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</a> <ul id="toc-1872_to_1945:_Free_School_of_Political_Sciences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1945:_Refoundation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1945:_Refoundation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 1945: Refoundation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1945:_Refoundation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1945_to_1996:_The_Chapsal-Gentot-Lancelot_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1945_to_1996:_The_Chapsal-Gentot-Lancelot_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 1945 to 1996: The Chapsal-Gentot-Lancelot era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1945_to_1996:_The_Chapsal-Gentot-Lancelot_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1996_to_2012:_The_Descoings_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1996_to_2012:_The_Descoings_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 1996 to 2012: The Descoings era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1996_to_2012:_The_Descoings_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2013_to_2024:_The_Mion-Vicherat_directorate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2013_to_2024:_The_Mion-Vicherat_directorate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 2013 to 2024: The Mion-Vicherat directorate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2013_to_2024:_The_Mion-Vicherat_directorate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campuses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campuses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Campuses </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campuses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Campuses subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Campuses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Paris" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paris"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Paris </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paris-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dijon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dijon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Dijon </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dijon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Le_Havre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Le_Havre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Le Havre </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Le_Havre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Menton" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Menton"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Menton </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Menton-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nancy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nancy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Nancy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nancy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poitiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poitiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Poitiers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poitiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Reims </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Organisation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Organisation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Governance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Finances </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Education </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Education subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Undergraduate_level" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Undergraduate_level"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Undergraduate level </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Undergraduate_level-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Graduate_level" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Graduate_level"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Graduate level </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Graduate_level-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Schools </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Library_and_publishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Library_and_publishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Library and publishing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Library_and_publishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_lectures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_lectures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Public lectures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_lectures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reputation_and_rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reputation_and_rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Reputation and rankings </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reputation_and_rankings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Reputation and rankings subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Reputation_and_rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 National rankings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 International rankings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reputation_and_criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reputation_and_criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Reputation and criticism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reputation_and_criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Controversies </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Controversies subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Duhamel_scandal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Duhamel_scandal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Duhamel scandal </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Duhamel_scandal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_violence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_violence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Sexual violence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_violence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Racialism"_and_social_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Racialism"_and_social_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 "Racialism" and social issues </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Racialism"_and_social_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_scandals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_scandals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Financial scandals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_scandals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Access_to_the_Bar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Access_to_the_Bar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Access to the Bar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Access_to_the_Bar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Notable people </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notable people subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Alumni </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.1 Politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diplomacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diplomacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.2 Diplomacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diplomacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.3 Other </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Notable staff </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidents_of_the_FNSP_and_directors_of_Sciences_Po" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidents_of_the_FNSP_and_directors_of_Sciences_Po"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Presidents of the FNSP and directors of Sciences Po </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidents_of_the_FNSP_and_directors_of_Sciences_Po-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_foundation_of_Sciences_Po_(FNSP)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_foundation_of_Sciences_Po_(FNSP)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.1 National foundation of Sciences Po (FNSP) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_foundation_of_Sciences_Po_(FNSP)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sciences_Po" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sciences_Po"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3.2 Sciences Po </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sciences_Po-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Sciences Po</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" > 65 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d’études politiques de Paris – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Institut d’études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d’études politiques de Paris – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Institut d’études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="معهد الدراسات السياسية بباريس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معهد الدراسات السياسية بباريس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutu_d%27Estudios_Pol%C3%ADticos_de_Par%C3%ADs" title="Institutu d'Estudios Políticos de París – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Institutu d'Estudios Políticos de París" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyasi_Ara%C5%9Fd%C4%B1rmalar_%C4%B0nstitutu_(Paris)" title="Siyasi Araşdırmalar İnstitutu (Paris) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Siyasi Araşdırmalar İnstitutu (Paris)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6" title="Институт за политически науки в Париж – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Институт за политически науки в Париж" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciences_Po" title="Sciences Po – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sciences Po" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27Estudis_Pol%C3%ADtics_de_Par%C3%ADs" title="Institut d'Estudis Polítics de París – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Institut d'Estudis Polítics de París" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d’études politiques de Paris – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Institut d’études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pariisi_Poliitikauuringute_Instituut" title="Pariisi Poliitikauuringute Instituut – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pariisi Poliitikauuringute Instituut" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%BF_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%A3%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B4%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Ινστιτούτο Πολιτικών Σπουδών του Παρισιού – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ινστιτούτο Πολιτικών Σπουδών του Παρισιού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_de_Estudios_Pol%C3%ADticos_de_Par%C3%ADs" title="Instituto de Estudios Políticos de París – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Instituto de Estudios Políticos de París" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_pri_Politikaj_Studoj_de_Parizo" title="Instituto pri Politikaj Studoj de Parizo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Instituto pri Politikaj Studoj de Parizo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parisko_Ikasketa_Politikoetako_Institutua" title="Parisko Ikasketa Politikoetako Institutua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Parisko Ikasketa Politikoetako Institutua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%B3%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="مؤسسه مطالعات سیاسی پاریس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مؤسسه مطالعات سیاسی پاریس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_de_Estudos_Pol%C3%ADticos_de_Par%C3%ADs" title="Instituto de Estudos Políticos de París – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Instituto de Estudos Políticos de París" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%A6%AC_%EC%A0%95%EC%B9%98_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99" title="파리 정치 대학 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파리 정치 대학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF_(%D5%93%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A6)" title="Քաղաքական հետազոտությունների ինստիտուտ (Փարիզ) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քաղաքական հետազոտությունների ինստիտուտ (Փարիզ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_Ilmu_Politik_Paris" title="Institut Ilmu Politik Paris – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Institut Ilmu Politik Paris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istituto_di_studi_politici_di_Parigi" title="Istituto di studi politici di Parigi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Istituto di studi politici di Parigi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A2_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%96" title="המכון למדע המדינה פריז – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המכון למדע המדינה פריז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_%C3%88lmu_Pulitik_Paris" title="Institut Èlmu Pulitik Paris – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Institut Èlmu Pulitik Paris" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="პარიზის პოლიტიკური კვლევების ინსტიტუტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პარიზის პოლიტიკური კვლევების ინსტიტუტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutum_Scientiarum_Politicarum_Parisiense" title="Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Institutum Scientiarum Politicarum Parisiense" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par%C4%ABzes_Politikas_zin%C4%81tnes_instit%C5%ABts" title="Parīzes Politikas zinātnes institūts – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Parīzes Politikas zinātnes institūts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1rizsi_Politikai_Tanulm%C3%A1nyok_Int%C3%A9zete" title="Párizsi Politikai Tanulmányok Intézete – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Párizsi Politikai Tanulmányok Intézete" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D9%88" title="ساينس پو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساينس پو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%89tudes_Politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciences_Po" title="Sciences Po – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sciences Po" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%AA%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="パリ政治学院 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パリ政治学院" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciences_Po" title="Sciences Po – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sciences Po" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciences_Po_Paris" title="Sciences Po Paris – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sciences Po Paris" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instytut_Nauk_Politycznych_w_Pary%C5%BCu" title="Instytut Nauk Politycznych w Paryżu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Instytut Nauk Politycznych w Paryżu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_de_Estudos_Pol%C3%ADticos_de_Paris" title="Instituto de Estudos Políticos de Paris – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Instituto de Estudos Políticos de Paris" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_(%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6)" title="Институт политических исследований (Париж) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Институт политических исследований (Париж)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituti_i_Studimeve_Politike_i_Parisit" title="Instituti i Studimeve Politike i Parisit – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Instituti i Studimeve Politike i Parisit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciences_Po" title="Sciences Po – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sciences Po" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d’études politiques de Paris – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Institut d’études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Париски институт политичких наука – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Париски институт политичких наука" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d’études politiques de Paris – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Institut d’études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris" title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Institut d'études politiques de Paris" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciences_Po" title="Sciences Po – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Sciences Po" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4y%C3%A4si_tik%C5%9Feren%C3%BCl%C3%A4r_institut%C4%B1_(Parij)" title="Säyäsi tikşerenülär institutı (Parij) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Säyäsi tikşerenülär institutı (Parij)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_Siyasi_Bilimler_Akademisi" title="Paris Siyasi Bilimler Akademisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Paris Siyasi Bilimler Akademisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_(%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6)" title="Інститут політичних досліджень (Париж) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інститут політичних досліджень (Париж)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other name</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Sciences Po</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former name</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">École libre des sciences politiques</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><div lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: Aux racines de l'avenir</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">At the roots of the future</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">Public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> <a href="/wiki/Grande_%C3%A9cole" title="Grande école">Grande école</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Grand_%C3%A9tablissement" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand établissement">Grand établissement</a> <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut d'études politiques">Institut d'études politiques</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1872; 152 years ago (1872)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Boutmy" title="Émile Boutmy">Émile Boutmy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%E2%82%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="€">€</a>127.2 million (2018)<a href="#cite_note-Governance_&_Budget-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">€197 million (2018)<a href="#cite_note-Governance_&_Budget-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chairperson</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Bertrand_Dorl%C3%A9ac" title="Laurence Bertrand Dorléac">Laurence Bertrand Dorléac</a> (<a href="#National_foundation_of_Sciences_Po_(FNSP)">FNSP</a>)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Vassy" title="Luis Vassy">Luis Vassy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Guriev" title="Sergei Guriev">Sergei Guriev</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">300<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">15,000<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4,000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">10,000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">Doctoral students</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">350</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nancy,_France" title="Nancy, France">Nancy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dijon" title="Dijon">Dijon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poitiers" title="Poitiers">Poitiers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Menton" title="Menton">Menton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Le_Havre" title="Le Havre">Le Havre</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reims" title="Reims">Reims</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">France</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Sciences_Po&params=48_51_15_N_2_19_43_E_region:FR_type:edu">48°51′15″N 2°19′43″E / 48.85417°N 2.32861°E / 48.85417; 2.32861</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> (official, university-wide) <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> (working language at the <a href="#Campuses#Nancy_campus">Nancy campus</a>)<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> (working language at the <a href="/wiki/Poitiers_Campus,_Sciences_Po" title="Poitiers Campus, Sciences Po">Poitiers campus</a>)<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Printing house</th><td class="infobox-data">Sciences Po Press</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colours</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Red White</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Educational_policies_and_initiatives_of_the_European_Union" title="Educational policies and initiatives of the European Union">CIVICA</a> <a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_Paris_Cit%C3%A9_(group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorbonne Paris Cité (group)">Sorbonne Paris Cité</a> <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Professional_Schools_of_International_Affairs" title="Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs">APSIA</a> <a href="/wiki/Couperin_(consortium)" title="Couperin (consortium)">COUPERIN</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Conf%C3%A9rence_des_Grandes_%C3%A9coles" title="Conférence des Grandes écoles">CGE</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Mascot</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Prince#In_what_way_princes_should_keep_their_word_(Chapter_18)" title="The Prince">The lion and the fox</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/en">sciencespo.fr</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_Sciences_Po.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Logo_Sciences_Po.svg/220px-Logo_Sciences_Po.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Logo_Sciences_Po.svg/330px-Logo_Sciences_Po.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Logo_Sciences_Po.svg/440px-Logo_Sciences_Po.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="56" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> Sciences Po (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>French: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[sjɑ̃s po]</a>) or Sciences Po Paris, also known as the Paris Institute of Political Studies (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: Institut d'études politiques de Paris), is a private and public<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France, that holds the status of <a href="/wiki/Grande_%C3%A9cole" title="Grande école">grande école</a> and the legal status of <a href="/wiki/Grands_%C3%A9tablissements" title="Grands établissements">grand établissement</a>. The university's undergraduate program is taught on the Paris campus as well as on the decentralized campuses in <a href="/wiki/Dijon" title="Dijon">Dijon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Le_Havre" title="Le Havre">Le Havre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Menton" title="Menton">Menton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nancy,_France" title="Nancy, France">Nancy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poitiers" title="Poitiers">Poitiers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reims" title="Reims">Reims</a>, each with their own academic program focused on a geopolitical part of the world. While Sciences Po historically specialized in <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a>, it progressively expanded to other <a href="/wiki/Social_science" title="Social science">social sciences</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">law</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sociology" title="Sociology">sociology</a>. The school was established in 1872 by <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Boutmy" title="Émile Boutmy">Émile Boutmy</a> as the École libre des sciences politiques in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a> as a private institution to form a new French elite that would be knowledgeable in political science, law and history.<a href="#cite_note-:0-13">[13]</a> It was a pioneer in the emergence and development of political science as an academic field in France.<a href="#cite_note-:0-13">[13]</a> Following <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the school was nationalized and re-established as a public institution.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14">[14]</a> As of 2021, 80% of Sciences Po graduates are employed in the private sector.<a href="#cite_note-Adenor-15">[15]</a> Sciences Po Paris is the only Institute of Political Sciences in France allowed to refer to itself with the epithet "Sciences Po" without indicating the name of the city where their headquarters are located, under a legal agreement with the other institutes.<a href="#cite_note-Chillaud-16">[16]</a> They are allowed to use the term "Sciences Po" to refer to themselves only when followed by the names of the cities where they are located, such as "<a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Lille" title="Sciences Po Lille">Sciences Po Lille</a>" or "<a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Grenoble" class="mw-redirect" title="Sciences Po Grenoble">Sciences Po Grenoble</a>".<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> The institute is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Professional_Schools_of_International_Affairs" title="Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs">Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs</a> (APSIA) and CIVICA – The European University of Social Sciences.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1872_to_1945:_Free_School_of_Political_Sciences">1872 to 1945: Free School of Political Sciences</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1872 to 1945: Free School of Political Sciences">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%89mile_Boutmy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/%C3%89mile_Boutmy.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="273" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="273" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Boutmy" title="Émile Boutmy">Émile Boutmy</a>, Sciences Po founder</figcaption></figure> Sciences Po was established in December 1871<a href="#cite_note-:10-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[a]</a> as the École libre des sciences politiques (ELSP) by a group of French intellectuals, politicians and businessmen led by <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Boutmy" title="Émile Boutmy">Émile Boutmy</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Taine" title="Hippolyte Taine">Hippolyte Taine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Renan" title="Ernest Renan">Ernest Renan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Sorel" title="Albert Sorel">Albert Sorel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Paul_Leroy-Beaulieu" title="Pierre Paul Leroy-Beaulieu">Paul Leroy Beaulieu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-21">[20]</a> The creation of the school was in response to widespread fears that the inadequacy of the education of the French political elite corps would diminish the country's international stature, as France grappled with a series of crises, including its defeat in the 1870 <a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a>,<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> the demise of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">regime</a>, and the upheaval and massacre resulting from the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a>. The founders of the school sought to reform the training of the French political and economic elite by establishing a new "breeding ground where nearly all the major, non-technical state commissioners were trained."<a href="#cite_note-purpose-23">[22]</a> His innovative intellectual axis was to teach contemporary history, whereas political elites had only been taught ancient humanities for centuries, which they could still learn in universities at the same time.<a href="#cite_note-monde-diplomatique.fr-24">[23]</a> The École acquired a major role in <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_France" title="Politics of France">France's political system</a>. From 1901 to 1935, 92.5% of entrants to the <a href="/wiki/Grands_corps_de_l%27%C3%89tat" title="Grands corps de l'État">Grands corps de l'État</a>, the most powerful and prestigious administrative bodies in the <a href="/wiki/French_Civil_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="French Civil Service">French Civil Service</a>, had studied there (this figure includes people who took civil service examination preparatory classes at Sciences Po but did not earn a degree and, in general, students were taking classes there on top of earning a degree at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris" title="University of Paris">University of Paris</a>, in particular the Law Faculty).<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> Other countries created similar schools in the following century. In 1875, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istituto_Cesare_Alfieri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istituto Cesare Alfieri (page does not exist)">Istituto Cesare Alfieri</a> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istituto_Cesare_Alfieri" class="extiw" title="it:Istituto Cesare Alfieri">it</a>] in Italy (now part of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Florence" title="University of Florence">University of Florence</a>), at the end of the century, the École libre des sciences Politiques et Sociales in Belgium (not existing any more), the <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Hochschule_f%C3%BCr_Politik" title="Deutsche Hochschule für Politik">Deutsche Hochschule für Politik</a> in Germany, the Columbia School of Political Science (now merged into the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Graduate_School_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences">Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences</a>), the <a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a> in the United Kingdom,<a href="#cite_note-Dahrendorf-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> and, after <a href="/wiki/WW1" class="mw-redirect" title="WW1">WW1</a>, for the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Foreign_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="School of Foreign Service">School of Foreign Service</a> from <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University" title="Georgetown University">Georgetown University</a> in the United States and the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Graduate_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva Graduate Institute">Geneva Graduate Institute</a> in Switzerland.<a href="#cite_note-:3-28">[27]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%89tudiants_et_personnel_de_Sciences_Po_devant_l%27entr%C3%A9e_en_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/%C3%89tudiants_et_personnel_de_Sciences_Po_devant_l%27entr%C3%A9e_en_1910.jpg/200px-%C3%89tudiants_et_personnel_de_Sciences_Po_devant_l%27entr%C3%A9e_en_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="339" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/%C3%89tudiants_et_personnel_de_Sciences_Po_devant_l%27entr%C3%A9e_en_1910.jpg/300px-%C3%89tudiants_et_personnel_de_Sciences_Po_devant_l%27entr%C3%A9e_en_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/%C3%89tudiants_et_personnel_de_Sciences_Po_devant_l%27entr%C3%A9e_en_1910.jpg/400px-%C3%89tudiants_et_personnel_de_Sciences_Po_devant_l%27entr%C3%A9e_en_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1342" data-file-height="2273" /></a><figcaption>Students and staff in front of the original entrance in the 1910s</figcaption></figure> The connection between Sciences Po and French institutions meant that the school also played a key role in the apparatus of the French colonial empires. In 1886, the university established a colonial studies program with the goal of training students to take on professions in the colonial administration in a way that "propagates [...] a more scientific and international colonialism".<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> Many professors and members of the ELSP administration, such as <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Paul_Leroy-Beaulieu" title="Pierre Paul Leroy-Beaulieu">Paul Leroy-Beaulieu</a>, chair in colonial affairs at ELSP, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Chailley" title="Joseph Chailley">Joseph Chailley-Bert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jules_Cambon" title="Jules Cambon">Jules Cambon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Jonnart" title="Charles Jonnart">Charles Jonnart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Auguste-Louis-Alb%C3%A9ric,_prince_d%27Arenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Auguste-Louis-Albéric, prince d'Arenberg">Auguste Louis Albéric d’Arenberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Roume" title="Ernest Roume">Ernest Roume</a>, were also closely linked to or worked directly with the colonial government.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> The colonial branch of ELSP closed in 1893 after a state-sponsored <a href="/wiki/Colonial_School,_Paris" title="Colonial School, Paris">Colonial School</a> was created in 1889; however positions in the administrations of French colonies and protectorates continued to accept graduates from the ELSP.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1945:_Refoundation">1945: Refoundation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1945: Refoundation">edit</a>]</div> Sciences Po underwent significant reforms in the aftermath of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> in 1945. At <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Paris" title="Liberation of Paris">France's liberation</a> from <a href="/wiki/German_military_administration_in_occupied_France_during_World_War_II" title="German military administration in occupied France during World War II">Nazi occupation</a>, the public servants were accused of collaborating with the <a href="/wiki/Vichy_regime" class="mw-redirect" title="Vichy regime">Vichy regime</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a> Communist politicians including <a href="/wiki/Georges_Cogniot" title="Georges Cogniot">Georges Cogniot</a> accused the school to be the "home of collaboration" with Nazi Germany<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14">[14]</a> and proposed abolishing the ELSP entirely and founding a new state-run administration college on its premises.<a href="#cite_note-:3-28">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> The school, however, had also trained eight out of the thirteen ministers of the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_French_Republic" title="Provisional Government of the French Republic">Provisional Government of the French Republic</a>, and several prominent members of the <a href="/wiki/French_Resistance" title="French Resistance">French Resistance</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:2-35">[34]</a> In order for the school not to be replaced, the director Roger Seydoux, his aid Jacques Chapsal and the school's most famous professor, André Siegfried, excluded those among the school's staff who were most compromised with the Vichy regime and Nazi Germany, and defended the school against accusation of collaboration and built up a communication campaign to save the school.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14">[14]</a> The choice regarding the future of the school would be made by France's Provisional Government, under <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a>. The alumni <a href="/wiki/Michel_Debr%C3%A9" title="Michel Debré">Michel Debré</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jules_Jeanneney" title="Jules Jeanneney">Jules Jeanneney</a> and Roger Grégoire decided that the school would be preserved but transformed in a new structure. Two separate legal entities were created: the Institut d'études politiques (English: Institute of political studies) and the Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques (English: National Foundation of Political Science) or FNSP. Both were tasked by the French government to ensure "the progress and the spread, both within and outside France, of political science, economics, and sociology".<a href="#cite_note-purpose-23">[22]</a> The FNSP, a private foundation, manages the IEP de Paris, owns its buildings and libraries, and determines its budget. The two entities work together in lockstep, however, as the director of the school is, by tradition, also the administrator of FNSP. This institutional arrangement gives Sciences Po a unique status, as the school draws most of its resources through substantial government subsidies to FNSP, but does not subject it to many government interventions and regulations, giving it a much higher level of autonomy compared to other French universities and schools.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-14">[14]</a> The epithet Sciences Po is applied to both entities, which inherited the reputation previously vested in ELSP.