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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>New changes</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Show any page [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Show any page</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="The place to get help"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us"><span>Contact us</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" 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<ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=simple.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Give to Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=IP+address" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=IP+address" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=simple.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Give to Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=IP+address" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=IP+address" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about changes from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Registration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Registration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Registration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Registration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Parts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IP_address_composition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IP_address_composition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>IP address composition</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-IP_address_composition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle IP address composition subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-IP_address_composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-IPv4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IPv4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>IPv4</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IPv4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IPv6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IPv6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>IPv6</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IPv6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_and_private_addresses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_and_private_addresses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Public and private addresses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_and_private_addresses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reaching_one_or_more_devices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reaching_one_or_more_devices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Reaching one or more devices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reaching_one_or_more_devices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Obtaining_new_IP_addresses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obtaining_new_IP_addresses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Obtaining new IP addresses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Obtaining_new_IP_addresses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Obtaining new IP addresses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Obtaining_new_IP_addresses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_or_private_addresses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_or_private_addresses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Public or private addresses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_or_private_addresses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_IP_addresses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_IP_addresses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Special IP addresses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_IP_addresses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Network" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Network"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Network</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Network-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Host_part" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Host_part"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Host part</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Host_part-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Static_IP_address" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Static_IP_address"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Static IP address</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Static_IP_address-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dynamic_IP_address" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dynamic_IP_address"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Dynamic IP address</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dynamic_IP_address-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dynamic IP address subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dynamic_IP_address-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-IPv4_subnetting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IPv4_subnetting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>IPv4 subnetting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IPv4_subnetting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IP_Version_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IP_Version_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>IP Version 6</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IP_Version_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DNS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DNS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>DNS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DNS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_versions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_versions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Other versions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_versions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Related pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">IP address</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 114 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-114" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">114 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-adres" title="IP-adres – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="IP-adres" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-Adresse" title="IP-Adresse – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="IP-Adresse" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="عنوان بروتوكول الإنترنت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عنوان بروتوكول الإنترنت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adreza_IP" title="Adreza IP – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Adreza IP" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adr%C3%A8ce_IP" title="Adrèce IP – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Adrèce IP" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B" title="আই পি এড্ৰেছ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="আই পি এড্ৰেছ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Se%C3%B1es_IP" title="Señes IP – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Señes IP" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_%C3%BCnvan%C4%B1" title="IP ünvanı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="IP