-bookmark span { position: absolute; font-size: 10px; bottom: -15px; left: 0; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; justify-content: center; width: 28px } #js-bookmark.active { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #f16911 0, #ff8f3e 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box } #overlay, .overlay { background: #000; opacity: .8; position: fixed; width: 100%; height: 100%; z-index: 9999; top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; display: none } header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 9; background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; width: 90%; margin: 0 auto; border-top: 0 } .header-login-wrap { border: 1px solid #d9d9d9; border-top: 0; opacity: 1; margin: 0 auto; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; display: block; font: 400 14px/14px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; padding: 20px 25px 15px; position: relative; z-index: 1; background: #fff; width: 100% } .header-left { float: left } .header-right { float: right; position: relative; height: 40px; width: calc(100% - 180px); padding-top: 4px; text-align: right } .topper-logo { display: none } .header-login-wrap a { color: #595959; padding: 0 10px } .header-login-wrap .ask-doubt-link { font-family: 'Open sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding: 6px 0 0; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .header-login-wrap .ask-doubt-link span { padding-left: 8px; padding-top: 1px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .login-link { border-right: 2px solid #d9d9d9; cursor: pointer; color: #848484; font-family: 'Open sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px } .signup-link { font-family: 'Open sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; cursor: pointer } .cart-link { margin-left: 11px; position: relative; cursor: pointer; padding: 6px 10px 0; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .cart-link::after, .cart-link::before { content: ''; width: 2px; height: 21px; background: #d9d9d9; position: absolute; top: 5px } .cart-link::before { left: 0 } .cart-link::after { right: -3px } .cart-link svg { margin-top: 0 } .cart-number-wrap { width: 18px; height: 18px; background: #f16911; border-radius: 50%; position: absolute; justify-content: center; align-items: center; color: #fff; font: normal normal bold 11px/15px Open Sans; display: flex; right: 2px; top: -7px } .search-wrap { width: 156px; padding: 4px 4px 3px 10px; border-radius: 18px; background: #d9d9d9; color: #000; margin: 0 10px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .srh-input { background: #d9d9d9; border: 0; font: 400 14px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: top; width: 110px } .ic-search { width: 27px; height: 27px; border-radius: 50%; background: #f16911; display: inline-flex; align-items: center } .ic-search svg { margin-top: -3px } .search { cursor: pointer; padding: 0 6px; margin-right: 15px; position: relative; display: none } .search svg { padding-top: 4px } .bfl-box { display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 12px } .header-flex-wrap { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #1b80c3 0, #0e4062 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; display: block; margin: -23px auto 28px; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; padding: 24px 10px 0 } .header-menu { font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center } .header-menu ul { margin-right: 25px; flex-shrink: 0; position: relative; height: auto } .header-menu li { padding: 10px 18px } .header-menu li.no-arrow button::after { display: none } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a, .header-menu li span { position: relative; color: #fff; padding: 0 5px; font-size: 15px; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; cursor: pointer; opacity: .8 } .header-menu li button::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: -27px; top: -2px; transform: rotate(90deg); display: block; color: #fff } .header-menu ul li>ul { border-radius: 11px } .header-menu ul.submenu { display: none; margin-right: 0; border-radius: 11px; border: 1px solid #bababa; background: #fff; position: absolute; top: 40px; z-index: 999; width: auto; white-space: nowrap; min-width: 160px } .submenu li a::after { display: none } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu { right: 0 } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu::before { right: 15px; left: inherit } .submenu li { font: 400 14px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; padding: 0 6px } .submenu li:hover a:hover, .submenu li:hover span { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu::before { content: ""; border-left: 8px solid transparent; border-right: 8px solid transparent; top: -8px; width: 0; height: 0; border-bottom: 8px solid #ff9140; position: absolute; left: 15px; z-index: -1 } .submenu li a, .submenu li span { border-bottom: 1px solid #bababa; padding: 10px 25px 10px 5px; display: block; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .submenu li:last-child a { border-bottom: 0 } .submenu li:last-child ul li a { border-bottom: 1px solid #bababa } .header-menu li:hover .submenu { display: block } .submenu li ul { display: none; position: absolute; left: 99%; height: auto; margin-top: -37px; background: #fff; color: #333; border: 1px solid #bababa; width: auto; white-space: nowrap; min-width: 160px } .submenu li:hover ul { display: block } .submenu li:hover ul li a, .submenu li:hover ul li span { color: #333 } .submenu li:hover ul li:hover a, .submenu li:hover ul li:hover span { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu li a::after, .submenu li span::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 5px; transform: rotate(0); display: block; color: #bababa } .submenu li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .submenu li .innermenu li a::after { display: none } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu li .innermenu { right: 135px; left: inherit } .submenu li .innermenu li ul { display: none } .submenu li .innermenu li:hover ul { display: block; left: 60%; z-index: 99 } .submenu li ul.top-space { margin-top: -50% } .submenu li .innermenu li:hover ul li a { color: #333 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover a { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li a::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 5px; transform: rotate(0); display: block; color: #bbb } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li ul.last-level { display: none; left: 50% } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul.last-level { left: 40% } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li ul.last-level li { width: 340px } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li ul.last-level.top-marg { top: -100% } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul { display: block } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul li a { color: #333 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul li:hover a { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li a::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 5px; transform: rotate(0); display: block; color: #bbb } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .net18-logo { display: inline-block; padding-right: 12px; padding-top: 6px; vertical-align: top } .hamburger { display: none } #mbnav { display: none } #menu-mobile { display: none } .afl-box { display: inline-block; margin-right: 6px; padding-right: 5px; overflow: hidden } .afl-box:hover { background: #efefef; border-radius: 18px 10px 10px 18px; overflow: hidden } .hd-profile-pic { width: 36px; height: 36px; margin-right: 6px; display: inline-block } .hd-profile-pic img { border: 2px solid #b6b6b7; width: 100%; height: 100%; border-radius: 50% } .user-detls { position: relative; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .dwn-arrow { width: 14px; height: 14px; border: 1px solid #848484; border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 12px; margin-top: 10px; position: relative; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .dwn-arrow::after { content: '\203A'; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; display: block; color: #bababa; transform: rotate(90deg); position: absolute; top: -3px; right: -3px; font-size: 20px } .user { color: #1b80c3; font: normal normal bold 12px/14px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px } .user span { font-weight: 400 } .afl-box:hover .user-menu { display: block } .user-menu { display: none; position: absolute; background: #fff; padding: 0 7px; top: 43px; right: 50px; width: 125px; border: 1px solid #bababa; border-radius: 11px } .user-menu a, .user-menu button { display: block; padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1; font: normal normal normal 12px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #1b80c3; cursor: pointer } .user-menu::before { content: ""; border-left: 8px solid transparent; border-right: 8px solid transparent; top: -8px; width: 0; height: 0; border-bottom: 8px solid #ff9140; position: absolute; right: 10px; z-index: 1 } @media screen and (min-width:1201px) and (max-width:1400px) { .header-menu ul { margin-right: 12px; height: auto } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a, .header-menu li span { font-size: 13px } } @media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (max-width:1200px) { header { width: 100% } .max-container { max-width: 96% } .header-flex-wrap { width: 98% } .header-menu ul { flex-wrap: wrap; width: auto; justify-content: flex-end; margin-right: 0; height: auto } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a { font-size: 13px } .header-menu li { padding: 10px 11px } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu { right: 0 } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu::before { right: 8px; left: inherit } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu:after { right: 10px; left: inherit } .submenu li { padding: 0 } .faq-section .max-container { margin: 0 15px } .breadcrumbs-wrap { padding: 0 15px } } @media only screen and (max-width:1023px) { header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 999; height: 80px; width: 100% } .header-menu { display: none } .header-login-wrap { width: 100%; border-radius: 0 0 12px 12px; padding: 4px 0; background: #fff; position: relative; z-index: 99 } .header-flex-wrap { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #1b80c3 0, #0e4062 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; height: 38px; margin: -8px auto 0; width: 100%; padding: 8px 0 0; z-index: -1; border-radius: 0 } .header-flex-wrap .logo { display: none } .header-menu { width: 100%; font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; justify-content: flex-start; overflow: auto } .header-menu ul { margin-right: 0; white-space: nowrap; overflow: auto; margin-left: -5px } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a { color: #fff; font-size: 14px } .header-right { width: calc(100% - 180px); text-align: right } .homelink { display: flex; align-items: center; padding-left: 10px; border-right: 1px solid #fff; padding-right: 10px; margin-right: 0 } .header-menu li button::after { color: #fff; width: .8em; height: .8em; top: 2px } .header-menu li.noArrow button::after { display: none } .header-menu li.noArrow { padding: 10px 5px } .login-link { display: none } .signup-link { display: none } .header-login-wrap .ask-doubt-link>.ate-text { display: none } .cart-link { padding: 6px 0 0 } .cart-link::after, .cart-link::before { display: none } .cart-number-wrap { right: -8px; top: -7px } .net18-logo { border-left: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 3px 14px 2px 10px; display: inline-block } .net18-logo svg { width: 18px; height: 16px } .boardModal .modal-class { max-width: 300px } #schoolModal .modal-class { max-width: 300px } .sm-modal .modal-class { max-width: 300px } #searchModal .modal-class { background: 0; border: 0; transform: inherit; position: relative; margin: 0 auto; width: 100%; left: 0; top: 5% } .search-wrap { display: none } .search-wrap-mb { width: 100%; padding: 4px 5px 5px 10px; border-radius: 18px; background: #d9d9d9; color: #000; margin: 0 auto } .search-wrap-mb .srh-input { width: 89% } .search { margin-right: 0; display: inline-block; padding-top: 2px } .gsc-input-box { padding: 0 !important } .gssb_c { z-index: 99999 !important } .logo { display: block; margin-top: 4px } .logo svg { width: 122px; height: 37px } .header-left { display: flex; justify-content: space-between } .hamburger { display: block; cursor: pointer; padding: 7px 8px 8px 0; margin-left: 12px; z-index: 9999 } .bar1, .bar2, .bar3 { background: #f16911; height: 3px; transition: .2s; margin-top: 3px; display: block } .bar1 { width: 18px } .bar2 { width: 16px; display: flex; margin-left: auto } .bar3 { width: 14px; display: flex; margin-left: auto } #menu-mobile { display: flex; height: 30px } #mbnav { display: block } .nav-box { position: fixed; left: -150%; top: 0; width: 320px; transition: left .4s ease; background: #fff; height: 100%; z-index: 99; overflow-y: auto } .nav-active { left: 0; z-index: 9999; overflow-y: auto } .user-info { background: transparent linear-gradient(120deg, #006fb9 0, #00385d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; padding: 14px 18px; position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 9 } .user-img-wrap { width: 63px; height: 63px; background: #035084; border: 5px solid #4390c4; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center } .user-img-wrap img { max-width: 38px } .user-details { padding-left: 16px } .user-name { font: 400 15px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #fff } .board-name { font: 400 12px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #fff } .login-wrap { margin-top: 12px; background: #fff; display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; border-bottom: 1px solid #e9e9e9; padding-bottom: 15px; margin-right: 16px } .login-btn { font: normal normal bold 12px/15px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin: 0 0 0 18px; display: inline-block } .signup-btn { font: normal normal bold 12px/15px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin: 0 0 0 15px } .mobile-nav { margin-right: 16px } .mobile-nav ul li { display: block; border-bottom: 1px solid #e9e9e9; font: 400 15px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .mobile-nav ul li a, .mobile-nav ul li label { padding: 10px 0 10px 30px; display: block; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative; font-weight: 600 } .mobile-nav ul li a::after, .mobile-nav ul li label::after { content: '\203A'; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; display: block; color: #bababa; transform: rotate(90deg); position: absolute; top: 8px; right: 5px; font-size: 34px } .mobile-nav ul li a.noarrow::after { display: none } input:checked~.flevel-menu, input:checked~.seclevel-menu { max-height: 100%; opacity: 1 } input:checked+.menu-label::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); transform: rotate(270deg); right: 0 } input:checked+.menu-label.rgt-arrow::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(0); transform: rotate(0); right: 0 } .view-package { padding: 20px 0 50px } .view-package a { text-transform: uppercase } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu { background: #f4f4f4; margin-right: -15px; padding: 0 19px 0 25px; max-height: 0; opacity: 0 } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu li { margin: 0 10px; font-weight: bold } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu li a { padding: 12px 0 8px } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu li a::after { display: none } .mobile-nav .seclevel-menu { border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0; max-height: 0; opacity: 0 } .mobile-nav .seclevel-menu li { font-weight: 400; margin: 0; font-size: 13px } .mobile-nav .seclevel-menu li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu label { padding: 10px 0 } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu label::after { right: 4px } .afl-box { display: none } .faq-section { padding: 20px 15px } #main-wrapper { margin-top: 60px } .open-app-btn { border-radius: 10px; color: #fff; display: block; position: sticky; bottom: 108px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%) } #back2Top { bottom: 288px } .page-title { margin: 0 0 30px } .req-call-wrap { display: block; position: relative } .req-label { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; position: absolute; z-index: 1; cursor: pointer; padding: 5px 12px; width: 208px; height: 35px; background: #006fb9; border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); bottom: -35px } .req-text { color: #fff; font: normal normal 600 15px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .req-call-wrap em { width: 22px; height: 22px; background: #f16911; border-radius: 50% } .req-content { padding: 12px 15px 20px; font: 400 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; position: relative; background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 0 10px #00000029; border: 1px solid #d9d9d9; border-radius: 0 0 14px 14px; width: 94%; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 390px; text-align: center; display: none } .req-content p { color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal 600 15px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; text-align: center } .req-content .inputbx { position: relative; background: #dfdfdf; border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0; border: 0; opacity: 1; padding: 5px 10px; width: 216px; margin: 10px auto 10px 0; display: inline-block; font: normal normal normal 14px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .req-content .inputsmbx { position: relative; background: #dfdfdf; opacity: 1; display: inline-block; width: 48px; border-radius: 8px 0 0 8px; border: 0; padding: 5px 5px 5px 10px; font: normal normal normal 14px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; border-right: 1px solid #cfcfcf; margin-right: -5px; color: #3e3e3e } .inputsmbx .arrow { position: absolute; right: 10px; color: #006fb9 } .show { display: block } .showicon svg { transform: rotate(180deg) } .menu-content { font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .menu-content ul li { padding: 5px 0 } .menu-content ul li a:hover { color: #1b80c3 } .bg-gray { padding: 20px 0 } .breadcrumbs { text-align: left } .breadcrumbs-wrap { padding: 0 15px; margin-bottom: 20px } .section-title { font: normal normal bold 18px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } #chapter-list .section-title:after { margin: 0 } #chapter-list.abt--tl-sec .abt-desc { text-align: left } .accordion-label { font: 400 16px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .abt--tl-sec { padding: 30px 0 0 } .abt--tl-sec .inner-bx { max-width: 50%; margin-bottom: 30px; flex-direction: column; text-align: center } .abt--tl-sec .icon-wrap { margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 10px; width: 75px; height: 75px } .abt--tl-sec .meta-bx h5 { font-size: 22px; line-height: 22px } .abt--tl-sec .meta-bx h5 { font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc { width: 100% } .ad-banner div, .ad-banner .txt { width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 728px } .ad-banner div iframe, .ad-banner div img { width: 100%; max-width: 728px } #top-ad-banner img { max-width: 100% } .enroll-btn .org-btn { padding: 10px } .enroll-txt { width: 230px; margin: 0 } .enroll-txt-wrap { margin: 0 10px; justify-content: flex-start } .enroll-section { padding: 10px 0 } input:checked+.accordion-label::after { right: 0 } .success-stories-section .max-container { padding: 0 } .success-stories-section .section-title { padding: 0 20px } .success-stories-section .section-title:after { left: 20px } #successStory .glide__arrows { position: relative; top: -298px; overflow: hidden } #successStory .glide__arrow img { width: 8px; height: 16px; position: relative } #successStory .glide__arrow--left img { left: 10px } #successStory .glide__arrow--right img { right: 7px } #successStory .glide__arrow--left { border-radius: 0 50% 50% 0; transform: translate(-50%, 0) } #successStory .glide__arrow--right { border-radius: 50% 0 0 50%; transform: translate(50%, 0) } .success-stories-section .success-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/quote.png') no-repeat 10% top, url('/assets/v1/images/quote-close.png') no-repeat 90% 81% } .bottom-links a { padding: 8px 0 4px } .lan-ttl { padding: 15px 0 } jdiv { margin-bottom: 180px !important } } @media only screen and (max-width:767px) { .bottom-nav { border-top: 2px solid #1b80c3; border-left: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; border-radius: 0; bottom: 50px } .bottom-links a { flex-direction: column; font: normal normal 600 11px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .bottom-links a i { padding-right: 0 } } input:checked~.accordion-content { max-height: 100% } .accordion-content .list { display: flex; flex-direction: column } footer{background:#efefef;width:100%;padding:50px 0 0}.footer-links-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:20px}.ftr-column{padding:0 10px}.ftr-heading{color:#3e3e3e;font:700 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 0 15px}.ftr-links li{font:400 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;color:#3e3e3e;padding-bottom:12px}.ftr-links li a{color:#3e3e3e}.topmarg{margin-top:30px}.footer-cont-info{background:#e3e3e3;padding:20px 0 0}.footer-info-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start}.ftr-left{width:80%;margin-right:74px}.ftr-form-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:15px}.gpay-column{width:298px}.gpay-column img{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.gpay-column a{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin-left:15px}.nws-column{display:inline-block}.nws-box-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}.nws-box-wrap span{color:#3e3e3e;font-size:12px}.nws-box-wrap p{color:#3e3e3e;font:400 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;margin-right:15px}.nws-input-wrap input{width:255px;background:#ccc;border-radius:0 12px;color:#3e3e3e;font:400 13px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;border:0;padding:5px 30px 5px 15px}.nws-input-wrap input::placeholder{color:#848484}.btn-subscribe{background:transparent linear-gradient(90deg,#006fb9 0,#40a9ef 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box;box-shadow:0 3px 9px #00000042;padding:7px 20px;border-radius:0 12px;color:#fff;font:600 