<a href="#cite_note-duality-36">[35]</a> The public-private nature of Sciences Po, Paris, also distinguishes it from a network of <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut d'études politiques">institutes of political studies</a> throughout the country that were inspired by its curriculum, namely in <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Strasbourg" title="Institut d'études politiques de Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Lyon" title="Institut d'études politiques de Lyon">Lyon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Aix" title="Sciences Po Aix">Aix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Bordeaux" title="Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux">Bordeaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grenoble_Institute_of_Political_Studies" title="Grenoble Institute of Political Studies">Grenoble</a>, <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Toulouse" title="Institut d'études politiques de Toulouse">Toulouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Rennes" title="Institut d'études politiques de Rennes">Rennes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Lille" title="Sciences Po Lille">Lille</a>. They are not to be confused with the seven campuses of Sciences Po in France. The government also established in 1945 the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Nationale_d%27Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="École Nationale d'Administration">École Nationale d'Administration</a> (ENA), an elite postgraduate school for training government officials. From then on, the Grands Corps de l'Etat were obliged to recruit new entrants from ENA.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> Sciences Po became the school of choice for those hoping to enter the ENA, and so retained its dominant place in educating high-ranking officials.<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1945_to_1996:_The_Chapsal-Gentot-Lancelot_era">1945 to 1996: The Chapsal-Gentot-Lancelot era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1945 to 1996: The Chapsal-Gentot-Lancelot era">edit</a>]</div> From 1947 to 1979, Sciences Po is directed by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Chapsal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Chapsal (page does not exist)">Jacques Chapsal</a>, who replaced his mentor Roger Seydoux and led the school through the <a href="/wiki/Trente_Glorieuses" title="Trente Glorieuses">Trente Glorieuses</a> expansion as well as the <a href="/wiki/May_68" title="May 68">May 68</a> crisis. Under Chapsal, Sciences Po expands geographically. After the acquisition of the Hôtel de La Meilleraye (56–58, rue des Saints-Pères), just across Sciences Po's lawn, the school bought the hôtel de La Bretesche at number 30, rue Saint-Guillaume, just in front of the main building.<a href="#cite_note-:3-28">[27]</a> In 1976, the Presses de Sciences Po (Sciences Po's publishing company) is created.<a href="#cite_note-:3-28">[27]</a> In 1956, Sciences Po created its first PhD program. The CEVIPOF, Center for Political Research, is created in 1960.<a href="#cite_note-:3-28">[27]</a> Between 1952 and 1969, 77.5% of the ENA's graduate student intake were Sciences Po alumni.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> FNSP received a significant donations from the <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Foundation" title="Rockefeller Foundation">Rockefeller Foundation</a>. FNSP published periodicals such as la Revue française de science politique, le Bulletin analytique de documentation, la Chronologie politique africaine, and the Cahiers de la Fondation as well as its seven research centres and main publishing house, Presses de Sciences Po.<a href="#cite_note-purpose-23">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1996_to_2012:_The_Descoings_era">1996 to 2012: The Descoings era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1996 to 2012: The Descoings era">edit</a>]</div> Political science professor Alain Lancelot led the school between 1987 and 1997. He prepared for the school's vice-director, Richard Descoings, to become the director of Sciences Po.<a href="#cite_note-LM-2021-01-08-40">[39]</a> Under the directorship of Descoings, the school incorporated courses in various branches of the social sciences on top of political science, such as law, economics, history, and sociology. In addition, the school began requiring all its undergraduate students to spend a year abroad, and introduced a multilingual curriculum in French, English,<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> and other languages. Sciences Po also began to expand outside Paris, establishing regional campuses throughout France.<a href="#cite_note-:10-19">[19]</a> During this period, Sciences Po also implemented reforms in its admissions process. Previously, Sciences Po recruited its students exclusively on the basis of a competitive examination. This system was seen to favor students from prestigious high schools. In 2001, Sciences Po founded the Equal Opportunity Program, widening its admissions policy.<a href="#cite_note-NYUsource-42">[41]</a> This program enables the institution to recruit high-potential students at partner high schools in more disadvantaged parts of France who, due to a social, academic, and financial constraints, would not otherwise have been able to attend Sciences Po.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> As a consequence, from 2001 to 2011, the proportion of scholarship students at Sciences Po went from 6 to 27 percent<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> with around 30% of all students at Sciences Po currently receiving some form of scholarship.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> The reforms Descoings spearheaded were at times controversial and his leadership style came under heavy criticism.<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a> A further report by the French <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Audit_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Audit (France)">Court of Audit</a> in 2012 severely criticized the financial management of the bonuses and salaries under Descoings.<a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2013_to_2024:_The_Mion-Vicherat_directorate">2013 to 2024: The Mion-Vicherat directorate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2013 to 2024: The Mion-Vicherat directorate">edit</a>]</div> After the sudden death of Richard Descoing, <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mion" title="Frédéric Mion">Frédéric Mion</a>, was appointed director of Sciences Po on 1 March 2013.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> Mion's intention to pursue Sciences Po's development as a "selective university of international standing" is detailed in the policy paper "Sciences Po 2022", published in the spring of 2014.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> He restructured the graduate studies by creating graduate schools, leading to the creation of the School of Public Affairs<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> and the Urban School in 2015 and the School of Management and Innovation in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> In early 2016, Sciences Po updated its governance structure, adopting new statutes for its two constituent bodies: the Fondation nationale des sciences politiques (FNSP) and the Institut d'études politiques de Paris (IEP).<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> In late 2016, Sciences Po acquired a new site, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%B4tel_de_l%27Artillerie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hôtel de l'Artillerie (page does not exist)">Hôtel de l'Artillerie</a> in the 7th arrondissement of Paris to expand its campus.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> In 2021, Sciences Po was hit by the <a href="#Duhamel_scandal">Duhamel scandal</a>, mainly put forward by the best-seller<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> book La Familia Grande and newspaper articles from <a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nouvel_Obs" class="mw-redirect" title="Nouvel Obs">Nouvel Obs</a>, a <a href="#Sexual_violence">sexual violence scandal one</a> and a <a href="#Governance">succession crisis</a>. Olivier Duhamel, director of the National Foundation of Sciences Po, who was accused of <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">raping</a> his son, resigned. Frédéric Mion and other members of the board of these institutions resigned.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] On 22 November 2021 <a href="/wiki/Mathias_Vicherat" title="Mathias Vicherat">Mathias Vicherat</a> assumed office as the new director of Sciences Po.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceG-55">[54]</a> He resigned on March 13, 2024, after being ordered to stand trial on charges of domestic abuse.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> On March 26, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Bass%C3%A8res" title="Jean Bassères">Jean Bassères</a> was named interim director.<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> In April 2024, Sciences Po became one of the <a href="/wiki/2024_pro-Palestinian_protests_at_Sciences_Po" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 pro-Palestinian protests at Sciences Po">epicenters</a> of French student protests against the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas war</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campuses">Campuses</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Campuses">edit</a>]</div> Sciences Po has seven campuses in France, with each specialising in different regions of the globe. Every May, at the end of the academic year, all seven campuses come together for the inter-campus Collégiades de Sciences Po tournament, also known as the MiniCrit. At the tournament, students represent each campus and compete against one another in arts and athletic competitions. Different events include athletic games such as volleyball and football, as well as artistic competitions such as music and dance.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paris">Paris</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Paris">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Entree_scpo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Entree_scpo.jpg/220px-Entree_scpo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Entree_scpo.jpg/330px-Entree_scpo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Entree_scpo.jpg/440px-Entree_scpo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2216" data-file-height="2956" /></a><figcaption>The entrance to Sciences Po on Rue Saint-Guillaume</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scpo_jardin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Scpo_jardin.jpg/220px-Scpo_jardin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Scpo_jardin.jpg/330px-Scpo_jardin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Scpo_jardin.jpg/440px-Scpo_jardin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>Sciences Po garden, between Rue Saint-Guillaume and Rue des Saints-Pères</figcaption></figure> The Paris campus is spread across several buildings concentrated around the <a href="/wiki/Boulevard_Saint-Germain" title="Boulevard Saint-Germain">Boulevard Saint-Germain</a> in the 6th and 7th arrondissements.<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> The historic centre of Sciences Po at 27 rue Saint-Guillaume houses the head office, classrooms and the central library since 1879; it is located in a <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_particulier" title="Hôtel particulier">hôtel particulier</a> called Hôtel de Mortemart.<a href="#cite_note-:6-62">[61]</a> It is also home to Sciences Po's two largest teaching halls, the Amphitheatres Émile Boutmy and Jacques Chapsal. Other buildings include: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>117, boulevard Saint-Germain: <a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Journalism_School" title="Sciences Po Journalism School">School of Journalism</a></li> <li>199, boulevard Saint-Germain: Doctoral School</li> <li>174 and 224, boulevard Saint-Germain: offices and classrooms</li> <li>13, <a href="/wiki/Rue_de_l%27Universit%C3%A9_(Paris)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rue de l'Université (Paris)">rue de l'Université</a> / The René Rémond building: <a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Law_School" title="Sciences Po Law School">Law School</a> and administrative offices</li> <li>8, rue Jean-Sébastien-Bach: Urban School</li> <li>28, rue des Saints-Pères: <a href="/wiki/Paris_School_of_International_Affairs" title="Paris School of International Affairs">Paris School of International Affairs</a> (PSIA)</li> <li>56, rue des Saints-Pères: Language Lab, audiovisual service and a cartography workshop.</li> <li>56, rue Jacob: Research Center for History (Centre d'histoire de Sciences Po) and International Relations (Centre d'études et de recherches internationales)</li></ul></div> The Paris campus enrolls about 3,000 undergraduate students, almost a third of whom are international exchange students.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> Sciences Po purchased in 2016 the Hôtel de l’Artillerie, a 17th-century former monastery of 14,000 m2 located 200 meters from its campus on rue Saint-Guillaume, from the French Ministry of Defense and refurbished the building for a total cost of around 200 million euros.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a> The new facility which opened in 2022, hosts 7 graduate schools including School of Public Affairs, <a href="/wiki/Paris_School_of_International_Affairs" title="Paris School of International Affairs">Paris School of International Affairs</a>, Law School, Urban School, School of Management and Impact, <a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Journalism_School" title="Sciences Po Journalism School">Journalism School</a> and the School of Research. It is home to the scientific department and the institute of innovation as well as the Sciences Po's Center for Entrepreneurship.<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> It will provide <a href="/wiki/Social_housing" class="mw-redirect" title="Social housing">social housing</a> for 50 to 100 students with need-based aid from the State.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dijon">Dijon</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Dijon">edit</a>]</div> Located in the region of Burgundy in a 19th-century building, the Dijon campus was created in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> The regional specialisation is on the European Union, specifically <a href="/wiki/Central_and_Eastern_Europe" title="Central and Eastern Europe">Central and Eastern Europe</a>, and is taught in French. The elective languages offered are <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Le_Havre">Le Havre</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Le Havre">edit</a>]</div> Located on the coast of <a href="/wiki/Normandy" title="Normandy">Normandy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Le_Havre" title="Le Havre">Le Havre</a> has hosted the undergraduate Euro-Asian Programme (taught in English) since 2007.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> The elective languages offered are <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>, and French as a Foreign Language courses for students without a B1-equivalent level.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> Students primarily choose to spend their third year abroad in an Asian country. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Menton">Menton</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Menton">edit</a>]</div> Established in the <a href="/wiki/French_Riviera" title="French Riviera">French Riviera</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Menton" title="Menton">Menton</a> in 2005, the campus is located in an entirely renovated 19th-century building overlooking the Mediterranean. According to the Sciences Po brochure, the Menton Campus' regional specialisation is on the Middle Eastern and the Mediterranean, and it welcomes 300 students each year.<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> The undergraduate programme is taught through two language tracks (French or English) and several elective languages are offered: <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>, and French as a Foreign Language for those without a CEFR B1-equivalent level in French.<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> The third mandatory year abroad is spent in the Middle East or elsewhere. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nancy">Nancy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Nancy">edit</a>]</div> Established in the region of <a href="/wiki/Lorraine" title="Lorraine">Lorraine</a> in 2000, the Nancy campus is located in an 18th-century heritage site, the Hôtel des Missions Royales. The curriculum is taught in French, English and <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>, as its regional specialisation focuses on the European Union and French-German relations.<a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a> The elective languages offered are German, English, French as a foreign language and also Italian, Spanish, Russian, Swedish or Arabic.<a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poitiers">Poitiers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Poitiers">edit</a>]</div> Opened in 2010, the campus is located in the heart of the historic city of <a href="/wiki/Poitiers" title="Poitiers">Poitiers</a> in the Hôtel Chaboureau, a renovated building dating from the 15th century. The regional specialisation is on <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>.<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> The undergraduate programme is conducted mainly in French, with some courses in English and Spanish.<a href="#cite_note-Poitiers_campus-78">[77]</a> The elective languages offered are Spanish and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Poitiers_campus-78">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reims">Reims</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Reims">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Reims" title="Reims">Reims</a> campus opened in September 2010. It is housed in the 17th century <a href="/wiki/Jesuit_College_of_Reims" title="Jesuit College of Reims">College des Jesuits</a>. Despite being the most recent campus, it is the largest of the regional campuses of Sciences Po, with over 1,600 undergraduates.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> Over half of their students are international.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/reims">[2]</a> The campus offers two regional specialisations, one on North America (taught in English) and the other on Africa (taught in French).<a href="#cite_note-Reims_campus-80">[79]</a> Additionally, through a partnership with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Reims_Champagne-Ardenne" title="University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne">University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)</a>, the Reims Campus offers a dual degree in social sciences & humanities and life sciences entitled "Environment, Society, Sustainability." The elective languages offered are English, Spanish, German, Italian or Arabic, and French as a foreign language for students who do not have a B1 level of French.<a href="#cite_note-Reims_campus-80">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation">Organisation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Organisation">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance">Governance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Governance">edit</a>]</div> Sciences Po operates under a dual governance model composed of two entities: the Fondation nationale des sciences politiques (FNSP), a <a href="/wiki/Non-profit_foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-profit foundation">private non-profit foundation</a>, and the Institut d’études politiques de Paris or Paris Institute of Political Studies, a <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public higher education institution</a>. These two bodies constitute Sciences Po, which is the official term used to designate them collectively. The FNSP is responsible for the strategic direction and administrative and financial management of Sciences Po. It is administered by a board of directors.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> The role of the Paris Institute of Political Studies is to ensure teaching, research and library services, like all international research universities. Its governing bodies consist of the Board of Directors, the Student Life and Education Committee and the Academic Board.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> The executive committee is the institution's operational steering committee. It brings together the directors of Sciences Po's various divisions and offices under the authority of the President of Sciences Po. The executive committee implements the strategic direction and makes operational decisions on running and managing the institution.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finances">Finances</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Finances">edit</a>]</div> Sciences Po's own resources have grown significantly. They have been multiplied by six: from €18.3 million in 2000 to €127.2 million in 2018. These resources now account for a majority of the budget.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> The school's development under Richard Descoings led it to contract a €68 million debt by 2010.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> The institution took on a debt of €191 million in 2016 in order to fund the acquisition of its new Paris campus and undertake the restoration of the site. This debt is partially guaranteed by the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Paris" title="Mayor of Paris">Paris City Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Certificat_de_dipl%C3%B4me_de_l%E2%80%99Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Certificat_de_dipl%C3%B4me_de_l%E2%80%99Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris.png/220px-Certificat_de_dipl%C3%B4me_de_l%E2%80%99Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Certificat_de_dipl%C3%B4me_de_l%E2%80%99Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris.png/330px-Certificat_de_dipl%C3%B4me_de_l%E2%80%99Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Certificat_de_dipl%C3%B4me_de_l%E2%80%99Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris.png/440px-Certificat_de_dipl%C3%B4me_de_l%E2%80%99Institut_d%E2%80%99%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Paris.png 2x" data-file-width="1082" data-file-height="1374" /></a><figcaption>Diploma certificate from Sciences Po Paris (1952)</figcaption></figure> The academic bodies of Sciences Po consist of the Undergraduate College, six professional schools, and the Doctoral School. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Undergraduate_level">Undergraduate level</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Undergraduate level">edit</a>]</div> The Sciences Po Undergraduate College offers a three-year Bachelor of Arts degree with a multidisciplinary foundation in the humanities and social sciences with emphasis on civic, linguistic, artistic, and digital training.<a href="#cite_note-SciPo1-87">[86]</a> In the first year, students take foundational courses in six disciplines - economics, history, humanities, law, political science, and sociology.<a href="#cite_note-Bachelor_of_Arts-88">[87]</a> In the second year, students choose a multidisciplinary major – Politics & Government, Economics & Societies, or Political Humanities.<a href="#cite_note-Bachelor_of_Arts-88">[87]</a> The third year is spent abroad on an exchange programme with a partner university. In addition, each campus offers a different regional specialisation which anchors students' intellectual objectives, the regions are: Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America, Middle East-Mediterranean, and North America.<a href="#cite_note-Bachelor_of_Arts-88">[87]</a> Sciences Po offers dual bachelor's degrees with <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keio_University" title="Keio University">Keio University</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freie_Universit%C3%A4t_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Freie Universität Berlin">Freie Universität Berlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Sydney" title="University of Sydney">University of Sydney</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Singapore" title="National University of Singapore">National University of Singapore</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hong_Kong" title="University of Hong Kong">University of Hong Kong</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">University of California</a> at Berkeley.<a href="#cite_note-SciPo1-87">[86]</a> The current dean of the Undergraduate College is <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phanie_Balme" title="Stéphanie Balme">Stéphanie Balme</a>. In 2021, 15,284 students applied to the Undergraduate College across all three admissions pathways (the exam procedure, the Equal Opportunity Programme, and the international procedure). 1,630 students were accepted, for an admission rate of 7%.<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> Sciences Po has an acceptance rate of around 10% on Parcoursup (the national admissions platform for higher education) in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Graduate_level">Graduate level</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Graduate level">edit</a>]</div> At the graduate level, Sciences Po's seven schools offer one- and two-year Master's programmes and PhD programmes. All graduate programmes are delivered on the Sciences Po campus in Paris. Sciences Po also hosts dual Master's programmes with international partners. Students enrolled in these dual degree programmes spend one year at Sciences Po in Paris and one year at the partner university.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Schools">Schools</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Schools">edit</a>]</div> The Undergraduate College (Collège universitaire) is the home of all undergraduate students. At the graduate level, there are seven professional schools:<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li>School of Public Affairs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_School_of_International_Affairs" title="Paris School of International Affairs">Paris School of International Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Law_School" title="Sciences Po Law School">Sciences Po Law School</a></li> <li>Urban School</li> <li>School of Management and Innovation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Journalism_School" title="Sciences Po Journalism School">Sciences Po Journalism School</a></li> <li>Doctoral School</li></ul></div> The Doctoral School offers Master and PhD programmes in law, economics, history, political science, or sociology. The PhD programme contains roughly 600 doctoral candidates. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research">Research</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Research">edit</a>]</div> Research at Sciences Po covers economics, law, history, sociology and political science, while also taking in interdisciplinary topics such as cities, political ecology, sustainable development, socio-economics and globalization. Sciences Po is home to a research community that includes over 200 researchers and 350 PhD candidates.<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> In 2015, 32% of the school's budget was devoted to research. That year, 65% of its research publications were in French, 32% in English and 3% in other languages.<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> The institute has research centers, seven of which are affiliated with France's National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS).<a href="#cite_note-sciencespo.fr-95">[94]</a> <ul><li>Center for Socio-Political Data (CDSP), which provides scientifically validated data for international survey programs. It also supports training in data collection and analysis.</li> <li>Centre for European Studies and Comparative Politics (CEE), which focuses on inter-disciplinary European studies; participation, democracy and government; election analyses; the restructuring of the state and public action.</li> <li>Centre for International Studies (CERI), which produces comparative and historical analysis on foreign societies, international relations, and political, social and economic phenomena.</li> <li>Centre for Political Research (CEVIPOF), which investigates political attitudes, behaviour and parties, as well as political thought and the history of ideas.</li> <li>Centre for History (CHSP), whose research focuses on: arts, knowledge and culture; wars, conflicts and violence; states, institutions and societies; the political and cultural history of contemporary France; from local to global; international history and its levels.</li> <li>Centre for the Sociology of Organisations (CSO), which conducts research on the sociology of organisations, sociology of public policy, and economic sociology. It also studies issues related to higher education and research, healthcare, sustainable development, the evolution of firms, and the transformation of the state.</li> <li>Center for Studies in Social Change (OSC), which conducts research on topics such as urban, school and gender inequalities, stratification and social mobility, and ethno-racial or social segregation.</li> <li>Department of Economics, which investigates areas such as labour markets, international economics, political economy, microeconomics and development.</li> <li>Law School, whose research focuses on globalisation, legal cultures and the economics of law. It has also produced work on the theory and history of law, public and private international law and intellectual property.</li> <li>Médialab, which studies the way data generated by new information technologies is produced, circulated and exploited.<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Observatoire_Fran%C3%A7ais_des_Conjonctures_%C3%89conomiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Observatoire Français des Conjonctures Économiques">Observatoire Français des Conjonctures Économiques</a> (OFCE), which is both a research centre and an independent economic forecasting body. Its stated mission is to "ensure that the fruits of scientific rigour and academic independence serve the public debate about the economy".<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-sciencespo.fr-95">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a></li></ul> In addition to these research units, the institute has recently established three major research programs – the LIEPP, DIME-SHS and MaxPo.<a href="#cite_note-sciencespo.fr-95">[94]</a> <ul><li>The Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire d'Evaluation des Politiques Publiques (LIEPP) analyzes public policy based on qualitative, comparative, and quantitative methods.<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> The laboratory has been selected by an international scientific jury as a "Laboratoire d'Excellence" (Labex) that will be financed for the next ten years by the French government.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a></li> <li>Données Infrastructures et Méthodes d'Enquête en Sciences Humaines et Sociales (DIME-SHS) aims to collect and disseminate data for use in humanities and social sciences research.<a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a></li> <li>The Max Planck Sciences Po Center on Coping with Instability in Market Societies (known as MaxPo), was founded in 2012 in co-operation with the <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Societies" title="Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies">Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies</a> (MPIfG). It investigates how individuals, organizations, and nation-states deal with various forms of economic and social instability. It is located at Sciences Po's Paris campus.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Library_and_publishing">Library and publishing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Library and publishing">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salles_de_lecture_27_rue_Saint_Guillaume.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Salles_de_lecture_27_rue_Saint_Guillaume.jpg/300px-Salles_de_lecture_27_rue_Saint_Guillaume.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Salles_de_lecture_27_rue_Saint_Guillaume.jpg/450px-Salles_de_lecture_27_rue_Saint_Guillaume.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Salles_de_lecture_27_rue_Saint_Guillaume.jpg/600px-Salles_de_lecture_27_rue_Saint_Guillaume.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Sciences Po Library</figcaption></figure> Founded in 1871, the nucleus of the school's research is the Bibliothèque de Sciences Po. The library offers a collection of more than 950,000 titles in the field of social sciences. In 1982, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Education_(France)" title="Ministry of National Education (France)">Ministry of National Education</a> made the Bibliothèque the Centre for Acquisition and Dissemination of Scientific and Technical Information in the field of <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a>, and since 1994, it has been the antenna associated with the <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_Nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque Nationale de France">Bibliothèque Nationale de France</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Sciences-Po-Paris-104">[103]</a> The Bibliothèque de Sciences Po is also the main French partner in the <a href="/wiki/International_Bibliography_of_the_Social_Sciences" title="International Bibliography of the Social Sciences">International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</a>, which is based at the <a href="/wiki/London_School_of_Economics" title="London School of Economics">London School of Economics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IBSS-105">[104]</a> Founded in the 1950s, Presses de Sciences Po is the publishing house of Sciences Po. It publishes academic works related to the <a href="/wiki/Social_sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Social sciences">social sciences</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Presses-106">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_lectures">Public lectures</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Public lectures">edit</a>]</div> Sciences Po organizes public lecture events. Recent guest speakers have included <a href="/wiki/Ban_Ki-moon" title="Ban Ki-moon">Ban Ki-moon</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Petraeus" title="David Petraeus">General David Petraeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a>, former President of Brazil <a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt">Eric Schmidt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stiglitz" title="Joseph Stiglitz">Joseph Stiglitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheryl_Sandberg" title="Sheryl Sandberg">Sheryl Sandberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mario_Draghi" title="Mario Draghi">Mario Draghi</a>, UNESCO Director-General <a href="/wiki/Irina_Bokova" title="Irina Bokova">Irina Bokova</a> and Harvard University professor <a href="/wiki/Michael_Sandel" title="Michael Sandel">Michael Sandel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> Since 2007 it has organized the Franco-British Dialogue Lecture Series in collaboration with the LSE and the <a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_France,_London" title="Embassy of France, London">French Embassy in London</a>. The lectures are held every term at the LSE's European Institute.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reputation_and_rankings">Reputation and rankings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Reputation and rankings">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_rankings">National rankings</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: National rankings">edit</a>]</div> Sciences Po has the highest attractivity rate of the French Institutes of political studies, as 86% of students who were admitted to its undergraduate programs accepted their offer.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> In 2022, the admission rate of the school was 10% as the undergraduate level, and 5% on the Paris campus.<a href="#cite_note-:4-113">[112]</a> In 2023, French students who joined the school had scored an average of 17.9/20 at the <a href="/wiki/Baccalaur%C3%A9at" title="Baccalauréat">Baccalauréat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:5-114">[113]</a> 92% of French students admitted to undergraduate programs got their Baccalauréat Summa cum laude ("mention Très bien").<a href="#cite_note-:5-114">[113]</a> National rankings place the school in first place in sociology, social policy and administration, in second place in development studies and law, and third place in economics.<a href="#cite_note-:22-115">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_rankings">International rankings</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: International rankings">edit</a>]</div> In rankings based on English-speaking publications, in 2023, Sciences Po ranks 2nd globally for the study of Politics in the QS World University Subjects Rankings,<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> whereas it is ranked 39th in social sciences by Times Higher Education[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]. In 2024, its global ranking in the QS World University Rankings decreased to the 319th rank.