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셰프들에게 묻는다: OSTP 정책 파트 I - The Scholarly Kitchen

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묻는다: OSTP 정책 파트 I </h1> <nav class="nav-article-meta nav-article-meta--single"> <ul class="nav-article-meta__list"> <li><span class="byline">By</span> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/annmichael/" title="Posts by Ann Michael" class="author url fn" rel="author">Ann Michael</a>, <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/timvines/" title="Posts by Tim Vines" class="author url fn" rel="author">Tim Vines</a>, <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/robertharington/" title="Posts by Robert Harington" class="author url fn" rel="author">Robert Harington</a>, <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/dacrotty/" title="Posts by David Crotty" class="author url fn" rel="author">David Crotty</a>, <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/tao-tao/" title="Posts by Tao Tao" class="author url fn" rel="author">Tao Tao</a>, <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/amudditt/" title="Posts by Alison Mudditt" class="author url fn" 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data-link="https://www.linkedin.com/cws/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarlykitchen.sspnet.org%2Ftranslation%2F%EC%85%B0%ED%94%84%EB%93%A4%EC%97%90%EA%B2%8C-%EB%AC%BB%EB%8A%94%EB%8B%A4-ostp-%EC%A0%95%EC%B1%85-%ED%8C%8C%ED%8A%B8-i%2F"><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_linkedin_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Share</span></span></span></span></a></div><div class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button total_shares total_sharesalt" ><span class="swp_count ">0 <span class="swp_label">Shares</span></span></div></div> <button type="button" class="share__print js-print hidden-print btn btn--link"><i class="bts bt-print"></i> Print this Page</button> </div> <div class="article-org-link"> <span class="article-org-link__label">Original Article:</span> <a class="" href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2022/08/30/ask-the-chefs-ostp-policy-i/" >Ask The Chefs: OSTP Policy Part I</a></div> <div class="content"> <div> <p><span lang="KO">캑터스</span> <span lang="KO">커뮤니케이션즈</span>(<span lang="KO">에디티지와</span> Impact Science<span lang="KO">의</span> <span lang="KO">모회사</span>)<span lang="KO">에서</span> <span lang="KO">번역</span>. Translation by Cactus Communications (the parent company of Editage and Impact Science)</p> <p><a href="https://ind01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cactusglobal.com%2F&amp;data=05%7C01%7Cdonald.samulack%40cactusglobal.com%7Cbb5eb5d7a77e46959def08daa08cf477%7C762d8873d7774e7fbb6be4d2cccca312%7C0%7C0%7C637998824506611954%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C3000%7C%7C%7C&amp;sdata=scC6IgwtH2Fbmwe6vCsnHbBanfwIpXGFvELVLm5cwSM%3D&amp;reserved=0"><img decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-57186 size-medium" src="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/CACTUS-logo-300x78.png" alt="Cactus logo" width="300" height="78" srcset="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/CACTUS-logo-300x78.png 300w, https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/CACTUS-logo-1024x268.png 1024w, https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/CACTUS-logo-768x201.png 768w, https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/CACTUS-logo.png 1374w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></a></p> <p><span lang="KO">목요일</span> <span lang="KO">이후로</span> <span lang="KO">이메일</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">채팅</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">트위터</span> <span lang="KO">또는</span> <span lang="KO">기타</span> <span lang="KO">정보</span> <span lang="KO">피드를 열어볼 때마다 지난주에</span> <span lang="KO">발표된</span> <span lang="KO">미 백악관 </span><span lang="EN-IN"><a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/08-2022-OSTP-Public-Access-Memo.pdf"><span lang="KO">과학기술정책실</span>(OSTP) <span lang="KO">정책메모</span> (<span lang="KO">일명</span> Nelson <span lang="KO">메모</span>)</a></span><span lang="KO">에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">분석과</span> <span lang="KO">의견이 활발하게 올라오고 있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이렇게 뜨겁게 논의되는 주제는 바로</span> <span lang="EN-IN">“</span><span lang="KO">연방 자금 지원</span> <span lang="KO">연구에</span> <span lang="KO">대한 접근을</span> <span lang="KO">무료로</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">즉각적으로</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">그리고 공평하게 보장하는 것</span><span lang="EN-IN">”</span><span lang="KO">입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span> <span lang="KO">사람들의 주목을 끌 주제라고 말할 수 있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">!</span></p> </div> <div> <div> <p><span lang="KO">이 정책메모에서는 </span><span lang="EN-IN">&#8220;</span><span lang="KO">권장한다</span><span lang="EN-IN">&#8220;, &#8220;</span><span lang="KO">하는 것이 좋다</span><span lang="EN-IN">&#8221; </span><span lang="KO">등과</span> <span lang="KO">같은</span> <span lang="KO">단어들을</span> <span lang="KO">쓰고 </span><span lang="EN-IN">&#8220;</span><span lang="KO">공개</span> <span lang="KO">접근</span><span lang="EN-IN">&#8220;</span><span lang="KO">이라는</span> <span lang="KO">표현을 지속적으로</span> <span lang="KO">쓰면서 부드러운 언어를 사용하고 있지만</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">이 메모는</span> <span lang="KO">사람들에게 열어보라고 강요하고 있으며</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">그 의도는</span> <span lang="KO">분명합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> </div> <div> <div> <p><em><span lang="KO">그래서</span></em><em><span lang="KO"> 우리는 </span></em><em><span lang="KO">발빠르게</span></em> <em><span lang="KO">셰프들에게</span></em> <em><span lang="KO">질문을 던졌습니다</span></em><em><b><span lang="EN-IN">. “OSTP </span></b></em><em><b><span lang="KO">정책</span></b></em><b> </b><em><b><span lang="KO">발표에</span></b></em><b> </b><em><b><span lang="KO">대해 일차적으로 떠오르는 생각은</span></b></em><b> </b><em><b><span lang="KO">무엇입니까</span></b></em><em><b><span lang="EN-IN">?”</span></b></em></p> </div> <div> <div> <p><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">셰프들이</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OSTP</span><span lang="KO">에</span> <span lang="KO">대해</span> <span lang="KO">많은 의견을 피력했기 때문에</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">본 게시물은 </span><span lang="EN-IN">2</span><span lang="KO">부로</span> <span lang="KO">구성된</span> <span lang="KO">내용 중</span><span lang="EN-IN">1</span><span lang="KO">부에 해당합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.)</span></p> </div> <p><img decoding="async" class="alignnone size-large wp-image-57052" src="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/iStock-1349245069-1024x625.jpg" alt="View of the White House with the Washington Monument in the background" width="1024" height="625" srcset="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/iStock-1349245069-1024x625.jpg 1024w, https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/iStock-1349245069-300x183.jpg 300w, https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/iStock-1349245069-768x469.jpg 768w, https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/iStock-1349245069.jpg 1310w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></p> <div> <p><b><span lang="EN-IN">Tim Vines</span></b><span lang="EN-IN">:  </span>오픈 데이터 정책의 열렬한 신봉자로서 처음 드는 생각은 &#8216;야호!&#8217;입니다. 그 동안 의견을 피력할 기회가 있을 때마다 정부가 언젠가는 정부기관 연구자들이 생성한 데이터의 공유를 의무화할 것이며 학술지들에 대해서도 이를 강제할 책임을 부과할 가능성이 매우 높다고 말해왔습니다. 그리고 이제 그 날이 훨씬 더 가까워졌습니다.</p> <p>비교하자면 <a href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/ostp_public_access_memo_2013.pdf">Holdren 메모</a>(섹션 4)는 데이터에 대한 내용이 매우 일반적이지만(&#8220;미 연방 정부로부터 전체 또는 부분 연구비 지원을 받는 기밀대상이 아닌 연구에서 생성된 디지털 형식의 과학 데이터는 저장하여 공개적으로 접근 가능해야 함&#8221;), <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/08-2022-OSTP-Public-Access-Memo.pdf">Nelson 메모</a>(섹션 3. b.i)는 다음과 같이 직접적으로 명시하고 있습니다:</p> <div> <blockquote><p><span lang="EN-IN">&#8220;</span><span lang="KO">미 연방 정부로부터 자금 지원을 받는 </span><span lang="KO">연구에서</span> <span lang="KO">생성된</span> <span lang="KO">동료</span> <span lang="KO">평가</span> <span lang="KO">학술</span> <span lang="KO">논문들의</span> <span lang="KO">기초가</span> <span lang="KO">되는</span> <span lang="KO">과학</span> <span lang="KO">데이터는</span> <span lang="KO">출판 시점에</span> <span lang="KO">기본적으로</span> <span lang="KO">무료로</span> <span lang="KO">제공되고</span> <span lang="KO">공개적으로</span> <span lang="KO">접근</span> <span lang="KO">가능해야</span> <span lang="KO">합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.