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for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 开关目录 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">维生素B</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。62种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" > 62种语言 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="فيتامينات بي – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيتامينات بي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_vitamini" title="B vitamini – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="B vitamini" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%8B_B" title="Вітаміны групы B – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вітаміны групы B" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%8B_%D0%91" title="Вітаміны групы Б – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вітаміны групы Б" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_B" title="Витамини от група B – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Витамини от група B" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF" title="ভিটামিন বি – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভিটামিন বি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B" title="Vitamina B – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vitamina B" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-komplex" title="B-komplex – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="B-komplex" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitamin_B" title="Fitamin B – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Fitamin B" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B" title="Vitamin B – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vitamin B" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B" title="Vitamin B – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vitamin B" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%88%DE%A8%DE%93%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0_%DE%84%DE%A9" title="ވިޓަމިން ބީ – 迪维希语" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ވިޓަމިން ބީ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="迪维希语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_vitamins" title="B vitamins – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="B vitamins" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamino_B" title="Vitamino B – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vitamino B" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitaminas_del_grupo_B" title="Vitaminas del grupo B – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vitaminas del grupo B" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-r%C3%BChma_vitamiinid" title="B-rühma vitamiinid – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="B-rühma vitamiinid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_taldearen_bitaminak" title="B taldearen bitaminak – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="B taldearen bitaminak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87_%D8%A8" title="ویتامین‌های گروه ب – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویتامین‌های گروه ب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-vitamiini" title="B-vitamiini – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="B-vitamiini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamine_B" title="Vitamine B – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vitamine B" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B" title="Vitamina B – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vitamina B" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9F_B" title="ויטמין B – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויטמין B" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="विटामिन बी समूह – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विटामिन बी समूह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-kompleks" title="B-kompleks – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="B-kompleks" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_%D5%AD%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%AB_%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="B խմբի վիտամիններ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="B խմբի վիտամիններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B" title="Vitamin B – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Vitamin B" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-v%C3%ADtam%C3%ADn" title="B-vítamín – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="B-vítamín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B" title="Vitamina B – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vitamina B" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9F%E3%83%B3B%E7%BE%A4" title="ビタミンB群 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビタミンB群" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="B ვიტამინები – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="B ვიტამინები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%93_B" title="វីតាមីន B – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វីតាមីន B" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%ED%83%80%EB%AF%BC_B_%EB%B3%B5%ED%95%A9%EC%B2%B4" title="비타민 B 복합체 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비타민 B 복합체" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%AEtam%C3%AEn%C3%AAn_B" title="Vîtamînên B – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Vîtamînên B" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitaminn_B" title="Vitaminn B – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Vitaminn B" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitaminas_B" title="Vitaminas B – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vitaminas B" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ജീവകം ബി കോംപ്ലക്സ് – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജീവകം ബി കോംപ്ലക്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC-%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="ब-जीवनसत्त्व – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ब-जीवनसत्त्व" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B" title="Vitamin B – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Vitamin B" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80" title="भिटामिन बी – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भिटामिन बी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamine_B" title="Vitamine B – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vitamine B" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B" title="Vitamin B – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vitamin B" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B" title="Vitamina B – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vitamina B" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%96" title="ଜୀବସାର ଖ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଜୀବସାର ଖ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witaminy_B" title="Witaminy B – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Witaminy B" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complexo_B" title="Complexo B – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Complexo B" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B" title="Vitamina B – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vitamina B" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%8B_B" title="Витамины группы B – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Витамины группы B" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B" title="Vitamin B – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vitamin B" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_vitamins" title="B vitamins – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="B vitamins" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitam%C3%ADn_B" title="Vitamín B – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vitamín B" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B" title="Vitamin B – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vitamin B" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B" title="Vitamina B – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vitamina B" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%91" title="Витамин Б – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Витамин Б" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-vitamin" title="B-vitamin – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="B-vitamin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF" title="உயிர்ச்சத்து பி – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உயிர்ச்சத்து பி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_vitaminleri" title="B vitaminleri – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="B vitaminleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%D9%89%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%89%D9%86B" title="ۋىتامىنB – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋىتامىنB" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B8_B" title="Вітаміни групи B – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вітаміни групи B" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="وٹامن بی کمپلیکس – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وٹامن بی کمپلیکس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_vitaminlari" title="B vitaminlari – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="B vitaminlari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B" title="Vitamin B – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vitamin B" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B" title="维生素B – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" 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.ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expert_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目需要精通或熟悉<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="化学">化学</a>的编者参与及协助编辑。 請<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%B0%88%E5%AE%B6%E9%82%80%E8%AB%8B%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%B0%8F%E7%B5%84" title="Wikipedia:專家邀請工作小組">邀請</a>適合的人士<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&action=edit">改善本条目</a>。更多的細節與詳情請參见<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B" title="Talk:维生素B">討論頁</a>。 另見其他<a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%B3%E6%B3%A8%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:需要化学专家关注的页面">需要化学專家關注的頁面</a>。</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-3e57f5d1" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="IT"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="People"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="地名"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Lifesciences"></div></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:复合维生素B; zh-tw:維他命B複合物; zh-hk:維他命B雜;"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref"><a href="/wiki/File:Star_of_life_caution.