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href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Estret+de+Florida" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Estret+de+Florida" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right 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class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geografia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Geografia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sòl,_coralls_i_corrents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sòl,_coralls_i_corrents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Sòl, coralls i corrents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sòl,_coralls_i_corrents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Petroli_i_gas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Petroli_i_gas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Petroli i gas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Petroli_i_gas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Commuta la subsecció Petroli i gas</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Petroli_i_gas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cuba_mar_endins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuba_mar_endins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Cuba mar endins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuba_mar_endins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mar_endins_de_les_Bahames" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mar_endins_de_les_Bahames"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Mar endins de les Bahames</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mar_endins_de_les_Bahames-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Travessia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Travessia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Travessia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Travessia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia_addicional" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia_addicional"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografia addicional</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia_addicional-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Estret de Florida</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 63 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straat_van_Florida" title="Straat van Florida - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Straat van Florida" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7_(%D9%85%D8%B6%D9%8A%D9%82)" title="فلوريدا (مضيق) - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فلوريدا (مضيق)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B6%D9%8A%D9%82_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="مضيق فلوريدا - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مضيق فلوريدا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrechu_de_Florida" title="Estrechu de Florida - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estrechu de Florida" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_bo%C4%9Faz%C4%B1" title="Florida boğazı - azerbaidjanès" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Florida boğazı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D2%93%D0%B0%D2%99%D1%8B" title="Флорида боғаҙы - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Флорида боғаҙы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itiot_kan_Florida" title="Itiot kan Florida - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Itiot kan Florida" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%9E" title="Фларыдскі праліў - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фларыдскі праліў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Флорыдзкая пратока - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Флорыдзкая пратока" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Флоридски проток - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Флоридски проток" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80" title="ফ্লোরিডা প্রণালী - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফ্লোরিডা প্রণালী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strizh-mor_Florida" title="Strizh-mor Florida - bretó" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Strizh-mor Florida" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B5" title="Флоридан хидоькъе - txetxè" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Флоридан хидоькъе" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="txetxè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straits_of_Florida_(agianan)" title="Straits of Florida (agianan) - cebuà" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Straits of Florida (agianan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridsk%C3%BD_pr%C5%AFliv" title="Floridský průliv - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Floridský průliv" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridastra%C3%9Fe" title="Floridastraße - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Floridastraße" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straits_of_Florida" title="Straits of Florida - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Straits of Florida" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_Markolo" title="Florida Markolo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Florida Markolo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrecho_de_Florida" title="Estrecho de Florida - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estrecho de Florida" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_v%C3%A4in" title="Florida väin - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Florida väin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridako_itsasartea" title="Floridako itsasartea - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Floridako itsasartea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="تنگه فلوریدا - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تنگه فلوریدا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridansalmi" title="Floridansalmi - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Floridansalmi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9troit_de_Floride" title="Détroit de Floride - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Détroit de