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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Demographics and economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics_and_economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maps_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maps_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Maps gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maps_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sichuan Basin</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сычуанская катлавіна – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сычуанская катлавіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Съчуанска котловина – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Съчуанска котловина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conca_de_Sichuan" title="Conca de Sichuan – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Conca de Sichuan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Se%C4%8Du%C3%A1nsk%C3%A1_p%C3%A1nev" title="Sečuánská pánev – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sečuánská pánev" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichuan-Becken" title="Sichuan-Becken – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sichuan-Becken" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuenca_de_Sichuan" title="Cuenca de Sichuan – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cuenca de Sichuan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bassin_du_Sichuan" title="Bassin du Sichuan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bassin du Sichuan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%93%B0%EC%B4%A8_%EB%B6%84%EC%A7%80" title="쓰촨 분지 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쓰촨 분지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%A3%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Սիչուանի գոգավորություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիչուանի գոգավորություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cekungan_Sichuan" title="Cekungan Sichuan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Cekungan Sichuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacino_del_Sichuan" title="Bacino del Sichuan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bacino del Sichuan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C4%8Duano_dubuma" title="Sičuano dubuma – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sičuano dubuma" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lembangan_Sichuan" title="Lembangan Sichuan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Lembangan Sichuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichuanbekken" title="Sichuanbekken – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sichuanbekken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="四川盆地 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="四川盆地" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichuanbassenget" title="Sichuanbassenget – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sichuanbassenget" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichuan_soyligi" title="Sichuan soyligi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sichuan soyligi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotlina_Syczua%C5%84ska" title="Kotlina Syczuańska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kotlina Syczuańska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сычуаньская впадина – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сычуаньская впадина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Se%C4%8Duanska_kotlina" title="Sečuanska kotlina – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sečuanska kotlina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sichuanb%C3%A4ckenet" title="Sichuanbäckenet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sichuanbäckenet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%A7uan_Havzas%C4%B1" title="Siçuan Havzası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Siçuan Havzası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сичуанська западина – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сичуанська западина" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%93n_%C4%91%E1%BB%8Ba_T%E1%BB%A9_Xuy%C3%AAn" title="Bồn địa Tứ Xuyên – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bồn địa Tứ Xuyên" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="四川盆地 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="四川盆地" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="四川盆地 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="四川盆地" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sichuan_Basin&params=30_30_N_105_30_E_dim:400000_scale:4000000_region:CN-51_type:adm2nd_source:dewiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">30°30′N</span> <span class="longitude">105°30′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">30.500°N 105.500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">30.500; 105.500</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Basin in Sichuan, China</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output 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.infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="line-height: 1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Sichuan Basin</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Red Basin</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zitong-sichuan-china.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Zitong-sichuan-china.jpg/272px-Zitong-sichuan-china.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Zitong-sichuan-china.jpg/408px-Zitong-sichuan-china.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Zitong-sichuan-china.jpg/544px-Zitong-sichuan-china.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Sichuan Basin landscape in <a href="/wiki/Zitong_County" title="Zitong County">Zitong County</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_edcp_relief_location_map_Sichuan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/China_edcp_relief_location_map_Sichuan.png/272px-China_edcp_relief_location_map_Sichuan.png" decoding="async" width="272" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/China_edcp_relief_location_map_Sichuan.png/408px-China_edcp_relief_location_map_Sichuan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/China_edcp_relief_location_map_Sichuan.png/544px-China_edcp_relief_location_map_Sichuan.png 2x" data-file-width="1968" data-file-height="1567" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Map of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> with Sichuan Basin highlighted</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">500 km (310 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Width</th><td class="infobox-data">400 km (250 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">229,500 km<sup>2</sup> (88,600 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e7dcc3;">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Provinces</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Southwest_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Southwest China">Southwest China</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sichuan_Basin&params=30_30_N_105_30_E_dim:400000_scale:4000000_region:CN-51_type:adm2nd_source:dewiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">30°30′N</span> <span class="longitude">105°30′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">30.500°N 105.500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">30.500; 105.500</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Sichuan Basin</b> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">四川盆地</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Sìchuān Péndì</span></i>), formerly transliterated as the <b>Szechwan Basin</b>, sometimes called the <b>Red