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/20px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/30px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/40px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="190" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="维基百科">维基百科</a>中的醫學内容仅供参考，並不能視作專業意見。如需獲取醫療幫助或意見，请咨询专业人士。詳見<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E" title="Wikipedia:医学声明">醫學聲明</a>。</div> 維生素B又稱維他命B，是一組水溶性<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%BB%96%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="維他命">維他命</a>，對於<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="細胞">細胞</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AC%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="代謝">代謝</a>及合成<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E8%A1%80%E7%90%83" class="mw-redirect" title="紅血球">紅血球</a>有著重要的作用<a href="#cite_note-mlp-1">[1]</a>。每種維生素B均以其具體編號或名稱來表示，儘管它們具有相似的名稱（如維生素B1、B2、B3等<a href="#cite_note-mlp-1">[1]</a>）。每種維生素B補充劑均以其具體編號來表示其化學成分，例如維生素B1=硫胺素...等。有些名字比編號更眾所周知，如：烟酸、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%85%B8" title="泛酸">泛酸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B4%A0" title="生物素">生物素</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="叶酸">葉酸</a>等<a href="#cite_note-mlp-1">[1]</a>。它們於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="化學物質">化學上</a>是不同的化合物，通常共存於同一食物中<a href="#cite_note-mlp-1">[1]</a>。一般而言，包含全部八種維生素B成分的<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%9F%E9%A4%8A%E8%A3%9C%E5%85%85%E5%93%81" title="營養補充品">膳食補充劑</a>稱為「維他命B複合物」。 每種維生素B都是參與關鍵<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AC%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="代謝">代謝</a>過程的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%94%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="輔因子">輔助因子</a>（通常以<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%94%E9%85%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="輔酶">輔酶</a>形式存在），或是製造維生素B所需的<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E4%BD%93" title="前体">前驅物</a>。它們有助調節<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%99%B3%E4%BB%A3%E8%AC%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="新陳代謝">新陳代謝</a>、維持<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%86%9A" title="皮膚">皮膚</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%8C%E8%82%89" title="肌肉">肌肉</a>的健康，增進<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="免疫系統">免疫系統</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="神經系統">神經系統</a>的功能，從而促進細胞的生長和<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%88%86%E8%A3%82" class="mw-redirect" title="細胞分裂">分裂</a>（包括促進<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E8%A1%80%E7%90%83" class="mw-redirect" title="紅血球">紅血球</a>的產生，從而預防<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A7%E8%A1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="貧血">貧血</a>的出現），其中維生素B1、B6和B12有助保護神經組織細胞，而維生素B2則具有抗氧化作用，植物能自然合成維生素B2，但人類及動物一般不能自然合成，必須從食物獲取。維生素B2是維持動物正常生長所必需的元素之一，如果缺乏則有可能導致生長停頓或局部損害。 <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="來源">來源</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：來源">编辑</a>]</div> 維生素B於肉類、蛋類和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B6%E5%88%B6%E5%93%81" title="奶制品">奶類製品</a>中的含量較為豐富<a href="#cite_note-mlp-1">[1]</a>，尤其集中於肉類，如火雞、吞拿魚和肝臟等<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a>。加工後的碳水化合物（如糖和白麵粉）中的維生素B含量往往低於未加工的碳水化合物，在整個未經加工的碳水化合物為基礎的食物中也發現到少量維生素B。正因如此，許多國家（包括美國）的法律要求在加工後把維生素B的硫胺素、核黃素、烟酸和葉酸重新添加到白麵粉中。在食品標籤中，這就是所謂的「濃縮麪粉（Enriched Flour）」。 維生素B的來源還包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%A2%E6%9E%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="莢果">莢果</a>（豆類）、全穀物、馬鈴薯、香蕉、辣椒、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E8%B2%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="丹貝">丹貝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%9F%E9%A4%8A%E9%85%B5%E6%AF%8D" title="營養酵母">營養酵母</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B5%E6%AF%8D#啤酒" title="酵母">啤酒酵母</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E8%9C%9C" title="糖蜜">糖蜜</a>。儘管用於釀造啤酒的酵母使啤酒成為維生素B的來源<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>，然而由於飲用<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%86%87" title="乙醇">乙醇</a>會抑制硫胺素（維生素B1）、核黃素（維生素B2）<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>、烟酸（維生素B3）<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a>、生物素（維生素B7）<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a>和葉酸（維生素B9）<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a>的吸收，因此其生物利用度從差跌至負。此外，上述每項研究均進一步強調，飲用啤酒和其他<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92" title="酒">含酒精飲料</a>的增加會導致這些維生素B的淨虧損，以及與此類缺乏症相關的健康風險。 由於<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B12" class="mw-redirect" title="維生素B12">植物產品</a>中的維生素B12含量不高<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a>，而純素食者不能透過飲食攝取，這使得維生素B12缺乏症成為<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%A0%B9%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="維根主義">純素食者</a>的重要問題。植物性食品製造商有時會報告維生素B12的含量，從而導致人們對維生素B12的來源產生困惑和混亂。產生混淆的原因是，用於測量維生素B12含量的標準<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%97%A5%E5%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="美國藥典">美國藥典</a>（USP）方法是無法直接測量維生素B12的。相反，它測量對食物中的細菌反應。在植物來源中發現維生素B12的化學變體對細菌具有活性，但無法被人體使用。同樣的現象也可能導致其他類型食物中的維生素B12含量顯著超標的報告<a href="#cite_note-#1-12">[12]</a>。 常見增加維生素B攝入量的方式是透過使用<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%9F%E9%A4%8A%E8%A3%9C%E5%85%85%E5%93%81" title="營養補充品">膳食補充劑</a>。維生素B通常添加到<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F%E9%A5%AE%E6%96%99" title="能量饮料">能量飲料</a>中，其中許多已跟大量維生素B一起投放市場銷售<a href="#cite_note-Woolston-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-#1-12">[12]</a>，聲稱這將讓消費者「在你的一天的航程中，不會感到緊張不安和繃緊」<a href="#cite_note-Woolston-13">[13]</a>。然而一些營養學家對這些說法持批評態度，例如指出，儘管維生素B確實「有助於釋放食物中的能量」，但大多數美國人從他們的飲食中就能輕鬆獲取必要的份量<a href="#cite_note-Woolston-13">[13]</a>。 由於維生素B具水溶性，因此過量的維生素B通常很容易排出體外，儘管它個別地吸收，但使用和代謝可能會有所不同<a href="#cite_note-Woolston-13">[13]</a>。由於吸收問題和對能量產生的需求增加，老年人和運動員可能需要補充B12和其他維生素B雜的攝入量。在嚴重缺乏的情況下，也可以透過注射維生素B，特別是維生素B12，以逆轉該缺乏症的情況<a href="#cite_note-Vitamin_B_injections_mentioned-14">[14]</a>。1型和2型糖尿病患者基於血漿中的硫胺素濃度低的高患病率，與糖尿病有關的硫胺素清除率增加，他們也可能被建議補充硫胺素<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a>。同樣，早期胚胎發育中的維生素B9（葉酸）的缺乏症是跟<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E7%AE%A1%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="神經管缺陷（页面不存在）">神經管缺陷</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_tube_defect" class="extiw" title="en:Neural tube defect">Neural tube defect</a>）有關。因此，通常鼓勵正在計劃懷孕的婦女增加日常飲食中葉酸的攝取量及／或服用補充劑<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="維生素B種類">維生素B種類</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：維生素B種類">编辑</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>維生素B編號</th> <th>名稱</th> <th>說明 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E8%83%BA" title="硫胺">維生素B1</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E8%83%BA" title="硫胺">硫胺</a>（Thiamine）</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96" title="糖">糖</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8" title="氨基酸">氨基酸</a>於<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E5%8C%96%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="异化作用">分解代謝</a>中的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%94%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="輔因子">輔因子</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0" title="核黄素">維生素B2</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0" title="核黄素">核黃素</a>（Riboflavin）</td> <td>輔因子<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E4%BD%93" title="前体">前體</a>，稱為<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0%E8%85%BA%E5%98%8C%E5%91%A4%E4%BA%8C%E6%A0%B8%E8%8B%B7%E9%85%B8" title="黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸">FAD</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0%E5%8D%95%E6%A0%B8%E8%8B%B7%E9%85%B8" title="黄素单核苷酸">FMN</a>，它們是<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD" title="黄素蛋白">黃素蛋白</a>酶反應所必需的，包括激活其他維他命。 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B8" title="烟酸">維生素B3</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B8" title="烟酸">烟酸</a>（Niacin／Nicotinic acid） <a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA" title="烟酰胺">烟酰胺</a>（Nicotinamide） <a href="/wiki/%E7%85%99%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96" title="煙酰胺核糖">煙酰胺核糖</a>（Nicotinamide riboside）</td> <td>輔因子前體，稱為<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA%E8%85%BA%E5%98%8C%E5%91%A4%E4%BA%8C%E6%A0%B8%E8%8B%B7%E9%85%B8" title="烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸">NAD</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA%E8%85%BA%E5%98%8C%E5%91%A4%E4%BA%8C%E6%A0%B8%E8%8B%B7%E9%85%B8%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸">NADP</a>，它們是許多<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AC%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="代謝">新陳代謝</a>過程中所需要的。 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%85%B8" title="泛酸">維生素B5</a></td> <td>泛酸（Pantothenic acid）</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%94%E9%85%B6A" class="mw-redirect" title="輔酶A">輔酶A</a>的前體，因此需要代謝許多分子。 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B6" title="维生素B6">維生素B6</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%87" title="吡哆醇">吡哆醇</a>（Pyridoxine） <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%9B" title="吡哆醛">吡哆醛</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E8%83%BA" title="吡哆胺">吡哆胺</a></td> <td>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AC%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="代謝">新陳代謝</a>中許多酶促反應的一種輔因子。 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B4%A0" title="生物素">維生素B7</a></td> <td>生物素（Biotin）</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A7%E5%8C%96%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="羧化作用">羧化作用</a>酶的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%94%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="輔因子">輔因子</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E9%85%B8" title="脂肪酸">脂肪酸</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E5%BC%82%E7%94%9F" title="糖异生">糖質新生</a>合成所需的。 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="叶酸">維生素B9</a></td> <td>葉酸（Folate）</td> <td>DNA製造、修復和<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E5%8C%96" title="甲基化">甲基化</a>所需的前體；各種反應中的輔因子；幫助快速<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%88%86%E8%A3%82" class="mw-redirect" title="細胞分裂">細胞分裂</a>和生長方面尤其重要，例如在嬰兒期和懷孕期。 