Floride" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strjitte_fan_Floarida" title="Strjitte fan Floarida - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Strjitte fan Floarida" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estreito_de_Florida" title="Estreito de Florida - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estreito de Florida" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%A8_%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%93%D7%94" title="מצר פלורידה - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מצר פלורידה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF" title="फ्लोरिडा जलसन्धि - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फ्लोरिडा जलसन्धि" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridski_prolaz" title="Floridski prolaz - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Floridski prolaz" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%81" title="Ֆլորիդայի նեղուց - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆլորիդայի նեղուց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%B3r%C3%ADdasund" title="Flórídasund - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Flórídasund" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stretti_della_Florida" title="Stretti della Florida - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stretti della Florida" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AD%E3%83%AA%E3%83%80%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="フロリダ海峡 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フロリダ海峡" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94" title="ფლორიდის სრუტე - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფლორიდის სრუტე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D2%B1%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Флорида бұғазы - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Флорида бұғазы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%A1%9C%EB%A6%AC%EB%8B%A4_%ED%95%B4%ED%98%91" title="플로리다 해협 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="플로리다 해협" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B" title="Флорида кысыгы - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Флорида кысыгы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fretum_Floridense" title="Fretum Floridense - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fretum Floridense" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridos_s%C4%85siauris" title="Floridos sąsiauris - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Floridos sąsiauris" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridas_%C5%A1aurums" title="Floridas šaurums - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Floridas šaurums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Флоридски Проток - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Флоридски Проток" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF" title="फ्लोरिडा जलसन्धि - nepalès" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="फ्लोरिडा जलसन्धि" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF" title="फ्लोरिडा जलसन्धि - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="फ्लोरिडा जलसन्धि" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straat_Florida" title="Straat Florida - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Straat Florida" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrech_de_Florida" title="Estrech de Florida - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Estrech de Florida" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cie%C5%9Bnina_Florydzka" title="Cieśnina Florydzka - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cieśnina Florydzka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estreito_da_Fl%C3%B3rida" title="Estreito da Flórida - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estreito da Flórida" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Флоридский пролив - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Флоридский пролив" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straits_of_Florida" title="Straits of Florida - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Straits of Florida" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridsk%C3%BD_prieliv" title="Floridský prieliv - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Floridský prieliv" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridski_preliv" title="Floridski preliv - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Floridski preliv" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%B7" title="Флоридски мореуз - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Флоридски мореуз" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridasundet" title="Floridasundet - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Floridasundet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mlangobahari_wa_Florida" title="Mlangobahari wa Florida - suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mlangobahari wa Florida" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88" title="புளோரிடா நீரிணை - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புளோரிடா நீரிணை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_Bo%C4%9Faz%C4%B1" title="Florida Boğazı - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Florida Boğazı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Флоридська протока - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Флоридська протока" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_bo%CA%BBg%CA%BBozi" title="Florida boʻgʻozi - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Florida boʻgʻozi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eo_bi%E1%BB%83n_Florida" title="Eo biển Florida - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Eo biển Florida" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sul%C3%A1ng_han_Florida" title="Suláng han Florida - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Suláng han Florida" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%BD%97%E9%87%8C%E8%BE%BE%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="佛罗里达海峡 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="佛罗里达海峡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%BD%97%E9%87%8C%E8%BE%BE%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="佛罗里达海峡 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="佛罗里达海峡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%BE%85%E9%87%8C%E9%81%94%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%BD" title="佛羅里達海峽 - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="佛羅里達海峽" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q232912#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapes, fotos aèries i altres informacions per a aquesta localització"><span class="latitude">23.934166666667°N</span>,<span class="longitude">80.925833333333°O</span></span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">23.934166666667; -80.925833333333</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33623789">.mw-parser-output .infobox_bodystyle{font-size:85%;text-align:left;width:24em}.mw-parser-output .infobox_titlestyle{background:#d9b38c}.mw-parser-output .infobox_abovestyle{background:#d9b38c}.mw-parser-output .infobox_headerclass_w_botton_top{background:#d9b38c;border-bottom:2px solid #ccccff;border-top:2px solid #ccccff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_headerstyle{background:#d9b38c}.mw-parser-output .infobox_subheaderstyle{background:#d9b38c}.mw-parser-output .infobox_subheaderstyle1{width:100%;background:#d9b38c;text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox_belowstyle{border-top:#aaa 1px solid;background:#FFA07A}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label{background:#eeeeee;padding-right:1.2em;text-align:start}</style><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em;infobox_bodystyle"><caption class="infobox_titlestyle" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="float:left; margin-left: 3px;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plantilla:Infotaula indret"><img alt="Plantilla:Infotaula indret" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg/20px-Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg/30px-Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg/40px-Simpleicons_Places_placeholder-tool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span>Estret de Florida</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33606766">.mw-parser-output .img_toogle ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;font-size:70%}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle li{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle li:after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle li:last-child:after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle_caption{font-size:100%;font-style:normal;text-align:center;padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px}</style><div class="img_toogle"> <div class="geobox"><table style="width:auto; margin:auto; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0; text-align:center;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Cuba.A2002334.1625.250m.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Imatge"><img alt="Imatge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Cuba.A2002334.1625.250m.jpg/300px-Cuba.A2002334.1625.250m.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Cuba.A2002334.1625.250m.jpg/450px-Cuba.A2002334.1625.250m.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Cuba.A2002334.1625.250m.jpg/600px-Cuba.A2002334.1625.250m.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Tipus</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Estret" title="Estret">estret</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232912?uselang=ca#P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><table align="center" style="width:auto; cellspacing:1; cellpadding:0%; border:0; margin:0; display:table;"><tbody><tr> <td align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container floatright" style="width: 300px; height: 300px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="300" data-zoom="4" data-lat="23.934166666667" data-lon="-80.925833333333" data-overlays="["_a87462482df53aed78681b77470fb8b64b27ca97"]" href="/wiki/Especial:Map/4/23.934166666667/-80.925833333333/ca"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,4,23.934166666667,-80.925833333333,300x300.png?lang=ca&domain=ca.wikipedia.org&title=Estret_de_Florida&revid=33983760&groups=_a87462482df53aed78681b77470fb8b64b27ca97" width="300" height="300" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,4,23.934166666667,-80.925833333333,300x300@2x.png?lang=ca&domain=ca.wikipedia.org&title=Estret_de_Florida&revid=33983760&groups=_a87462482df53aed78681b77470fb8b64b27ca97 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"><small> <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Estret_de_Florida&language=ca&params=23.934166666667_N_-80.925833333333_E_region:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapes, fotos aèries i altres informacions per a aquesta localització">23° 56′ 03″ N, 80° 55′ 33″ O</span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapes, fotos aèries i altres informacions per a aquesta localització"><span class="latitude">23.934166666667°N</span>,<span class="longitude">80.925833333333°O</span></span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">23.934166666667; -80.925833333333</span></span></span></a></span></small></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Afluents</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><div style="text-align:start;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2592558" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q2592558">riu Almendares</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232912?uselang=ca#P974" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header infobox_headerclass_w_botton_top" style="text-align:center">Característiques</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Travessa</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Estats_Units_d%27Am%C3%A8rica" title="Estats Units d'Amèrica">Estats Units d'Amèrica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> i <a href="/wiki/Bahames" title="Bahames">Bahames</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232912?uselang=ca#P17" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><div style="float: right;"> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><div style="float: left;"> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>L'<b>estret de Florida</b> o <b>estrets de Florida</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Castell%C3%A0" title="Castellà">castellà</a>: <i>estrecho de Florida</i>) és un <a href="/wiki/Estret" title="Estret">estret</a> situat al sud-sud-est