Basin</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_basin" title="Sedimentary basin">lowland region</a> in southwestern <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. It is surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Mountain" title="Mountain">mountains</a> on all sides and is drained by the upper <a href="/wiki/Yangtze" title="Yangtze">Yangtze River</a> and its tributaries. The basin is anchored by <a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a> province, in the <a href="/wiki/West" title="West">west</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Direct-administered_municipalities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct-administered municipalities of China">direct-administered municipality</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> in the <a href="/wiki/East" title="East">east</a>. Due to its relative flatness and fertile soils, it is able to support a population of more than 100 million. In addition to being a dominant geographical feature of the region, the Sichuan Basin also constitutes a cultural sphere that is distinguished by its own unique customs, <a href="/wiki/Sichuan_cuisine" title="Sichuan cuisine">cuisine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sichuanese_dialects" title="Sichuanese dialects">dialects</a>. It is famous for its rice cultivation and is often considered the breadbasket of China. In the 21st century its industrial base is expanding with growth in the high-tech, aerospace, and <a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry" title="Petroleum industry">petroleum industries</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Three-gorges-map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Three-gorges-map.png/250px-Three-gorges-map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Three-gorges-map.png/375px-Three-gorges-map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Three-gorges-map.png/500px-Three-gorges-map.png 2x" data-file-width="927" data-file-height="379" /></a><figcaption>Topographic map showing the <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River">Yangtze River</a> flowing from <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> (bottom left) through the ridge-like detachment folds of the eastern Sichuan Basin (left) and the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges" title="Three Gorges">Three Gorges</a> (top right)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sichuan_Haze.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Sichuan_Haze.jpg/220px-Sichuan_Haze.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Sichuan_Haze.jpg/330px-Sichuan_Haze.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Sichuan_Haze.jpg/440px-Sichuan_Haze.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4400" data-file-height="3400" /></a><figcaption>Haze forming within the Sichuan Basin, with the <a href="/wiki/Daxue_Mountains" title="Daxue Mountains">Daxue Mountains</a> to the west</figcaption></figure> <p>The Sichuan Basin is an expansive 229,500 km<sup>2</sup> (88,600 sq mi) lowland region in China that is surrounded by upland regions and mountains.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the basin is covered in hilly terrain. The basin covers the eastern third of <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a> Province and the western half of Chongqing <a href="/wiki/Direct-controlled_municipalities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct-controlled municipalities of China">Municipality</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The westernmost section of the Sichuan Basin is the <a href="/wiki/Chengdu_Plain" title="Chengdu Plain">Chengdu Plain</a>, occupied by <a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a>, provincial capital of Sichuan. The Chengdu Plain is largely <a href="/wiki/Alluvial_plain" title="Alluvial plain">alluvial</a>, formed by the <a href="/wiki/Min_River_(Sichuan)" title="Min River (Sichuan)">Min River</a> and other rivers <a href="/wiki/Alluvial_fan#In_humid_climates" title="Alluvial fan">fanning out</a> when entering the basin from the northwest. This flat region is separated from the rest of the basin by the <a href="/wiki/Longquan_Mountains" title="Longquan Mountains">Longquan Mountains</a>. The central portions of the Sichuan Basin are generally rolling, covered by low hills, <a href="/wiki/Dissected_plateau" title="Dissected plateau">eroded remnants of the uplifted Sichuan Basin floor</a>. In some parts of the extreme northern Basin and in <a href="/wiki/Weiyuan_County,_Sichuan" title="Weiyuan County, Sichuan">Weiyuan County</a> in the southwest, there are ancient dome-shaped low mountains in their own right.<sup id="cite_ref-Physical_Atlas_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Physical_Atlas-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Jialing_River" title="Jialing River">Jialing River</a> enters from the north and flows across the entire width of the Sichuan Basin to meet the Yangtze at Chongqing. Northeast of Chongqing, the Yangtze cuts an outlet through the mountains at the eastern edge of the basin known as the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges" title="Three Gorges">Three Gorges</a>. Other significant rivers almost wholly within the Sichuan Basin include the <a href="/wiki/Tuo_River" title="Tuo River">Tuo River</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Fu_River_(Sichuan)" title="Fu River (Sichuan)">Fu River</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Qu_River_(Jialing_River_tributary)" title="Qu River (Jialing River tributary)">Qu River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-atlas_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlas-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to the surrounding mountains, the Sichuan Basin often experiences <a href="/wiki/Fog" title="Fog">fog</a> and <a href="/wiki/Smog" title="Smog">smog</a> as a result of <a href="/wiki/Temperature_inversion" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperature inversion">temperature inversion</a> caused by the basin's convective layer being <a href="/wiki/Capping_inversion" title="Capping inversion">capped</a> by a layer of air moving east across the Tibet Plateau.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A moist, often overcast, four-season climate dominates the basin, with cool to mild <a href="/wiki/Winter" title="Winter">winters</a> occasionally experiencing frost, and hot, very humid <a href="/wiki/Summer" title="Summer">summers</a>. The intensity of summer varies rather widely throughout the basin, depending on location. Generally, the climate is warmer and wetter in the eastern parts of the Sichuan Basin.<sup id="cite_ref-Provincial_Atlas_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provincial_Atlas-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The basin's climate is classified as <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Humid subtropical">humid subtropical</a> under Koppen classification.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The entirety of the Sichuan Basin is drained by the <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River">Yangtze River</a> and its tributaries.<sup id="cite_ref-Provincial_Atlas_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provincial_Atlas-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main stem of the Yangtze, the <a href="/wiki/Jinsha_River" title="Jinsha River">Jinsha River</a>, enters the basin in the south at <a href="/wiki/Yibin" title="Yibin">Yibin</a> where it meets the <a href="/wiki/Min_River_(Sichuan)" title="Min River (Sichuan)">Min River</a>, which enters the basin from the northwest at <a href="/wiki/Dujiangyan_City" title="Dujiangyan City">Dujiangyan City</a> and flows southerly to meet the Jinsha at Yibin where together they form the Yangtze in name. The <a href="/wiki/Dadu_River_(Sichuan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dadu River (Sichuan)">Dadu River</a> enters from the west and joins the Min at <a href="/wiki/Leshan" title="Leshan">Leshan</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geology">Geology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Sichuan Basin forms the rigid northwest edge of the <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze Plate">Yangtze</a> <a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">tectonic plate</a>. The Yangtze Plate's complex relationship with the surrounding <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian Plate">Eurasian Plate</a> is evidenced at its margins.