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radiography</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: computed radiography"> <meta name="keywords" content="computed radiography"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="computed radiography"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 928</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: computed radiography</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">928</span> Image Quality and Dose Optimisations in Digital and Computed Radiography X-ray Radiography Using Lumbar Spine Phantom</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elhussaien%20Elshiekh">Elhussaien Elshiekh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A study was performed to management and compare radiation doses and image quality during Lumbar spine PA and Lumbar spine LAT, x- ray radiography using Computed Radiography (CR) and Digital Radiography (DR). Standard exposure factors such as kV, mAs and FFD used for imaging the Lumbar spine anthropomorphic phantom obtained from average exposure factors that were used with CR in five radiology centres. Lumbar spine phantom was imaged using CR and DR systems. Entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) was calculated X-ray tube output and patient exposure factor. Images were evaluated using visual grading system based on the European Guidelines on Quality Criteria for diagnostic radiographic images. The ESAK corresponding to each image was measured at the surface of the phantom. Six experienced specialists evaluated hard copies of all the images, the image score (IS) was calculated for each image by finding the average score of the Six evaluators. The IS value also was used to determine whether an image was diagnostically acceptable. The optimum recommended exposure factors founded here for Lumbar spine PA and Lumbar spine LAT, with respectively (80 kVp,25 mAs at 100 cm FFD) and (75 kVp,15 mAs at 100 cm FFD) for CR system, and (80 kVp,15 mAs at100 cm FFD) and (75 kVp,10 mAs at 100 cm FFD) for DR system. For Lumbar spine PA, the lowest ESAK value required to obtain a diagnostically acceptable image were 0.80 mGy for DR and 1.20 mGy for CR systems. Similarly for Lumbar spine LAT projection, the lowest ESAK values to obtain a diagnostically acceptable image were 0.62 mGy for DR and 0.76 mGy for CR systems. At standard kVp and mAs values, the image quality did not vary significantly between the CR and the DR system, but at higher kVp and mAs values, the DR images were found to be of better quality than CR images. In addition, the lower limit of entrance skin dose consistent with diagnostically acceptable DR images was 40% lower than that for CR images. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20quality" title="image quality">image quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dosimetry" title=" dosimetry"> dosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title=" radiation protection"> radiation protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20radiography" title=" digital radiography"> digital radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20radiography" title=" computed radiography"> computed radiography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185317/image-quality-and-dose-optimisations-in-digital-and-computed-radiography-x-ray-radiography-using-lumbar-spine-phantom" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">50</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">927</span> Evaluation of Computed Tomographic Anatomy of Respiratory System in Caspian Pond Turtle (Mauremys caspica)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saghar%20Karimi">Saghar Karimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Saeed%20Ahrari%20Khafi"> Mohammad Saeed Ahrari Khafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Abolhasani%20Foroughi"> Amin Abolhasani Foroughi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent decades, keeping exotic species as pet animals has become widespread. Turtles are exotic species from chelonians, which are interested by many people. Caspian pond and European pond turtles from Emydidea family are commonly kept as pets in Iran. Presence of the shell in turtles makes achievement to a comprehensive clinical examination impossible. Respiratory system is one of the most important structures to be examined completely. Presence of the air in the respiratory system makes radiography the first modality to think of; however, image quality would be affected by the shell. Computed tomography (CT) as a radiography-based and non-invasive technique provides cross-sectional scans with little superimposition. The aim of this study was to depict normal computed tomographic anatomy of the respiratory system in Caspian Pond Turtle. Five adult Caspian pond turtle were scanned using a 16-detector CT machine. Our results showed that computed tomography is able to well illustrated different parts of respiratory system in turtle and can be used for detecting abnormalities and disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anatomy" title="anatomy">anatomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title=" computed tomography"> computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=respiratory%20system" title=" respiratory system"> respiratory system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turtle" title=" turtle"> turtle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97439/evaluation-of-computed-tomographic-anatomy-of-respiratory-system-in-caspian-pond-turtle-mauremys-caspica" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">926</span> Visibility of the Borders of the Mandibular Canal: A Comparative in Vitro Study Using Digital Panoramic Radiography, Reformatted Panoramic Radiography and Cross Sectional Cone Beam Computed Tomography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keerthilatha%20Pai">Keerthilatha Pai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakshi%20Kamra"> Sakshi Kamra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: Determining the position of the mandibular canal prior to implant placement and surgeries of the posterior mandible are important to avoid the nerve injury. The visibility of the mandibular canal varies according to the imaging modality. Although panoramic radiography is the most common, slowly cone beam computed tomography is replacing it. This study was conducted with an aim to determine and compare the visibility of superior and inferior borders of the mandibular canal in digital panoramic radiograph, reformatted panoramic radiograph and cross-sectional images of cone beam computed tomography. Study design: digital panoramic, reformatted panoramic radiograph and cross sectional CBCT images of 25 human mandibles were evaluated for the visibility of the superior and inferior borders of the mandibular canal according to a 5 point scoring criteria. Also, the canal was evaluated as completely visible, partially visible and not visible. The mean scores and visibility percentage of all the imaging modalities were determined and compared. The interobserver and intraobserver agreement in the visualization of the superior and inferior borders of the mandibular canal were determined. Results: The superior and inferior borders of the mandibular canal were completely visible in 47% of the samples in digital panoramic, 63% in reformatted panoramic and 75.6% in CBCT cross-sectional images. The mandibular canal was invisible in 24% of samples in digital panoramic, 19% in reformatted panoramic and 2% in cross-sectional CBCT images. Maximum visibility was seen in Zone 5 and least visibility in Zone 1. On comparison of all the imaging modalities, CBCT cross-sectional images showed better visibility of superior border in Zones 2,3,4,6 and inferior border in Zones 2,3,4,6. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: CBCT cross-sectional images were much superior in the visualization of the mandibular canal in comparison to reformatted and digital panoramic radiographs. The inferior border was better visualized in comparison to the superior border in digital panoramic imaging. The mandibular canal was maximumly visible in posterior one-third region of the mandible and the visibility decreased towards the mental foramen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cone%20beam%20computed%20tomography" title="cone beam computed tomography">cone beam computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mandibular%20canal" title=" mandibular canal"> mandibular canal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reformatted%20panoramic%20radiograph" title=" reformatted panoramic radiograph"> reformatted panoramic radiograph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visualization" title=" visualization"> visualization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108093/visibility-of-the-borders-of-the-mandibular-canal-a-comparative-in-vitro-study-using-digital-panoramic-radiography-reformatted-panoramic-radiography-and-cross-sectional-cone-beam-computed-tomography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">925</span> Grid Pattern Recognition and Suppression in Computed Radiographic Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor%20Belykh">Igor Belykh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anti-scatter grids used in radiographic imaging for the contrast enhancement leave specific artifacts. Those artifacts may be visible or may cause Moiré effect when a digital image is resized on a diagnostic monitor. In this paper, we propose an automated grid artifacts detection and suppression algorithm which is still an actual problem. Grid artifacts detection is based on statistical approach in spatial domain. Grid artifacts suppression is based on Kaiser bandstop filter transfer function design and application avoiding ringing artifacts. Experimental results are discussed and concluded with description of advantages over existing approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grid" title="grid">grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20radiography" title=" computed radiography"> computed radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pattern%20recognition" title=" pattern recognition"> pattern recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title=" image processing"> image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filtering" title=" filtering"> filtering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7833/grid-pattern-recognition-and-suppression-in-computed-radiographic-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">924</span> Multi-Modality Imaging of Aggressive Hoof Wall Neoplasia in Two Horses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannah%20Nagel">Hannah Nagel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayley%20Lang"> Hayley Lang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albert%20Sole%20Guitart"> Albert Sole Guitart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natasha%20Lean"> Natasha Lean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachel%20Allavena"> Rachel Allavena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cleide%20Sprohnie-Barrera"> Cleide Sprohnie-Barrera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alex%20Young"> Alex Young</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aggressive neoplasia of the hoof is a rare occurrence in horses and has been only sporadically described in the literature. In the few cases reported intra-hoof wall, aggressive neoplasia has been documented radiographically and has been described with variable imaging characteristics. These include a well-defined osteolytic area, a smoothly outlined semi-circular defect, an extensive draining tract beneath the hoof wall, as well as an additional large area of osteolysis or an extensive central lytic region. A 20-year-old Quarterhorse gelding and a 10-year-old Thoroughbred gelding were both presented for chronic reoccurring lameness in the left forelimb and left hindlimb, respectively. Both of the cases displayed radiographic lesions that have been previously described but also displayed osteoproliferative expansile regions of additional bone formation. Changes associated with hoof neoplasia are often non-specific due to the nature and capacity of bone to react to pathological insult, which is either to proliferate or be absorbed. Both cases depict and describe imaging findings seen on radiography, contrast radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging before reaching a histological diagnosis of malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Although aggressive hoof wall neoplasia is rare, there are some imaging features which may raise our index of suspicion for an aggressive hoof wall lesion. This case report documents two horses with similar imaging findings who underwent multiple assessments, surgical interventions, and imaging modalities with a final diagnosis of malignant neoplasia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horse" title="horse">horse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hoof" title=" hoof"> hoof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaging" title=" imaging"> imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiography" title=" radiography"> radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neoplasia" title=" neoplasia"> neoplasia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134173/multi-modality-imaging-of-aggressive-hoof-wall-neoplasia-in-two-horses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">923</span> Barnard Feature Point Detector for Low-Contractperiapical Radiography Image</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Yi%20Ho">Chih-Yi Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tzu-Fang%20Chang"> Tzu-Fang Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Chia%20Huang"> Chih-Chia Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Yen%20Lee"> Chia-Yen Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In dental clinics, the dentists use the periapical radiography image to assess the effectiveness of endodontic treatment of teeth with chronic apical periodontitis. Periapical radiography images are taken at different times to assess alveolar bone variation before and after the root canal treatment, and furthermore to judge whether the treatment was successful. Current clinical assessment of apical tissue recovery relies only on dentist personal experience. It is difficult to have the same standard and objective interpretations due to the dentist or radiologist personal background and knowledge. If periapical radiography images at the different time could be registered well, the endodontic treatment could be evaluated. In the image registration area, it is necessary to assign representative control points to the transformation model for good performances of registration results. However, detection of representative control points (feature points) on periapical radiography images is generally very difficult. Regardless of which traditional detection methods are practiced, sufficient feature points may not be detected due to the low-contrast characteristics of the x-ray image. Barnard detector is an algorithm for feature point detection based on grayscale value gradients, which can obtain sufficient feature points in the case of gray-scale contrast is not obvious. However, the Barnard detector would detect too many feature points, and they would be too clustered. This study uses the local extrema of clustering feature points and the suppression radius to overcome the problem, and compared different feature point detection methods. In the preliminary result, the feature points could be detected as representative control points by the proposed method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20detection" title="feature detection">feature detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barnard%20detector" title=" Barnard detector"> Barnard detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=registration" title=" registration"> registration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=periapical%20radiography%20image" title=" periapical radiography image"> periapical radiography image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endodontic%20treatment" title=" endodontic treatment"> endodontic treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67658/barnard-feature-point-detector-for-low-contractperiapical-radiography-image" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67658.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">922</span> The Effect of Compensating Filter on Image Quality in Lateral Projection of Thoracolumbar Radiography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Arda%20Adrina%20Daud">Noor Arda Adrina Daud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Hanafi%20Ali"> Mohd Hanafi Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The compensating filter is placed between the patient and X-ray tube to compensate various density and thickness of human body. The main purpose of this project is to study the effect of compensating filter on image quality in lateral projection of thoracolumbar radiography. The study was performed by an X-ray unit where different thicknesses of aluminum were used as compensating filter. Specifically the relationship between thickness of aluminum, density and noise were evaluated. Results show different thickness of aluminum compensating filter improved the image quality of lateral projection thoracolumbar radiography. The compensating filter of 8.2 mm was considered as the optimal filter to compensate the thoracolumbar junction (T12-L1), 1 mm to compensate lumbar region and 5.9 mm to compensate thorax region. The aluminum wedge compensating filter was designed resulting in an acceptable image quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensating%20filter" title="compensating filter">compensating filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum" title=" aluminum"> aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20quality" title=" image quality"> image quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral" title=" lateral"> lateral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thoracolumbar" title=" thoracolumbar "> thoracolumbar </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6135/the-effect-of-compensating-filter-on-image-quality-in-lateral-projection-of-thoracolumbar-radiography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">921</span> 3D Vision Transformer for Cervical Spine Fracture Detection and Classification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obulesh%20Avuku">Obulesh Avuku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satwik%20Sunnam"> Satwik Sunnam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Charan%20Mohan%20Janthuka"> Sri Charan Mohan Janthuka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keerthi%20Yalamaddi"> Keerthi Yalamaddi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the United States alone, there are over 1.5 million spine fractures per year, resulting in about 17,730 spinal cord injuries. The cervical spine is where fractures in the spine most frequently occur. The prevalence of spinal fractures in the elderly has increased, and in this population, fractures may be harder to see on imaging because of coexisting degenerative illness and osteoporosis. Nowadays, computed tomography (CT) is almost completely used instead of radiography for the imaging diagnosis of adult spine fractures (x-rays). To stop neurologic degeneration and paralysis following trauma, it is vital to trace any vertebral fractures at the earliest. Many approaches have been proposed for the classification of the cervical spine [2d models]. We are here in this paper trying to break the bounds and use the vision transformers, a State-Of-The-Art- Model in image classification, by making minimal changes possible to the architecture of ViT and making it 3D-enabled architecture and this is evaluated using a weighted multi-label logarithmic loss. We have taken this problem statement from a previously held Kaggle competition, i.e., RSNA 2022 Cervical Spine Fracture Detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervical%20spine" title="cervical spine">cervical spine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinal%20fractures" title=" spinal fractures"> spinal fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title=" computed tomography"> computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2d-models" title=" 2d-models"> 2d-models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ViT" title=" ViT"> ViT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-label%20logarithmic%20loss" title=" multi-label logarithmic loss"> multi-label logarithmic loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaggle" title=" Kaggle"> Kaggle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20score" title=" public score"> public score</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20score" title=" private score"> private score</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160278/3d-vision-transformer-for-cervical-spine-fracture-detection-and-classification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">920</span> Heat-Induced Uncertainty of Industrial Computed Tomography Measuring a Stainless Steel Cylinder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Verena%20M.