<a href="#cite_note-:23-117">[116]</a> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Rankings: International (national)/Total number of ranked institution<a href="#cite_note-Sciences_Po-118">[117]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>2014 </th> <th>2015 </th> <th>2016 </th> <th>2017 </th> <th>2018 </th> <th>2019 </th> <th>2020 </th> <th>2021 </th> <th>2022 </th> <th>2023 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="11">Global and regional rankings </th></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Global ranking </td> <td>214 </td> <td>222 </td> <td>223 </td> <td>220 </td> <td>220 </td> <td>221 </td> <td>242 (7) </td> <td>242 (7) </td> <td>261 </td> <td>259 </td></tr> <tr> <td>THE - Global ranking </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>401–500 </td> <td>401–500 </td> <td>401–500 (19) </td> <td>501-600 (21) </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="11">By field </th></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Social Sciences & Management </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>62 </td> <td>67 </td> <td>69 </td> <td>59 (4) </td> <td>56 (3) </td> <td> </td> <td>65 (4) </td></tr> <tr> <td>THE - Social Sciences & Management </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>69 (2) </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>39 (1) </td></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Arts & Humanities </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>154 </td> <td>207 </td> <td>176 </td> <td>170 (6) </td> <td>162 (5) </td></tr> <tr> <td>THE - Arts & Humanities </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>-/536 (-/20) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="11">By subject </th></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Politics </td> <td>13 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>2 (1) </td> <td>3 (1) </td> <td>3<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Social Policy & Administration </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>40 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>48 </td> <td>22 </td> <td>23 </td> <td>21 (1) </td> <td> </td> <td>13<a href="#cite_note-:7-120">[119]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Sociology </td> <td>36 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>50 </td> <td>44 </td> <td>37 </td> <td>28 </td> <td>28 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>27<a href="#cite_note-:72-121">[120]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Development Studies </td> <td>– </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>– </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>40 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>51–100 </td></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Law & Legal Studies </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>50 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>65 (2) </td></tr> <tr> <td>THE - Law </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>–/190 (–/2) </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>–/290 (–/6) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Eduniversal - Law (global) </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>(–/15) </td></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Economics & Econometrics </td> <td>101–150 </td> <td>101–150 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>101–150 </td> <td>101–150 </td> <td>101–150 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>89 (6) </td></tr> <tr> <td>THE - Business & Economics </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>–/632 (–/20) </td></tr> <tr> <td>QS - History </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>101–150 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>51–100 </td> <td>101–150 </td> <td>101–150 </td></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Philosophy </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>151–200 </td></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Modern Languages </td> <td>– </td> <td>151–200 </td> <td>201–250 </td> <td>251–300 </td> <td>201–250 </td> <td>201–250 </td> <td>201–250 </td></tr> <tr> <td>QS - Accounting & Finance </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>201–250 </td> <td>201–250 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>251-300 (10) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reputation_and_criticism">Reputation and criticism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Reputation and criticism">edit</a>]</div> Sciences Po has been called France's "leading university in the social sciences".<a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a> It is considered to be the most prestigious of all of the IEP (<a href="/wiki/Instituts_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques" title="Instituts d'études politiques">Instituts d'études politiques</a>, or Institutes of Political Studies) in France.<a href="#cite_note-Chillaud-16">[16]</a> Sciences Po is widely regarded to be an elite institution due to its selectivity in admissions and its close connections to powerful networks within French society.<a href="#cite_note-Conley-124">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-Koh_2016_193-125">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guttenplan-126">[125]</a> It has been described as a "school of power" that has inspired schools abroad, such as the London School of Economics.<a href="#cite_note-monde-diplomatique.fr-24">[23]</a> Because of its role in training the French elite, it has been called the "school of domination".<a href="#cite_note-:2-35">[34]</a> According "<a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a>", the school's reputation for excellency and its prestige are such that some freshmen are sometimes "disillusioned" after having "fantasized" about the school.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> Because of its role in training the French political, administrative and economic elite, the school has been criticized by <a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics" title="Far-left politics">far-left</a> critics for the alleged close-mindedness of its students.<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceI-130">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceJ-131">[130]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Gumbel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Gumbel (page does not exist)">Peter Gumbel</a> called Sciences Po and other "Grandes Écoles" "elite colleges [which] have become a machine for perpetuating a brilliant but blinkered, often arrogant and frequently incompetent ruling freemasonry".<a href="#cite_note-Lichfield-132">[131]</a> The academic <a href="/wiki/Gilles_Devers" title="Gilles Devers">Gilles Devers</a> criticized the institution for being the "base of the conservatism, and the mold of the molluscs that make the public elite" where "dissenting ideas are only admitted if they strengthen the system".<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> Sciences Po's core curriculum has historically been very transdisciplinary, as the students go through introductory classes to disciplines as diverse as political science, economics, history, law and international relations. This priority given to transversality of knowledge over expertise in one field has been the subject of praise as well as of criticism.<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> In 2021 Sciences Po was criticized[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">by whom?</a>] for alleged <a href="/wiki/Grade_inflation" title="Grade inflation">grade inflation</a> as a means to attract international students.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Controversies">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Duhamel_scandal">Duhamel scandal</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Duhamel scandal">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Duhamel_scandal" title="Duhamel scandal">Duhamel scandal</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Camille_Kouchner" title="Camille Kouchner">Camille Kouchner</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Kouchner" title="Bernard Kouchner">Bernard Kouchner</a>, published a book in which she wrote that her step-father Olivier Duhamel, at that time president of the Foundation of Sciences Po which was the "heart of [his] power" for 30 years,<a href="#cite_note-LM-2021-01-08-40">[39]</a> sexually abused his step-son for two years during his childhood.<a href="#cite_note-LM-2021-04-01-136">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-2021-01-05-137">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> Newspapers further unearthed a series of controversial attitudes[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">by whom?</a>] toward the sexuality of minors.<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a> It led to a series of investigations on the environment of Duhamel at Sciences Po and on the way they dealt with these abuses.<a href="#cite_note-LM-2021-01-08-40">[39]</a> The scandal eventually led to a series of resignations under pressure at Sciences Po. Duhamel resigned. While Frédéric Mion initially refused to resign, it later became apparent that he had lied about not having heard the rumors about Duhamel. He resigned.<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a> Following the Duhamel scandal, Sciences Po issued a statement condemning "all forms of sexualized violence" and declaring "its shock and astonishment". It also stated: "The fight against sexual and gender-based violence is at the heart of our institution's core values and actions."<a href="#cite_note-NYT-2021-01-05-137">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexual_violence">Sexual violence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Sexual violence">edit</a>]</div> After Richard Descoing, head of the school from 1997 to 2012, died, it was revealed that he had had sex with students,<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> and made no case of <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Strauss-Kahn" title="Dominique Strauss-Kahn">Dominique Strauss-Kahn</a>'s habit of "seducing" young students.<a href="#cite_note-LM-2021-04-01-136">[135]</a> Descoing was accused of sending sexual messages to students, but no further inquiry was made.<a href="#cite_note-LM-2021-01-08-40">[39]</a> In February 2021, hundreds of students and former students shared on Twitter allegations of rape or sexual abuse at several <a href="/wiki/Instituts_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques" title="Instituts d'études politiques">Instituts d'études politiques</a>, and claimed that despite denunciations of victims, "colleagues and staff [were] unwilling to take their complaints seriously".<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> A hashtag #SciencesPorcs ("Sciences Pigs", similar to the French #Metoo hashtag #Balancetonporcs) has been widely used to do so.<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> Among many op-eds dealing with the 2021 crisis at Sciences Po, two male alumni published in L'Express an op-ed specific to the sexual violence scandal, stating their disagreement with the "caricature" that is made of Sciences Po, which is allegedly the object of "passions, sometimes irrational ones" in the public "imaginary" because of the elite status they say the institute has; they assured there is no systemic problem regarding sexual violence in Sciences Po.<a href="#cite_note-150">[149]</a> Bénédicte Durand, interim administrator of the school, further told Le Figaro that "no, there is no rape culture in Sciences Po".<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> The school published a report on sexual and sexist violence that was called "abundant but shy".<a href="#cite_note-nouvelobs.com-152">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Racialism"_and_social_issues">"Racialism" and social issues</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: "Racialism" and social issues">edit</a>]</div> Many students and some members of the French Parliament have expressed concern about the enforcement of "<a href="/wiki/Racialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Racialism">racialism</a>" in Sciences Po.<a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Financial_scandals">Financial scandals</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Financial scandals">edit</a>]</div> Alain Lancelot, director of Sciences Po from 1987 to 1996, was investigated for financial mismanagement by the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Audit_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Audit (France)">French Court of Audit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> Under <a href="/wiki/Richard_Descoings" title="Richard Descoings">Richard Descoings</a>, its director from 1997 to 2012, the school was hit by a few financial scandals.<a href="#cite_note-mediapart.fr2-156">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-jour-157">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a> Descoings had been criticized for offering large sums of money (through salary rise, free accommodation, etc.) to diverse members of staff, including his wife, in spite of the fact that Sciences Po was partly state-funded.<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a> In October 2012, the Court of Audit reprimanded Sciences Po for financial mismanagement, accusing it of opaque remuneration procedures, unwarranted expenses claims and excessive pay rises for managers.<a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a> The Court noted that the school's complex legal status – a public institute managed by a private trust – had contributed to a dysfunction and waste. It also criticized the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_France" title="Government of France">French government</a> for increasing state funding for the school without insisting on additional public oversight.<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> In July 2015, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Casanova" title="Jean-Claude Casanova">Jean-Claude Casanova</a>, the former president of the Foundation Nationale des Sciences Politiques, the private trust which manages Sciences Po, was fined €1500 for failing to properly consult the Foundation's Administrative Council over budgeting decisions involving public money. The Court of Financial and Budgetary Discipline eventually found Casanova guilty, but gave him a lenient sentence because the procedures had some part of regularity and because it was not customary in Sciences Po to follow all the financial rules.<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a> In February 2016, the Court of Audit noted that reforms had been made, but stated that greater transparency was still needed. Frédéric Mion, the then director of Sciences Po, defended the school's reforms.<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Access_to_the_Bar">Access to the Bar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Access to the Bar">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Law_schools_in_France_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Law schools in France (disambiguation)">Law schools in France (disambiguation)</a></div> In 2007, a governmental decree authorized Sciences Po students to pass the Bar exam, providing they take a master's degree in law. This led to academics in universities to label the move as a "coup", fearing that Sciences Po students would crowd out law students from the universities at the bar. According to them, Sciences Po did not offer enough law courses for barristers to have a solid education in law.<a href="#cite_note-cairn.info-167">[166]</a> In 2009, Sciences Po created its law school, the "École de droit de Sciences Po" ("law school", as opposed in French to a faculté de droit, "faculty of law"), delivering masters (graduate) degrees. In 2008, partly as an answer, <a href="/wiki/Paris_II_Panth%C3%A9on-Assas" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris II Panthéon-Assas">Paris II Panthéon-Assas</a> created a collège de droit (undergraduate level) and then an "école de droit" (graduate level) on top of its faculty of law to attract top students in France.<a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[169]</a> A lot of universities followed this model, and created these <a href="/wiki/Law_school,_college_of_law_or_academy_of_law_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Law school, college of law or academy of law in France">selective "colleges" or "schools"</a>.<a href="#cite_note-171">[170]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Sciences_Po_People" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Sciences Po People">List of Sciences Po People</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alumni">Alumni</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Alumni">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Disputed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-disputed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/45px-System-search.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/68px-System-search.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/System-search.svg/90px-System-search.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section's factual accuracy is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute">disputed</a>. Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Sciences_Po#Alumni" title="Talk:Sciences Po">talk page</a>. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliably sourced</a>. (January 2021) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> It has been customary to graduate in Sciences Po in addition to a law school or a grande école in Paris, therefore many of these graduates are also graduates of the latter.<a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a> In 2016, the Sciences Po Alumni Association declared that there were 55,000 alumni.<a href="#cite_note-173">[172]</a> Many alumni are notable for their roles in fields such as politics or business.<a href="#cite_note-174">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[174]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Politics">Politics</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Politics">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:592px;max-width:592px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">French Presidents of the Fifth Republic who attended Sciences Po</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:92px;max-width:92px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:134px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Georges_Pompidou_1969_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Georges_Pompidou_1969_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Georges_Pompidou_1969_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Georges_Pompidou_1969_%28cropped%29.jpg/135px-Georges_Pompidou_1969_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Georges_Pompidou_1969_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Georges_Pompidou_1969_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="645" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Georges_Pompidou" title="Georges Pompidou">Georges Pompidou</a>, 2nd President of the French Fifth Republic</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:101px;max-width:101px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:134px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand_in_1983.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/President_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand_in_1983.jpg/99px-President_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand_in_1983.jpg" decoding="async" width="99" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/President_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand_in_1983.jpg/149px-President_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand_in_1983.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/President_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand_in_1983.jpg/198px-President_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand_in_1983.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2137" data-file-height="2919" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a>, 4th President of the French Fifth Republic</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:98px;max-width:98px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:134px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques_Chirac_(1997)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Jacques_Chirac_%281997%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/96px-Jacques_Chirac_%281997%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Jacques_Chirac_%281997%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/144px-Jacques_Chirac_%281997%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Jacques_Chirac_%281997%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/192px-Jacques_Chirac_%281997%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1225" data-file-height="1715" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a>, 5th President of the French Fifth Republic</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:90px;max-width:90px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:134px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Nicolas_Sarkozy_in_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Nicolas_Sarkozy_in_2010.jpg/88px-Nicolas_Sarkozy_in_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Nicolas_Sarkozy_in_2010.jpg/132px-Nicolas_Sarkozy_in_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Nicolas_Sarkozy_in_2010.jpg/176px-Nicolas_Sarkozy_in_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1009" data-file-height="1546" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a>, 6th President of the French Fifth Republic</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:103px;max-width:103px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:134px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande_-_2017_(27869823159)_(cropped_2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande_-_2017_%2827869823159%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/101px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande_-_2017_%2827869823159%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande_-_2017_%2827869823159%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/152px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande_-_2017_%2827869823159%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande_-_2017_%2827869823159%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/202px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande_-_2017_%2827869823159%29_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2041" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande" title="François Hollande">François Hollande</a>, 7th President of the French Fifth Republic</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:96px;max-width:96px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:134px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Emmanuel_Macron_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Emmanuel_Macron_%28cropped%29.jpg/94px-Emmanuel_Macron_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="94" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Emmanuel_Macron_%28cropped%29.jpg/141px-Emmanuel_Macron_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Emmanuel_Macron_%28cropped%29.jpg/188px-Emmanuel_Macron_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="521" data-file-height="745" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a>, 8th and Incumbent President of the French Fifth Republic</div></div></div></div></div> Six of the eight <a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">presidents</a> of the <a href="/wiki/French_Fifth_Republic" title="French Fifth Republic">French Fifth Republic</a> have attended Sciences Po, including <a href="/wiki/Georges_Pompidou" title="Georges Pompidou">Georges Pompidou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande" title="François Hollande">François Hollande</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a>.<a href="#cite_note-176">[175]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alain_Poher" title="Alain Poher">Alain Poher</a> (who served twice as acting president) was also an alumnus.<a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a> A number of French politicians who are Sciences Po alumni also graduated from <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27administration" title="École nationale d'administration">Ecole Nationale d'Administration (ENA)</a>, as the Sciences Po degree and its preparatory programmes have shown high admittance rates to the ENA.<a href="#cite_note-178">[177]</a> In 2017, 14% (81 of the 577) of French members of parliament elected that year were Sciences Po graduates, the most represented institution of higher learning and grande école in the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(France)" title="National Assembly (France)">National Assembly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a> Some politicians having a role in international organisations were also students at Sciences Po, including <a href="/wiki/Simone_Veil" title="Simone Veil">Simone Veil</a>, former President of the European Parliament; <a href="/wiki/Boutros_Boutros-Ghali" title="Boutros Boutros-Ghali">Boutros Boutros-Ghali</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">UN Secretary General</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pascal_Lamy" title="Pascal Lamy">Pascal Lamy</a>, former Director-General of the World Trade Organisation; <a href="/wiki/Michel_Camdessus" title="Michel Camdessus">Michel Camdessus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Strauss-Kahn" title="Dominique Strauss-Kahn">Dominique Strauss-Kahn</a>, former presidents of the International Monetary Fund;<a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Trichet" title="Jean-Claude Trichet">Jean-Claude Trichet</a>, former President of the European Central Bank; and <a href="/wiki/Marisol_Touraine" title="Marisol Touraine">Marisol Touraine</a>, Chair of <a href="/wiki/Unitaid" title="Unitaid">Unitaid</a> Executive Board. Sciences Po is also alma mater to politicians including <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Grabski" title="Władysław Grabski">Władysław Grabski</a> (Prime Minister of Poland 1920, 1923–1925), <a href="/wiki/Habib_Bourguiba" title="Habib Bourguiba">Habib Bourgiba</a> (Prime Minister of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tunisia" title="Kingdom of Tunisia">Kingdom of Tunisia</a> 1956–1957 and the first President of the <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisian Republic</a> 1957–1987), <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ki-Zerbo" title="Joseph Ki-Zerbo">Joseph Ki-Zerbo</a> (Burkinabé advocate for African independence), <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mosaddegh" title="Mohammad Mosaddegh">Mohammad Mosaddegh</a> (Prime Minister of Iran 1951–1953), <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a> 1968–1979, 1980–1984), <a href="/wiki/Thanat_Khoman" title="Thanat Khoman">Thanat Khoman</a> (Thai Minister of Foreign Affairs 1959–1971 and Deputy Prime Minister 1981–1983) and <a href="/wiki/Salome_Zourabichvili" title="Salome Zourabichvili">Salome Zourabichvili</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_of_Georgia" title="President of Georgia">President of Georgia</a> since 2018). Among the recipients of Sciences Po doctorate honoris causa are <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a> (2009), <a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva</a> (2011), Elena Zhemkova (2022), and <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> (2023). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Diplomacy">Diplomacy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Diplomacy">edit</a>]</div> Senior French diplomats including <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marcel_Jeanneney" title="Jean-Marcel Jeanneney">Jean-Marcel Jeanneney</a> (France's first Ambassador to Algeria) <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Delattre" title="François Delattre">François Delattre</a> (currently Permanent Representative of France <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_France_to_the_United_Nations" title="Permanent Mission of France to the United Nations">to the UN</a>),<a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Araud" title="Gérard Araud">Gérard Araud</a> (former <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_ambassadors_to_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="List of French ambassadors to the United States">ambassador to the USA</a>),<a href="#cite_note-182">[181]</a> <a href="/wiki/Sylvie_Bermann" title="Sylvie Bermann">Sylvie Bermann</a> (currently <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ambassadors_of_France_to_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ambassadors of France to the United Kingdom">ambassador to Russia</a>),<a href="#cite_note-183">[182]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bernard_%C3%89mi%C3%A9" title="Bernard Émié">Bernard Émié</a> (former Director of the <a href="/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security" title="Directorate-General for External Security">DGSE</a>),<a href="#cite_note-184">[183]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Maurice_Ripert" title="Jean-Maurice Ripert">Jean-Maurice Ripert</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Representative_of_France_to_the_United_Nations" title="Permanent Representative of France to the United Nations">Permanent Representative of France to the United Nations</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ambassadors_of_France_to_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ambassadors of France to Russia">Ambassador of France to Russia</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambassade_de_France_en_Chine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambassade de France en Chine (page does not exist)">Ambassador of France to China</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Gourdault-Montagne" title="Maurice Gourdault-Montagne">Maurice Gourdault-Montagne</a> (ambassador to China)<a href="#cite_note-185">[184]</a> are also alumni. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other">Other</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Other">edit</a>]</div> The writer <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Proust" title="Marcel Proust">Marcel Proust</a>, the founder of the modern <a href="/wiki/Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympics">Olympics</a> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Coubertin" title="Pierre de Coubertin">Pierre de Coubertin</a>,<a href="#cite_note-186">[185]</a> fashion designer <a href="/wiki/Christian_Dior" title="Christian Dior">Christian Dior</a>, author <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%AFla_Slimani" title="Leïla Slimani">Leïla Slimani</a>, author <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Carr%C3%A8re" title="Emmanuel Carrère">Emmanuel Carrère</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> Professor of political science <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Hoffmann" title="Stanley Hoffmann">Stanley Hoffmann</a>, Chinese linguist <a href="/wiki/Ma_Jianzhong" title="Ma Jianzhong">Ma Jianzhong</a>, Director of <a href="/wiki/Paris_Peace_Forum" title="Paris Peace Forum">Paris Peace Forum</a> <a href="/wiki/Justin_Va%C3%AFsse" title="Justin Vaïsse">Justin Vaïsse</a>, journalist <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Dreyfus" title="Arthur Dreyfus">Arthur Dreyfus</a>, researcher, <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Maruani" title="Margaret Maruani">Margaret Maruani</a>, political scientist <a href="/wiki/Tiago_C._Peixoto" title="Tiago C. Peixoto">Tiago C. Peixoto</a>, and former <a href="/wiki/Le_Monde" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a> editor <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Colombani" title="Jean-Marie Colombani">Jean-Marie Colombani</a> were all graduated from Sciences Po.<a href="#cite_note-187">[186]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_staff">Notable staff</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Notable staff">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_Sciences_Po" title="Category:Academic staff of Sciences Po">Category:Academic staff of Sciences Po</a></div> Jurist and 1907 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> laureate <a href="/wiki/Louis_Renault_(jurist)" title="Louis Renault (jurist)">Louis Renault</a> taught international law at Sciences Po from its foundation in 1875 until his death in 1918. Arbitrator <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Gaillard" title="Emmanuel Gaillard">Emmanuel Gaillard</a> taught at the Law School until his death.<a href="#cite_note-188">[187]</a> Economist <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Fitoussi" title="Jean-Paul Fitoussi">Jean-Paul Fitoussi</a> taught at Sciences Po from 1982 to 2010. <a href="/wiki/Michel_Aglietta" title="Michel Aglietta">Michel Aglietta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yann_Algan" title="Yann Algan">Yann Algan</a> also taught economics there. The philosopher, anthropologist and sociologist <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Latour" title="Bruno Latour">Bruno Latour</a> taught at Sciences Po from 2006 until his death in 2022.<a href="#cite_note-189">[188]</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Janet" title="Paul Janet">Paul Janet</a> also taught philosophy at Sciences Po.<a href="#cite_note-:722-190">[189]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Gros" title="Frédéric Gros">Frédéric Gros</a> teaches philosophy at Sciences Po.<a href="#cite_note-191">[190]</a> The sociologists <a href="/wiki/Michel_Crozier" title="Michel Crozier">Michel Crozier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Erhard_Friedberg" title="Erhard Friedberg">Erhard Friedberg</a> taught at Sciences Po and founded its sociology department (<a href="/wiki/Center_for_the_Sociology_of_Organizations" title="Center for the Sociology of Organizations">Center for the Sociology of Organizations</a>).<a href="#cite_note-:10-19">[19]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Hassner" title="Pierre Hassner">Pierre Hassner</a>, a French geopolitologist and philosopher, was director emeritus of Research at the Sciences Po Center for International Studies and Research. <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Renouvin" title="Pierre Renouvin">Pierre Renouvin</a>, a French historian of international relations, taught at Sciences Po from 1938 to 1970. <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Duroselle" title="Jean-Baptiste Duroselle">Jean-Baptiste Duroselle</a> taught from 1946 to 1983.<a href="#cite_note-192">[191]</a> More recently, <a href="/wiki/Gilles_Kepel" title="Gilles Kepel">Gilles Kepel</a> taught there starting from 2001.<a href="#cite_note-193">[192]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Parodi" title="Jean-Luc Parodi">Jean-Luc Parodi</a>, a French political scientist, worked at the Sciences Po Center of Political Research for the entirety of his career. <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lie_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Élie Halévy">Élie Halévy</a> taught history of English political ideas and socialism at Sciences Po from 1896 until his death in 1937. <a href="/wiki/Raoul_Girardet" title="Raoul Girardet">Raoul Girardet</a> started teaching at Sciences Po in 1956.<a href="#cite_note-:10-19">[19]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_R%C3%A9mond" title="René Rémond">René Rémond</a> taught history starting from 1956. <a href="/wiki/Marc_Lazar" title="Marc Lazar">Marc Lazar</a> taught history from 1999 to 2022.<a href="#cite_note-:10-19">[19]</a> Among French presidents, <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Raymond Poincaré">Raymond Poincaré</a> taught at Sciences Po in the 1900s,<a href="#cite_note-194">[193]</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Paul_Deschanel" title="Paul Deschanel">Paul Deschanel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-195">[194]</a> <a href="/wiki/Georges_Pompidou" title="Georges Pompidou">Georges Pompidou</a> taught philosophy at Sciences Po starting from the 1950s.<a href="#cite_note-:3-28">[27]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a> taught economics in the 1960s.<a href="#cite_note-196">[195]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande" title="François Hollande">François Hollande</a> was an adjunct lecturer in economics at Sciences Po until 1991.<a href="#cite_note-197">[196]</a> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> was an adjunct lecturer in philosophy in the mid-2000s.<a href="#cite_note-198">[197]</a>,<a href="#cite_note-199">[198]</a> The Prime minister <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Barre" title="Raymond Barre">Raymond Barre</a> taught economics starting from the 1960s.<a href="#cite_note-200">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidents_of_the_FNSP_and_directors_of_Sciences_Po">Presidents of the FNSP and directors of Sciences Po</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Presidents of the FNSP and directors of Sciences Po">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="National_foundation_of_Sciences_Po_(FNSP)">National foundation of Sciences Po (FNSP)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: National foundation of Sciences Po (FNSP)">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>1945–1959 : <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Siegfried" title="André Siegfried">André Siegfried</a></li> <li>1959–1971 : <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Renouvin" title="Pierre Renouvin">Pierre Renouvin</a></li> <li>1971–1981 : François Goguel</li> <li>1981–2007 : <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_R%C3%A9mond" title="René Rémond">René Rémond</a></li> <li>2007–2016 : <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Casanova" title="Jean-Claude Casanova">Jean-Claude Casanova</a></li> <li>2016–2021 : <a href="/wiki/Olivier_Duhamel" title="Olivier Duhamel">Olivier Duhamel</a></li> <li>2021–present : <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Bertrand_Dorl%C3%A9ac" title="Laurence Bertrand Dorléac">Laurence Bertrand Dorléac</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sciences_Po">Sciences Po</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Sciences Po">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:1091px;max-width:1091px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:91px;max-width:91px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:EmileBoutmy_PereDeSciencesPo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/EmileBoutmy_PereDeSciencesPo.jpg/89px-EmileBoutmy_PereDeSciencesPo.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/EmileBoutmy_PereDeSciencesPo.jpg/134px-EmileBoutmy_PereDeSciencesPo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/EmileBoutmy_PereDeSciencesPo.jpg/178px-EmileBoutmy_PereDeSciencesPo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="450" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Boutmy" title="Émile Boutmy">Émile Boutmy</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:204px;max-width:204px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Eugene_d%27Eichthal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eugene_d%27Eichthal.jpg/202px-Eugene_d%27Eichthal.jpg" decoding="async" width="202" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eugene_d%27Eichthal.jpg/303px-Eugene_d%27Eichthal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Eugene_d%27Eichthal.jpg/404px-Eugene_d%27Eichthal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="742" data-file-height="417" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center">Eugène d'Eichthal</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:75px;max-width:75px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_Seydoux.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Roger Seydoux" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Roger_Seydoux.jpg/73px-Roger_Seydoux.jpg" decoding="async" width="73" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Roger_Seydoux.jpg/110px-Roger_Seydoux.