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Ichthyosauromorpha - Wikipedia

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interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichthyosauromorpha" title="Ichthyosauromorpha – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ichthyosauromorpha" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichthyosauromorpha" title="Ichthyosauromorpha – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ichthyosauromorpha" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichthyosauromorpha" title="Ichthyosauromorpha – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ichthyosauromorpha" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Clade of marine reptiles</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Ichthyosauromorpha<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <br /><a href="/wiki/Early_Triassic" title="Early Triassic">Early Triassic</a> - <a href="/wiki/Late_Cretaceous" title="Late Cretaceous">Late Cretaceous</a>, <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">251.3–90&#160;<a href="/wiki/Megaannum" class="mw-redirect" title="Megaannum">Ma</a></span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:128.95384615385px; width:60.584615384615px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:134.94461538462px; width:54.593846153846px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:135.94461538462px; width:52.593846153846px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span> Inferred <a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">Permian</a> origins<sup id="cite_ref-Kear2023_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kear2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:HupehsuchusNanchangensis-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/HupehsuchusNanchangensis-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg/220px-HupehsuchusNanchangensis-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/HupehsuchusNanchangensis-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg/330px-HupehsuchusNanchangensis-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/HupehsuchusNanchangensis-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg/440px-HupehsuchusNanchangensis-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3304" data-file-height="916" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i><a href="/wiki/Hupehsuchus_nanchangensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hupehsuchus nanchangensis">Hupehsuchus nanchangensis</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ichthyosaurus_communis_in_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Ichthyosaurus_communis_in_London.jpg/220px-Ichthyosaurus_communis_in_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Ichthyosaurus_communis_in_London.jpg/330px-Ichthyosaurus_communis_in_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Ichthyosaurus_communis_in_London.jpg/440px-Ichthyosaurus_communis_in_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4804" data-file-height="1984" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosaurus_somersetensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Ichthyosaurus somersetensis">Ichthyosaurus somersetensis</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Ichthyosauromorpha" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">Reptilia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Neodiapsida" class="mw-redirect" title="Neodiapsida">Neodiapsida</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;">†</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ichthyosauromorpha</a><br /><small>Motani <i>et al.</i>, 2014</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Subgroups </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Baisesaurus" title="Baisesaurus">Baisesaurus</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Hupehsuchia" title="Hupehsuchia">Hupehsuchia</a></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauriformes" title="Ichthyosauriformes">Ichthyosauriformes</a></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>Ichthyosauromorpha</b> are an extinct <a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">clade</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mesozoic" title="Mesozoic">Mesozoic</a> <a href="/wiki/Marine_reptile" title="Marine reptile">marine reptiles</a> consisting of the <a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauriformes" title="Ichthyosauriformes">Ichthyosauriformes</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hupehsuchia" title="Hupehsuchia">Hupehsuchia</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Node_clade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Node clade (page does not exist)">node clade</a> Ichthyosauromorpha was first defined by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryosuke_Motani&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryosuke Motani (page does not exist)">Ryosuke Motani</a> <i>et al.</i> in 2014 as the group consisting of the <a href="/wiki/Last_common_ancestor" class="mw-redirect" title="Last common ancestor">last common ancestor</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosaurus_communis" class="mw-redirect" title="Ichthyosaurus communis">Ichthyosaurus communis</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hupehsuchus_nanchangensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hupehsuchus nanchangensis">Hupehsuchus nanchangensis</a></i>, and all its descendants. Their <a href="/wiki/Synapomorphies" class="mw-redirect" title="Synapomorphies">synapomorphies</a>, unique derived traits, include: the presence of an anterior flange on the <a href="/wiki/Humerus" title="Humerus">humerus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radius_(bone)" title="Radius (bone)">radius</a>; the lower end of the <a href="/wiki/Ulna" title="Ulna">ulna</a> being as wide as or wider than the upper end, the forelimb being as long as or longer than the hindlimb, the hand having at least three quarters of the length of the upper arm and lower arm combined, the <a href="/wiki/Fibula" title="Fibula">fibula</a> extending behind the level of the thighbone, and the transverse process of the vertebral <a href="/wiki/Neural_arch" class="mw-redirect" title="Neural arch">neural arch</a> being reduced or absent.