%20Moock">Verena M. Moock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darien%20E.%20Arce%20Ch%C3%A1vez"> Darien E. Arce Chávez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20M.%20Espejel%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> Mariana M. Espejel González</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leopoldo%20Ru%C3%ADz-Huerta"> Leopoldo Ruíz-Huerta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crescencio%20Garc%C3%ADa-Segundo"> Crescencio García-Segundo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Uncertainty analysis in industrial computed tomography is commonly related to metrological trace tools, which offer precision measurements of external part features. Unfortunately, there is no such reference tool for internal measurements to profit from the unique imaging potential of X-rays. Uncertainty approximations for computed tomography are still based on general aspects of the industrial machine and do not adapt to acquisition parameters or part characteristics. The present study investigates the impact of the acquisition time on the dimensional uncertainty measuring a stainless steel cylinder with a circular tomography scan. The authors develop the figure difference method for X-ray radiography to evaluate the volumetric differences introduced within the projected absorption maps of the metal workpiece. The dimensional uncertainty is dominantly influenced by photon energy dissipated as heat causing the thermal expansion of the metal, as monitored by an infrared camera within the industrial tomograph. With the proposed methodology, we are able to show evolving temperature differences throughout the tomography acquisition. This is an early study showing that the number of projections in computer tomography induces dimensional error due to energy absorption. The error magnitude would depend on the thermal properties of the sample and the acquisition parameters by placing apparent non-uniform unwanted volumetric expansion. We introduce infrared imaging for the experimental display of metrological uncertainty in a particular metal part of symmetric geometry. We assess that the current results are of fundamental value to reach the balance between the number of projections and uncertainty tolerance when performing analysis with X-ray dimensional exploration in precision measurements with industrial tomography. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title="computed tomography">computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20metrology" title=" digital metrology"> digital metrology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrared%20imaging" title=" infrared imaging"> infrared imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20expansion" title=" thermal expansion"> thermal expansion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157387/heat-induced-uncertainty-of-industrial-computed-tomography-measuring-a-stainless-steel-cylinder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">919</span> The Invaluable Contributions of Radiography and Radiotherapy in Modern Medicine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20Heidary">Sahar Heidary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radiography and radiotherapy have emerged as crucial pillars of modern medical practice, revolutionizing diagnostics and treatment for a myriad of health conditions. This abstract highlights the pivotal role of radiography and radiotherapy in favor of healthcare and society. Radiography, a non-invasive imaging technique, has significantly advanced medical diagnostics by enabling the visualization of internal structures and abnormalities within the human body. With the advent of digital radiography, clinicians can obtain high-resolution images promptly, leading to faster diagnoses and informed treatment decisions. Radiography plays a pivotal role in detecting fractures, tumors, infections, and various other conditions, allowing for timely interventions and improved patient outcomes. Moreover, its widespread accessibility and cost-effectiveness make it an indispensable tool in healthcare settings worldwide. On the other hand, radiotherapy, a branch of medical science that utilizes high-energy radiation, has become an integral component of cancer treatment and management. By precisely targeting and damaging cancerous cells, radiotherapy offers a potent strategy to control tumor growth and, in many cases, leads to cancer eradication. Additionally, radiotherapy is often used in combination with surgery and chemotherapy, providing a multifaceted approach to combat cancer comprehensively. The continuous advancements in radiotherapy techniques, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery, have further improved treatment precision while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Furthermore, radiography and radiotherapy have demonstrated their worth beyond oncology. Radiography is instrumental in guiding various medical procedures, including catheter placement, joint injections, and dental evaluations, reducing complications and enhancing procedural accuracy. On the other hand, radiotherapy finds applications in non-cancerous conditions like benign tumors, vascular malformations, and certain neurological disorders, offering therapeutic options for patients who may not benefit from traditional surgical interventions. In conclusion, radiography and radiotherapy stand as indispensable tools in modern medicine, driving transformative improvements in patient care and treatment outcomes. Their ability to diagnose, treat, and manage a wide array of medical conditions underscores their favor in medical practice. As technology continues to advance, radiography and radiotherapy will undoubtedly play an ever more significant role in shaping the future of healthcare, ultimately saving lives and enhancing the quality of life for countless individuals worldwide. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiology" title="radiology">radiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotherapy" title=" radiotherapy"> radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20imaging" title=" medical imaging"> medical imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20treatment" title=" cancer treatment"> cancer treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170385/the-invaluable-contributions-of-radiography-and-radiotherapy-in-modern-medicine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">918</span> Comparison of Computed Tomography Dose Index, Dose Length Product and Effective Dose Among Male and Female Patients From Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography Pancreatitis Protocol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babina%20Aryal">Babina Aryal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The diagnosis of pancreatitis is generally based on clinical and laboratory findings; however, Computed Tomography (CT) is an imaging technique of choice specially Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) shows morphological characteristic findings that allow for establishing the diagnosis of pancreatitis and determining the extent of disease severity which is done along with the administration of appropriate contrast medium. The purpose of this study was to compare Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI), Dose Length Product (DLP) and Effective Dose (ED) among male and female patients from Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) Pancreatitis Protocol. Methods: This retrospective study involved data collection based on clinical/laboratory/ultrasonography diagnosis of Pancreatitis and has undergone CECT Abdomen pancreatitis protocol. data collection involved detailed information about a patient's Age and Gender, Clinical history, Individual Computed Tomography Dose Index and Dose Length Product and effective dose. Results: We have retrospectively collected dose data from 150 among which 127 were males and 23 were females. The values obtained from the display of the CT screen were measured, calculated and compared to determine whether the CTDI, DLP and ED values were similar or not. CTDI for females was more as compared to males. The differences in CTDI values for females and males were 32.2087 and 37.1609 respectively. DLP values and Effective dose for both the genders did not show significant differences. Conclusion: This study concluded that there were no more significant changes in the DLP and ED values among both the genders however we noticed that female patients had more CTDI than males. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title="computed tomography">computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contrast%20enhanced%20computed%20tomography" title=" contrast enhanced computed tomography"> contrast enhanced computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography%20dose%20index" title=" computed tomography dose index"> computed tomography dose index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dose%20length%20product" title=" dose length product"> dose length product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20dose" title=" effective dose"> effective dose</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175402/comparison-of-computed-tomography-dose-index-dose-length-product-and-effective-dose-among-male-and-female-patients-from-contrast-enhanced-computed-tomography-pancreatitis-protocol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">917</span> Geometric Calibration of Computed Tomography Equipment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Hung%20Liao">Chia-Hung Liao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shih-Chieh%20Lin"> Shih-Chieh Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> X-ray computed tomography (CT) technology has been used in the electronics industry as one of the non-destructive inspection tools for years. The key advantage of X-ray computed tomography technology superior to traditional optical inspection is the penetrating characteristics of X-rays can be used to detect defects in the interior of objects. The objective of this study is to find a way to estimate the system geometric deviation of X-ray CT equipment. Projection trajectories of the characteristic points of standard parts were tracked, and ways to calculate the deviation of various geometric parameters of the system will be proposed and evaluated. A simulation study will be conducted to first find out the effects of system geometric deviation on projected trajectories. Then ways to estimate geometric deviation with collected trajectories will be proposed and tested through simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometric%20calibration" title="geometric calibration">geometric calibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20computed%20tomography" title=" X-ray computed tomography"> X-ray computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trajectory%20tracing" title=" trajectory tracing"> trajectory tracing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconstruction%20optimization" title=" reconstruction optimization"> reconstruction optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163099/geometric-calibration-of-computed-tomography-equipment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163099.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">916</span> Efects of Data Corelation in a Sparse-View Compresive Sensing Based Image Reconstruction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajid%20Abas">Sajid Abas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jon%20Pyo%20Hong"> Jon Pyo Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Ryun%20Le"> Jung-Ryun Le</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seungryong%20Cho"> Seungryong Cho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Computed tomography and laminography are heavily investigated in a compressive sensing based image reconstruction framework to reduce the dose to the patients as well as to the radiosensitive devices such as multilayer microelectronic circuit boards. Nowadays researchers are actively working on optimizing the compressive sensing based iterative image reconstruction algorithm to obtain better quality images. However, the effects of the sampled data’s properties on reconstructed the image’s quality, particularly in an insufficient sampled data conditions have not been explored in computed laminography. In this paper, we investigated the effects of two data properties i.e. sampling density and data incoherence on the reconstructed image obtained by conventional computed laminography and a recently proposed method called spherical sinusoidal scanning scheme. We have found that in a compressive sensing based image reconstruction framework, the image quality mainly depends upon the data incoherence when the data is uniformly sampled. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title="computed tomography">computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20laminography" title=" computed laminography"> computed laminography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20sending" title=" compressive sending"> compressive sending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-dose" title=" low-dose"> low-dose</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13025/efects-of-data-corelation-in-a-sparse-view-compresive-sensing-based-image-reconstruction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13025.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">915</span> Establishment of Diagnostic Reference Levels for Computed Tomography Examination at the University of Ghana Medical Centre</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shirazu%20Issahaku">Shirazu Issahaku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaac%20Kwesi%20Acquah"> Isaac Kwesi Acquah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Mensah%20Amoh"> Simon Mensah Amoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Nunoo"> George Nunoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Diagnostic Reference Levels are important indicators for monitoring and optimizing protocol and procedure in medical imaging between facilities and equipment. This helps to evaluate whether, in routine clinical conditions, the median value obtained for a representative group of patients within an agreed range from a specified procedure is unusually high or low for that procedure. This study aimed to propose Diagnostic Reference Levels for Computed Tomography examination of the most common routine examination of the head, chest and abdominal pelvis regions at the University of Ghana Medical Centre. Methods: The Diagnostic Reference Levels were determined based on the investigation of the most common routine examinations, including head Computed Tomography examination with and without contrast, abdominopelvic Computed Tomography examination with and without contrast, and chest Computed Tomography examination without contrast. The study was based on two dose indicators: the volumetric Computed Tomography Dose Index and Dose-Length Product. Results: The estimated median distribution for head Computed Tomography with contrast for volumetric-Computed Tomography dose index and Dose-Length Product were 38.33 mGy and 829.35 mGy.cm, while without contrast, were 38.90 mGy and 860.90 mGy.cm respectively. For an abdominopelvic Computed Tomography examination with contrast, the estimated volumetric-Computed Tomography dose index and Dose-Length Product values were 40.19 mGy and 2096.60 mGy.cm. In the absence of contrast, the calculated values were 14.65 mGy and 800.40 mGy.cm, respectively. Additionally, for chest Computed Tomography examination, the estimated values were 12.75 mGy and 423.95 mGy.cm for volumetric-Computed Tomography dose index and Dose-Length Product, respectively. These median values represent the proposed diagnostic reference values of the head, chest, and abdominal pelvis regions. Conclusions: The proposed Diagnostic Reference Level is comparable to the recommended International Atomic Energy Agency and International Commission Radiation Protection Publication 135 and other regional published data by the European Commission and Regional National Diagnostic Reference Level in Africa. These reference levels will serve as benchmarks to guide clinicians in optimizing radiation dose levels while ensuring accurate diagnostic image quality at the facility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostic%20reference%20levels" title="diagnostic reference levels">diagnostic reference levels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography%20dose%20index" title=" computed tomography dose index"> computed tomography dose index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title=" computed tomography"> computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20exposure" title=" radiation exposure"> radiation exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dose-length%20product" title=" dose-length product"> dose-length product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title=" radiation protection"> radiation protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188321/establishment-of-diagnostic-reference-levels-for-computed-tomography-examination-at-the-university-of-ghana-medical-centre" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188321.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">50</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">914</span> Triple Case Phantom Tumor of Lungs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelis%20P.%20Barlampas">Angelis P. Barlampas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The term phantom lung mass describes the ovoid collection of fluid within the interlobular fissure, which initially creates the impression of a mass. The problem of correct differential diagnosis is great, especially in plain radiography. A case is presented with three nodular pulmonary foci, the shape, location, and density of which, as well as the presence of chronic loculated pleural effusions, suggest the presence of multiple phantom tumors of the lung. Purpose: The aim of this paper is to draw the attention of non-experienced and non-specialized physicians to the existence of benign findings that mimic pathological conditions and vice versa. The careful study of a radiological examination and the comparison with previous exams or further control protect against quick wrong conclusions. Methods: A hospitalized patient underwent a non-contrast CT scan of the chest as part of the general control of her situation. Results: Computed tomography revealed pleural effusions, some of them loculated, increased cardiothoracic index, as well as the presence of three nodular foci, one in the left lung and two in the right with a maximum density of up to 18 Hounsfield units and a mean diameter of approximately five centimeters. Two of them are located in the characteristical anatomical position of the major interlobular fissure. The third one is located in the area of the right lower lobe’s posterior basal part, and it presents the same characteristics as the previous ones and is likely to be a loculated fluid collection, within an auxiliary interlobular fissure or a cyst, in the context of the patient's more general pleural entrapments and loculations. The differential diagnosis of nodular foci based on their imaging characteristics includes the following: a) rare metastatic foci with low density (liposarcoma, mucous tumors of the digestive or genital system, necrotic metastatic foci, metastatic renal cancer, etc.), b) necrotic multiple primary lung tumor locations (squamous epithelial cancer, etc. ), c) hamartomas of the lung, d) fibrotic tumors of the