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table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">case</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in 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Available in 63 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Norsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://yue.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" title="case – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="case" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/case" 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title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=case&oldid=541016" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=case&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=case&id=541016&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsimple.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2Fcase"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsimple.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2Fcase"><span>Download QR 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mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr" data-mw-parsoid-version="0.21.0.0-alpha15" data-mw-html-version="2.8.0"><section data-mw-section-id="0" id="mwAQ"><div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #FFF; color:#000; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;" about="#mwt1" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwAg" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"BNC1000HW","href":"./Template:BNC1000HW"},"params":{},"i":0}}]}"> <div style="float: left; "><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:BNC_spoken_freq_01HWC" title="Wiktionary:BNC spoken freq 01HWC"><img resource="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:Wiktionary_BNC1.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Wiktionary_BNC1.svg/80px-Wiktionary_BNC1.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="24" data-file-type="drawing" height="60" width="80" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Wiktionary_BNC1.svg/120px-Wiktionary_BNC1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Wiktionary_BNC1.svg/160px-Wiktionary_BNC1.svg.png 2x" class="mw-file-element"></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px; "><i><b>case</b> is one of the <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:BNC_spoken_freq_01HWC" title="Wiktionary:BNC spoken freq 01HWC">1000</a> most common <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/headword" title="headword">headwords</a>.</i> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><i><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/carry" title="carry">carry</a></i> - <b>case</b> - <i><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/cat" title="cat">cat</a></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div><div style="clear:left;" about="#mwt1"></div><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Category:BNC1_headwords" about="#mwt1" id="mwAw"> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" id="mwBA" data-mw="{"autoGenerated":true}"></section><section data-mw-section-id="1" id="mwBQ"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3" id="mwAA"><h3 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwWQ"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwWg">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=case&action=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Pronunciation" id="mwWw"><span id="mwXA">change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwXQ">]</span></span></div> <ul id="mwBg"><li id="mwBw"><a rel="mw:WikiLink/Interwiki" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:IPA%20chart%20for%20English" title="w:en:IPA chart for English" about="#mwt2" typeof="mw:Transclusion" class="extiw" id="mwCA" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"IPA","href":"./Template:IPA"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"/keɪs/"}},"i":0}}]}">IPA</a><span about="#mwt2"> </span><sup about="#mwt2">(<a rel="mw:WikiLink/Interwiki" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:English%20pronunciation" title="en:Appendix:English pronunciation" class="extiw">key</a>)</sup><span about="#mwt2">: </span><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Gentium, GentiumAlt, Arial Unicode MS, Code2000, DejaVu Sans, Segoe UI, Lucida Grande, Charis SIL, Doulos SIL, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Lucida Sans Unicode; font-size: 110%;" about="#mwt2" id="mwCQ">/keɪs/</span></li> <li id="mwCg"><a rel="mw:WikiLink/Interwiki" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:SAMPA%20chart%20for%20English" title="w:en:SAMPA chart for English" about="#mwt3" typeof="mw:Transclusion" class="extiw" id="mwCw" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"SAMPA","href":"./Template:SAMPA"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"/keIs/"}},"i":0}}]}">SAMPA</a><span about="#mwt3">: </span><span style="font-family:monospace;" title="SAMPA pronunciation" about="#mwt3" id="mwDA">/keIs/</span></li> <li id="mwDQ"><span about="#mwt4" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwDg" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"audio","href":"./Template:audio"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"en-us-case.ogg"},"2":{"wt":"US"}},"i":0}}]}"> </span><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: top; display:inline-block; list-style:none;line-height: 1em;" about="#mwt4" id="mwDw"><tbody><tr><td class="unicode audiolink">Audio (US)</td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File" class="mw-default-audio-height" data-mw="{"caption":"noicon"}"><span title="noicon"><audio controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" height="32" width="175" style="width: 175px;" resource="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:en-us-case.ogg" data-durationhint="1" class="mw-file-element"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/En-us-case.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis""><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/En-us-case.ogg/En-us-case.