<sup id="cite_ref-Motani2014_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Motani2014-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ichthyosauromorpha were previously thought to have likely originated in China during the upper <a href="/wiki/Lower_Triassic" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Triassic">Lower Triassic</a> period, about 248 million years ago. However, a 2023 study recorded the fossils of a derived marine ichthyosauromorph (an <a href="/wiki/Ichthyopterygia" title="Ichthyopterygia">ichthyopterygian</a>) in earliest <a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">Triassic</a> rocks of <a href="/wiki/Spitsbergen" title="Spitsbergen">Spitsbergen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, just 2 million years after the <a href="/wiki/Permian%E2%80%93Triassic_extinction_event" title="Permian–Triassic extinction event">Permian–Triassic extinction event</a>. The presence of such a derived ichthyosauromorph so early in the Triassic indicates that the ichthyosauromorphs (and possibly <a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauriformes" title="Ichthyosauriformes">ichthyosauriformes</a>, depending on divergence estimates) originated during the <a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">Permian</a> and were thus survivors of the mass extinction as opposed to ecological successors that evolved following it.<sup id="cite_ref-Kear2023_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kear2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>One branch consists of the Hupehsuchia, and the other of the Ichthyosauriformes, of which <i><a href="/wiki/Cartorhynchus" title="Cartorhynchus">Cartorhynchus</a></i> was a basal member. Other ichthyosauriforms were the <a href="/wiki/Ichthyopterygia" title="Ichthyopterygia">Ichthyopterygia</a>, containing the <a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauria" title="Ichthyosauria">Ichthyosauria</a> and allies. The last ichthyosaurs probably became extinct in the middle <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a>. </p><p>Their relationships with other reptiles are unresolved, due to their highly <a href="/wiki/Derived_(phylogenetics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Derived (phylogenetics)">derived</a> morphology and presumed ancient origins, even in their earliest known representatives,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> though they are usually considered to be <a href="/wiki/Diapsid" title="Diapsid">diapsids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A 2022 study on the early evolution of reptiles classified the Ichthyosauromorpha as basal <a href="/wiki/Archosauromorpha" title="Archosauromorpha">archosauromorphs</a>, forming a clade with the other marine reptile groups <a href="/wiki/Thalattosauria" title="Thalattosauria">Thalattosauria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sauropterygia" title="Sauropterygia">Sauropterygia</a> as sister to the rest of the Archosauromorpha.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A 2023 study describing the Triassic marine reptile <i><a href="/wiki/Prosaurosphargis" title="Prosaurosphargis">Prosaurosphargis</a></i> found a similar placement, albeit instead placing the three marine reptile groups within an expanded <a href="/wiki/Archelosauria" title="Archelosauria">Archelosauria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ichthyosauromorpha&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Clade <b>Ichthyosauromorpha</b> <ul><li>Order <a href="/wiki/Hupehsuchia" title="Hupehsuchia">Hupehsuchia</a></li> <li>Clade <a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauriformes" title="Ichthyosauriformes">Ichthyosauriformes</a> <ul><li>Clade <a href="/wiki/Nasorostra" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasorostra">Nasorostra</a></li> <li>Superorder <a href="/wiki/Ichthyopterygia" title="Ichthyopterygia">Ichthyopterygia</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phylogeny">Phylogeny</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ichthyosauromorpha&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Phylogeny"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The internal phylogenetic structure of the Ichthyosauromorpha is shown by this cladogram: </p> <div class="clade"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1258728058">body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output div.clade,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade p{font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{min-width:0.2em;width:0.2em;padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label::before,.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel::before{content:"\2060 "}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade" style="font-size:100%;line-height:100%;margin:1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><b>Ichthyosauromorpha</b>&#160; </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Hupehsuchia" title="Hupehsuchia">Hupehsuchia</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">&#160;<a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauriformes" title="Ichthyosauriformes">Ichthyosauriformes</a>&#160; </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Nasorostra" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasorostra">Nasorostra</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ichthyopterygia" title="Ichthyopterygia">Ichthyopterygia</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ichthyosauromorpha&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Kear2023-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kear2023_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kear2023_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription 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class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="*_Kingdom:_Animalia_*_Phylum:_Chordata_*_Superclass:_Tetrapoda_*_Clade:_Amniota" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Superclass: <a href="/wiki/Tetrapod" title="Tetrapod">Tetrapoda</a></li> <li><i>Clade</i>: <a href="/wiki/Amniote" title="Amniote">Amniota</a></li></ul> </span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tetrapodomorpha" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tetrapodomorpha" title="Tetrapodomorpha">Tetrapodomorpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Tetrapodomorpha" title="Template:Tetrapodomorpha">Tetrapodomorpha</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reptiliomorpha" title="Reptiliomorpha">Reptiliomorpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Reptiliomorpha" title="Template:Reptiliomorpha">Reptiliomorpha</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sauropsida" title="Sauropsida">Sauropsida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Sauropsida" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sauropsida" title="Sauropsida">Sauropsida</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Sauropsida" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="/wiki/Sauropsida" title="Sauropsida">Sauropsida</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Australothyris" title="Australothyris">Australothyris</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Erpetonyx" title="Erpetonyx">Erpetonyx</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Microleter" title="Microleter">Microleter</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Acleistorhinidae" title="Acleistorhinidae">Acleistorhinidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acleistorhinus" title="Acleistorhinus">Acleistorhinus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carbonodraco" title="Carbonodraco">Carbonodraco</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Colobomycter" title="Colobomycter">Colobomycter</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Delorhynchus" title="Delorhynchus">Delorhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Feeserpeton" title="Feeserpeton">Feeserpeton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karutia" title="Karutia">Karutia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klastomycter&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Klastomycter (page does not exist)">Klastomycter</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Bolosauridae" title="Bolosauridae">Bolosauridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Belebey_(genus)" title="Belebey (genus)">Belebey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bolosaurus" title="Bolosaurus">Bolosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eudibamus" title="Eudibamus">Eudibamus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Mesosaur" title="Mesosaur">Mesosauria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Brazilosaurus" title="Brazilosaurus">Brazilosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mesosaurus" title="Mesosaurus">Mesosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stereosternum" title="Stereosternum">Stereosternum</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Millerettidae" title="Millerettidae">Millerettidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Broomia" title="Broomia">Broomia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heleophilus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Heleophilus (page does not exist)">Heleophilus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Milleretta" title="Milleretta">Milleretta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Millerosaurus" title="Millerosaurus">Millerosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Milleropsis" title="Milleropsis">Milleropsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanomilleretta&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanomilleretta (page does not exist)">Nanomilleretta</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Procolophonia" title="Procolophonia">Procolophonia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Procolophonia" title="Template:Procolophonia">Procolophonia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diapsid" title="Diapsid">Diapsida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesosaurus_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mesosaurus tenuidens"><img alt="Mesosaurus tenuidens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mesosaurus_BW.jpg/120px-Mesosaurus_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mesosaurus_BW.jpg/180px-Mesosaurus_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mesosaurus_BW.jpg/240px-Mesosaurus_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="603" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Milleretta_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Milleretta rubidgei"><img alt="Milleretta rubidgei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Milleretta_BW.jpg/120px-Milleretta_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Milleretta_BW.jpg/180px-Milleretta_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Milleretta_BW.jpg/240px-Milleretta_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="468" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Diapsida" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Diapsid" title="Diapsid">Diapsida</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Diapsida" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position: absolute; transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Diapsid" title="Diapsid">Diapsida</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adelosaurus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Adelosaurus (page does not exist)">Adelosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Claudiosaurus" title="Claudiosaurus">Claudiosaurus</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Cryptovaranoides" title="Cryptovaranoides">Cryptovaranoides</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Dolerosaurus" title="Dolerosaurus">Dolerosaurus</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Elachistosuchus" title="Elachistosuchus">Elachistosuchus</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Eunotosaurus" title="Eunotosaurus">Eunotosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Feralisaurus" title="Feralisaurus">Feralisaurus</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Heleosuchus" title="Heleosuchus">Heleosuchus</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Kenyasaurus" title="Kenyasaurus">Kenyasaurus</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Kudnu" title="Kudnu">Kudnu</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Lanthanolania" title="Lanthanolania">Lanthanolania</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maiothisavros&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Maiothisavros (page does not exist)">Maiothisavros</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microzemiotes&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Microzemiotes (page does not exist)">Microzemiotes</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Orovenator" title="Orovenator">Orovenator</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Palacrodon" title="Palacrodon">Palacrodon</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Palaeagama" title="Palaeagama">Palaeagama</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Saurosternon" title="Saurosternon">Saurosternon</a></i></li> <li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><i><a href="/wiki/Sphodrosaurus" title="Sphodrosaurus">Sphodrosaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Younginidae" title="Younginidae">Younginidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galesphyrus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Galesphyrus (page does not