&#8221;</span></p></blockquote> <div> <p><span lang="KO">이 접근법은</span> <span lang="KO">의미가</span> <span lang="KO">큽니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">학술저널만이</span> <span lang="KO">데이터</span> <span lang="KO">완전 공유</span> <span lang="KO">성명들을</span> <span lang="KO">반영하기</span> <span lang="KO">위해</span> <span lang="KO">변경이 가능한</span> <span lang="KO">논문원고들에</span> <span lang="KO">대한 지속적인</span> <span lang="KO">접근</span> <span lang="KO">권한을</span> <span lang="KO">가지고</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">또한</span> <span lang="KO">학술저널 게재과정에서는</span> <span lang="KO">저자들이</span> <span lang="KO">연구비 지원기관의</span> <span lang="KO">데이터</span> <span lang="KO">공유</span> <span lang="KO">정책을</span> <span lang="KO">준수하도록</span> <span lang="KO">강요될 수 있는</span> <span lang="KO">분명한</span><span lang="EN-IN"> &#8216;</span><span lang="KO">주목의</span> <span lang="KO">순간</span><span lang="EN-IN">&#8216;(&#8216;X&#8217;</span><span lang="KO">를</span> <span lang="KO">하지</span> <span lang="KO">않으면</span> <span lang="KO">이</span> <span lang="KO">논문을</span> <span lang="KO">게재할 수 없음</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">이 존재합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">가능한 업무 흐름은</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">저널이</span> <span lang="KO">관련</span> <span lang="KO">연구비 지원기관</span> <span lang="KO">정책을</span> <span lang="KO">준수하는지 여부를</span> <span lang="KO">평가하기</span> <span lang="KO">위해</span><span lang="EN-IN"> &#8216;</span><span lang="KO">리뷰</span> <span lang="KO">중</span><span lang="EN-IN">&#8216;</span><span lang="KO">인</span> <span lang="KO">논문을</span> <span lang="KO">제</span><span lang="EN-IN">3</span><span lang="KO">자에게</span> <span lang="KO">전달하고</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="KO">해당 정책을 준수하기</span> <span lang="KO">위해</span> <span lang="KO">해야</span> <span lang="KO">할</span> <span lang="KO">일을</span> <span lang="KO">저자들에게</span> <span lang="KO">알려주는</span> <span lang="KO">것입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">개별 논문</span> <span lang="KO">수준의</span> <span lang="KO">정책</span> <span lang="KO">준수</span> <span lang="KO">모니터링을</span> <span lang="KO">사용하면</span> <span lang="KO">이</span> <span lang="KO">정책에</span> <span lang="KO">대해 주로 논란이 발생할 수 있는</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="KO">공유해야</span> <span lang="KO">할</span> <span lang="KO">데이터세트를</span> <span lang="KO">정의하는</span> <span lang="KO">문제도</span> <span lang="KO">피할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">우리가 생각할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있는</span> <span lang="KO">모든</span> <span lang="KO">유형의</span> <span lang="KO">데이터와</span> <span lang="KO">연구에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">자세한</span> <span lang="KO">지침을</span> <span lang="KO">작성하기</span> <span lang="KO">위해</span> <span lang="KO">수년</span> <span lang="KO">동안</span> <span lang="KO">노력을 기울이더라도</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">여전히</span> <span lang="KO">연구자들은</span> <span lang="KO">지침이</span> <span lang="KO">자신의 특정</span> <span lang="KO">상황에</span> <span lang="KO">적용되지</span> <span lang="KO">않는다는</span> <span lang="KO">불평할</span> <span lang="KO">수 있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">아마도</span> <span lang="KO">실제로 그렇게 할 것입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">). </span><span lang="KO">각 논문</span> <span lang="KO">수준에서</span> <span lang="KO">정책준수에 대한</span> <span lang="KO">모니터링을</span> <span lang="KO">사용하면</span> <span lang="KO">포괄적인 정책을 마련하고</span> <span lang="KO">논문</span> <span lang="KO">수준</span> <span lang="KO">보고서를</span> <span lang="KO">사용하여</span> <span lang="KO">저자에게</span> <span lang="KO">정책을</span> <span lang="KO">준수하기</span> <span lang="KO">위해</span> <span lang="KO">공유해야</span> <span lang="KO">하는</span> <span lang="KO">데이터</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">기타</span> <span lang="KO">연구관련 결과산물</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">가 무엇인지</span> <span lang="KO">정확히</span> <span lang="KO">알릴</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이런 방식을 통해</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">연구비 지원기관</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">저널</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">연구자</span> <span lang="KO">등</span> <span lang="KO">모든</span> <span lang="KO">관련자들에게</span> <span lang="KO">각자 해야</span> <span lang="KO">할</span> <span lang="KO">일이</span> <span lang="KO">무엇인지</span><span lang="KO">명확하게</span> <span lang="KO">알릴</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있을 것입니다</span></p> <div> <p class="callout"><span lang="EN-IN">… </span><span lang="EN-IN">Nelson </span><span lang="KO">메모에는</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OA (</span><span lang="EN-IN">Open Access: </span><span lang="KO">오픈 액세스</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span> <span lang="KO">논문</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">데이터에</span> <span lang="KO">대해</span> <span lang="KO">이번에 새로 발표된</span> <span lang="KO">접근법을</span> <span lang="KO">지원하기</span> <span lang="KO">위해</span> <span lang="KO">제공되는</span> <span lang="KO">추가</span> <span lang="KO">자료에</span><span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">언급은</span> <span lang="KO">없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">그럼에도</span> <span lang="KO">불구하고</span> <span lang="KO">연구비 지원기관이</span> <span lang="KO">해당 정책</span> <span lang="KO">준수를</span> <span lang="KO">홍보하는</span> <span lang="KO">비용을</span> <span lang="KO">부담하는</span> <span lang="KO">것은</span> <span lang="KO">자명합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <p><a href="https://www.ce-strategy.com/the-brief/zero-embargo/">Clarke &amp; Esposito 컨설팅 사에서 발표한 훌륭한 요약</a>을 통해 알 수 있듯이 Nelson 메모에는 OA (Open Access: 오픈 액세스, 공개 접근) 논문 및 데이터에 대해 이번에 새로 발표된 접근법을 지원하기 위해 제공되는 추가 자료에 대한 언급은 없습니다. 그럼에도 불구하고 연구비 지원기관이 해당 정책 준수를홍보하는 비용을 부담하는 것은 자명합니다. 예를 들어, 미국 국립신경질환뇌졸증 연구소(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)의2021년 예산은 <a href="https://www.ninds.nih.gov/about-ninds/budget-legislation/fy22-total-appropriation/fy21-total-appropriation">27억 달러</a>로 10,000편 정도의 논문들이 출판되었습니다. 해당 예산으로 생성된 결과물은 현재 이 논문들 뿐입니다. 논문들과 관련된 대부분의 데이터셋, 코드 객체, 프로토콜 및 새로운 실험실 자료는 여전히 연구실 컴퓨터에 숨겨져 있습니다. 이 모든 결과물들을 공개 서버에 가져오고 최대한 접근 및 검색이 가능하도록 학술 인프라에 연결하는 것은 연구비 지원기관들의 핵심 업무로 생각됩니다. 이 작업은 Barend Mons가 연구비 지원기관이 오픈 데이터 정책을 실행하기 위해 준비하도록 <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00505-7">권고하는 예산</a>의 5% 미만의 비용으로 가능할 것입니다. (흥미롭게도 Nelson 메모에 수반되는 <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/08-2022-OSTP-Public-Access-Congressional-Report.pdf">경제성 분석</a>에서도 이Mons의 논문을 인용합니다.)</p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">또</span> <span lang="KO">하나</span> <span lang="KO">좋은</span> <span lang="KO">소식은</span><span lang="KO"> 민간 </span><span lang="KO">연구비</span> <span lang="KO">지원기관들이</span> <span lang="KO">이미</span> <span lang="KO">논문</span> <span lang="KO">수준</span> <span lang="KO">모니터링을</span> <span lang="KO">통해</span> <span lang="KO">오픈</span> <span lang="KO">사이언스 정책을</span> <span lang="KO">추진하는</span> <span lang="KO">데</span> <span lang="KO">많은</span> <span lang="KO">진전을</span> <span lang="KO">이루었다는</span> <span lang="KO">것입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="EN-IN"><a href="https://parkinsonsroadmap.org/">Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s</a></span><span lang="EN-IN"> (</span><span lang="KO">파킨슨 병 정복을 위한 과학 융합</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">가 최근 발표한 </span><span lang="EN-IN"><a href="https://parkinsonsroadmap.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/102049-010_ASAP-BlueprintPDF_v4r7-1.pdf">Blueprint for Collaborative Open Science</a></span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">오픈 사이언스 협업을 위한 청사진</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">가</span> <span lang="KO">특히</span> <span lang="KO">좋은</span> <span lang="KO">예입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">첨언</span><span lang="EN-IN">: </span><span lang="EN-IN">Nelson </span><span lang="KO">메모에는</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OSTP</span><span lang="KO">가</span> <span lang="KO">비즈니스</span> <span lang="KO">모델들과</span> <span lang="KO">관련하여</span> <span lang="KO">중립을</span> <span lang="KO">유지할</span> <span lang="KO">것이라고</span> <span lang="KO">명시되어</span> <span lang="KO">있지만</span><span lang="EN-IN"> APC(</span><span lang="EN-IN">Article Processing Charge: </span><span lang="KO">논문게재료</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">에서</span> <span lang="KO">벗어나려고</span> <span lang="KO">노력함으로써</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OSTP</span><span lang="KO">가</span> <span lang="KO">많은</span> <span lang="KO">것을</span> <span lang="KO">이룰</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있다고</span> <span lang="KO">생각합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="EN-IN">APC</span><span lang="KO">는</span> <span lang="KO">제출된</span> <span lang="KO">모든</span> <span lang="KO">논문을</span> <span lang="KO">출판 및</span> <span lang="KO">리뷰하는</span> <span lang="KO">비용을</span> <span lang="KO">해당</span> <span lang="KO">논문이</span> <span lang="KO">승인된</span> <span lang="KO">저자들이</span> <span lang="KO">부담하도록 하는</span> <span lang="KO">반면</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">논문이</span> <span