<sup id="cite_ref-seismic_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seismic-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Orogeny" title="Orogeny">Orogeny</a> formed by the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Plate">Indian Plate</a>'s collision with Eurasia has compressed against the Sichuan Basin's western edge, most notably along the <a href="/wiki/Longmenshan_Fault" title="Longmenshan Fault">Longmenshan Fault</a>, the epicenter of the <a href="/wiki/2008_Sichuan_Earthquake" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 Sichuan Earthquake">2008 Sichuan Earthquake</a>. The basin's rigidity withstands much of the Tibetan Plateau's eastern movement, but dramatic <a href="/wiki/Detachment_fold" title="Detachment fold">folds</a> have formed within the Yangtze Plate along the Sichuan Basin's eastern edges. Here, ancient faults interact with the <a href="/wiki/Daba_Mountains" title="Daba Mountains">Daba Mountains</a>, themselves a result of pressure between the Yangtze and Eurasian Plates in a perpendicular direction.<sup id="cite_ref-tectonic_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tectonic-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until 6 million years ago, a large lake filled the Sichuan Basin.<sup id="cite_ref-Provincial_Atlas_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Provincial_Atlas-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The basin's soils today are largely exposed red sandstone,<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> leading to the "Red Basin" nickname for the region. The Sichuan Basin's well preserved <a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">Jurassic</a> layers have proven valuable to <a href="/wiki/Paleontology" title="Paleontology">paleontology</a>, such of those of the <a href="/wiki/Shaximiao_Formation" title="Shaximiao Formation">Shaximiao Formation</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Zigong" title="Zigong">Zigong</a>, which preserves abundant remains of dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals.<sup id="cite_ref-L112_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-L112-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biodiversity">Biodiversity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Biodiversity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:China_-_Emei_Shan_1_-_lush_misty_forest_(135959880).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/China_-_Emei_Shan_1_-_lush_misty_forest_%28135959880%29.jpg/220px-China_-_Emei_Shan_1_-_lush_misty_forest_%28135959880%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/China_-_Emei_Shan_1_-_lush_misty_forest_%28135959880%29.jpg/330px-China_-_Emei_Shan_1_-_lush_misty_forest_%28135959880%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/China_-_Emei_Shan_1_-_lush_misty_forest_%28135959880%29.jpg/440px-China_-_Emei_Shan_1_-_lush_misty_forest_%28135959880%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption>Evergreen broadleaf forests on Mount Emei</figcaption></figure> <p>Originally, the Sichuan Basin was covered by the <a href="/wiki/Sichuan_Basin_evergreen_broadleaf_forests" title="Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests">Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests</a>. With human settlement, agriculture has taken root across most of the fertile basin and reduced the original forest to small patches on hills and mountains including <a href="/wiki/Mount_Emei" title="Mount Emei">Mount Emei</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The extensive ridges in the eastern Sichuan Basin preserve elements of the original forests.<sup id="cite_ref-atlas_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlas-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A greater variety of natural landscapes and wildlife have been at least partially preserved in the mountains surrounding the basin where human settlement has been less intensive. The natural ecosystems of these mountains have been classified by the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature" title="World Wide Fund for Nature">World Wide Fund for Nature</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Qionglai-Minshan_conifer_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests">Qionglai-Minshan conifer forests</a> to northwest and the <a href="/wiki/Daba_Mountains_evergreen_forests" title="Daba Mountains evergreen forests">Daba Mountains evergreen forests</a> to the northeast and east.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wwf_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Previously only known in fossils and thought to be extinct, the <a href="/wiki/Metasequoia" title="Metasequoia">Dawn Redwood</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Metasequoia_glyptostroboides" title="Metasequoia glyptostroboides">Metasequoia glyptostroboides</a></i>) was rediscovered in 1943 in the hilly <a href="/wiki/Lichuan_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Lichuan City">Lichuan County</a>, on the eastern mountain fringe of the Sichuan Basin.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Dawn Redwood is distinctive because it is a deciduous conifer.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Human_development">Human development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Human development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_plain_5c._BC-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Chinese_plain_5c._BC-en.svg/300px-Chinese_plain_5c._BC-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Chinese_plain_5c._BC-en.svg/450px-Chinese_plain_5c._BC-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Chinese_plain_5c._BC-en.svg/600px-Chinese_plain_5c._BC-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="568" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the Sichuan Basin (bottom left) independent of the ancient Chinese <a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou dynasty</a> prior to annexation by the Qin during the <a href="/wiki/Warring_States_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Warring States Period">Warring States Period</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dujiang_Weir.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Dujiang_Weir.jpg/220px-Dujiang_Weir.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Dujiang_Weir.jpg/330px-Dujiang_Weir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Dujiang_Weir.jpg/440px-Dujiang_Weir.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9288" data-file-height="3914" /></a><figcaption>The 2000-year-old <a href="/wiki/Dujiangyan" title="Dujiangyan">Dujiangyan</a> irrigation project</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sichuan#History" title="Sichuan">Sichuan § History</a></div> <p>Relative to the areas surrounding the upper <a href="/wiki/Yellow_River" title="Yellow River">Yellow River</a> and the <a href="/wiki/North_China_Plain" title="North China Plain">North China Plain</a>, the Sichuan Basin has played a peripheral role in the development of <a href="/wiki/History_of_China" title="History of China">Chinese civilization</a>. Due to the fertile agricultural characteristics of the basin, numerous cultures developed prior to integration with ancient Chinese dynasties.