exist)">Galesphyrus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thadeosaurus" title="Thadeosaurus">Thadeosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Youngina" title="Youngina">Youngina</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Tangasauridae" title="Tangasauridae">Tangasauridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acerosodontosaurus" title="Acerosodontosaurus">Acerosodontosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hovasaurus" title="Hovasaurus">Hovasaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tangasaurus" title="Tangasaurus">Tangasaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Weigeltisauridae" title="Weigeltisauridae">Weigeltisauridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Coelurosauravus" title="Coelurosauravus">Coelurosauravus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Glaurung_(reptile)" title="Glaurung (reptile)">Glaurung</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rautiania" title="Rautiania">Rautiania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weigeltisaurus" title="Weigeltisaurus">Weigeltisaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Drepanosaur" title="Drepanosaur">Drepanosauromorpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ancistronychus" title="Ancistronychus">Ancistronychus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Avicranium" title="Avicranium">Avicranium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dolabrosaurus" title="Dolabrosaurus">Dolabrosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drepanosaurus" title="Drepanosaurus">Drepanosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hypuronector" title="Hypuronector">Hypuronector</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzsaurus" title="Kyrgyzsaurus">Kyrgyzsaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Longisquama" title="Longisquama">Longisquama</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Megalancosaurus" title="Megalancosaurus">Megalancosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Protoavis" title="Protoavis">Protoavis</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skybalonyx" title="Skybalonyx">Skybalonyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unguinychus" title="Unguinychus">Unguinychus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vallesaurus" title="Vallesaurus">Vallesaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Kuehneosauridae" title="Kuehneosauridae">Kuehneosauridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Icarosaurus" title="Icarosaurus">Icarosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idiosaura&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Idiosaura (page does not exist)">Idiosaura</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuehneosaurus" title="Kuehneosaurus">Kuehneosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuehneosuchus" title="Kuehneosuchus">Kuehneosuchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pamelina" title="Pamelina">Pamelina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhabdopelix" title="Rhabdopelix">Rhabdopelix</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Choristodera" title="Choristodera">Choristodera</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Choristodera" title="Template:Choristodera">Choristodera</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ichthyosauromorpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Ichthyosauromorpha" title="Template:Ichthyosauromorpha">Ichthyosauromorpha</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Sauropterygia" title="Sauropterygia">Sauropterygia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Sauropterygia" title="Template:Sauropterygia">Sauropterygia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Thalattosauria" title="Thalattosauria">Thalattosauria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Thalattosauria" title="Template:Thalattosauria">Thalattosauria</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sauria" title="Sauria">Sauria</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Crown_group" title="Crown group">Crown</a>-<a href="/wiki/Reptile" title="Reptile">Reptilia</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lepidosauromorpha" title="Lepidosauromorpha">Lepidosauromorpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Lepidosauromorpha" title="Template:Lepidosauromorpha">Lepidosauromorpha</a></li></ul></li> <li>Includes <b><a href="/wiki/Lepidosauria" title="Lepidosauria">Lepidosauria</a></b> <ul><li>includes <a href="/wiki/Rhynchocephalia" title="Rhynchocephalia">rhynchocephalians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Squamata" title="Squamata">squamates</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archelosauria" title="Archelosauria">Archelosauria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archosauromorpha" title="Archosauromorpha">Archosauromorpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Archosauromorpha" title="Template:Archosauromorpha">Archosauromorpha</a></li></ul></li> <li>Includes <b><a href="/wiki/Archosaur" title="Archosaur">Archosauria</a></b> <ul><li>includes <a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">birds</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crocodilia" title="Crocodilia">crocodilians</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pantestudines" title="Pantestudines">Pantestudines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Pantestudines" title="Template:Pantestudines">Pantestudines</a></li></ul></li> <li>Includes <b><a href="/wiki/Turtle" title="Turtle">Testudines</a></b> <ul><li>turtles</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hovasaurus_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hovasaurus boulei"><img alt="Hovasaurus boulei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hovasaurus_BW.jpg/120px-Hovasaurus_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hovasaurus_BW.jpg/180px-Hovasaurus_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hovasaurus_BW.jpg/240px-Hovasaurus_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="576" /></a></span> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Weigeltisaurus_reconstruction.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Weigeltisaurus jaekeli"><img alt="Weigeltisaurus jaekeli" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Weigeltisaurus_reconstruction.png/120px-Weigeltisaurus_reconstruction.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Weigeltisaurus_reconstruction.png/180px-Weigeltisaurus_reconstruction.