CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Asra Hameed | Jinnah University For Women - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "profiles/works", 'action': "summary", 'controller_action': 'profiles/works#summary', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="NeKrQs1zkjMb8W5X1eBg0MF-btzfyjzBRxUKJCb4Hmke58ytZeVZ9AvBI8LEkw4FKX6QLqwih8afvnjQPN35Jw" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow-3d36c19b4875b226bfed0fcba1dcea3f2fe61148383d97c0465c016b8c969290.css" media="all" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/social/home-79e78ce59bef0a338eb6540ec3d93b4a7952115b56c57f1760943128f4544d42.css" media="all" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/figure_carousel-2004283e0948681916eefa74772df54f56cb5c7413d82b160212231c2f474bb3.css" media="all" /><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ProfilePage","mainEntity":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed","image":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11808804/3408458/13804116/s200_asra.hameed.jpg","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/dr.asra"]},"dateCreated":"2014-05-05T12:12:06-07:00","dateModified":"2024-06-04T16:27:00-07:00","name":"Asra Hameed","description":"","image":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11808804/3408458/13804116/s200_asra.hameed.jpg","thumbnailUrl":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11808804/3408458/13804116/s65_asra.hameed.jpg","primaryImageOfPage":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11808804/3408458/13804116/s200_asra.hameed.jpg","width":200},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/dr.asra"],"relatedLink":"https://www.academia.edu/98259429/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"}</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/heading-95367dc03b794f6737f30123738a886cf53b7a65cdef98a922a98591d60063e3.css" media="all" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-8c9ae4b5c8a2531640c354d92a1f3579c8ff103277ef74913e34c8a76d4e6c00.css" media="all" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-170d1319f0e354621e81ca17054bb147da2856ec0702fe440a99af314a6338c5.css" media="all" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/figure_carousel-2004283e0948681916eefa74772df54f56cb5c7413d82b160212231c2f474bb3.css" media="all" /><style type="text/css">@media(max-width: 567px){:root{--token-mode: Parity;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: #082f75;--button-primary-icon-inverse: #0645b1;--button-primary-fill-inverse-hover: #cddaef;--button-primary-stroke-inverse-pressed: #0645b1;--button-secondary-stroke-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-fill: #eef2f9;--button-secondary-text: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-press: #cddaef;--button-secondary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-secondary-stroke: #cddaef;--button-secondary-stroke-hover: #386ac1;--button-secondary-stroke-press: #0645b1;--button-secondary-text-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-icon: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-hover: #e6ecf7;--button-secondary-stroke-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-fill-inverse: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);--button-secondary-icon-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-icon-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-icon-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-text-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-inverse-hover: #043059;--button-xs-stroke: #141413;--button-xs-stroke-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-stroke-press: #082f75;--button-xs-stroke-inactive: #ebebee;--button-xs-text: #141413;--button-xs-text-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-text-press: #082f75;--button-xs-text-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-icon: #141413;--button-xs-icon-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-icon-press: #082f75;--button-xs-icon-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-fill: #ffffff;--button-xs-fill-hover: #f4f7fc;--button-xs-fill-press: #eef2f9;--buttons-button-text-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-button-focus: #0645b1;--buttons-button-icon-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 12px;--buttons-small-buttons-height: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-only-width: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-large-buttons-l-r-padding: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-height: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-only-width: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 8px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-height: 32px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-icon-size: 16px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-gap: 4px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--background-beige: #f9f7f4;--error-light: #fff2f2;--text-placeholder: #6d6d7d;--stroke-dark: #141413;--stroke-light: #dddde2;--stroke-medium: #535366;--accent-green: #ccffd4;--accent-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--accent-yellow: #f7ffcc;--accent-peach: #ffd4cc;--accent-violet: #f7ccff;--accent-purple: #f4f7fc;--text-primary: #141413;--secondary-brand: #141413;--text-hover: #0c3b8d;--text-white: #ffffff;--text-link: #0645b1;--text-press: #082f75;--success-light: #f0f8f1;--background-light-blue: #eef2f9;--background-white: #ffffff;--premium-dark: #877440;--premium-light: #f9f6ed;--stroke-white: #ffffff;--inactive-content: #b1b1ba;--annotate-light: #a35dff;--annotate-dark: #824acc;--grid: #eef2f9;--inactive-stroke: #ebebee;--shadow: rgba(34, 34, 51, 0.25);--text-inactive: #6d6d7d;--text-error: #b60000;--stroke-error: #b60000;--background-error: #fff2f2;--background-black: #141413;--icon-default: #141413;--icon-blue: #0645b1;--background-grey: #dddde2;--icon-grey: #b1b1ba;--text-focus: #082f75;--brand-colors-neutral-black: #141413;--brand-colors-neutral-900: #535366;--brand-colors-neutral-800: #6d6d7d;--brand-colors-neutral-700: #91919e;--brand-colors-neutral-600: #b1b1ba;--brand-colors-neutral-500: #c8c8cf;--brand-colors-neutral-400: #dddde2;--brand-colors-neutral-300: #ebebee;--brand-colors-neutral-200: #f8f8fb;--brand-colors-neutral-100: #fafafa;--brand-colors-neutral-white: #ffffff;--brand-colors-blue-900: #043059;--brand-colors-blue-800: #082f75;--brand-colors-blue-700: #0c3b8d;--brand-colors-blue-600: #0645b1;--brand-colors-blue-500: #386ac1;--brand-colors-blue-400: #cddaef;--brand-colors-blue-300: #e6ecf7;--brand-colors-blue-200: #eef2f9;--brand-colors-blue-100: #f4f7fc;--brand-colors-gold-500: #877440;--brand-colors-gold-400: #e9e3d4;--brand-colors-gold-300: #f2efe8;--brand-colors-gold-200: #f9f6ed;--brand-colors-gold-100: #f9f7f4;--brand-colors-error-900: #920000;--brand-colors-error-500: #b60000;--brand-colors-success-900: #035c0f;--brand-colors-green: #ccffd4;--brand-colors-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--brand-colors-yellow: #f7ffcc;--brand-colors-peach: #ffd4cc;--brand-colors-violet: #f7ccff;--brand-colors-error-100: #fff2f2;--brand-colors-success-500: #05b01c;--brand-colors-success-100: #f0f8f1;--text-secondary: #535366;--icon-white: #ffffff;--background-beige-darker: #f2efe8;--icon-dark-grey: #535366;--type-font-family-sans-serif: Roboto;--type-font-family-serif: Georgia;--type-font-family-mono: IBM Plex Mono;--type-weights-300: 300;--type-weights-400: 400;--type-weights-500: 500;--type-weights-700: 700;--type-sizes-12: 12px;--type-sizes-14: 14px;--type-sizes-16: 16px;--type-sizes-18: 18px;--type-sizes-20: 20px;--type-sizes-22: 22px;--type-sizes-24: 24px;--type-sizes-28: 28px;--type-sizes-30: 30px;--type-sizes-32: 32px;--type-sizes-40: 40px;--type-sizes-42: 42px;--type-sizes-48-2: 48px;--type-line-heights-16: 