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B12" class="mw-redirect" title="維生素B12">維生素B12</a></td> <td>各種<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7%E8%83%BA%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鈷胺素">鈷胺素</a>（cobalamins） 常見於維他命補充劑中的 — <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E9%92%B4%E8%83%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="氰钴胺">氰钴胺</a>（Cyanocobalamin）或 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E9%88%B7%E8%83%BA%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="甲基鈷胺素（页面不存在）">甲基鈷胺素</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylcobalamin" class="extiw" title="en:Methylcobalamin">Methylcobalamin</a>）</td> <td>參與人體每個細胞新陳代謝的輔酶，特別是影響DNA的合成和調節，而且也影響<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E9%85%B8%E4%BB%A3%E8%AC%9D" title="脂肪酸代謝">脂肪酸代謝</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8%E4%BB%A3%E8%AC%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="氨基酸代謝（页面不存在）">氨基酸代謝</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_metabolism" class="extiw" title="en:Protein metabolism">Protein metabolism</a>）。 </td></tr></tbody></table> 注：其他曾經被認為是維他命的物質於維生素B的編號方案中得到編號，但後來被發現它們並非生命中必不可少的東西，或不能由人體自己製造，因此不能符合維他命的兩個基本限定條件。有關編號4、8、10、11及其他編號的內容，請參見於<a href="#其他維生素B">#其他維生素B</a>的部分。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分子功能">分子功能</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：分子功能">编辑</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="90">維生素B 編號</th> <th width="150">名稱</th> <th>結構</th> <th width="999">分子功能 </th></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B1</td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E8%83%BA" title="硫胺">硫胺</a></center></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Thiamin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Thiamin.svg/110px-Thiamin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Thiamin.svg/165px-Thiamin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Thiamin.svg/220px-Thiamin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="346" data-file-height="201" /></a></td> <td>硫胺於碳水化合物釋放能量中起著核心作用。它涉及<a href="/wiki/RNA" class="mw-redirect" title="RNA">RNA</a>與<a href="/wiki/DNA" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA">DNA</a>的合成，以及影響生物體的神經功能。其輔酶的活性形式稱為<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E8%83%BA%E7%B4%A0%E7%84%A6%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="硫胺素焦磷酸">硫胺素焦磷酸</a>（TPP），在代謝過程中參與了丙酮酸（pyruvate）轉化為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B0%E8%BE%85%E9%85%B6A" title="乙酰辅酶A">乙醯輔酶A</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E9%85%AE%E9%85%B8%E8%84%AB%E6%B0%AB%E9%85%B6%E8%A4%87%E5%90%88%E9%AB%94" title="丙酮酸脫氫酶複合體">過程</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B2</td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0" title="核黄素">核黃素</a></center></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Riboflavin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Riboflavin.svg/110px-Riboflavin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Riboflavin.svg/165px-Riboflavin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Riboflavin.svg/220px-Riboflavin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="430" /></a></td> <td>核黃素涉及<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%82%B3%E9%81%9E%E9%8F%88" title="電子傳遞鏈">電子傳遞鏈</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%BE%A7%E9%85%B8%E5%BE%AA%E7%92%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="三羧酸循環">三羧酸循環</a>，以及脂肪酸的分解代謝（<a href="/wiki/%CE%92-%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96" title="Β-氧化">β-氧化</a>）中的能量釋放<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B3</td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B8" title="烟酸">烟酸</a></center></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Niacin_structure.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Niacin_structure.svg/60px-Niacin_structure.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Niacin_structure.svg/90px-Niacin_structure.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Niacin_structure.svg/120px-Niacin_structure.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="428" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td>烟酸由兩個結構組成：烟酸（nicotinic acid）及<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA" title="烟酰胺">烟酰胺</a>。烟酸有兩種輔酶形式：<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA%E8%85%BA%E5%98%8C%E5%91%A4%E4%BA%8C%E6%A0%B8%E8%8B%B7%E9%85%B8" title="烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸">烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸</a>（NAD）及<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA%E8%85%BA%E5%98%8C%E5%91%A4%E4%BA%8C%E6%A0%B8%E8%8B%B7%E9%85%B8%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8" title="烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸">烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸</a>（NADP）。兩者均在葡萄糖、脂肪和酒精的代謝能量轉移反應中有著重要的作用<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a>。NAD在代謝反應中會攜帶氫及其電子，包括從檸檬酸循環到電子傳輸鏈的路徑。NADP是一種脂質與核酸合成過程中的輔酶<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B5</td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%85%B8" title="泛酸">泛酸</a></center></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:(R)-Pantothenic_acid_Formula_V.1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%28R%29-Pantothenic_acid_Formula_V.1.svg/110px-%28R%29-Pantothenic_acid_Formula_V.1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%28R%29-Pantothenic_acid_Formula_V.1.svg/165px-%28R%29-Pantothenic_acid_Formula_V.1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%28R%29-Pantothenic_acid_Formula_V.1.svg/220px-%28R%29-Pantothenic_acid_Formula_V.1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="405" data-file-height="136" /></a></td> <td>泛酸涉及脂肪酸和碳水化合物的氧化。可以由泛酸合成的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%94%E9%85%B6A" class="mw-redirect" title="輔酶A">輔酶A</a>，當中涉及氨基酸、脂肪酸、<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%AE%E4%BD%93" title="酮体">酮體</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%86%BD%E5%9B%BA%E9%86%87" title="膽固醇">膽固醇</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a>、磷脂、類固醇激素、神經遞質（例如<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B0%E8%83%86%E7%A2%B1" title="乙酰胆碱">乙醯膽鹼</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="抗體">抗體</a>的合成<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B6</td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%87" title="吡哆醇">吡哆醇</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%9B" title="吡哆醛">吡哆醛</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E8%83%BA" title="吡哆胺">吡哆胺</a></center></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Pyridoxal-phosphate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Pyridoxal-phosphate.svg/110px-Pyridoxal-phosphate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Pyridoxal-phosphate.svg/165px-Pyridoxal-phosphate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Pyridoxal-phosphate.svg/220px-Pyridoxal-phosphate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1224" data-file-height="725" /></a></td> <td>作為<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%9B" title="磷酸吡哆醛">磷酸吡哆醛</a>（PLP）的活性形式（已描述），在許多酶促反應中，主要充當氨基酸代謝中的輔因子，包括神經遞質的生物合成。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B7</td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B4%A0" title="生物素">生物素</a></center></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Biotin_structure_JA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Biotin_structure_JA.png/110px-Biotin_structure_JA.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Biotin_structure_JA.png/165px-Biotin_structure_JA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Biotin_structure_JA.png/220px-Biotin_structure_JA.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="670" /></a></td> <td>生物素在脂質、蛋白質和碳水化合物的代謝中發揮著關鍵作用。它是四種羧化酶的關鍵輔酶：乙酰輔酶A羧化酶（acetyl CoA carboxylase），那是涉及從醋酸鹽合成脂肪酸的過程；涉及<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E7%95%B0%E7%94%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="糖異生">糖異生</a>（gluconeogenesis）的丙酮酸羧化酶（pyruvate carboxylase）；涉及<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%83%BA%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="白胺酸">白胺酸</a>代謝的β-甲基巴豆酰基輔酶A羧化酶（β-methylcrotonyl CoA carboxylase）；與涉及能量、氨基酸和膽固醇代謝有關的丙酰輔酶A羧化酶（propionyl CoA carboxylase）<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B9</td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="叶酸">葉酸</a></center></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Folic_acid.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Folic_acid.svg/110px-Folic_acid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Folic_acid.svg/165px-Folic_acid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Folic_acid.svg/220px-Folic_acid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="153" /></a></td> <td>葉酸以<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A2%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="四氢叶酸">四氫葉酸</a>（THF）的形式充當輔酶，它涉及核酸和氨基酸代謝過程中單碳單元的轉移。THF涉及嘌呤與嘧啶核苷酸（pyrimidine nucleotide）的合成，因此是正常的細胞分裂所必需的，尤其是在需要快速成長的懷孕期和嬰兒期。葉酸也促進<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E8%A1%80%E7%90%83%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90" class="mw-redirect" title="红血球生成">紅血球生成</a>，那是產生<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E8%A1%80%E7%90%83" class="mw-redirect" title="紅血球">紅血球</a>的過程<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B12</td> <td><center><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7%E8%83%BA%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鈷胺素">鈷胺素</a></center></td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Cobalamin_skeletal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Cobalamin_skeletal.svg/110px-Cobalamin_skeletal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Cobalamin_skeletal.svg/165px-Cobalamin_skeletal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Cobalamin_skeletal.svg/220px-Cobalamin_skeletal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="605" /></a></td> <td>維生素B12涉及<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%A3%E9%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="醣類">醣類</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="蛋白質">蛋白質</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="脂質">脂質</a>細胞的代謝。它於骨髓血細胞的生產，以及神經鞘和蛋白質中必不可少<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a>。維生素B12作為<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%92%B4%E8%83%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="甲钴胺">甲鈷胺</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylcobalamin" class="extiw" title="en:Methylcobalamin">Methylcobalamin</a>）於蛋氨酸合酶反應（methionine synthase reaction）中間代謝的輔酶，以及<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%BA%E8%8B%B7%E9%92%B4%E8%83%BA%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="腺苷钴胺素">腺苷鈷胺素</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosylcobalamin" class="extiw" title="en:Adenosylcobalamin">Adenosylcobalamin</a>）的甲基丙二酰輔酶A突變酶反應（methylmalonyl CoA mutase reaction）<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a>。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="缺乏症">缺乏症</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：缺乏症">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0%E7%BC%BA%E4%B9%8F%E7%97%87" title="维生素缺乏症">維生素缺乏症</a></div> 幾種已命名的維生素缺乏症可能是由於缺乏足夠的多種維生素B而引起的。其他缺乏維生素B而導致的症狀不屬於已命名的缺乏症疾病的一部分。 <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="90">維生素B 編號</th> <th width="170">名稱</th> <th width="999">分子功能 </th></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E8%83%BA" title="硫胺">硫胺</a></td> <td>缺乏會導致患<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%B3%E6%B0%A3%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="腳氣病">腳氣病</a>。這種<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="神經系統">神經系統</a>疾病的症狀包括體重減輕、情緒干擾、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%8B%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%8F%E8%85%A6%E7%97%85%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="韋尼克式氏腦病變（页面不存在）">韋尼克式氏腦病變</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wernicke_encephalopathy" class="extiw" title="en:Wernicke encephalopathy">Wernicke encephalopathy</a>）（感官知覺受損）、四肢無力和疼痛、出現<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E5%BE%8B%E4%B8%8D%E6%95%B4" title="心律不整">心律不整</a>期間和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%85%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="水腫">水腫</a>（身體組織腫脹）。在晚期病例中可能會出現<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E8%87%9F%E8%A1%B0%E7%AB%AD" title="心臟衰竭">心臟衰竭</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1" title="死亡">死亡</a>。慢性硫胺缺乏症也會引起<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%B2%99%E5%8F%AF%E5%A4%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="高沙可夫症候群">高沙可夫症候群</a>，那是一種以<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E6%86%B6%E7%97%87" class="mw-redirect" title="失憶症">失憶症</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%99%9B%E6%A7%8B%E6%80%A7%E5%A1%AB%E8%A3%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="虛構性填補（页面不存在）">虛構性填補</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confabulation" class="extiw" title="en:Confabulation">Confabulation</a>）為特徵的不可逆轉性<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E6%99%BA%E7%97%87" title="失智症">認知障礙症</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0" title="核黄素">核黃素</a></td> <td>缺乏核黃素會導致維生素B2缺乏症，可能導致出現<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E8%A7%92%E7%82%8E" title="口角炎">口角炎</a>（嘴唇出現裂紋）、對日光的敏感性高、角性唇炎、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8C%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="舌炎（页面不存在）">舌炎</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossitis" class="extiw" title="en:Glossitis">Glossitis</a>）（舌頭發炎）、<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E6%BA%A2%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%AE%E7%82%8E" title="脂溢性皮炎">脂溢性皮炎</a>或假性<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E6%AF%92" title="梅毒">梅毒</a>（特別是影響<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E5%9B%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="陰囊">陰囊</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B0%E5%94%87" title="大陰唇">大陰唇</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E5%94%87%E6%B2%9F" title="鼻唇沟">鼻唇溝</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E7%82%8E" title="咽炎">咽炎</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E5%96%89%E7%97%9B" title="咽喉痛">咽喉痛</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%85%E8%A1%80" title="充血">充血</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD" title="咽">咽</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E8%85%94" title="口腔">口腔</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E8%86%9C" title="黏膜">黏膜</a>水腫。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B8" title="烟酸">烟酸</a></td> <td>缺乏烟酸，隨著色氨酸的缺乏，會導致患上<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%99%E7%9A%AE%E7%97%85" title="糙皮病">糙皮病</a>。症狀包括出現敵對情緒（aggression）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%86%9A%E7%82%8E" title="皮膚炎">皮膚炎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E7%9C%A0" title="失眠">失眠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9B%E5%BC%B1" title="虛弱">虛弱</a>、精神錯亂和<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%B9%E7%80%89" title="腹瀉">腹瀉</a>。在晚期病例中，糙皮病可能導致痴呆和死亡（稱為3(+1)D：皮膚炎、腹瀉、癡呆和死亡）。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%85%B8" title="泛酸">泛酸</a></td> <td>缺乏泛酸會導致患痤瘡和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%AE%E8%86%9A%E6%84%9F%E8%A6%BA%E7%95%B0%E5%B8%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皮膚感覺異常（页面不存在）">皮膚感覺異常</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paresthesia" class="extiw" title="en:Paresthesia">Paresthesia</a>），儘管這種情況並不常見。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%87" title="吡哆醇">吡哆醇</a>（Pyridoxine） 吡哆醛（Pyridoxal） 吡哆胺（Pyridoxamine）</td> <td>缺乏維生素B6會導致類似脂溢性皮炎的爆發、紅眼病，和神經系統症狀（例如<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%AB%E7%97%AB" title="癫痫">腦癇症</a>）。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B4%A0" title="生物素">生物素</a></td> <td>除了美容上的問題外，例如頭髮減少和指甲的生長<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a>，缺乏症通常不會引起成年人出現症狀，但可能會導致嬰兒出現生長障礙及神經系統疾病。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8D%E7%BE%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%85%B6%E7%BC%BA%E4%B9%8F%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多重羧化酶缺乏症（页面不存在）">多重羧化酶缺乏症</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_carboxylase_deficiency" class="extiw" title="en:Multiple carboxylase deficiency">Multiple carboxylase deficiency</a>）是一種先天性代謝錯誤，患者即使從飲食中攝入正常分量的生物素，也會導致生物素缺乏。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="叶酸">葉酸</a></td> <td>缺乏葉酸會導致<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A8%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E6%80%A7%E8%B2%A7%E8%A1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巨細胞性貧血（页面不存在）">巨細胞性貧血</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megaloblastic_anemia" class="extiw" title="en:Megaloblastic anemia">Megaloblastic anemia</a>）及<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8D%8A%E8%83%B1%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="高半胱氨酸">高半胱氨酸</a>的水平升高。缺乏葉酸的孕婦會導致嬰兒先天缺陷。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7%E8%83%BA%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鈷胺素">鈷胺素</a></td> <td>缺乏維生素B12會導致<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A8%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E6%80%A7%E8%B2%A7%E8%A1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巨細胞性貧血（页面不存在）">巨細胞性貧血</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megaloblastic_anemia" class="extiw" title="en:Megaloblastic anemia">Megaloblastic anemia</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E4%B8%99%E4%BA%8C%E9%85%B8" title="甲基丙二酸">甲基丙二酸</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8D%8A%E8%83%B1%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8" title="高半胱氨酸">高半胱氨酸</a>的水平升高、<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E9%82%8A%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E7%97%85%E8%AE%8A" title="周邊神經病變">周邊神經病變</a>、記憶力減退和其他認知缺陷。它最有可能發生於老年人身上，因為腸道的吸收能力會隨著年齡的增長而下降；它亦是自身免疫性疾病<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%B6%E6%80%A7%E8%B4%AB%E8%A1%80" title="恶性贫血">惡性貧血</a>的另一個常見原因。它還可能引起<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%82%E8%BA%81" class="mw-redirect" title="狂躁">狂躁</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%9D%E8%A6%BA%E5%A4%B1%E8%AA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="思覺失調">思覺失調</a>的症狀。在少數極端的情況下，可能導致癱瘓。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="副作用">副作用</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：副作用">编辑</a>]</div> 由於維生素B能夠在尿液中被排走。通常服用大劑量的某些維生素B僅產生短暫的副作用（唯一的例外是<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%87" title="吡哆醇">吡哆醇</a>）。一般的副作用可能包括焦躁不安、噁心及失眠。這些副作用幾乎總是由膳食補充劑而非由飲食引起的。 <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="90">維生素B 編號</th> <th width="170">名稱</th> <th width="170">容許攝入量上限 （UL）</th> <th width="999">有害的影響 </th></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E8%83%BA" title="硫胺">硫胺</a></td> <td>無<a href="#cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh4-29">[29]</a></td> <td>口服攝入並無已知毒性。有報告指出大劑量硫胺注射入靜脈或肌肉會引起<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%95%8F%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="過敏性休克">過敏性休克</a>。然而，那些劑量都是大於人類可以從口服攝入再被身體吸收的份量<a href="#cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh4-29">[29]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0" title="核黄素">核黃素</a></td> <td>無<a href="#cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh5-30">[30]</a></td> <td>根據有限的人類和動物研究，這裡沒有毒性的證據。跟核黃素相關不良反應的唯一證據是來自「<a href="/wiki/In_vitro" title="In vitro">體外</a>」的研究，結果顯示當核黃素暴露於強烈的可見光和紫外線之下時，顯示了<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%A7%E7%B1%BB" title="活性氧类">活性氧類</a>的產生（<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%9F%BA" title="自由基">自由基</a>）<a href="#cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh5-30">[30]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B8" title="烟酸">烟酸</a></td> <td>美國的UL：35mg（膳食補充劑）</td> <td>每天攝入3,000毫克的煙酰胺和每天攝入1,500毫克的烟酸會出現跟噁心、嘔吐、肝毒性的病癥與症狀有關的狀況。其他影響可能包括葡萄糖不耐症和（可逆的）眼部影響。另外，烟酸的形式可能會引起血管舒張作用，包括皮膚發紅，常伴有痕癢、刺痛或輕度燒灼感的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E7%B4%85" class="mw-redirect" title="泛紅">泛紅</a>，也常伴有痕癢、頭痛並增加顱內血流量，並偶爾伴有疼痛<a href="#cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh6-31">[31]</a>。執業醫生建議處方每天2,000mg的烟酸以速釋或緩釋形式降低血漿的甘油三酸酯（triglycerides）和低密度的脂蛋白膽固醇（lipoprotein cholesterol）<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%85%B8" title="泛酸">泛酸</a></td> <td>無</td> <td>無已知毒性。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%87" title="吡哆醇">吡哆醇</a>（Pyridoxine） 吡哆醛（Pyridoxal） 吡哆胺（Pyridoxamine）</td> <td>美國的UL：每天100mg 歐盟的UL：每天25mg</td> <td>詳見<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B6" title="维生素B6">維生素B6</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B4%A0" title="生物素">生物素</a></td> <td>無</td> <td>無已知毒性。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="叶酸">葉酸</a></td> <td>每天1mg<a href="#cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh8-33">[33]</a></td> <td>掩蓋維生素B12的缺乏症，可能導致永久性神經損害。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7%E8%83%BA%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鈷胺素">鈷胺素</a></td> <td>未建立<a href="#cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh9-34">[34]</a></td> <td>皮膚和脊柱病變。痤瘡般的皮疹（因果關係並未能最終成立）<a href="#cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh9-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a>。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="發現者">發現者</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：發現者">编辑</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>維他命編號</th> <th>名稱</th> <th>發現年份</th> <th>發現者</th> <th>說明 </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">維生素B1</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E8%83%BA" title="硫胺">硫胺</a>（Thiamine）</td> <td>1910年</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B4%E6%9C%A8%E6%A2%85%E5%A4%AA%E9%83%8E" title="鈴木梅太郎">鈴木梅太郎</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B4%E6%9C%A8%E6%A2%85%E5%A4%AA%E9%83%8E" title="鈴木梅太郎">鈴木梅太郎</a>發現硫胺素，但未能獲得公眾的注意； 後來，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%A5%BF%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%E5%85%8B" title="卡西米尔·冯克">卡西米爾·芬克</a>於1912年發現了硫胺素。