<sup id="cite_ref-atlas_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlas-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No written records exist from early cultures in the Sichuan Basin. What little is known about the area is from when contact was made with Shang and Zhou and from the archaeological site of <a href="/wiki/Sanxingdui" title="Sanxingdui">Sanxingdui</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-A_History_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A_History-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Predominant among the known ancient cultures was the <a href="/wiki/Shu_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shu (state)">Shu State</a> that was independent from the Zhou until it was strategically conquered by the <a href="/wiki/Qin_(state)" title="Qin (state)">Qin</a> in 316 BCE during the <a href="/wiki/Warring_States_period" title="Warring States period">Warring States period</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cambridge_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cambridge-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sichuan Basin was integrated into Imperial China under <a href="/wiki/Qin_dynasty" title="Qin dynasty">Qin dynasty</a> for whom it was an important agricultural resource.<sup id="cite_ref-A_History_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A_History-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the period of the <a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a>, the Sichuan Basin was at the centre of another independent <a href="/wiki/Shu_Han" title="Shu Han">Shu State</a>, until it was reunified with China in the 3rd century CE by the <a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)" title="Jin dynasty (266–420)">Jin dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cambridge_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cambridge-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around this time the basin's population is estimated to have been 1 million, with <a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a> the leading city. After the collapse of the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> in 907, the Sichuan Basin became home to a third <a href="/wiki/Former_Shu" title="Former Shu">Shu state</a>, this time lasting only two decades.<sup id="cite_ref-Cambridge_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cambridge-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During successive Chinese dynasties, the Sichuan Basin was firmly integrated with <a href="/wiki/Greater_China" title="Greater China">Greater China</a>. Mass migration occurred during the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> as the basin became one of the primary rice-producing regions of China. The basin's population fell sharply in the 17th century due to <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Xianzhong#Devastation_of_Sichuan" title="Zhang Xianzhong">devastation</a> caused by famine, war, and possible genocide.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After this time, the basin was repopulated with emigrants from China, further assimilating the unique cultures and peoples inhabiting the basin.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a> when much of Eastern China was occupied by Japanese forces, <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> in the Sichuan Basin served as the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%9349)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (1912–49)">Republic of China</a>'s capital.<sup id="cite_ref-Cambridge_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cambridge-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demographics_and_economy">Demographics and economy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Demographics and economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Owing to its vast fertile plains, the Sichuan Basin has long supported a high concentration of human population.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The major population centres of Chengdu and Chongqing have flourished with their hinterlands providing staples such as rice, wheat, and barley. Irrigation in the western part of the basin has been controlled for over two millennia by the monumental <a href="/wiki/Dujiangyan_irrigation_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Dujiangyan irrigation system">Dujiangyan irrigation system</a>, where the <a href="/wiki/Min_River_(Sichuan)" title="Min River (Sichuan)">Min River</a> enters.<sup id="cite_ref-LP_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The region has been known as a major <a href="/wiki/Breadbasket" title="Breadbasket">breadbasket</a> of China, especially in the 20th century during times of war.<sup id="cite_ref-atlas_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlas-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sichuan Basin also became a major focus of industrial development during <a href="/wiki/Mao" class="mw-redirect" title="Mao">Mao</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward" title="Great Leap Forward">Great Leap Forward</a>. In more recent times, the Sichuan Basin and the corridor between Chengdu and Chongqing have become developed as an economic centre known as the Chengyu Area. This area is mostly coterminous with the basin; it is part of a branding scheme by the Chinese government to attract investment to the area. Chemical, textile, electronic, aerospace, and food industries have all been developed as part of the Chengyu Area.<sup id="cite_ref-atlas_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlas-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another emerging industry in the basin is the <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> industry, currently exploring and extracting from oil reserves locked under the eastern parts of the basin.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Population_density-CROPPED-Sichuan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Population_density-CROPPED-Sichuan.png/220px-Population_density-CROPPED-Sichuan.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Population_density-CROPPED-Sichuan.png/330px-Population_density-CROPPED-Sichuan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Population_density-CROPPED-Sichuan.png 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">densely populated</a> Sichuan Basin (centre) stands out relative to the more sparsely populated surrounding mountainous regions</figcaption></figure> <p>While population growth stagnated during the Great Leap Forward, it has since recovered. Today, the basin has a population of approximately 100 million.<sup id="cite_ref-atlas_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlas-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Administratively, the entire basin was part of Sichuan province until Chongqing <a href="/wiki/Chongqing#Municipality_status" title="Chongqing">was separated</a> into a provincial-level municipality in 1997. In addition to Chengdu and Chongqing, significant cities found within the Sichuan Basin include <a href="/wiki/Guangyuan" title="Guangyuan">Guangyuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mianyang" title="Mianyang">Mianyang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deyang" title="Deyang">Deyang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nanchong" title="Nanchong">Nanchong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guang%27an" title="Guang'an">Guang'an</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dazhou" title="Dazhou">Dazhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ya%27an" title="Ya'an">Ya'an</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meishan" title="Meishan">Meishan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leshan" title="Leshan">Leshan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ziyang" title="Ziyang">Ziyang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suining" title="Suining">Suining</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neijiang" title="Neijiang">Neijiang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zigong" title="Zigong">Zigong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yibin" title="Yibin">Yibin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Luzhou" title="Luzhou">Luzhou</a>. The former cities of <a href="/wiki/Fuling" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuling">Fuling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wanzhou" class="mw-redirect" title="Wanzhou">Wanzhou</a> are now considered districts within Chongqing, but maintain their status as separate urban centres along the Yangtze.