lang="KO">검토된 후 출판이</span> <span lang="KO">거부된</span> <span lang="KO">저자는</span> <span lang="KO">비용을</span> <span lang="KO">지불하지</span> <span lang="KO">않습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">따라서</span> <span lang="KO">논문 수락률이</span> <span lang="KO">높은</span> <span lang="KO">국가</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">예</span><span lang="EN-IN">: </span><span lang="KO">미국</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">의</span> <span lang="KO">저자들이</span> <span lang="KO">수락률이</span> <span lang="KO">낮은</span> <span lang="KO">국가의</span> <span lang="KO">논문들에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">동료평가</span> <span lang="KO">비용을</span> <span lang="KO">지불하게 되는 구조입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">중국의</span> <span lang="KO">연구</span> <span lang="KO">성과는</span> <span lang="KO">지난</span> <span lang="KO">수십</span> <span lang="KO">년</span> <span lang="KO">동안</span> <span lang="KO">양적으로 </span><span lang="EN-IN"><a href="https://www.science.org/content/article/china-rises-first-place-most-cited-papers"><span lang="KO">눈부시게</span> <span lang="KO">성장</span></a></span><span lang="KO">했지만</span> <span lang="KO">품질은</span> <span lang="KO">여전히</span> <span lang="KO">매우</span> <span lang="KO">변동 폭이 큽니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">따라서</span> <span lang="KO">미국</span> <span lang="KO">납세자가</span> <span lang="KO">지불하는</span><span lang="EN-IN"> APC</span><span lang="KO">의</span> <span lang="KO">상당</span> <span lang="KO">부분은</span> <span lang="KO">중국</span> <span lang="KO">논문을</span> <span lang="KO">리뷰</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">거부</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">하는</span> <span lang="KO">데</span> <span lang="KO">사용됩니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">중국</span> <span lang="KO">연구비 지원기관들이</span> <span lang="KO">이</span> <span lang="KO">비용을</span> <span lang="KO">스스로</span> <span lang="KO">부담해야</span> <span lang="KO">할</span> <span lang="KO">때가</span> <span lang="KO">된</span> <span lang="KO">것</span> <span lang="KO">같습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p class="callout"><span lang="KO">이에 대한 대안으로</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OSTP</span><span lang="KO">는</span> <span lang="KO">미국</span> <span lang="KO">연구비 지원기관이</span><span lang="EN-IN"> APC</span><span lang="KO">를</span> <span lang="KO">논문 제출</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">수수료</span> <span lang="KO">모델로</span> <span lang="KO">바꾸도록</span> <span lang="KO">권장할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이 방법을 통해</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">미국 연구비 지원기관들은 미국 기반 저자들에 대해서만 동료평가 및 출판 비용을 부담하게 됩니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">이에 대한 대안으로</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OSTP</span><span lang="KO">는</span> <span lang="KO">미국</span> <span lang="KO">연구비 지원기관이</span><span lang="EN-IN"> APC</span><span lang="KO">를</span> <span lang="KO">논문 제출</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">수수료</span> <span lang="KO">모델로</span> <span lang="KO">바꾸도록</span> <span lang="KO">권장할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이 방법을 통해</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">미국 연구비 지원기관들은 미국 기반 저자들에 대해서만 동료평가 및 출판 비용을 부담하게 됩니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">저널</span> <span lang="KO">수익은</span> <span lang="KO">동일하게</span> <span lang="KO">유지될 것이지만</span> <span lang="KO">미국</span> <span lang="KO">납세자들의</span> <span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">비용은</span><span lang="KO">아마도</span> <span lang="KO">절반 이상으로</span> <span lang="KO">줄어들</span> <span lang="KO">것입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">특히</span> <span lang="KO">미국</span> <span lang="KO">연구자들은</span><span lang="EN-IN"> APC </span><span lang="KO">대비</span> <span lang="KO">제출</span><span lang="EN-IN"> + </span><span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">수수료의</span> <span lang="KO">비율이</span> <span lang="EN-IN"><a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2018/09/20/plan-t-scrap-apcs-and-fund-open-access-with-submission-fees/"><span lang="KO">가장</span> <span lang="KO">높은</span></a></span> <span lang="KO">영향력 있는</span> <span lang="KO">저널에</span> <span lang="KO">출판하려는</span> <span lang="KO">경향이</span> <span lang="KO">있기</span><span lang="KO">때문입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span></p> <div> <p><strong><span lang="EN-IN">Robert Harington:</span></strong> <span lang="KO">이번 </span><span lang="EN-IN">OSTP </span><span lang="KO">정책 발표를 접하고 매우 놀랐습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN"> – </span><span lang="KO">아마도</span> <span lang="KO">이번 발표 내용이 예측가능한 일일 수도 있겠지만</span><span lang="EN-IN"> – </span><span lang="KO">저 개인적으로는 매우 놀랐습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">머리속에 처음 떠오른</span> <span lang="KO">단어는</span><span lang="EN-IN"> &#8220;</span><span lang="KO">음</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">저는 한 번도</span><span lang="EN-IN">&#8230;&#8221;</span><span lang="KO">였습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">그</span> <span lang="KO">다음에는 우리가 잘 알고 있는</span><span lang="EN-IN"> Monty Python</span><span lang="KO">의</span><span lang="EN-IN"> Flying Circus</span><span lang="KO">의</span> <span lang="KO">다음 대사가 떠올랐습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <blockquote><p><span lang="EN-IN">&#8220;</span><span lang="KO">여려분들을</span> <span lang="KO">귀찮게 하고</span> <span lang="KO">작업을 더</span> <span lang="KO">짜증나게</span> <span lang="KO">하고자 이</span> <span lang="KO">프로그램에 개입합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.&#8221;</span></p></blockquote> <div> <p><span lang="KO">마치</span> <span lang="KO">벌집을 쑤셔놓고 무슨</span> <span lang="KO">일이</span> <span lang="KO">일어나는지</span> <span lang="KO">보기로</span> <span lang="KO">결정한</span> <span lang="KO">것</span> <span lang="KO">같은 느낌입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">요즘 같은</span> <span lang="KO">시대에</span> <span lang="KO">누가</span> <span lang="KO">이해관계자들과</span> <span lang="KO">상의하여</span> <span lang="KO">지속가능한</span> <span lang="KO">오픈 정책</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">오픈 데이터</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">오픈 사이언스</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">이 어떤 모습이어야 한다는 확인이 필요합니까</span><span lang="EN-IN">?</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">이미 벌어진 일은 돌이킬 수 없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">그러나</span> <span lang="KO">거듭 생각할수록</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">이와 같은 정책적 의무가 각 학문영역별</span> <span lang="KO">문화</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">학회와</span> <span lang="KO">같은</span> <span lang="KO">이해</span> <span lang="KO">관계자들의</span> <span lang="KO">역할</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">연구 자체에 미치는 영향 등에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">이해가 명백히</span> <span lang="KO">부족한 가운데</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">새로운 정책이 가져올 문제들에 대해 제대로 살펴보지 않고 만들어졌는지 매우 놀랍지 않을 수 없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p class="callout"><span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">생태계의</span> <span lang="KO">모든</span> <span lang="KO">이해</span> <span lang="KO">관계자들</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">연구원</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">연구비 지원기관</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">대학 및 연구소들</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">도서관</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">학회</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">이</span> <span lang="KO">공평하고</span> <span lang="KO">포용적인</span> <span lang="KO">오픈 리서치 및 오픈 액세스</span> <span lang="KO">출판으로의</span> <span lang="KO">전환이</span> <span lang="KO">필요하다는</span> <span lang="KO">것을</span> <span lang="KO">이해하고</span> <span lang="KO">있다는</span> <span lang="KO">점에는</span> <span lang="KO">의심의</span> <span lang="KO">여지가</span> <span lang="KO">없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">생태계의</span> <span lang="KO">모든</span> <span lang="KO">이해</span> <span lang="KO">관계자들</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">연구원</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">연구비 지원기관</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">대학 및 연구소들</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">도서관</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">학회</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">이</span> <span lang="KO">공평하고</span> <span lang="KO">포용적인</span> <span lang="KO">오픈 리서치 및 오픈 액세스</span> <span lang="KO">출판으로의</span><span lang="KO">전환이</span> <span lang="KO">필요하다는</span> <span lang="KO">것을</span> <span lang="KO">이해하고</span> <span lang="KO">있다는</span> <span lang="KO">점에는</span> <span lang="KO">의심의</span> <span lang="KO">여지가</span> <span lang="KO">없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">다만</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">이것이</span> <span