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1912年</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%A5%BF%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%E5%85%8B" title="卡西米尔·冯克">卡西米爾·芬克</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">維生素B2</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0" title="核黄素">核黃素</a>（Riboflavin）</td> <td>1912年</td> <td>史密夫（D.T. Smith）和亨德里克（E.G. Hendrick）</td> <td rowspan="2">史密夫和亨德里克於1912年發現核黃素。 後來，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬克斯·提斯勒（页面不存在）">馬克斯·提斯勒</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Tishler" class="extiw" title="en:Max Tishler">Max Tishler</a>）於1926年發明了合成它的方法。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1926年</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬克斯·提斯勒（页面不存在）">馬克斯·提斯勒</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Tishler" class="extiw" title="en:Max Tishler">Max Tishler</a>） </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B8" title="烟酸">烟酸</a>（Niacin／nicotinic acid）</td> <td>1937年</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%AD%E8%B5%AB%E5%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="康拉德·埃爾維赫姆（页面不存在）">康拉德·埃爾維赫姆</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_Elvehjem" class="extiw" title="en:Conrad Elvehjem">Conrad Elvehjem</a>）</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%85%B8" title="泛酸">泛酸</a>（Pantothenic acid）</td> <td>1933年</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%82%91%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="羅傑·威廉斯">羅傑·威廉斯</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B6" title="维生素B6">維生素B6</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%87" title="吡哆醇">吡哆醇</a>（Pyridoxine） <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%9B" title="吡哆醛">吡哆醛</a>（Pyridoxal） <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E8%83%BA" title="吡哆胺">吡哆胺</a>（Pyridoxamine）</td> <td>1934年</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E6%8D%B7%E7%88%BE%E5%90%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="保羅·捷爾吉（页面不存在）">保羅·捷爾吉</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Gyorgy" class="extiw" title="en:Paul Gyorgy">Paul Gyorgy</a>）</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B4%A0" title="生物素">生物素</a>（Biotin）</td> <td colspan="3">1900年代初期由多個獨立小組進行研究；發現歸功於瑪格麗特·艾薇兒·博阿斯（Margaret Averil Boas）在1927年的研究<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a>、保羅·捷爾吉於1939年作為維他命H<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a>，和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%AA%E6%81%A9%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迪恩·伯克（页面不存在）">迪恩·伯克</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean_Burk" class="extiw" title="en:Dean Burk">Dean Burk</a>）的研究<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="叶酸">葉酸</a>（Folate）</td> <td>1933年</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9C%B2%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="露西·威爾斯（页面不存在）">露西·威爾斯</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucy_Wills" class="extiw" title="en:Lucy Wills">Lucy Wills</a>）</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B12" class="mw-redirect" title="維生素B12">維生素B12</a></td> <td>各種<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7%E8%83%BA%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鈷胺素">鈷胺素</a>（cobalamins） 常見於維他命補充劑中的—<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E9%92%B4%E8%83%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="氰钴胺">氰钴胺</a>或<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E9%88%B7%E8%83%BA%E7%B4%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="甲基鈷胺素（页面不存在）">甲基鈷胺素</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylcobalamin" class="extiw" title="en:Methylcobalamin">Methylcobalamin</a>）</td> <td colspan="3">多年來有五人因直接和間接研究<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B12#歷史" class="mw-redirect" title="維生素B12">維生素B12</a>而獲得<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="諾貝爾獎">諾貝爾獎</a>，分別為：喬治·惠普爾（George Whipple）、喬治·米諾（George Minot）、亞歷山大·托德（Alexander R.Todd）（1957年）和多樂菲·霍奇金（Dorothy Hodgkin）（1964年）。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="其他維生素B">其他維生素B</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：其他維生素B">编辑</a>]</div> 以下許多物質被稱為維他命，因為它們曾經被認為是維他命。雖然它們不再被這麽認為，並且把數字分配給它們以填補上述維生素B的「缺口」（例如缺乏了維生素B4）。雖然其中一些維他命並非人類所必需的，然而在其他生物的飲食中是必不可少的；其他的則沒有已知的營養價值，甚至在某些情況下可能具毒性。 <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>維他命編號 </th> <th>化學名稱 </th> <th>說明 </th></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%BA%E5%98%8C%E5%91%A4" title="腺嘌呤">腺嘌呤</a> </td> <td>它可以參考不同的化學物質，如：<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%86%E7%A2%B1" title="胆碱">膽鹼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%BA%E5%98%8C%E5%91%A4" title="腺嘌呤">腺嘌呤</a>、或<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E7%A2%B1" title="肉碱">肉鹼</a><a href="#cite_note-Navarra2004-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-LundbladMacdonald2010-40">[40]</a>。 膽鹼能夠由人體<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="生物合成">生物合成</a>，但不足以維持良好的健康，現在它被認為是必需的飲食營養素<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a>。 腺嘌呤是人體合成的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%B9%BC%E5%9F%BA" title="核鹼基">核鹼基</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a>。肉鹼是某些蠕蟲的必需飲食營養，但對人類卻不是<a href="#cite_note-Bender2009-43">[43]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%BA%E5%98%8C%E5%91%A4%E6%A0%B8%E8%8B%B7%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="腺嘌呤核苷酸">腺嘌呤核苷酸</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E8%85%BA%E8%8B%B7" title="單磷酸腺苷">單磷酸腺苷</a>（AMP），也稱為腺苷酸（adenylic acid）<a href="#cite_note-BerdanierDwyer2007-44">[44]</a>。维生素B8也可以指為<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%8C%E9%86%87" title="肌醇">肌醇</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E8%8B%AF%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B8" title="对氨基苯甲酸">對氨基苯甲酸</a>（pABA 或 PABA） </td> <td>那是一種由植物和細菌產生葉酸分子的化學成分，並可在許多食物中找到<a href="#cite_note-webmdb10-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-capozzi2012-47">[47]</a>。 隨著它是眾所周知應用於皮膚作為阻擋<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="紫外線">紫外線</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B2%E6%9B%AC%E6%B2%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="防曬油">防曬霜</a>，並且有時會基於某些醫療狀況而口服<a href="#cite_note-webmdb10-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-medline-paba-48">[48]</a>。 某些來源錯誤的指它為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="叶酸">葉酸</a>，其實際為葉酸的組成部分之一<a href="#cite_note-webmdb10-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-capozzi2012-47">[47]</a>。曾被稱為「維他命R」。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B11 </td> <td>PHGA穀氨酸（pteryl-hepta-glutamic acid） </td> <td>又稱為雛雞生長因子，維生素Bc結合物還被發現與PHGA相同；也被稱為「維他命S」。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E6%B8%85%E9%85%B8" title="乳清酸">乳清酸</a> </td> <td>它又稱為嘧啶酸，是嘧啶生合成的中間物之一<a href="#cite_note-herbert1995-49">[49]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B14 </td> <td> </td> <td>細胞增殖劑、抗<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A7%E8%A1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="貧血">貧血</a>藥、大鼠生長因子，以及抗腫瘤蝶呤磷酸酯（antitumor pterin phosphate）。 由諾里斯伯爵（Earl R. Norris）命名，它最初從人體的尿液中分離出來，濃度為0.33ppm（後來在血液中）。 這後來由於進一步的證據未能證實這一點而被他拋棄，他還聲稱這不是<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%84%E8%9D%B6%E5%91%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黄蝶呤（页面不存在）">黄蝶呤</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthopterin" class="extiw" title="en:Xanthopterin">Xanthopterin</a>）。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%85%8D%E5%AD%90%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="泛配子酸">泛配子酸</a><a href="#cite_note-herbert1995-49">[49]</a> </td> <td>又稱為「潘氨酸（pangamate）」。它以各種形式推廣為膳食補充劑和藥物； 它被<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E8%97%A5%E5%93%81%E7%9B%A3%E7%9D%A3%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="美國食品藥品監督管理局">美國食品藥品監督管理局</a>（FDA）認為不安全並且有可能引起癲癇發作<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B16 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E7%94%98%E8%83%BA%E9%85%B8" title="二甲基甘胺酸">二甲基甘胺酸</a>（DMG）<a href="#cite_note-Velisek2013-398-51">[51]</a> </td> <td>它是由人體中的膽鹼合成。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B17 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A6%E6%9D%8F%E4%BB%81%E8%8B%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="苦杏仁苷">苦杏仁苷</a> </td> <td>有毒化合物<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%81%E6%A1%83%E8%8B%B7" title="扁桃苷">扁桃苷</a>的偽科學名稱，儘管它是單一化合物，但同樣具有「苦杏仁苷單水合物（nitrilosides）」的偽科學名稱。 扁桃苷可以在多種植物中找到，但最常見的是從杏核和其他類似的果核中提取。 苦杏仁苷單水合物能夠被各種腸道酶水解，形成氰化氫（hydrogen cyanide），當暴露於足夠高的劑量下，氰化氫對人類來說是具毒性的。 儘管它具有毒性及嚴重缺乏科學依據，一些擁護者聲稱苦杏仁苷具有效治療及預防癌症的功效<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a>。 人工合成較簡單的化學物稱為左旋苦杏仁腈（Laetrile）。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B20 </td> <td>左旋<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E7%A2%B1" title="肉碱">肉鹼</a>（L-carnitine）<a href="#cite_note-Velisek2013-398-51">[51]</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B21 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素B22 </td> <td> </td> <td>被稱為是<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%86%E8%96%88" title="蘆薈">蘆薈</a>提取物中的一種成分。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素Bc </td> <td> </td> <td>維生素B9的別稱。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素Bf </td> <td>肉鹼<a href="#cite_note-BerdanierDwyer2007-44">[44]</a>。 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素Bh </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%8C%E9%86%87" title="肌醇">肌醇</a> </td> <td>環己六醇的別稱。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素Bm </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%8C%E9%86%87" title="肌醇">肌醇</a> </td> <td>又稱為「小鼠抗絕症因子（mouse antialopaecia factor）」<a href="#cite_note-Velisek2013-53">[53]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素Bp </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%8C%E9%86%87" title="肌醇">肌醇</a> </td> <td>又稱為「抗滲透因子（antiperosis factor）」，能夠預防小雞腿部疾病的畸形<a href="#cite_note-Velisek2013-53">[53]</a>。 它可以替換為膽鹼和錳鹽。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素Bt </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E7%BE%9F%E5%9F%BA%E4%B8%81%E9%86%AF%E7%94%9C%E8%8F%9C%E7%A2%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="三甲基羟基丁醯甜菜碱（页面不存在）">三甲基羟基丁醯甜菜碱</a> </td> <td>肉鹼的別稱<a href="#cite_note-CarterBhattacharyya1952-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bender2009-43">[43]</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素Bv </td> <td> </td> <td>除了吡哆醇（pyridoxine）以外，維生素B6的一種。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素Bw </td> <td> </td> <td>除了d-<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B4%A0" title="生物素">生物素</a>以外的一種生物素。