16px;--type-line-heights-20: 20px;--type-line-heights-23: 23px;--type-line-heights-24: 24px;--type-line-heights-25: 25px;--type-line-heights-26: 26px;--type-line-heights-29: 29px;--type-line-heights-30: 30px;--type-line-heights-32: 32px;--type-line-heights-34: 34px;--type-line-heights-35: 35px;--type-line-heights-36: 36px;--type-line-heights-38: 38px;--type-line-heights-40: 40px;--type-line-heights-46: 46px;--type-line-heights-48: 48px;--type-line-heights-52: 52px;--type-line-heights-58: 58px;--type-line-heights-68: 68px;--type-line-heights-74: 74px;--type-line-heights-82: 82px;--type-paragraph-spacings-0: 0px;--type-paragraph-spacings-4: 4px;--type-paragraph-spacings-8: 8px;--type-paragraph-spacings-16: 16px;--type-sans-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-xl-size: 32px;--type-sans-serif-xl-line-height: 46px;--type-sans-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-lg-size: 30px;--type-sans-serif-lg-line-height: 36px;--type-sans-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-md-line-height: 30px;--type-sans-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-size: 24px;--type-sans-serif-xs-font-weight: 700;--type-sans-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-sans-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-sans-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-sans-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-sm-line-height: 32px;--type-sans-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-sm-size: 20px;--type-body-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xl-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-line-height: 36px;--type-body-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-body-sm-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xs-size: 12px;--type-body-xs-line-height: 16px;--type-body-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-md-font-weight: 400;--type-body-md-size: 16px;--type-body-md-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-body-lg-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-line-height: 26px;--type-body-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-lg-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-lg-medium-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-medium-line-height: 32px;--type-body-lg-medium-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-md-medium-size: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-medium-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-sm-bold-font-weight: 700;--type-body-sm-bold-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-bold-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-bold-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-sm-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-sm-medium-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-medium-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-md-size: 32px;--type-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-md-line-height: 40px;--type-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-sm-size: 24px;--type-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-sm-line-height: 26px;--type-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-lg-size: 48px;--type-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-lg-line-height: 52px;--type-serif-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xl-size: 48px;--type-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-line-height: 58px;--type-mono-md-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-md-size: 22px;--type-mono-md-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-lg-size: 40px;--type-mono-lg-line-height: 40px;--type-mono-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-sm-size: 14px;--type-mono-sm-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--spacing-xs-4: 4px;--spacing-xs-8: 8px;--spacing-xs-16: 16px;--spacing-sm-24: 24px;--spacing-sm-32: 32px;--spacing-md-40: 40px;--spacing-md-48: 48px;--spacing-lg-64: 64px;--spacing-lg-80: 80px;--spacing-xlg-104: 104px;--spacing-xlg-152: 152px;--spacing-xs-12: 12px;--spacing-page-section: 80px;--spacing-card-list-spacing: 48px;--spacing-text-section-spacing: 64px;--spacing-md-xs-headings: 40px;--corner-radius-radius-lg: 16px;--corner-radius-radius-sm: 4px;--corner-radius-radius-md: 8px;--corner-radius-radius-round: 104px}}@media(min-width: 568px)and (max-width: 1279px){:root{--token-mode: Parity;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: #082f75;--button-primary-icon-inverse: #0645b1;--button-primary-fill-inverse-hover: #cddaef;--button-primary-stroke-inverse-pressed: #0645b1;--button-secondary-stroke-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-fill: #eef2f9;--button-secondary-text: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-press: #cddaef;--button-secondary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-secondary-stroke: #cddaef;--button-secondary-stroke-hover: #386ac1;--button-secondary-stroke-press: #0645b1;--button-secondary-text-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-icon: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-hover: #e6ecf7;--button-secondary-stroke-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-fill-inverse: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);--button-secondary-icon-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-icon-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-icon-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-text-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-inverse-hover: #043059;--button-xs-stroke: #141413;--button-xs-stroke-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-stroke-press: #082f75;--button-xs-stroke-inactive: #ebebee;--button-xs-text: #141413;--button-xs-text-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-text-press: #082f75;--button-xs-text-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-icon: #141413;--button-xs-icon-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-icon-press: #082f75;--button-xs-icon-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-fill: #ffffff;--button-xs-fill-hover: #f4f7fc;--button-xs-fill-press: #eef2f9;--buttons-button-text-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-button-focus: #0645b1;--buttons-button-icon-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 12px;--buttons-small-buttons-height: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-only-width: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-large-buttons-l-r-padding: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-height: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-only-width: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 8px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-height: 32px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-icon-size: 16px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-gap: 4px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--background-beige: #f9f7f4;--error-light: #fff2f2;--text-placeholder: #6d6d7d;--stroke-dark: #141413;--stroke-light: #dddde2;--stroke-medium: #535366;--accent-green: #ccffd4;--accent-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--accent-yellow: #f7ffcc;--accent-peach: #ffd4cc;--accent-violet: #f7ccff;--accent-purple: #f4f7fc;--text-primary: #141413;--secondary-brand: #141413;--text-hover: #0c3b8d;--text-white: #ffffff;--text-link: #0645b1;--text-press: #082f75;--success-light: #f0f8f1;--background-light-blue: #eef2f9;--background-white: #ffffff;--premium-dark: #877440;--premium-light: #f9f6ed;--stroke-white: #ffffff;--inactive-content: #b1b1ba;--annotate-light: #a35dff;--annotate-dark: #824acc;--grid: #eef2f9;--inactive-stroke: #ebebee;--shadow: rgba(34, 34, 51, 0.25);--text-inactive: #6d6d7d;--text-error: #b60000;--stroke-error: #b60000;--background-error: #fff2f2;--background-black: #141413;--icon-default: #141413;--icon-blue: #0645b1;--background-grey: #dddde2;--icon-grey: #b1b1ba;--text-focus: #082f75;--brand-colors-neutral-black: #141413;--brand-colors-neutral-900: #535366;--brand-colors-neutral-800: #6d6d7d;--brand-colors-neutral-700: #91919e;--brand-colors-neutral-600: #b1b1ba;--brand-colors-neutral-500: #c8c8cf;--brand-colors-neutral-400: #dddde2;--brand-colors-neutral-300: #ebebee;--brand-colors-neutral-200: #f8f8fb;--brand-colors-neutral-100: #fafafa;--brand-colors-neutral-white: #ffffff;--brand-colors-blue-900: #043059;--brand-colors-blue-800: #082f75;--brand-colors-blue-700: #0c3b8d;--brand-colors-blue-600: #0645b1;--brand-colors-blue-500: #386ac1;--brand-colors-blue-400: #cddaef;--brand-colors-blue-300: #e6ecf7;--brand-colors-blue-200: #eef2f9;--brand-colors-blue-100: #f4f7fc;--brand-colors-gold-500: #877440;--brand-colors-gold-400: #e9e3d4;--brand-colors-gold-300: #f2efe8;--brand-colors-gold-200: #f9f6ed;--brand-colors-gold-100: #f9f7f4;--brand-colors-error-900: #920000;--brand-colors-error-500: #b60000;--brand-colors-success-900: #035c0f;--brand-colors-green: #ccffd4;--brand-colors-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--brand-colors-yellow: #f7ffcc;--brand-colors-peach: #ffd4cc;--brand-colors-violet: #f7ccff;--brand-colors-error-100: #fff2f2;--brand-colors-success-500: #05b01c;--brand-colors-success-100: #f0f8f1;--text-secondary: #535366;--icon-white: #ffffff;--background-beige-darker: #f2efe8;--icon-dark-grey: #535366;--type-font-family-sans-serif: Roboto;--type-font-family-serif: Georgia;--type-font-family-mono: IBM Plex Mono;--type-weights-300: 300;--type-weights-400: 400;--type-weights-500: 500;--type-weights-700: 700;--type-sizes-12: 12px;--type-sizes-14: 14px;--type-sizes-16: 16px;--type-sizes-18: 18px;--type-sizes-20: 20px;--type-sizes-22: 22px;--type-sizes-24: 24px;--type-sizes-28: 28px;--type-sizes-30: 30px;--type-sizes-32: 32px;--type-sizes-40: 40px;--type-sizes-42: 42px;--type-sizes-48-2: 48px;--type-line-heights-16: 16px;--type-line-heights-20: 20px;--type-line-heights-23: 23px;--type-line-heights-24: 24px;--type-line-heights-25: 25px;--type-line-heights-26: 26px;--type-line-heights-29: 29px;--type-line-heights-30: 30px;--type-line-heights-32: 32px;--type-line-heights-34: 34px;--type-line-heights-35: 35px;--type-line-heights-36: 36px;--type-line-heights-38: 38px;--type-line-heights-40: 40px;--type-line-heights-46: 46px;--type-line-heights-48: 48px;--type-line-heights-52: 52px;--type-line-heights-58: 58px;--type-line-heights-68: 68px;--type-line-heights-74: 74px;--type-line-heights-82: 82px;--type-paragraph-spacings-0: 0px;--type-paragraph-spacings-4: 4px;--type-paragraph-spacings-8: 8px;--type-paragraph-spacings-16: 16px;--type-sans-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-xl-size: 42px;--type-sans-serif-xl-line-height: 46px;--type-sans-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-lg-size: 32px;--type-sans-serif-lg-line-height: 36px;--type-sans-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-md-line-height: 34px;--type-sans-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-size: 28px;--type-sans-serif-xs-font-weight: 700;--type-sans-serif-xs-line-height: 25px;--type-sans-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-sans-serif-xs-size: 20px;--type-sans-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-sm-line-height: 30px;--type-sans-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-sm-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xl-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-line-height: 36px;--type-body-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-body-sm-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xs-size: 12px;--type-body-xs-line-height: 16px;--type-body-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-md-font-weight: 400;--type-body-md-size: 16px;--type-body-md-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-body-lg-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-line-height: 26px;--type-body-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-lg-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-lg-medium-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-medium-line-height: 32px;--type-body-lg-medium-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-md-medium-size: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-medium-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-sm-bold-font-weight: 700;--type-body-sm-bold-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-bold-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-bold-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-sm-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-sm-medium-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-medium-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-md-size: 40px;--type-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-md-line-height: 48px;--type-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-sm-size: 28px;--type-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-sm-line-height: 32px;--type-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-lg-size: 58px;--type-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-lg-line-height: 68px;--type-serif-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xl-size: 74px;--type-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-line-height: 82px;--type-mono-md-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-md-size: 22px;--type-mono-md-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-lg-size: 40px;--type-mono-lg-line-height: 40px;--type-mono-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-sm-size: 14px;--type-mono-sm-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--spacing-xs-4: 4px;--spacing-xs-8: 8px;--spacing-xs-16: 16px;--spacing-sm-24: 24px;--spacing-sm-32: 32px;--spacing-md-40: 40px;--spacing-md-48: 48px;--spacing-lg-64: 64px;--spacing-lg-80: 80px;--spacing-xlg-104: 104px;--spacing-xlg-152: 152px;--spacing-xs-12: 12px;--spacing-page-section: 104px;--spacing-card-list-spacing: 48px;--spacing-text-section-spacing: 80px;--spacing-md-xs-headings: 40px;--corner-radius-radius-lg: 16px;--corner-radius-radius-sm: 4px;--corner-radius-radius-md: 8px;--corner-radius-radius-round: 104px}}@media(min-width: 1280px){:root{--token-mode: Parity;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: #082f75;--button-primary-icon-inverse: #0645b1;--button-primary-fill-inverse-hover: #cddaef;--button-primary-stroke-inverse-pressed: #0645b1;--button-secondary-stroke-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-fill: #eef2f9;--button-secondary-text: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-press: #cddaef;--button-secondary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-secondary-stroke: #cddaef;--button-secondary-stroke-hover: #386ac1;--button-secondary-stroke-press: #0645b1;--button-secondary-text-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-icon: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-hover: #e6ecf7;--button-secondary-stroke-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-fill-inverse: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);--button-secondary-icon-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-icon-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-icon-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-text-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-inverse-hover: #043059;--button-xs-stroke: #141413;--button-xs-stroke-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-stroke-press: #082f75;--button-xs-stroke-inactive: #ebebee;--button-xs-text: #141413;--button-xs-text-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-text-press: #082f75;--button-xs-text-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-icon: #141413;--button-xs-icon-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-icon-press: #082f75;--button-xs-icon-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-fill: #ffffff;--button-xs-fill-hover: #f4f7fc;--button-xs-fill-press: #eef2f9;--buttons-button-text-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-button-focus: #0645b1;--buttons-button-icon-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 12px;--buttons-small-buttons-height: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-only-width: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-large-buttons-l-r-padding: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-height: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-only-width: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 8px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-height: 32px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-icon-size: 16px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-gap: 4px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--background-beige: #f9f7f4;--error-light: #fff2f2;--text-placeholder: #6d6d7d;--stroke-dark: #141413;--stroke-light: #dddde2;--stroke-medium: #535366;--accent-green: #ccffd4;--accent-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--accent-yellow: #f7ffcc;--accent-peach: #ffd4cc;--accent-violet: #f7ccff;--accent-purple: #f4f7fc;--text-primary: #141413;--secondary-brand: #141413;--text-hover: #0c3b8d;--text-white: #ffffff;--text-link: #0645b1;--text-press: #082f75;--success-light: #f0f8f1;--background-light-blue: #eef2f9;--background-white: #ffffff;--premium-dark: #877440;--premium-light: #f9f6ed;--stroke-white: #ffffff;--inactive-content: #b1b1ba;--annotate-light: #a35dff;--annotate-dark: #824acc;--grid: #eef2f9;--inactive-stroke: #ebebee;--shadow: rgba(34, 34, 51, 0.25);--text-inactive: #6d6d7d;--text-error: #b60000;--stroke-error: #b60000;--background-error: #fff2f2;--background-black: #141413;--icon-default: #141413;--icon-blue: #0645b1;--background-grey: #dddde2;--icon-grey: #b1b1ba;--text-focus: #082f75;--brand-colors-neutral-black: #141413;--brand-colors-neutral-900: #535366;--brand-colors-neutral-800: #6d6d7d;--brand-colors-neutral-700: #91919e;--brand-colors-neutral-600: #b1b1ba;--brand-colors-neutral-500: #c8c8cf;--brand-colors-neutral-400: #dddde2;--brand-colors-neutral-300: #ebebee;--brand-colors-neutral-200: #f8f8fb;--brand-colors-neutral-100: #fafafa;--brand-colors-neutral-white: #ffffff;--brand-colors-blue-900: #043059;--brand-colors-blue-800: #082f75;--brand-colors-blue-700: #0c3b8d;--brand-colors-blue-600: #0645b1;--brand-colors-blue-500: #386ac1;--brand-colors-blue-400: #cddaef;--brand-colors-blue-300: #e6ecf7;--brand-colors-blue-200: #eef2f9;--brand-colors-blue-100: #f4f7fc;--brand-colors-gold-500: #877440;--brand-colors-gold-400: #e9e3d4;--brand-colors-gold-300: #f2efe8;--brand-colors-gold-200: #f9f6ed;--brand-colors-gold-100: #f9f7f4;--brand-colors-error-900: #920000;--brand-colors-error-500: #b60000;--brand-colors-success-900: #035c0f;--brand-colors-green: #ccffd4;--brand-colors-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--brand-colors-yellow: #f7ffcc;--brand-colors-peach: #ffd4cc;--brand-colors-violet: #f7ccff;--brand-colors-error-100: #fff2f2;--brand-colors-success-500: #05b01c;--brand-colors-success-100: #f0f8f1;--text-secondary: #535366;--icon-white: #ffffff;--background-beige-darker: #f2efe8;--icon-dark-grey: #535366;--type-font-family-sans-serif: Roboto;--type-font-family-serif: Georgia;--type-font-family-mono: IBM Plex Mono;--type-weights-300: 300;--type-weights-400: 400;--type-weights-500: 500;--type-weights-700: 700;--type-sizes-12: 12px;--type-sizes-14: 14px;--type-sizes-16: 16px;--type-sizes-18: 18px;--type-sizes-20: 20px;--type-sizes-22: 22px;--type-sizes-24: 24px;--type-sizes-28: 28px;--type-sizes-30: 30px;--type-sizes-32: 32px;--type-sizes-40: 40px;--type-sizes-42: 42px;--type-sizes-48-2: 48px;--type-line-heights-16: 16px;--type-line-heights-20: 20px;--type-line-heights-23: 23px;--type-line-heights-24: 24px;--type-line-heights-25: 25px;--type-line-heights-26: 26px;--type-line-heights-29: 29px;--type-line-heights-30: 30px;--type-line-heights-32: 32px;--type-line-heights-34: 34px;--type-line-heights-35: 35px;--type-line-heights-36: 36px;--type-line-heights-38: 38px;--type-line-heights-40: 40px;--type-line-heights-46: 46px;--type-line-heights-48: 48px;--type-line-heights-52: 52px;--type-line-heights-58: 58px;--type-line-heights-68: 68px;--type-line-heights-74: 74px;--type-line-heights-82: 82px;--type-paragraph-spacings-0: 0px;--type-paragraph-spacings-4: 4px;--type-paragraph-spacings-8: 8px;--type-paragraph-spacings-16: 16px;--type-sans-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-xl-size: 42px;--type-sans-serif-xl-line-height: 46px;--type-sans-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-lg-size: 32px;--type-sans-serif-lg-line-height: 38px;--type-sans-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-md-line-height: 34px;--type-sans-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-size: 28px;--type-sans-serif-xs-font-weight: 700;--type-sans-serif-xs-line-height: 25px;--type-sans-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-sans-serif-xs-size: 20px;--type-sans-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-sm-line-height: 30px;--type-sans-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-sm-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xl-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-line-height: 36px;--type-body-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-body-sm-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xs-size: 12px;--type-body-xs-line-height: 16px;--type-body-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-md-font-weight: 400;--type-body-md-size: 16px;--type-body-md-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-body-lg-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-line-height: 26px;--type-body-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-lg-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-lg-medium-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-medium-line-height: 32px;--type-body-lg-medium-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-md-medium-size: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-medium-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-sm-bold-font-weight: 700;--type-body-sm-bold-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-bold-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-bold-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-sm-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-sm-medium-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-medium-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-md-size: 40px;--type-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-md-line-height: 48px;--type-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-sm-size: 28px;--type-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-sm-line-height: 32px;--type-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-lg-size: 58px;--type-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-lg-line-height: 68px;--type-serif-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xl-size: 74px;--type-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-line-height: 82px;--type-mono-md-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-md-size: 22px;--type-mono-md-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-lg-size: 40px;--type-mono-lg-line-height: 40px;--type-mono-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-sm-size: 14px;--type-mono-sm-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--spacing-xs-4: 4px;--spacing-xs-8: 8px;--spacing-xs-16: 16px;--spacing-sm-24: 24px;--spacing-sm-32: 32px;--spacing-md-40: 40px;--spacing-md-48: 48px;--spacing-lg-64: 64px;--spacing-lg-80: 80px;--spacing-xlg-104: 104px;--spacing-xlg-152: 152px;--spacing-xs-12: 12px;--spacing-page-section: 152px;--spacing-card-list-spacing: 48px;--spacing-text-section-spacing: 80px;--spacing-md-xs-headings: 40px;--corner-radius-radius-lg: 16px;--corner-radius-radius-sm: 4px;--corner-radius-radius-md: 8px;--corner-radius-radius-round: 104px}}</style><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-57f9da13cef3fd4e2a8b655342c6488eded3e557e823fe67571f2ac77acd7b6f.css" media="all" /> <meta name="author" content="asra hameed" /> <meta name="description" content="Asra Hameed, Jinnah University For Women: 143 Followers, 33 Following, 43 Research papers. Research interests: Pharmacy, Pharmacology, and Prescribing." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'works'; var $action_name = "summary"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '70112c3ef4961053d6764c542a4ef695031bfce1'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":13895,"monthly_visitors":"31 million","monthly_visitor_count":31300000,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":31,"user_count":286254370,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1743644865000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1743644865000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" media="all" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-9982828ed1de4777566441c35ccf7157c55ca779141fce69380d727ebdbbb926.css" media="all" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" media="all" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-ea9e09e22b561126b0d4119ad33eee5d92cc3c2c850b903dfd540d5d5bbafa8f.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-7619a748322c52a5dde35876bf9572375d489ce6dc0f5c94eadf71c265acf5fb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed" /> </head>   <body class='c-profiles/works a-summary logged_out'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/profile.wjs-bundle-0d4749eb637d9acf3f125ef24206483a8378882ab36d57629c053436c6027b15.js" defer="defer"></script><script>$viewedUser = Aedu.User.set_viewed( {"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11808804/3408458/13804116/s65_asra.hameed.jpg","has_photo":true,"department":{"id":342224,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/Departments/Pharmacy/Documents","university":{"id":27562,"name":"Jinnah University For Women","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/"}},"position":"Graduate Student","position_id":3,"is_analytics_public":true,"interests":[{"id":656,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy"},{"id":140,"name":"Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology"},{"id":73087,"name":"Prescribing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prescribing"},{"id":161226,"name":"Cephalosporins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cephalosporins"},{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"},{"id":4553,"name":"Toxicology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toxicology"},{"id":382483,"name":"Anti-inflammatory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anti-inflammatory"},{"id":5398,"name":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biotechnology"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":405347,"name":"Pharmaceutical Formulation Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Formulation_Technology"}]} ); if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = [{"id":2981906,"link":"https://www.facebook.com/dr.asra","name":"Facebook","link_domain":"www.facebook.com","icon":"//www.google.com/s2/u/0/favicons?domain=www.facebook.com"}]</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed","location":"/AsraHameed","scheme":"https","host":"juw.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/AsraHameed","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-e37e6d40-5caf-42c6-8b2b-a3ea62a861e4"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-e37e6d40-5caf-42c6-8b2b-a3ea62a861e4"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Asra Hameed" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/11808804/3408458/13804116/s200_asra.hameed.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Asra Hameed</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://juw.academia.edu/">Jinnah University For Women</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://juw.academia.edu/Departments/Pharmacy/Documents">Pharmacy</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Graduate Student</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Asra" data-follow-user-id="11808804" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="11808804"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">143</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">33</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">2</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;"><b>Address: </b>Pakistan<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><h3 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Related Authors</h3></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list" data-nosnippet="true"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://klyuniv.academia.edu/JayjitMajumdar"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Jayjit Majumdar related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/30581/9917/54070/s200_jayjit.majumdar.30581" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://klyuniv.academia.edu/JayjitMajumdar">Jayjit Majumdar</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">University of Kalyani</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://integraluniversity.academia.edu/MohdTariqSalman"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Mohd Tariq Salman related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/40883/82731/90609/s200_mohd_tariq.salman.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://integraluniversity.academia.edu/MohdTariqSalman">Mohd Tariq Salman</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Integral University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://uncg.academia.edu/GwenRobbinsSchug"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Gwen Robbins Schug related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/161482/41323/170269686/s200_gwen.robbins_schug.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://uncg.academia.edu/GwenRobbinsSchug">Gwen Robbins Schug</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">University of North Carolina at Greensboro</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://egyptfishportal.academia.edu/HanaaKader"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Hanaa Ahmed related author profile picture" border="0" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://egyptfishportal.academia.edu/HanaaKader">Hanaa Ahmed</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Animal Health Research Institute</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://uqar.academia.edu/RichardCloutier"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Richard Cloutier related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/638191/219385/421338/s200_richard.cloutier.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://uqar.academia.edu/RichardCloutier">Richard Cloutier</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Université du Québec à Rimouski</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://moscowstate.academia.edu/IrinaKolesnik"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Irina Kolesnik related author profile picture" border="0" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://moscowstate.academia.edu/IrinaKolesnik">Irina Kolesnik</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Moscow State University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://bsmrau.academia.edu/TofazzalIslam"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Prof. Tofazzal Islam related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/686597/235966/277690/s200_tofazzal.islam.