14px/19px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;border:0;margin-left:-25px;position:relative;z-index:0}.ftr-cont-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:10px;font:400 14px/20px 'Open 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10px}.ic-insta,.ic-ytube{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.footer-network-sites{background:#d3d3d3;padding:28px 0}.sites-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center}.company-ttl{font:700 14px/20px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;width:164px}.sites-wrap ul{border-left:2px solid #a7a7a7;padding-left:24px;display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;flex-wrap:wrap;width:75%}.sites-wrap ul li{padding:0 10px}.sites-wrap ul li a{color:#3e3e3e;padding:10px 0;display:inline-flex}.copyright-wrap{background:#fff;padding:15px 0 55px}.copy-columns{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.copy-columns a{padding-right:15px;margin-right:15px;color:#3e3e3e}.copy-columns .tnc{border-right:1px solid #868686}.logos{border-right:1px solid #a7a7a7;padding:5px 12px 5px 55px;display:flex;align-items:center}.logos a{margin-left:20px;padding-right:0;margin-right:0}.logos .nw18-logo{margin-left:0;padding-right:0;margin-right:0}.copy-text{padding:0 12px;color:#3e3e3e;font:400 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif}.ftr-accordion{border-bottom:0}.ftr-accordion input[type=checkbox]{display:none}.ftr-accordion-label{display:block}.ftr-accordion-label::after{display:none}.ftr-accordion-content{max-height:100vh}#toppertv{display:block}#toppertv-accordion{display:none}.soln-cont table,.db-content table{border-collapse:collapse;max-width:100%;border:2px solid #ededed;margin-bottom:30px}.soln-cont table th,.db-content table th{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal normal bold 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid #ededed;text-align:left}.soln-cont table td,.db-content table td{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid #ededed;text-align:left}.table-layout{border-collapse:collapse;max-width:100%;border:2px solid #ededed;margin-bottom:30px}.table-layout th{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal normal bold 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid 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Sans',sans-serif}.ftr-accordion-close{display:-webkit-box;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;padding:1em;font-size:.75em;cursor:pointer}.ftr-accordion input{position:absolute;opacity:0;z-index:-1}.ftr-accordion-close:hover{background:#1a252f}.ftr-accordion input:checked+.ftr-accordion-label{font-weight:700}.ftr-accordion input:checked+.ftr-accordion-label::after{-webkit-transform:rotate(270deg);transform:rotate(270deg);right:-8px;display:block}.ftr-accordion input:checked ~ .ftr-accordion-content{max-height:100vh;padding:10px 0}#toppertv{display:none}#toppertv-accordion{display:block}.copy-columns{flex-direction:column}.logos{display:flex;order:1;border-right:0;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:0}.copy-text{display:flex;order:3;text-align:center;line-height:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.ftr-left{width:100%;margin:0 20px}.gpay-column{width:100%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;padding-bottom:15px;padding-top:10px}.cont-info-wrap{width:100%;max-width:330px;margin:0 auto}.contact-info{width:100%;margin-left:7px;text-align:left}.cont-number{padding-bottom:0}.reg-office{margin-right:0;width:100%;padding-top:10px;border-bottom:1px solid #cecece;padding-bottom:12px}.soc-wrap{justify-content:center}.nws-column{padding-top:10px;text-align:center}.nws-box-wrap p{margin-right:0;padding-bottom:15px}.nws-input-wrap input{width:200px}.ftr-form-wrap{flex-direction:column}.nws-box-wrap{flex-direction:column}#nwsitesbox select{width:322px;border:1px solid #006fb9;box-shadow:0 3px 9px #00000029;border-radius:10px;padding:15px 10px;font:400 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;background-color:#fff;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;position:relative;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2212%22%20height%3D%2212%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2012%2012%22%3E%3Ctitle%3Edown-arrow%3C%2Ftitle%3E%3Cg%20fill%3D%22%23006FB9%22%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M10.293%2C3.293%2C6%2C7.586%2C1.707%2C3.293A1%2C1%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C.293%2C4.707l5%2C5a1%2C1%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1.414%2C0l5-5a1%2C1%2C0%2C1%2C0-1.414-1.414Z%22%20fill%3D%22%23006FB9%22%3E%3C%2Fpath%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");background-size:.8em;background-position:calc(100% - 1.3em) center;background-repeat:no-repeat}.form-group{display:flex}.btn-subscribe{background:transparent linear-gradient(90deg,#006fb9 0,#0c7ac3 53%,#43acf2 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box;box-shadow:0 3px 6px #00000042;border-radius:0 12px;padding:8px 14px 10px 13px;text-align:center;font:400 14px/15px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}.footer-cont-info{padding:0;background:#efefef}.cont-time{padding-bottom:0}.stay-connect{width:auto;padding:6px 0 15px 0}.footer-content{padding:25px 35px 90px}.footer-content p{padding-bottom:20px}.copyright-wrap{padding:15px 0 0}.ftr-other-links{flex-wrap:wrap}.sites-wrap{flex-direction:column}.sites-wrap ul{border-left:0;width:90%;max-width:360px;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:10px;padding-left:0}.sites-wrap ul li{width:50%;padding:0 20px}#stickyBanner{position:sticky;width:320px;height:40px;margin:10px auto;display:block;bottom:0}} #hbar-stdpack { background: #006FB9; position: sticky; bottom: 0; z-index: 1; display: flex; height: 50px; } #hbar-stdpack a { display: flex; width: 100%; text-align: center; justify-content: center; align-items: center; height: 50px } .stdpack-offer-text { text-align: center; font: 600 19px/19px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #fff; display: block; margin-top: -5px; position: relative; } .stdpack-offer-text em { font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline; } #hbar-stdpack::before { content: ''; background: url('/assets/v1/images/lf-bg-img.png') no-repeat left 0; display: block; width: 175px; height: 50px; position: absolute; bottom: 0; z-index: -1 } #hbar-stdpack::after { content: ''; background: url('/assets/v1/images/rt-bg-img.png') no-repeat right 0; display: block; width: 206px; height: 50px; position: absolute; bottom: 0; right: 0; z-index: -1 } .flex-colwrap img { position: relative; left: 0; margin-top: -9px; transform: scale(0.7); } .hclose { position: absolute; right: 5px; top: -20px; cursor: pointer; width: 34px; height: 34px; border-radius: 100%; background: #006FB9; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; } .hclose::before { content: ''; border: 2px solid #fff; position: absolute; width: 28px; height: 28px; border-radius: 100%; right: 3px; top: 2px } .hclose span { color: #fff; font-size: 30px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; } @media screen and (max-width:1023px) { #hbar-stdpack::before, #hbar-stdpack::after { display: none } .hclose { position: absolute; right: 0px; } .stdpack-offer-text { /* border: 5px solid red; */ padding: 0 50px; margin: 5px 0; } .flex-colwrap img { display: none; max-width: 100%; width: 60px; height: auto; margin-top: -12px; left: 0px } } @media screen and (max-width:767px) { #hbar-stdpack { height: 60px } #hbar-stdpack a { height: 60px } .flex-colwrap img { display: none; max-width: 100%; width: 60px; height: auto; margin-top: -12px; left: 0px } .stdpack-offer-text { font: 600 14px/18px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin-top: 0 } .hclose { right: 0px; top: -16px; color: #fff } #hbar-stdpack::before, #hbar-stdpack::after { display: none } } .btslanding { background: #fbbe39; position: sticky; bottom: 0; z-index: 1; display: none } .btslanding a { display: block; width: 100% } .btslanding-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/bg-bts.png') no-repeat 0 0; width: 407px; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; position: relative } .btslanding-wrap p { color: #fff; font: bold 18px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; width: 407px; padding: 10px 0; position: relative; display: flex; align-items: center } .btslanding-wrap b { width: 300px; display: block; text-align: center } .btslanding-wrap p span { font-size: 20px } .btslanding-wrap p em { color: #fff; font: bold 16px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; position: absolute; right: 18px } .btslanding-wrap .hand { position: absolute; right: -12px; top: 15px } .hclose { /* position: absolute; */ /* right: 8px; */ font-size: 30px; /* padding: 6px 0 0; */ /* top: 2px; */ color: #000; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer } @media screen and (max-width:767px) { .btslanding-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/bg-bts-mb.png') no-repeat 0 0; width: 305px; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; position: relative } .btslanding-wrap p { font: bold 13px/18px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; width: 100% } .btslanding-wrap b { width: 216px; display: block; text-align: center } .btslanding-wrap p span { font-size: 16px } .btslanding-wrap p em { font: bold 14px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } } .bottom-nav{bottom:0px !important} </style> <style> .pad10 { padding: 10px 0 } .pad20 { padding: 20px 0 } .pb20 { padding-bottom: 20px } .mb20 { margin-bottom: 20px } .para { color: #3e3e3e; display: block; font: normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .subject-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; flex-shrink: 0 } .subject-wrap a { margin: 0 21px 15px 0 } .subject-box { width: 208px; height: 136px; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; border-radius: 16px; position: relative; display: flex; flex-direction: column } .centeralign { justify-content: center } .subject-box .right-arrow::after { top: -6px } .subject-box em { margin-left: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; font: normal normal bold 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif; text-transform: uppercase } .bg-slant-box-mathematics { border: 2px solid #445a50; color: #445a50 } .bg-slant-box-maths { border: 2px solid #445a50; color: #445a50 } .bg-slant-box-mathematics::after { border-color: #445a50 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-maths::after { border-color: #445a50 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-general-science { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-general-science::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-science { border: 2px solid #664e74; color: #664e74 } .bg-slant-box-science::after { border-color: #664e74 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-chemistry { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-chemistry::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-physics { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-physics::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-biology { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-biology::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-social-studies { border: 2px solid #953c3f; color: #953c3f } .bg-slant-box-social-studies::after { border-color: #953c3f transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-economics { border: 2px solid #953c3f; color: #953c3f } .bg-slant-box-economics::after { border-color: #953c3f transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-economics-applications { border: 2px solid #953c3f; color: #953c3f } .bg-slant-box-economics-applications::after { border-color: #953c3f transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-business-studies { border: 2px solid #44c0e6; color: #44e6e6 } .bg-slant-box-business-studies::after { border-color: #44c0e6 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-hindi { border: 2px solid #6e5226; color: #6e5226 } .bg-slant-box-hindi::after { border-color: #6e5226 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-english { border: 2px solid #2a6165; color: #2a6165 } .bg-slant-box-english::after { border-color: #2a6165 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-gk, .bg-slant-box-evs { border: 2px solid #1c81c4; color: #1c81c4 } .bg-slant-box-gk::after, .bg-slant-box-evs::after { border-color: #1c81c4 transparent transparent transparent } .icon-wrap { width: 50px; height: 50px; border-radius: 50%; margin: 6px 0 16px 8px; display: flex; flex-shrink: 0 } .abt--tl-sec .list-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e } .abt--tl-sec .list-wrap ul li { padding-bottom: 0 } .list-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; margin: 0 auto } .list-wrap ul { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-right: auto } .list-wrap ul li { background: #fff; border: 1px solid #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; width: 338px; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; align-items: center; border-radius: 16px; font: normal normal 400 16px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; position: relative; margin: 0 10px 20px 0; height: 79px } .abt--tl-sec .list-wrap ul li::before { display: none } .view-list { height: 120px; overflow: hidden } .view-list1 { height: 70px; overflow: hidden } .list-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; width: 100%; align-items: center; padding: 16px } .list-wrap ul li a span { padding-right: 10px } .list-desc-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center } .list-desc-wrap ul { display: flex; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap } .list-desc-wrap ul li { background: #fff; border: 1px solid #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; width: 338px; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; align-items: center; border-radius: 16px; height: 110px; font: normal normal 600 14px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; flex-direction: column; position: relative; margin: 0 5px 15px } .list-desc-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; width: 100%; align-items: flex-start; padding: 16px; flex-direction: column } .list-desc-wrap ul li h4 { display: block } .list-desc-wrap ul li span { width: 90%; font-size: 13px; height: 60px; overflow: hidden } .list-desc-wrap .bg-blue-arrow { position: absolute; right: 8px } .textbook-soln .list-wrap { display: block } .textbook-soln .list-wrap ul { display: block } .textbook-soln .list-wrap ul li { width: 362px; height: 70px; margin: 0 10px 20px; float: left } .textbook-soln .list-wrap ul li a span { margin-right: auto; padding-left: 15px; float: left } .textbook-soln em { float: left } .textbook-soln .bg-arrow { float: right } .clear { clear: both } .bg-arrow { width: 33px; height: 33px; border-radius: 50%; border: 1px solid #fff; display: flex; align-items: center } .bg-mathematics { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #668c80 0, #4f7267 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-maths { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #668c80 0, #4f7267 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-social-studies { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #c16366 0, #a34c4f 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-english { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #4fa2ad 0, #43848d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-hindi { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #cbaa5f 0, #a88c4d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-science { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #8d72a1 0, #614d71 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-general-science { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #8d72a1 0, #614d71 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-economics, .bg-geography, .bg-civics, .bg-history { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #c16366 0, #a88c4d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-business-studies, .bg-accountancy { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #006fba 0, #006fba 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-chemistry, .bg-physics, .bg-biology { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #8d72a1 0, #614d71 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .viewchapt { display: flex; justify-content: center; color: #3e3e3e; margin: 10px auto 0; position: relative; width: 377px } .viewchapt:after { width: 0; height: 0; position: absolute; top: 40%; right: 12px; content: "\203A"; z-index: 98; font-size: 30px; transform: rotate(90deg); color: #668c80 } .viewchapt select { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; padding: 12px 9px; border: 2px solid #668c80; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border-radius: 10px; background: #fff; height: 49px; width: 359px; font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .lm-btn { font: normal normal 600 15px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; cursor: pointer; margin: 20px auto 0; display: block } .lm-btn1 { margin: 0 auto } .show { height: auto } .banner-pyqs { background: url(/assets/v1/images/bg-banner-pyqs.jpg) no-repeat center top; width: 1067px; height: 226px; display: flex; margin: 0 auto 30px; align-items: center } .pyqs-left-img { background: url(/assets/v1/images/pyp-bg-img.png) no-repeat center top; width: 370px; height: 215px } .banner-pyqs .text, .banner-sample .text { width: 50%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: 60px; margin-top: -30px; text-align: center; align-items: center; color: #006fb9; font: normal normal 17px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: flex; flex-direction: column } .banner-sample { background: #eaeaea; width: 1067px; height: 226px; margin: 0 auto 30px; display: flex; align-items: center } .sample-left-img { background: url(/assets/v1/images/sample-bg-img.jpg) no-repeat center top; width: 389px; height: 226px } .banner-sample .text { margin-top: 0 } .comm-tabs { display: flex; justify-content: center } .tablinks { font: 600 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; background: #efefef; border: 1px solid #bababa; width: 50%; min-height: 47px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; position: relative; cursor: pointer } .tablinks.active { background: #006fb9; border-color: #006fb9; color: #fff; position: relative } .tablinks.active::after { content: ""; border-left: 8px solid transparent; border-right: 8px solid transparent; bottom: -9px; width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #006fb9; position: absolute; left: 50%; z-index: 1 } .nxt--vid-grid .vid-titl-w { display: flex; width: 100%; margin: 30px 0 0 } .nxt--vid-grid .vid-titl-w h3 { font: 700 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding-right: 23px; height: 48px; max-width: 270px; display: block; display: -webkit-box; -webkit-line-clamp: 2; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; text-overflow: ellipsis; overflow: hidden } .nxt--vid-grid .video-wrap { padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px } .nxt--vid-grid .vdo-img-wrap, .nxt--vid-grid .vdo-img-wrap img { max-width: 280px; width: 100% } .nxt--vid-grid .video-box { margin: 0; display: inherit; flex-direction: inherit } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow { height: 40px; width: 40px; background: #006fb9; border: 0; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 40px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; position: absolute; top: 40% } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow--left { left: 10px } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow img { width: 8px; height: 16px; position: relative } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow--right { right: 10px; left: auto } .nxt--vid-grid .vid-desc { padding-bottom: 40px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; color: #3e3e3e } .sec-titl-w { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-top: 15px } .sec-titl-w h2 { font: normal normal bold 22px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .v-all { color: #fff; width: 83px; height: 25px; background: #668c80 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgb(0 0 0 / 42%); border-radius: 0 12px; font: 700 10px/11px "Open Sans"; text-transform: uppercase; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-shrink: 0 } .v-all:after { content: ""; margin-left: 5px; border: solid #fff; border-width: 0 2px 2px 0; display: inline-block; padding: 2px; transform: rotate(-45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg) } .meta-info .desc { font: 400 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; border-bottom: 2px solid #bababa; padding: 8px 0 } .bottom-border { border-bottom: 2px solid #bababa; padding: 12px 0 } .sec-titl-w .mathematics { color: #668c80 } .sec-titl-w .maths { color: #668c80 } .mathematics-v-all { background: #668c80; color: #fff } .maths-v-all { background: #668c80; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .science { color: #8d72a1 } .science-v-all { background: #8d72a1; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .hindi { color: #cbaa5f } .hindi-v-all { background: #cbaa5f; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .social-studies { color: #c16366 } .social-studies-v-all { background: #c16366; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .english { color: #4fa2ad } .english-v-all { background: #4fa2ad; color: #fff } .flexcol-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin: 20px 0 } .tabs-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; margin-right: 23px; flex-shrink: 0 } .tabs-wrap a { background: #d9d9d9; border-radius: 8px; opacity: .83; padding: 6px; font: normal normal normal 15px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-right: 7px } .tabs-wrap .active { background: #fff; border: 2px solid #70aed7 } .select-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative; width: 331px; margin: 0 auto 30px } .select-wrap:after { width: 0; height: 0; position: absolute; top: 40%; right: 12px; content: "\203A"; z-index: 1; font-size: 30px; transform: rotate(90deg); color: #006fb9 } .select-wrap select { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; padding: 10px 9px; border: 2px solid #006fb9; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border-radius: 10px; background: #fff; height: 49px; width: 320px; font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } #filter { cursor: pointer; margin-left: 5px; display: flex; align-items: center; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 8px; justify-content: space-around; width: 193px; height: 49px; flex-shrink: 0 } #filter span { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; pointer-events: none } #filter img { pointer-events: none } .data-wrap .org-btn { margin: 50px auto } .ques-ans-box { width: 100%; padding: 7px 8px; background: #fff; position: relative; border-radius: 12px; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; margin-bottom: 20px } .ques-ans-box.slant-box::after { bottom: -11px; border-width: 51px 0 0 44px } .ques-ans-box .right-arrow::after { font-size: 26px; transform: rotate(-10deg); top: 8px; right: 24px } .boardName { font: normal normal 600 10px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .ques { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } #big-img { width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 10px 0 } #big-img img { width: 100% } .date-time { font: normal normal 600 11px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #595959; border-bottom: 2px solid #ededed } .ans-expert { font: normal normal 600 10px/10px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 5px 0; display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center } .ans-expert em { margin-right: 5px } .ans-expert button { font: normal normal 600 10px/10px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: flex; align-items: center } .answer { padding-bottom: 15px; font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .answer div { font: normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .answer ul { margin: 10px 0 } .answer ul li { font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; margin-left: 15px; padding-bottom: 15px; color: #3e3e3e } .answer ul li::before { content: ""; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #f48020; border-radius: 50%; display: block; margin: 8px 10px 0 -15px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .question { background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; border-radius: 16px; padding: 12px 15px 20px 15px; margin-top: 25px } .qstn-title { color: #006fb9; font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .question p, .qstn, .question>div { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .question img { max-width: 100% } .question ol { margin-left: 20px; list-style-type: upper-alpha; color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal normal 16px/34px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .question li::marker { color: #006fb9; font-weight: 700 } .qstn-option span { font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #006fb9 } .qstn-option { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .qstn-img { margin: 12px 0 } .question-section-b { margin-top: 23px } .section-subtitle { font: italic normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; width: 715px; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center } .downmoad-pdf { padding: 20px; font: normal normal bold 15px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 16px; width: 368px; margin: 0 auto; display: table; position: relative } .pdf-icon { position: absolute; right: 11px; top: 11px } .qstn span { font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .table-view { display: flex; margin-top: 10px } .opt-table { width: 613px; border: 1px solid #000; text-align: left } .opt-head { font: normal normal bold 13px/16px "Open Sans", sans-serif; border: 1px solid #000; padding: 3px } .opt { font: normal normal normal 13px/15px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 3px; border: 1px solid #000 } .table-view ul { position: relative; top: 20px; margin-right: 5px } .selbox-wrap { width: 330px; margin: 15px auto; position: relative; text-align: center } .selbox-wrap select { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 10px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 12px 28px 12px 9px; width: 100%; font: normal 16px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .selbox-wrap::after { width: 0; height: 0; position: absolute; top: 40%; right: 5px; content: "\203A"; z-index: 1; font-size: 30px; transform: rotate(90deg); color: #006fb9 } .ate-search-wrap { width: 300px; margin: 0 auto 20px; position: relative } .ate-search-wrap .input-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; border-radius: 8px; background: #dfdfdf } .input-search { width: 296px; height: 42px; color: #3e3e3e; opacity: .98; background: transparent; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; border: 0; padding: 12px 10px } .ate-search-wrap .input-wrap svg { margin: 9px 10px } .speaker-circle { background: transparent radial-gradient(closest-side at 37% 36%, #ff9140 0, #f16911 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; width: 39px; height: 38px; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-shrink: 0; margin-left: 20px; cursor: pointer } .ate-search-cont { display: flex; justify-content: space-between } .result-wrap { position: absolute; top: 43px; width: 336px; margin: -4px auto 0; background: #dfdfdf; padding: 20px 0 0; border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px; display: none; z-index: 1 } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul { margin-bottom: 10px; height: 150px; overflow: auto } .result-wrap ul li { list-style: none; font: normal normal normal 16px/36px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul li a, .result-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul li a:hover, .result-wrap ul li a:hover { color: #1c81c4 } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul li::before, .result-wrap ul li::before { display: none } .abt--tl-sec .no-results { margin-left: 10px } .result-wrap .no-results { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; margin-left: 10px } .no-results span { font: normal normal bold 16px/23px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding-left: 7px } .no-results span em { font: normal normal normal 14px/18px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: block; color: #3e3e3e } .vsmc { max-width: 293px; margin: 14% auto } .voice-search-mb { border-radius: 19px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; align-items: center; gap: 20px; margin: 0 auto } .pulse-effect { background-color: #f16911; height: 40px; width: 40px; border-radius: 100%; position: relative; margin: 15px 0 } .circle { position: absolute; background-color: #f16911; height: 100%; width: 100%; border-radius: 100%; opacity: .5; animation: pulse 3s ease-out infinite } .circle:nth-of-type(1) { animation-delay: -0.5s } .circle:nth-of-type(2) { animation-delay: -1s } .circle:nth-of-type(3) { animation-delay: -1.5s } .pulse-effect img { position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%) } @keyframes pulse { 100% { transform: scale(1.75); opacity: 0 } } .or-text { text-align: center; margin: 20px 0 } .or-text span { color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; opacity: .7; position: relative } .or-text span::before, .or-text span::after { content: ""; background: #d7d7d7; width: 30px; height: 2px; position: absolute; top: 10px } .or-text span::before { left: -38px } .or-text span::after { right: -38px } .ate-accordion .freebweb-label { background: #006fb9; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #fff } .ate-accordion .freebweb-label::after { color: #fff; margin-top: -10px; font-size: 40px } .ate-accordion .flexcol-wrap { justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; position: relative; z-index: 1; margin: 20px 0 } .ate-accordion .tabs-wrap { margin-right: 0; justify-content: flex-start } .ate-accordion .filterDataList { position: relative; z-index: 7; margin-top: 0; margin-left: 5px } .ate-accordion .filterDataList .chosenList { margin: 0 } .ate-accordion .data-wrap { position: relative; z-index: 1 } .ate-accordion .subjectList { padding: 3px 7px 3px 10px; margin: 0 6px 0 } [hidden] { display: none; visibility: hidden } .group-list li { margin: 10px 0 } .sub-group-list li { margin: 10px 0 } .group-list, .sub-group-list, .sub-sub-group-list { height: 100%; max-height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition: max-height 0.5s ease-in-out } .nav__list input[type="checkbox"]:checked+label+ul { max-height: 100% } .syllabus-section { margin-bottom: 40px } .max-inner-container { max-width: 755px; margin: 0 auto } .syllabus-desc p { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: center } .syllabus-desc .rm-btn { font: normal normal 600 15px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0; border: 0; background: 0; cursor: pointer; display: table; margin: 0 0 30px } .syllabus-desc .rm-btn:hover { opacity: .8 } .syllabus-section .accordion { margin-top: 15px } .syllabus-section .science-name { margin-top: 25px } .syllabus-section .accordion:first-child { margin-top: 0 } .syllabus-section .bord-accordion { border: 0 } .syllabus-section .border-label { padding: 0; font-weight: 400 } .syllabus-section .accordion-label::after { top: 8px; color: #8d72a1; right: 10px } .syllabus-section input:checked+.accordion-label::after { right: 10px } input:checked+.border-label { font-weight: 400 } .syllabus-section input:checked~.accordion-content { padding: 10px 0 0 0; margin: 0 12px } .accordion-content-inner { max-height: 0; padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all 0.35s; transition: all 0.35s; font: 400 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .inner-tab input:checked~.accordion-content-inner { max-height: 100vh } .biology-bg { background: #fff } .science-bg, .chemistry-bg, .physics-bg, .biology-bg { background: #8d72a1 } .common-sub-bg { background: #efefef } .mathematics-bg { background: #668c80 } .maths-bg { background: #668c80 } .oth-bg { background: #cbaa5f } .hindi-bg { background: #cbaa5f } .social-studies-bg { background: #c16366 } .economics-bg { background: #c16366 } .economics-applications-bg { background: #c16366 } .english-bg { background: #4fa2ad } .economics .sub-name { border: 2px solid #c16366; color: #fff } .chemistry .sub-name, .physics .sub-name, .biology .sub-name { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #fff } .maths .sub-name { border: 2px solid #668c80; color: #fff } .maths .group-list .sub-name, .hindi .group-list .sub-name, .social .group-list .sub-name, .english .group-list .sub-name, .social-studies .group-list .sub-name, .physics .group-list .sub-name, .biology .group-list .sub-name, .chemistry .group-list .sub-name, .economics .group-list .sub-name { color: #3e3e3e } .social-studies .group-list .sub-name.economics-bg { color: #fff } .hindi .sub-name { border: 2px solid #cbaa5f; color: #fff } .social .sub-name { border: 2px solid #c16366; color: #fff } .english .sub-name { border: 2px solid #4fa2ad; color: #fff } .social-studies .sub-name { color: #fff } .sub-name { display: block; width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #8d72a1; border-radius: 11px; font: normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .syllabus-section .science-name .sci-name { color: #fff; border: 0; padding: 13px } .syllabus-section .syllabus-section .science-name .accordion-label::after { color: #fff } .syllabus-section .sci-label::after { color: #fff } .lesson-points { padding: 0 25px } .lesson-points li { border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9; text-align: left; font: normal 15px/35px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .lesson-points .sub-links { color: #3e3e3e } .lesson-points li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .view-syllabus { font: normal 13px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #fff; padding: 1px 10px; border-radius: 15px; position: absolute; right: 50px; top: 12px } .view-science-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-biology-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-chemistry-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-physics-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-grammar-bg { background: #366f76 } .view-mathematics-bg { background: #466057 } .view-maths-bg { background: #466057 } .view-oth-bg { background: #5f4f2c } .view-hindi-bg { background: #5f4f2c } .view-social-studies-bg { background: #844446 } .view-economics-bg { background: #844446 } .view-economics-applications-bg { background: #844446 } .view-english-bg { background: #366f76 } .view-business-studies-bg { background: #8d72a1 } .view-accountancy-bg { background: #8d72a1 } .view-poems-and-short-stories-bg { background: #366f76 } .time-schedule { font: normal normal 600 15px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding-bottom: 10px } .time-schedule span { font-weight: 400 } .webinar-box .webinar { width: 550px; height: 138px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 15px } .webinar-box .webinar-inner { height: 106px } .webinar-flex .webinar-box:first-child { margin-left: 0 } .webinar-flex .webinar-box:nth-of-type(2n) { margin-right: 0 } .webinar-section { margin-bottom: 20px } .webinar-flex { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center } .webinar { border-radius: 16px; width: 370px; height: 126px; margin-right: 20px; margin-bottom: 30px; cursor: pointer } .bg-web-mathematics { border: 2px solid #668c80; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-maths { border: 2px solid #668c80; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-science { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-biology { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-chemistry { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-physics { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-english { border: 2px solid #366f76; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-grammar { border: 2px solid #366f76; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-poems-and-short-stories { border: 2px solid #366f76; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-hindi { border: 2px solid #cbaa5f; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-oth { border: 2px solid #cbaa5f; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-social-studies { border: 2px solid #c16366; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-economics { border: 2px solid #c16366; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-economics-applications { border: 2px solid #c16366; overflow: hidden } .webinar:nth-child(3n+3) { margin-right: 0 } .webinar-inner { background: #fff; height: 94px; display: flex; padding: 12px 13px 25px 11px; border-radius: 16px } .webinar-text { margin-left: 10px } .webinar-title { font: normal normal 600 16px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .webinar-desc { font: normal normal normal 13px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .webinar-bottom { display: flex } .webinar-duration { width: 50%; background-color: #efefef; padding: 4px 12px; font: normal normal normal 13px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .webinar-duration:before { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 12px; height: 7px; border-radius: 40%; box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #efefef; top: -10px; left: -2px; transform: rotate(45deg); z-index: -1 } .status-mathematics { background-color: #668c80 } .status-maths { background-color: #668c80 } .status-mathematics:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #668c80 } .status-maths:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #668c80 } .webinar-status { width: 50%; padding: 4px 12px; font: normal normal normal 13px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #fff; text-align: center; position: relative; cursor: pointer } .webinar-status:after { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 7px; height: 12px; border-radius: 0 40% 40% 40%; top: -12px; right: 0; transform: rotate(45deg) } .w-play { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; color: #fff; margin: 0 auto } .status-science { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-biology { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-chemistry { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-physics { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-science:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #8d72a1 } .status-social-studies { background-color: #c16366 } .status-economics { background-color: #c16366 } .status-economics-applications { background-color: #c16366 } .status-social-studies:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #c16366 } .status-hindi { background-color: #cbaa5f } .status-oth { background-color: #cbaa5f } .status-english { background-color: #366f76 } .status-grammar { background-color: #366f76 } .status-poems-and-short-stories { background-color: #366f76 } .status-hindi:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #cbaa5f } .w-time { font: normal normal 600 15px/19px "Open Sans", sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.28px } .free-web-accordion { margin-top: 20px } .freebweb-label { position: relative; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 9px; display: block; width: 100%; padding: 8px 15px; color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal normal 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif; cursor: pointer } .freebweb-label::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all 0.35s; transition: all 0.35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 30px; -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg); transform: rotate(90deg); color: #006fb9; opacity: .8; position: absolute; right: 8px } .freebweb-label span { display: inline-block; width: 95% } .free-web-accordion input { position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1 } .web-accord-content { max-height: 0; padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all 0.35s; transition: all 0.35s; font: 400 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif; opacity: 0; margin: 0; pointer-events: none } .webinar-box { margin: 0 15px 0 } input:checked+.freebweb-label::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); transform: rotate(270deg); right: 4px } input:checked~.web-accord-content { max-height: 100%; padding: 10px 0; opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto } #consmp-wrap .max-container { width: 853px } #consmp-wrap img { width: 100% } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrows { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; margin-top: 7px } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrow { width: 33px; height: 33px; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; cursor: pointer } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrow--prev svg { margin-left: -5px; margin-top: -6px } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrow--next svg { margin-left: -4px; margin-top: -6px } #slider-numbers { position: absolute; left: 50%; bottom: 10px } .ex-wrap { background: #efefef 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; border: 1px solid #c1c1c1 } .ex-wrap .excercise-cont { display: block; overflow: auto } .excercise-cont .exlinks { /* width: 90px; height: 46px; */ padding: 12px 0; margin: 0 20px; text-align: center; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block } .excercise-cont .exlinks:hover, .excercise-cont .exlinks.active { background: #006fb9; color: #fff; display: inline-block } .exc-cont { width: 1094px; margin: 0 auto } .chapt-text { color: #f16911; font: normal normal bold 10px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; text-transform: uppercase; padding-top: 18px } .soln-cont { border-bottom: 2px solid #e7e7e7; padding: 0 0 18px } .soln-cont:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .soln-cont h2 { color: #465d52; font: normal normal bold 18px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .number-list, .lowalpha-list, .upalpha-list, .lowroman-list, .uproman-list { margin: 20px 0 10px } .number-list li { list-style: decimal; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .lowalpha-list li { list-style: lower-alpha; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .upalpha-list li { list-style: upper-alpha; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .lowroman-list li { list-style: lower-roman; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .uproman-list li { list-style: upper-roman; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .soln-ttl { font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 10px 0 } .soln-ttl div, .soln-cont div { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .soln-cont p { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .soln-ttl ol { margin-left: 15px; font-weight: 400; margin-top: 15px } .pgcont p { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 20px } .abt--tl-sec ul { margin-bottom: 20px } .abt--tl-sec ul li { font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; margin-left: 15px; padding-bottom: 15px; color: #3e3e3e } .abt--tl-sec ul li::before { content: ""; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #999; border-radius: 50%; display: block; margin: 5px 10px 0 -15px; float: left } .abt--tl-sec ul li a { color: #1c81c4 } .video-container { width: 720px; height: 427px; border-radius: 9px; background: #848484; margin: 30px auto; position: relative; cursor: pointer } .lg-modal .modal-class { max-width: 761px } .lg-modal .modal-class .video-js { width: 710px; height: 320px } .pricing .pkg-ttl { padding: 15px 5px 10px; min-height: 75px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center } .pricing .glide__track { max-width: 750px; margin: 50px auto 0 } .pricing .pkg-wrap .glide__slide { max-width: 321px; margin: 0 0 30px } .pricing .pkg-box ul { background: #f0f0f0; width: 95%; height: 394px; border-radius: 25px } .view-pack { text-align: center; color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal bold 16px/34px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: block; padding-bottom: 12px; padding-top: 10px } @media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (max-width:1200px) { .subject-wrap { margin: 0 10px } .subject-box { flex-wrap: 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href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science</a> <ul class=""> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-biology">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Biology</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-physics">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-chemistry">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science</a> <ul class=""> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8">NCERT Solutions for Class 8</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7">NCERT Solutions for