lang="KO">어떻게</span> <span lang="KO">지속</span> <span lang="KO">가능한</span> <span lang="KO">방식으로</span> <span lang="KO">이루어질</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있는지는</span> <span lang="KO">명확히 정립된 바가 없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">미</span> <span lang="KO">연방</span> <span lang="KO">연구비 지원기관들이 새로운</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">또는</span> <span lang="KO">기존의 방법 개선</span><span lang="EN-IN">) </span><span lang="KO">공개</span> <span lang="KO">접근</span> <span lang="KO">계획을</span> <span lang="KO">개발하도록 의무를 명시한 새로 발표된 정책은</span> <span lang="KO">칭찬할</span> <span lang="KO">만하지만</span><span lang="KO">비용을</span> <span lang="KO">어떻게 감당할 지에 대한 언급이 없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">또한</span> <span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">수익에</span> <span lang="KO">의존하는</span> <span lang="KO">학회들의 입장에 대한 고려가 없어서</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="KO">연구분야에</span> <span lang="KO">따라</span><span lang="EN-IN"> APC</span><span lang="KO">를</span> <span lang="KO">지불할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">없는</span><span lang="KO">학계 집단이</span> <span lang="KO">존재할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. OSTP </span><span lang="KO">메모에는</span> <span lang="KO">비용에 대한 언급이</span> <span lang="KO">거의</span> <span lang="KO">없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="EN-IN">&#8220;OMB (</span><span lang="KO">미 백악관 관리예산처</span><span lang="EN-IN">, Office of Management and Budget)</span><span lang="KO">와</span> <span lang="KO">협의하여</span> <span lang="KO">연방</span> <span lang="KO">기관들은</span> <span lang="KO">연구자가</span> <span lang="KO">모든</span> <span lang="KO">연구</span> <span lang="KO">예산에</span> <span lang="KO">합리적인</span> <span lang="KO">논문 게재료와</span> <span lang="KO">논문제출</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">큐레이션</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">데이터</span> <span lang="KO">관리</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">특별</span> <span lang="KO">취급</span> <span lang="KO">지침과</span> <span lang="KO">관련된</span> <span lang="KO">비용 등을</span> <span lang="KO">허용가능한</span> <span lang="KO">비용에</span> <span lang="KO">포함할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있도록</span> <span lang="KO">허용해야</span> <span lang="KO">합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.&#8221;</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">이는 연구비 지원기관들이</span> <span lang="KO">출판 비용을 충당하기</span> <span lang="KO">위해</span> <span lang="KO">연구비를 증액하기 위해 노력하고 있다는</span> <span lang="KO">것을</span> <span lang="KO">의미합니까</span><span lang="EN-IN">? </span><span lang="KO">어디에도 연구비 지원액이</span> <span lang="KO">증가했다는</span> <span lang="KO">언급은</span> <span lang="KO">없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">수학과</span> <span lang="KO">같은</span> <span lang="KO">일부</span> <span lang="KO">학계에서는</span> <span lang="KO">연구비 지원 규모가</span> <span lang="KO">상대적으로</span> <span lang="KO">적으며</span><span lang="EN-IN">, APC(</span><span lang="KO">논문게재료</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">가</span> <span lang="KO">아닌</span> <span lang="KO">연구</span> <span lang="KO">자체를</span> <span lang="KO">지원하는</span> <span lang="KO">데</span> <span lang="KO">연구비가</span> <span lang="KO">사용됩니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">또한</span> <span lang="KO">각</span> <span lang="KO">논문마다</span> <span lang="KO">비용을</span> <span lang="KO">지불해야</span> <span lang="KO">하는</span> <span lang="KO">것이</span> <span lang="KO">연구자들의</span> <span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">의지에</span> <span lang="KO">미치는</span> <span lang="KO">부정적 효과에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">언급도</span> <span lang="KO">없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">특히</span> <span lang="KO">연구를 통해 생성된 데이터를 파생 연구로 유용하게 활용할 수 있었던 신임 연구원들은 새 정책이 실행되면 </span><span lang="EN-IN">APC</span><span lang="KO">를 충당할 수 있는 연구비에 대한 접근이 제한될 수 있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">미국</span> <span lang="KO">수학회</span><span lang="EN-IN">(AMS;</span><span lang="EN-IN"> American Mathematical Society</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">는</span> <span lang="KO">이미</span> <span lang="EN-IN">OA</span> <span lang="KO">모델에 대한</span> <span lang="KO">실험을 시작했습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">학회의</span><span lang="EN-IN"> Green OA </span><span lang="KO">정책은</span> <span lang="KO">동료평가단계를</span> <span lang="KO">거친</span> <span lang="KO">저자의</span> <span lang="KO">최종</span> <span lang="KO">원고에</span> <span lang="KO">적용됩니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. Gold </span><span lang="KO">옵션은</span><span lang="EN-IN"> AMS </span><span lang="KO">회원들에게는</span> <span lang="KO">무료로</span> <span lang="KO">제공됩니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. AMS </span><span lang="KO">회원이</span> <span lang="KO">아닌</span> <span lang="KO">경우에는</span> <span lang="KO">거의</span><span lang="KO"> 이 옵션을 </span><span lang="KO">선택하지</span> <span lang="KO">않습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">새로운</span><span lang="KO">주력</span> <span lang="KO">저널인</span><span lang="EN-IN"> Communications of the AMS</span><span lang="KO">는</span><span lang="KO"> 크리에이티브 커먼즈</span><span lang="EN-IN">(Creative Commons) </span><span lang="KO">재사용</span> <span lang="KO">라이선스 조건으로</span><span lang="EN-IN"> Diamond OA</span><span lang="KO">에 해당하는 </span><span lang="KO">무료</span> <span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">읽기가</span> <span lang="KO">가능합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. AMS</span><span lang="KO">는</span><span lang="EN-IN"> CHORUS</span><span lang="KO">의</span> <span lang="KO">회원이며</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="KO">기존의</span> <span lang="KO">미 연방정부</span> <span lang="KO">연구비</span> <span lang="KO">지원기관</span> <span lang="KO">의무를</span> <span lang="KO">준수합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">이것이</span> <span lang="KO">앞으로 어떻게</span> <span lang="KO">진행될지</span> <span lang="KO">말하기에는</span> <span lang="KO">아직 너무</span> <span lang="KO">이릅니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">특히</span> <span lang="KO">수학자들의 경우</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="KO">이와 같이 연구비</span> <span lang="KO">지원이</span> <span lang="KO">뒤따르지 않는 정책적 의무가</span> <span lang="KO">연구자들에게</span><span lang="KO">과도한</span> <span lang="KO">부담을</span> <span lang="KO">줄</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있다는</span> <span lang="KO">점이</span> <span lang="KO">우려됩니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><strong><span lang="EN-IN">David Crotty: </span></strong><span lang="KO">그동안 동향을 주시해 온 출판사들은</span> <span lang="KO">일반적으로</span> <span lang="KO">논문에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">즉각적인</span> <span lang="KO">공개</span> <span lang="KO">접근 및 오픈</span> <span lang="KO">데이터에 대한 의무화가</span> <span lang="KO">파이프라인에</span> <span lang="KO">있으며</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="KO">그 시행 여부는 이미 결정되었고 다만</span> <span lang="KO">시기의</span> <span lang="KO">문제라고</span> <span lang="KO">생각했습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이</span> <span lang="KO">정책들이</span> <span lang="KO">발표되면</span> <span lang="KO">시행 일정이 정해지고</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">계획 수립이 더욱 앞당겨질</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">이 정책들은 연구 출판업계의 입장에 대한 반영은</span> <span lang="KO">거의</span> <span lang="KO">없고</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="KO">주요</span> <span lang="KO">이해</span> <span lang="KO">관계자들과의</span> <span lang="KO">협의</span> <span lang="KO">수준이</span><span lang="EN-IN"> Holdren </span><span lang="KO">메모에</span> <span lang="KO">대해</span> <span lang="KO">진행된</span> <span lang="KO">협의들과</span> <span lang="KO">동일한</span> <span lang="KO">수준으로</span> <span lang="KO">이루어지지 못한 가운데 작성되었다는</span> <span lang="KO">점을</span> <span lang="KO">주목할</span> <span lang="KO">만합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이제 우리가 위와 같은</span> <span lang="KO">방식으로</span> <span lang="KO">연구</span> <span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">관련 정책을</span> <span lang="KO">수립하기로</span> <span lang="KO">결정한</span> <span lang="KO">미국</span> <span lang="KO">행정부를 두 번 연속으로 경험하고 있다는</span> <span lang="KO">사실은</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="KO">연구</span> <span lang="KO">출판업계</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">특히</span> <span lang="KO">업계의</span> <span lang="KO">지지</span> <span lang="KO">단체들</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">와</span> <span lang="KO">미 연방</span> <span lang="KO">정부</span> <span lang="KO">간의</span> <span lang="KO">관계가 긴밀하지 못하다는 것을 단적으로 보여줍니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <p><a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/08-2022-OSTP-Public-Access-Congressional-Report.pdf">OSTP가 미 의회에 보낸 재정 영향 보고서</a>에는 올바르지 않은 정보로 인해 논리상의 상당한 비약이 포함되어 있습니다. 