ünvanı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="آی‌پی آدرسی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آی‌پی آدرسی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="আইপি ঠিকানা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আইপি ঠিকানা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_t%C4%93-ch%C3%AD" title="IP tē-chí – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="IP tē-chí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81" title="IP-адрас – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="IP-адрас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81" title="IP-адрас – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="IP-адрас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="आईपी पता – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="आईपी पता" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81" title="IP адрес – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="IP адрес" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-Adress" title="IP-Adress – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="IP-Adress" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-adresa" title="IP-adresa – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="IP-adresa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chomlec%27h_IP" title="Chomlec'h IP – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Chomlec'h IP" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adre%C3%A7a_IP" title="Adreça IP – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Adreça IP" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_adresa" title="IP adresa – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="IP adresa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyfeiriad_IP" title="Cyfeiriad IP – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cyfeiriad IP" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetadresse" title="Internetadresse – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Internetadresse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-Adresse" title="IP-Adresse – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="IP-Adresse" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-aadress" title="IP-aadress – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="IP-aadress" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%B8%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%85%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Διεύθυνση Διαδικτυακού Πρωτοκόλλου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διεύθυνση Διαδικτυακού Πρωτοκόλλου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="IP address" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direcci%C3%B3n_IP" title="Dirección IP – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dirección IP" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-adreso" title="IP-adreso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="IP-adreso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_helbide" title="IP helbide – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="IP helbide" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="نشانی آی‌پی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نشانی آی‌پی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-adressa" title="IP-adressa – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="IP-adressa" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adresse_IP" title="Adresse IP – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Adresse IP" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seoladh_IP" title="Seoladh IP – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Seoladh IP" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_adresi" title="IP adresi – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="IP adresi" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enderezo_IP" title="Enderezo IP – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Enderezo IP" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_%E0%AA%8F%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B8" title="IP એડ્રેસ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="IP એડ્રેસ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_%EC%A3%BC%EC%86%8C" title="IP 주소 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="IP 주소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B5-%D6%83%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%BD%D6%81%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Այ-փի հասցեներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Այ-փի հասցեներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2" title="इंटरनेट प्रोटोकॉल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इंटरनेट प्रोटोकॉल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_broj" title="IP broj – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="IP broj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adreso_IP" title="Adreso IP – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Adreso IP" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="IP address" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamat_IP" title="Alamat IP – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alamat IP" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adresse_IP" title="Adresse IP – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Adresse IP" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-tala" title="IP-tala – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="IP-tala" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indirizzo_IP" title="Indirizzo IP – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Indirizzo IP" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%91%D7%AA_IP" title="כתובת IP – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כתובת IP" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamat_IP" title="Alamat IP – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Alamat IP" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="IP address" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="IP-მისამართი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="IP-მისამართი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B" title="IP мекенжайы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="IP мекенжайы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adr%C3%A8s_IP" title="Adrès IP – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Adrès IP" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navn%C3%AE%C5%9Fana_IP" title="Navnîşana IP – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Navnîşana IP" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="IP-дарек – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="IP-дарек" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_adrese" title="IP adrese – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="IP adrese" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_adresas" title="IP adresas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="IP adresas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-adres" title="IP-adres – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="IP-adres" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adressa_IP" title="Adressa IP – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Adressa IP" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-c%C3%ADm" title="IP-cím – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="IP-cím" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" title="IP-адреса – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="IP-адреса" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%90.