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Weigeltisaurus_reconstruction.png/240px-Weigeltisaurus_reconstruction.png 2x" data-file-width="1571" data-file-height="939" /></a></span> </p> <span style="display: inline-block; transform: scaleX(-1);"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Megalancosaurus_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Megalancosaurus preonensis"><img alt="Megalancosaurus preonensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Megalancosaurus_BW.jpg/120px-Megalancosaurus_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Megalancosaurus_BW.jpg/180px-Megalancosaurus_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Megalancosaurus_BW.jpg/240px-Megalancosaurus_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="394" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="See_also" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">See also</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Possible sauropsids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Araeoscelidia" title="Araeoscelidia">Araeoscelidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captorhinidae" title="Captorhinidae">Captorhinidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protorothyrididae" title="Protorothyrididae">Protorothyrididae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recumbirostra" title="Recumbirostra">Recumbirostra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varanopidae" title="Varanopidae">Varanopidae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other taxa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anapsid" title="Anapsid">Anapsida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captorhinida" title="Captorhinida">Captorhinida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eureptilia" title="Eureptilia">Eureptilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parareptilia" title="Parareptilia">Parareptilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanthanosuchoidea" title="Lanthanosuchoidea">Lanthanosuchoidea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millerosauria" title="Millerosauria">Millerosauria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procolophonomorpha" title="Procolophonomorpha">Procolophonomorpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankyramorpha" title="Ankyramorpha">Ankyramorpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neodiapsida" class="mw-redirect" title="Neodiapsida">Neodiapsida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eosuchia" title="Eosuchia">Eosuchia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Younginiformes" title="Younginiformes">Younginiformes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avicephala" title="Avicephala">Avicephala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eolacertilia" title="Eolacertilia">Eolacertilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euryapsida" title="Euryapsida">Euryapsida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sauropsida" title="Category:Sauropsida">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ichthyosauromorpha" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ichthyosauromorpha" title="Template:Ichthyosauromorpha"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ichthyosauromorpha" title="Template talk:Ichthyosauromorpha"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ichthyosauromorpha" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ichthyosauromorpha"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ichthyosauromorpha" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ichthyosauromorpha</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="*_Kingdom:_Animalia_*_Phylum:_Chordata_*_Class:_Sauropsida_*_Subclass:_Diapsida_*_Clade:_Neodiapsida" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Sauropsida" title="Sauropsida">Sauropsida</a></li> <li>Subclass: <a href="/wiki/Diapsid" title="Diapsid">Diapsida</a></li> <li><i>Clade</i>: <a href="/wiki/Neodiapsida" class="mw-redirect" title="Neodiapsida">Neodiapsida</a></li></ul> </span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Sauropsida" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sauropsida" title="Sauropsida">Sauropsida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Sauropsida" title="Template:Sauropsida">Sauropsida</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ichthyosauromorpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Ichthyosauromorpha" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ichthyosauromorpha</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ichthyosauromorpha" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ichthyosauromorpha</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Baisesaurus" title="Baisesaurus">Baisesaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hupehsuchia" title="Hupehsuchia">Hupehsuchia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eohupehsuchus" title="Eohupehsuchus">Eohupehsuchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nanchangosaurus" title="Nanchangosaurus">Nanchangosaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hupehsuchidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hupehsuchidae">Hupehsuchidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hupehsuchus" title="Hupehsuchus">Hupehsuchus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parahupehsuchinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Parahupehsuchinae">Parahupehsuchinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eretmorhipis" title="Eretmorhipis">Eretmorhipis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parahupehsuchus" title="Parahupehsuchus">Parahupehsuchus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauriformes" title="Ichthyosauriformes">Ichthyosauriformes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Omphalosauridae" title="Omphalosauridae">Omphalosauridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cartorhynchus" title="Cartorhynchus">Cartorhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Omphalosaurus" title="Omphalosaurus">Omphalosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sclerocormus" title="Sclerocormus">Sclerocormus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ichthyopterygia" title="Ichthyopterygia">Ichthyopterygia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Isfjordosaurus" title="Isfjordosaurus">Isfjordosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chaohusaurus" title="Chaohusaurus">Chaohusaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thaisaurus" title="Thaisaurus">Thaisaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eoichthyosauria" class="mw-redirect" title="Eoichthyosauria">Eoichthyosauria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grippidia" class="mw-redirect" title="Grippidia">Grippidia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Parvinatator" title="Parvinatator">Parvinatator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Utatsusaurus" title="Utatsusaurus">Utatsusaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grippiidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Grippiidae">Grippiidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gulosaurus" title="Gulosaurus">Gulosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grippia" title="Grippia">Grippia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauria" title="Ichthyosauria">Ichthyosauria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hupehsuchus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hupehsuchus nanchangensis"><img alt="Hupehsuchus nanchangensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Hupehsuchus.jpg/140px-Hupehsuchus.