interlobular fissures, e) lipoid pneumonia, f) fluid concentrations within the interlobular fissures, g) lipoma of the lung, h) myelolipomas of the lung. Conclusions: The collection of fluid within the interlobular fissure of the lung can give the false impression of a lung mass, particularly on plain chest radiography. In the case of computed tomography, the ability to measure the density of a lesion, combined with the provided high anatomical details of the location and characteristics of the lesion, can lead relatively easily to the correct diagnosis. In cases of doubt or image artifacts, comparison with previous or subsequent examinations can resolve any disagreements, while in rare cases, intravenous contrast may be necessary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phantom%20mass" title="phantom mass">phantom mass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chest%20CT" title=" chest CT"> chest CT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pleural%20effusion" title=" pleural effusion"> pleural effusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169983/triple-case-phantom-tumor-of-lungs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">913</span> 3D Scanning Documentation and X-Ray Radiography Examination for Ancient Egyptian Canopic Jar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelrahman%20Mohamed%20Abdelrahman">Abdelrahman Mohamed Abdelrahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Canopic jars are one of the vessels of funerary nature used by the ancient Egyptian in mummification process that were used to save the viscera of the mummified body after being extracted from the body and treated. Canopic jars are made of several types of materials like Limestone, Alabaster, and Pottery. The studied canopic jar dates back to Late period, located in the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM), Giza, Egypt. This jar carved from limestone with carved hieroglyphic inscriptions, and it filled and closed by mortar from inside. Some aspects of damage appeared in the jar, such as dust, dirts, classification, wide crack, weakness of limestone. In this study, we used documentation and investigation modern techniques to document and examine the jar. 3D scanning and X-ray Radiography imaging used in applied study. X-ray imaging showed that the mortar was placed at a time when the jar contained probably viscera where the mortar appeared that not reach up to the base of the inner jar. Through the three-dimensional photography, the jar was documented, and we have 3D model of the jar, and now we have the ability through the computer to see any part of the jar in all its details. After that, conservation procedures have been applied with high accuracy to conserve the jar, including mechanical, wet, and chemical cleaning, filling wide crack in the body of the jar using mortar consisting of calcium carbonate powder mixing with primal E330 S, and consolidation, so the limestone became strong after using paraloid B72 2% concentrate as a consolidate material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vessel" title="vessel">vessel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limestone" title=" limestone"> limestone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canopic%20jar" title=" canopic jar"> canopic jar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortar" title=" mortar"> mortar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20scanning" title=" 3D scanning"> 3D scanning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20radiography" title=" X-ray radiography"> X-ray radiography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164624/3d-scanning-documentation-and-x-ray-radiography-examination-for-ancient-egyptian-canopic-jar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">912</span> Association of Musculoskeletal and Radiological Features with Clinical and Serological Findings in Systemic Sclerosis: A Single-Centre Registry Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rezvan%20Hosseinian">Rezvan Hosseinian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic connective tissue disease with the clinical hallmark of skin thickening and tethering. The correlation of musculoskeletal features with other parameters should be considered in SSc patients. Methods: We reviewed the records of all patients who had more than one visit and standard anteroposterior radiography of hand. We used univariate analysis, and factors with p<0.05 were included in logistic regression to find out dependent factors. Results: Overall, 180 SSc patients were enrolled in our study, 161 (89.4%) of whom were women. The median age (IQR) was 47.0 years (16), and 52% had a diffuse subtype of the disease. In multivariate analysis, tendon friction rubs (TFRs) were associated with the presence of calcinosis, muscle tenderness, and flexion contracture (FC) on physical examination (p<0.05). Arthritis showed no differences in the two subtypes of the disease (p=0.98), and in multivariate analysis, there were no correlations between radiographic arthritis and serological and clinical features. The radiographic results indicated that disease duration correlated with joint erosion, acro-osteolysis, resorption of the distal ulna, calcinosis and radiologic FC (p< 0.05). Acro-osteolysis was more frequent in the dcSSc subtype, TFRs, and anti-TOPO I antibody. Radiologic FC showed an association with skin score, calcinosis and haematocrit <30% (p<0.05). Joint flexion on radiography was associated with disease duration, modified Rodnan skin score, calcinosis, and low hematocrit (P<0.01). Conclusion: Disease duration was a main dependent factor for developing joint erosion, acro-osteolysis, bone resorption, calcinosis, and flexion contracture on hand radiography. Acro-osteolysis presented in the severe form of the disease. Acro-osteolysis was the only dependent variable associated with bone demineralization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20subsets" title="disease subsets">disease subsets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hand%20radiography" title=" hand radiography"> hand radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20erosion" title=" joint erosion"> joint erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sclerosis" title=" sclerosis"> sclerosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166920/association-of-musculoskeletal-and-radiological-features-with-clinical-and-serological-findings-in-systemic-sclerosis-a-single-centre-registry-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">911</span> 3D Printed Multi-Modal Phantom Using Computed Tomography and 3D X-Ray Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Suk%20Oh">Sung-Suk Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bong-Keun%20Kang"> Bong-Keun Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang-Wook%20Park"> Sang-Wook Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui-Jin%20Joo"> Hui-Jin Joo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Ryul%20Choi"> Jong-Ryul Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seong-Jun%20Lee"> Seong-Jun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong-Woo%20Sohn"> Jeong-Woo Sohn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The imaging phantom is utilized for the verification, evaluation and tuning of the medical imaging device and system. Although it could be costly, 3D printing is an ideal technique for a rapid, customized, multi-modal phantom making. In this article, we propose the multi-modal phantom using 3D printing. First of all, the Dicom images for were measured by CT (Computed Tomography) and 3D X-ray systems (PET/CT and Angio X-ray system of Siemens) and then were analyzed. Finally, the 3D modeling was processed using Dicom images. The 3D printed phantom was scanned by PET/CT and MRI systems and then evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaging%20phantom" title="imaging phantom">imaging phantom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRI%20%28Magnetic%20Resonance%20Imaging%29" title=" MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)"> MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET%20%2F%20CT%20%28Positron%20Emission%20Tomography%20%2F%20Computed%20Tomography%29" title=" PET / CT (Positron Emission Tomography / Computed Tomography)"> PET / CT (Positron Emission Tomography / Computed Tomography)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title=" 3D printing "> 3D printing </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62972/3d-printed-multi-modal-phantom-using-computed-tomography-and-3d-x-ray-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">580</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">910</span> Investigation of Water Transport Dynamics in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells Based on a Gas Diffusion Media Layers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20S.%20Alrwashdeh">Saad S. Alrwashdeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henning%20Mark%C3%B6tter"> Henning Markötter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Handri%20Ammari"> Handri Ammari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Hau%C3%9Fmann"> Jan Haußmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Arlt"> Tobias Arlt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joachim%20Scholta"> Joachim Scholta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ingo%20Manke"> Ingo Manke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this investigation, synchrotron X-ray imaging is used to study water transport inside polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Two measurement techniques are used, namely in-situ radiography and quasi-in-situ tomography combining together in order to reveal the relationship between the structures of the microporous layers (MPLs) and the gas diffusion layers (GDLs), the operation temperature and the water flow. The developed cell is equipped with a thick GDL and a high back pressure MPL. It is found that these modifications strongly influence the overall water transport in the whole adjacent GDM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20electrolyte%20membrane%20fuel%20cell" title="polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell">polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microporous%20layer" title=" microporous layer"> microporous layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20transport" title=" water transport"> water transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiography" title=" radiography"> radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomography" title=" tomography"> tomography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119296/investigation-of-water-transport-dynamics-in-polymer-electrolyte-membrane-fuel-cells-based-on-a-gas-diffusion-media-layers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119296.