%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF._%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="ഐ.പി. വിലാസം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഐ.പി. വിലാസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nohoanga_kawa_ipurangi" title="Nohoanga kawa ipurangi – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Nohoanga kawa ipurangi" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A3" title="IP-მიოწურაფუ – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="IP-მიოწურაფუ" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamat_IP" title="Alamat IP – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alamat IP" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8C" title="IP адрессь – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="IP адрессь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B3" title="IP хаяг – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="IP хаяг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%95%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%AC" title="အင်တာနက် ပရိုတိုကောလိပ်စာ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အင်တာနက် ပရိုတိုကောလိပ်စာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-adres" title="IP-adres – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="IP-adres" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP%E3%82%A2%E3%83%89%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9" title="IPアドレス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="IPアドレス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81" title="IP-адрес – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="IP-адрес" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-adresse" title="IP-adresse – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="IP-adresse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-adresse" title="IP-adresse – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="IP-adresse" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adre%C3%A7a_IP" title="Adreça IP – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Adreça IP" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81" title="IP-адрес – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="IP-адрес" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-manzil" title="IP-manzil – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="IP-manzil" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਆਈਪੀ ਪਤਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਈਪੀ ਪਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_adr%C3%A8s" title="IP adrès – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="IP adrès" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="آی پي ادرس – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="آی پي ادرس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adres_IP" title="Adres IP – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Adres IP" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endere%C3%A7o_IP" title="Endereço IP – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Endereço IP" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adres%C4%83_IP" title="Adresă IP – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Adresă IP" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_tiyakuy" title="IP tiyakuy – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="IP tiyakuy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81" title="IP-адрес – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="IP-адрес" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81" title="IP аадырыс – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="IP аадырыс" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="IP address" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adresa_IP" title="Adresa IP – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Adresa IP" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nnirizzu_IP" title="Nnirizzu IP – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nnirizzu IP" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92.%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93._%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="අයි.පී. ලිපිනය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අයි.පී. ලිපිනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A1%D9%90_%D9%BE%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%8A%DA%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="آءِ پي ايڊريس – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آءِ پي ايڊريس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adresa_IP" title="Adresa IP – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Adresa IP" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-naslov" title="IP-naslov – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="IP-naslov" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="ناونیشانی ئای پی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ناونیشانی ئای پی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" title="IP адреса – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="IP адреса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_adresa" title="IP adresa – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="IP adresa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-osoite" title="IP-osoite – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="IP-osoite" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-adress" title="IP-adress – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="IP-adress" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="IP address" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="இணைய நெறிமுறை முகவரி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இணைய நெறிமுறை முகவரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tansa_IP" title="Tansa IP – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tansa IP" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%90_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%81" title="ఐ పీ అడ్రసు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఐ పీ అడ్రసు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5" title="เลขที่อยู่ไอพี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เลขที่อยู่ไอพี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_adresi" title="IP adresi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="IP adresi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0" title="IP-адреса – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="IP-адреса" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%AA%DB%81" title="آئی پی پتہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آئی پی پتہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indariso_IP" title="Indariso IP – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Indariso IP" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Ba_ch%E1%BB%89_IP" title="Địa chỉ IP – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Địa chỉ IP" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E9%9A%9B%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A%E4%BD%8D%E5%9D%80" title="網際協定位址 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="網際協定位址" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP-adres" title="IP-adres – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="IP-adres" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80" title="IP地址 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="IP地址" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%A1" title="IP אדרעס – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="IP אדרעס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80d%C3%ADr%E1%BA%B9%CC%81%E1%BA%B9%CC%80s%C3%AC_IP" title="Àdírẹ́ẹ̀sì IP – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àdírẹ́ẹ̀sì