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Roger_Seydoux.jpg/146px-Roger_Seydoux.jpg 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="706" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Seydoux" title="Roger Seydoux">Roger Seydoux</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:103px;max-width:103px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Michel_Gentot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Michel Gentot" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Michel_Gentot.jpg/101px-Michel_Gentot.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Michel_Gentot.jpg/152px-Michel_Gentot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Michel_Gentot.jpg/202px-Michel_Gentot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="371" data-file-height="417" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center">Michel Gentot</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:103px;max-width:103px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Vignette_lancelot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Alain Lancelot" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Vignette_lancelot.jpg/101px-Vignette_lancelot.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Vignette_lancelot.jpg/152px-Vignette_lancelot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Vignette_lancelot.jpg/202px-Vignette_lancelot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="400" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center">Alain Lancelot</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:83px;max-width:83px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Richard-descoings-sciences-po_925818.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Richard Descoings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Richard-descoings-sciences-po_925818.jpg/81px-Richard-descoings-sciences-po_925818.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Richard-descoings-sciences-po_925818.jpg/122px-Richard-descoings-sciences-po_925818.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Richard-descoings-sciences-po_925818.jpg/162px-Richard-descoings-sciences-po_925818.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="900" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Descoings" title="Richard Descoings">Richard Descoings</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:67px;max-width:67px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mion.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Frédéric Mion" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mion.png/65px-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mion.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mion.png/98px-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mion.png/130px-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mion.png 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="638" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mion" title="Frédéric Mion">Frédéric Mion</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:113px;max-width:113px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Mathias_Vicherat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Mathias Vicherat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Mathias_Vicherat.jpg/111px-Mathias_Vicherat.jpg" decoding="async" width="111" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Mathias_Vicherat.jpg/167px-Mathias_Vicherat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Mathias_Vicherat.jpg/222px-Mathias_Vicherat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1141" data-file-height="1174" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Mathias_Vicherat" title="Mathias Vicherat">Mathias Vicherat</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:82px;max-width:82px"><div style="height:113px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Ambassadeur_Vassy_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Luis Vassy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Ambassadeur_Vassy_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-Ambassadeur_Vassy_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Ambassadeur_Vassy_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Ambassadeur_Vassy_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Ambassadeur_Vassy_%28cropped%29.jpg/160px-Ambassadeur_Vassy_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="1404" /></a></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Vassy" title="Luis Vassy">Luis Vassy</a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div>Directors of the Paris Institute of Political Studies and Administrators of the National Foundation of Political Sciences</div></div></div></div> <ul><li>1872–1906 : <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Boutmy" title="Émile Boutmy">Émile Boutmy</a></li> <li>1906–1936 : Eugène d'Eichthal</li> <li>1945–1947 : <a href="/wiki/Roger_Seydoux" title="Roger Seydoux">Roger Seydoux</a></li> <li>1947–1979 : Jacques Chapsal</li> <li>1979–1987 : Michel Gentot</li> <li>1987–1996: Alain Lancelot</li> <li>1997–2012: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Descoings" title="Richard Descoings">Richard Descoings</a></li> <li>2013–2021: <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mion" title="Frédéric Mion">Frédéric Mion</a></li> <li>2021–2024: <a href="/wiki/Mathias_Vicherat" title="Mathias Vicherat">Mathias Vicherat</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Bass%C3%A8res" title="Jean Bassères">Jean Bassères</a> (interim)</li> <li>2024–present: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Vassy" title="Luis Vassy">Luis Vassy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Diploma_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Diploma_icon.png/19px-Diploma_icon.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Diploma_icon.png/29px-Diploma_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Diploma_icon.png/38px-Diploma_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Education">Education</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/21px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/42px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Professional_Schools_of_International_Affairs" title="Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs">Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27administration" title="École nationale d'administration">École nationale d'administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandes_%C3%A9coles" class="mw-redirect" title="Grandes écoles">Grandes écoles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grands_%C3%A9tablissements" title="Grands établissements">Grands établissements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituts_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques" title="Instituts d'études politiques">Instituts d'études politiques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sciences_Po_honorary_doctorate_laureates" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Sciences Po honorary doctorate laureates">List of Sciences Po honorary doctorate laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_School_of_International_Affairs" title="Paris School of International Affairs">Paris School of International Affairs</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> While the school's statutes were registered by a notary in December 1871, the school opened in 1872. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://etudiant.lefigaro.fr/les-news/actu/detail/article/sciences-po-rejoint-la-conference-des-grandes-ecoles-21049/">"Sciences Po rejoint la Conférence des grandes écoles"</a>. 30 June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190507140252/https://etudiant.lefigaro.fr/les-news/actu/detail/article/sciences-po-rejoint-la-conference-des-grandes-ecoles-21049/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sciences+Po+rejoint+la+Conf%C3%A9rence+des+grandes+%C3%A9coles&rft.date=2016-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fetudiant.lefigaro.fr%2Fles-news%2Factu%2Fdetail%2Farticle%2Fsciences-po-rejoint-la-conference-des-grandes-ecoles-21049%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Governance_&_Budget-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Governance_&_Budget_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Governance_&_Budget_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/about/governance-and-budget">"Governance & Budget"</a>. Sciences Po. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220817235044/https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/about/governance-and-budget/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=Governance+%26+Budget&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fgovernance-and-budget&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/04/10/sciences-po-l-historienne-laurence-bertrand-dorleac-qualifiee-pour-prendre-la-tete-de-la-fnsp_6076259_3224.html">"Sciences Po : l'historienne Laurence Bertrand Dorléac qualifiée pour prendre la tête de la FNSP"</a>. Le Monde.fr (in French). 10 April 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210419102301/https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/04/10/sciences-po-l-historienne-laurence-bertrand-dorleac-qualifiee-pour-prendre-la-tete-de-la-fnsp_6076259_3224.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 17 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+%3A+l%27historienne+Laurence+Bertrand+Dorl%C3%A9ac+qualifi%C3%A9e+pour+prendre+la+t%C3%AAte+de+la+FNSP&rft.date=2021-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fsociete%2Farticle%2F2021%2F04%2F10%2Fsciences-po-l-historienne-laurence-bertrand-dorleac-qualifiee-pour-prendre-la-tete-de-la-fnsp_6076259_3224.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cepr.org/about/news/cepr-research-fellow-sergei-guriev-appointed-sciences-po-provost">"CEPR Research Fellow Sergeï Guriev appointed Sciences Po Provost"</a>. CEPR. 26 July 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220817235038/https://cepr.org/about/news/cepr-research-fellow-sergei-guriev-appointed-sciences-po-provost">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CEPR&rft.atitle=CEPR+Research+Fellow+Serge%C3%AF+Guriev+appointed+Sciences+Po+Provost&rft.date=2022-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcepr.org%2Fabout%2Fnews%2Fcepr-research-fellow-sergei-guriev-appointed-sciences-po-provost&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/about/overview-facts-and-figures/">"Overview: Facts & Figures"</a>. facts.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Overview%3A+Facts+%26+Figures&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fen%2Fabout%2Foverview-facts-and-figures%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/about/overview-facts-and-figures/">"Overview: Facts & Figures"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Overview%3A+Facts+%26+Figures&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fen%2Fabout%2Foverview-facts-and-figures%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ffa-dff.org/fr/e3026/sciences-po---campus-europeen-franco-allemand-a-nancy">"Sciences Po Paris, Campus européen franco-allemand à Nancy - Forum Franco-Allemand"</a>. www.ffa-dff.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220817235038/https://www.ffa-dff.org/fr/e3026/sciences-po---campus-europeen-franco-allemand-a-nancy">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2022. 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Review of International Studies. 40 (4): 803–824. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0260210513000521">10.1017/S0260210513000521</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0260-2105">0260-2105</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145486611">145486611</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230623211513/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/review-of-international-studies/article/abs/ir-in-france-state-and-costs-of-a-disciplinary-variety/38E758934BDBBEF22730F9BC4A30B4C7">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Review+of+International+Studies&rft.atitle=IR+in+France%3A+state+and+costs+of+a+disciplinary+variety&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=803-824&rft.date=2014-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145486611%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0260-2105&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0260210513000521&rft.aulast=Chillaud&rft.aufirst=Matthieu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Freview-of-international-studies%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fir-in-france-state-and-costs-of-a-disciplinary-variety%2F38E758934BDBBEF22730F9BC4A30B4C7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFfigaro2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">figaro, le (2 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://etudiant.lefigaro.fr/les-news/actu/detail/article/l-utilisation-du-nom-sciences-po-est-desormais-reglementee-10963/">"L'utilisation du nom «Sciences Po» est désormais réglementée"</a>. Le Figaro Etudiant (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230623211514/https://etudiant.lefigaro.fr/les-news/actu/detail/article/l-utilisation-du-nom-sciences-po-est-desormais-reglementee-10963/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Figaro+Etudiant&rft.atitle=L%27utilisation+du+nom+%C2%ABSciences+Po%C2%BB+est+d%C3%A9sormais+r%C3%A9glement%C3%A9e&rft.date=2015-02-02&rft.aulast=figaro&rft.aufirst=le&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fetudiant.lefigaro.fr%2Fles-news%2Factu%2Fdetail%2Farticle%2Fl-utilisation-du-nom-sciences-po-est-desormais-reglementee-10963%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScience" class="citation web cs1">Science, London School of Economics and Political. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lse.ac.uk/about-lse/civica/civica-continues-expansion.aspx">"CIVICA gets greenlight from the European Commission"</a>. London School of Economics and Political Science. Retrieved 17 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=London+School+of+Economics+and+Political+Science&rft.atitle=CIVICA+gets+greenlight+from+the+European+Commission&rft.aulast=Science&rft.aufirst=London+School+of+Economics+and+Political&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lse.ac.uk%2Fabout-lse%2Fcivica%2Fcivica-continues-expansion.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:10_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_19-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_19-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_19-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_19-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScot2022" class="citation book cs1">Scot, Marie (2022). Sciences Po, le roman vrai. Sciences Po, les presses. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-7246-3915-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-7246-3915-5"><bdi>978-2-7246-3915-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sciences+Po%2C+le+roman+vrai&rft.pub=Sciences+Po%2C+les+presses&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-2-7246-3915-5&rft.aulast=Scot&rft.aufirst=Marie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-21"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_21-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeblondLeblond2013" class="citation book cs1">Leblond, François; Leblond, Renaud (2013). Émile Boutmy, le père de Science Po. A. Carrière. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-84337-698-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-84337-698-6"><bdi>978-2-84337-698-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C3%89mile+Boutmy%2C+le+p%C3%A8re+de+Science+Po&rft.pub=A.+Carri%C3%A8re&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-2-84337-698-6&rft.aulast=Leblond&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft.au=Leblond%2C+Renaud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nouvelobs.com/education/20130114.OBS5306/emile-boutmy-l-inventeur-de-sciences-po-modele-du-defunt-richard-descoings.html">"Emile Boutmy, l'inventeur de Sciences Po, modèle du défunt Richard Descoings"</a>. L'Obs. 14 January 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210121121916/https://www.nouvelobs.com/education/20130114.OBS5306/emile-boutmy-l-inventeur-de-sciences-po-modele-du-defunt-richard-descoings.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=L%27Obs&rft.atitle=Emile+Boutmy%2C+l%27inventeur+de+Sciences+Po%2C+mod%C3%A8le+du+d%C3%A9funt+Richard+Descoings&rft.date=2013-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nouvelobs.com%2Feducation%2F20130114.OBS5306%2Femile-boutmy-l-inventeur-de-sciences-po-modele-du-defunt-richard-descoings.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-purpose-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-purpose_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-purpose_23-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-purpose_23-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051012215250/http://chevs.sciences-po.fr/archives/fonds/sciences_po_2_en.htm">"Sciences Po Institut d'études politiques Fondation nationale des sciences politiques 1945-1979"</a>. Centre d’histoire de Sciences Po. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chevs.sciences-po.fr/archives/fonds/sciences_po_2_en.htm">the original</a> on 12 October 2005. Retrieved 21 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Centre+d%E2%80%99histoire+de+Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+Institut+d%27%C3%A9tudes+politiques+Fondation+nationale+des+sciences+politiques+1945-1979&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchevs.sciences-po.fr%2Farchives%2Ffonds%2Fsciences_po_2_en.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-monde-diplomatique.fr-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-monde-diplomatique.fr_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-monde-diplomatique.fr_24-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarrigou1999" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Garrigou, Alain (March 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/1999/03/GARRIGOU/2830">"Sciences-Po, laminoir des élites françaises"</a>. Le Monde diplomatique (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210508000249/https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/1999/03/GARRIGOU/2830">Archived</a> from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 21 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde+diplomatique&rft.atitle=Sciences-Po%2C+laminoir+des+%C3%A9lites+fran%C3%A7aises&rft.date=1999-03&rft.aulast=Garrigou&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-diplomatique.fr%2F1999%2F03%2FGARRIGOU%2F2830&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNord2002" class="citation book cs1">Nord, Philip (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rCfPBj-7g2IC&q=Reform,+Conservation+and+Adaptation:+Sciences+Po,+from+the+Popular+Front+to+the+Liberation&pg=PA115">The Jacobin Legacy in Modern France: Essays in Honour of Vincent Wright</a>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 116. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199256464" title="Special:BookSources/9780199256464"><bdi>9780199256464</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409131955/https://books.google.com/books?id=rCfPBj-7g2IC&q=Reform,+Conservation+and+Adaptation:+Sciences+Po,+from+the+Popular+Front+to+the+Liberation&pg=PA115">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 30 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jacobin+Legacy+in+Modern+France%3A+Essays+in+Honour+of+Vincent+Wright&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=116&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780199256464&rft.aulast=Nord&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrCfPBj-7g2IC%26q%3DReform%2C%2BConservation%2Band%2BAdaptation%3A%2BSciences%2BPo%2C%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2BPopular%2BFront%2Bto%2Bthe%2BLiberation%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dahrendorf-26"><a href="#cite_ref-Dahrendorf_26-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WxC2AAAAIAAJ&q=Paris">LSE: A History of the London School of Economics and Political Science, 1895–1995</a>. Oxford University Press. 1 June 1995. p. 73. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198202400" title="Special:BookSources/9780198202400"><bdi>9780198202400</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607150837/https://books.google.com/books?id=WxC2AAAAIAAJ&q=Paris">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=LSE%3A+A+History+of+the+London+School+of+Economics+and+Political+Science%2C+1895%E2%80%931995&rft.pages=73&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.isbn=9780198202400&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWxC2AAAAIAAJ%26q%3DParis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPage" class="citation journal cs1">Page, Arnaud. "Socialisme et sciences sociales : Sidney Webb et la création de la London School of Economics". OpenEdition Journals.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=OpenEdition+Journals&rft.atitle=Socialisme+et+sciences+sociales+%3A+Sidney+Webb+et+la+cr%C3%A9ation+de+la+London+School+of+Economics&rft.aulast=Page&rft.aufirst=Arnaud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_28-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_28-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_28-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_28-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVincentDethomas1987" class="citation book cs1">Vincent, Gérard; Dethomas, Anne-Marie (January 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pDNYDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22sciences+po%22+%22london+school+of+economics%22&pg=PT300">Sciences po: Histoire d'une réussite</a>. Plon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782259260770" title="Special:BookSources/9782259260770"><bdi>9782259260770</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409131956/https://books.google.com/books?id=pDNYDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22sciences+po%22+%22london+school+of+economics%22&pg=PT300">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 22 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sciences+po%3A+Histoire+d%27une+r%C3%A9ussite&rft.pub=Plon&rft.date=1987-01&rft.isbn=9782259260770&rft.aulast=Vincent&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A9rard&rft.au=Dethomas%2C+Anne-Marie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpDNYDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522sciences%2Bpo%2522%2B%2522london%2Bschool%2Bof%2Beconomics%2522%26pg%3DPT300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr/sciences-po-une-histoire-coloniale/former-une-elite-coloniale-laube-du-xxe-siecle">"Former une élite coloniale à l'aube du XXe siècle | SciencesPo - Dossiers documentaires"</a>. dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002183341/http://dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr/sciences-po-une-histoire-coloniale/former-une-elite-coloniale-laube-du-xxe-siecle">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 24 August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Former+une+%C3%A9lite+coloniale+%C3%A0+l%27aube+du+XXe+si%C3%A8cle+%7C+SciencesPo+-+Dossiers+documentaires&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr%2Fsciences-po-une-histoire-coloniale%2Fformer-une-elite-coloniale-laube-du-xxe-siecle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/FNSPMA13HI21">"1886-1887 : Programme de l'Ecole libre des sciences politiques : Ecole libre des sciences politiques (Paris) : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming"</a>. Internet Archive. 1886. Retrieved 24 August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=1886-1887+%3A+Programme+de+l%27Ecole+libre+des+sciences+politiques+%3A+Ecole+libre+des+sciences+politiques+%28Paris%29+%3A+Free+Download%2C+Borrow%2C+and+Streaming&rft.date=1886&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FFNSPMA13HI21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr/sciences-po-une-histoire-coloniale/une-vision-liberale-de-la-colonisation#toc-l-enseignement-colonial-sciences-po">"Une vision libérale de la colonisation | SciencesPo - Dossiers documentaires"</a>. dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002161204/http://dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr/sciences-po-une-histoire-coloniale/une-vision-liberale-de-la-colonisation#toc-l-enseignement-colonial-sciences-po">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 24 August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Une+vision+lib%C3%A9rale+de+la+colonisation+%7C+SciencesPo+-+Dossiers+documentaires&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr%2Fsciences-po-une-histoire-coloniale%2Fune-vision-liberale-de-la-colonisation%23toc-l-enseignement-colonial-sciences-po&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr/sciences-po-une-histoire-coloniale/former-une-elite-coloniale-laube-du-xxe-siecle#toc-la-concurrence-de-l-cole-coloniale">"Former une élite coloniale à l'aube du XXe siècle | SciencesPo - Dossiers documentaires"</a>. dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002183341/http://dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr/sciences-po-une-histoire-coloniale/former-une-elite-coloniale-laube-du-xxe-siecle#toc-la-concurrence-de-l-cole-coloniale">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 24 August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Former+une+%C3%A9lite+coloniale+%C3%A0+l%27aube+du+XXe+si%C3%A8cle+%7C+SciencesPo+-+Dossiers+documentaires&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdossiers-bibliotheque.sciencespo.fr%2Fsciences-po-une-histoire-coloniale%2Fformer-une-elite-coloniale-laube-du-xxe-siecle%23toc-la-concurrence-de-l-cole-coloniale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150813084954/http://www.charles-de-gaulle.com/the-stateman/the-modernisation-of-the-country/reform-of-the-civil-service.html">"Reform of the civil service"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.charles-de-gaulle.com/the-stateman/the-modernisation-of-the-country/reform-of-the-civil-service.html">the original</a> on 13 August 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Reform+of+the+civil+service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.charles-de-gaulle.com%2Fthe-stateman%2Fthe-modernisation-of-the-country%2Freform-of-the-civil-service.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNord2002" class="citation book cs1">Nord, Philip (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rCfPBj-7g2IC&q=Reform,+Conservation+and+Adaptation:+Sciences+Po,+from+the+Popular+Front+to+the+Liberation&pg=PA115">The Jacobin Legacy in Modern France: Essays in Honour of Vincent Wright</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 138. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199256464" title="Special:BookSources/9780199256464"><bdi>9780199256464</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409131955/https://books.google.com/books?id=rCfPBj-7g2IC&q=Reform,+Conservation+and+Adaptation:+Sciences+Po,+from+the+Popular+Front+to+the+Liberation&pg=PA115">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jacobin+Legacy+in+Modern+France%3A+Essays+in+Honour+of+Vincent+Wright&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=138&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780199256464&rft.aulast=Nord&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrCfPBj-7g2IC%26q%3DReform%2C%2BConservation%2Band%2BAdaptation%3A%2BSciences%2BPo%2C%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2BPopular%2BFront%2Bto%2Bthe%2BLiberation%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_35-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDejean2023" class="citation book cs1">Dejean, Mathieu (2023). Sciences po, l'école de la domination. Paris: La Fabrique éditions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-35872-253-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-35872-253-7"><bdi>978-2-35872-253-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sciences+po%2C+l%27%C3%A9cole+de+la+domination&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=La+Fabrique+%C3%A9ditions&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-2-35872-253-7&rft.aulast=Dejean&rft.aufirst=Mathieu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-duality-36"><a href="#cite_ref-duality_36-0">^</a> "Le statut juridique de Sciences Po: la dualité FNSP et IEP de Paris" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciences-po.fr/presse/sciencespo_infos/cc/txt_1.htm">Centre d'histoire de Sciences Po</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040620154019/http://www.sciences-po.fr/presse/sciencespo_infos/cc/txt_1.htm">Archived</a> 20 June 2004 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNord2002" class="citation book cs1">Nord, Philip (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rCfPBj-7g2IC&q=Reform,+Conservation+and+Adaptation:+Sciences+Po,+from+the+Popular+Front+to+the+Liberation&pg=PA115">The Jacobin Legacy in Modern France: Essays in Honour of Vincent Wright</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199256464" title="Special:BookSources/9780199256464"><bdi>9780199256464</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409131955/https://books.google.com/books?id=rCfPBj-7g2IC&q=Reform,+Conservation+and+Adaptation:+Sciences+Po,+from+the+Popular+Front+to+the+Liberation&pg=PA115">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jacobin+Legacy+in+Modern+France%3A+Essays+in+Honour+of+Vincent+Wright&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780199256464&rft.aulast=Nord&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrCfPBj-7g2IC%26q%3DReform%2C%2BConservation%2Band%2BAdaptation%3A%2BSciences%2BPo%2C%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2BPopular%2BFront%2Bto%2Bthe%2BLiberation%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDevine,_Summerfield1998" class="citation book cs1">Devine, Summerfield (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tntEAgAAQBAJ&q=International+Dictionary+of+University+Histories+ecole+nationale&pg=PA146">International Dictionary of University Histories</a>. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p. 147. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781134262175" title="Special:BookSources/9781134262175"><bdi>9781134262175</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409132010/https://books.google.com/books?id=tntEAgAAQBAJ&q=International+Dictionary+of+University+Histories+ecole+nationale&pg=PA146">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Dictionary+of+University+Histories&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=147&rft.pub=Fitzroy+Dearborn+Publishers&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9781134262175&rft.au=Devine%2C+Summerfield&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtntEAgAAQBAJ%26q%3DInternational%2BDictionary%2Bof%2BUniversity%2BHistories%2Becole%2Bnationale%26pg%3DPA146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNord2002" class="citation book cs1">Nord, Philip (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rCfPBj-7g2IC&q=Reform,+Conservation+and+Adaptation:+Sciences+Po,+from+the+Popular+Front+to+the+Liberation&pg=PA115">The Jacobin Legacy in Modern France: Essays in Honour of Vincent Wright</a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 117. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199256464" title="Special:BookSources/9780199256464"><bdi>9780199256464</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409131955/https://books.google.com/books?id=rCfPBj-7g2IC&q=Reform,+Conservation+and+Adaptation:+Sciences+Po,+from+the+Popular+Front+to+the+Liberation&pg=PA115">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jacobin+Legacy+in+Modern+France%3A+Essays+in+Honour+of+Vincent+Wright&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=117&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780199256464&rft.aulast=Nord&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrCfPBj-7g2IC%26q%3DReform%2C%2BConservation%2Band%2BAdaptation%3A%2BSciences%2BPo%2C%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2BPopular%2BFront%2Bto%2Bthe%2BLiberation%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LM-2021-01-08-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LM-2021-01-08_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LM-2021-01-08_40-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LM-2021-01-08_40-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LM-2021-01-08_40-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/01/08/sciences-po-c-ur-du-pouvoir-d-olivier-duhamel-ebranle-par-sa-chute_6065551_3224.html">"Sciences Po, cœur du pouvoir d'Olivier Duhamel"</a>. Le Monde.fr. 8 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306192856/https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/01/08/sciences-po-c-ur-du-pouvoir-d-olivier-duhamel-ebranle-par-sa-chute_6065551_3224.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2021 – via Le Monde.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po%2C+c%C5%93ur+du+pouvoir+d%27Olivier+Duhamel&rft.date=2021-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fsociete%2Farticle%2F2021%2F01%2F08%2Fsciences-po-c-ur-du-pouvoir-d-olivier-duhamel-ebranle-par-sa-chute_6065551_3224.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoack2014" class="citation news cs1">Noack, Rick (29 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2014/10/29/7-countries-where-americans-can-study-at-universities-in-english-for-free-or-almost-free/">"7 countries where Americans can study at universities, in English, for free (or almost free)"</a>. The Washington Post. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171116134955/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2014/10/29/7-countries-where-americans-can-study-at-universities-in-english-for-free-or-almost-free/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 November 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=7+countries+where+Americans+can+study+at+universities%2C+in+English%2C+for+free+%28or+almost+free%29&rft.date=2014-10-29&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Noack&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fworldviews%2Fwp%2F2014%2F10%2F29%2F7-countries-where-americans-can-study-at-universities-in-english-for-free-or-almost-free%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYUsource-42"><a href="#cite_ref-NYUsource_42-0">^</a> "Sciences Po ― an elite institution's introspection on its power, position and worth in French society" NYU Department of Journalism, 9 September 2003. </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahlenberg2011" class="citation web cs1">Kahlenberg, Richard D. (13 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chronicle.com/blogs/innovations/an-affirmative-action-success/30333">"An Affirmative-Action Success"</a>. The Chronicle of Higher Education Blogs: Innovations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150710011431/http://chronicle.com/blogs/innovations/an-affirmative-action-success/30333">Archived</a> from the original on 10 July 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Chronicle+of+Higher+Education+Blogs%3A+Innovations&rft.atitle=An+Affirmative-Action+Success&rft.date=2011-09-13&rft.aulast=Kahlenberg&rft.aufirst=Richard+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chronicle.com%2Fblogs%2Finnovations%2Fan-affirmative-action-success%2F30333&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/05/world/europe/05iht-educLede05.html">"In France, a Bastion of Privilege No More"</a>. The New York Times. 4 September 2011. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170221010804/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/05/world/europe/05iht-educLede05.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+France%2C+a+Bastion+of+Privilege+No+More&rft.date=2011-09-04&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F09%2F05%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F05iht-educLede05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaillard2015" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Maillard, Benoît Floc'h et Matteo (16 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/campus/article/2015/01/16/sciences-po-paris-moins-de-candidats-mais-un-recrutement-plus-diversifie_4558138_4401467.html">"Sciences Po Paris : 64% des admis viennent de province"</a>. Le Monde (in French). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1950-6244">1950-6244</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171006022330/http://www.lemonde.fr/campus/article/2015/01/16/sciences-po-paris-moins-de-candidats-mais-un-recrutement-plus-diversifie_4558138_4401467.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2017. Retrieved 9 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+Paris+%3A+64%25+des+admis+viennent+de+province&rft.date=2015-01-16&rft.issn=1950-6244&rft.aulast=Maillard&rft.aufirst=Beno%C3%AEt+Floc%27h+et+Matteo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fcampus%2Farticle%2F2015%2F01%2F16%2Fsciences-po-paris-moins-de-candidats-mais-un-recrutement-plus-diversifie_4558138_4401467.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLindgaard2009" class="citation web cs1">Lindgaard, Jade (13 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/111009/sciences-po-bienvenue-la-cour-du-roi-richard">"Sciences-Po: bienvenue à la Cour du roi Richard!"</a>. Mediapart. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170427101625/https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/111009/sciences-po-bienvenue-la-cour-du-roi-richard">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2017. Retrieved 26 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mediapart&rft.atitle=Sciences-Po%3A+bienvenue+%C3%A0+la+Cour+du+roi+Richard%21&rft.date=2009-10-13&rft.aulast=Lindgaard&rft.aufirst=Jade&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediapart.fr%2Fjournal%2Ffrance%2F111009%2Fsciences-po-bienvenue-la-cour-du-roi-richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/formation/2012/10/08/09006-20121008ARTFIG00605-sciences-po-la-cour-des-comptes-accable-descoings.php">"Sciences Po: la Cour des comptes accable Descoigns"</a>. 8 October 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190705004121/http://www.lefigaro.fr/formation/2012/10/08/09006-20121008ARTFIG00605-sciences-po-la-cour-des-comptes-accable-descoings.php">Archived</a> from the original on 5 July 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sciences+Po%3A+la+Cour+des+comptes+accable+Descoigns&rft.date=2012-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lefigaro.fr%2Fformation%2F2012%2F10%2F08%2F09006-20121008ARTFIG00605-sciences-po-la-cour-des-comptes-accable-descoings.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrafman2013" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Brafman, Nathalie (2 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/enseignement-superieur/article/2013/03/02/un-pur-produit-de-l-elite-francaise-pour-sciences-po_1841735_1473692.html">"Un pur produit de l'élite française pour Sciences Po"</a>. Le Monde (in French). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1950-6244">1950-6244</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170729224622/http://www.lemonde.fr/enseignement-superieur/article/2013/03/02/un-pur-produit-de-l-elite-francaise-pour-sciences-po_1841735_1473692.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Un+pur+produit+de+l%27%C3%A9lite+fran%C3%A7aise+pour+Sciences+Po&rft.date=2013-03-02&rft.issn=1950-6244&rft.aulast=Brafman&rft.aufirst=Nathalie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fenseignement-superieur%2Farticle%2F2013%2F03%2F02%2Fun-pur-produit-de-l-elite-francaise-pour-sciences-po_1841735_1473692.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2018/01/19/01016-20180119ARTFIG00087-frederic-mion-invente-le-science-po-de-2022.php">"Frédéric Mion invente le Sciences Po de 2022"</a>. Le Figaro (in French). 19 January 2018. Retrieved 22 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Figaro&rft.atitle=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric+Mion+invente+le+Sciences+Po+de+2022&rft.date=2018-01-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lefigaro.fr%2Factualite-france%2F2018%2F01%2F19%2F01016-20180119ARTFIG00087-frederic-mion-invente-le-science-po-de-2022.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etudiant.lefigaro.fr/orientation/actus-et-conseils/detail/article/sciences-po-ouvre-une-ecole-des-affaires-publiques-16671/">"Sciences Po ouvre une "École des affaires publiques""</a>. Le Figaro Etudiant (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170610100425/http://etudiant.lefigaro.fr/orientation/actus-et-conseils/detail/article/sciences-po-ouvre-une-ecole-des-affaires-publiques-16671/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Figaro+Etudiant&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+ouvre+une+%22%C3%89cole+des+affaires+publiques%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fetudiant.lefigaro.fr%2Forientation%2Factus-et-conseils%2Fdetail%2Farticle%2Fsciences-po-ouvre-une-ecole-des-affaires-publiques-16671%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lepoint.fr/societe/sciences-po-va-ouvrir-son-ecole-du-management-et-de-l-innovation-03-10-2016-2073221_23.php">"Sciences Po va ouvrir son "école du management et de l'innovation""</a>. Le Point (in French). 3 October 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170809025249/http://www.lepoint.fr/societe/sciences-po-va-ouvrir-son-ecole-du-management-et-de-l-innovation-03-10-2016-2073221_23.php">Archived</a> from the original on 9 August 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Point&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+va+ouvrir+son+%22%C3%A9cole+du+management+et+de+l%27innovation%22&rft.date=2016-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lepoint.fr%2Fsociete%2Fsciences-po-va-ouvrir-son-ecole-du-management-et-de-l-innovation-03-10-2016-2073221_23.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000031740005">Décret n° 2015-1829 du 29 décembre 2015 portant approbation des statuts de la Fondation nationale des sciences politiques</a>, 29 December 2015, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808154557/https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000031740005">archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2017, retrieved 21 June 2017</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=D%C3%A9cret+n%C2%B0+2015-1829+du+29+d%C3%A9cembre+2015+portant+approbation+des+statuts+de+la+Fondation+nationale+des+sciences+politiques&rft.date=2015-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legifrance.gouv.fr%2FaffichTexte.do%3FcidTexte%3DJORFTEXT000031740005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leparisien.fr/paris-75/l-hotel-de-l-artillerie-va-accueillir-le-futur-campus-de-sciences-po-14-05-2017-6948768.php">"L'hôtel de l'Artillerie va accueillir le futur campus de Sciences-po"</a>. Le Parisien. 14 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170718140520/http://www.leparisien.fr/paris-75/l-hotel-de-l-artillerie-va-accueillir-le-futur-campus-de-sciences-po-14-05-2017-6948768.php">Archived</a> from the original on 18 July 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Parisien&rft.atitle=L%27h%C3%B4tel+de+l%27Artillerie+va+accueillir+le+futur+campus+de+Sciences-po&rft.date=2017-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.leparisien.fr%2Fparis-75%2Fl-hotel-de-l-artillerie-va-accueillir-le-futur-campus-de-sciences-po-14-05-2017-6948768.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.franceculture.fr/litterature/la-familia-grande-succes-de-librairie">"La familia grande, livre le plus vendu de la semaine"</a>. 17 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210508032710/https://www.franceculture.fr/litterature/la-familia-grande-succes-de-librairie">Archived</a> from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+familia+grande%2C+livre+le+plus+vendu+de+la+semaine&rft.date=2021-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.franceculture.fr%2Flitterature%2Fla-familia-grande-succes-de-librairie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceG-55"><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceG_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/news/news/first-interview-with-our-new-director-0/6924">"First Interview with our New President"</a>. Sciences Po. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211129203554/https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/news/news/first-interview-with-our-new-director-0/6924">Archived</a> from the original on 29 November 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=First+Interview+with+our+New+President&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Ffirst-interview-with-our-new-director-0%2F6924&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWielsGoury-Laffont2024" class="citation web cs1">Wiels, Jason; Goury-Laffont, Victor (13 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/elite-france-university-boss-mathias-vicherat-resigns-domestic-violence-indictment/">"Elite French university boss resigns amid domestic violence accusations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240313170603/https://www.politico.eu/article/elite-france-university-boss-mathias-vicherat-resigns-domestic-violence-indictment/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 14 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Elite+French+university+boss+resigns+amid+domestic+violence+accusations&rft.date=2024-03-13&rft.aulast=Wiels&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.au=Goury-Laffont%2C+Victor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Felite-france-university-boss-mathias-vicherat-resigns-domestic-violence-indictment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2024/03/26/sciences-po-apres-la-demission-de-mathias-vicherat-jean-basseres-est-nomme-administrateur-provisoire_6224220_3224.html">"Sciences Po : après la démission de Mathias Vicherat, Jean Bassères est nommé administrateur provisoire"</a>. Le Monde.fr (in French). 26 March 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+%3A+apr%C3%A8s+la+d%C3%A9mission+de+Mathias+Vicherat%2C+Jean+Bass%C3%A8res+est+nomm%C3%A9+administrateur+provisoire&rft.date=2024-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fsociete%2Farticle%2F2024%2F03%2F26%2Fsciences-po-apres-la-demission-de-mathias-vicherat-jean-basseres-est-nomme-administrateur-provisoire_6224220_3224.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrance-Presse2024" class="citation news cs1">France-Presse, Agence (30 April 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/30/paris-regional-leader-suspends-sciences-po-funding-over-gaza-protests">"Paris regional leader suspends Sciences Po funding over Gaza protests"</a>. The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. Retrieved 1 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Paris+regional+leader+suspends+Sciences+Po+funding+over+Gaza+protests&rft.date=2024-04-30&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=France-Presse&rft.aufirst=Agence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2024%2Fapr%2F30%2Fparis-regional-leader-suspends-sciences-po-funding-over-gaza-protests&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/fr/actualites/collegiades-7-campus-en-competition">"Collégiades : 7 campus en compétition | Sciences Po Collège universitaire"</a>. SciencesPo.fr. 7 June 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002161136/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/fr/actualites/collegiades-7-campus-en-competition">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SciencesPo.fr&rft.atitle=Coll%C3%A9giades+%3A+7+campus+en+comp%C3%A9tition+%26%23124%3B+Sciences+Po+Coll%C3%A8ge+universitaire&rft.date=2017-06-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Ffr%2Factualites%2Fcollegiades-7-campus-en-competition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/en/about/our-campuses">"Our campuses"</a>. Sciences Po. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170502052835/http://www.sciencespo.fr/en/about/our-campuses">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+campuses&rft.pub=Sciences+Po&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fen%2Fabout%2Four-campuses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.cie.utoronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/SciencesPo-map.jpg">"Le campus"</a>. Sciences Po and University of Toronto. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171006013040/http://blogs.cie.utoronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/SciencesPo-map.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+campus&rft.pub=Sciences+Po+and+University+of+Toronto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.cie.utoronto.ca%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2013%2F09%2FSciencesPo-map.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-62"><a href="#cite_ref-:6_62-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRégibier1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Régibier, Philippe (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4mw-AQAAIAAJ">27 rue Saint-Guillaume: petite chronique d'une grande demeure et de ses habitants, d'après des documents inédits</a> (in French). P. Régibier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-9511292-0-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-9511292-0-7"><bdi>978-2-9511292-0-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved 2 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=27+rue+Saint-Guillaume%3A+petite+chronique+d%27une+grande+demeure+et+de+ses+habitants%2C+d%27apr%C3%A8s+des+documents+in%C3%A9dits&rft.pub=P.+R%C3%A9gibier&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-2-9511292-0-7&rft.aulast=R%C3%A9gibier&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4mw-AQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/paris.html">"Paris campus | Sciences Po Undergraduate College"</a>. 24 February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200928160815/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/paris.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paris+campus+%26%23124%3B+Sciences+Po+Undergraduate+College&rft.date=2017-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus%2Fparis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/lh%C3%B4tel-de-lartillerie">"/ L'Hôtel de l'Artillerie – Sciences Po"</a>. sciencespo.fr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170429032441/http://www.sciencespo.fr/lh%C3%B4tel-de-lartillerie">Archived</a> from the original on 29 April 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=%2F+L%27H%C3%B4tel+de+l%27Artillerie+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Flh%25C3%25B4tel-de-lartillerie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vousnousils.fr/2016/06/17/sciences-po-achete-lhotel-de-lartillerie-pour-creer-un-campus-dans-paris-589719">"Sciences Po achète l'Hôtel de l'Artillerie pour créer un campus dans Paris » VousNousIls"</a>. 17 June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808235830/http://www.vousnousils.fr/2016/06/17/sciences-po-achete-lhotel-de-lartillerie-pour-creer-un-campus-dans-paris-589719">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sciences+Po+ach%C3%A8te+l%27H%C3%B4tel+de+l%27Artillerie+pour+cr%C3%A9er+un+campus+dans+Paris+%C2%BB+VousNousIls&rft.date=2016-06-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vousnousils.fr%2F2016%2F06%2F17%2Fsciences-po-achete-lhotel-de-lartillerie-pour-creer-un-campus-dans-paris-589719&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/nous-soutenir/en/nos_projets/a-shared-home/">"Opening of 1, Saint Thomas Campus"</a>. Sciences Po. 8 March 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230308090728/https://www.sciencespo.fr/nous-soutenir/en/nos_projets/a-shared-home/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=Opening+of+1%2C+Saint+Thomas+Campus&rft.date=2023-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fnous-soutenir%2Fen%2Fnos_projets%2Fa-shared-home%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lesechos.fr/17/06/2016/lesechos.fr/0211041464595_sciences-po-se-dote-d-un-grand-campus-au-coeur-de-paris.htm">"Sciences Po se dote d'un grand campus au cœur de Paris"</a>. Les Échos. France. 17 June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170724032518/https://www.lesechos.fr/17/06/2016/lesechos.fr/0211041464595_sciences-po-se-dote-d-un-grand-campus-au-coeur-de-paris.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Les+%C3%89chos&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+se+dote+d%27un+grand+campus+au+c%C5%93ur+de+Paris&rft.date=2016-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lesechos.fr%2F17%2F06%2F2016%2Flesechos.fr%2F0211041464595_sciences-po-se-dote-d-un-grand-campus-au-coeur-de-paris.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.letudiant.fr/educpros/actualite/l-hotel-de-l-artillerie-future-vitrine-pedagogique-de-sciences-po.html">"L'hôtel de l'Artillerie, future vitrine pédagogique de Sciences po Paris"</a>. www.letudiant.fr. 21 June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108021630/https://www.letudiant.fr/educpros/actualite/l-hotel-de-l-artillerie-future-vitrine-pedagogique-de-sciences-po.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.letudiant.fr&rft.atitle=L%27h%C3%B4tel+de+l%27Artillerie%2C+future+vitrine+p%C3%A9dagogique+de+Sciences+po+Paris&rft.date=2016-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.letudiant.fr%2Feducpros%2Factualite%2Fl-hotel-de-l-artillerie-future-vitrine-pedagogique-de-sciences-po.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/dijon.html">"Dijon campus | Sciences Po Undergraduate College"</a>. 24 February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002160229/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/dijon.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dijon+campus+%26%23124%3B+Sciences+Po+Undergraduate+College&rft.date=2017-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus%2Fdijon.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/dijon">"Dijon Campus"</a>. College. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230919180929/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/dijon/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 September 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=College&rft.atitle=Dijon+Campus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus-life%2Fcampus%2Fdijon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/le-havre.html">"Le Havre campus | Sciences Po Undergraduate College"</a>. 24 February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200928154240/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/le-havre.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+Havre+campus+%26%23124%3B+Sciences+Po+Undergraduate+College&rft.date=2017-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus%2Fle-havre.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/le-havre">"Le Havre campus"</a>. College. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230628060220/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/le-havre/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 June 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=College&rft.atitle=Le+Havre+campus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus-life%2Fcampus%2Fle-havre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/menton.html">"Menton campus | Sciences Po Undergraduate College"</a>. 24 February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200803201131/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/menton.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Menton+campus+%26%23124%3B+Sciences+Po+Undergraduate+College&rft.date=2017-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus%2Fmenton.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/menton">"Menton campus"</a>. College. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230710112641/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/menton/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 July 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=College&rft.atitle=Menton+campus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus-life%2Fcampus%2Fmenton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/nancy.html">"Nancy campus | Sciences Po Undergraduate College"</a>. 23 February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200621174947/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/nancy.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 June 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nancy+campus+%26%23124%3B+Sciences+Po+Undergraduate+College&rft.date=2017-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus%2Fnancy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/nancy">"Nancy campus"</a>. College. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230919180929/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/nancy/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 September 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=College&rft.atitle=Nancy+campus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus-life%2Fcampus%2Fnancy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/poitiers.html">"Poitiers campus | Sciences Po Undergraduate College"</a>. 24 February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200810223454/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/poitiers.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poitiers+campus+%26%23124%3B+Sciences+Po+Undergraduate+College&rft.date=2017-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus%2Fpoitiers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poitiers_campus-78">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Poitiers_campus_78-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poitiers_campus_78-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/poitiers">"Poitiers campus"</a>. College. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230919180927/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/poitiers/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 September 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=College&rft.atitle=Poitiers+campus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus-life%2Fcampus%2Fpoitiers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/reims.html">"Reims campus | Sciences Po Undergraduate College"</a>. 24 February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200928154424/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus/reims.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Reims+campus+%26%23124%3B+Sciences+Po+Undergraduate+College&rft.date=2017-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus%2Freims.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reims_campus-80">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reims_campus_80-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reims_campus_80-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/reims">"Reims campus"</a>. College. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230628092544/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/campus-life/campus/reims/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 June 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=College&rft.atitle=Reims+campus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Fcampus-life%2Fcampus%2Freims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/fr/a-propos/gouvernance-budget/fnsp">"La Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques"</a>. Sciences Po (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221130225733/https://www.sciencespo.fr/fr/a-propos/gouvernance-budget/fnsp/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=La+Fondation+Nationale+des+Sciences+Politiques&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Ffr%2Fa-propos%2Fgouvernance-budget%2Ffnsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/fr/a-propos/gouvernance-budget/institut-detudes-politiques-de-paris">"Institut d'études politiques de Paris"</a>. Sciences Po (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221130225733/https://www.sciencespo.fr/fr/a-propos/gouvernance-budget/institut-detudes-politiques-de-paris/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=Institut+d%27%C3%A9tudes+politiques+de+Paris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Ffr%2Fa-propos%2Fgouvernance-budget%2Finstitut-detudes-politiques-de-paris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/fr/a-propos/gouvernance-budget">"Gouvernance & budget"</a>. Sciences Po (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221130225734/https://www.sciencespo.fr/fr/a-propos/gouvernance-budget/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=Gouvernance+%26+budget&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Ffr%2Fa-propos%2Fgouvernance-budget&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lapeniche.net/sciencespo_budget_vision/">"Sciences Po : quel budget pour quelle(s) vision(s) ?"</a>. La Péniche (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221130225653/https://www.lapeniche.net/sciencespo_budget_vision/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+P%C3%A9niche&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+%3A+quel+budget+pour+quelle%28s%29+vision%28s%29+%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lapeniche.net%2Fsciencespo_budget_vision%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSayare2013" class="citation news cs1">Sayare, Scott (16 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/16/world/europe/sciences-pos-future-cloudy-after-leaders-death.html">"Paris University Scandal Clouds Esteemed Past"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 1 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Paris+University+Scandal+Clouds+Esteemed+Past&rft.date=2013-01-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Sayare&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F01%2F16%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fsciences-pos-future-cloudy-after-leaders-death.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMérieux2022" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mérieux, Alice (28 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.challenges.fr/emploi/formation/le-luxueux-nouveau-campus-de-sciences-po-met-en-tension-son-modele-economique_798243">"Comment Sciences Po va payer son prestigieux nouveau campus?"</a>. Challenges (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221130225655/https://www.challenges.fr/emploi/formation/le-luxueux-nouveau-campus-de-sciences-po-met-en-tension-son-modele-economique_798243">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Challenges&rft.atitle=Comment+Sciences+Po+va+payer+son+prestigieux+nouveau+campus%3F&rft.date=2022-01-28&rft.aulast=M%C3%A9rieux&rft.aufirst=Alice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.challenges.fr%2Femploi%2Fformation%2Fle-luxueux-nouveau-campus-de-sciences-po-met-en-tension-son-modele-economique_798243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SciPo1-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SciPo1_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SciPo1_87-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/education/undergraduate-studies">"Undergraduate Studies"</a>. Sciences Po. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210116190116/http://www.sciencespo.fr/en/education/undergraduate-studies">Archived</a> from the original on 16 January 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=Undergraduate+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fen%2Feducation%2Fundergraduate-studies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bachelor_of_Arts-88">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bachelor_of_Arts_88-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bachelor_of_Arts_88-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bachelor_of_Arts_88-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/academics/bachelor/">"Bachelor of Arts"</a>. College. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230627150857/https://www.sciencespo.fr/college/en/academics/bachelor/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 June 2023. Retrieved 27 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=College&rft.atitle=Bachelor+of+Arts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcollege%2Fen%2Facademics%2Fbachelor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/fr/actualites/actualit%C3%A9s/admissions-post-bac-2021-plus-de-15-000-candidatures-validees-sur-parcoursup-0/5500">"2021 Post-Baccalaueate Admissions: Who entered Sciences PO via general route on Parcoursup?"</a>. Sciences Po. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220516144119/https://www.sciencespo.fr/fr/actualites/actualit%C3%A9s/admissions-post-bac-2021-plus-de-15-000-candidatures-validees-sur-parcoursup-0/5500">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=2021+Post-Baccalaueate+Admissions%3A+Who+entered+Sciences+PO+via+general+route+on+Parcoursup%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Ffr%2Factualites%2Factualit%25C3%25A9s%2Fadmissions-post-bac-2021-plus-de-15-000-candidatures-validees-sur-parcoursup-0%2F5500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/campus/article/2022/10/15/inside-the-mind-of-a-sciences-po-student_6000425_11.html">"Inside the mind of a Sciences Po student"</a>. Le Monde.fr. 15 October 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230623181112/https://www.lemonde.fr/en/campus/article/2022/10/15/inside-the-mind-of-a-sciences-po-student_6000425_11.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Inside+the+mind+of+a+Sciences+Po+student&rft.date=2022-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fen%2Fcampus%2Farticle%2F2022%2F10%2F15%2Finside-the-mind-of-a-sciences-po-student_6000425_11.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/education/graduate-studies">"Graduate Studies"</a>. Sciences Po. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126185813/https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/education/graduate-studies">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=Graduate+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fen%2Feducation%2Fgraduate-studies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/en/education/graduate-studies">"Graduate Studies at Sciences Po"</a>. Sciences Po. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180206172416/http://www.sciencespo.fr/en/education/graduate-studies">Archived</a> from the original on 6 February 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Graduate+Studies+at+Sciences+Po&rft.pub=Sciences+Po&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fen%2Feducation%2Fgraduate-studies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/recherche/en">"Home – Sciences Po Research"</a>. sciencespo.fr. 3 December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170502045933/http://www.sciencespo.fr/recherche/en">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Home+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+Research&rft.date=2014-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Frecherche%2Fen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/research-sciences-po/docs/bilan-ds-uk-web">"Research at Sciences Po in 2015"</a>. Issuu. 21 June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002131717/https://issuu.com/research-sciences-po/docs/bilan-ds-uk-web">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Issuu&rft.atitle=Research+at+Sciences+Po+in+2015&rft.date=2016-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fissuu.com%2Fresearch-sciences-po%2Fdocs%2Fbilan-ds-uk-web&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sciencespo.fr-95">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sciencespo.fr_95-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sciencespo.fr_95-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sciencespo.fr_95-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/recherche/en/content/research-centers">"Research Centers – Sciences Po Research"</a>. sciencespo.fr. 20 June 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170508204246/http://www.sciencespo.fr/recherche/en/content/research-centers">Archived</a> from the original on 8 May 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Research+Centers+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+Research&rft.date=2014-06-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Frecherche%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fresearch-centers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFINA" class="citation web cs1">INA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ina-expert.com/e-dossier-de-l-audiovisuel-sciences-humaines-et-sociales-et-patrimoine-numerique/medialab-de-sciences-po-cartographier-le-web-pour-les-sciences-sociales.html">"Médialab de Sciences Po : cartographier le web pour les sciences sociales / E-dossier de l'audiovisuel : sciences humaines et sociales et patrimoine numérique / E-dossiers de l'audiovisuel / Publications / INA Expert – Accueil – Ina"</a>. ina-expert.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230919181429/http://inatheque.ina.fr/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 September 2023. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ina-expert.com&rft.atitle=M%C3%A9dialab+de+Sciences+Po+%3A+cartographier+le+web+pour+les+sciences+sociales+%2F+E-dossier+de+l%27audiovisuel+%3A+sciences+humaines+et+sociales+et+patrimoine+num%C3%A9rique+%2F+E-dossiers+de+l%27audiovisuel+%2F+Publications+%2F+INA+Expert+%E2%80%93+Accueil+%E2%80%93+Ina&rft.au=INA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ina-expert.com%2Fe-dossier-de-l-audiovisuel-sciences-humaines-et-sociales-et-patrimoine-numerique%2Fmedialab-de-sciences-po-cartographier-le-web-pour-les-sciences-sociales.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ofce.sciences-po.fr/en/ofce/ofce.php">"OFCE About..."</a> ofce.sciences-po.fr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170502203114/http://www.ofce.sciences-po.fr/en/ofce/ofce.php">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ofce.sciences-po.fr&rft.atitle=OFCE+About...&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ofce.sciences-po.fr%2Fen%2Fofce%2Fofce.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/recherche/en/content/research-units">"Research Units – Sciences Po Research"</a>. sciencespo.fr. 10 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170505230501/http://www.sciencespo.fr/recherche/en/content/research-units">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Research+Units+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+Research&rft.date=2015-03-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Frecherche%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fresearch-units&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/liepp/fr">"Page d'accueil – Sciences Po liepp"</a>. sciencespo.fr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170508213058/http://www.sciencespo.fr/liepp/fr">Archived</a> from the original on 8 May 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Page+d%27accueil+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+liepp&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fliepp%2Ffr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/liepp/en/content/what-liepp">"What is LIEPP? – Sciences Po liepp"</a>. sciencespo.fr. 23 September 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170410234605/http://www.sciencespo.fr/liepp/en/content/what-liepp">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=What+is+LIEPP%3F+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+liepp&rft.date=2014-09-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fliepp%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fwhat-liepp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/dime-shs/">"Page d'accueil – Sciences Po dime-shs"</a>. sciencespo.fr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170627042959/http://www.sciencespo.fr/dime-shs/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 June 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Page+d%27accueil+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+dime-shs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fdime-shs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maxpo.eu/center.asp">"MaxPo – About the Center"</a>. maxpo.eu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170311003338/http://www.maxpo.eu/center.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 11 March 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=maxpo.eu&rft.atitle=MaxPo+%E2%80%93+About+the+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maxpo.eu%2Fcenter.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/recherche/en/content/crosscuting-programmes">"Cross-cutting Programmes – Sciences Po Research"</a>. sciencespo.fr. 6 October 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170418202917/http://www.sciencespo.fr/recherche/en/content/crosscuting-programmes">Archived</a> from the original on 18 April 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Cross-cutting+Programmes+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+Research&rft.date=2014-10-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Frecherche%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fcrosscuting-programmes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sciences-Po-Paris-104"><a href="#cite_ref-Sciences-Po-Paris_104-0">^</a> "Sciences Po Paris Overview: Introducing Sciences Po" Sciences Po Website, 2001. </li> <li id="cite_note-IBSS-105"><a href="#cite_ref-IBSS_105-0">^</a> "IBSS Boosts Coverage of French Social Science Journals", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/IBSS/news/pressReleases.htm#Example%20of%20an%20IBSS%20record%20showing%20Sciences%20Po%20data:">IBSS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090524150844/http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/IBSS/news/pressReleases.htm#Example%20of%20an%20IBSS%20record%20showing%20Sciences%20Po%20data:">Archived</a> 24 May 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 2005. </li> <li id="cite_note-Presses-106"><a href="#cite_ref-Presses_106-0">^</a> "Presses de Sciences Po", Sciences Po Website, 21 October 2004. </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.francealumni.fr/global/gene/link.php?doc_id=1304&fg=1">"Sciences Po: France's Leading University in the Social Sciences"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808234222/https://www.francealumni.fr/global/gene/link.php?doc_id=1304&fg=1">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sciences+Po%3A+France%27s+Leading+University+in+the+Social+Sciences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.francealumni.fr%2Fglobal%2Fgene%2Flink.php%3Fdoc_id%3D1304%26fg%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/public/en/content/justice">"Justice: A lecture and discussion with Harvard Professor Michael J. Sandel – Sciences Po School of Public Affairs"</a>. sciencespo.fr. 6 April 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808234959/http://www.sciencespo.fr/public/en/content/justice">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Justice%3A+A+lecture+and+discussion+with+Harvard+Professor+Michael+J.+Sandel+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+School+of+Public+Affairs&rft.date=2016-04-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fpublic%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fjustice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/psia/content/irina-bokova-guest-speaker-psia">"Irina Bokova – Guest speaker at PSIA – Sciences Po psia"</a>. sciencespo.fr. 7 April 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808234128/http://www.sciencespo.fr/psia/content/irina-bokova-guest-speaker-psia">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Irina+Bokova+%E2%80%93+Guest+speaker+at+PSIA+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+psia&rft.date=2015-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fpsia%2Fcontent%2Firina-bokova-guest-speaker-psia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaas" class="citation web cs1">Haas, Annette. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lse.ac.uk/intranet/LSEServices/academicPartnerships/academicPartners/LSEandSciencesPo.aspx">"LSE and Sciences Po – Academic partners – Academic Partnerships – Services and divisions – Staff and students – Home"</a>. 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Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781781386569" title="Special:BookSources/9781781386569"><bdi>9781781386569</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107014751/https://liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/products/61809">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2017. 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Retrieved 6 March 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Top+Universities&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po&rft.date=2012-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.topuniversities.com%2Funiversities%2Fsciences-po%2Fundergrad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988">. </li> <li id="cite_note-Sciences_Po-118"><a href="#cite_ref-Sciences_Po_118-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/sciences-po/undergrad">"Sciences Po"</a>. Top Universities. 9 December 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002172909/https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/sciences-po/undergrad">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2020. 