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://bsmrau.academia.edu/TofazzalIslam">Prof. Tofazzal Islam</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/TimSandle"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Tim Sandle related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/725124/247895/293007/s200_tim.sandle.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/TimSandle">Tim Sandle</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">The University of Manchester</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://dundee.academia.edu/AileenGrant"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Aileen Grant related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/814153/281360/332791/s200_aileen.grant.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://dundee.academia.edu/AileenGrant">Aileen Grant</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">University of Dundee</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a data-nosnippet="" href="https://tanta.academia.edu/AshrafEmara"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Ashraf M Emara related author profile picture" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2511711/783431/973629/s200_ashraf.emara.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://tanta.academia.edu/AshrafEmara">Ashraf M Emara</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Tanta University</p></div></div></ul></div><style type="text/css">.suggested-academics--header h3{font-size:16px;font-weight:500;line-height:20px}</style><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11808804" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed","location":"/AsraHameed","scheme":"https","host":"juw.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/AsraHameed","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Pharmacy"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-b5c3b612-b106-4924-a0d9-545774a2d617"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-b5c3b612-b106-4924-a0d9-545774a2d617"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11808804" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Pharmacology"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-d27e3dd8-e58f-4fe9-80c9-358cd3145d34"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-d27e3dd8-e58f-4fe9-80c9-358cd3145d34"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11808804" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Chemistry"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-851a14fd-6dab-4b8e-891f-578fcddd0fb4"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-851a14fd-6dab-4b8e-891f-578fcddd0fb4"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11808804" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Biology"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-4c0e1f03-27a6-40b3-ae06-c8e55b463464"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-4c0e1f03-27a6-40b3-ae06-c8e55b463464"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11808804" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Formulation_Technology"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Pharmaceutical Formulation Technology"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-cb3024a0-f46b-41a9-b371-39dd6efcaf2f"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-cb3024a0-f46b-41a9-b371-39dd6efcaf2f"></div> </a></div></div><div class="external-links-container"><ul class="profile-links new-profile js-UserInfo-social"><li class="profile-profiles js-social-profiles-container"><i class="fa fa-spin fa-spinner"></i></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Asra Hameed</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="98259429"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/98259429/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Bioequivalence & Bioavailability</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Ofloxacin is used to treat a bacterial infection. It is indicated for the treatment of adults wit...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Ofloxacin is used to treat a bacterial infection. It is indicated for the treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections triggered by susceptible strains of the nominated microorganisms in the infections likes acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea, nongonococcal urethiritis and cervicitis, mixed infections of the urethra and cervix, acute pelvic inflammatory disease (including severe infection), uncomplicated cystitis, complicated urinary tract infections and prostatitis. The most common side-effects are feeling sick, diarrhea, feeling dizzy and headache. Spectrophotometry is regarded as by its speed and simplicity, accuracy and inexpensive instrument needed, and hence it is a significant substitute to further analytical methods, through clear advantages in terms of cost of analysis. Assay of Ofloxacin tablets is carried out by a r...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="98259429"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="98259429"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98259429; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98259429]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98259429]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98259429; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='98259429']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=98259429]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":98259429,"title":"Bioequivalence \u0026 Bioavailability","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Ofloxacin is used to treat a bacterial infection. It is indicated for the treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections triggered by susceptible strains of the nominated microorganisms in the infections likes acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea, nongonococcal urethiritis and cervicitis, mixed infections of the urethra and cervix, acute pelvic inflammatory disease (including severe infection), uncomplicated cystitis, complicated urinary tract infections and prostatitis. The most common side-effects are feeling sick, diarrhea, feeling dizzy and headache. Spectrophotometry is regarded as by its speed and simplicity, accuracy and inexpensive instrument needed, and hence it is a significant substitute to further analytical methods, through clear advantages in terms of cost of analysis. Assay of Ofloxacin tablets is carried out by a r...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Ofloxacin is used to treat a bacterial infection. It is indicated for the treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections triggered by susceptible strains of the nominated microorganisms in the infections likes acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea, nongonococcal urethiritis and cervicitis, mixed infections of the urethra and cervix, acute pelvic inflammatory disease (including severe infection), uncomplicated cystitis, complicated urinary tract infections and prostatitis. The most common side-effects are feeling sick, diarrhea, feeling dizzy and headache. Spectrophotometry is regarded as by its speed and simplicity, accuracy and inexpensive instrument needed, and hence it is a significant substitute to further analytical methods, through clear advantages in terms of cost of analysis. Assay of Ofloxacin tablets is carried out by a r...