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">909</span> 'Evaluating Radiation Protections Aspects For Pediatric Chest Radiography: imaging Standards and Radiation Dose Measurements in Various Hospitals In Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kholood%20Baron">Kholood Baron</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chest radiography (CXR) is one of the most important diagnostic examinations in pediatric radiography for diagnosing various diseases. Since, chest X-ray use ionizing radiation to obtain image radiographers should follow strict radiation protection strategies and ALARA principle to ensure that pediatrics receive the lowest dose possible [1] [2]. The aim is to evaluate different criteria related to pediatric CXR examinations performed in the radiology department in five hospitals in Kuwait. Methods: Data collected from a questionnaire and Entrance Skin Dose (ESD) measurements during CXR. 100 responses were collected and analyzed to highlight issues related to immobilization devices, radiation protection issues and repeat rate. While ThermoLumenince Dosimeters (TLDs) measured ESD during 25 CXR for pediatric patients. In addition, other aspects on the radiographer skills and information written in patient requests were collected and recorded. Results: Questionnaires responses showed that most radiographers do follow most radiation protection guidelines, but need to focus on improving their skills in collimation to ROI, dealing with immobilization tools and exposure factors. Since the first issue was least applied to young pediatrics, and the latter two were the common reasons for repeating an image. The ESD measurements revealed that the averaged dose involved in pediatric CXR is 143.9 µGy, which is relatively high but still within the limits of the recommended values [2-3] . The data suggests that this relatively high ESD values can be the result of using higher mAs and thus it I recommended to lower it according to ALARA principle. In conclusion, radiographers have the knowledge and the tools to reduce the radiation dose to pediatric patients but few lack the skills to optimize the collimation, immobilization application and exposure factors. The ESD were within recommended values. This research recommends that more efforts in the future should focus on improving the radiographer commitment to radiation protection and their skills in dealing with pediatric patient. This involves lowering the mAs used during DR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pediatric%20radiography" title="pediatric radiography">pediatric radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dosimetry" title=" dosimetry"> dosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESD%20measurements" title=" ESD measurements"> ESD measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title=" radiation protection"> radiation protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191777/evaluating-radiation-protections-aspects-for-pediatric-chest-radiography-imaging-standards-and-radiation-dose-measurements-in-various-hospitals-in-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191777.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">908</span> Fusion Neutron Generator Dosimetry and Applications for Medical, Security, and Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaouther%20Bergaui">Kaouther Bergaui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nafaa%20Reguigui"> Nafaa Reguigui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Gary"> Charles Gary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Characterization and the applications of deuterium-deuterium (DD) neutron generator developed by Adelphie technology and acquired by the National Centre of Nuclear Science and Technology (NCNST) were presented in this work. We study the performance of the neutron generator in terms of neutron yield, production efficiency, and the ionic current as a function of the acceleration voltage at various RF powers. We provide the design and optimization of the PGNAA chamber and thus give insight into the capabilities of the planned PGNAA facility. Additional non-destructive techniques were studied employing the DD neutron generator, such as PGNAA and neutron radiography: The PGNAA is used for determining the concentration of 10B in Si and SiO2 matrices by using a germanium detector HPGe and the results obtained are compared with PGNAA system using a Sodium Iodide detector (NaI (Tl)); Neutron radiography facility was tested and simulated, using a camera device CCD and simulated by the Monte Carlo code; and the explosive detection system (EDS) also simulated using the Monte Carlo code. The study allows us to show that the new models of DD neutron generators are feasible and that superior-quality neutron beams could be produced and used for various applications. The feasibility of Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for cancer treatment using a neutron generator was assessed by optimizing Beam Shaping Assembly (BSA) on a phantom using Monte-Carlo (MCNP6) simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20generator%20deuterium-deuterium" title="neutron generator deuterium-deuterium">neutron generator deuterium-deuterium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20method" title=" Monte Carlo method"> Monte Carlo method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation" title=" radiation"> radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20flux" title=" neutron flux"> neutron flux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20activation%20analysis" title=" neutron activation analysis"> neutron activation analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=born" title=" born"> born</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutron%20radiography" title=" neutron radiography"> neutron radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explosive%20detection" title=" explosive detection"> explosive detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BNCT" title=" BNCT"> BNCT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160335/fusion-neutron-generator-dosimetry-and-applications-for-medical-security-and-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">907</span> Dogs Chest Homogeneous Phantom for Image Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maris%20Eug%C3%AAnia%20Dela%20Rosa">Maris Eugênia Dela Rosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Luiza%20Menegatti%20Pavan"> Ana Luiza Menegatti Pavan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcela%20De%20Oliveira"> Marcela De Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20Rodrigues%20De%20Pina"> Diana Rodrigues De Pina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20Carlos%20Vulcano"> Luis Carlos Vulcano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In medical veterinary as well as in human medicine, radiological study is essential for a safe diagnosis in clinical practice. Thus, the quality of radiographic image is crucial. In last year’s there has been an increasing substitution of image acquisition screen-film systems for computed radiology equipment (CR) without technical charts adequacy. Furthermore, to carry out a radiographic examination in veterinary patient is required human assistance for restraint this, which can compromise image quality by generating dose increasing to the animal, for Occupationally Exposed and also the increased cost to the institution. The image optimization procedure and construction of radiographic techniques are performed with the use of homogeneous phantoms. In this study, we sought to develop a homogeneous phantom of canine chest to be applied to the optimization of these images for the CR system. In carrying out the simulator was created a database with retrospectives chest images of computed tomography (CT) of the Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - UNESP (FMVZ / Botucatu). Images were divided into four groups according to the animal weight employing classification by sizes proposed by Hoskins & Goldston. The thickness of biological tissues were quantified in a 80 animals, separated in groups of 20 animals according to their weights: (S) Small - equal to or less than 9.0 kg, (M) Medium - between 9.0 and 23.0 kg, (L) Large – between 23.1 and 40.0kg and (G) Giant – over 40.1 kg. Mean weight for group (S) was 6.5±2.0 kg, (M) 15.0±5.0 kg, (L) 32.0±5.5 kg and (G) 50.0 ±12.0 kg. An algorithm was developed in Matlab in order to classify and quantify biological tissues present in CT images and convert them in simulator materials. To classify tissues presents, the membership functions were created from the retrospective CT scans according to the type of tissue (adipose, muscle, bone trabecular or cortical and lung tissue). After conversion of the biologic tissue thickness in equivalent material thicknesses (acrylic simulating soft tissues, bone tissues simulated by aluminum and air to the lung) were obtained four different homogeneous phantoms, with (S) 5 cm of acrylic, 0,14 cm of aluminum and 1,8 cm of air; (M) 8,7 cm of acrylic, 0,2 cm of aluminum and 2,4 cm of air; (L) 10,6 cm of acrylic, 0,27 cm of aluminum and 3,1 cm of air and (G) 14,8 cm of acrylic, 0,33 cm of aluminum and 3,8 cm of air. The developed canine homogeneous phantom is a practical tool, which will be employed in future, works to optimize veterinary X-ray procedures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title="radiation protection">radiation protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phantom" title=" phantom"> phantom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20radiology" title=" veterinary radiology"> veterinary radiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20radiography" title=" computed radiography"> computed radiography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39738/dogs-chest-homogeneous-phantom-for-image-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39738.