IP" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP%E4%BD%8D%E5%9D%80" title="IP位址 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="IP位址" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_adresos" title="IP adresos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="IP adresos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80" title="IP地址 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="IP地址" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11135#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:IP_address" rel="discussion" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>An <b>IP address</b> (short for <b>Internet Protocol address</b>) is a label which is used to identify one or more devices on a <a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">computer network</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">internet</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Overview" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Overview"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An IP can be compared to a postal address. An IP address is a long <a href="/wiki/Number" title="Number">number</a> written in <a href="/wiki/Binary_number" title="Binary number">binary</a>. Since such numbers are hard to communicate, IP addresses are usually written as a set of numbers in a given order. Devices using IP addresses use what is called the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">internet protocol</a> to communicate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Registration">Registration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Registration" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Registration"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) allocates the IP address. IANA<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is responsible for the IP addressing system. The <a href="/wiki/Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority" title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority</a> assigns IP addresses to <a href="/wiki/Regional_internet_registry" title="Regional internet registry">regional internet registries</a> (RIRs). The RIRs assign them to <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">Internet Service Providers</a>. Internet Service Providers then assign IP addresses to their customers. Often, people have a router or gateway at home, to which they connect computers, printers, and other devices. These routers or gateways are often configured to assign "local" IP addresses to the devices that are connected.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2025)">source?</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parts">Parts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Parts" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Parts"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Each address has two parts: one that specifies the computer or group of computers, and another which specifies the <a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">network</a>. A device can have more than one IP address. Certain types of IP addresses are used to address a group of devices, while others are used to address only one device. Certain types of addresses are unique, others can be re-used. A number of IP addresses are used for special purposes, for example to obtain an IP address automatically. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Examples" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Examples"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Suppose one of our friends wants to meet us but they don't know our address. They ask us for our address and then we give it (Example: 123 Main Street, Anytown, USA). Knowing the address, they can easily locate us. The same thing is done in this case with the internet. Every network is assigned an address. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="IP_address_composition">IP address composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: IP address composition" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: IP address composition"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An IP address is a long binary number, made of ones and zeros. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IPv4">IPv4</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: IPv4" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: IPv4"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An IPv4 address is 32 binary digits (or <a href="/wiki/Bit" class="mw-disambig" title="Bit">bits</a>) long. An IPv6 is 128 bits long, allowing many more IP addresses to be used. IP addresses are usually written in human-readable form, where 8 bits are grouped into one <a href="/wiki/Octet" title="Octet">octet</a>. IPv4 addresses are usually written as a group of four numbers. Each number can take a value from 0 to 255. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IPv6">IPv6</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Change section: IPv6" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: IPv6"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>IPv6 addresses are written as a group of eight <a href="/wiki/Hexadecimal_numeral_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Hexadecimal numeral system">hexadecimal</a> numbers. Many Ipv6 addresses contain many <a href="/wiki/Zero" class="mw-redirect" title="Zero">zeroes</a>. There are special rules which say that in certain cases, these zeroes do not need to be written. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_and_private_addresses">Public and private addresses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Change section: Public and private addresses" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Public and private addresses"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Certain IP addresses can be assigned freely on the <a href="/wiki/Local_area_network" title="Local area network">local area network</a>. Since they are not unique, they are not routed on the internet. The addresses which can be freely assigned are called <b>private IP addresses</b>, and the ones which are unique are called <b>public IP addresses</b>. To be routed, a private address needs to be translated into a public one. This process of translating between private and public addresses is called <a href="/wiki/Network_address_translation" title="Network address translation">network address translation</a>, or NAT. <a href="/wiki/Router" title="Router">Routers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Firewall_(networking)" title="Firewall (networking)">firewalls</a> often also perform such task. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reaching_one_or_more_devices">Reaching one or more devices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Change section: Reaching one or more devices" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Reaching one or more devices"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are three types of addresses: </p> <ul><li>Unicast addresses: The address is assigned to one specific device. This is the most common case, most addresses are unicast addresses.</li> <li>Broadcast addresses: Addresses all computers on the same network. There are certain cases where this is useful, such as to obtain a new address automatically. The sender sends the data once, and the devices used for routing the data make copies, as needed.