d'<a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A8rica_del_Nord" title="Amèrica del Nord">Amèrica del Nord</a>. Es troba entre el <a href="/wiki/Golf_de_M%C3%A8xic" title="Golf de Mèxic">golf de Mèxic</a> i l'<a href="/wiki/Oce%C3%A0_Atl%C3%A0ntic" title="Oceà Atlàntic">oceà Atlàntic</a>, entre la <a href="/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_de_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Península de Florida">península de Florida</a> i els <a href="/wiki/Keys_de_Florida" title="Keys de Florida">Keys de Florida</a>, als <a href="/wiki/Estats_Units" class="mw-redirect" title="Estats Units">Estats Units</a>, i les illes de <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> i les <a href="/wiki/Bahames" title="Bahames">Bahames</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Té una amplada de 150 km en el seu punt més estret, entre <a href="/wiki/Key_West" title="Key West">Key West</a> i la costa cubana, i té una profunditat mitjana de 1.800 metres.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Per l'estret hi discorre el <a href="/wiki/Corrent_de_Florida" title="Corrent de Florida">corrent de Florida</a>, un corrent càlid procedent del <a href="/wiki/Golf_de_M%C3%A8xic" title="Golf de Mèxic">golf de Mèxic</a>, que després s'uneix amb el <a href="/wiki/Corrent_de_les_Antilles" title="Corrent de les Antilles">corrent de les Antilles</a> per formar el <a href="/wiki/Corrent_del_Golf" title="Corrent del Golf">Corrent del Golf</a>. </p><p>De 1947 al 1962 es van perforar cinc pous a les aigües estatals al sud dels <a href="/wiki/Keys_de_Florida" title="Keys de Florida">Keys de Florida</a>. La petroliera <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulf_Oil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulf Oil (encara no existeix)">Gulf Oil</a> va perforar tres pous a les aigües federals al sud dels Keys de Florida el 1960 i 1961. Tots els pous eren forats secs. Els drets sobre els jaciments de <a href="/wiki/Petroli" title="Petroli">petroli</a> i <a href="/wiki/Gas_natural" title="Gas natural">gas natural</a> situats a la <a href="/wiki/Zona_econ%C3%B2mica_exclusiva" title="Zona econòmica exclusiva">zona econòmica exclusiva</a> es van dividir entre els Estats Units i Cuba mitjançant un tractat firmat el 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:LocationFloridaStraits.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/LocationFloridaStraits.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="115" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="115" /></a><figcaption> L'estret de Florida</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:The_Florida_straits,_the_L-shaped_channel_between_southeastern_Florida_and_the_Bahamas,_and_the_Florida_Keys_and_Cuba.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/The_Florida_straits%2C_the_L-shaped_channel_between_southeastern_Florida_and_the_Bahamas%2C_and_the_Florida_Keys_and_Cuba.gif/250px-The_Florida_straits%2C_the_L-shaped_channel_between_southeastern_Florida_and_the_Bahamas%2C_and_the_Florida_Keys_and_Cuba.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/The_Florida_straits%2C_the_L-shaped_channel_between_southeastern_Florida_and_the_Bahamas%2C_and_the_Florida_Keys_and_Cuba.gif/375px-The_Florida_straits%2C_the_L-shaped_channel_between_southeastern_Florida_and_the_Bahamas%2C_and_the_Florida_Keys_and_Cuba.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/The_Florida_straits%2C_the_L-shaped_channel_between_southeastern_Florida_and_the_Bahamas%2C_and_the_Florida_Keys_and_Cuba.gif/500px-The_Florida_straits%2C_the_L-shaped_channel_between_southeastern_Florida_and_the_Bahamas%2C_and_the_Florida_Keys_and_Cuba.gif 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption> L'estret de Florida, el canal en forma de L entre el sud-est de <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> i les <a href="/wiki/Bahames" title="Bahames">Bahames</a>, i els <a href="/wiki/Keys_de_Florida" title="Keys de Florida">Keys de Florida</a> i <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>.</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografia">Geografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estret_de_Florida&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Geografia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'estret mesura 549 km de llarg amb una amplada mitjana de 162 km i una profunditat de més de <span style="white-space:nowrap">1.800 m</span> prop de <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, la profunditat de <span style="white-space:nowrap">1.829 m</span> es troba només uns pocs quilòmetres al nord de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mariel_(Cuba)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mariel (Cuba) (encara no existeix)">Mariel</a> a Cuba. A menys de 100 km a l'oest, aproximadament a la mateixa latitud però al nord de la Península de Guanahacabibes, trobem profunditats que arriben als <span style="white-space:nowrap">3.483 m</span> — profunditats insospitades fa només unes dècades: l'any 1959 encara parlàvem d'un màxim d'uns <span style="white-space:nowrap">1.800 m</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWennekens19595-6_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWennekens19595-6-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Separa els <a href="/wiki/Keys_de_Florida" title="Keys de Florida">keys</a> (des del <a href="/wiki/Parc_Nacional_de_les_Tortugues_Seques" title="Parc Nacional de les Tortugues Seques">Parc Nacional de les Tortugues Seques</a> fins a Virginia Key) i la costa oriental de <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> d'una banda, de <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> i les illes <a href="/wiki/Andros_(Bahames)" title="Andros (Bahames)">d'Andros</a> i Gran Bahama per l'altra.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recorre el costat oest dels <a href="/wiki/Gran_Banc_de_les_Bahames" title="Gran Banc de les Bahames">bancs de les Bahames</a> (vegeu el mapa i la foto de satèl·lit).