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Retrieved 24 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=2023+QS+Rankings%3A+Sciences+Po+Third+in+the+World+in+%22Politics%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fen%2Fnews%2F2023-qs-rankings-sciences-po-third-in-the-world-in-politics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:7-120"><a href="#cite_ref-:7_120-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/recherche/en/content/qs-2023-sciences-po-still-ranked-3rd-best-university-world-politics-international-studies.html">"2023 QS Rankings: Sciences Po Third in the World in "Politics" | Sciences Po Research"</a>. www.sciencespo.fr. 22 March 2023. Retrieved 24 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=2023+QS+Rankings%3A+Sciences+Po+Third+in+the+World+in+%22Politics%22+%7C+Sciences+Po+Research&rft.date=2023-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Frecherche%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fqs-2023-sciences-po-still-ranked-3rd-best-university-world-politics-international-studies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:72-121"><a href="#cite_ref-:72_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/recherche/en/content/qs-2023-sciences-po-still-ranked-3rd-best-university-world-politics-international-studies.html">"2023 QS Rankings: Sciences Po Third in the World in "Politics" | Sciences Po Research"</a>. www.sciencespo.fr. 22 March 2023. Retrieved 24 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=2023+QS+Rankings%3A+Sciences+Po+Third+in+the+World+in+%22Politics%22+%7C+Sciences+Po+Research&rft.date=2023-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Frecherche%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fqs-2023-sciences-po-still-ranked-3rd-best-university-world-politics-international-studies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/sciences-po">"Sciences Po"</a>. Top Universities. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200413002856/https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/sciences-po">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Top+Universities&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.topuniversities.com%2Funiversities%2Fsciences-po&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sg.ambafrance.org/New-Double-Degree-Programme-Sciences-Po-NUS">"New Double Degree Programme: Sciences Po - NUS"</a>. La France à Singapour. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230919181450/https://sg.ambafrance.org/New-Double-Degree-Programme-Sciences-Po-NUS">Archived</a> from the original on 19 September 2023. Retrieved 20 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+France+%C3%A0+Singapour&rft.atitle=New+Double+Degree+Programme%3A+Sciences+Po+-+NUS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsg.ambafrance.org%2FNew-Double-Degree-Programme-Sciences-Po-NUS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Conley-124"><a href="#cite_ref-Conley_124-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConley2003" class="citation web cs1">Conley, Marjorie (9 September 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journalism.nyu.edu/publishing/archives/portfolio/conley/sciencespo.html">"Sciences Po ? an elite institution's introspection on its power, position and worth in French society"</a>. Portfolio, The Journalism of Ideas. New York University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161008054832/https://journalism.nyu.edu/publishing/archives/portfolio/conley/sciencespo.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Portfolio%2C+The+Journalism+of+Ideas&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+%3F+an+elite+institution%27s+introspection+on+its+power%2C+position+and+worth+in+French+society&rft.date=2003-09-09&rft.aulast=Conley&rft.aufirst=Marjorie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournalism.nyu.edu%2Fpublishing%2Farchives%2Fportfolio%2Fconley%2Fsciencespo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Koh_2016_193-125"><a href="#cite_ref-Koh_2016_193_125-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoh2016" class="citation book cs1">Koh, Aaron (2016). Elite Schools: Multiple Geographies of Privilege. New York; Oxon: Routledge. p. 193. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1--138-77940-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1--138-77940-2"><bdi>978-1--138-77940-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elite+Schools%3A+Multiple+Geographies+of+Privilege&rft.place=New+York%3B+Oxon&rft.pages=193&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1--138-77940-2&rft.aulast=Koh&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guttenplan-126"><a href="#cite_ref-Guttenplan_126-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuttenplan2001" class="citation news cs1">Guttenplan, D.D. (4 May 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/04/world/elite-french-college-tackles-affirmative-action.html">"In France, a Bastion of Privilege No More"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170809043320/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/04/world/elite-french-college-tackles-affirmative-action.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 August 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+France%2C+a+Bastion+of+Privilege+No+More&rft.date=2001-05-04&rft.aulast=Guttenplan&rft.aufirst=D.D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F05%2F04%2Fworld%2Felite-french-college-tackles-affirmative-action.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/campus/article/2019/05/22/faire-sciences-po-entre-fantasme-et-desillusion_5465648_4401467.html">"Faire Sciences Po, entre fantasme et désillusion"</a>. Le Monde.fr (in French). 22 May 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Faire+Sciences+Po%2C+entre+fantasme+et+d%C3%A9sillusion&rft.date=2019-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fcampus%2Farticle%2F2019%2F05%2F22%2Ffaire-sciences-po-entre-fantasme-et-desillusion_5465648_4401467.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.challenges.fr/education/science-po-peine-a-depasser-l-entre-soi_761323">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220307214243/https://www.challenges.fr/education/science-po-peine-a-depasser-l-entre-soi_761323">Archived</a> 7 March 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Sciences Po peine à dépasser l’entre-soi </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/societe/science-po-l-enquete-inedite-1-3-malgre-le-scandale-duhamel-un-implacable-entre-soi_2149614.html">"Sciences Po, l'enquête inédite (1/3) : malgré le scandale Duhamel, un implacable entre-soi"</a>. 26 April 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210507201754/https://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/societe/science-po-l-enquete-inedite-1-3-malgre-le-scandale-duhamel-un-implacable-entre-soi_2149614.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sciences+Po%2C+l%27enqu%C3%AAte+in%C3%A9dite+%281%2F3%29+%3A+malgr%C3%A9+le+scandale+Duhamel%2C+un+implacable+entre-soi&rft.date=2021-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexpress.fr%2Factualite%2Fsociete%2Fscience-po-l-enquete-inedite-1-3-malgre-le-scandale-duhamel-un-implacable-entre-soi_2149614.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceI-130"><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceI_130-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/societe/le-reseau-avant-le-merite-a-sciences-po-la-desillusion-des-etudiants_2181416.html">"Le réseau avant le mérite : à Sciences Po, la désillusion des étudiants"</a>. 6 October 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221007030723/https://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/societe/le-reseau-avant-le-merite-a-sciences-po-la-desillusion-des-etudiants_2181416.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+r%C3%A9seau+avant+le+m%C3%A9rite+%3A+%C3%A0+Sciences+Po%2C+la+d%C3%A9sillusion+des+%C3%A9tudiants&rft.date=2022-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexpress.fr%2Factualite%2Fsociete%2Fle-reseau-avant-le-merite-a-sciences-po-la-desillusion-des-etudiants_2181416.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceJ-131"><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceJ_131-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/campus/article/2022/10/05/marquage-a-gauche-qui-s-accentue-culture-de-la-protestation-dans-la-tete-d-un-etudiant-de-sciences-po_6144428_4401467.html">"Dans la tête d'un étudiant de Sciences Po"</a>. Le Monde. 5 October 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221007030727/https://www.lemonde.fr/campus/article/2022/10/05/marquage-a-gauche-qui-s-accentue-culture-de-la-protestation-dans-la-tete-d-un-etudiant-de-sciences-po_6144428_4401467.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Dans+la+t%C3%AAte+d%27un+%C3%A9tudiant+de+Sciences+Po&rft.date=2022-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fcampus%2Farticle%2F2022%2F10%2F05%2Fmarquage-a-gauche-qui-s-accentue-culture-de-la-protestation-dans-la-tete-d-un-etudiant-de-sciences-po_6144428_4401467.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lichfield-132"><a href="#cite_ref-Lichfield_132-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLichfield2013" class="citation news cs1">Lichfield, John (17 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/liberte-inegalite-fraternite-is-french-elitism-holding-the-country-back-8621650.html">"Liberte, inegalite, fraternite: Is French elitism holding the country back?"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160730064514/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/liberte-inegalite-fraternite-is-french-elitism-holding-the-country-back-8621650.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Liberte%2C+inegalite%2C+fraternite%3A+Is+French+elitism+holding+the+country+back%3F&rft.date=2013-05-17&rft.aulast=Lichfield&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fliberte-inegalite-fraternite-is-french-elitism-holding-the-country-back-8621650.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121113153736/http://lesactualitesdudroit.20minutes-blogs.fr/archive/2012/10/09/sciences-pipeau-plus-rentable-que-de-braquer-une-banque.html">"Sciences-Pipeau : Plus rentable que de braquer une banque"</a>. Actualités du droit (in French). 10 September 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lesactualitesdudroit.20minutes-blogs.fr/archive/2012/10/09/sciences-pipeau-plus-rentable-que-de-braquer-une-banque.html">the original</a> on 13 November 2012. Retrieved 21 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Actualit%C3%A9s+du+droit&rft.atitle=Sciences-Pipeau+%3A+Plus+rentable+que+de+braquer+une+banque&rft.date=2012-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flesactualitesdudroit.20minutes-blogs.fr%2Farchive%2F2012%2F10%2F09%2Fsciences-pipeau-plus-rentable-que-de-braquer-une-banque.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeauvaisCauchy2017" class="citation book cs1">Beauvais, Anne-Sophie; Cauchy, Pascal (19 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MkvfDQAAQBAJ&q=sciences+pipeau&pg=PT544">Sciences Po pour les Nuls</a>. edi8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782412024003" title="Special:BookSources/9782412024003"><bdi>9782412024003</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407103353/https://books.google.com/books?id=MkvfDQAAQBAJ&q=sciences+pipeau&pg=PT544">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2020 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sciences+Po+pour+les+Nuls&rft.pub=edi8&rft.date=2017-01-19&rft.isbn=9782412024003&rft.aulast=Beauvais&rft.aufirst=Anne-Sophie&rft.au=Cauchy%2C+Pascal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMkvfDQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dsciences%2Bpipeau%26pg%3DPT544&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/education/article/2021/03/31/democratiser-le-recrutement-sans-renoncer-a-l-elitisme-la-difficile-ligne-de-crete-des-sciences-po_6075124_1473685.html">"Démocratiser le recrutement sans renoncer à l'élitisme, la difficile ligne de crête des Sciences Po"</a>. Le Monde.fr. 31 March 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210401065708/https://www.lemonde.fr/education/article/2021/03/31/democratiser-le-recrutement-sans-renoncer-a-l-elitisme-la-difficile-ligne-de-crete-des-sciences-po_6075124_1473685.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=D%C3%A9mocratiser+le+recrutement+sans+renoncer+%C3%A0+l%27%C3%A9litisme%2C+la+difficile+ligne+de+cr%C3%AAte+des+Sciences+Po&rft.date=2021-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Feducation%2Farticle%2F2021%2F03%2F31%2Fdemocratiser-le-recrutement-sans-renoncer-a-l-elitisme-la-difficile-ligne-de-crete-des-sciences-po_6075124_1473685.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LM-2021-04-01-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LM-2021-04-01_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LM-2021-04-01_136-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/01/04/olivier-duhamel-l-inceste-et-les-enfants-du-silence_6065166_3224.html">"Olivier Duhamel, l'inceste et les enfants du silence"</a>. Le Monde.fr. 4 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306184821/https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/01/04/olivier-duhamel-l-inceste-et-les-enfants-du-silence_6065166_3224.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2021 – via Le Monde.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Olivier+Duhamel%2C+l%27inceste+et+les+enfants+du+silence&rft.date=2021-01-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fsociete%2Farticle%2F2021%2F01%2F04%2Folivier-duhamel-l-inceste-et-les-enfants-du-silence_6065166_3224.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-2021-01-05-137">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-2021-01-05_137-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-2021-01-05_137-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohen2021" class="citation news cs1">Cohen, Roger (5 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/05/world/europe/olivier-duhamel-scandal.html">"Prominent French Intellectual Steps Down Amid Accusations of Incest"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210307075048/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/05/world/europe/olivier-duhamel-scandal.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Prominent+French+Intellectual+Steps+Down+Amid+Accusations+of+Incest&rft.date=2021-01-05&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F01%2F05%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Folivier-duhamel-scandal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/05/french-political-scientist-olivier-duhamel-accused-of-sexually-abusing-stepson">"High-profile French political scientist accused of sexually abusing stepson"</a>. The Guardian. 5 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119092349/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jan/05/french-political-scientist-olivier-duhamel-accused-of-sexually-abusing-stepson">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=High-profile+French+political+scientist+accused+of+sexually+abusing+stepson&rft.date=2021-01-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2021%2Fjan%2F05%2Ffrench-political-scientist-olivier-duhamel-accused-of-sexually-abusing-stepson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20210113.OBS38777/il-etait-sa-propre-planete-et-on-gravitait-autour-quand-olivier-duhamel-regnait-sur-sanary.html">"" Il était sa propre planète et on gravitait autour " : quand Olivier Duhamel régnait sur Sanary"</a>. 13 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210305073534/https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20210113.OBS38777/il-etait-sa-propre-planete-et-on-gravitait-autour-quand-olivier-duhamel-regnait-sur-sanary.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22+Il+%C3%A9tait+sa+propre+plan%C3%A8te+et+on+gravitait+autour+%22+%3A+quand+Olivier+Duhamel+r%C3%A9gnait+sur+Sanary&rft.date=2021-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nouvelobs.com%2Fsociete%2F20210113.OBS38777%2Fil-etait-sa-propre-planete-et-on-gravitait-autour-quand-olivier-duhamel-regnait-sur-sanary.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marieclaire.fr/la-familia-grande-camille-kouchner-inceste-olivier-duhamel-critique,1369063.asp">""La familia grande", l'inceste comme mécanisme de domination"</a>. Marie Claire. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306124726/https://www.marieclaire.fr/la-familia-grande-camille-kouchner-inceste-olivier-duhamel-critique,1369063.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 8 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Marie+Claire&rft.atitle=%22La+familia+grande%22%2C+l%27inceste+comme+m%C3%A9canisme+de+domination&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marieclaire.fr%2Fla-familia-grande-camille-kouchner-inceste-olivier-duhamel-critique%2C1369063.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/paris-ile-de-france/paris/affaire-duhamel-des-etudiants-de-sciences-po-demandent-la-demission-de-leur-directeur-1912630.html">"Affaire Duhamel : des étudiants de Sciences Po demandent la démission de leur directeur"</a>. France 3 Paris Ile-de-France. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210108083937/https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/paris-ile-de-france/paris/affaire-duhamel-des-etudiants-de-sciences-po-demandent-la-demission-de-leur-directeur-1912630.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+3+Paris+Ile-de-France&rft.atitle=Affaire+Duhamel+%3A+des+%C3%A9tudiants+de+Sciences+Po+demandent+la+d%C3%A9mission+de+leur+directeur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffrance3-regions.francetvinfo.fr%2Fparis-ile-de-france%2Fparis%2Faffaire-duhamel-des-etudiants-de-sciences-po-demandent-la-demission-de-leur-directeur-1912630.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMugerin" class="citation web cs1">Mugerin, Daniel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.liberation.fr/debats/2021/01/21/sciences-po-apres-l-affaire-duhamel-une-seule-solution-la-demission-du-directeur_1818141/">"Sciences-Po : après l'affaire Duhamel, une seule solution, la démission du directeur"</a>. Libération. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210221125901/https://www.liberation.fr/debats/2021/01/21/sciences-po-apres-l-affaire-duhamel-une-seule-solution-la-demission-du-directeur_1818141/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 9 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lib%C3%A9ration&rft.atitle=Sciences-Po+%3A+apr%C3%A8s+l%27affaire+Duhamel%2C+une+seule+solution%2C+la+d%C3%A9mission+du+directeur&rft.aulast=Mugerin&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.liberation.fr%2Fdebats%2F2021%2F01%2F21%2Fsciences-po-apres-l-affaire-duhamel-une-seule-solution-la-demission-du-directeur_1818141%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParis" class="citation web cs1">Paris, Un collectif d'étudiants de Sciences-Po. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.liberation.fr/debats/2021/01/13/affaire-duhamel-nous-etudiantes-et-etudiants-demandons-la-demission-du-directeur-de-science-po-frede_1815892/">"Affaire Duhamel : "Nous, étudiantes et étudiants, demandons la démission du directeur de Sciences-Po Frédéric Mion""</a>. Libération. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210222200654/https://www.liberation.fr/debats/2021/01/13/affaire-duhamel-nous-etudiantes-et-etudiants-demandons-la-demission-du-directeur-de-science-po-frede_1815892/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 February 2021. Retrieved 9 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lib%C3%A9ration&rft.atitle=Affaire+Duhamel+%3A+%22Nous%2C+%C3%A9tudiantes+et+%C3%A9tudiants%2C+demandons+la+d%C3%A9mission+du+directeur+de+Sciences-Po+Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric+Mion%22&rft.aulast=Paris&rft.aufirst=Un+collectif+d%27%C3%A9tudiants+de+Sciences-Po&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.liberation.fr%2Fdebats%2F2021%2F01%2F13%2Faffaire-duhamel-nous-etudiantes-et-etudiants-demandons-la-demission-du-directeur-de-science-po-frede_1815892%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/affaire-duhamel-des-etudiants-demandent-de-nouveau-la-demission-du-directeur-de-sciences-po-18-01-2021-8419778.php">"Affaire Duhamel : des étudiants demandent de nouveau la démission du directeur de Sciences-po"</a>. Le Parisien. 18 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210204050322/https://www.leparisien.fr/societe/affaire-duhamel-des-etudiants-demandent-de-nouveau-la-demission-du-directeur-de-sciences-po-18-01-2021-8419778.php">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Parisien&rft.atitle=Affaire+Duhamel+%3A+des+%C3%A9tudiants+demandent+de+nouveau+la+d%C3%A9mission+du+directeur+de+Sciences-po&rft.date=2021-01-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.leparisien.fr%2Fsociete%2Faffaire-duhamel-des-etudiants-demandent-de-nouveau-la-demission-du-directeur-de-sciences-po-18-01-2021-8419778.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/02/10/affaire-olivier-duhamel-le-rapport-qui-a-pousse-frederic-mion-a-demissionner-de-sciences-po_6069487_3224.html">"Affaire Olivier Duhamel : le rapport qui a poussé Frédéric Mion à démissionner de Sciences Po"</a>. Le Monde.fr. 10 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210220114241/https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/02/10/affaire-olivier-duhamel-le-rapport-qui-a-pousse-frederic-mion-a-demissionner-de-sciences-po_6069487_3224.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021 – via Le Monde.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Affaire+Olivier+Duhamel+%3A+le+rapport+qui+a+pouss%C3%A9+Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric+Mion+%C3%A0+d%C3%A9missionner+de+Sciences+Po&rft.date=2021-02-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fsociete%2Farticle%2F2021%2F02%2F10%2Faffaire-olivier-duhamel-le-rapport-qui-a-pousse-frederic-mion-a-demissionner-de-sciences-po_6069487_3224.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarrigou2021" class="citation web cs1">Garrigou, Alain (1 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2021/03/GARRIGOU/62872">"Petits secrets entre amis à Sciences Po"</a>. Le Monde diplomatique. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306141215/https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2021/03/GARRIGOU/62872">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2021. 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Retrieved 20 February 2021 – via www.thetimes.co.uk.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Elite+French+university+caught+up+in+deluge+of+sex+abuse+allegations&rft.aulast=Paris&rft.aufirst=Charles+Bremner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Felite-french-university-caught-up-in-deluge-of-sex-abuse-allegations-ks20mchc5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theweek.co.uk/951967/french-university-sex-abuse-allegations">"Elite university drawn into France's sex abuse scandal"</a>. 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BBC News. 19 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210220145436/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56110052">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=France%27s+elite+confronted+by+sexual+abuse+scandals&rft.date=2021-02-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-56110052&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/idees-et-debats/sciences-po-nous-ne-nous-reconnaissons-pas-dans-la-caricature-qui-est-faite_2145095.html">"Sciences Po : "Nous ne nous reconnaissons pas dans la caricature qui est faite""</a>. 18 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210419180504/https://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/idees-et-debats/sciences-po-nous-ne-nous-reconnaissons-pas-dans-la-caricature-qui-est-faite_2145095.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sciences+Po+%3A+%22Nous+ne+nous+reconnaissons+pas+dans+la+caricature+qui+est+faite%22&rft.date=2021-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexpress.fr%2Factualite%2Fidees-et-debats%2Fsciences-po-nous-ne-nous-reconnaissons-pas-dans-la-caricature-qui-est-faite_2145095.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/il-n-y-a-pas-de-culture-du-viol-a-sciences-po-20210504">"" Non, il n'y a pas de culture du viol à Sciences Po ""</a>. 4 May 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210507220651/https://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/il-n-y-a-pas-de-culture-du-viol-a-sciences-po-20210504">Archived</a> from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22+Non%2C+il+n%27y+a+pas+de+culture+du+viol+%C3%A0+Sciences+Po+%22&rft.date=2021-05-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lefigaro.fr%2Factualite-france%2Fil-n-y-a-pas-de-culture-du-viol-a-sciences-po-20210504&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nouvelobs.com-152"><a href="#cite_ref-nouvelobs.com_152-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20210504.OBS43625/sciences-po-paris-les-foisonnants-mais-timides-rapports-sur-la-deontologie-et-les-violences-sexistes-et-sexuelles.html">"Sciences-Po Paris : les foisonnants mais timides rapports sur la déontologie et les violences sexistes et sexuelles"</a>. 4 May 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210507215905/https://www.nouvelobs.com/societe/20210504.OBS43625/sciences-po-paris-les-foisonnants-mais-timides-rapports-sur-la-deontologie-et-les-violences-sexistes-et-sexuelles.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sciences-Po+Paris+%3A+les+foisonnants+mais+timides+rapports+sur+la+d%C3%A9ontologie+et+les+violences+sexistes+et+sexuelles&rft.date=2021-05-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nouvelobs.com%2Fsociete%2F20210504.OBS43625%2Fsciences-po-paris-les-foisonnants-mais-timides-rapports-sur-la-deontologie-et-les-violences-sexistes-et-sexuelles.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/a-sciences-po-paris-l-ideologie-racialiste-fait-peu-a-peu-son-nid-20210110">"À Sciences Po Paris, l'idéologie racialiste fait peu à peu son nid"</a>. LEFIGARO. 10 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210203112031/https://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/a-sciences-po-paris-l-ideologie-racialiste-fait-peu-a-peu-son-nid-20210110">Archived</a> from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LEFIGARO&rft.atitle=%C3%80+Sciences+Po+Paris%2C+l%27id%C3%A9ologie+racialiste+fait+peu+%C3%A0+peu+son+nid&rft.date=2021-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lefigaro.fr%2Factualite-france%2Fa-sciences-po-paris-l-ideologie-racialiste-fait-peu-a-peu-son-nid-20210110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/societe/race-genre-wokisme-et-sorcieres-sciences-po-reims-sous-emprise-americaine_2180938.html">"Race, genre, wokisme et... Sorcières : Sciences Po Reims sous emprise américaine"</a>. 28 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221007030724/https://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/societe/race-genre-wokisme-et-sorcieres-sciences-po-reims-sous-emprise-americaine_2180938.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Race%2C+genre%2C+wokisme+et...+Sorci%C3%A8res+%3A+Sciences+Po+Reims+sous+emprise+am%C3%A9ricaine&rft.date=2022-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexpress.fr%2Factualite%2Fsociete%2Frace-genre-wokisme-et-sorcieres-sciences-po-reims-sous-emprise-americaine_2180938.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.challenges.fr/france/sciences-po-la-cour-des-comptes-demande-des-poursuites_189798">"Sciences Po : la Cour des comptes demande des poursuites"</a>. Challenges. 22 November 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161006021044/http://www.challenges.fr/france/sciences-po-la-cour-des-comptes-demande-des-poursuites_189798">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 26 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Challenges&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+%3A+la+Cour+des+comptes+demande+des+poursuites&rft.date=2012-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.challenges.fr%2Ffrance%2Fsciences-po-la-cour-des-comptes-demande-des-poursuites_189798&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mediapart.fr2-156"><a href="#cite_ref-mediapart.fr2_156-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonnet2012" class="citation web cs1">Bonnet, François (8 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/culture-idees/dossier/dossier-sciences-po-la-fuite-en-avant-et-les-scandales">"Dossier: Sciences-Po, la fuite en avant et les scandales"</a>. Mediapart. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160828035509/https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/culture-idees/dossier/dossier-sciences-po-la-fuite-en-avant-et-les-scandales">Archived</a> from the original on 28 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mediapart&rft.atitle=Dossier%3A+Sciences-Po%2C+la+fuite+en+avant+et+les+scandales&rft.date=2012-10-08&rft.aulast=Bonnet&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediapart.fr%2Fjournal%2Fculture-idees%2Fdossier%2Fdossier-sciences-po-la-fuite-en-avant-et-les-scandales&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-jour-157"><a href="#cite_ref-jour_157-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.contrepoints.org/2012/10/12/100252-la-derive-financiere-de-sciences-po-et-la-complaisance-de-letat">"La dérive financière de Sciences Po et la complaisance de l'État"</a>. 12 October 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170217145046/https://www.contrepoints.org/2012/10/12/100252-la-derive-financiere-de-sciences-po-et-la-complaisance-de-letat">Archived</a> from the original on 17 February 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+d%C3%A9rive+financi%C3%A8re+de+Sciences+Po+et+la+complaisance+de+l%27%C3%89tat&rft.date=2012-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.contrepoints.org%2F2012%2F10%2F12%2F100252-la-derive-financiere-de-sciences-po-et-la-complaisance-de-letat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.contrepoints.org/2012/10/12/100252-la-derive-financiere-de-sciences-po-et-la-complaisance-de-letat">"La dérive financière de Sciences Po et la complaisance de l'État"</a>. Contrepoints. 12 October 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170217145046/https://www.contrepoints.org/2012/10/12/100252-la-derive-financiere-de-sciences-po-et-la-complaisance-de-letat">Archived</a> from the original on 17 February 2017. Retrieved 16 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Contrepoints&rft.atitle=La+d%C3%A9rive+financi%C3%A8re+de+Sciences+Po+et+la+complaisance+de+l%27%C3%89tat&rft.date=2012-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.contrepoints.org%2F2012%2F10%2F12%2F100252-la-derive-financiere-de-sciences-po-et-la-complaisance-de-letat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLindgaard2011" class="citation web cs1">Lindgaard, Jade (13 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/131211/les-dirigeants-de-sciences-po-touchent-des-superbonus">"Les dirigeants de Sciences-Po touchent des superbonus"</a>. Mediapart. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160828033018/https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/131211/les-dirigeants-de-sciences-po-touchent-des-superbonus">Archived</a> from the original on 28 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mediapart&rft.atitle=Les+dirigeants+de+Sciences-Po+touchent+des+superbonus&rft.date=2011-12-13&rft.aulast=Lindgaard&rft.aufirst=Jade&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediapart.fr%2Fjournal%2Ffrance%2F131211%2Fles-dirigeants-de-sciences-po-touchent-des-superbonus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160828193613/http://blog.educpros.fr/pierredubois/files/2012/10/sciences-po-paris.pdf">"Educpros : actualités et services pour les professionnels de l'éducation. – Educpros.fr"</a> (PDF). blog.educpros.fr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.educpros.fr/pierredubois/files/2012/10/sciences-po-paris.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 28 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blog.educpros.fr&rft.atitle=Educpros+%3A+actualit%C3%A9s+et+services+pour+les+professionnels+de+l%27%C3%A9ducation.+%E2%80%93+Educpros.fr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.educpros.fr%2Fpierredubois%2Ffiles%2F2012%2F10%2Fsciences-po-paris.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFcomptes" class="citation web cs1">comptes, Cour des. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160826020100/http://www.ccomptes.fr/Actualites/Archives/Sciences-Po-une-forte-ambition-une-gestion-defaillante#Conclusion">"Sciences Po : une forte ambition, une gestion défaillante / Archives / Actualités / Accueil / Cour des Comptes – Cour des comptes"</a>. ccomptes.fr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ccomptes.fr/Actualites/Archives/Sciences-Po-une-forte-ambition-une-gestion-defaillante#Conclusion">the original</a> on 26 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ccomptes.fr&rft.atitle=Sciences+Po+%3A+une+forte+ambition%2C+une+gestion+d%C3%A9faillante+%2F+Archives+%2F+Actualit%C3%A9s+%2F+Accueil+%2F+Cour+des+Comptes+%E2%80%93+Cour+des+comptes&rft.aulast=comptes&rft.aufirst=Cour+des&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccomptes.fr%2FActualites%2FArchives%2FSciences-Po-une-forte-ambition-une-gestion-defaillante%23Conclusion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFloc'h2012" class="citation news cs1">Floc'h, Benoît (8 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2012/07/08/la-cour-des-comptes-fustige-la-gestion-de-sciences-po_1730681_3224.html">"La Cour des comptes fustige la gestion de Sciences Po"</a>. Le Monde. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160809073804/http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2012/07/08/la-cour-des-comptes-fustige-la-gestion-de-sciences-po_1730681_3224.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=La+Cour+des+comptes+fustige+la+gestion+de+Sciences+Po&rft.date=2012-07-08&rft.aulast=Floc%27h&rft.aufirst=Beno%C3%AEt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fsociete%2Farticle%2F2012%2F07%2F08%2Fla-cour-des-comptes-fustige-la-gestion-de-sciences-po_1730681_3224.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/education/article/2015/07/24/scandale-des-salaires-a-sciences-po-jean-claude-casanova-renvoye-devant-la-cour-de-discipline-budgetaire_4696940_1473685.html">"Scandale des salaires à Sciences Po : Jean-Claude Casanova renvoyé devant la Cour de discipline budgétaire"</a>. Le Monde. 24 July 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161008055141/http://www.lemonde.fr/education/article/2015/07/24/scandale-des-salaires-a-sciences-po-jean-claude-casanova-renvoye-devant-la-cour-de-discipline-budgetaire_4696940_1473685.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Scandale+des+salaires+%C3%A0+Sciences+Po+%3A+Jean-Claude+Casanova+renvoy%C3%A9+devant+la+Cour+de+discipline+budg%C3%A9taire&rft.date=2015-07-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Feducation%2Farticle%2F2015%2F07%2F24%2Fscandale-des-salaires-a-sciences-po-jean-claude-casanova-renvoye-devant-la-cour-de-discipline-budgetaire_4696940_1473685.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFloc'h2015" class="citation news cs1">Floc'h, Benoît (4 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2015/12/04/jean-claude-casanova-condamne-dans-l-affaire-sciences-po_4824373_3224.html">"Jean-Claude Casanova condamné dans l'" affaire Sciences Po ""</a>. Le Monde. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161008055123/http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2015/12/04/jean-claude-casanova-condamne-dans-l-affaire-sciences-po_4824373_3224.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Jean-Claude+Casanova+condamn%C3%A9+dans+l%27%22+affaire+Sciences+Po+%22&rft.date=2015-12-04&rft.aulast=Floc%27h&rft.aufirst=Beno%C3%AEt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fsociete%2Farticle%2F2015%2F12%2F04%2Fjean-claude-casanova-condamne-dans-l-affaire-sciences-po_4824373_3224.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDécodeurs2016" class="citation news cs1">Décodeurs, Les (10 February 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/les-decodeurs/article/2016/02/10/ce-qu-il-faut-retenir-du-rapport-de-la-cour-des-comptes-2016-en-7-graphes_4862552_4355770.html">"Ce qu'il faut retenir du rapport de la Cour des comptes 2016 en 7 graphes"</a>. Le Monde. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170824053832/http://www.lemonde.fr/les-decodeurs/article/2016/02/10/ce-qu-il-faut-retenir-du-rapport-de-la-cour-des-comptes-2016-en-7-graphes_4862552_4355770.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 August 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Ce+qu%27il+faut+retenir+du+rapport+de+la+Cour+des+comptes+2016+en+7+graphes&rft.date=2016-02-10&rft.aulast=D%C3%A9codeurs&rft.aufirst=Les&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fles-decodeurs%2Farticle%2F2016%2F02%2F10%2Fce-qu-il-faut-retenir-du-rapport-de-la-cour-des-comptes-2016-en-7-graphes_4862552_4355770.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.challenges.fr/economie/prise-de-bec-entre-la-cour-des-comptes-et-sciences-po_40260">"Prise de bec entre la Cour des comptes et Sciences-Po"</a>. Challenges. 10 February 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170316173616/https://www.challenges.fr/economie/prise-de-bec-entre-la-cour-des-comptes-et-sciences-po_40260">Archived</a> from the original on 16 March 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Challenges&rft.atitle=Prise+de+bec+entre+la+Cour+des+comptes+et+Sciences-Po&rft.date=2016-02-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.challenges.fr%2Feconomie%2Fprise-de-bec-entre-la-cour-des-comptes-et-sciences-po_40260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cairn.info-167"><a href="#cite_ref-cairn.info_167-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAit-Aoudia2013" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ait-Aoudia, Myriam (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairn.info/revue-droit-et-societe1-2013-1-page-99.htm">"Le droit dans la concurrence. Mobilisations universitaires contre la création de diplômes de droit à Sciences Po Paris"</a>. Droit et Société (in French): 99–116. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3917%2Fdrs.083.0099">10.3917/drs.083.0099</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201002143859/https://www.cairn.info/revue-droit-et-societe1-2013-1-page-99.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 21 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Droit+et+Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9&rft.atitle=Le+droit+dans+la+concurrence.+Mobilisations+universitaires+contre+la+cr%C3%A9ation+de+dipl%C3%B4mes+de+droit+%C3%A0+Sciences+Po+Paris&rft.pages=99-116&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Fdrs.083.0099&rft.aulast=Ait-Aoudia&rft.aufirst=Myriam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairn.info%2Frevue-droit-et-societe1-2013-1-page-99.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.francetvinfo.fr/replay-radio/modes-de-vie/filieres-d-excellence-a-la-fac_1732537.html">"Filières d'excellence à la fac"</a>. Franceinfo. 13 February 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210120231526/https://www.francetvinfo.fr/replay-radio/modes-de-vie/filieres-d-excellence-a-la-fac_1732537.