해당 보고서에는 보다 철저한 연구프로세스가 있었다면 확보했을 수 있는, 이용 가능한 데이터의 부족에 대한 언급이 수 차례 등장합니다 (예: 많은 예시 중 두 가지만 들면, <a href="https://www.embo.org/features/the-publishing-costs-at-embo/">EMBO</a> 또는<a href="https://theplosblog.plos.org/2020/10/plos-and-transparency-including-plan-s-price-service-transparency-framework/">PLOS</a>에서 논문 게재에 드는 비용에 대한 실제 출판사 데이터). 이 행정부의 정책 입안자들이 출판사들에게 더 광범위한 접근을 시도했다면, 필요한 정보를쉽게 얻을 수 있었고 신뢰성이 낮은 출처에 의존하지 않고도 더 정확한 예측을 할 수 있었을 것입니다. OSTP는 &#8220;연구 결과 및 데이터에 대한 대중의 접근을장기적으로 관리&#8221;하는 데 드는 비용에 대한 논점을 뒷받침하기 위해 &#8220;연구&#8221;를 인용합니다. 이는 실제로 “연구”가 아니라 <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00505-7">사설 의견</a>의 형태입니다. 예를 들어, Unsub 및 COUNTER 5와 같은 혁신적인 라이브러리 도구들이 출시되기 <a href="https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/open-access-no-evidence-zero-embargo-periods-harm-publishers">이전 뉴스 기사</a>를 사용하여 도서관이 무료 자료의 가용성으로 인해 출판사들에 대한 구독을 취소하지 않을 것이라고 주장합니다. 우리는 이러한 도구들이 <a href="https://sparcopen.org/news/2020/unsub-gives-libraries-powerful-evidence-to-walk-away-from-big-deals/">구독 취소의 목적을 위해 도서관들에게 적극적으로 홍보되고 있다는 것</a>을 알고 있으며 <a href="https://sparcopen.org/our-work/big-deal-cancellation-tracking/">SPARC에서 제공하는 구독 취소의 긴 목록</a>은 이 도구들이 효과적으로 사용되고 있음을 나타냅니다.</p> <div> <p class="callout"><span lang="EN-IN">Nelson </span><span lang="KO">메모는</span> <span lang="KO">야심찬</span> <span lang="KO">정책</span> <span lang="KO">의제를 요약하고 있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이 정책이 성공하려면</span> <span lang="KO">신중한</span> <span lang="KO">계획과</span> <span lang="KO">발생할 수 있는</span><span lang="EN-IN"> 2</span><span lang="KO">차</span> <span lang="KO">효과</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">의도하지</span> <span lang="KO">않은</span> <span lang="KO">결과에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">명확한</span> <span lang="KO">이해가</span> <span lang="KO">필요합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">또한</span> <span lang="EN-IN">OSTP</span><span lang="KO">가 의회에</span> <span lang="KO">보낸</span> <span lang="KO">보고서에는</span> <span lang="KO">오픈 데이터</span> <span lang="KO">정책의</span> <span lang="KO">경제적</span> <span lang="KO">영향에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">분석이</span> <span lang="KO">없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">오픈 데이터</span> <span lang="KO">요건은</span> <span lang="KO">연구</span> <span lang="KO">논문에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">공개</span> <span lang="KO">접근에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">정책보다</span> <span lang="KO">훨씬</span> <span lang="KO">더</span> <span lang="KO">큰</span> <span lang="KO">규모의 작업</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">잠재적으로</span> <span lang="KO">더</span> <span lang="KO">큰</span> <span lang="KO">긍정적 영향 가능성</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이러한</span> <span lang="KO">정책이</span> <span lang="KO">효과적으로 실행되기</span> <span lang="KO">위해서는</span> <span lang="KO">광범위한</span> <span lang="KO">인프라</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">지속적인</span> <span lang="KO">유지관리</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">개선</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">데이터</span> <span lang="KO">유형</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">관련</span> <span lang="KO">메타데이터에 대한</span> <span lang="KO">표준</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">과학</span> <span lang="KO">학계내의</span> <span lang="KO">상당한</span> <span lang="KO">문화적</span> <span lang="KO">변화 등이</span> <span lang="KO">필요합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. Nelson Memo</span><span lang="KO">는</span> <span lang="KO">궁극적으로 기관들이 출판된</span><span lang="KO">논문과</span> <span lang="KO">관련된</span> <span lang="KO">데이터의</span> <span lang="KO">일부가 아니라</span> <span lang="KO">연방</span> <span lang="KO">연구비 지원을 통해 생성된</span> <span lang="KO">모든</span> <span lang="KO">데이터를</span> <span lang="KO">저장하고</span> <span lang="KO">공개할</span> <span lang="KO">계획을</span> <span lang="KO">개발할</span> <span lang="KO">것을</span> <span lang="KO">촉구합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">생체 영상 연구실이나</span> <span lang="KO">천문학</span> <span lang="KO">연구</span> <span lang="KO">그룹은</span> <span lang="KO">매일</span> <span lang="KO">테라바이트의</span> <span lang="KO">데이터를</span> <span lang="KO">대량</span> <span lang="KO">생산할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="EN-IN"><a href="https://data.org/resources/the-fair-data-principles/">FAIR <span lang="KO">원칙</span></a></span><span lang="KO">을</span> <span lang="KO">충족하기</span> <span lang="KO">위해</span> <span lang="KO">이러한</span> <span lang="KO">데이터를</span> <span lang="KO">체계적으로 정리해서</span> <span lang="KO">영구</span> <span lang="KO">저장하는</span> <span lang="KO">것은</span> <span lang="KO">과소</span> <span lang="KO">평가할</span> <span lang="KO">작업이</span> <span lang="KO">아닙니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">제</span> <span lang="KO">동료인</span><span lang="EN-IN"> Tim Vines</span><span lang="KO">는</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OSTP</span><span lang="KO">가</span> <span lang="KO">선호하는</span><span lang="EN-IN"> 5% </span><span lang="KO">수치를</span> <span lang="KO">사용하여</span> <span lang="KO">이러한 새 정책의</span> <span lang="KO">요구</span> <span lang="KO">사항에</span> <span lang="KO">따라</span> <span lang="KO">여러</span> <span lang="KO">기관들</span> <span lang="KO">중</span> <span lang="KO">하나의</span> <span lang="KO">하위</span> <span lang="KO">기관에서</span> <span lang="KO">데이터를</span> <span lang="KO">사용할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있도록</span> <span lang="KO">하는</span> <span lang="KO">데</span> <span lang="KO">연간</span><span lang="EN-IN"> 1</span><span lang="KO">억</span><span lang="EN-IN"> 3,500</span><span lang="KO">만</span> <span lang="KO">달러가</span> <span lang="KO">소요될</span> <span lang="KO">것이라고</span> <span lang="KO">제시했습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span><span lang="KO">이렇게 되면</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="EN-IN"><a href="https://cen.acs.org/policy/research-funding/US-federal-science-dollars-increase/99/i1">2021<span lang="KO">년</span> <span lang="KO">연방</span> <span lang="KO">연구</span> <span lang="KO">예산</span> 1,650<span lang="KO">억</span> <span lang="KO">달러</span></a></span><span lang="KO">에</span> <span lang="KO">대해</span> <span lang="KO">연간</span><span lang="EN-IN"> 82</span><span lang="KO">억</span><span lang="EN-IN"> 5,000</span><span lang="KO">만</span> <span lang="KO">달러까지</span> <span lang="KO">증가합니다</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">이 수치가 상당히 정확하다고 가정하더라도</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">경제적</span> <span lang="KO">영향을</span> <span lang="KO">고려할</span> <span lang="KO">때</span> <span lang="KO">무시할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있는</span> <span lang="KO">수치가</span> <span lang="KO">아니며</span> <span lang="KO">논문에 대한 공개 접근</span> <span lang="KO">비용보다</span> <span lang="KO">훨씬</span> <span lang="KO">높습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="EN-IN"><a href="https://www.dayoneproject.org/ideas/open-access-to-federally-funded-research-data/"><span lang="KO">연방정부의</span> <span lang="KO">오픈 데이터</span> <span lang="KO">정책에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> Day One <span lang="KO">프로젝트</span> <span lang="KO">제안서</span></a></span><span lang="KO">를 같이 작성한</span> <span lang="KO">저자</span> <span lang="KO">중</span> <span lang="KO">한</span> <span lang="KO">명으로서</span> <span lang="KO">오픈 데이터의</span> <span lang="KO">중요성과</span> <span lang="KO">가치에 대해 확신할 뿐</span> <span lang="KO">아니라</span> <span lang="KO">이와 관련된</span> <span lang="KO">복잡성과</span> <span lang="KO">추가로 필요한 예산</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">단축된</span> <span lang="KO">일정</span> <span lang="KO">없이는</span> <span lang="KO">성공할</span> <span lang="KO">가능성이</span> <span lang="KO">낮다는</span> <span lang="KO">점 또한</span> <span lang="KO">확실히 보증할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="EN-IN">Nelson </span><span lang="KO">메모는</span> <span lang="KO">야심찬</span> <span lang="KO">정책</span> <span lang="KO">의제를 요약하고 있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이 정책이 성공하려면</span> <span lang="KO">신중한</span> <span lang="KO">계획과</span> <span lang="KO">발생할 수 있는</span><span lang="EN-IN"> 2</span><span lang="KO">차</span> <span lang="KO">효과</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">의도하지</span> <span lang="KO">않은</span> <span lang="KO">결과에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">명확한</span><span lang="KO">이해가</span> <span lang="KO">필요합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이전의</span><span lang="EN-IN"> Holdren </span><span lang="KO">메모와</span> <span lang="KO">마찬가지로</span> <span lang="KO">이와</span> <span lang="KO">같은</span> <span lang="KO">정책</span> <span lang="KO">문서들은</span> <span lang="KO">의도적으로</span> <span lang="KO">모호한 부분들이 있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이 문서들은 일련의</span> <span lang="KO">요구</span> <span lang="KO">사항들을 제시하고</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="KO">실제</span> <span