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Hupehsuchus.jpg/210px-Hupehsuchus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Hupehsuchus.jpg/280px-Hupehsuchus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2244" data-file-height="1345" /></a></span> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Utatsusaurus_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Utatsusaurus hataii"><img alt="Utatsusaurus hataii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Utatsusaurus_BW.jpg/140px-Utatsusaurus_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Utatsusaurus_BW.jpg/210px-Utatsusaurus_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Utatsusaurus_BW.jpg/280px-Utatsusaurus_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="372" /></a></span> </p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grippia1DB.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grippia longirostris"><img alt="Grippia longirostris" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Grippia1DB.jpg/140px-Grippia1DB.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Grippia1DB.jpg/210px-Grippia1DB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Grippia1DB.jpg/280px-Grippia1DB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="735" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Ichthyosauria" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauria" title="Ichthyosauria">Ichthyosauria</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ichthyosauria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauria" title="Ichthyosauria">Ichthyosauria</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Quasianosteosaurus" title="Quasianosteosaurus">Quasianosteosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tholodus" title="Tholodus">Tholodus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xinminosaurus" title="Xinminosaurus">Xinminosaurus</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cymbospondylidae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cymbospondylidae" title="Cymbospondylidae">Cymbospondylidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cymbospondylus" title="Cymbospondylus">Cymbospondylus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phantomosaurus" title="Phantomosaurus">Phantomosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thalattoarchon" title="Thalattoarchon">Thalattoarchon</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xinminosaurus" title="Xinminosaurus">Xinminosaurus</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Hueneosauria" title="Hueneosauria">Hueneosauria</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cymbospondylidae" title="Cymbospondylidae">Cymbospondylidae</a></b>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mixosauridae" title="Mixosauridae">Mixosauridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Barracudasauroides" title="Barracudasauroides">Barracudasauroides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Contectopalatus" class="mw-redirect" title="Contectopalatus">Contectopalatus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mixosaurus" title="Mixosaurus">Mixosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phalarodon" title="Phalarodon">Phalarodon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Merriamosauria" title="Merriamosauria">Merriamosauria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Besanosaurus" title="Besanosaurus">Besanosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guizhouichthyosaurus" title="Guizhouichthyosaurus">Guizhouichthyosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pessopteryx" title="Pessopteryx">Pessopteryx</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wimanius" title="Wimanius">Wimanius</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shastasauridae" title="Shastasauridae">Shastasauridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Besanosaurus" title="Besanosaurus">Besanosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guanlingsaurus" title="Guanlingsaurus">Guanlingsaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guizhouichthyosaurus" title="Guizhouichthyosaurus">Guizhouichthyosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Himalayasaurus" title="Himalayasaurus">Himalayasaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ichthyotitan" title="Ichthyotitan">Ichthyotitan</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shastasaurus" title="Shastasaurus">Shastasaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shonisaurus" title="Shonisaurus">Shonisaurus</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euichthyosauria" class="mw-redirect" title="Euichthyosauria">Euichthyosauria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Auroroborealia" title="Auroroborealia">Auroroborealia</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Californosaurus" title="Californosaurus">Californosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Callawayia" title="Callawayia">Callawayia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guizhouichthyosaurus" title="Guizhouichthyosaurus">Guizhouichthyosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mikadocephalus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikadocephalus">Mikadocephalus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shonisaurus" title="Shonisaurus">Shonisaurus</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Toretocnemidae" title="Toretocnemidae">Toretocnemidae</a>?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Qianichthyosaurus" title="Qianichthyosaurus">Qianichthyosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toretocnemus" title="Toretocnemus">Toretocnemus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parvipelvia" title="Parvipelvia">Parvipelvia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nomina_dubia" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Nomen_dubium" title="Nomen dubium">Nomina dubia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Barracudasaurus" title="Barracudasaurus">Barracudasaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pachygonosaurus" title="Pachygonosaurus">Pachygonosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pessosaurus" title="Pessosaurus">Pessosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sphaerodontes&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sphaerodontes (page does not exist)">Sphaerodontes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Svalbardosaurus" title="Svalbardosaurus">Svalbardosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tibetosaurus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tibetosaurus (page does not exist)">Tibetosaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cymbospondylus_petrinus_SW_Small.