CINXE.COM

{"title":"Use of Benin Laterites for the Mix Design of Structural Concrete","authors":"Y\u00e9malin D. Agossou, Andr\u00e9 Lecomte, R\u00e9mi Boissiere, Edmond C. Adjovi, Abdelouahab Khelil","volume":190,"journal":"International Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering","pagesStart":278,"pagesEnd":289,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/10012757","abstract":"<p>This paper presents a mixed design trial of structural concretes with laterites from Benin. These materials are often the only granular resources readily available in many tropical regions. In the first step concretes were designed with raw laterites, but the performances obtained were rather disappointing in spite of high cement dosages. A detailed physical characterization of these materials then showed that they contained a significant proportion of fine clays, and that the coarsest fraction (gravel) contained a variety of facies, some of which were not very dense or indurated. Washing these laterites, and even the elimination of the most friable grains of the gravel fraction, made it possible to obtain concretes with satisfactory properties in terms of workability, density and mechanical strength. However, they were found to be slightly less stiff than concretes made with more traditional aggregates. It is therefore possible to obtain structural concretes with only laterites and cement but at the cost of eliminating some of their granular constituents. <\/p>","references":"[1]\tA.K. Kasthurba, M. Santhanam, M.S. Mathews, Investigation of laterite stones for building purpose from Malabar region, Kerala state, SW India \u2013 Part 1: Field studies and profile characterisation, Constr. Build. Mater. 21 (2007) 73\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2005.07.006\r\n[2]\tF.H. Buchanan, A Journey from Madras Through the Countries of Mysore, Canara, and Malabar, Performed Under the Orders of the Most Noble the Marquis Wellesley, Governor General of India..., Cadell, 1807.\r\n[3]\tI. Youssouf, M. Lawani, Les sols beninois : classification dans la Base de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence mondiale, (2002) 29\u201350 (in French). http:\/\/agris.fao.org\/agris-search\/search.do?recordID = XF2016060395 (accessed March 2, 2020).\r\n[4]\tG. Mohamad, P.B. Louren\u00e7o, H.R. Roman, Mechanics of hollow concrete block masonry prisms under compression: Review and prospects, Cem. Concr. Compos. 29 (2007) 181\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2006.11.003.\r\n[5]\tA. Kasthurba, V. Reddy, Use of Laterite as a Sustainable Building Material in Developing Countries, Int. J. Earth Sci. Eng. 07 (2015) 1251\u20131258.\r\n[6]\tA. Lawane, A. Pantet, R. Vinai, J.H. Thomassin, Etude g\u00e9ologique et g\u00e9om\u00e9canique des lat\u00e9rites de Dano (Burkina Faso) pour une utilisation dans l\u2019habitat, XXIXe Rencontres Universitaires de G\u00e9nie Civil. Tlemcen, 29 au 31 Mai 2011. (2011) 206\u2013215 (in French).\r\n[7]\tR.V. Ganse, Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s et applications des lat\u00e9rites au Congo beige, (n.d.) 52 (in French).\r\n[8]\tM. Laquerbe, I. Cisse, G. Ahouansou, Pour une utilisation rationnelle des graveleux lat\u00e9ritiques et des sables de dunes comme granulats \u00e0 b\u00e9ton Application au cas du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, Mater. Struct. 28 (1995) 604\u2013610 (in French).\r\n[9]\tM. Ndiaye, Contribution \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude de sols lat\u00e9ritiques du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal et du Br\u00e9sil, PhD Thesis, Paris Est, 2013 (in French).\r\n[10]\tA. Lawane Gana, Caract\u00e8risation des mat\u00e9riaux lat\u00e9ritiques indur\u00e9s pour une meilleure utilisation dans l\u2019habitat en Afrique, PhD Thesis, Le Havre, 2014 (in French).