lang="KO">세부</span> <span lang="KO">정보</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">구현은</span> <span lang="KO">연구비</span> <span lang="KO">지원기관에서</span> <span lang="KO">파악하도록</span> <span lang="KO">추진됩니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">연구비 지원 기관들이</span> <span lang="KO">계획을</span> <span lang="KO">종합적으로 수립할</span> <span lang="KO">때</span> <span lang="KO">실제</span> <span lang="KO">연구 데이터를</span> <span lang="KO">가져올</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있는</span> <span lang="KO">기회를 창출하고</span> <span lang="KO">최선의</span> <span lang="KO">진행</span> <span lang="KO">방법에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">이해가 수반되기를 바랍니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><strong><span lang="EN-IN">Tao Tao:</span></strong> <span lang="KO">이</span> <span lang="KO">새로운</span> <span lang="KO">연방정부 정책</span> <span lang="KO">지침이</span> <span lang="KO">발표된</span> <span lang="KO">이후로</span> <span lang="KO">모두가</span> <span lang="KO">그</span> <span lang="KO">영향에</span> <span lang="KO">대해</span> <span lang="KO">이야기하고</span> <span lang="KO">있는데</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">분명히 이러한 영향은</span> <span lang="KO">미국에만</span> <span lang="KO">국한되지</span> <span lang="KO">않을</span> <span lang="KO">것입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">다른</span> <span lang="KO">정부들이</span> <span lang="KO">어떤</span> <span lang="KO">반응을</span> <span lang="KO">보일지</span> <span lang="KO">궁금하지</span> <span lang="KO">않을</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">예를</span> <span lang="KO">들어</span><span lang="EN-IN">, “</span><span lang="KO">중국</span> <span lang="KO">정부도</span> <span lang="KO">곧</span> <span lang="KO">유사한</span> <span lang="KO">정책을</span> <span lang="KO">발표할</span> <span lang="KO">것인가</span><span lang="EN-IN">?” </span><span lang="KO">등의 의문을 가질 수 있는데</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span><span lang="KO">제</span> <span lang="KO">생각에는</span> <span lang="KO">그런</span> <span lang="KO">일은</span> <span lang="KO">일어나지</span> <span lang="KO">않을</span> <span lang="KO">것입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">많이 읽는 만큼</span> <span lang="KO">많이</span> <span lang="KO">출판하기도 하는</span> <span lang="KO">나라에서</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OA</span><span lang="KO">에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">정부의</span> <span lang="KO">접근</span> <span lang="KO">방식은</span> <span lang="KO">계속</span> <span lang="KO">발전하고</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">불과</span> <span lang="KO">몇</span> <span lang="KO">년</span> <span lang="KO">전만</span> <span lang="KO">해도</span> <span lang="KO">중국의 </span><span lang="EN-IN">OA</span><span lang="KO">에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">태도는</span> <span lang="KO">여전히</span> <span lang="KO">명확하게 정해지지 않았습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">베를린에서</span> <span lang="KO">열린</span> <span lang="KO">출판</span> <span lang="KO">회의에서</span> <span lang="KO">중국</span> <span lang="KO">위원회가</span> <span lang="KO">플랜</span><span lang="EN-IN"> S</span><span lang="KO">에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">전폭적인</span> <span lang="KO">지지를</span> <span lang="KO">발표했는데</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">이 발표가 </span><span lang="EN-IN">EU</span><span lang="KO">의</span> <span lang="KO">대담한 </span><span lang="EN-IN">OA</span><span lang="KO">정책을</span> <span lang="KO">지지하는</span> <span lang="KO">주요</span> <span lang="KO">중국</span> <span lang="KO">연구비</span> <span lang="KO">지원기관으로부터의</span> <span lang="KO">첫</span> <span lang="KO">공식</span> <span lang="KO">입장이었습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">그때도</span> <span lang="KO">중국</span><span lang="EN-IN"> STM (</span><span lang="KO">과학</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">기술 및 의학</span><span lang="EN-IN">) </span><span lang="KO">출판사들이</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OA </span><span lang="KO">지지자들은</span> <span lang="KO">도서관 운영자들이며</span> <span lang="KO">그들이</span> <span lang="KO">출판업계를</span> <span lang="KO">대표하지는</span> <span lang="KO">않는다고</span> <span lang="KO">말하는</span> <span lang="KO">것을</span> <span lang="KO">들었습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">그</span> <span lang="KO">당시에도</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OA </span><span lang="KO">저널을</span> <span lang="KO">약탈적</span> <span lang="KO">저널로</span> <span lang="KO">묘사하는</span> <span lang="KO">인기</span> <span lang="KO">게시물들도 많았습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">그러나</span> <span lang="KO">지난</span> <span lang="KO">몇</span> <span lang="KO">년</span> <span lang="KO">동안</span> <span lang="KO">이러한 </span><span lang="EN-IN">OA</span><span lang="KO">에 대한 태도가</span> <span lang="KO">조용히</span> <span lang="KO">바뀌었습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">비판의</span> <span lang="KO">목소리는</span> <span lang="KO">거의</span> <span lang="KO">사라졌고</span> <span lang="KO">현재</span> <span lang="KO">정부에서</span> <span lang="KO">주관하거나</span> <span lang="KO">후원하는</span> <span lang="KO">오픈 사이언스에</span> <span lang="KO">대해 논의하는</span> <span lang="KO">많은</span> <span lang="KO">웨비나들이</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">그러나</span> <span lang="EN-IN">OA</span><span lang="KO">에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">중국 정부의</span> <span lang="KO">태도가</span> <span lang="KO">더</span> <span lang="KO">이상</span> <span lang="KO">모호하지</span> <span lang="KO">않을</span> <span lang="KO">수도</span> <span lang="KO">있지만</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">전국적인</span> <span lang="KO">의무적</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OA </span><span lang="KO">정책이</span> <span lang="KO">곧</span> <span lang="KO">실현되기는</span> <span lang="KO">어려울</span> <span lang="KO">것입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p class="callout"><span lang="KO">중국</span> <span lang="KO">출판사가</span> <span lang="KO">소유한</span> <span lang="KO">저널에</span> <span lang="KO">게재되는 중국</span> <span lang="KO">논문은</span><span lang="EN-IN"> 5% </span><span lang="KO">미만에 불과합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이번의</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OSTP </span><span lang="KO">정책</span> <span lang="KO">발표는</span> <span lang="KO">중국이</span> <span lang="KO">자체 </span><span lang="EN-IN">STM </span><span lang="KO">출판을</span> <span lang="KO">더욱 발전시켜야 하는 중요성이 시급함을 시사합니다</span></p> <p>중국 논문저자들의 경우 OA 출판이 이전보다 더 받아들여지며 권장될 수는 있지만 저널의 출판 모델은 그 영향과 비교할 때 우려의 대상이 된 적이 없습니다. 이 미국의 의무 OA 정책으로 더 많은 출판사들이 OA로의 전환을 가속화하고 중국의 출판 예산이 필연적으로 증가할 것으로 예상할 수 있습니다. 여기에 한 가지 문제가 있는 데, 중국 출판사가 소유한 저널에 게재되는 중국 논문은 5% 미만에 불과합니다. 이번의 OSTP 정책 발표는 중국이 자체 STM 출판 생태계를 더욱 발전시켜야 하는 중요성이 시급함을 시사합니다. “조국에서의 논문 출판”이라는 말은 의문을 제기한다기 보다는 그대로 받아들여졌습니다. 이번의 새로운 정책이 중국 소유 저널들의 발전을 촉진하기 위한 더 강력한 계획으로 이어지더라도 특별히 놀라운 일은 아닐 것입니다.</p> <p><strong>Alison Muddit:  </strong><span lang="KO">제가 처음 보인 반응은</span> <span lang="EN-IN">“</span><span lang="KO">드디어</span><span lang="EN-IN">!!” </span><span lang="KO">였습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span> <span lang="KO">새</span> <span lang="KO">정책이</span> <span lang="KO">일부</span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">인문학</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">학회</span> <span lang="KO">출판사</span><span lang="EN-IN">,</span> <span lang="KO">분명한 예를 두 가지만 들면</span><span lang="EN-IN">)</span><span lang="KO">에게</span> <span lang="KO">초래하는</span> <span lang="KO">어려움을</span> <span lang="KO">간과하고자 하는</span> <span lang="KO">것은</span> <span lang="KO">아니지만</span> <span lang="KO">다른</span> <span lang="KO">셰프들이 이 논점에 대해서는</span> <span lang="KO">충분히 다루어 줄 것이라고</span> <span lang="KO">확신합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">새 정책은</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OA </span><span lang="KO">지지자뿐만</span> <span lang="KO">아니라</span> <span lang="KO">공평한</span> <span lang="KO">접근</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">연구에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">신뢰</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">과학적</span> <span lang="KO">진보를</span> <span lang="KO">위한</span> <span lang="KO">큰</span> <span lang="KO">승리의 의미를 가진다고 생각합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">저에게</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OA</span><span lang="KO">는</span> <span lang="KO">지속가능하고</span> <span lang="KO">공평하며</span> <span lang="KO">포용적인</span> <span lang="KO">오픈</span> <span lang="KO">사이언스로 향하는</span> <span lang="KO">미래의</span> <span lang="KO">핵심에 자리하고 있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <div> <p class="callout"><span lang="KO">새 정책은</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OA </span><span lang="KO">지지자뿐만</span> <span lang="KO">아니라</span> <span lang="KO">공평한</span> <span lang="KO">접근</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">연구에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">신뢰</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">과학적</span> <span