<br />És el punt d'encreuament del <a href="/wiki/Corrent_de_Florida" title="Corrent de Florida">corrent de Florida</a>, un corrent càlid que ve del golf de Mèxic cap a l'oest, que després s'uneix al <a href="/wiki/Corrent_de_les_Antilles" title="Corrent de les Antilles">corrent de les Antilles</a> per formar el <a href="/wiki/Corrent_del_Golf" title="Corrent del Golf">Corrent del Golf</a>. </p><p>La badia de Matanzas a <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, situada a l'extrem occidental de l’arxipèlag de Sabana-Camagüey i a menys de 20 km a l'oest de Varadero a la península de Hicacos, s'obre directament a l'estret de Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Els dies 7 i 8 de setembre de 1628, aquesta badia va ser l'escenari d'una notable victòria naval holandesa sobre els espanyols. </p><p>Les temperatures de l'aigua superficial són més baixes (25 °C a 26 °C) de desembre a març, quan estan influenciades per l'entrada d'aigua més freda del golf de Mèxic, i més altes de juliol a setembre (29,0 °C a 29,4 °C); la temperatura mitjana anual de la capa superficial d'aigua és de 27,5 °C. <a href="/wiki/Salinitat" title="Salinitat">La salinitat</a> de l'aigua a les capes superficials està influenciada per la migració estacional <a href="/wiki/Zona_de_converg%C3%A8ncia_intertropical" title="Zona de convergència intertropical">de la zona de convergència intertropical</a> entre els 15° N. w. i 5° S. w. i canvis en els patrons d'evaporació i precipitació. A la zona de l'estret de Florida, la salinitat de la capa superficial és més alta al gener-juny (36,1-36,2 ‰) i baixa a 35,9 ‰ a l'agost-desembre. </p><p>La badia de Florida, segons dades de principis dels anys 2000, té la major diversitat d'espècies de peixos de l'oceà Atlàntic, així com la concentració més alta d'espècies endèmiques . </p><p><br /> Les aigües de l'estret banyen els ports de <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estats_Units_d%27Am%C3%A8rica" title="Estats Units d'Amèrica">EUA</a>) i l'Havana (Cuba) . La frontera entre les zones econòmiques dels Estats Units i Cuba transcorre pel mig de l'estret, tal com la defineix el tractat de 1977 entre els Estats Units i Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Històricament, l'estret de Florida ha servit com a pas important per als vaixells que es dirigeixen des del nord i l'est cap al golf de Mèxic i <a href="/wiki/Canal_de_Panam%C3%A0" title="Canal de Panamà">el canal de Panamà</a>. Això la converteix en una de les vies de navegació més transitades del món. A principis dels anys 2000, uns 8.000 vaixells de càrrega i diversos centenars de creuers anualment passaven per l'estret. Només la ciutat de <a href="/wiki/Key_West" title="Key West">Key West</a>, als Cayos de Florida, va ser utilitzada com a destinació per 22 línies de creuers l'any 2000, acollint prop de 800.000 passatgers aquell any. A causa del fet que més de la meitat del petroli i els productes derivats del petroli nord-americans passen per l'estret de Florida, <a href="/wiki/Marina_dels_Estats_Units_d%27Am%C3%A8rica" title="Marina dels Estats Units d'Amèrica">la Marina dels Estats Units</a> el classifica com un dels 12 passos marítims més estratègicament importants del món . </p><p>A principis del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xxi</span>, el govern cubà es va interessar per les perspectives de producció de petroli a la zona costanera de l'estret de Florida. L'any 2012 es va iniciar la perforació del primer pou d'assaig des de la plataforma semisubmergible <i>Scarabeo 9</i> . El <a href="/wiki/Servei_Geol%C3%B2gic_dels_Estats_Units" title="Servei Geològic dels Estats Units">Servei Geològic dels Estats Units</a> estima que les reserves de cru no descobertes a la conca del nord de Cuba podrien arribar als 4.600 milions de barrils, però la producció al transitat pas marítim està plena de dificultats i està plena de risc de vessaments de petroli amb greus conseqüències ambientals. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sòl,_coralls_i_corrents"><span id="S.C3.B2l.2C_coralls_i_corrents"></span>Sòl, coralls i corrents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estret_de_Florida&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Sòl, coralls i corrents"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gran part del seu sòl està cobert de coralls d'aigua freda formant relleus remarcables. Aquestes profunditats, especialment a les <a href="/wiki/Gran_Banc_de_les_Bahames" title="Gran Banc de les Bahames">ribes de les Bahames</a>, estan esquitxades de turons de corall viu, molt variats en les seves formes, mides i orientació general. Les característiques individuals de la seva morfologia i el seu desenvolupament s'han atribuït durant molt de temps essencialment al règim actual; però un estudi de 2011 mostra que hi ha poca o cap correlació entre aquests corrents i les característiques d'aquests turons de corall, però que les taxes de sedimentació relatives són el factor dominant. També hi juga un corrent just a sobre del fons marí, que flueix en direcció nord-sud però el sentit de circulació del qual s'inverteix aproximadament cada sis hores.; a més durant el període d'inversió presenta desviacions puntuals i intermitents. Aquest corrent profund, amb aquestes característiques complexes, seria un element dominant en la formació, morfologia i orientació dels turons coral·lins<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorrea’‘et_al.''_2011resum_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECorrea’‘et_al.''_2011resum-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Petroli_i_gas">Petroli i gas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estret_de_Florida&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Petroli i gas"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Es van perforar cinc pous a les aigües estatals al sud dels <a href="/wiki/Keys_de_Florida" title="Keys de Florida">Cayos de Florida</a> entre 1947 i 1962. Gulf Oil va perforar tres pous en aigües federals al sud dels Cayos de Florida el 1960 i el 1961. Tots els pous eren forats secs. </p><p>El límit entre les <a href="/wiki/Zona_econ%C3%B2mica_exclusiva" title="Zona econòmica exclusiva">zones econòmiques exclusives</a> dels EUA i Cuba es troba a mig camí entre Cuba i Florida, tal com determina l’<a href="/wiki/Frontera_entre_Cuba_i_els_Estats_Units" title="Frontera entre Cuba i els Estats Units">Acord de frontera marítima entre Cuba i els Estats Units</a> de 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuba_mar_endins">Cuba mar endins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estret_de_Florida&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Cuba mar endins"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cuba té tres jaciments de petroli en alta mar en producció a 5 km de la seva costa nord enfront de Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El <a href="/wiki/Servei_Geol%C3%B2gic_dels_Estats_Units" title="Servei Geològic dels Estats Units">Servei Geològic dels Estats Units</a> estima que la conca del nord de Cuba conté 5500 milions de barrils de petroli no descoberts i 9,8 bilions de peus cúbics de gas natural, gairebé tots a la part alta de la conca.