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3"></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 85%;">(<a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:en-us-case.ogg" title="File:en-us-case.ogg">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> </section><section data-mw-section-id="2" id="mwEA"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2" id="mwXg"><h2 id="Noun">Noun</h2><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwXw"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwYA">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=case&action=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Noun" id="mwYQ"><span id="mwYg">change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwYw">]</span></span></div> <table border="0" width="100%" class="inflection-table inflection-noun-case-~-~-~-~-~-~" about="#mwt5" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwEQ" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"noun","href":"./Template:noun"},"params":{},"i":0}}]}"> <tbody><tr> <td bgcolor="#e2e2ff" valign="top" width="49%" style="padding-left:1em;"> <p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/singular" title="singular">Singular</a><br> <b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" class="mw-selflink selflink">case</a></b></p></td> <td width="0.5%"></td> <td bgcolor="#e2e2ff" valign="top" width="49%" style="padding-left:1em;"> <p><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/plural" title="plural">Plural</a><br> <span class="form-of plural-form-of-case"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/cases" title="cases">cases</a></b></span></p></td> <td width="0.5%"></td></tr> </tbody></table><span about="#mwt5"> </span><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Category:Nouns" about="#mwt5" id="mwEg"> <ol id="mwEw"><li id="mwFA">A <b id="mwFQ">case</b> is a container to hold something. <ul class="onyms-collapse onyms-collapse-synonyms" about="#mwt6" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwFg" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"syn","href":"./Template:syn"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"container"}},"i":0}}]}"><li><b>Synonym:</b> <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/container" title="container">container</a></li></ul> <dl id="mwFw"><dd id="mwGA"><i id="mwGQ">He opened the <b id="mwGg">case</b> and pulled out his violin.</i></dd></dl></li> <li id="mwGw"><span about="#mwt7" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwHA" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"law","href":"./Template:law"},"params":{},"i":0}}]}">(</span><i about="#mwt7"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/law" title="law"><span style="color:green;">law</span></a></i><span about="#mwt7">)</span><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Category:Law" about="#mwt7" id="mwHQ"> A <b id="mwHg">case</b> is a matter for <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/police" title="police" id="mwHw">police</a> or in <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/court" title="court" id="mwIA">court</a>. <ul class="onyms-collapse onyms-collapse-synonyms" about="#mwt8" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwIQ" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"syn","href":"./Template:syn"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"matter"},"2":{"wt":"litigation"}},"i":0}}]}"><li><b>Synonyms:</b> <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/matter" title="matter">matter</a> <i>and</i> <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/litigation?action=edit&redlink=1" title="litigation (page does not exist)" class="new" typeof="mw:LocalizedAttrs" data-mw-i18n="{"title":{"lang":"x-page","key":"red-link-title","params":["litigation"]}}">litigation</a></li></ul> <dl id="mwIg"><dd id="mwIw"><i id="mwJA">The judge did not accept his <b id="mwJQ">case</b>.</i></dd></dl></li> <li id="mwJg"><span about="#mwt9" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwJw" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"grammar context","href":"./Template:grammar_context"},"params":{},"i":0}}]}">(</span><i about="#mwt9"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/grammar" title="grammar"><span style="color:green;">grammar</span></a></i><span about="#mwt9">)</span><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Category:Grammar" about="#mwt9" id="mwKA"> A <b id="mwKQ">case</b> is the form of a <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/noun" title="noun" id="mwKg">noun</a> showing how it is used in a <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/sentence" title="sentence" id="mwKw">sentence</a>. <dl id="mwLA"><dd id="mwLQ"><i id="mwLg">The word "he" is in the <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/subject" title="subject" id="mwLw">subject</a> or <a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/nominative?action=edit&redlink=1" title="nominative (page does not exist)" class="new" typeof="mw:LocalizedAttrs" id="mwMA" data-mw-i18n="{"title":{"lang":"x-page","key":"red-link-title","params":["nominative"]}}">nominative</a> <b id="mwMQ">case</b>.</i></dd></dl></li> <li id="mwMg">A <b id="mwMw">case</b> is a person of a certain kind. <dl id="mwNA"><dd id="mwNQ"><i id="mwNg">That man is sure a hard <b id="mwNw">case</b>.