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>維生素Bx </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E8%8B%AF%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B8" title="对氨基苯甲酸">对氨基苯甲酸</a> </td> <td>pABA（請參見維生素B10），以及泛酸（pantothenic acid）的替代名稱<a href="#cite_note-Bender2009-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-medline-paba-48">[48]</a>。 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="食物来源">食物来源</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：食物来源">编辑</a>]</div> 维生素B群的食物来源比较相近，主要有<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B5%E6%AF%8D" title="酵母">酵母</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="穀物">穀物</a>（僅限未加工之非精製米、全麥製品，因為麸糠種皮才含有大量的维生素B群）、动物<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E8%84%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="肝脏">肝脏</a>等，飲用牛奶、乳酪也可以獲得，並能夠從腸道菌中取得。 <ul><li>B1：多存在於全穀類食物如糙米、燕麥、玉米、蛋黄等及瘦肉中。<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a></li></ul> <ul><li>B2：牛奶、奶蛋製品、肝臟、蛤蠣和深綠色蔬菜皆有豐富含量。</li> <li>B3：雞肉、火雞肉、牛肉、鮭魚、糙米、全麥麵包、花生中含量較多。<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></li> <li>B5：雞肉、牛肉、燕麥、糙米、蘑菇、花椰菜、蛋黃、牛奶中。</li></ul> <ul><li>B6：瘦肉、肝臟、甘藍菜、蛋豆類、小麥胚芽、燕麥及花生等堅果類。</li></ul> <ul><li>B12：存在於動物性食物如牛豬雞肉、蛤蠣、魚類、奶蛋及其製品。 <a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献">参考文献</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：参考文献">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mlp-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mlp_1-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mlp_1-1">1.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mlp_1-2">1.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mlp_1-3">1.3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mlp_1-4">1.4</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medlineplus.gov/bvitamins.html#summary">B vitamins</a>. 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University of Bristol. 2002 [16 September 2012]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224003623/http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2002/schnepp/pantothenic.html">存档</a>于2021-02-24） –通过bris.ac.uk.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.aufirst=Zoe&rft.aulast=Schnepp&rft.btitle=Pantothenic+Acid&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+Bristol&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chm.bris.ac.uk%2Fwebprojects2002%2Fschnepp%2Fpantothenic.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Better&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Better（页面不存在）">Template:Better</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Gropper, S; Smith, J. Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. 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University of Bristol. 2002 [17 September 2012]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224134035/http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2002/schnepp/biotin.html">存档</a>于2021-02-24） –通过bris.ac.uk.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.aufirst=Zoe&rft.aulast=Schnepp&rft.btitle=Biotin&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+Bristol&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chm.bris.ac.uk%2Fwebprojects2002%2Fschnepp%2Fbiotin.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Better&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Better（页面不存在）">Template:Better</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <cite class="citation book">National Academy of Sciences. Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board (编). Chapter 8 - Folate. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin and Choline. 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[2020-05-02]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210419233708/https://www.healthline.com/health/biotin-hair-growth">存档</a>于2021-04-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.btitle=Biotin+for+Hair+Growth%3A+Does+It+Work%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.healthline.com%2Fhealth%2Fbiotin-hair-growth&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh4-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh4_29-0">29.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh4_29-1">29.1</a> <cite class="citation book">National Academy of Sciences. Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/DRI//DRI_Thiamin/58-86_150.pdf">Chapter 4 - Thiamin</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090618030738/http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=4&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342&level3_id=5141&level4_id=10589">Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline</a>. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. 1998: 58–86 [2009-06-17]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-309-06411-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-309-06411-8">ISBN 978-0-309-06411-8</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=4&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342&level3_id=5141&level4_id=10589">原始内容</a>存档于18 June 2009）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=Chapter+4+-+Thiamin&rft.au=National+Academy+of+Sciences.+Institute+of+Medicine.+Food+and+Nutrition+Board.&rft.btitle=Dietary+Reference+Intakes+for+Thiamin%2C+Riboflavin%2C+Niacin%2C+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E6%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+Folate%2C+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E12%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+Pantothenic+Acid%2C+Biotin%2C+and+Choline&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-309-06411-8&rft.pages=58-86&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Academy+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nal.usda.gov%2Ffnic%2FDRI%2F%2FDRI_Thiamin%2F58-86_150.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh5-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh5_30-0">30.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh5_30-1">30.1</a> <cite class="citation book">National Academy of Sciences. Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/DRI//DRI_Thiamin/87-122_150.pdf">Chapter 5 - Riboflavin</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090618030738/http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=4&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342&level3_id=5141&level4_id=10589">Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline</a>. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. 1998: 87–122 [2009-06-17]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-309-06411-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-309-06411-8">ISBN 978-0-309-06411-8</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=4&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342&level3_id=5141&level4_id=10589">原始内容</a>存档于18 June 2009）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=Chapter+5+-+Riboflavin&rft.au=National+Academy+of+Sciences.+Institute+of+Medicine.+Food+and+Nutrition+Board.&rft.btitle=Dietary+Reference+Intakes+for+Thiamine%2C+Riboflavin%2C+Niacin%2C+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E6%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+Folate%2C+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E12%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+Pantothenic+Acid%2C+Biotin%2C+and+Choline&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-309-06411-8&rft.pages=87-122&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Academy+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nal.usda.gov%2Ffnic%2FDRI%2F%2FDRI_Thiamin%2F87-122_150.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh6-31"><a href="#cite_ref-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh6_31-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">National Academy of Sciences. Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/DRI//DRI_Thiamin/123-149_150.pdf">Chapter 6 - Niacin</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090618030738/http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=4&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342&level3_id=5141&level4_id=10589">Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline</a>. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. 1998: 123–149 [2009-06-17]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-309-06411-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-309-06411-8">ISBN 978-0-309-06411-8</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=4&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342&level3_id=5141&level4_id=10589">原始内容</a>存档于18 June 2009）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=Chapter+6+-+Niacin&rft.au=National+Academy+of+Sciences.+Institute+of+Medicine.+Food+and+Nutrition+Board.&rft.btitle=Dietary+Reference+Intakes+for+Thiamine%2C+Riboflavin%2C+Niacin%2C+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E6%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+Folate%2C+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E12%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+Pantothenic+Acid%2C+Biotin%2C+and+Choline&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-309-06411-8&rft.pages=123-149&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Academy+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nal.usda.gov%2Ffnic%2FDRI%2F%2FDRI_Thiamin%2F123-149_150.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rxabbott.com/pdf/niaspan.pdf">Niaspan</a> (PDF). www.rxabbott.com. [2020-05-02]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120608061532/http://www.rxabbott.com/pdf/niaspan.pdf">存档</a> (PDF)于2012-06-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=Niaspan&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rxabbott.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rxabbott.com%2Fpdf%2Fniaspan.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh8-33"><a href="#cite_ref-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh8_33-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">National Academy of Sciences. Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/DRI//DRI_Thiamin/196-305_150.pdf">Chapter 8 - Folate</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090618030738/http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=4&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342&level3_id=5141&level4_id=10589">Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline</a>. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. 1998: 196–305 [2009-06-17]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-309-06411-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-309-06411-8">ISBN 978-0-309-06411-8</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=4&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342&level3_id=5141&level4_id=10589">原始内容</a>存档于18 June 2009）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=Chapter+8+-+Folate&rft.au=National+Academy+of+Sciences.+Institute+of+Medicine.+Food+and+Nutrition+Board.