<sup id="cite_ref-sichuan_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sichuan-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culture">Culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Zi_Ji_(Chicken_with_Chiles)_(2269517013).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/La_Zi_Ji_%28Chicken_with_Chiles%29_%282269517013%29.jpg/220px-La_Zi_Ji_%28Chicken_with_Chiles%29_%282269517013%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/La_Zi_Ji_%28Chicken_with_Chiles%29_%282269517013%29.jpg/330px-La_Zi_Ji_%28Chicken_with_Chiles%29_%282269517013%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/La_Zi_Ji_%28Chicken_with_Chiles%29_%282269517013%29.jpg/440px-La_Zi_Ji_%28Chicken_with_Chiles%29_%282269517013%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1081" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Laziji" title="Laziji">Laziji</a>, a dish in <a href="/wiki/Sichuanese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sichuanese cuisine">Sichuanese cuisine</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Some unique elements of Sichuanese culture remain in the Basin. <a href="/wiki/Sichuanese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Sichuanese cuisine">Sichuanese cuisine</a> today is renowned for its unique flavours and levels of spiciness.<sup id="cite_ref-LP_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Sichuanese_dialects" title="Sichuanese dialects">Sichuanese branch</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin Chinese</a> is barely mutually intelligible with Standard Mandarin and originated in the Sichuan Basin. Today, Sichuanese is spoken throughout eastern Sichuan province, Chongqing, southern <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a>, and western <a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siduhe_Bridge-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Siduhe_Bridge-1.jpg/220px-Siduhe_Bridge-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Siduhe_Bridge-1.jpg/330px-Siduhe_Bridge-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Siduhe_Bridge-1.jpg/440px-Siduhe_Bridge-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Sidu_River_Bridge" title="Sidu River Bridge">Sidu River Bridge</a> carries <a href="/wiki/G50_Shanghai%E2%80%93Chongqing_Expressway" title="G50 Shanghai–Chongqing Expressway">Expressway G50</a> from Central China across the <a href="/wiki/Wu_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu Mountains">Wu Mountains</a> and into the Sichuan Basin</figcaption></figure> <p>While transportation across the Sichuan Basin has been facilitated by relative flatness, access to and from the basin has long been a challenge.<sup id="cite_ref-atlas_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atlas-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chinese poet <a href="/wiki/Li_Bai" title="Li Bai">Li Bai</a> once claimed that the road to Sichuan was "harder than the road to heaven".<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam" title="Three Gorges Dam">Three Gorges Dam</a>, the Yangtze River was the primary transportation corridor. Connecting the basin with the Yellow River valley to the north, the 4th century BCE <a href="/wiki/Shu_Roads" class="mw-redirect" title="Shu Roads">Shu Roads</a> were an engineering feat for their time.<sup id="cite_ref-shu_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shu-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most famously, the semi-legendary <a href="/wiki/Stone_Cattle_Road" title="Stone Cattle Road">Stone Cattle Road</a> is said to have been utilized by the <a href="/wiki/Qin_(state)" title="Qin (state)">Qin</a> to first conquer the Sichuan Basin in 316 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Cambridge_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cambridge-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Transportation to the west from Sichuan has proven to be an even greater challenge, with steep mountains and deep valleys hindering movement. Nevertheless, the Sichuan Basin has played a role as a stopover on the <a href="/wiki/Tea_Horse_Road" title="Tea Horse Road">southern Silk Road</a> and provided the most direct route between India and China. The southern trade route to <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> also passed through the basin, eventually crossing <a href="/wiki/Kham" title="Kham">Kham</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Derge_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Derge Kingdom">Derge Kingdom</a> to the west.<sup id="cite_ref-tibet_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tibet-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Long_March" title="Long March">Long March</a> passed to the west of Sichuan Basin in 1935 with great difficulty.<sup id="cite_ref-Cambridge_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cambridge-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 20th century, the Sichuan Basin was connected to the rest of China by railways. The <a href="/wiki/Chengdu%E2%80%93Chongqing_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Chengdu–Chongqing Railway">Chengyu Railway</a>, completed in 1952, connected Chengdu and Chongqing within the basin.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first rail link to outside the basin was the <a href="/wiki/Baoji%E2%80%93Chengdu_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Baoji–Chengdu Railway">Baoji–Chengdu Railway</a>, completed in 1961 to connect with <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> province across the <a href="/wiki/Qin_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Qin Mountains">Qin Mountains</a> to the north.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The basin was also connected with Yunnan to the southwest <a href="/wiki/Chengdu%E2%80%93Kunming_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Chengdu–Kunming Railway">in 1970</a>, Hubei to the east <a href="/wiki/Xiangyang%E2%80%93Chongqing_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiangyang–Chongqing Railway">in 1979</a>, and Guizhou to the south <a href="/wiki/Neijiang%E2%80%93Kunming_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Neijiang–Kunming Railway">in 2001</a>. In the 21st century, many <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_China" title="High-speed rail in China">high-speed rail</a> lines have been built or planned for the Sichuan Basin including the <a href="/wiki/Chengdu%E2%80%93Guiyang_High-Speed_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Chengdu–Guiyang High-Speed Railway">Chengdu-Guiyang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xi%27an%E2%80%93Chengdu_High-Speed_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Xi'an–Chengdu High-Speed Railway">Chengdu-Xi'an</a> lines.