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Cymbospondylus petrinus"><img alt="Cymbospondylus petrinus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Cymbospondylus_petrinus_SW_Small.png/140px-Cymbospondylus_petrinus_SW_Small.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Cymbospondylus_petrinus_SW_Small.png/210px-Cymbospondylus_petrinus_SW_Small.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Cymbospondylus_petrinus_SW_Small.png/280px-Cymbospondylus_petrinus_SW_Small.png 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="475" /></a></span> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PhalarodonDB15.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Phalarodon"><img alt="Phalarodon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/PhalarodonDB15.jpg/140px-PhalarodonDB15.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/PhalarodonDB15.jpg/210px-PhalarodonDB15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/PhalarodonDB15.jpg/280px-PhalarodonDB15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2415" data-file-height="850" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shonisaurus_popularisDB.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shonisaurus popularis"><img alt="Shonisaurus popularis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Shonisaurus_popularisDB.jpg/140px-Shonisaurus_popularisDB.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Shonisaurus_popularisDB.jpg/210px-Shonisaurus_popularisDB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Shonisaurus_popularisDB.jpg/280px-Shonisaurus_popularisDB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span> </p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Californosaurus_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Californosaurus perrini"><img alt="Californosaurus perrini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Californosaurus_BW.jpg/140px-Californosaurus_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Californosaurus_BW.jpg/210px-Californosaurus_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Californosaurus_BW.jpg/280px-Californosaurus_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="288" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Parvipelvia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Parvipelvia" title="Parvipelvia">Parvipelvia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Parvipelvia" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Parvipelvia" title="Parvipelvia">Parvipelvia</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hudsonelpidia" title="Hudsonelpidia">Hudsonelpidia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macgowania" title="Macgowania">Macgowania</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Neoichthyosauria" class="mw-redirect" title="Neoichthyosauria">Neoichthyosauria</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dearcmhara" title="Dearcmhara">Dearcmhara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hauffiopteryx" title="Hauffiopteryx">Hauffiopteryx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suevoleviathan" title="Suevoleviathan">Suevoleviathan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Temnodontosauroidea?" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Temnodontosauroidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Temnodontosauroidea">Temnodontosauroidea</a>?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i><a href="/wiki/Temnodontosaurus" title="Temnodontosaurus">Temnodontosaurus</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leptonectidae" title="Leptonectidae">Leptonectidae</a>?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Eurhinosaurus" title="Eurhinosaurus">Eurhinosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Excalibosaurus" title="Excalibosaurus">Excalibosaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leptonectes" title="Leptonectes">Leptonectes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wahlisaurus" title="Wahlisaurus">Wahlisaurus</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Thunnosauria" title="Thunnosauria">Thunnosauria</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ichthyosauridae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosauridae" title="Ichthyosauridae">Ichthyosauridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosaurus" title="Ichthyosaurus">Ichthyosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Malawania" title="Malawania">Malawania</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Protoichthyosaurus" title="Protoichthyosaurus">Protoichthyosaurus</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Baracromia" class="mw-redirect" title="Baracromia">Baracromia</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chacaicosaurus" title="Chacaicosaurus">Chacaicosaurus</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stenopterygiidae" title="Stenopterygiidae">Stenopterygiidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Magnipterygius" title="Magnipterygius">Magnipterygius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stenopterygius" title="Stenopterygius">Stenopterygius</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ophthalmosauria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;-webkit-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-moz-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-ms-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);-o-transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);"><a href="/wiki/Ophthalmosauria" class="mw-redirect" title="Ophthalmosauria">Ophthalmosauria</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Argovisaurus" title="Argovisaurus">Argovisaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Delphinosaurus" title="Delphinosaurus">Delphinosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macropterygius" title="Macropterygius">Macropterygius</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ophthalmosauridae" title="Ophthalmosauridae">Ophthalmosauridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Arthropterygius" title="Arthropterygius">Arthropterygius</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gengasaurus" title="Gengasaurus">Gengasaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jabalisaurus" title="Jabalisaurus">Jabalisaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Janusaurus" title="Janusaurus">Janusaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myobradypterygius" title="Myobradypterygius">Myobradypterygius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nannopterygius" title="Nannopterygius">Nannopterygius</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palvennia" title="Palvennia">Palvennia</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thalassodraco" title="Thalassodraco">Thalassodraco</a></i>?