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/98259429/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-03-09T23:35:39.670-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Ofloxacin is used to treat a bacterial infection. It is indicated for the treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections triggered by susceptible strains of the nominated microorganisms in the infections likes acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea, nongonococcal urethiritis and cervicitis, mixed infections of the urethra and cervix, acute pelvic inflammatory disease (including severe infection), uncomplicated cystitis, complicated urinary tract infections and prostatitis. The most common side-effects are feeling sick, diarrhea, feeling dizzy and headache. Spectrophotometry is regarded as by its speed and simplicity, accuracy and inexpensive instrument needed, and hence it is a significant substitute to further analytical methods, through clear advantages in terms of cost of analysis. Assay of Ofloxacin tablets is carried out by a r...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-98259429-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163150"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163150/Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in_different_age_groups_in_tertiary_health_care_centers_of_Karachi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use of 3rd generation cephalosporins in different age groups in tertiary health care centers of Karachi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014672/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163150/Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in_different_age_groups_in_tertiary_health_care_centers_of_Karachi">Use of 3rd generation cephalosporins in different age groups in tertiary health care centers of Karachi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Prescription writing is the key part in healthcare provision. The caution use of antibiotics is v...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Prescription writing is the key part in healthcare provision. The caution use of antibiotics is very important as their resistance can be life threatening. Our study aims to find out the current prescribing practice of the antibiotics, specially the use of cephalosporins for Pediatric in tertiary health care centres situated in Karachi. Cross sectional, random sampling method was used to collect data of patients from different hospitals & health cares in the city of Karachi from September to November 2013. Antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs. On the other hand Antibiotics are available and sold throughout the whole city without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner, which is one of the causes for overuse of antibiotics resulting in becoming the bacteria & other microbes resistant to antibiotics. Our result shows that altogether 50 patients, 13 males and 14 females (54 %), were using third generation cephalosporins.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-70163150-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-70163150-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129087/figure-1-use-of-rd-generation-cephalosporins-in-different"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129095/figure-1-use-of-cephalosporin-in-different-age-group-use-of"><img alt="Figure 1: Use of cephalosporin in different age group Figure 2: Use of cephalosporins in different gender " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129103/table-2-use-of-cephalosporin-in-different-age-group-chi"><img alt="Table: Use of cephalosporin in different age group Table 2: Chi-Square Tests for different age group " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129114/table-3-cells-have-expected-count-less-than-the-minimum"><img alt="a: 18 cells (90.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 18. Table 3: Use of cephalosporins in different gender " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129124/table-3-use-of-rd-generation-cephalosporins-in-different-age"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129137/table-4-cells-have-expected-count-less-than-the-minimum"><img alt="a: 4 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.44. Table 4: Chi-Square Tests for different gender " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-70163150-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="11cccd12c492edcef7ee2427170b76dc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":80014672,"asset_id":70163150,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014672/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163150"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163150"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163150; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163150]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163150]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163150; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163150']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "11cccd12c492edcef7ee2427170b76dc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163150]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163150,"title":"Use of 3rd generation cephalosporins in different age groups in tertiary health care centers of Karachi","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Prescription writing is the key part in healthcare provision. The caution use of antibiotics is very important as their resistance can be life threatening. Our study aims to find out the current prescribing practice of the antibiotics, specially the use of cephalosporins for Pediatric in tertiary health care centres situated in Karachi. Cross sectional, random sampling method was used to collect data of patients from different hospitals \u0026 health cares in the city of Karachi from September to November 2013. Antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs. On the other hand Antibiotics are available and sold throughout the whole city without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner, which is one of the causes for overuse of antibiotics resulting in becoming the bacteria \u0026 other microbes resistant to antibiotics. Our result shows that altogether 50 patients, 13 males and 14 females (54 %), were using third generation cephalosporins.","ai_title_tag":"3rd Generation Cephalosporin Use in Karachi","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Prescription writing is the key part in healthcare provision. The caution use of antibiotics is very important as their resistance can be life threatening. Our study aims to find out the current prescribing practice of the antibiotics, specially the use of cephalosporins for Pediatric in tertiary health care centres situated in Karachi. Cross sectional, random sampling method was used to collect data of patients from different hospitals \u0026 health cares in the city of Karachi from September to November 2013. Antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs. On the other hand Antibiotics are available and sold throughout the whole city without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner, which is one of the causes for overuse of antibiotics resulting in becoming the bacteria \u0026 other microbes resistant to antibiotics. Our result shows that altogether 50 patients, 13 males and 14 females (54 %), were using third generation cephalosporins.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163150/Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in_different_age_groups_in_tertiary_health_care_centers_of_Karachi","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.876-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80014672,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014672/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Vol3_Issue2_04.