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Franceinfo&rft.atitle=Fili%C3%A8res+d%27excellence+%C3%A0+la+fac&rft.date=2013-02-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.francetvinfo.fr%2Freplay-radio%2Fmodes-de-vie%2Ffilieres-d-excellence-a-la-fac_1732537.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2010/09/29/01016-20100929ARTFIG00438-universites-les-cursus-pour-etudiants-brillants.php">"Universités : les cursus pour étudiants brillants"</a>. LEFIGARO. 29 September 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306055950/https://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2010/09/29/01016-20100929ARTFIG00438-universites-les-cursus-pour-etudiants-brillants.php">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LEFIGARO&rft.atitle=Universit%C3%A9s+%3A+les+cursus+pour+%C3%A9tudiants+brillants&rft.date=2010-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lefigaro.fr%2Factualite-france%2F2010%2F09%2F29%2F01016-20100929ARTFIG00438-universites-les-cursus-pour-etudiants-brillants.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nouvelobs.com/education/20131219.OBS0267/les-charmes-caches-de-l-universite.html">"Les charmes cachés de l'université"</a>. L'Obs. 27 December 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210116090837/https://www.nouvelobs.com/education/20131219.OBS0267/les-charmes-caches-de-l-universite.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 January 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=L%27Obs&rft.atitle=Les+charmes+cach%C3%A9s+de+l%27universit%C3%A9&rft.date=2013-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nouvelobs.com%2Feducation%2F20131219.OBS0267%2Fles-charmes-caches-de-l-universite.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/campus/article/2015/06/24/polemique-sur-les-parcours-d-excellence-en-droit_4660626_4401467.html">"Polémique sur les " parcours d'excellence " en droit"</a>. Le Monde.fr. 24 June 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125180650/https://www.lemonde.fr/campus/article/2015/06/24/polemique-sur-les-parcours-d-excellence-en-droit_4660626_4401467.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021 – via Le Monde.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Pol%C3%A9mique+sur+les+%22+parcours+d%27excellence+%22+en+droit&rft.date=2015-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fcampus%2Farticle%2F2015%2F06%2F24%2Fpolemique-sur-les-parcours-d-excellence-en-droit_4660626_4401467.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/actualites/actualit%C3%A9s/de-marcel-proust-%C3%A0-florian-zeller-%C3%A9crivains-dipl%C3%B4m%C3%A9s-de-sciences-po/1471">"De Marcel Proust à Florian Zeller : les écrivains diplômés de Sciences Po"</a>. Sciences Po. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210506025813/http://www.sciencespo.fr/actualites/actualit%C3%A9s/de-marcel-proust-%C3%A0-florian-zeller-%C3%A9crivains-dipl%C3%B4m%C3%A9s-de-sciences-po/1471">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=De+Marcel+Proust+%C3%A0+Florian+Zeller+%3A+les+%C3%A9crivains+dipl%C3%B4m%C3%A9s+de+Sciences+Po&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Factualites%2Factualit%25C3%25A9s%2Fde-marcel-proust-%25C3%25A0-florian-zeller-%25C3%25A9crivains-dipl%25C3%25B4m%25C3%25A9s-de-sciences-po%2F1471&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDumont2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dumont, Yves (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Bj0bDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA215">Administrateur de sociétés : pourquoi pas moi ?: Méthodes et conseils pour rechercher et obtenir un mandat d'administrateur</a> (in French). Eyrolles. p. 215. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-212-56419-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-212-56419-8"><bdi>978-2-212-56419-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211020050147/https://books.google.com/books?id=Bj0bDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA215">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Administrateur+de+soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9s+%3A+pourquoi+pas+moi+%3F%3A+M%C3%A9thodes+et+conseils+pour+rechercher+et+obtenir+un+mandat+d%27administrateur&rft.pages=215&rft.pub=Eyrolles&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-2-212-56419-8&rft.aulast=Dumont&rft.aufirst=Yves&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBj0bDAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA215&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAntonelliRehbein2017" class="citation book cs1">Antonelli, Gilberto; Rehbein, Boike (6 July 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ckYrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA101">Inequality in Economics and Sociology: New Perspectives</a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-19315-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-19315-9"><bdi>978-1-317-19315-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409132923/https://books.google.com/books?id=ckYrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA101">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 28 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inequality+in+Economics+and+Sociology%3A+New+Perspectives&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2017-07-06&rft.isbn=978-1-317-19315-9&rft.aulast=Antonelli&rft.aufirst=Gilberto&rft.au=Rehbein%2C+Boike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DckYrDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelchet-Cochet2020" class="citation book cs1">Delchet-Cochet, Karen (3 November 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qHb8DwAAQBAJ&pg=PR17">Circular Economy: From Waste Reduction to Value Creation</a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78630-573-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78630-573-2"><bdi>978-1-78630-573-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409132923/https://books.google.com/books?id=qHb8DwAAQBAJ&pg=PR17">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 28 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Circular+Economy%3A+From+Waste+Reduction+to+Value+Creation&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2020-11-03&rft.isbn=978-1-78630-573-2&rft.aulast=Delchet-Cochet&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqHb8DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPR17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZerouala2012" class="citation news cs1">Zerouala, Faïza (11 May 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/election-presidentielle-2012/article/2012/05/11/a-l-ecole-des-presidents-de-la-veme-republique_1698484_1471069.html">"A l'école des présidents de la Vème République"</a>. Le Monde. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170808235704/http://www.lemonde.fr/election-presidentielle-2012/article/2012/05/11/a-l-ecole-des-presidents-de-la-veme-republique_1698484_1471069.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=A+l%27%C3%A9cole+des+pr%C3%A9sidents+de+la+V%C3%A8me+R%C3%A9publique&rft.date=2012-05-11&rft.aulast=Zerouala&rft.aufirst=Fa%C3%AFza&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Felection-presidentielle-2012%2Farticle%2F2012%2F05%2F11%2Fa-l-ecole-des-presidents-de-la-veme-republique_1698484_1471069.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elysee.fr/alain-poher">"Alain Poher"</a>. elysee. Fr. 15 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=elysee.+Fr&rft.atitle=Alain+Poher&rft.date=2022-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elysee.fr%2Falain-poher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/news/news/ena-and-civil-service-exams-record-results-for-sciences-po-students/4490">"ENA and Civil Service Exams: Record Results for Sciences Po Students"</a>. Sciences Po. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200922183601/https://www.sciencespo.fr/en/news/news/ena-and-civil-service-exams-record-results-for-sciences-po-students/4490">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 26 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po&rft.atitle=ENA+and+Civil+Service+Exams%3A+Record+Results+for+Sciences+Po+Students&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Fena-and-civil-service-exams-record-results-for-sciences-po-students%2F4490&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLe_Foll2017" class="citation news cs1">Le Foll, Clément (26 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/les-decodeurs/article/2017/06/26/les-diplomes-de-grandes-ecoles-surrepresentes-a-l-assemblee-nationale_5151066_4355770.html">"Les diplômés de grandes écoles surreprésentés à l'Assemblée nationale"</a>. Le Monde. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200713081124/https://www.lemonde.fr/les-decodeurs/article/2017/06/26/les-diplomes-de-grandes-ecoles-surrepresentes-a-l-assemblee-nationale_5151066_4355770.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 10 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde&rft.atitle=Les+dipl%C3%B4m%C3%A9s+de+grandes+%C3%A9coles+surrepr%C3%A9sent%C3%A9s+%C3%A0+l%27Assembl%C3%A9e+nationale&rft.date=2017-06-26&rft.aulast=Le+Foll&rft.aufirst=Cl%C3%A9ment&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fles-decodeurs%2Farticle%2F2017%2F06%2F26%2Fles-diplomes-de-grandes-ecoles-surrepresentes-a-l-assemblee-nationale_5151066_4355770.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edubourse.com/biographie/dominique-strauss-kahn.php">"Biographie de Dominique Strauss Kahn"</a>. edubourse.com. 21 October 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170624033853/http://www.edubourse.com/biographie/dominique-strauss-kahn.php">Archived</a> from the original on 24 June 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=edubourse.com&rft.atitle=Biographie+de+Dominique+Strauss+Kahn&rft.date=2021-10-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edubourse.com%2Fbiographie%2Fdominique-strauss-kahn.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/m-moyen-format/article/2017/04/19/francois-delattre-porte-voix-de-la-france-a-l-onu_5113766_4497271.html">"François Delattre, porte-voix de la France à l'ONU"</a>. Le Monde.fr. 19 April 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170423061529/http://www.lemonde.fr//m-moyen-format/article/2017/04/19/francois-delattre-porte-voix-de-la-france-a-l-onu_5113766_4497271.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2017. Retrieved 1 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Fran%C3%A7ois+Delattre%2C+porte-voix+de+la+France+%C3%A0+l%27ONU&rft.date=2017-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fm-moyen-format%2Farticle%2F2017%2F04%2F19%2Ffrancois-delattre-porte-voix-de-la-france-a-l-onu_5113766_4497271.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD.C." class="citation web cs1">D.C., Ambassade de France aux Etats-Unis – Washington. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fr.franceintheus.org/spip.php?rubrique51">"L'Ambassadeur – France in the United States / Embassy of France in Washington, D.C."</a> France in the United States / Embassy of France in Washington, D.C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170606050827/http://fr.franceintheus.org/spip.php?rubrique51">Archived</a> from the original on 6 June 2017. 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Retrieved 1 June 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciences-po.asso.fr&rft.atitle=Manifestation+Alumni+Sciences+Po+%3A+Dinner+Debate+with+H.E+Sylvie+Bermann%2C+French+Ambassador+to+the+UK&rft.aulast=Po&rft.aufirst=Alumni+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsciences-po.asso.fr%2Fgene%2Fmain.php%3Fbase%3D326%26id%3D6511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170425114606/https://dz.ambafrance.org/Biographie-de-M-Bernard-Emie-Ambassadeur-de-France-en-Algerie">"Biographie de M. Bernard Emié, Ambassadeur de France en Algérie – La France en Algérie"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dz.ambafrance.org/Biographie-de-M-Bernard-Emie-Ambassadeur-de-France-en-Algerie">the original</a> on 25 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biographie+de+M.+Bernard+Emi%C3%A9%2C+Ambassadeur+de+France+en+Alg%C3%A9rie+%E2%80%93+La+France+en+Alg%C3%A9rie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdz.ambafrance.org%2FBiographie-de-M-Bernard-Emie-Ambassadeur-de-France-en-Algerie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170109194402/https://cn.ambafrance.org/L-ambassadeur-14675">"L'ambassadeur – La France en Chine"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cn.ambafrance.org/L-ambassadeur-14675">the original</a> on 9 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L%27ambassadeur+%E2%80%93+La+France+en+Chine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcn.ambafrance.org%2FL-ambassadeur-14675&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/stories/#!/fr/frise/14/ils-ont-etudie-a-l-ecole-libre-des-sciences-politiques/">"Alumni – Sciences Po International"</a>. sciencespo.fr. 4 February 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220118100726/https://www.sciencespo.fr/stories/#!/fr/frise/14/ils-ont-etudie-a-l-ecole-libre-des-sciences-politiques/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 January 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Alumni+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+International&rft.date=2015-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fstories%2F%23%21%2Ffr%2Ffrise%2F14%2Fils-ont-etudie-a-l-ecole-libre-des-sciences-politiques%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencespo.fr/international/en/content/alumni">"Alumni – Sciences Po International"</a>. sciencespo.fr. 4 February 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170424050323/http://www.sciencespo.fr/international/en/content/alumni">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Alumni+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+International&rft.date=2015-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Finternational%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Falumni&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemondedudroit.fr/nominations/4627-emmanuel-gaillard-elu-professeur-a-lecole-de-droit-de-sciences-po.html">"Emmanuel Gaillard élu professeur à l'École de Droit de Sciences Po"</a> (in French). 6 September 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220221171755/https://www.lemondedudroit.fr/nominations/4627-emmanuel-gaillard-elu-professeur-a-lecole-de-droit-de-sciences-po.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Emmanuel+Gaillard+%C3%A9lu+professeur+%C3%A0+l%27%C3%89cole+de+Droit+de+Sciences+Po&rft.date=2012-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemondedudroit.fr%2Fnominations%2F4627-emmanuel-gaillard-elu-professeur-a-lecole-de-droit-de-sciences-po.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.medialab.sciences-po.fr/fr/people/bruno-latour/">"Bruno Latour – Sciences Po – MedialabSciences Po – Medialab"</a>. medialab.sciences-po.fr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170805171658/http://www.medialab.sciences-po.fr/fr/people/bruno-latour/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 August 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=medialab.sciences-po.fr&rft.atitle=Bruno+Latour+%E2%80%93+Sciences+Po+%E2%80%93+MedialabSciences+Po+%E2%80%93+Medialab&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medialab.sciences-po.fr%2Ffr%2Fpeople%2Fbruno-latour%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:722-190"><a href="#cite_ref-:722_190-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVincentDethomas1987" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Vincent, Gérard; Dethomas, Anne-Marie (1 January 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pDNYDwAAQBAJ">Sciences po: Histoire d'une réussite</a> (in French). Plon (réédition numérique FeniXX). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-259-26077-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-259-26077-0"><bdi>978-2-259-26077-0</bdi></a>. Retrieved 21 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sciences+po%3A+Histoire+d%27une+r%C3%A9ussite&rft.pub=Plon+%28r%C3%A9%C3%A9dition+num%C3%A9rique+FeniXX%29&rft.date=1987-01-01&rft.isbn=978-2-259-26077-0&rft.aulast=Vincent&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A9rard&rft.au=Dethomas%2C+Anne-Marie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpDNYDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/cevipof/fr/chercheur/frederic-gros.html">"Frédéric Gros"</a>. sciencespo.fr. 18 October 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sciencespo.fr&rft.atitle=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric+Gros&rft.date=2017-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fcevipof%2Ffr%2Fchercheur%2Ffrederic-gros.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencespo.fr/stories/portrait/jean-baptiste-duroselle">"1917 : Jean- Baptiste Duroselle"</a>. Sciences Po stories (in French). Retrieved 3 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sciences+Po+stories&rft.atitle=1917+%3A+Jean-+Baptiste+Duroselle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencespo.fr%2Fstories%2Fportrait%2Fjean-baptiste-duroselle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988">. </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBacqué2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bacqué, Raphaëlle (2015). Richie: Biografie (in French). Paris: Bernard Grasset. p. 284. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-246-78913-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-246-78913-0"><bdi>978-2-246-78913-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Richie%3A+Biografie&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=284&rft.pub=Bernard+Grasset&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-2-246-78913-0&rft.aulast=Bacqu%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Rapha%C3%ABlle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBersteinBerstein1995" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Berstein, Gisèle; Berstein, Serge (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UD6YwR00aiIC">Dictionnaire historique de la France contemporaine: 1870-1945</a> (in French). Editions Complexe. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-87027-549-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-87027-549-8"><bdi>978-2-87027-549-8</bdi></a>. Retrieved 18 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+historique+de+la+France+contemporaine%3A+1870-1945&rft.pub=Editions+Complexe&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-2-87027-549-8&rft.aulast=Berstein&rft.aufirst=Gis%C3%A8le&rft.au=Berstein%2C+Serge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUD6YwR00aiIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBersteinBerstein1995" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Berstein, Gisèle; Berstein, Serge (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UD6YwR00aiIC">Dictionnaire historique de la France contemporaine: 1870-1945</a> (in French). Editions Complexe. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-87027-549-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-87027-549-8"><bdi>978-2-87027-549-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+historique+de+la+France+contemporaine%3A+1870-1945&rft.pub=Editions+Complexe&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-2-87027-549-8&rft.aulast=Berstein&rft.aufirst=Gis%C3%A8le&rft.au=Berstein%2C+Serge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUD6YwR00aiIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emilemagazine.fr/article/2016/11/23/ces-prsidents-qui-ont-enseign-sciences-po">"Émile Magazine - Ces présidents qui ont enseigné à Sciences Po"</a>. Émile Magazine (in French). 23 November 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%C3%89mile+Magazine&rft.atitle=%C3%89mile+Magazine+-+Ces+pr%C3%A9sidents+qui+ont+enseign%C3%A9+%C3%A0+Sciences+Po&rft.date=2016-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.emilemagazine.fr%2Farticle%2F2016%2F11%2F23%2Fces-prsidents-qui-ont-enseign-sciences-po&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCotta2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Cotta, Michèle (17 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GwjwazvztD4C">Le Rose et le Gris: Prélude au quinquennat de François Hollande</a> (in French). Fayard. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-213-67536-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-213-67536-7"><bdi>978-2-213-67536-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Rose+et+le+Gris%3A+Pr%C3%A9lude+au+quinquennat+de+Fran%C3%A7ois+Hollande&rft.pub=Fayard&rft.date=2012-10-17&rft.isbn=978-2-213-67536-7&rft.aulast=Cotta&rft.aufirst=Mich%C3%A8le&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGwjwazvztD4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFulda2017" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fulda, Anne (6 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xKpyDgAAQBAJ">Emmanuel Macron, un jeune homme si parfait</a> (in French). Place des éditeurs. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-259-25363-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-259-25363-5"><bdi>978-2-259-25363-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emmanuel+Macron%2C+un+jeune+homme+si+parfait&rft.pub=Place+des+%C3%A9diteurs&rft.date=2017-04-06&rft.isbn=978-2-259-25363-5&rft.aulast=Fulda&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxKpyDgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBourmaud2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bourmaud, François-Xavier (1 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FM7jCwAAQBAJ">Emmanuel Macron, le banquier qui voulait être roi</a> (in French). L'Archipel. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-8098-1873-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-8098-1873-4"><bdi>978-2-8098-1873-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Emmanuel+Macron%2C+le+banquier+qui+voulait+%C3%AAtre+roi&rft.pub=L%27Archipel&rft.date=2016-05-01&rft.isbn=978-2-8098-1873-4&rft.aulast=Bourmaud&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFM7jCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPellissier1977" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pellissier, Pierre (1 January 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nXKJDwAAQBAJ">Un certain Raymond Barre</a> (in French). (Hachette) réédition numérique FeniXX. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-7062-3125-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-7062-3125-4"><bdi>978-2-7062-3125-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Un+certain+Raymond+Barre&rft.pub=%28Hachette%29+r%C3%A9%C3%A9dition+num%C3%A9rique+FeniXX&rft.date=1977-01-01&rft.isbn=978-2-7062-3125-4&rft.aulast=Pellissier&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnXKJDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Descoings" title="Richard Descoings">Richard Descoings</a>, Sciences Po. De la Courneuve à Shanghai, préface de <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_R%C3%A9mond" title="René Rémond">René Rémond</a>, Paris: Presses de Sciences Po, 2007 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-7246-0990-5" title="Special:BookSources/2-7246-0990-5">2-7246-0990-5</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Chapsal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Chapsal (page does not exist)">Jacques Chapsal</a>, " L'Institut d'études politiques de l'Université de Paris ", Annales de l'Université de Paris, n° 1, 1950</li> <li>" Centenaire de l'Institut d'études politiques de Paris (1872–1972) ", brochure de l'Institut d'études politiques de Paris, 1972</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/carnet/2006-02-21-Sciences-Po">A Sciences-Po, les voyages forment la jeunesse</a>, Monde Diplomatique, Février 2006</li> <li>Pierre Favre, Cent dix années de cours à l'École libre des sciences politiques et à l'Institut d'études politiques de Paris (1871–1982), thèse de doctorat, 2 volumes, 1986</li> <li>Gérard Vincent, Sciences Po. Histoire d'une réussite, Orban, Paris, 1987</li> <li>Marie-Estelle Leroty, L'Enseignement de l'histoire à l'École libre des sciences politiques et à l'Institut d'études politiques de l'Université de Paris de 1943 à 1968, mémoire de diplôme d'études approfondies dirigé par <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Sirinelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-François Sirinelli (page does not exist)">Jean-François Sirinelli</a>, Institut d'études politiques de Paris, 2000</li> <li>Anne Muxel (direction), Les Étudiants de Sciences Po, Paris: <a href="/wiki/Presses_de_Sciences_Po" class="mw-redirect" title="Presses de Sciences Po">Presses de Sciences Po</a>, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-7246-0937-9" title="Special:BookSources/2-7246-0937-9">2-7246-0937-9</a>: Résultats d'une grande enquête menée en janvier 2002 auprès des élèves par le Cevipof</li> <li>Comité national d'évaluation des établissements publics à caractère scientifique, culturel et professionnel, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cne-evaluation.fr/WCNE_pdf/IEPParis_2005.pdf">Rapport d'évaluation de l'Institut d'études politiques de Paris</a>, Septembre 2005</li> <li>Cyril Delhay, Promotion ZEP. Des quartiers à Sciences Po, Paris: <a href="/wiki/Hachette_Livre" title="Hachette Livre">Hachette</a>, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-01-235949-3" title="Special:BookSources/2-01-235949-3">2-01-235949-3</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sciences_Po&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Professional_Schools_of_International_Affairs" title="Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs">The Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#ddddff;"><div id="*_Member_schools"> <ul><li>Member schools</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_University" title="American University">American University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_University_School_of_International_Service" title="American University School of International Service">American University School of International Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_University" title="Boston University">Boston University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pardee_School_of_Global_Studies" title="Pardee School of Global Studies">Pardee School of Global Studies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carleton_University" title="Carleton University">Carleton University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Paterson_School_of_International_Affairs" title="Norman Paterson School of International Affairs">Norman Paterson School of International Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/School_of_International_and_Public_Affairs,_Columbia_University" class="mw-redirect" title="School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University">School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_University" title="Duke University">Duke University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_School_of_Public_Policy" title="Sanford School of Public Policy">Sanford School of Public Policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_International_University" title="Florida International University">Florida International University</a> <ul><li>Steven J. Green School of International and Public Affairs</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_University" title="George Washington University">George Washington University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elliott_School_of_International_Affairs" title="Elliott School of International Affairs">Elliott School of International Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University" title="Georgetown University">Georgetown University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_A._Walsh_School_of_Foreign_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service">Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgia Institute of Technology">Georgia Institute of Technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn_School_of_International_Affairs" title="Sam Nunn School of International Affairs">Sam Nunn School of International Affairs</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[1]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_School_of_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy School of Government">John F. Kennedy School of Government</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[2]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University" title="Johns Hopkins University">Johns Hopkins University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Advanced_International_Studies" title="School of Advanced International Studies">School of Advanced International Studies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University">Pennsylvania State University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penn_State_School_of_International_Affairs" title="Penn State School of International Affairs">Penn State School of International Affairs</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[3]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_School_of_Public_and_International_Affairs" title="Princeton School of Public and International Affairs">Princeton School of Public and International Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freeman_Spogli_Institute_for_International_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies">Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_University" title="Syracuse University">Syracuse University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_School_of_Citizenship_and_Public_Affairs" title="Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs">Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University" title="Texas A&M University">Texas A&M University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Bush_School_of_Government_and_Public_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bush School of Government and Public Service">The Bush School of Government and Public Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufts_University" title="Tufts University">Tufts University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Fletcher_School_of_Law_and_Diplomacy" class="mw-redirect" title="The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy">The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_San_Diego" title="University of California, San Diego">University of California, San Diego</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UC_San_Diego_School_of_Global_Policy_and_Strategy" class="mw-redirect" title="UC San Diego School of Global Policy and Strategy">UC San Diego School of Global Policy and Strategy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Denver" title="University of Denver">University of Denver</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Korbel_School_of_International_Studies" title="Josef Korbel School of International Studies">Josef Korbel School of International Studies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_College_Park" title="University of Maryland, College Park">University of Maryland, College Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland_School_of_Public_Policy" title="University of Maryland School of Public Policy">University of Maryland School of Public Policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ford_School_of_Public_Policy" title="Ford School of Public Policy">Ford School of Public Policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">University of Minnesota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_School_of_Public_Affairs" title="Humphrey School of Public Affairs">Humphrey School of Public Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">University of Pittsburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh_Graduate_School_of_Public_and_International_Affairs" title="University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public and International Affairs">University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public and International Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Southern_California" title="University of Southern California">University of Southern California</a> <ul><li>USC Master of Public Diplomacy program</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_University_of_Texas_at_Austin" class="mw-redirect" title="The University of Texas at Austin">The University of Texas at Austin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson_School_of_Public_Affairs" title="Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs">Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Munk_School_of_Global_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Munk School of Global Affairs">Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">University of Washington</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington_Henry_M._Jackson_School_of_International_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Washington Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies">Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Institute_for_Global_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Jackson Institute for Global Affairs">Yale Jackson School of Global Affairs</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[4]</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graduate_Institute_of_International_and_Development_Studies" title="Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies">Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertie_School" title="Hertie School">Hertie School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockholm_School_of_Economics" title="Stockholm School of Economics">Stockholm School of Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St._Gallen" title="University of St. Gallen">University of St. Gallen</a> <ul><li>Master International Affairs and Governance program</li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sciences Po</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_School_of_International_Affairs" title="Paris School of International Affairs">Paris School of International Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IE_University" title="IE University">IE University</a> <ul><li>School of Politics, Economics, and Global Affairs</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_Institute_of_International_Relations" title="Moscow State Institute of International Relations">Moscow State Institute of International Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_State_University" title="Saint Petersburg State University">Saint Petersburg State University</a> <ul><li>School of International Relations</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yonsei_University" title="Yonsei University">Yonsei University</a> <ul><li>Graduate School of International Studies</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seoul_National_University" title="Seoul National University">Seoul National University</a> <ul><li>Graduate School of International Studies</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_University" title="Korea University">Korea University</a> <ul><li>Graduate School of International Studies</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Singapore" title="National University of Singapore">National University of Singapore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Kuan_Yew_School_of_Public_Policy" title="Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy">Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritsumeikan_University" title="Ritsumeikan University">Ritsumeikan University</a> <ul><li>Graduate School of International Relations</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Queensland" title="University of Queensland">University of Queensland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#ddddff;"><div id="*_Affiliate_member_schools"> <ul><li>Affiliate member schools</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbird_School_of_Global_Management" title="Thunderbird School of Global Management">Thunderbird School of Global Management</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balsillie_School_of_International_Affairs" title="Balsillie School of International Affairs">Balsille School of International Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo" title="University of Waterloo">University of Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Laurier_University" title="Wilfrid Laurier University">Wilfrid Laurier University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_International_Governance_Innovation" title="Centre for International Governance Innovation">Centre for International Governance Innovation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_College" title="Baruch College">Baruch College</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marxe_School_of_Public_and_International_Affairs" title="Marxe School of Public and International Affairs">Marxe School of Public and International Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandeis_University" title="Brandeis University">Brandeis University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Heller_School_for_Social_Policy_and_Management" class="mw-redirect" title="The Heller School for Social Policy and Management">The Heller School for Social Policy and Management</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Mellon_University" title="Carnegie Mellon University">Carnegie Mellon University</a> <ul><li>Institute for Politics and Strategy</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DePaul_University" title="DePaul University">DePaul University</a> <ul><li>International Studies Program</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordham_University" title="Fordham University">Fordham University</a> <ul><li>Graduate Program in International Political Economy and Development</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Mason_University" title="George Mason University">George Mason University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schar_School_of_Policy_and_Government" title="Schar School of Policy and Government">Schar School of Policy and Government</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Graduate_School_of_Public_Service" title="Wagner Graduate School of Public Service">Wagner Graduate School of Public Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_State_University" title="North Carolina State University">North Carolina State University</a> <ul><li>School of Public and International Affairs</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepperdine_University" title="Pepperdine University">Pepperdine University</a> <ul><li>School of Public Policy</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_State_University" title="San Francisco State University">San Francisco State University</a> <ul><li>Department of International Relations</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seton_Hall_University" title="Seton Hall University">Seton Hall University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Diplomacy_and_International_Relations" title="School