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">906</span> Combined Synchrotron Radiography and Diffraction for in Situ Study of Reactive Infiltration of Aluminum into Iron Porous Preform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Djaziri">S. Djaziri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Sket"> F. Sket</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hynowska"> A. Hynowska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Milenkovic"> S. Milenkovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of Fe-Al based intermetallics as an alternative to Cr/Ni based stainless steels is very promising for industrial applications that use critical raw materials parts under extreme conditions. However, the development of advanced Fe-Al based intermetallics with appropriate mechanical properties presents several challenges that involve appropriate processing and microstructure control. A processing strategy is being developed which aims at producing a net-shape porous Fe-based preform that is infiltrated with molten Al or Al-alloy. In the present work, porous Fe-based preforms produced by two different methods (selective laser melting (SLM) and Kochanek-process (KE)) are studied during infiltration with molten aluminum. In the objective to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the formation of Fe-Al intermetallic phases during infiltration, an in-house furnace has been designed for in situ observation of infiltration at synchrotron facilities combining x-ray radiography (XR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The feasibility of this approach has been demonstrated, and information about the melt flow front propagation has been obtained. In addition, reactive infiltration has been achieved where a bi-phased intermetallic layer has been identified to be formed between the solid Fe and liquid Al. In particular, a tongue-like Fe₂Al₅ phase adhering to the Fe and a needle-like Fe₄Al₁₃ phase adhering to the Al were observed. The growth of the intermetallic compound was found to be dependent on the temperature gradient present along the preform as well as on the reaction time which will be discussed in view of the different obtained results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combined%20synchrotron%20radiography%20and%20diffraction" title="combined synchrotron radiography and diffraction">combined synchrotron radiography and diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fe-Al%20intermetallic%20compounds" title=" Fe-Al intermetallic compounds"> Fe-Al intermetallic compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-situ%20molten%20Al%20infiltration" title=" in-situ molten Al infiltration"> in-situ molten Al infiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20solid%20Fe%20preforms" title=" porous solid Fe preforms"> porous solid Fe preforms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94238/combined-synchrotron-radiography-and-diffraction-for-in-situ-study-of-reactive-infiltration-of-aluminum-into-iron-porous-preform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94238.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">905</span> Seismic Reliability of Two-DegreE-of-Freedom Systems with Supplemental Damping</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.D.%20Garc%C3%ADa-Soto">A.D. García-Soto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20Jaimes"> Miguel Jaimes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.G.%20Vald%C3%A9s-V%C3%A1zquez"> J.G. Valdés-Vázquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hern%C3%A1ndez-Mart%C3%ADnez"> A. Hernández-Martínez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The seismic reliability of two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) systems with and without supplemental damping are computed. The used records are scaled from realistic records using standard incremental dynamic Analysis (IDA). The total normalized shear base is computed for both cases using different scaling factors, and it is considered as the demand. The seismic reliability is computed using codified design to stipulate the capacity and, after some assumptions, applying the first-order reliability method (FORM). The 2DOF considered can be thought as structures with non-linear behavior, with and without seismic protection, subjected to earthquake activity in Mexico City. It is found that the reliability of 2DOF structures retrofitted with supplemental damper at its first story is generally higher than the reliability of 2DOF structures without supplemental damping. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2DOF%20structures" title="2DOF structures">2DOF structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IDA" title=" IDA"> IDA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FORM" title=" FORM"> FORM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20reliability" title=" seismic reliability"> seismic reliability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126842/seismic-reliability-of-two-degree-of-freedom-systems-with-supplemental-damping" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">904</span> Image Processing Approach for Detection of Three-Dimensional Tree-Rings from X-Ray Computed Tomography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Martinez-Garcia">Jorge Martinez-Garcia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ingrid%20Stelzner"> Ingrid Stelzner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joerg%20Stelzner"> Joerg Stelzner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Damian%20Gwerder"> Damian Gwerder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philipp%20Schuetz"> Philipp Schuetz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tree-ring analysis is an important part of the quality assessment and the dating of (archaeological) wood samples. It provides quantitative data about the whole anatomical ring structure, which can be used, for example, to measure the impact of the fluctuating environment on the tree growth, for the dendrochronological analysis of archaeological wooden artefacts and to estimate the wood mechanical properties. Despite advances in computer vision and edge recognition algorithms, detection and counting of annual rings are still limited to 2D datasets and performed in most cases manually, which is a time consuming, tedious task and depends strongly on the operator’s experience. This work presents an image processing approach to detect the whole 3D tree-ring structure directly from X-ray computed tomography imaging data. The approach relies on a modified Canny edge detection algorithm, which captures fully connected tree-ring edges throughout the measured image stack and is validated on X-ray computed tomography data taken from six wood species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ring%20recognition" title="ring recognition">ring recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edge%20detection" title=" edge detection"> edge detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20computed%20tomography" title=" X-ray computed tomography"> X-ray computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dendrochronology" title=" dendrochronology"> dendrochronology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130684/image-processing-approach-for-detection-of-three-dimensional-tree-rings-from-x-ray-computed-tomography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">903</span> Assessment of Breeding Soundness by Comparative Radiography and Ultrasonography of Rabbit Testes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adenike%20O.%20Olatunji-Akioye">Adenike O. Olatunji-Akioye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanual%20B%20Farayola"> Emmanual B Farayola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to improve the animal protein recommended daily intake of Nigerians, there is an upsurge in breeding of hitherto shunned food animals one of which is the rabbit. Radiography and ultrasonography are tools for diagnosing disease and evaluating the anatomical architecture of parts of the body non-invasively. As the rabbit is becoming a more important food animal, to achieve improved breeding of these animals, the best of the species form a breeding stock and will usually depend on breeding soundness which may be evaluated by assessment of the male reproductive organs by these tools. Four male intact rabbits weighing between 1.2 to 1.5 kg were acquired and acclimatized for 2 weeks. Dorsoventral views of the testes were acquired using a digital radiographic machine and a 5 MHz portable ultrasound scanner was used to acquire images of the testes in longitudinal, sagittal and transverse planes. Radiographic images acquired revealed soft tissue images of the testes in all rabbits. The testes lie in individual scrotal sacs sides on both sides of the midline at the level of the caudal vertebrae and thus are superimposed by caudal vertebrae and the caudal limits of the pelvic girdle. The ultrasonographic images revealed mostly homogenously hypoechogenic testes and a hyperechogenic mediastinum testis. The dorsal and ventral poles of the testes were heterogeneously hypoechogenic and correspond to the epididymis and spermatic cord. The rabbit is unique in the ability to retract the testes particularly when stressed and so careful and stressless handling during the procedures is of paramount importance. The imaging of rabbit testes can be safely done using both imaging methods but ultrasonography is a better method of assessment and evaluation of soundness for breeding. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breeding%20soundness" title="breeding soundness">breeding soundness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rabbit" title=" rabbit"> rabbit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiography" title=" radiography"> radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonography" title=" ultrasonography"> ultrasonography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105470/assessment-of-breeding-soundness-by-comparative-radiography-and-ultrasonography-of-rabbit-testes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105470.