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La qüestió de permetre l'exploració de petroli i gas a la costa de Florida es va convertir en un tema molt disputat a les eleccions nord-americanes del 2008. En una columna publicada el 5 de juny de 2008, el columnista sindical George Will va escriure que una companyia petroliera xinesa estava perforant en aigües <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">cubanes</a> a 97 km de la costa de Florida, una afirmació que van repetir els candidats a favor de la perforació en alta mar.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De fet, llavors no es feia cap perforació en aquella part de les aigües cubanes. </p><p>L'any 2004 la petroliera espanyola <a href="/wiki/Repsol" title="Repsol">Repsol</a> va perforar en profundes aigües cubanes entre Cuba i els Keys de Florida, i va trobar un jaciment de petroli; el dipòsit va ser considerat no comercial i el forat es va tapar.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'octubre de 2008, Cuba va signar un acord amb la companyia petroliera estatal <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">brasilera</a> <a href="/wiki/Petrobras" title="Petrobras">Petrobras</a>, que preveu que Petrobras estregui petroli i gas en aigües profundes de la costa nord de Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El juliol de 2009, Cuba va signar un acord amb el govern rus que atorgava a la companyia petroliera russa Zarubezhneft drets d'exploració de petroli a la costa nord de Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El maig de 2011, Petrobas s'havia retirat de l'acord de 2008 a causa de les males perspectives.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mar_endins_de_les_Bahames">Mar endins de les Bahames</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estret_de_Florida&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Mar endins de les Bahames"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El 2009, l'empresa registrada a les <a href="/wiki/Illes_Malvines" title="Illes Malvines">illes Malvines</a> Bharat Petroleum Company Ltd. i l'empresa <a href="/wiki/Noruega" title="Noruega">noruega</a> <a href="/wiki/Equinor" title="Equinor">Equinor</a> van anunciar una empresa conjunta per perforar petroli a les aigües de les <a href="/wiki/Bahames" title="Bahames">Bahames</a> al nord de Cuba i al sud-est de Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El govern de les Bahames va indicar que les sol·licituds de perforació en alta mar estan en suspens a l'espera de negociacions amb Cuba, els Estats Units i les <a href="/wiki/Illes_Turks_i_Caicos" title="Illes Turks i Caicos">Illes Turks i Caicos</a> sobre els límits exactes entre les seves respectives <a href="/wiki/Zona_econ%C3%B2mica_exclusiva" title="Zona econòmica exclusiva">zones econòmiques exclusives</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Travessia">Travessia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estret_de_Florida&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Travessia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La natació a través de l'estret va ser realitzada per l'australiana Susie Maroney (amb gàbia de taurons) el 1997 i la nord-americana Diana Nyad (sense la gàbia de taurons) el 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-dx_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dx-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aquesta última va trigar, als 64 anys, 52 hores i 54 minuts en recórrer els 171 km entre <a href="/wiki/L%27Havana" title="L'Havana">l'Havana</a> i <a href="/wiki/Key_West" title="Key West">Key West</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dx_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dx-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estret_de_Florida&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0027264.xml">estret de Florida | enciclopèdia.cat</a>». [Consulta: 23 març 2021].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sea-seek.com/?geo=5858">Strait of Florida</a>».  www.sea-seek.com.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1">3,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/TREATIES/USA-CUB1977MB.PDF">Maritime boundary - modus vivendi effected by exchange of letters between the United States of America and the Republic of Cuba</a>».  Nacions Unides, 27-04-1977.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWennekens19595-6-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWennekens19595-6_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWennekens1959">Wennekens, 1959</a>, p. 5-6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Straits-of-Florida">Straits of Florida | Gulf Stream, Caribbean, Atlantic | Britannica</a>» (en anglès). [Consulta: 23 febrer 2024].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.cat/maps/@23.1886226,-81.3651141,11.38z?entry=ttu">Détroit de Floride</a>». <i>google.cat/maps</i>. [Consulta: novembre 2023].</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150706050741/http://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/TREATIES/USA-CUB1977MB.PDF">Договор между США и Кубой</a>». <i>www.un.org</i>. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/TREATIES/USA-CUB1977MB.PDF">original</a> el 2015-07-06. [Consulta: 12 desembre 2018].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECorrea’‘et_al.''_2011resum-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECorrea’‘et_al.''_2011resum_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCorrea’‘et_al.''_2011resum">Correa’‘et al.<i> 2011, resum</i></a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Pinon Cervera</span>, Jorge R. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090612115539/http://lanic.utexas.edu/project/asce/pdfs/volume15/pdfs/pinon.pdf"><i>Cuba's energy challenge: a second look</i></a>».  University of Texas. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lanic.utexas.edu/project/asce/pdfs/volume15/pdfs/pinon.pdf">original</a> el 2009-06-12, PDF file. [Consulta: 3 març 2009].