of Diplomacy and International Relations">School of Diplomacy and International Relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Georgia" title="University of Georgia">University of Georgia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Georgia_School_of_Public_and_International_Affairs" title="University of Georgia School of Public and International Affairs">University of Georgia School of Public and International Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miami" title="University of Miami">University of Miami</a> <ul><li>Master of Arts in International Administration program</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oregon" title="University of Oregon">University of Oregon</a> <ul><li>Department of International Studies</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middlebury_College" title="Middlebury College">Middlebury College</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middlebury_Institute_of_International_Studies_at_Monterey" title="Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey">Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_William_%26_Mary" title="College of William & Mary">College of William & Mary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austral_University_(Argentina)" title="Austral University (Argentina)">Universidad Austral</a> <ul><li>Escuela de Política, Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universidad_Externado_de_Colombia" title="Universidad Externado de Colombia">Universidad Externado de Colombia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Trento" title="University of Trento">University of Trento</a> <ul><li>School of International Studies</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_Academy_of_Vienna" title="Diplomatic Academy of Vienna">Diplomatic Academy of Vienna</a> - Vienna School of International Studies</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_University_of_Economics_and_Business" title="Prague University of Economics and Business">Prague University of Economics and Business</a> <ul><li>Jan Masaryk Centre for International Studies</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Barcelona_d%27Estudis_Internacionals" title="Institut Barcelona d'Estudis Internacionals">Institut Barcelona d'Estudis Internacionals</a> - IBEI <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barcelona_Centre_for_International_Affairs" title="Barcelona Centre for International Affairs">Barcelona Centre for International Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompeu_Fabra_University" title="Pompeu Fabra University">Pompeu Fabra University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Barcelona" title="University of Barcelona">University of Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_University_of_Barcelona" title="Autonomous University of Barcelona">Autonomous University of Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Catalonia" title="Polytechnic University of Catalonia">Polytechnic University of Catalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_University_of_Catalonia" title="Open University of Catalonia">Open University of Catalonia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Geneva" title="University of Geneva">University of Geneva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Akhawayn_University" title="Al Akhawayn University">Al Akhawayn University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADA_University" title="ADA University">ADA University</a> <ul><li>School of Public and International Affairs</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waseda_University" title="Waseda University">Waseda University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graduate_School_of_Asia-Pacific_Studies" title="Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies">Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utsunomiya_University" title="Utsunomiya University">Utsunomiya University</a> <ul><li>Graduate School of International Studies</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_University_of_Japan" title="International University of Japan">International University of Japan</a> <ul><li>Graduate School of International Relations</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanyang_Technological_University" title="Nanyang Technological University">Nanyang Technological University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S._Rajaratnam_School_of_International_Studies" title="S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies">S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Chengchi_University" title="National Chengchi University">National Chengchi University</a> <ul><li>College of International Affairs</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fudan_University" title="Fudan University">Fudan University</a> <ul><li>School of International Relations and Public Affairs</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_University_of_Japan" title="International University of Japan">International University of Japan</a> <ul><li>Graduate School of International Relations</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utsunomiya_University" title="Utsunomiya University">Utsunomiya University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monash_University" title="Monash University">Monash University</a> <ul><li>Master of International Relations program</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sydney" title="University of Sydney">University of Sydney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inta.gatech.edu/about/apsia">"Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs | Sam Nunn School of International Affairs"</a>. inta.gatech.edu. Retrieved 16 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=inta.gatech.edu&rft.atitle=Association+of+Professional+Schools+of+International+Affairs+%7C+Sam+Nunn+School+of+International+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finta.gatech.edu%2Fabout%2Fapsia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://careerservices.fas.harvard.edu/events/2023/07/20/association-of-professional-schools-of-international-affairs-apsia-online-graduate-school-fair/">"Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA) Online Graduate School Fair"</a>. Harvard FAS | Mignone Center for Career Success. 12 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Harvard+FAS+%7C+Mignone+Center+for+Career+Success&rft.atitle=Association+of+Professional+Schools+of+International+Affairs+%28APSIA%29+Online+Graduate+School+Fair&rft.date=2023-07-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcareerservices.fas.harvard.edu%2Fevents%2F2023%2F07%2F20%2Fassociation-of-professional-schools-of-international-affairs-apsia-online-graduate-school-fair%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sia.psu.edu/why-penn-state-sia/apsia">"APSIA Member – Penn State School of International Affairs"</a>. www.sia.psu.edu. Retrieved 16 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sia.psu.edu&rft.atitle=APSIA+Member+%E2%80%93+Penn+State+School+of+International+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sia.psu.edu%2Fwhy-penn-state-sia%2Fapsia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ocs.yale.edu/organizations/association-of-professional-schools-of-international-affairs-apsia/">"Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA)"</a>. Office of Career Strategy – Yale University. 7 June 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+of+Career+Strategy+%E2%80%93+Yale+University&rft.atitle=Association+of+Professional+Schools+of+International+Affairs+%28APSIA%29&rft.date=2023-06-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Focs.yale.edu%2Forganizations%2Fassociation-of-professional-schools-of-international-affairs-apsia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASciences+Po" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Public_universities_and_Grandes_Écoles_in_France_(EPSCP)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:EPSCP" title="Template:EPSCP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:EPSCP" title="Template talk:EPSCP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:EPSCP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:EPSCP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Public_universities_and_Grandes_Écoles_in_France_(EPSCP)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_scientifique,_culturel_et_professionnel" title="Établissement public à caractère scientifique, culturel et professionnel">Public universities and Grandes Écoles in France</a> (EPSCP)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="List of colleges and universities in France">Universities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aix-Marseille_University" title="Aix-Marseille University">Aix-Marseille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Picardy_Jules_Verne" title="University of Picardy Jules Verne">Amiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Angers" title="University of Angers">Angers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_French_Antilles" title="University of the French Antilles">Antilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Artois" title="University of Artois">Artois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avignon_University" title="Avignon University">Avignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Franche-Comt%C3%A9" title="University of Franche-Comté">Besançon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bordeaux" title="University of Bordeaux">Bordeaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bordeaux_Montaigne_University" title="Bordeaux Montaigne University">Bordeaux Montaigne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Brittany" title="University of Western Brittany">Brest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Brittany_University" title="Southern Brittany University">Bretagne-Sud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Caen_Normandy" title="University of Caen Normandy">Caen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Savoie_Mont_Blanc" title="Université Savoie Mont Blanc">Chambéry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Corsica_Pasquale_Paoli" title="University of Corsica Pasquale Paoli">Corse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Burgundy" title="University of Burgundy">Dijon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_%C3%89vry_Val_d%27Essonne" title="University of Évry Val d'Essonne">Évry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Havre_Normandy_University" title="Le Havre Normandy University">Le Havre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_French_Guiana" title="University of French Guiana">Guyane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Limoges" title="University of Limoges">Limoges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Littoral_Opal_Coast" title="University of the Littoral Opal Coast">Littoral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lyon" title="University of Lyon">Lyon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Bernard_University_Lyon_1" title="Claude Bernard University Lyon 1">Lyon 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumi%C3%A8re_University_Lyon_2" title="Lumière University Lyon 2">Lyon 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Moulin_University_Lyon_3" title="Jean Moulin University Lyon 3">Lyon 3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Mans_University" title="Le Mans University">Le Mans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Val%C3%A9ry_University_Montpellier_3" title="Paul Valéry University Montpellier 3">Montpellier 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Upper_Alsace" title="University of Upper Alsace">Mulhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_N%C3%AEmes" title="University of Nîmes">Nîmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_New_Caledonia" title="University of New Caledonia">Nouvelle-Calédonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="University of Orléans">Orléans</a></li> <li>Paris <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Nanterre_University" title="Paris Nanterre University">Nanterre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_1_Panth%C3%A9on-Sorbonne_University" title="Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University">Panthéon-Sorbonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_University" title="Sorbonne University">Sorbonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_Nouvelle_University_Paris_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorbonne Nouvelle University Paris 3">Sorbonne Nouvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_Paris_North_University" title="Sorbonne Paris North University">Sorbonne Paris North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_8_University_Vincennes-Saint-Denis" title="Paris 8 University Vincennes-Saint-Denis">Paris 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris-East_Cr%C3%A9teil_University" title="Paris-East Créteil University">Paris-East Créteil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pau_and_the_Adour_Region" title="University of Pau and the Adour Region">Pau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Perpignan_Via_Domitia" title="University of Perpignan Via Domitia">Perpignan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Poitiers" title="University of Poitiers">Poitiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_French_Polynesia" title="University of French Polynesia">Polynésie française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Reims_Champagne-Ardenne" title="University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne">Reims</a></li> <li>Rennes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rennes_2_University" title="Rennes 2 University">Rennes 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Reunion_Island" title="University of Reunion Island">La Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Rochelle_University" title="La Rochelle University">La Rochelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Rouen_Normandy" title="University of Rouen Normandy">Rouen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Monnet_University" title="Jean Monnet University">Saint-Étienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strasbourg" title="University of Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toulon" title="University of Toulon">Toulon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toulouse" title="University of Toulouse">Toulouse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toulouse-Jean_Jaur%C3%A8s" title="University of Toulouse-Jean Jaurès">Jean Jaurès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toulouse_III_-_Paul_Sabatier_University" title="Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier University">Paul Sabatier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Polytechnic_Institute_of_Toulouse" title="National Polytechnic Institute of Toulouse">INPT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tours" title="University of Tours">Tours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Versailles_Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines" title="University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines">Versailles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em">Collegiate universities (EPE)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Paris <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_2_Panth%C3%A9on-Assas_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris 2 Panthéon-Assas University">Assas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Paris_Cit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Université Paris Cité">Cité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris-Saclay_University" title="Paris-Saclay University">Saclay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clermont_Auvergne_University" title="Clermont Auvergne University">Clermont-Ferrand</a></li> <li>Toulouse <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toulouse_Capitole_University" title="Toulouse Capitole University">Capitole</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lille" title="University of Lille">Lille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Nantes" title="University of Nantes">Nantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Rennes" title="University of Rennes">Rennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CY_Cergy_Paris_University" title="CY Cergy Paris University">Cergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Montpellier" title="University of Montpellier">Montpellier</a></li> <li> Nice <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_C%C3%B4te_d%27Azur" class="mw-redirect" title="Université Côte d'Azur">Côte d'Azur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustave_Eiffel_University" title="Gustave Eiffel University">Gustave Eiffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Hauts-de-France" title="Polytechnic University of Hauts-de-France">Polytechnic University of Hauts-de-France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_Institute_of_Paris" title="Polytechnic Institute of Paris">Polytechnic Institute of Paris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em"><a href="/wiki/Grands_%C3%A9tablissements" title="Grands établissements">Grands établissements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Sciences_et_Lettres_University" title="Paris Sciences et Lettres University">PSL University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Dauphine_University" title="Paris Dauphine University">Dauphine University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lorraine" title="University of Lorraine">University of Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenoble_Alpes_University" title="Grenoble Alpes University">Grenoble Alpes University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grandes_%C3%A9coles" class="mw-redirect" title="Grandes écoles">Grandes écoles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em"><a href="/wiki/Grands_%C3%A9tablissements" title="Grands établissements">Grands établissements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Polytechnic_Institutes_(France)" title="National Polytechnic Institutes (France)">Institutes of Technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grenoble_Institute_of_Technology" title="Grenoble Institute of Technology">Grenoble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Polytechnic_Institute_of_Lorraine" title="National Polytechnic Institute of Lorraine">Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Polytechnic_Institute_of_Toulouse" title="National Polytechnic Institute of Toulouse">Toulouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_Institute_of_Bordeaux" title="Polytechnic Institute of Bordeaux">Bordeaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_Institute_of_Clermont-Auvergne" title="Polytechnic Institute of Clermont-Auvergne">Clermont-Auvergne</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agro_ParisTech" class="mw-redirect" title="Agro ParisTech">Agro ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_et_M%C3%A9tiers_ParisTech" title="Arts et Métiers ParisTech">Arts et Métiers ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_de_France" title="Collège de France">Collège de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatoire_national_des_arts_et_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Conservatoire national des arts et métiers">Conservatoire national des arts et métiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CentraleSup%C3%A9lec" title="CentraleSupélec">CentraleSupélec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_ponts_ParisTech" title="École des ponts ParisTech">École des ponts ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Nationale_des_Chartes" title="École Nationale des Chartes">École Nationale des Chartes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_des_sciences_de_l%27information_et_des_biblioth%C3%A8ques" class="mw-redirect" title="École nationale supérieure des sciences de l'information et des bibliothèques">ENSSIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_maritime" title="École nationale supérieure maritime">École nationale supérieure maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_pratique_des_hautes_%C3%A9tudes" title="École pratique des hautes études">École pratique des hautes études</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EHESP" title="EHESP">EHESP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INSEP" title="INSEP">INSEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_de_Physique_du_Globe_de_Paris" title="Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris">Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Agro" title="Institut Agro">Institut Agro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Agro_Dijon" title="Institut Agro Dijon">Dijon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_agro_Montpellier" title="Institut agro Montpellier">Montpellier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Agro_Rennes-Angers" title="Institut Agro Rennes-Angers">Rennes-Angers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Mines-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9com" title="Institut Mines-Télécom">Institut Mines-Télécom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9com_Paris" title="Télécom Paris">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9com_SudParis" title="Télécom SudParis">Évry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_mines_d%27Albi-Carmaux" title="École des mines d'Albi-Carmaux">Albi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_mines_d%27Al%C3%A8s" title="École des mines d'Alès">Alès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_des_mines_de_Saint-%C3%89tienne" title="École nationale supérieure des mines de Saint-Étienne">Saint-Étienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMT_Atlantique" title="IMT Atlantique">Brest-Rennes-Nantes-Toulouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_Mines_de_Douai" title="École des Mines de Douai">Lille-Douai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_d%27histoire_de_l%27art" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut national d'histoire de l'art">Institut national d'histoire de l'art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_langues_et_civilisations_orientales" title="Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales">Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_sup%C3%A9rieur_de_l%27a%C3%A9ronautique_et_de_l%27espace" title="Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace">Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VetAgro_Sup" title="VetAgro Sup">VetAgro Sup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Museum of Natural History (France)">National Museum of Natural History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantes-Atlantic_National_College_of_Veterinary_Medicine,_Food_Science_and_Engineering" title="Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering">Oniris Nantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Observatory" title="Paris Observatory">Paris Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_for_Advanced_Studies_in_the_Social_Sciences" title="School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences">School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em"><a href="/wiki/Centrale_Graduate_School" title="Centrale Graduate School">Écoles centrales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_centrale_de_Lille" class="mw-redirect" title="École centrale de Lille">École centrale de Lille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_centrale_de_Lyon" title="École centrale de Lyon">École centrale de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_centrale_de_Marseille" class="mw-redirect" title="École centrale de Marseille">École centrale de Marseille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_centrale_de_Nantes" title="École centrale de Nantes">École centrale de Nantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Centrale_Paris" title="École Centrale Paris">École Centrale Paris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em"><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_sciences_appliqu%C3%A9es" title="Institut national des sciences appliquées">Institut national des sciences appliquées</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/INSA_Centre_Val_de_Loire" title="INSA Centre Val de Loire">Centre Val-de-Loire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INSA_Euro-M%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9e" title="INSA Euro-Méditerranée">Euro-Méditerranée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INSA_Hauts-de-France" title="INSA Hauts-de-France">Hauts-de-France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_sciences_appliqu%C3%A9es_de_Lyon" title="Institut national des sciences appliquées de Lyon">Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_sciences_appliqu%C3%A9es_de_Rennes" title="Institut national des sciences appliquées de Rennes">Rennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_sciences_appliqu%C3%A9es_de_Rouen" title="Institut national des sciences appliquées de Rouen">Rouen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INSA_Strasbourg" title="INSA Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_sciences_appliqu%C3%A9es_de_Toulouse" title="Institut national des sciences appliquées de Toulouse">Toulouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em"><a href="/wiki/Institutes_of_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Institutes of technology">Universities of Technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_technologie_de_Belfort-Montb%C3%A9liard" title="Université de technologie de Belfort-Montbéliard">Belfort-Montbéliard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Technology_of_Compi%C3%A8gne" title="University of Technology of Compiègne">Compiègne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Technology_of_Troyes" title="University of Technology of Troyes">Troyes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure" title="École normale supérieure">Écoles normales supérieures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_(Paris)" title="École normale supérieure (Paris)">École normale supérieure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_Paris-Saclay" title="École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay">École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_de_Lyon" title="École normale supérieure de Lyon">École normale supérieure de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_normale_sup%C3%A9rieure_de_Rennes" title="École normale supérieure de Rennes">École normale supérieure de Rennes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em"><a href="/wiki/Instituts_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques" title="Instituts d'études politiques">Institutes of Political Studies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Aix" title="Sciences Po Aix">Aix-en-Provence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Bordeaux" title="Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux">Bordeaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Grenoble" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble">Grenoble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Lille" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut d'études politiques de Lille">Lille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Lyon" title="Institut d'études politiques de Lyon">Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Rennes" title="Institut d'études politiques de Rennes">Rennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Saint-Germain-en-Laye" title="Institut d'études politiques de Saint-Germain-en-Laye">Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Strasbourg" title="Institut d'études politiques de Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_de_Toulouse" title="Institut d'études politiques de Toulouse">Toulouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris-East_Cr%C3%A9teil_University" title="Paris-East Créteil University">Fontainebleau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27ing%C3%A9nieurs_de_Saint-%C3%89tienne" title="École nationale d'ingénieurs de Saint-Étienne">École nationale d'ingénieurs de Saint-Etienne (ENISE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENSAIT" title="ENSAIT">ENSAIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_des_travaux_publics_de_l%27%C3%89tat" title="École nationale des travaux publics de l'État">ENTPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supm%C3%A9ca" title="Supméca">Supméca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Groups_of_universities_and_institutions_(France)" title="Groups of universities and institutions (France)">University systems (groups)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Burgundy_-_Franche-Comt%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Burgundy - Franche-Comté">University of Burgundy - Franche-Comté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lyon" title="University of Lyon">University of Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normandy_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Normandy University">Normandy University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris-Est" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Paris-Est">Paris-Est Sup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_Paris_Cit%C3%A9_University_(group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sorbonne Paris Cité University (group)">Sorbonne Paris Cité Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_University_of_Toulouse_Midi-Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es" title="Federal University of Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées">Federal University of Toulouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_in_France" title="Category:Universities in France">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_France" title="List of universities and colleges in France">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Master_of_Public_Administration_Consortium" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#0F4D92; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Masters_in_Public_Administration_Network" title="Template:European Masters in Public Administration Network"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Masters_in_Public_Administration_Network" title="Template talk:European Masters in Public Administration Network"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Masters_in_Public_Administration_Network" 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Universiteit Leuven">KU Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">University of Louvain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Limerick" title="University of Limerick">University of Limerick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">University of Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%89tudes_Politiques_de_Lyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut d'Études Politiques de Lyon">Institut d'Études Politiques de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Sciences Po Paris">Sciences Po Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus_University_Rotterdam" title="Erasmus University Rotterdam">Erasmus University Rotterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_University_of_Administrative_Sciences_Speyer" title="German University of Administrative Sciences Speyer">German University of Administrative Sciences Speyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tallinn_University_of_Technology" title="Tallinn University of Technology">Tallinn University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Vaasa" title="University of Vaasa">University of Vaasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="7th_arrondissement_of_Paris" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:7th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="Template:7th arrondissement of Paris"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:7th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="Template talk:7th arrondissement of Paris"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:7th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="Special:EditPage/Template:7th arrondissement of Paris"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="7th_arrondissement_of_Paris" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/7th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="7th arrondissement of Paris">7th arrondissement of Paris</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighbourhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faubourg_Saint-Germain" title="Faubourg Saint-Germain">Faubourg Saint-Germain</a></li> <li>Quartier du Gros-Caillou</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary and secondary schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_et_coll%C3%A8ge_Victor_Duruy" class="mw-redirect" title="Lycée et collège Victor Duruy">Lycée et collège Victor Duruy</a></li> <li>Établissement La Rochefoucauld</li> <li>Institut de l'Alma</li> <li>Lycée-collège Paul-Claudel</li> <li>Lycée d'Hulst</li> <li>Lycée Sainte-Jeanne Elisabeth</li> <li>Lycée Saint-Thomas-d'Aquin</li> <li>Lycée Thérèse-Chappuis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istituto_Statale_Italiano_Leonardo_Da_Vinci" title="Istituto Statale Italiano Leonardo Da Vinci">Istituto Statale Italiano Leonardo Da Vinci</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges and universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_University_of_Paris" title="American University of Paris">American University of Paris</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sciences Po</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Church_in_Paris" title="American Church in Paris">American Church in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Boisgelin_(Rue_de_Varenne,_Paris)" title="Hôtel de Boisgelin (Rue de Varenne, Paris)">Hôtel de Boisgelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Matignon" title="Hôtel Matignon">Hôtel Matignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Arm%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée de l'Armée">Musée de l'Armée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Plans-Reliefs" title="Musée des Plans-Reliefs">Musée des Plans-Reliefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Histoire_Contemporaine" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée d'Histoire Contemporaine">Musée d'Histoire Contemporaine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Maillol" title="Musée Maillol">Musée Maillol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" title="Musée de la Légion d'honneur">Musée de la Légion d'honneur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Ordre_de_la_Lib%C3%A9ration" title="Musée de l'Ordre de la Libération">Musée de l'Ordre de la Libération</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_quai_Branly" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du quai Branly">Musée du quai Branly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin" title="Musée Rodin">Musée Rodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Valentin_Ha%C3%BCy" title="Musée Valentin Haüy">Musée Valentin Haüy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_de_l%27Alma" title="Pont de l'Alma">Pont de l'Alma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_des_Invalides" title="Pont des Invalides">Pont des Invalides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Representative_Office_in_France" title="Taipei Representative Office in France">Taipei Representative Office in France</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paris Métro stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_Nationale_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Assemblée Nationale (Paris Métro)">Assemblée Nationale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_de_Mars_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Champ de Mars (Paris Métro)">Champ de Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duroc_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Duroc (Paris Métro)">Duroc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Militaire_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="École Militaire (Paris Métro)">École Militaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invalides_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro_and_RER)" class="mw-redirect" title="Invalides (Paris Métro and RER)">Invalides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Tour-Maubourg_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="La Tour-Maubourg (Paris Métro)">La Tour-Maubourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_du_Bac_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rue du Bac (Paris Métro)">Rue du Bac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint-François-Xavier (Paris Métro)">Saint-François-Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9gur_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ségur (Paris Métro)">Ségur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8vres_%E2%80%93_Babylone_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sèvres – Babylone (Paris Métro)">Sèvres – Babylone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solf%C3%A9rino_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solférino (Paris Métro)">Solférino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaneau_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaneau (Paris Métro)">Vaneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varenne_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Varenne (Paris Métro)">Varenne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paris RER stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Invalides_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro_and_RER)" class="mw-redirect" title="Invalides (Paris Métro and RER)">Invalides</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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/></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121532557">ISNI</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121768252">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/145023311">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1090510241">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50079475">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119857746">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119857746">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2006354552&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2006354553&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/99029127">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=124535">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007583924905171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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