lang="KO">진보를</span> <span lang="KO">위한</span> <span lang="KO">큰</span> <span lang="KO">승리의 의미를 가진다고 생각합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">저에게</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OA</span><span lang="KO">는</span> <span lang="KO">지속가능하고</span> <span lang="KO">공평하며</span> <span lang="KO">포용적인</span> <span lang="KO">오픈</span> <span lang="KO">사이언스로 향하는</span> <span lang="KO">미래의</span> <span lang="KO">핵심에 자리하고 있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">가장</span> <span lang="KO">중요한</span><span lang="KO"> 이</span><span lang="KO">점은</span> <span lang="KO">연구에</span> <span lang="KO">무료로</span> <span lang="KO">제약없이 접근할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있다는</span> <span lang="KO">것입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">연구가</span> <span lang="KO">그</span> <span lang="KO">어느</span> <span lang="KO">때보다</span> <span lang="KO">중요한</span> <span lang="KO">시기에</span> <span lang="KO">북반구 선진국 </span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="EN-IN">Global North)</span><span lang="KO">에서는</span><span lang="KO"> 이러한 오픈 리서치가 </span><span lang="KO">여전히</span> <span lang="KO">중요합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">국내</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">국제적</span> <span lang="KO">과제의</span> <span lang="KO">수와</span> <span lang="KO">규모는</span> <span lang="KO">전례 없이 증가했으며</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">이러한</span> <span lang="KO">문제들을</span> <span lang="KO">성공적으로</span> <span lang="KO">해결하려면</span> <span lang="KO">신뢰할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있는</span> <span lang="KO">연구에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">폭넓은</span> <span lang="KO">접근이</span> <span lang="KO">반드시 필요합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이 공개 접근 대상에 </span><span lang="KO">데이터를</span> <span lang="KO">포함하게 되면</span> <span lang="KO">정책의</span> <span lang="KO">영향이</span> <span lang="KO">증가하고</span><span lang="KO"> 연구 </span><span lang="KO">결과의</span> <span lang="KO">신뢰성과</span> <span lang="KO">견고성</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">나아가</span> <span lang="KO">과학의 신뢰성에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">이해가</span> <span lang="KO">증진될 것입니다 </span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">예</span><span lang="EN-IN">: &#8220;</span><span lang="KO">우리</span> <span lang="KO">주장에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">근거를</span> <span lang="KO">공유할</span> <span lang="KO">준비가</span> <span lang="KO">되어</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">&#8220;). </span><span lang="KO">또한</span> <span lang="KO">데이터를</span> <span lang="KO">진정으로</span> <span lang="EN-IN"><a href="https://force11.org/info/the-fair-data-principles/"><span lang="KO">공정하게</span></a></span> <span lang="KO">만드는</span> <span lang="KO">데</span> <span lang="KO">관련된</span><span lang="KO">많은</span> <span lang="KO">어려움들을</span> <span lang="KO">고려할</span> <span lang="KO">때</span> <span lang="KO">새 정책이</span> <span lang="KO">혁신에</span> <span lang="KO">박차를</span> <span lang="KO">가할</span> <span lang="KO">수</span> <span lang="KO">있는 기폭제로 작용하기를</span> <span lang="KO">바랍니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <div> <p class="callout"><span lang="KO">공개 접근 대상에 </span><span lang="KO">데이터를</span> <span lang="KO">포함하게 되면</span> <span lang="KO">정책의</span> <span lang="KO">영향이</span> <span lang="KO">증가하고</span><span lang="KO"> 연구 </span><span lang="KO">결과의</span> <span lang="KO">신뢰성과</span> <span lang="KO">견고성</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">나아가</span> <span lang="KO">과학의 신뢰성에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">이해가</span> <span lang="KO">증진될 것입니다 </span><span lang="EN-IN">(</span><span lang="KO">예</span><span lang="EN-IN">: &#8220;</span><span lang="KO">우리</span> <span lang="KO">주장에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">근거를</span> <span lang="KO">공유할</span> <span lang="KO">준비가</span> <span lang="KO">되어</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">&#8220;)</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">또한 지난</span><span lang="EN-IN"> 20</span><span lang="KO">년</span> <span lang="KO">동안</span> <span lang="KO">우리가</span> <span lang="KO">이룩한</span> <span lang="KO">발전에도</span> <span lang="KO">불구하고</span><span lang="EN-IN"> OA</span><span lang="KO">는</span> <span lang="KO">저소득</span> <span lang="KO">및</span> <span lang="KO">중간</span> <span lang="KO">소득</span> <span lang="KO">국가에서</span> <span lang="KO">여전히</span> <span lang="KO">중요합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이 국가들은</span> <span lang="KO">현재</span> <span lang="KO">기후</span> <span lang="KO">위기</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">환경</span> <span lang="KO">악화</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="KO">우크라이나</span> <span lang="KO">전쟁</span> <span lang="KO">등</span> <span lang="KO">북반구 선진국들</span><span lang="KO">로</span> <span lang="KO">인해</span> <span lang="KO">발생한</span> <span lang="KO">문제들을 감당하고</span> <span lang="KO">있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">이러한</span> <span lang="KO">문제를</span> <span lang="KO">해결하는</span> <span lang="KO">것은</span> <span lang="KO">연구</span> <span lang="KO">문헌에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">공개적이고</span> <span lang="KO">즉각적인</span> <span lang="KO">접근에서</span><span lang="KO">시작됩니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><span lang="KO">주요 의문점</span><span lang="EN-IN">: </span><span lang="EN-IN">Green OA </span><span lang="KO">접근법을</span> <span lang="KO">지지하는</span> <span lang="KO">것</span> <span lang="KO">이상의</span> <span lang="KO">비즈니스</span> <span lang="KO">모델에</span> <span lang="KO">대한</span> <span lang="KO">언급이</span> <span lang="KO">있었으면</span> <span lang="KO">합니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">대신</span><span lang="EN-IN">, </span><span lang="EN-IN">OA</span><span lang="KO">가</span> <span lang="KO">이루어지는</span> <span lang="KO">메커니즘이 개별</span> <span lang="KO">기관에</span> <span lang="KO">맡겨지고 있습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">예산 부족과</span> <span lang="KO">대형</span> <span lang="KO">상업</span> <span lang="KO">회사들의</span> <span lang="KO">고착된 영향력이 더 커질 위험 등을 무시할 수 없습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">그러나</span> <span lang="KO">지금은</span> <span lang="KO">제</span> <span lang="KO">마음 속의</span> <span lang="KO">낙관론자가 나서서 새</span> <span lang="KO">정책이</span> <span lang="KO">이</span> <span lang="KO">분야에서</span> <span lang="KO">오래 기다려왔던</span> <span lang="KO">혁신에</span> <span lang="KO">박차를</span> <span lang="KO">가하게 될</span> <span lang="KO">것이라고</span> <span lang="KO">믿습니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p> <div> <p><a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/?post_type=translation&amp;p=57174&amp;preview=true"><span lang="KO">셰프들이</span> <span lang="KO">제시한 의견들이 많아서</span> <span lang="KO">내일</span> <span lang="KO">나머지</span> <span lang="KO">답변들을 모아</span> <span lang="KO">게시할</span> <span lang="KO">예정입니다</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="KO">그 동안</span> <span lang="KO">댓글로</span> <span lang="KO">이 주제에 대해 함께 의견을 나누어 주십시오</span><span lang="EN-IN">!</span></a></p> <div> <p><em><b><span lang="EN-IN">“OSTP </span></b></em><em><b><span lang="KO">정책</span></b></em><b> </b><em><b><span lang="KO">발표를 보고 <u>귀하의 입장에서</u> 일차적으로 떠오르는 생각은</span></b></em><b> </b><em><b><span lang="KO">무엇입니까</span></b></em><em><b><span lang="EN-IN">?”</span></b></em></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> 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src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f80e12924786c3622b8be166de4f7007?s=250&d=mm&r=g" alt="Ann Michael" class="avatar author-card__image"> <div class="author-card__content"> <h2 class="author-card__heading">Ann Michael</h2> <div> <a href="https://twitter.com/annmichael" class="author-card__twitter" target="_blank">@annmichael</a> </div> <p class="author-card__bio">Ann Michael is Chief Transformation Officer at AIP Publishing, leading the Data &amp; Analytics, Product Innovation, Strategic Alignment Office, and Product Development and Operations teams. She also serves as Board Chair of Delta Think, a consultancy focused on strategy and innovation in scholarly communications. Throughout her career she has gained broad exposure to society and commercial scholarly publishers, librarians and library consortia, funders, and researchers. As an ardent believer in data informed decision-making, Ann was instrumental in the 2017 launch of the Delta Think Open Access Data &amp; Analytics Tool, which tracks and assesses the impact of open access uptake and policies on the scholarly communications ecosystem. Additionally, Ann has served as Chief Digital Officer at PLOS, charged with driving execution and operations as well as their overall digital and supporting data strategy.