\r\n[11]\tM.S. Issiakou, Caract\u00e9risation et valorisation des mat\u00e9rieux lat\u00e9ritiques utilis\u00e9s en construction routi\u00e8re au Niger, (n.d.) 350 (in French).\r\n[12]\tH.B. Takala, Caract\u00e9risation g\u00e9otechnique et \u00e9valuation en construction routi\u00e8re des lat\u00e9rites de Batoufam, ouest Cameroun, (n.d.) 16 (in French)\r\n[13]\tN.K. Raju, R. Ramakrishnan, Properties of laterite aggregate concrete, Mater. Constr. 5 (1972) 307\u2013314.\r\n[14]\tL.A. Balogun, D. Adepegba, Effect of varying sand content in laterized concrete, Int. J. Cem. Compos. Lightweight Concr. 4 (1982) 235\u2013240.\r\n[15]\tF. Falade, Influence of water\/cement ratios and mix proportions on workability and characteristic strength of concrete containing laterite fine aggregate, Build. Environ. 29 (1994) 237\u2013240.\r\n[16]\tJ.A. Osunade, The influence of coarse aggregate and reinforcement on the anchorage bond strength of laterized concrete, Build. Environ. 37 (2002) 727\u2013732.\r\n[17]\tJ.O. Ukpata, M.E. Ephraim, Flexural and tensile strength properties of concrete using lateritic sand and quarry dust as fine aggregate, ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci. 7 (2012) 324\u2013331.\r\n[18]\tN.W. Kamaruzaman, K. Muthusamy, Engineering Properties Of Concrete With Laterite Aggregate As Partial Coarse Aggregate Replacement, Int. J. Civ. Eng. Geo-Environ. 3 (2012) 47\u201350.\r\n[19]\tM. Ephraim, E. Adoga, E. Rowland-Lato, Strength of laterite rock concrete, Am. J. Civ. Eng. Archit. 4 (2016) 54\u201361.\r\n[20]\tNF P 94-056, Soil: investigation and testing - Granulometric analysis - Dry sieving method after washing (1996), Afnor, La-Plaine-Saint-Denis.\r\n[21]\tNF P 94-057, Soils investigation and testing - Granulometric analysis - Hydrometer method, Afnor, La-Plaine-Saint-Denis\r\n[22]\tEN 1097-7, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 7: Determination of the particle density of filler - Pyknometer method, Afnor, La-Plaine-Saint-Denis \r\n[23]\tNF EN 1097-6\/A1, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates, - Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption, Afnor, La-Plaine-Saint-Denis\r\n[24]\tF. de Larrard, Concrete Mixture-Proportioning: a scientific approach, Modern Concrete Technology series No. 9, A. Bentur and S. Mindness editors, E & FN SPON (1999), 420 p., ISBN 0-419-23500-0\r\n[25]\tNF EN 1097-2, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 2: Methods for the determination of resistance to fragmentation, Afnor, La-Plaine-Saint-Denis\r\n[26]\tNF EN 933-8+A1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 8: Assessment of fines \u2014 Sand equivalent test, Afnor, La-Plaine-Saint-Denis\r\n[27]\tNF P94-068, Soils: Investigation and testing \u2014 Measuring of the methylene blue adsorption capacity of a rocky soil \u2014 Determination of the methylene blue of a soil by means of the stain test, Afnor, La-Plaine-Saint-Denis\r\n[28]\tC. Hendrix, W. Xing, Suitable separation treatment of stony components in construction and demolition waste (CDW), Proceedings of the International RILEM Conference on the Use of Recycled Materials in Building and Structures, RILEM Publication SARL, 166-172 (2004)\r\n[29]\tEN 197-1, Cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements, Afnor, La-Plaine-Saint-Denis\r\n[30]\tG. Dreux, Nouveau guide Du Beton-3e edition, Collect. UTI-ITBTP. (1981).\r\n[31]\tNF EN 12390-3, Testing hardened concrete - Part 3: Compressive strength of test specimens, La-Plaine-Saint-Denis\r\n[32]\tB. EN, 12390-13, Test. Hardened Concr.-Part. 13 (2013).\r\n[33]\tXP P 18-545 - Aggregates- Defining elements, conformity and coding, (2011), Afnor, La-Plaine-Saint-Denis\r\n[34]\tF. De Larrard, T. Sedran, Mixture-proportioning of high-performance concrete, Cem. Concr. Res. 32 (2002) 1699\u20131704.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 190, 2022"}