Class 7</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Hindi</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6">NCERT Solutions for Class 6</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Hindi</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Selina Solutions</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10">Selina Solutions for Class 10</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-maths">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-physics">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-chemistry">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-biology">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9">Selina Solutions for Class 9</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-maths">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-physics">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-chemistry">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-biology">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8">Selina Solutions for Class 8</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-maths">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-physics">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-chemistry">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-biology">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Other Solutions</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions">RD Sharma Solutions</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-12-science">RD Sharma Class 12 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-11-science">RD Sharma Class 11 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-10">RD Sharma Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-9">RD Sharma Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/r-s-aggarwal-and-v-aggarwal-solutions/cbse-class-10">R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/r-s-aggarwal-and-v-aggarwal-solutions/cbse-class-9">R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-10">Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-9">Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>P S Verma and V K Agarwal Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/p-s-verma-and-v-k-agarwal-solutions/cbse-class-9">P S Verma and V K Agarwal Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>Frank Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/frank-solutions/icse-class-10">Frank Solutions for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/frank-solutions/icse-class-9">Frank Solutions for Class 9</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>T S Grewal Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/t-s-grewal-solutions/cbse-class-12-commerce">T S Grewal Solutions for class 12 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/t-s-grewal-solutions/cbse-class-11-commerce">T S Grewal Solutions for class 11 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Study Materials</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse">CBSE</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li > <span>CBSE Sample Papers</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Revision Notes</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-revision-notes">CBSE Class 6 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-revision-notes">CBSE Class 7 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes">CBSE Class 8 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-revision-notes">CBSE Class 9 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes">CBSE Class 10 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-revision-notes">CBSE Class 11 Science Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-revision-notes">CBSE Class 11 Commerce Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-revision-notes">CBSE Class 12 Science Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-revision-notes">CBSE Class 12 Commerce Revision Notes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE MCQs</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 11 Science </a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 11 Commerce </a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 12 Science </a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 12 Commerce </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Video Lessons</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Syllabus</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Fill in the Blanks</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Important Questions</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Subjective Questions</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Practice Test</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse">ICSE</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li > <span>ICSE Sample Papers</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Video Lessons</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Revision Notes</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-revision-notes">ICSE Class 6 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-revision-notes">ICSE Class 7 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-revision-notes">ICSE Class 8 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-revision-notes">ICSE Class 9 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-revision-notes">ICSE Class 10 Revision Notes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Syllabus</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Important Questions</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE MCQs</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li 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href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/mock-test">JEE Main Mock Test</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/videos">JEE Main Video Lessons</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/main-previous-year-papers">JEE Main Previous Year Question Papers</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/webinar">JEE Main Webinar</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/main-syllabus">JEE Main Syllabus</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/advanced-syllabus">JEE Advanced Syllabus</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet">NEET</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/diagnostic-test">NEET Diagnostic Test</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/mock-test">NEET Mock Test</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a 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googletag.display('673b163894814'); }); } </script> </div> </div> <div class="ex-wrap"> <div class="max-container"> <div class="excercise-cont"> <div onclick="myFunction(1)" id="active_1" class="exlinks link" >Objective Type Questions</div> <div onclick="myFunction(2)" id="active_2" class="exlinks link" >Short Answer Questions</div> <div onclick="myFunction(3)" id="active_3" class="exlinks link" >Long Answer Questions</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="exc-cont"> <div class="soln-cont" id="pg1"> <div class="chapt-text"></div> <h2>Reproduction in Plants Exercise Objective Type Questions</h2> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 1.a</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(iv) Anther</span></font></p> </div> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 1.b</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(i) Stamens and carpels </span></font></p> </div> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 1.c</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(i) Artificial vegetative propagation</span></font></p> </div> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 2</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(a) A flower that bears both the male and the female parts is known as <b><u><span style="font-weight:bold">bisexual</span></u></b> flower.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(b) A flower bearing only male or female parts is known as <b><u><span style="font-weight:bold">unisexual</span></u></b> flower.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(c) Transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma is known as <b><u><span style="font-weight:bold">pollination</span></u></b>.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(d) Fusion of male cell with the female cell is called <b><u><span style="font-weight:bold">fertilisation</span></u></b>.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(e) The ovule develops into a <b><u><span style="font-weight:bold">seed</span></u></b>.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(f) The ovary of the flower develops into a <b><u><span style="font-weight:bold">fruit</span></u></b>.</span></font></p> </div> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 3</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(a) Ovary</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(b) Ovule</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(c) Anther</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(d) Petals</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(e) Style</span></font></p> </div>  </div>  <div class="soln-cont" id="pg2"> <div class="chapt-text"></div> <h2>Reproduction in Plants Exercise Short Answer Questions</h2> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 1</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">(a) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Vegetative reproduction</span>: The method of reproduction where in new plants are produced from the vegetative parts of a plant (propagules) such as the leaf, stem and root is called vegetative reproduction.<br /><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;">(b) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Pollination</span>:</span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"> Pollination is the process in which the pollen grains from the anthers are transferred to the stigma of a flower of the same species.<br /><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;">(c) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Grafting</span>:</span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"> Grafting is a method of artificial vegetative propagation in which a desired plant is obtained by intimately fixing a small shoot or bud of a desired variety of plant (scion) on the stem of another plant of the same of related species (stock).<br /><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;">(d) </span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Micropropagation</span>: Micropropagation is the rapid propagation of plants through plant tissue culture techniques. It involves growing small pieces of plant tissue in a laboratory to produce new plants.<br /><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;">(e) </span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Fertilisation</span>: Fertilisation is the fusion of the male gamete with the female gamete to produce a zygote.