</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ophthalmosaurinae" title="Ophthalmosaurinae">Ophthalmosaurinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acamptonectes" title="Acamptonectes">Acamptonectes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baptanodon" title="Baptanodon">Baptanodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mollesaurus" title="Mollesaurus">Mollesaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ophthalmosaurus" title="Ophthalmosaurus">Ophthalmosaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Platypterygiidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Platypterygiidae">Platypterygiidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acuetzpalin" title="Acuetzpalin">Acuetzpalin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aegirosaurus" title="Aegirosaurus">Aegirosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arthropterygius" title="Arthropterygius">Arthropterygius</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Athabascasaurus" title="Athabascasaurus">Athabascasaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brachypterygius" title="Brachypterygius">Brachypterygius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catutosaurus" title="Catutosaurus">Catutosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cryopterygius" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryopterygius">Cryopterygius</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grendelius" title="Grendelius">Grendelius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Janusaurus" title="Janusaurus">Janusaurus</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstanosaurus" title="Kazakhstanosaurus">Kazakhstanosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Keilhauia" title="Keilhauia">Keilhauia</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muiscasaurus" title="Muiscasaurus">Muiscasaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Palvennia" title="Palvennia">Palvennia</a></i>?</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parrassaurus" title="Parrassaurus">Parrassaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pervushovisaurus" title="Pervushovisaurus">Pervushovisaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sumpalla" title="Sumpalla">Sumpalla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sveltonectes" title="Sveltonectes">Sveltonectes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Undorosaurus" title="Undorosaurus">Undorosaurus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Platypterygiinae" title="Platypterygiinae">Platypterygiinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Caypullisaurus" title="Caypullisaurus">Caypullisaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kyhytysuka" title="Kyhytysuka">Kyhytysuka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leninia" title="Leninia">Leninia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maiaspondylus" title="Maiaspondylus">Maiaspondylus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Platypterygius" title="Platypterygius">Platypterygius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plutoniosaurus" title="Plutoniosaurus">Plutoniosaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Simbirskiasaurus" title="Simbirskiasaurus">Simbirskiasaurus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sisteronia" title="Sisteronia">Sisteronia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Excalibosaurus_BW.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Excalibosaurus costini"><img alt="Excalibosaurus costini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Excalibosaurus_BW.jpg/140px-Excalibosaurus_BW.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Excalibosaurus_BW.jpg/210px-Excalibosaurus_BW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Excalibosaurus_BW.jpg/280px-Excalibosaurus_BW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="665" data-file-height="269" /></a></span> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ophthalmosaurus_icenicus_updated_reconstruction.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Ophthalmosaurus icenicus"><img alt="Ophthalmosaurus icenicus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Ophthalmosaurus_icenicus_updated_reconstruction.png/140px-Ophthalmosaurus_icenicus_updated_reconstruction.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Ophthalmosaurus_icenicus_updated_reconstruction.png/210px-Ophthalmosaurus_icenicus_updated_reconstruction.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Ophthalmosaurus_icenicus_updated_reconstruction.png/280px-Ophthalmosaurus_icenicus_updated_reconstruction.png 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span> </p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Platypterigius_longmani_DB.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Platypterigius longmani"><img alt="Platypterigius longmani" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Platypterigius_longmani_DB.jpg/140px-Platypterigius_longmani_DB.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Platypterigius_longmani_DB.jpg/210px-Platypterigius_longmani_DB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Platypterigius_longmani_DB.jpg/280px-Platypterigius_longmani_DB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="707" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related_categories" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related categories</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ichthyosaurs" title="Category:Ichthyosaurs">Ichthyosaurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Marine_reptiles" title="Category:Marine reptiles">Marine reptiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Triassic_reptiles" title="Category:Triassic reptiles">Triassic reptiles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Ichthyosauromorpha</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534275" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q18534275">Q18534275</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ichthyosauromorpha" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Ichthyosauromorpha">Ichthyosauromorpha</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=341194">341194</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐gdkxt Cached time: 20241124142524 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