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Highway construction within Sichuan Basin intensified in the 21st century. <a href="/wiki/Expressways_of_China" title="Expressways of China">Expressways</a> through the basin include the <a href="/wiki/G5_Beijing%E2%80%93Kunming_Expressway" title="G5 Beijing–Kunming Expressway">G5</a>, <a href="/wiki/G42_Shanghai%E2%80%93Chengdu_Expressway" title="G42 Shanghai–Chengdu Expressway">G42</a>, <a href="/wiki/G50_Shanghai%E2%80%93Chongqing_Expressway" title="G50 Shanghai–Chongqing Expressway">G50</a>, <a href="/wiki/G65_Baotou%E2%80%93Maoming_Expressway" title="G65 Baotou–Maoming Expressway">G65</a>, <a href="/wiki/G75_Lanzhou%E2%80%93Haikou_Expressway" title="G75 Lanzhou–Haikou Expressway">G75</a>, <a href="/wiki/G76_Xiamen%E2%80%93Chengdu_Expressway" title="G76 Xiamen–Chengdu Expressway">G76</a>, <a href="/wiki/G85_Yinchuan%E2%80%93Kunming_Expressway" title="G85 Yinchuan–Kunming Expressway">G85</a>, and <a href="/wiki/G93_Chengdu%E2%80%93Chongqing_Ring_Expressway" class="mw-redirect" title="G93 Chengdu–Chongqing Ring Expressway">G93</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All expressways that connect the Sichuan Basin with other parts of China have been designed to utilize a series of tunnels and bridges to cross the mountainous surrounding terrain. Notable examples include the 18 km (11 mi) long <a href="/wiki/Zhongnanshan_Tunnel" title="Zhongnanshan Tunnel">Zhongnanshan Tunnel</a> through the Qin Mountains to the north and the 500 m (1,600 ft) high <a href="/wiki/Sidu_River_Bridge" title="Sidu River Bridge">Sidu River Bridge</a> through the Wu Mountains to the east.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maps_gallery">Maps gallery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Maps gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yangtze_River_drainage_basin_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the Yangtze River drainage basin with the Sichuan Basin in the centre"><img alt="Map of the Yangtze River drainage basin with the Sichuan Basin in the centre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Yangtze_River_drainage_basin_map.svg/250px-Yangtze_River_drainage_basin_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Yangtze_River_drainage_basin_map.svg/375px-Yangtze_River_drainage_basin_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Yangtze_River_drainage_basin_map.svg/500px-Yangtze_River_drainage_basin_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="943" data-file-height="498" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Map of the Yangtze River <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">drainage basin</a> with the Sichuan Basin in the centre</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Map showing the second Shu State in the Sichuan Basin during the Three Kingdoms period"><img alt="Map showing the second Shu State in the Sichuan Basin during the Three Kingdoms period" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/China_5.jpg/204px-China_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="204" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/China_5.jpg/305px-China_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/China_5.jpg/407px-China_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Map showing the second Shu State in the Sichuan Basin during the <a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Kingdoms period">Three Kingdoms period</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sichuanese_in_China.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Sichuanese dialects are spoken in the Sichuan Basin and surrounding areas"><img alt="Sichuanese dialects are spoken in the Sichuan Basin and surrounding areas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Sichuanese_in_China.png/239px-Sichuanese_in_China.png" decoding="async" width="239" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Sichuanese_in_China.png/358px-Sichuanese_in_China.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Sichuanese_in_China.png/478px-Sichuanese_in_China.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="670" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sichuanese_dialects" title="Sichuanese dialects">Sichuanese dialects</a> are spoken in the Sichuan Basin and surrounding areas</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shudao.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The 4th century BC Shu Roads connected Sichuan Basin with the Yellow River valley (Shaanxi)"><img alt="The 4th century BC Shu Roads connected Sichuan Basin with the Yellow River valley (Shaanxi)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Shudao.png/192px-Shudao.png" decoding="async" width="192" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Shudao.png/288px-Shudao.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Shudao.png/384px-Shudao.png 2x" data-file-width="845" data-file-height="881" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The 4th century BC Shu Roads connected Sichuan Basin with the Yellow River valley (<a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tea-Horse-Road_2.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Sichuan Basin in relation to Southeast Asia and the eastern part of South Asia, with the Tea Horse Road routes highlighted in red"><img alt="Sichuan Basin in relation to Southeast Asia and the eastern part of South Asia, with the Tea Horse Road routes highlighted in red" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tea-Horse-Road_2.png/250px-Tea-Horse-Road_2.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tea-Horse-Road_2.png/375px-Tea-Horse-Road_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tea-Horse-Road_2.png/500px-Tea-Horse-Road_2.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="588" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sichuan Basin in relation to Southeast Asia and the eastern part of South Asia, with the <a href="/wiki/Tea_Horse_Road" title="Tea Horse Road">Tea Horse Road</a> routes highlighted in red</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_Basin&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" 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class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-britannica-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-britannica_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannica_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannica_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannica_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Sichuan-Basin">"Sichuan Basin"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Beijing, China: Star Map Press. 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9787547109151" title="Special:BookSources/9787547109151"><bdi>9787547109151</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sichuan+Sheng+Dituce&rft.place=Beijing%2C+China&rft.pub=Star+Map+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9787547109151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASichuan+Basin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnston2006" class="citation book cs1">Johnston, Brian (2006). <i>Boxing with Shadows: Travels in China</i>. Melbourne University Publishing. p. 140.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boxing+with+Shadows%3A+Travels+in+China&rft.pages=140&rft.pub=Melbourne+University+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASichuan+Basin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shu-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shu_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJustman2007" class="citation book cs1">Justman, Hope (2007). <i>Guide to Hiking China's Old Road to Shu</i>. iUniverse. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780595425518" title="Special:BookSources/9780595425518"><bdi>9780595425518</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+to+Hiking+China%27s+Old+Road+to+Shu&rft.pub=iUniverse&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780595425518&rft.aulast=Justman&rft.aufirst=Hope&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASichuan+Basin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tibet-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tibet_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyavec2015" class="citation book cs1">Ryavec, Karl E. (2015). <i>A Historical Atlas of Tibet</i>. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0226732442" title="Special:BookSources/978-0226732442"><bdi>978-0226732442</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Historical+Atlas+of+Tibet&rft.place=Chicago%2C+IL&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0226732442&rft.aulast=Ryavec&rft.aufirst=Karl+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASichuan+Basin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cctv.com/china/20090811/105574.shtml">"新中国档案：成渝铁路--新中国的第一条铁路"</a>. CCTV. Xinhua News Agency. 11 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%EF%BC%9A%E6%88%90%E6%B8%9D%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF--%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%9D%A1%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&rft.date=2009-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.cctv.com%2Fchina%2F20090811%2F105574.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASichuan+Basin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Chinese) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tech.163.com/special/00093ID1/nd60specList_08.html">"第八期宝成铁路" <i>中国制造之科技"</i></a><i> Accessed 2017-10-06</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQiaoXi2017" class="citation news cs1">Qiao, Han; Xi, Fan (16 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/high-speed/high-speed-rail-expansion-on-fast-track.html">"Chinese high-speed rail expansion on the fast track"</a>. International Railway Journal<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Chinese+high-speed+rail+expansion+on+the+fast+track&rft.date=2017-08-16&rft.aulast=Qiao&rft.aufirst=Han&rft.au=Xi%2C+Fan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railjournal.com%2Findex.php%2Fhigh-speed%2Fhigh-speed-rail-expansion-on-fast-track.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASichuan+Basin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/highspeed/2010-01/16/content_11660355.htm">"China to build Xi'an-Chengdu high-speed railway"</a>. China Daily. Xinhua. 16 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=China+to+build+Xi%27an-Chengdu+high-speed+railway&rft.date=2010-01-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fchina%2Fhighspeed%2F2010-01%2F16%2Fcontent_11660355.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASichuan+Basin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>China Highway Atlas</i>. Beijing, China: China Communications Press. 2014. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9787114060656" title="Special:BookSources/9787114060656"><bdi>9787114060656</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China+Highway+Atlas&rft.place=Beijing%2C+China&rft.pub=China+Communications+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9787114060656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASichuan+Basin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="/wiki/Template:Sichuan_topics" title="Template:Sichuan topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sichuan_topics" title="Template talk:Sichuan topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sichuan_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sichuan topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sichuan_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_and_former_capitals_of_subnational_entities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current and former capitals of subnational entities of China">capital</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sichuan" title="Category:Sichuan">General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Sichuan" title="Politics of Sichuan">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan#Economy" title="Sichuan">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Sichuan" title="List of universities and colleges in Sichuan">Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sichuan#History" title="Sichuan">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center">States and kingdoms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanxingdui" title="Sanxingdui">Sanxingdui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba_(state)" title="Ba (state)">Ba</a> & <a href="/wiki/Shu_(kingdom)" title="Shu (kingdom)">Shu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengjia" title="Chengjia">Chengjia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shu_Han" title="Shu Han">Shu Han</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng-Han" title="Cheng-Han">Cheng-Han</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiao_Zong" title="Qiao Zong">Western Shu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Former_Shu" title="Former Shu">Former Shu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Later_Shu" title="Later Shu">Later Shu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Shu_(state)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Shu (state) (page does not exist)">Li Shu</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E8%9C%80" class="extiw" title="zh:李蜀">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ming_Xia" title="Ming Xia">Ming Xia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_dynasty" title="Xi dynasty">Da Xi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan-Mongol_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sichuan-Mongol War (page does not exist)">Sichuan-Mongol War</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%94%BB%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" class="extiw" title="zh:蒙古攻四川之戰">zh</a>]</span> (<a href="/wiki/Sichuan_anti-Mongol_fortresses" title="Sichuan anti-Mongol fortresses">anti-Mongol fortresses</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Repopulation_of_Sichuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Repopulation of Sichuan (page does not exist)">Repopulation of Sichuan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%BB%A3%E5%A1%AB%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D" class="extiw" title="yue:湖廣填四川">yue</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_Protection_Movement" title="Railway Protection Movement">Railway Protection Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuan_during_World_War_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sichuan during World War II (page does not exist)">Home Front Period</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Geography_of_Sichuan" title="Category:Geography of Sichuan">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China#Sichuan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in the People's Republic of China">Cities</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sichuan Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu_Plain" title="Chengdu Plain">Chengdu Plain</a></li> <li>Regions <small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_Sichuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Western Sichuan (page does not exist)">West</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E8%A5%BF" class="extiw" title="zh:川西">zh</a>]</span></small></li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Sichuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastern Sichuan (page does not exist)">East</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E6%9D%B1" class="extiw" title="zh:川東">zh</a>]</span></small></li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northern_Sichuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northern Sichuan (page does not exist)">North</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E5%8C%97" class="extiw" title="zh:川北">zh</a>]</span></small></li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Sichuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southern