</p> <div> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/annmichael/" class="cta-link hidden-print">View All Posts by Ann Michael</a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="author-card"> <img src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dd8bcaed6d24073fbc583bdaa11a36bd?s=250&d=mm&r=g" alt="Tim Vines" class="avatar author-card__image"> <div class="author-card__content"> <h2 class="author-card__heading">Tim Vines</h2> <div> <a href="https://twitter.com/TimHVines" class="author-card__twitter" target="_blank">@TimHVines</a> </div> <p class="author-card__bio">Tim Vines is the Founder and Project Lead on DataSeer, an AI-based tool that helps authors, journals and other stakeholders with sharing research data. He's also a consultant with Origin Editorial, where he advises journals and publishers on peer review. Prior to that he founded Axios Review, an independent peer review company that helped authors find journals that wanted their paper. He was the Managing Editor for the journal Molecular Ecology for eight years, where he led their adoption of data sharing and numerous other initiatives. He has also published research papers on peer review, data sharing, and reproducibility (including one that was covered by Vanity Fair). He has a PhD in evolutionary ecology from the University of Edinburgh and now lives in Vancouver, Canada.</p> <div> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/timvines/" class="cta-link hidden-print">View All Posts by Tim Vines</a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="author-card"> <img src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5f1ab5335664cc64d4bfb5ffef879186?s=250&d=mm&r=g" alt="Robert Harington" class="avatar author-card__image"> <div class="author-card__content"> <h2 class="author-card__heading">Robert Harington</h2> <div> <a href="https://twitter.com/rharington" class="author-card__twitter" target="_blank">@rharington</a> </div> <p class="author-card__bio">Robert Harington is Chief Publishing Officer at the American Mathematical Society (AMS). Robert has the overall responsibility for publishing at the AMS, including books, journals and electronic products.</p> <div> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/robertharington/" class="cta-link hidden-print">View All Posts by Robert Harington</a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="author-card"> <img src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/49194f0d60398e09cdbbf70da83dadd9?s=250&d=mm&r=g" alt="David Crotty" class="avatar author-card__image"> <div class="author-card__content"> <h2 class="author-card__heading">David Crotty</h2> <div> <a href="https://twitter.com/davidacrotty" class="author-card__twitter" target="_blank">@davidacrotty</a> </div> <p class="author-card__bio">David Crotty is a Senior Consultant at Clarke &amp; Esposito, a boutique management consulting firm focused on strategic issues related to professional and academic publishing and information services. Previously, David was the Editorial Director, Journals Policy for Oxford University Press. He oversaw journal policy across OUP’s journals program, drove technological innovation, and served as an information officer. David acquired and managed a suite of research society-owned journals with OUP, and before that was the Executive Editor for Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, where he created and edited new science books and journals, along with serving as a journal Editor-in-Chief. He has served on the Board of Directors for the STM Association, the Society for Scholarly Publishing and CHOR, Inc., as well as The AAP-PSP Executive Council. David received his PhD in Genetics from Columbia University and did developmental neuroscience research at Caltech before moving from the bench to publishing.</p> <div> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/dacrotty/" class="cta-link hidden-print">View All Posts by David Crotty</a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="author-card"> <img src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8c5decac41599bf04797b591b63a7e9f?s=250&d=mm&r=g" alt="Tao Tao" class="avatar author-card__image"> <div class="author-card__content"> <h2 class="author-card__heading">Tao Tao</h2> <div> <a href="https://twitter.com/taotao56162800" class="author-card__twitter" target="_blank">@taotao56162800</a> </div> <p class="author-card__bio">Tao Tao is the Managing Editor of JACC: Asia at American College of Cardiology.</p> <div> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/tao-tao/" class="cta-link hidden-print">View All Posts by Tao Tao</a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="author-card"> <img src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/da6f76bcf39617422b515f65502effec?s=250&d=mm&r=g" alt="Alison Mudditt" class="avatar author-card__image"> <div class="author-card__content"> <h2 class="author-card__heading">Alison Mudditt</h2> <div> <a href="https://twitter.com/alison_mudditt" class="author-card__twitter" target="_blank">@alison_mudditt</a> </div> <p class="author-card__bio">Alison Mudditt joined PLOS as CEO in 2017, having previously served as Director of the University of California Press and Executive Vice President at SAGE Publications. Her 30 years in publishing also include leadership positions at Blackwell and Taylor &amp; Francis. Alison also serves on the Board of Directors of SSP and the Center for Open Science.</p> <div> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/amudditt/" class="cta-link hidden-print">View All Posts by Alison Mudditt</a> </div> </div> </article> <div class="ad ad--leaderboard ad--article-comments"> <!-- /220861129/tsk-article-comments-2016-12 --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1481750508871-0'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1481750508871-0'); }); </script> </div> </div> <section class="container-comments hidden-print" id="comments"> <header class="comments-header"> <h2 class="comments-header__title">Discussion</h2> </header> <div class="comment-form hidden-print"> <div id="respond" class="comment-respond"> <h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Leave a Comment <small><a rel="nofollow" id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/translation/%ec%85%b0%ed%94%84%eb%93%a4%ec%97%90%ea%b2%8c-%eb%ac%bb%eb%8a%94%eb%8b%a4-ostp-%ec%a0%95%ec%b1%85-%ed%8c%8c%ed%8a%b8-i/#respond" style="display:none;">Cancel reply</a></small></h3><form action="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-comments-post.php?wpe-comment-post=scholarlykitch" method="post" id="commentform" class="comment-form"><div class="comment-form__group"><textarea class="comment-form__textarea" name="comment" placeholder="Enter Your Comment Here..." cols="35" rows="5" required></textarea></div><div class="comment-form__group"><input class="comment-form__field" name="author" size="30" type="text" placeholder="Name" value="" required></div> <div class="comment-form__group"><input class="comment-form__field" name="email" size="30" type="email" placeholder="Email" value="" required></div> <p class="form-submit"><input name="submit" type="submit" id="submit" class="btn" value="Submit" /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_post_ID' value='57173' id='comment_post_ID' /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_parent' id='comment_parent' value='0' /> </p><p style="display: none;"><input type="hidden" id="akismet_comment_nonce" name="akismet_comment_nonce" value="a27490b03b" /></p><p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>&#916;<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_1" name="ak_js" value="145"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div><!-- #respond --> </div> </section> </article> </main> <aside class="sidebar col col-lg-4" role="complementary"> <div class="sidebox sidebox--authors"> <h4 class="sidebox--authors__logo-heading">Official Blog of:</h4> <a href="https://www.sspnet.org/" rel="external"> <img class="ssp-logo" src="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/wp-content/themes/bedstone/images/ssp-logo-sidebar.png" alt="Society for Scholarly Publishing (SSP)"> </a> <h3 class="sidebox--authors__heading">The Chefs</h3> <ul class="chef-list"> <li> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/planxty/" title="Rick Anderson"> <img src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/5a5be2e85a4d89ae4c64a45bd7d82846?s=96&d=mm&r=g" alt="Rick Anderson" class="avatar"> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/toddacarpenter/" title="Todd A Carpenter"> <img src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/75ee010c853d5de2a14dd94f996d18f9?s=96&d=mm&r=g" alt="Todd A Carpenter" class="avatar"> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/acochran881/" title="Angela Cochran"> <img src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/90640ab40f3437ab7802d8f55b653ecf?s=96&d=mm&r=g" alt="Angela Cochran" class="avatar"> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/author/lettiephd/" title="Lettie Y. 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