&rft.btitle=Dietary+Reference+Intakes+for+Thiamine%2C+Riboflavin%2C+Niacin%2C+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E6%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+Folate%2C+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E12%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+Pantothenic+Acid%2C+Biotin%2C+and+Choline&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-309-06411-8&rft.pages=196-305&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Academy+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nal.usda.gov%2Ffnic%2FDRI%2F%2FDRI_Thiamin%2F196-305_150.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh9-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh9_34-0">34.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DietaryReferenceIntakesCh9_34-1">34.1</a> <cite class="citation book">National Academy of Sciences. Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/DRI//DRI_Thiamin/306-356_150.pdf">Chapter 9 - Vitamin B12</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101011003825/http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=4&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342&level3_id=5141&level4_id=10589">Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline</a>. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. 1998: 346 [2010-09-23]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-309-06411-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-309-06411-8">ISBN 978-0-309-06411-8</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=4&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1342&level3_id=5141&level4_id=10589">原始内容</a>存档于11 October 2010）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=Chapter+9+-+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E12%3C%2Fsub%3E&rft.au=National+Academy+of+Sciences.+Institute+of+Medicine.+Food+and+Nutrition+Board.&rft.btitle=Dietary+Reference+Intakes+for+Thiamine%2C+Riboflavin%2C+Niacin%2C+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E6%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+Folate%2C+Vitamin+B%3Csub%3E12%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+Pantothenic+Acid%2C+Biotin%2C+and+Choline&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-309-06411-8&rft.pages=346&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Academy+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nal.usda.gov%2Ffnic%2FDRI%2F%2FDRI_Thiamin%2F306-356_150.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Dupré A, Albarel N, Bonafe JL, Christol B, Lassere J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_cutis_1979-08_24_2/page/210">Vitamin B-12 induced acnes</a>. Cutis. August 1979, 24 (2): 210–1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/157854">PMID 157854</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=Vitamin+B-12+induced+acnes&rft.au=Albarel%2C+N&rft.au=Bonafe%2C+JL&rft.au=Christol%2C+B&rft.au=Lassere%2C+J&rft.aufirst=A&rft.aulast=Dupr%C3%A9&rft.date=1979-08&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Cutis&rft.pages=210-1&rft.volume=24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_cutis_1979-08_24_2%2Fpage%2F210&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F157854&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Biotin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dietaryreference0000unse_n1u4">Dietary Reference Intakes: Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline</a>. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 1998: 374–389.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=Biotin&rft.au=Food+and+Nutrition+Board%2C+Institute+of+Medicine&rft.btitle=Dietary+Reference+Intakes%3A+Thiamin%2C+Riboflavin%2C+Niacin%2C+Vitamin+B6%2C+Vitamin+B12%2C+Pantothenic+Acid%2C+Biotin%2C+and+Choline&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.pages=374-389&rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&rft.pub=National+Academy+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdietaryreference0000unse_n1u4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Gyorgy P. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_1939-12_131_2/page/733">The Curative Factor (vitamin H) for Egg White Injury, with Particular Reference to Its Presence in Different Foodstuffs and in Yeast</a>. Journal of Biological Chemistry. December 1939, 131: 733–744.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=The+Curative+Factor+%28vitamin+H%29+for+Egg+White+Injury%2C+with+Particular+Reference+to+Its+Presence+in+Different+Foodstuffs+and+in+Yeast&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.aulast=Gyorgy&rft.date=1939-12&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Chemistry&rft.pages=733-744&rft.volume=131&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_1939-12_131_2%2Fpage%2F733&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1988/10/10/obituaries/dean-burk-84-chemist-for-cancer-institute.html">Dean Burk, 84, Chemist for Cancer Institute</a>. The New York Times. Associated Press. October 10, 1988: B8 [2020-05-04]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191223181057/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/10/10/obituaries/dean-burk-84-chemist-for-cancer-institute.html">存档</a>于2019-12-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=Dean+Burk%2C+84%2C+Chemist+for+Cancer+Institute&rft.date=1988-10-10&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.pages=B8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1988%2F10%2F10%2Fobituaries%2Fdean-burk-84-chemist-for-cancer-institute.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Navarra2004-39"><a href="#cite_ref-Navarra2004_39-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Navarra T. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=upI55jwytpQC&pg=PA155">The Encyclopedia of Vitamins, Minerals, and Supplements</a>. Infobase Publishing. 1 January 2004: 155 [2020-05-04]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-4381-2103-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-4381-2103-1">ISBN 978-1-4381-2103-1</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414112617/https://books.google.com/books?id=upI55jwytpQC&pg=PA155">存档</a>于2021-04-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.aufirst=Tova&rft.aulast=Navarra&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Vitamins%2C+Minerals%2C+and+Supplements&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4381-2103-1&rft.pages=155&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DupI55jwytpQC%26pg%3DPA155&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-LundbladMacdonald2010-40"><a href="#cite_ref-LundbladMacdonald2010_40-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Lundblad RL, Macdonald F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fd2rChVCwwwC&pg=PA251">Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</a> Fourth. CRC Press. 30 July 2010: 251– [2020-05-04]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-4200-0869-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-4200-0869-2">ISBN 978-1-4200-0869-2</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414112612/https://books.google.com/books?id=fd2rChVCwwwC&pg=PA251">存档</a>于2021-04-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.au=Macdonald%2C+Fiona&rft.aufirst=Roger+L.&rft.aulast=Lundblad&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Biochemistry+and+Molecular+Biology&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft.edition=Fourth&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4200-0869-2&rft.pages=251-&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dfd2rChVCwwwC%26pg%3DPA251&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Zeisel SH, da Costa KA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_nutrition-reviews_2009-11_67_11/page/615">Choline: an essential nutrient for public health</a>. Nutrition Reviews. November 2009, 67 (11): 615–23. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2782876">PMC 2782876</a> <img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19906248">PMID 19906248</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1753-4887.2009.00246.x">doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00246.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=Choline%3A+an+essential+nutrient+for+public+health&rft.au=da+Costa%2C+KA&rft.aufirst=SH&rft.aulast=Zeisel&rft.date=2009-11&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=11&rft.jtitle=Nutrition+Reviews&rft.pages=615-23&rft.volume=67&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2782876&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_nutrition-reviews_2009-11_67_11%2Fpage%2F615&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1753-4887.2009.00246.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19906248&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Reader V. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_biochemical-journal_1930_24_6/page/1827">The assay of vitamin B(4)</a>. The Biochemical Journal. 1930, 24 (6): 1827–31. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1254803">PMC 1254803</a> <img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16744538">PMID 16744538</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1042%2Fbj0241827">doi:10.1042/bj0241827</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.atitle=The+assay+of+vitamin+B%284%29&rft.aufirst=V&rft.aulast=Reader&rft.date=1930&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6&rft.jtitle=The+Biochemical+Journal&rft.pages=1827-31&rft.volume=24&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1254803&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_biochemical-journal_1930_24_6%2Fpage%2F1827&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1042%2Fbj0241827&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16744538&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Bender2009-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bender2009_43-0">43.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bender2009_43-1">43.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bender2009_43-2">43.2</a> <cite class="citation book">Bender DA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryoffood00bend">A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition</a><img alt="需要免费注册" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. Oxford University Press. 29 January 2009: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryoffood00bend/page/521">521</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-19-157975-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-19-157975-2">ISBN 978-0-19-157975-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.aufirst=David+A.&rft.aulast=Bender&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Food+and+Nutrition&rft.date=2009-01-29&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-19-157975-2&rft.pages=521&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryoffood00bend&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  含有內容需登入查看的頁面 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9%E9%9C%80%E7%99%BB%E5%85%A5%E6%9F%A5%E7%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有內容需登入查看的頁面">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-BerdanierDwyer2007-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BerdanierDwyer2007_44-0">44.