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">902</span> Association of Musculoskeletal and Radiological Features with Clinical and Serological Findings in Systemic Sclerosis: A Single-Centre Registry Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasrin%20Azarbani">Nasrin Azarbani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic connective tissue disease with the clinical hallmark of skin thickening and tethering. Correlation of musculoskeletal features with other parameters should be considered in SSc patients. Methods: We reviewed the records of all patients who had more than one visit and standard anteroposterior radiography of hand. We used univariate analysis, and factors with p<0.05 were included in logistic regression to find out dependent factors. Results: Overall, 180 SSc patients were enrolled in our study, 161 (89.4%) of whom were women. Median age (IQR) was 47.0 years (16), and 52% had diffuse subtype of the disease. In multivariate analysis, tendon friction rubs (TFRs) was associated with the presence of calcinosis, muscle tenderness, and flexion contracture (FC) on physical examination (p<0.05). Arthritis showed no differences in the two subtypes of the disease (p=0.98), and in multivariate analysis, there were no correlations between radiographic arthritis and serological and clinical features. The radiographic results indicated that disease duration correlated with joint erosion, acro-osteolysis, resorption of distal ulna, calcinosis and radiologic FC (p< 0.05). Acro-osteolysis was more frequent in the dcSSc subtype, TFRs, and anti-TOPO I antibody. Radiologic FC showed an association with skin score, calcinosis and haematocrit <30% (p<0.05). Joint flexion on radiography was associated with disease duration, modified Rodnan skin score, calcinosis, and low haematocrit (P<0.01). Conclusion: Disease duration was a main dependent factor for developing joint erosion, acro-osteolysis, bone resorption, calcinosis, and flexion contracture on hand radiography. Acro-osteolysis presented in the severe form of the disease. Acro-osteolysis was the only dependent variable associated with bone demineralization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sclerosis" title="sclerosis">sclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20subsets" title=" disease subsets"> disease subsets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20erosion" title=" joint erosion"> joint erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musculoskeletal" title=" musculoskeletal"> musculoskeletal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166845/association-of-musculoskeletal-and-radiological-features-with-clinical-and-serological-findings-in-systemic-sclerosis-a-single-centre-registry-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">901</span> Computed Tomography Brain and Inpatient Falls: An Audit Evaluating the Indications and Outcomes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zain%20Khan">Zain Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steve%20Ahn"> Steve Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kathy%20Monypenny"> Kathy Monypenny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Fink"> James Fink</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Australian public hospitals, there were approximately 34,000 reported inpatient falls between 2015 to 2016. The gold standard for diagnosing intracranial injury is non-contrast enhanced brain computed tomography (CTB). Over a three-month timeframe, a total of one hundred and eighty (180) falls were documented between the hours of 4pm and 8am at a large metro hospital. Only three (3) of these scans demonstrated a positive intra-cranial finding. The rationale for scanning varied. The common indications included a fall with head strike, the presence of blood thinning medication, loss of consciousness, reduced Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), vomiting and new neurological findings. There are several validated tools to aid in decision-making around ordering CTB scans in the acute setting, but no such accepted tool exists for the inpatient space. With further data collection, spanning a greater length of time and through involving multiple centres, work can be done towards generating such a tool that can be utilized for inpatient falls. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title="computed tomography">computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=falls" title=" falls"> falls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inpatient" title=" inpatient"> inpatient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intracranial%20hemorrhage" title=" intracranial hemorrhage"> intracranial hemorrhage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178242/computed-tomography-brain-and-inpatient-falls-an-audit-evaluating-the-indications-and-outcomes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178242.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">900</span> Pressure Induced Phase Transition of Semiconducting Alloy TlxGa1-xAs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madhu%20Sarwan">Madhu Sarwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ritu%20Dubey"> Ritu Dubey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadhna%20Singh"> Sadhna Singh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have investigated the structural phase transition from Zinc-Blende (ZB) to Rock-Salt (RS) structure of TlxGa1-xAs by using Interaction Potential Model (IPM). The IPM consists of Coulomb interaction, Three-Body Interaction (TBI), Van Der Wall (vdW) interaction and overlap repulsive short range interaction. The structural phase transition has been computed by using the vegard’s law. The volume collapse is also computed for this alloy. We have also investigated the second order elastic constants with composition for the alloy TlxGa1-xAs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=III-V%20alloy" title="III-V alloy">III-V alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20moduli" title=" elastic moduli"> elastic moduli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transition" title=" phase transition"> phase transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductors" title=" semiconductors"> semiconductors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30417/pressure-induced-phase-transition-of-semiconducting-alloy-tlxga1-xas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30417.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">543</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">899</span> A Pilot Study of Influences of Scan Speed on Image Quality for Digital Tomosynthesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-Ting%20Huang">Li-Ting Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Hsiang%20Shen"> Yu-Hsiang Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cing-Ciao%20Ke"> Cing-Ciao Ke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Pin%20Tseng"> Sheng-Pin Tseng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fan-Pin%20Tseng"> Fan-Pin Tseng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Ching%20Ni"> Yu-Ching Ni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Yu%20Lin"> Chia-Yu Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chest radiography is the most common technique for the diagnosis and follow-up of pulmonary diseases. However, the lesions superimposed with normal structures are difficult to be detected in chest radiography. Chest tomosynthesis is a relatively new technique to obtain 3D section images from a set of low-dose projections acquired over a limited angular range. However, there are some limitations with chest tomosynthesis. Patients undergoing tomosynthesis have to be able to hold their breath firmly for 10 seconds. A digital tomosynthesis system with advanced reconstruction algorithm and high-stability motion mechanism was developed by our research group. The potential for the system to perform a bidirectional chest scan within 10 seconds is expected. The purpose of this study is to realize the influences of the scan speed on the image quality for our digital tomosynthesis system. The major factors that lead image blurring are the motion of the X-ray source and the patient. For the fore one, an experiment of imaging a chest phantom with three different scan speeds, which are 6 cm/s, 8 cm/s, and 15 cm/s, was proceeded to understand the scan speed influences on the image quality. For the rear factor, a normal SD (Sprague-Dawley) rat was imaged with it alive and sacrificed to assess the impact on the image quality due to breath motion. In both experiments, the profile of the ROIs (region of interest) and the CNRs (contrast-to-noise ratio) of the ROIs to the normal tissue of the reconstructed images was examined to realize the degradations of the qualities of the images. The preliminary results show that no obvious degradation of the image quality was observed with increasing scan speed, possibly due to the advanced designs for the hardware and software of the system. It implies that higher speed (15 cm/s) than that of the commercialized tomosynthesis system (12 cm/s) for the proposed system is achieved, and therefore a complete chest scan within 10 seconds is expected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chest%20radiography" title="chest radiography">chest radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20tomosynthesis" title=" digital tomosynthesis"> digital tomosynthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20quality" title=" image quality"> image quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scan%20speed" title=" scan speed"> scan speed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50916/a-pilot-study-of-influences-of-scan-speed-on-image-quality-for-digital-tomosynthesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50916.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20radiography&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20radiography&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20radiography&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20radiography&page=5">5</a></li> <li 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