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Assessment of Undiscovered Oil and Gas Resources of the North Cuba Basin, Cuba, 2004</i>, (2005) US Geological Survey, Fact Sheet.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181215191010/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/06/04/AR2008060403052.html?nav=rss_opinion%2Fcolumns">George Will (5 juny 2008): <i>The gas price we deserve</i></a>». Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/06/04/AR2008060403052.html?nav=rss_opinion/columns">original</a> el 15 de desembre 2018. [Consulta: 16 gener 2023].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"> «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/energy-cuba-oil-idUSN1631398320080416">Cuban off-shore oil drilling put off until 2009</a>» (en anglès). <i>Reuters</i>, 16-04-2008.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130826060915/http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1853252,00.html">How Cuba's Oil Find Could Change the US Embargo - TIME</a>», 24-10-2008. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1853252,00.html">original</a> el 2013-08-26. [Consulta: 17 gener 2023].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Petrobras signs with Cuba", <i>World Oil</i>, desembre 2008, p.109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"> «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8175704.stm">Russia to drill for oil off Cuba</a>» (en anglès). <i>bbc</i>, 29-07-2009.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140322151801/http://en.mercopress.com/2011/03/10/petrobras-abandons-oil-exploration-in-cuba-all-eyes-set-on-repsol-ypf">Petrobas abandons oil exploration in Cuba</a>».  MercoPress. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.mercopress.com/2011/03/10/petrobras-abandons-oil-exploration-in-cuba-all-eyes-set-on-repsol-ypf">original</a> el 22 març 2014. [Consulta: 22 març 2014].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130201062533/http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS54466+18-May-2009+PRN20090518">archive.ph</a>». Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS54466+18-May-2009+PRN20090518">original</a> el 2013-02-01. [Consulta: 17 gener 2023].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090719093841/http://www.bpcltdgroup.com/index.cfm/Overview%20of%20Assets-95.html">1818vip威尼斯下载(首页)有限公司</a>». Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpcltdgroup.com/index.cfm/Overview%20of%20Assets-95.html">original</a> el 2009-07-19. [Consulta: 17 gener 2023].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFVernon2009"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Vernon</span>, Clement Jones. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090629232252/http://www.thenassauguardian.com/bixex/298640522186314.php">"Deveaux confirms Cuban oil negotiations"</a>».  <i>Nassau Guardian</i>, 07-07-2009. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenassauguardian.com/bixex/298640522186314.php">original</a> el 2009-06-29. [Consulta: 17 gener 2023].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dx-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dx_20-0">20,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dx_20-1">20,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFBoudreauCharmes2018"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Boudreau</span>, Julie-Anne; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Charmes</span>, Éric <i>Métropoles</i>, Hors-série 2018, 18-10-2018. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.4000%2Fmetropoles.5757">10.4000/metropoles.5757</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1957-7788">1957-7788</a>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia_addicional">Bibliografia addicional</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estret_de_Florida&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliografia addicional"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="refbegin" style="margin-left:1.5em;-moz-column-count:30em; -webkit-column-count:30em; column-count:30em;"> <ul><li>Anderson, D. L. T., and R. A. Corry, 1985: Seasonal transport variations in the Florida Straits. J. <i>Phys. Oceanogr.</i>, 15, 773–786</li> <li>Johns, W. E., and F. A. Schott, 1987: Meandering and transport variations of the Florida Current. J. <i>Phys. Oceanogr.</i>, 17, 1128–1147.</li> <li>Schott, F. A., and R. Zantopp, 1985: Florida Current: Seasonal and interannual variability. <i>Science</i>, 227, 308–311.</li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">Hátún; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Sandø</span>, AB; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Drange</span>, H; etal «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070806064718/http://www.nersc.no/~helge/Science/">Influence of the Atlantic Subpolar Gyre on the Thermohaline Circulation</a>». <i>Science</i>, 16-09-2005, pàg. 1841–1844. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nersc.no/%7Ehelge/Science/">original</a> el 2007-08-06. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Sci...309.1841H">2005Sci...309.1841H</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1114777">10.1126/science.1114777</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16166513?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:16166513">16166513</a> [Consulta: 2 agost 2007].</span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFRichardsonAdamsSpring_2018"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Richardson</span>, Philip L.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Adams</span>, Nathan T. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/nantuckethistoricalassociation/docs/hnspring_2018_3.5.18">Uncharted Waters: Nantucket Whalers and the Franklin-Folger Chart of the Gulf Stream</a>». <i>Historic Nantucket</i>, Spring 2018, pàg. 17–24.</span></li> <li>Matthias Tomczak and J. Stuart Godfrey (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.es.flinders.edu.au/~mattom/regoc/pdffiles/colour/double/04P-Ekman-left.pdf">Regional Oceanography: an Introduction.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090914120630/http://www.es.flinders.edu.au/~mattom/regoc/pdffiles/colour/double/04P-Ekman-left.pdf">Arxivat</a> 2009-09-14 a <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Matthias Tomczak, pp. 42. <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/81-7035-306-8" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/81-7035-306-8">ISBN 81-7035-306-8</a>. consulta: 2009-05-06.