</span></p> </div> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 2</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>Pollination may occur in plants in the following two ways:</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>1. Self-pollination</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>2. Cross-pollination</span></font></p> </div> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 3</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><u><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>Features of insect-pollinated flowers:</span></font></u><i><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'> (Any two)</span></font></i></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>1. The flowers are large with coloured petals to attract insects.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>2. The flowers are scented so that insects locate the flowers by smell.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>3. The flowers contain nectar as food for insects.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>4. The flowers produce sticky pollen grains so that they may stick to the body parts of the insects.</span></font></p> </div> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 4</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><u><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>Characteristics of wind-pollinated flowers:</span></font></u><i><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'> (Any two)</span></font></i></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>1. The flowers produce light pollen so that it is easily carried away by wind.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>2. The flowers produce a large quantity of pollen.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>3. The flowers are usually small and are of dull colours.</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>4. They generally have long anthers protruding out of the flower so that the pollen grains may get blown off easily by the wind.</span></font></p> </div> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 5</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">(a) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">5 kinds of asexual reproduction</span>:</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">1. Binary fission</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">2. Budding</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">3. Fragmentation</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">4. Spore formation</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">5. Vegetative reproduction<br /><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;">(b) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">4 kinds of artificial vegetative propagation</span>:</span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">1. Cutting</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">2. Layering</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">3. Grafting</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">4. Tissue culture (Micropropagation)<br /><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;">(c) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">3 main pollinating agents</span>:</span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">1. Insects</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">2. Wind</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">3. Water<br /><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;">(d) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">2 kinds of unisexual flowers</span>:</span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">1. Staminate flowers</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">2. Pistillate flowers<br /><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;">(e) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">4 whorls of a bisexual flower</span>:</span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">1. Calyx</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">2. Corolla</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">3. Androecium</span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">4. Gynoecium </span></span></p> </div> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 6</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">(a) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Gardeners prefer to grow certain plants vegetatively because of the following reasons:</span></span></span></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Reproduction by vegetative parts takes place in a shorter time.</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">New plants, thus produced, spread very fast in a small area.</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">It is a surer method of propagation.</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">All the good characteristics of the mother plant are retained by the daughter plants.</span></span></li> </ul> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">(b) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Artificial pollination is useful to plant breeders because of the following reasons:</span></span></span></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">It allows them to develop newer varieties of crop plants. </span></span></li> <li><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">It enables them to introduce some desired characters in the new plant. This is done by selecting parent plants with the desirable characters.</span></span></li> <li><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Example: They can cross pollinate a plant which has disease-resistant property with a plant which has high yielding property to produce a new plant with both the properties thus making this plant superior in quality.</span></span></li> </ul> </div>  </div>  <div class="soln-cont" id="pg3"> <div class="chapt-text"></div> <h2>Reproduction in Plants Exercise Long Answer Questions</h2> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 1</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">(a) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Differences between Self pollination and Cross pollination (definition):</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"> </span></p> <table > <tbody> <tr > <td > <p ><strong><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Self pollination</span></span></strong></p> </td> <td > <p ><strong><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Cross pollination</span></span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr > <td > <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Occurs either within the same flower or between two flowers on the same plant.</span></span></p> </td> <td > <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Occurs between two flowers on different plants of the same species.</span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">(b) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Differences between Pollen grain and Ovule (location in the flower):</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"> </span></p> <table > <tbody> <tr > <td > <p ><strong><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Pollen grain</span></span></strong></p> </td> <td > <p ><strong><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Ovule</span></span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr > <td > <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Present inside the pollen sacs of the anther.</span></span></p> </td> <td > <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Present inside the ovary.</span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">(c) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Differences between Sepals and Petals (function):</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"> </span></p> <table > <tbody> <tr > <td > <p ><strong><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Sepals</span></span></strong></p> </td> <td > <p ><strong><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Petals</span></span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr > <td > <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Protect the inner parts of the flower in the bud condition.</span></span></p> </td> <td > <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Attract insects for pollination.</span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">(d) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Differences between <em><span style="font-style: italic;">Chlorella</span></em> and <em><span style="font-style: italic;">Spirogyra</span></em> (mode of asexual reproduction):</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"> </span></p> <table > <tbody> <tr > <td > <p ><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Chlorella</span></span></em></strong></p> </td> <td > <p ><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Spirogyra</span></span></em></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr > <td > <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Asexual reproduction through multiple fission.</span></span></p> </td> <td > <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Asexual reproduction through fragmentation.</span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p> <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">(e) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Differences between <em><span style="font-style: italic;">Vallisneria</span></em> and <em><span style="font-style: italic;">Trapa</span></em> (kind of pollinating agent):</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"> </span></p> <table > <tbody> <tr > <td > <p ><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Vallisneria</span></span></em></strong></p> </td> <td > <p ><strong><em><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Trapa</span></span></em></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr > <td > <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Pollinating agent is water.</span></span></p> </td> <td > <p ><span style="font-family: 'Cambria Math'; font-size: medium;"><span style="'font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: "Cambria;" lang="EN-US">Pollinating agent is insect.</span></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h3 class="soln-ttl">Solution 2</h3>  <div class="soln-cont"> <p ><u><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>Structure of a flower</span></font></u></p> <p ><font size="2" face="Calibri"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt"><img width="524" height="206" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/questions/662a017905cdb/image001.jpg"></span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(a) Stalk/Pedicel</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(b) Thalamus</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(c) Sepal</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(d) Stamen</span></font></p> <p ><font size="3" face="Cambria Math"><span lang="EN-US" style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family: "Cambria Math",serif'>(e) Stigma</span></font></p> </div>  </div>  </div> </section>   <section class="abt--tl-sec"> <div class="max-container"> </div> </section>     </div>  <div id="ROS_AS_PG_1x1"></div> <div id="ROS_AS_PG_SLIDER_1x1"></div> <div id="ROS_AS_SKIN_OOP"></div> <div id="ROS_AS_SHOSH_OOP"></div> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.cmd.push(function() { 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