</li> <li>Multicast addresses: This case is similar to the broadcast case above: Some devices are interested in receiving certain data, and the network copies the data as needed. The big difference to the broadcast case above is that all devices connected to the broadcast network see the data sent using broadcast. With multicast, devices need to subscribe to see a given content. The devices on the same network that are not subscribed will not see the content.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Unicast.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Unicast: one sender, one receiver"><img alt="Unicast: one sender, one receiver" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Unicast.svg/120px-Unicast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Unicast.svg/180px-Unicast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Unicast.svg/240px-Unicast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Unicast: one sender, one receiver</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Broadcast.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Broadcast: one sender, many receivers, all on the same (sub)network. All devices see the data"><img alt="Broadcast: one sender, many receivers, all on the same (sub)network. All devices see the data" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Broadcast.svg/120px-Broadcast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Broadcast.svg/180px-Broadcast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Broadcast.svg/240px-Broadcast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Broadcast: one sender, many receivers, all on the same (sub)network. All devices see the data</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Multicast.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Multicast: one sender, many receivers. Only a selected number of devices (usually called subscribers) see the data."><img alt="Multicast: one sender, many receivers. Only a selected number of devices (usually called subscribers) see the data." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Multicast.svg/120px-Multicast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Multicast.svg/180px-Multicast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Multicast.svg/240px-Multicast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Multicast: one sender, many receivers. Only a selected number of devices (usually called subscribers) see the data.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Obtaining_new_IP_addresses">Obtaining new IP addresses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Change section: Obtaining new IP addresses" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Obtaining new IP addresses"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are different ways of assigning a new IP address. One of them is called the Bootstrap Protocol (usually shortened to BOOTP). The device that needs a new address, does not know what network it is in, so it uses an IP address of all zeroes (0.0.0.0) which it sends as a broadcast to the current network, on a special <a href="/wiki/Network_port" title="Network port">port</a>. </p><p>In addition, it sends the <a href="/wiki/MAC_address" title="MAC address">MAC address</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Network_card" title="Network card">network card</a>, plus a 4 byte random number. The BOOTP server will send a reply, also as broadcast, addressed to a different port. The reply will contain the mac address of the client, the random number, and the IP address of the client. When the client receives the data, it will set the address specified. </p><p>If the BOOTP server is configured that way, it will also send the IP address and hostname of the BOOTP Server, the name and path to a file which should be loaded to boot the client (with TFTP) or the name of a directory, which the client should mount using <a href="/w/index.php?title=NFS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NFS (not yet started)">NFS</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol" title="Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol">DHCP</a> extends BOOTP, and allows to send more information, such as the address of a time server, or information which is useful for routing. IP addresses obtained automatically can be dynamic or static. Static addressing means the same machine will always get the same IP address. With dynamic addresses, a device will get the next address which is not used. Dynamic addresses which are used need to be reviewed from time to time. If they are not renewed, they can be used for other devices. </p><p>As discussed previously, IP version 4 is commonly <a href="/wiki/Abbreviation" title="Abbreviation">abbreviated</a> as IPv4. With IPv4, each address consists of four 8-digit binary numbers, called <a href="/wiki/Octet" title="Octet">octets</a>. An IPv4 address is 32 bits in total. The biggest number one can make with 8 regular digits is 99,999,999, but the biggest number one can make with 8 binary digits is 255 (11111111 in binary), so each octet can be any number from 0 to 255. An IPv4 address could look something like this: </p> <dl><dd><b>198.51.100.137</b></dd></dl> <p>Each octet is converted to its <a href="/wiki/Decimal" title="Decimal">decimal</a> form and separated by a period. </p><p>There are also special meanings associated with two different ending numbers. In general, a last number of 0 stands for the network (called <i>base address</i>), and a last number of 255 stands for all hosts on that network (called <i>broadcast address</i>). Computers that are on the same local network share 3 of the 4 numbers. A computer can be on more than one network. It can also have several names. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_or_private_addresses">Public or private addresses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Change section: Public or private addresses" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Public or private addresses"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The problem with IPv4 is that it only allows for 4.3 billion addresses, and we've almost used them all. To delay this, <a href="/wiki/Network_address_translation" title="Network address translation">Network Address Translation</a> (NAT) was created. Network Address Translation has a network share one <i>public</i> IP address and give every computer on the network a <i>private</i> IP address. Everyone living in the same house uses the same address, but mail can be meant for multiple different people living in the house. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special_IP_addresses">Special IP addresses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Change section: Special IP addresses" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Special IP addresses"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are some IP addresses that are reserved for special purposes. For example, the address <i>127.0.0.1</i> is called the <a href="/wiki/Loopback" title="Loopback">Loopback Address</a> and will "loop back" any packets sent to this address back to the computer that sent them, like sending mail to yourself. Although this may not seem useful, it is used to test <a href="/wiki/Server" title="Server">servers</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>127.0.0.0/8 block </th> <th>Starting address </th> <th>Ending address </th> <th>Number of addresses </th></tr> <tr> <td>10.0.0.0/8 </td> <td>10.0.0.0 </td> <td>10.255.255.255 </td> <td>16,777,216 </td></tr> <tr> <td>172.16.0.0/12 </td> <td>172.16.0.0 </td> <td>172.31.255.255 </td> <td>1,048,576 </td></tr> <tr> <td>192.168.0.0/16 </td> <td>192.168.0.0 </td> <td>192.168.255.255 </td> <td>65,536 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Network">Network</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Change section: Network" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Network"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It identifies the class of a network. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Host_part">Host part</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Change section: Host part" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Host part"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It identifies the host on a network. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Static_IP_address">Static IP address</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Change section: Static IP address" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Static IP address"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is a permanent internet address. It has to be configured manually. It is used in smaller networks. All servers use static IP addresses. It is a simple way for communication. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dynamic_IP_address">Dynamic IP address</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Change section: Dynamic IP address" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Dynamic IP address"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is a temporary internet address. It is assigned by a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server from a specific range of IP address. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IPv4_subnetting">IPv4 subnetting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Change section: IPv4 subnetting" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: IPv4 subnetting"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To make a network work faster, it is split up into <a href="/wiki/Subnet" class="mw-redirect" title="Subnet">subnets</a>. To do this, an IP address contains a <i>network</i> ID, <i>subnet</i> ID, and a <i>host</i> ID. A special binary number called a subnet mask is used to determine the size of the network, subnet, and host IDs. </p><p>The original IPv4 only supported 254 networks, so in 1981 the Internet addressing specification was changed to a classful network architecture. Classful network design allowed for a larger number of individual networks. The first three bits of an IP address determined its <i>class</i>. Three classes (<i>A</i>, <i>B</i>, and <i>C</i>) were defined for normal computer communication (Unicast). </p><p>The size of the network ID was based on the class of the IP address. Each class used more octets for the network ID, making the host ID smaller and reducing the number of possible hosts. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="7">Historical classful network architecture </th></tr> <tr> <th>Class </th> <th>First octet in binary </th> <th>Range of first octet </th> <th>Network ID </th> <th>Host ID </th> <th>Number of networks </th> <th>Number of addresses </th></tr> <tr> <th>A </th> <td>0XXXXXXX </td> <td>0 - 127 </td> <td>a </td> <td>b.c.d </td> <td>2<sup>7</sup> = 128 </td> <td>2<sup>24</sup> = 16,777,216 </td></tr> <tr> <th>B </th> <td>10XXXXXX </td> <td>128 - 191 </td> <td>a.b </td> <td>c.d </td> <td>2<sup>14</sup> = 16,384 </td> <td>2<sup>16</sup> = 65,536 </td></tr> <tr> <th>C </th> <td>110XXXXX </td> <td>192 - 223 </td> <td>a.b.c </td> <td>d </td> <td>2<sup>21</sup> = 2,097,152 </td> <td>2<sup>8</sup> = 256 </td></tr> <tr> <th>D </th> <td>1110XXXX </td> <td>224 - 254 </td> <td>a.b.c.d </td> <td>e </td> <td>2<sup>23</sup> = 2,100,199 </td> <td>2<sup>9</sup> = 512 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Classful networks have been replaced by <a href="/wiki/Classless_Inter-Domain_Routing" title="Classless Inter-Domain Routing">Classless Inter-Domain Routing</a> (CIDR) since 1993. CIDR also provides a network address and host address. CIDR does not have classes, which means network and host address sizes don't have to be in octets. </p><p> An IPv4 Address in CIDR notation looks like</p><blockquote><p><b>192.168.0.14/24</b></p></blockquote><p>The slash and number represent the amount of bits that the network id uses, in this case 24 or 3 octets. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="IP_Version_6">IP Version 6</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Change section: IP Version 6" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: IP Version 6"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because IPv4 is only 32 bits, the number of available addresses will run out. To prevent this, an organization called the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a> (IEEE) created IP Version 6 (IPv6), which will eventually finish replacing IPv4. </p><p>IP Version 6 uses 8 octets each 16 bits = 128 bits in total. Octets in IPv6 are written in <a href="/wiki/Hexadecimal_numeral_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Hexadecimal numeral system">hexadecimal</a>, and separated by colons (:). An IPv6 address might look like this: </p> <dl><dd><b>2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334</b></dd></dl> <p>An IPv6 address can be long and this can lead to mistakes when typing them into the computer or writing them down. There are two ways in which an IPv6 address can be made shorter without leaving anything out: </p> <ul><li>Leading zeroes can be left out: <b>2001:0db8:00b8:0008:0000:0000:0000:0001</b> becomes <b>2001:db8:b8:8:0:0:0:1</b></li> <li>Any number of sequential, all-zero 'chunks' may be compressed to simply ::. This can be done only once in the same address: <b>2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001</b> could be written as <b>2001:db8::1</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="DNS">DNS</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Change section: DNS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: DNS"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DNS stands for <a href="/wiki/Domain_name" title="Domain name"><b>D</b>omain <b>N</b>ame</a> <b>S</b>ystem. It is also called a service server, and is based on client server network architecture. Like a phonebook, it contains a <a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">database</a> of public IP addresses. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_versions">Other versions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Change section: Other versions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Other versions"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Versions before IPv4 were experimental and never widely used. Version 5 was used exclusively for the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Stream_Protocol" title="Internet Stream Protocol">Internet Stream Protocol</a> (ISP), which was also never widely used. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybersecurity" title="Cybersecurity">Cybersecurity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">Artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_technology" title="History of technology">History of technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">Information technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_programming" title="Computer programming">Computer programming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a> (WWW)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=IP_address&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority&oldid=8827695">"Internet Assigned Numbers Authority"</a>, <i>Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</i>, 2023-05-17<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-28</span></span></cite><span 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