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BerdanierDwyer2007_44-1">44.1</a> <cite class="citation book">Berdanier CD, Dwyer JT, Feldman EB. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PJpieIePsmUC&pg=PA117">Handbook of Nutrition and Food</a> Second. 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[2017-05-01]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190612184342/http://www.commonhealth.com.tw/article/article.action?nid=65609&page=3">存档</a>于2019-06-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.commonhealth.com.tw%2Farticle%2Farticle.action%3Fnid%3D65609%26page%3D3&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="Template:维生素"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="Template talk:维生素"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:维生素"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="维生素（ATC代码：A11）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="维生素">维生素</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%B2%BB%E7%96%97%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%8A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="解剖学治疗学及化学分类系统">ATC代码</a>：<a href="/wiki/ATC%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81_(A11)" title="ATC代码 (A11)">A11</a>）</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">脂溶性</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0A" title="維生素A">A</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CE%91-%E8%83%A1%E8%90%9D%E5%8D%9C%E7%B4%A0" title="Α-胡萝卜素">α-胡萝卜素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%92-%E8%83%A1%E8%90%9D%E5%8D%9C%E7%B4%A0" title="Β-胡萝卜素">β-胡萝卜素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E9%BB%84%E9%86%87" title="视黄醇">视黄醇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4A%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="维A酸">维A酸</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0D" title="维生素D">D</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>D2 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%A7%92%E5%9B%BA%E9%86%87" title="麦角固醇">麦角固醇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E8%A7%92%E9%92%99%E5%8C%96%E9%86%87" title="麦角钙化醇">钙化固醇</a></li></ul></li> <li>D3 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7-%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A2%E8%83%86%E5%9B%BA%E9%86%87" title="7-脱氢胆固醇">7-脱氢胆固醇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0D3" title="前维生素D3">前维生素D3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%86%E9%92%99%E5%8C%96%E9%86%87" title="胆钙化醇">胆钙化醇</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=25-%E7%BE%9F%E8%83%86%E9%AA%A8%E5%8C%96%E9%86%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="25-羟胆骨化醇（页面不存在）">25-羟胆骨化醇</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcifedioll" class="extiw" title="en:Calcifedioll">Calcifedioll</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%89%E9%86%87" title="骨化三醇">骨化三醇（1,25-二羟胆钙化醇）</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0D3-23%E7%BE%A7%E9%85%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="维生素D3-23羧酸（页面不存在）">维生素D3-23羧酸</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcitroic_acid" class="extiw" title="en:Calcitroic acid">Calcitroic acid</a>）</li></ul></li> <li>D4 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8C%E6%B0%A2%E9%BA%A6%E8%A7%92%E9%92%99%E5%8C%96%E9%86%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="双氢麦角钙化醇（页面不存在）">双氢麦角钙化醇</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/22-Dihydroergocalciferol" class="extiw" title="en:22-Dihydroergocalciferol">22-Dihydroergocalciferol</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0D5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="维生素D5（页面不存在）">D5</a></li> <li>D类似物 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A2%E9%80%9F%E7%95%99%E9%86%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二氢速留醇（页面不存在）">二氢速留醇</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydrotachysterol" class="extiw" title="en:Dihydrotachysterol">Dihydrotachysterol</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99%E6%B3%8A%E4%B8%89%E9%86%87" title="钙泊三醇">钙泊三醇</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%96%E5%8D%A1%E8%A5%BF%E9%86%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="他卡西醇（页面不存在）">他卡西醇</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%95%E7%AB%8B%E9%AA%A8%E5%8C%96%E9%86%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="帕立骨化醇（页面不存在）">帕立骨化醇</a>）</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0E" title="维生素E">E</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E9%85%9A" title="生育酚">生育酚</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%91-%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E9%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Α-生育酚（页面不存在）">α</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Tocopherol" class="extiw" title="en:Alpha-Tocopherol">Alpha-Tocopherol</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%92-%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E9%85%9A" title="Β-生育酚">β</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%93-%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E9%85%9A" title="Γ-生育酚">γ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%94-%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E9%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Δ-生育酚（页面不存在）">δ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E4%B8%89%E7%83%AF%E9%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生育三烯酚（页面不存在）">生育三烯酚</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tocotrienol" class="extiw" title="en:Tocotrienol">Tocotrienol</a>） <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%91-%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E4%B8%89%E7%83%AF%E9%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Α-生育三烯酚（页面不存在）">α</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%92-%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E4%B8%89%E7%83%AF%E9%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Β-生育三烯酚（页面不存在）">β</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%93-%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E4%B8%89%E7%83%AF%E9%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Γ-生育三烯酚（页面不存在）">γ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%94-%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E4%B8%89%E7%83%AF%E9%85%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Δ-生育三烯酚（页面不存在）">δ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%98%E5%8F%AF%E7%B4%A2%E4%BB%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="托可索仑（页面不存在）">托可索仑</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0K" title="维生素K">K</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%98%E9%86%8C" title="萘醌">萘醌</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E7%BB%BF%E5%9F%BA%E7%94%B2%E8%90%98%E9%86%8C" title="叶绿基甲萘醌">叶绿醌（K1）</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%83%AF%E7%94%B2%E8%90%98%E9%86%8C" title="四烯甲萘醌">四烯甲萘醌（K2）</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E8%90%98%E9%86%8C" title="甲萘醌">甲萘醌（K3）</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0K4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="维生素K4（页面不存在）">维生素K4</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E8%90%98%E6%B0%A2%E9%86%8C" title="甲萘氢醌">甲萘氢醌‎</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B8%E7%94%B2%E8%90%98%E6%B0%A2%E9%86%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二乙酸甲萘氢醌（页面不存在）">二乙酸甲萘氢醌‎</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%81%E9%85%B8%E7%94%B2%E8%90%98%E6%B0%A2%E9%86%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二丁酸甲萘氢醌（页面不存在）">二丁酸甲萘氢醌‎</a>）</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">水溶性</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>B1（<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E8%83%BA" title="硫胺">硫胺</a>）</li> <li>B2（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0" title="核黄素">核黄素</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B3" title="維生素B3">B3</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B8" title="烟酸">烟酸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%9F%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA" title="烟酰胺">烟酰胺</a>）</li> <li>B5（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%85%B8" title="泛酸">泛酸</a>、右旋<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%9B%E9%86%87" title="泛醇">泛醇</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%9B%E7%A1%AB%E4%B9%99%E8%83%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="泛硫乙胺（页面不存在）">泛硫乙胺</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantethine" class="extiw" title="en:Pantethine">Pantethine</a>））</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B6" title="维生素B6">B6</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%87" title="吡哆醇">吡哆醇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%9B" title="吡哆醛">吡哆醛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E9%86%9B" title="磷酸吡哆醛">磷酸吡哆醛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%93%86%E8%83%BA" title="吡哆胺">吡哆胺</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%A1%E7%A1%AB%E9%86%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吡硫醇（页面不存在）">吡硫醇</a>）</li> <li>B7（<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%B4%A0" title="生物素">生物素</a>）</li> <li>B9（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="叶酸">叶酸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A2%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="二氢叶酸">二氢叶酸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E8%91%89%E9%85%B8" title="亞葉酸">亚叶酸</a>、<a href="/wiki/5,10-%E4%BA%9A%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A2%E5%8F%B6%E9%85%B8" title="5,10-亚甲基四氢叶酸">MTHF</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B12" title="维生素B12">B12</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B12" title="维生素B12">氰钴胺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A5%E9%88%B7%E8%83%BA" title="羥鈷胺">羥鈷胺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B12" title="维生素B12">甲钴胺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0B12" title="维生素B12">腺苷钴胺</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%86%E7%A2%B1" title="胆碱">胆碱</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0C" title="维生素C">C</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0C" title="维生素C">抗坏血酸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%AB%E6%B0%AB%E6%8A%97%E5%A3%9E%E8%A1%80%E9%85%B8" title="脫氫抗壞血酸">脫氫抗壞血酸</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">组合</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="复合维生素">复合维生素</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:transparent;padding:0px;"><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist 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