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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nòtas_e_referéncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Nòtas e referéncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nòtas_e_referéncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Somari" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 74 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 lengas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskrete_wiskunde" title="Diskrete wiskunde - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Diskrete wiskunde" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematica_discreta" title="Matematica discreta - aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Matematica discreta" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B9%D8%A9" title="رياضيات متقطعة - arabi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رياضيات متقطعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matem%C3%A1tiques_discretes" title="Matemátiques discretes - asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Matemátiques discretes" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskret_riyaziyyat" title="Diskret riyaziyyat - azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Diskret riyaziyyat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B6%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="دیسکرت ریاضیات - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دیسکرت ریاضیات" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дыскрэтная матэматыка - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дыскрэтная матэматыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дыскрэтная матэматыка - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дыскрэтная матэматыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дискретна математика - bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дискретна математика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4" title="বিচ্ছিন্ন গণিত - bengalin" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিচ্ছিন্ন গণিত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskretna_matematika" title="Diskretna matematika - bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Diskretna matematika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matem%C3%A0tica_discreta" title="Matemàtica discreta - catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Matemàtica discreta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskr%C3%A9tn%C3%AD_matematika" title="Diskrétní matematika - chèc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Diskrétní matematika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дискретлă математика - chovash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Дискретлă математика" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chovash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskret_matematik" title="Diskret matematik - danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Diskret matematik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskrete_Mathematik" title="Diskrete Mathematik - alemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Diskrete Mathematik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AC_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC" title="Διακριτά μαθηματικά - grèc" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διακριτά μαθηματικά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_mathematics" title="Discrete mathematics - anglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Discrete mathematics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskreta_matematiko" title="Diskreta matematiko - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Diskreta matematiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matem%C3%A1tica_discreta" title="Matemática discreta - espanhòl" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Matemática discreta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhòl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskreetne_matemaatika" title="Diskreetne matemaatika - estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Diskreetne matemaatika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematika_diskretu" title="Matematika diskretu - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Matematika diskretu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B6%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DA%AF%D8%B3%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87" title="ریاضیات گسسته - perse" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ریاضیات گسسته" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskreetti_matematiikka" title="Diskreetti matematiikka - finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Diskreetti matematiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Math%C3%A9matiques_discr%C3%A8tes" title="Mathématiques discrètes - francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mathématiques discrètes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matem%C3%A1tica_discreta" title="Matemática discreta - galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Matemática discreta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%93%D7%99%D7%93%D7%94" title="מתמטיקה בדידה - ebrèu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מתמטיקה בדידה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebrèu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4" title="विविक्त गणित - Indi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विविक्त गणित" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Indi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskretna_matematika" title="Diskretna matematika - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Diskretna matematika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diszkr%C3%A9t_matematika" title="Diszkrét matematika - ongrés" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Diszkrét matematika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ongrés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%BF_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Դիսկրետ մաթեմատիկա - armèni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դիսկրետ մաթեմատիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armèni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematika_diskrit" title="Matematika diskrit - indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Matematika diskrit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematica_discreta" title="Matematica discreta - italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Matematica discreta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E6%95%A3%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6" title="離散数学 - japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="離散数学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="დისკრეტული მათემატიკა - georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დისკრეტული მათემატიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дискреттік математика - cazac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дискреттік математика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%B0%EC%88%98%ED%95%99" title="이산수학 - corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이산수학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дискреттик математика - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Дискреттик математика" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematica_discreta" title="Mathematica discreta - latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mathematica discreta" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematega_discreta" title="Matematega discreta - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Matematega discreta" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskre%C4%8Dioji_matematika" title="Diskrečioji matematika - lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Diskrečioji matematika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskr%C4%93t%C4%81_matem%C4%81tika" title="Diskrētā matemātika - leton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Diskrētā matemātika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="leton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="വിവേചന ഗണിതശാസ്ത്രം - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിവേചന ഗണിതശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4" title="विविक्त गणित - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विविक्त गणित" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematik_diskret" title="Matematik diskret - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Matematik diskret" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%85%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B9%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC" title="ပိုင်းစသီးခြားသင်္ချာ - birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပိုင်းစသီးခြားသင်္ချာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_wiskunde" title="Discrete wiskunde - neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Discrete wiskunde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskret_matematikk" title="Diskret matematikk - norvegian nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Diskret matematikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegian nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskret_matematikk" title="Diskret matematikk - norvegian bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Diskret matematikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematyka_dyskretna" title="Matematyka dyskretna - polonés" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Matematyka dyskretna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matem%C3%A0tica_discreta" title="Matemàtica discreta - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Matemàtica discreta" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matem%C3%A1tica_discreta" title="Matemática