</i></dd></dl></li></ol> <section data-mw-section-id="3" id="mwOA"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3" id="mwZA"><h3 id="Related_words">Related words</h3><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwZQ"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwZg">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=case&action=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Related words" id="mwZw"><span id="mwaA">change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwaQ">]</span></span></div> <ul id="mwOQ"><li id="mwOg"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/in_case" title="in case" id="mwOw">in case</a></li> <li id="mwPA"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/case_closed?action=edit&redlink=1" title="case closed (page does not exist)" class="new" typeof="mw:LocalizedAttrs" id="mwPQ" data-mw-i18n="{"title":{"lang":"x-page","key":"red-link-title","params":["case closed"]}}">case closed</a></li> <li id="mwPg"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/casework?action=edit&redlink=1" title="casework (page does not exist)" class="new" typeof="mw:LocalizedAttrs" id="mwPw" data-mw-i18n="{"title":{"lang":"x-page","key":"red-link-title","params":["casework"]}}">casework</a></li> <li id="mwQA"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/closed_case?action=edit&redlink=1" title="closed case (page does not exist)" class="new" typeof="mw:LocalizedAttrs" id="mwQQ" data-mw-i18n="{"title":{"lang":"x-page","key":"red-link-title","params":["closed case"]}}">closed case</a></li> <li id="mwQg"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/cold_case" title="cold case" id="mwQw">cold case</a></li> <li id="mwRA"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/hard_case?action=edit&redlink=1" title="hard case (page does not exist)" class="new" typeof="mw:LocalizedAttrs" id="mwRQ" data-mw-i18n="{"title":{"lang":"x-page","key":"red-link-title","params":["hard case"]}}">hard case</a></li> <li id="mwRg"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/open_case?action=edit&redlink=1" title="open case (page does not exist)" class="new" typeof="mw:LocalizedAttrs" id="mwRw" data-mw-i18n="{"title":{"lang":"x-page","key":"red-link-title","params":["open case"]}}">open case</a></li> <li id="mwSA"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/open_and_shut_case" title="open and shut case" id="mwSQ">open and shut case</a></li></ul> </section></section><section data-mw-section-id="4" id="mwSg"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2" id="mwag"><h2 id="Verb">Verb</h2><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwaw"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwbA">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=case&action=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Verb" id="mwbQ"><span id="mwbg">change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwbw">]</span></span></div> <span about="#mwt10" typeof="mw:Transclusion" id="mwSw" data-mw="{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"verb","href":"./Template:verb"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"cas"},"2":{"wt":"e"}},"i":0}}]}"> </span><table border="0" width="100%" class="inflection-table inflection-verb-cas-e-~-~-~-~-~" about="#mwt10"> <tbody><tr> <td bgcolor="#e2e2ff" valign="top" width="20%" style="padding-left:1em;"> <p>Plain form<br> <b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/case" class="mw-selflink selflink">case</a></b></p></td> <td width="0.5%"></td> <td bgcolor="#e2e2ff" valign="top" width="20%" style="padding-left:1em;"> <p>Third-person singular<br> <span class="form-of third-person_singular-form-of-case"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/cases" title="cases">cases</a></b></span></p></td> <td width="0.5%"></td> <td bgcolor="#e2e2ff" valign="top" width="20%" style="padding-left:1em;"> <p>Past tense<br> <span class="form-of past_tense-form-of-case"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/cased" title="cased">cased</a></b></span></p></td> <td width="0.5%"></td> <td bgcolor="#e2e2ff" valign="top" width="20%" style="padding-left:1em;"> <p>Past participle<br> <span class="form-of past_participle-form-of-case"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/cased" title="cased">cased</a></b></span></p></td> <td width="0.5%"></td> <td bgcolor="#e2e2ff" valign="top" width="20%" style="padding-left:1em;"> <p>Present participle<br> <span class="form-of present_participle-form-of-case"><b><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/casing" title="casing">casing</a></b></span></p></td></tr> </tbody></table><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Category:Verbs" about="#mwt10"><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Category:Regular_verbs" about="#mwt10" id="mwTA"> <ol id="mwTQ"><li id="mwTg">If a police officer <b id="mwTw">cases</b> a house, he or she watches it until something happens. <dl id="mwUA"><dd id="mwUQ"><i id="mwUg">We were <b id="mwUw">casing</b> a house all night in Brooklyn.</i></dd></dl></li></ol> <section data-mw-section-id="5" id="mwVA"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3" id="mwcA"><h3 id="Synonyms">Synonyms</h3><span class="mw-editsection" id="mwcQ"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwcg">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=case&action=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Synonyms" id="mwcw"><span id="mwdA">change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket" id="mwdQ">]</span></span></div> <ul id="mwVQ"><li id="mwVg"><a rel="mw:WikiLink" href="//simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/watch" title="watch" id="mwVw">watch</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Category:Containers" id="mwWA"></section></section>     </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=case&oldid=541016">https://simple.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=case&oldid=541016</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:BNC1_headwords" title="Category:BNC1 headwords">BNC1 headwords</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nouns" title="Category:Nouns">Nouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Law" title="Category:Law">Law</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grammar" title="Category:Grammar">Grammar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Verbs" title="Category:Verbs">Verbs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Regular_verbs" title="Category:Regular verbs">Regular verbs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Containers" title="Category:Containers">Containers</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> 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