</li> <li><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal">Angela Colling. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=tFJRLhSez_YC&pg=PA96"><i>Ocean Circulation</i></a>.  Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001, p. 96. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-0-08-053794-8" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-0-08-053794-8">ISBN 978-0-08-053794-8</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ocean+Circulation&rft.au=Angela+Colling&rft.date=2001&rft.pub=Butterworth-Heinemann&rft.pages=96&rft.isbn=978-0-08-053794-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtFJRLhSez_YC%26pg%3DPA96"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal">Maurice L. Schwartz. Springer Science & Business Media. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=VWnxpAxp6TMC&pg=PA1037"><i>Encyclopedia of Coastal Science</i></a>, 2006, p. 1037. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-1-4020-3880-8" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-1-4020-3880-8">ISBN 978-1-4020-3880-8</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Coastal+Science&rft.au=Maurice+L.+Schwartz&rft.date=2006&rft.pages=1037&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-3880-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVWnxpAxp6TMC%26pg%3DPA1037"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200428114153/https://oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu/atlantic/gulf-stream.html">The Gulf Stream</a>».  Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu/atlantic/gulf-stream.html">original</a> el 2020-04-28. [Consulta: 6 gener 2009].</span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100614102611/http://oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu/southern/antarctic-cp.html">The Antarctic CP Current</a>».  Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu/southern/antarctic-cp.html">original</a> el 2010-06-14. [Consulta: 6 gener 2009].</span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFTheuerkaufRodriguezFegley2014"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Theuerkauf</span>, Ethan J.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Rodriguez</span>, Antonio B.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Fegley</span>, Stephen R. «Sea level anomalies exacerbate beach erosion». <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i>, 2014, pàg. 5139–5147. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014GeoRL..41.5139T">2014GeoRL..41.5139T</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2F2014GL060544">10.1002/2014GL060544</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFFu1987"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Fu</span>, L. «Seasonal variability of the Gulf Stream from satellite altimetry». <i>Journal of Geophysical Research</i>, 1987.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFZhai2008"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Zhai</span>, X. «On the seasonal variability of eddy kinetic energy in the Gulf Stream region». <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i>, 2008.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFRossby2010"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Rossby</span>, T. «On the variability of Gulf Stream transport from seasonal to decadal timescales.». <i>Journal of Marine Research</i>, 2010, pàg. 503.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFMontgomery1938"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Montgomery</span>, R «Fluctuations in the monthly sea level on the eastern U.S. Coast as related to dynamics of the western North Atlantic Ocean». <i>Journal of Marine Research</i>, 1938, pàg. 32–37.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFLeeWilliams1988"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Lee</span>, T; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Williams</span>, E «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1214&context=gsofacpubs">Wind-forced transport fluctuations of the Florida Current</a>». <i>Journal of Physical Oceanography</i>, 1988, pàg. 937–946. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0485%281988%29018%3C0937%3Awftfot%3E2.0.co%3B2">10.1175/1520-0485(1988)018<0937:wftfot>2.0.co;2</a>.</span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://floridakeys.noaa.gov/ocean/flcurrent.html">The Florida Current is a strong oceanic current flowing northward along the eastern coast of Florida carrying warm tropical waters that eventually feed the Gulf Stream</a>».  NOAA. [Consulta: 8 novembre 2022].</span></li> <li><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFLeamanJohnsRossby1989"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Leaman</span>, K; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Johns</span>, E; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Rossby</span>, T «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1214&context=gsofacpubs">The average distribution of volume transport and Potential Vorticity with temperature at three sections across the Gulf Stream</a>». <i>Journal of Physical Oceanography</i>, 1989, pàg. 36–51. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989JPO....19...36L">1989JPO....19...36L</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0485%281989%29019%3C0036%3ATADOVT%3E2.0.CO%3B2">10.1175/1520-0485(1989)019<0036:TADOVT>2.0.CO;2</a>.</span></li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">A <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_principal?uselang=ca">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Straits_of_Florida" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Straits of Florida">Estret de Florida</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4017586-8">1</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF">VIAF</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/315160771">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bases d'informació</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GEC" class="mw-redirect" title="GEC">GEC</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/estret-de-florida">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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