discreta - portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Matemática discreta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematic%C4%83_discret%C4%83" title="Matematică discretă - romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Matematică discretă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дискретная математика - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дискретная математика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskretna_matematika" title="Diskretna matematika - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Diskretna matematika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_mathematics" title="Discrete mathematics - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Discrete mathematics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskr%C3%A9tna_matematika" title="Diskrétna matematika - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Diskrétna matematika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskretna_matematika" title="Diskretna matematika - eslovèn" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Diskretna matematika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovèn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematika_diskrete" title="Matematika diskrete - albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Matematika diskrete" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дискретна математика - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дискретна математика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diskret_matematik" title="Diskret matematik - suedés" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Diskret matematik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இலக்கமியல் கணிதம் - tamol" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இலக்கமியல் கணிதம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%91%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Риёзиёти гусаста - tajic" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Риёзиёти гусаста" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="วิยุตคณิต - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิยุตคณิต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematikang_diskreto" title="Matematikang diskreto - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Matematikang diskreto" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayr%C4%B1k_matematik" title="Ayrık matematik - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ayrık matematik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дискретна математика - ucrainés" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дискретна математика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucrainés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B6%DB%8C" title="متفرد ریاضی - ordó" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="متفرد ریاضی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ordó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chekli_matematika" title="Chekli matematika - ozbèc" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Chekli matematika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbèc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/To%C3%A1n_h%E1%BB%8Dc_r%E1%BB%9Di_r%E1%BA%A1c" title="Toán học rời rạc - vietnamian" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Toán học rời rạc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E6%95%A3%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6" title="离散数学 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="离散数学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%A2_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7" title="דיסקרעטע מאטעמאטיק - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דיסקרעטע מאטעמאטיק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E6%95%A3%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6" title="离散数学 - chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="离散数学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E6%95%A3%E6%95%B8%E5%AD%B8" title="離散數學 - 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class="mw-parser-output"><span title="Aqueste article es redigit en provençau."><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="//oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proven%C3%A7au"><img alt="Aqueste article es redigit en provençau." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/30px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/45px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_Provence.svg/60px-Flag_of_Provence.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipèdia, l'enciclopèdia liura.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="oc" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichi%C3%A8r:DiscreteGraph.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/DiscreteGraph.svg/220px-DiscreteGraph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/DiscreteGraph.svg/330px-DiscreteGraph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/DiscreteGraph.svg/440px-DiscreteGraph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="179" data-file-height="155" /></a><figcaption>Exemple de graf discrèt.</figcaption></figure> <p>Lei <b>matematicas discrètas</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> son la branca dei <a href="/wiki/Matematicas" title="Matematicas">matematicas</a> qu'estúdia leis estructuras discrètas, per oposicion ais estructuras continuas. D'efiech, la natura dei valors discrètas a de consequéncias importantas sus l'estudi d'aqueleis ensembles coma l'impossibilitat d'utilizar lo <a href="/wiki/Calcul_diferenciau" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcul diferenciau">calcul diferenciau</a> e leis otís tradicionaus de l'<a href="/wiki/Analisi_matematica" title="Analisi matematica">analisi</a>. Pasmens, l'interès per aqueu domeni foguèt lòngtemps feble en causa de l'abséncia d'aplicacions vertadieras. Aquò cambièt amb l'aparicion de l'<a href="/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica">informatica</a> car fòrça brancas dei <a href="/wiki/Tecnologias_de_l%27informacion" title="Tecnologias de l'informacion">tecnologias de l'informacion</a> modèrnas utilizan de donadas discrètas per foncionar. Ansin, lei matematicas discrètas an conegut de transformacions importantas dins leis <a href="/wiki/Ans_1980" title="Ans 1980">ans 1980</a>, çò que permetèt d'estructurar son <a href="/wiki/Educacion" title="Educacion">ensenhament</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liames_intèrnes"><span id="Liames_int.C3.A8rnes"></span>Liames intèrnes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matematicas_discr%C3%A8tas&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modificar la seccion : Liames intèrnes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matematicas_discr%C3%A8tas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Liames intèrnes"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matematicas" title="Matematicas">Matematicas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecnologias_de_l%27informacion" title="Tecnologias de l'informacion">Tecnologias de l'informacion</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matematicas_discr%C3%A8tas&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modificar la seccion : Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matematicas_discr%C3%A8tas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Bibliografia"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Martin Aigner (trad. David Kramer), <i>Discrete mathematics</i>, American Mathematical Society, 2008.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Angl%C3%A9s" title="Anglés">(en)</a></b> Norman L. Biggs, <i>Discrete Mathematics</i>, Oxford University Press, 2002.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nòtas_e_referéncias"><span id="N.C3.B2tas_e_refer.C3.A9ncias"></span>Nòtas e referéncias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matematicas_discr%C3%A8tas&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modificar la seccion : Nòtas e referéncias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matematicas_discr%C3%A8tas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edita el codi de la secció: Nòtas e referéncias"><span>Modificar lo còdi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lo tèrme « matematicas finidas » es de còps emplegat per designar la disciplina quand estúdia d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ensemble_(matematicas)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ensemble (matematicas) (la pagina existís pas)">ensembles</a> discrèts finits.</span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Recuperada de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matematicas_discrètas&oldid=2376392">https://oc.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matematicas_discrètas&oldid=2376392</a> »</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categorias de la pagina</a> : <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categoria:P%C3%A0gines_amb_mides_d%27imatge_que_contenen_px_addicionals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categoria:Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals (la pagina existís pas)">Pàgines amb mides d'imatge que contenen px addicionals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Article_redigit_en_proven%C3%A7au" title="Categoria:Article redigit en provençau">Article redigit en provençau</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Aquela pagina es estada modificada pel darrièr còp lo 16 mai de 2023 a 12.34.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia:Drech_d%27autor" title="Wikipèdia:Drech d'autor">Drech d'autor</a> : Los tèxtes son disponibles jos <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licéncia Creative Commons paternitat pertatge a l’identic</a> ; d’autras condicions se pòdon aplicar. 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