Sichuan (page does not exist)">South</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E5%8D%97" class="extiw" title="zh:川南">zh</a>]</span>)</small></li> <li>Rivers <small>(<a href="/wiki/Sichuan_River" title="Sichuan River">Sichuan</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Min_River_(Sichuan)" title="Min River (Sichuan)">Min</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Jialing_River" title="Jialing River">Jialing</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Tuo_River" title="Tuo River">Tuo</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Yalong_River" title="Yalong River">Yalong</a>)</small></li> <li>Mountain ranges <small>(<a href="/wiki/Daba_Mountains" title="Daba Mountains">Daba</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Longmen_Mountains" title="Longmen Mountains">Longmen</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Qionglai_Mountains" title="Qionglai Mountains">Qionglai</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Hengduan_Mountains" title="Hengduan Mountains">Hengduan</a>)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sichuan#Culture" title="Sichuan">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ba%E2%80%93Shu_culture" title="Ba–Shu culture">Ba–Shu culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Shu" title="Clothing in ancient Shu">Clothing in ancient Shu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_embroidery" title="Sichuan embroidery">Sichuan embroidery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_cuisine" title="Sichuan cuisine">Sichuanese cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuanese_liquor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sichuanese liquor (page does not exist)">Sichuanese liquor</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E9%85%92" class="extiw" title="zh:川酒">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengding_Ganlu_tea" title="Mengding Ganlu tea">Mengding Ganlu tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panda_tea" title="Panda tea">Panda tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_opera" title="Sichuan opera">Sichuan opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sichuan" title="Music of Sichuan">Sichuanese music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlang_Shen" title="Erlang Shen">Lord of Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sichuanese_architecture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sichuanese architecture (page does not exist)">Sichuanese architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuanese_garden" title="Sichuanese garden">Sichuanese garden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sichuanese_people" title="Sichuanese people">Sichuanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakka_people" title="Hakka people">Hakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiang-speaking_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiang-speaking peoples">Xiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_people" title="Tibetan people">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiang_people" title="Qiang people">Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_people" title="Yi people">Yi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sichuan#Religion" title="Sichuan">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism" title="Chinese Buddhism">Chinese Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_salvationist_religions" title="Chinese salvationist religions">Chinese salvationist religions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> (<a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Sichuan" title="Christianity in Sichuan">Main article</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East_in_Sichuan" title="Church of the East in Sichuan">Church of the East in Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Sichuan" title="Catholic Church in Sichuan">Catholic Church in Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_Sichuan" title="Protestantism in Sichuan">Protestantism in Sichuan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Anglicanism_in_Sichuan" title="History of Anglicanism in Sichuan">Anglicanism in Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Methodism_in_Sichuan" title="History of Methodism in Sichuan">Methodism in Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakerism_in_Sichuan" title="Quakerism in Sichuan">Quakerism in Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Baptist_Christianity_in_Sichuan" title="History of Baptist Christianity in Sichuan">Baptist Christianity in Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Adventism_in_Sichuan" title="History of Adventism in Sichuan">Seventh-day Adventist Church in Sichuan</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sichuan" title="Islam in Sichuan">Main article</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism_in_Sichuan" title="Zoroastrianism in Sichuan">Main article</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sichuan#Languages" title="Sichuan">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sichuanese_dialects" title="Sichuanese dialects">Sichuanese</a> <small>(lingua franca)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%E2%80%93Shu_Chinese" title="Ba–Shu Chinese">Ba–Shu</a> <small>(extinct)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiang_Chinese" title="Xiang Chinese">Xiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuanese_Standard_Chinese" title="Sichuanese Standard Chinese">Sichuanese Standard Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khams_Tibetan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Khams Tibetan language">Kham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiarongic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiarongic languages">Jiarongic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiangic_languages" title="Qiangic languages">Qiangic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuosu_language" title="Nuosu language">Nuosu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tourist attractions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bailu,_Pengzhou" title="Bailu, Pengzhou">Bailu, Pengzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dujiangyan_Irrigation_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Dujiangyan Irrigation System">Dujiangyan Irrigation System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gsumge_Mani_Stone_Castle" title="Gsumge Mani Stone Castle">Gsumge Mani Stone Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huanglong_Scenic_and_Historic_Interest_Area" title="Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area">Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiuzhaigou" title="Jiuzhaigou">Jiuzhaigou Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leshan_Giant_Buddha" title="Leshan Giant Buddha">Leshan Giant Buddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Emei" title="Mount Emei">Mount Emei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Gongga" title="Mount Gongga">Mount Gongga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Qingcheng" title="Mount Qingcheng">Mount Qingcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanxingdui" title="Sanxingdui">Sanxingdui</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jinsha_site" title="Jinsha site">Jinsha archaeological sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_Giant_Panda_Sanctuaries" title="Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries">Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Cliff_Buddhist_Sculptures" title="Southern Cliff Buddhist Sculptures">Southern Cliff Buddhist Sculptures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Sichuan" title="Category:Sichuan">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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