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014672/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014672/Vol3_Issue2_04-libre.pdf?1643648440=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUse_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=UJwWDn8m9dYRHQDx4kH3YGeOJ3-H7UWuGtQUNOlFQGA-0iXPGPR8lhqudpM3PmGhimSs2NMk8Rh23yHrnifjgo5ntbO71bblc0VjWqB~Wy4fBU5mNiF-g4LLz6paIbjdU3UW0kzcPo9YH8QDK76EwnK9-yutSS9cR-aOkQignkz4dAzKE0n5~JNKOGAOZjNTRgbHSNePkdsjQuwrmsfSwsi7AhoCdbMuq3Bvkl2rUIaexefjgJ3uVTn0hDG6X4UvumHcR9JQ2k7ZnB9oQoFtjyK2dSFOd6V42e2~qox-aYPhdtEWhqg9ywsYms1gSbejzHvbl4JKyNdWYIrYoV~c3w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in_different_age_groups_in_tertiary_health_care_centers_of_Karachi","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Prescription writing is the key part in healthcare provision. The caution use of antibiotics is very important as their resistance can be life threatening. Our study aims to find out the current prescribing practice of the antibiotics, specially the use of cephalosporins for Pediatric in tertiary health care centres situated in Karachi. Cross sectional, random sampling method was used to collect data of patients from different hospitals \u0026 health cares in the city of Karachi from September to November 2013. Antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs. On the other hand Antibiotics are available and sold throughout the whole city without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner, which is one of the causes for overuse of antibiotics resulting in becoming the bacteria \u0026 other microbes resistant to antibiotics. Our result shows that altogether 50 patients, 13 males and 14 females (54 %), were using third generation cephalosporins.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":80014672,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014672/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Vol3_Issue2_04.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014672/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014672/Vol3_Issue2_04-libre.pdf?1643648440=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUse_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=UJwWDn8m9dYRHQDx4kH3YGeOJ3-H7UWuGtQUNOlFQGA-0iXPGPR8lhqudpM3PmGhimSs2NMk8Rh23yHrnifjgo5ntbO71bblc0VjWqB~Wy4fBU5mNiF-g4LLz6paIbjdU3UW0kzcPo9YH8QDK76EwnK9-yutSS9cR-aOkQignkz4dAzKE0n5~JNKOGAOZjNTRgbHSNePkdsjQuwrmsfSwsi7AhoCdbMuq3Bvkl2rUIaexefjgJ3uVTn0hDG6X4UvumHcR9JQ2k7ZnB9oQoFtjyK2dSFOd6V42e2~qox-aYPhdtEWhqg9ywsYms1gSbejzHvbl4JKyNdWYIrYoV~c3w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":80014673,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014673/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Vol3_Issue2_04.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014673/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014673/Vol3_Issue2_04-libre.pdf?1643648439=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUse_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=Fhb-oJO1TEDvQz5fE6RvyeX~uO7rgegcgwAA0g0L-Vm3Jn0SZ-y4ADOue8lJeuC~p0yobYrvw1YazFintkfOdqyMAXxGzF5hvuRVsAo86~LhX~-62GQeiuPuwExy9oUllI29J6wopXK-L4YRDH9ac74m5eMhNsMyCCISkA9-35BcOtQdMx5EOhuqHkwnK-PPh39CYNyn~tnCX2sU3B-k-XLKfZ0VV5sEhBwYI2uftSXcnp4WMDvU6Ec0HEDGJAKaiRCtEgHoHGIJlHdMDtxyQsBTWqCB2FNscG2i0BOxWcD~3wEtn~O3oQQ-Z~UDUVAe24hTXXbJqQik7fn-DYwoTw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":161226,"name":"Cephalosporins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cephalosporins"},{"id":251655,"name":"Antibiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antibiotics"}],"urls":[{"id":17166950,"url":"http://www.jsirjournal.com/Vol3_Issue2_04.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163150-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163149"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163149/Chocolate_Consumption_in_Children_and_Adults"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chocolate Consumption in Children and Adults" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Chocolate Consumption in Children and Adults</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Archives of Medicine</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Chocolate is a unique flavored food used in our society. Chocolate is also known as ‘food of Gods...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Chocolate is a unique flavored food used in our society. Chocolate is also known as ‘food of Gods’. It is prepared from the seeds of a plant Theobroma cacao. It contains many active ingredients. The most important ingredient of chocolate is caffeine, a Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulant. Caffeine also has a potency to make its user addicted to it. The chocolates are widely used in many recipes and drinks as well as gifts. Chocolate is also aphrodisiac in nature. Our survey aims to find out its consumption and addiction is children and professional and non-professional adults. The data was collected from different private and public places, schools, parks and malls of Karachi, Pakistan in the month of September to December, 2014. According to our survey on consumption of chocolates in children, we find that only 7.5% children do not take chocolate and chocolate containing foods, While other 92.5% children takes chocolate and chocolate containing food daily. In professional adults...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163149"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163149"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163149; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163149]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163149]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163149; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163149']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163149]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163149,"title":"Chocolate Consumption in Children and Adults","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Chocolate is a unique flavored food used in our society. Chocolate is also known as ‘food of Gods’. It is prepared from the seeds of a plant Theobroma cacao. It contains many active ingredients. The most important ingredient of chocolate is caffeine, a Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulant. Caffeine also has a potency to make its user addicted to it. The chocolates are widely used in many recipes and drinks as well as gifts. Chocolate is also aphrodisiac in nature. Our survey aims to find out its consumption and addiction is children and professional and non-professional adults. The data was collected from different private and public places, schools, parks and malls of Karachi, Pakistan in the month of September to December, 2014. According to our survey on consumption of chocolates in children, we find that only 7.5% children do not take chocolate and chocolate containing foods, While other 92.5% children takes chocolate and chocolate containing food daily. In professional adults...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Archives of Medicine"},"translated_abstract":"Chocolate is a unique flavored food used in our society. Chocolate is also known as ‘food of Gods’. It is prepared from the seeds of a plant Theobroma cacao. It contains many active ingredients. The most important ingredient of chocolate is caffeine, a Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulant. Caffeine also has a potency to make its user addicted to it. The chocolates are widely used in many recipes and drinks as well as gifts. Chocolate is also aphrodisiac in nature. Our survey aims to find out its consumption and addiction is children and professional and non-professional adults. The data was collected from different private and public places, schools, parks and malls of Karachi, Pakistan in the month of September to December, 2014. According to our survey on consumption of chocolates in children, we find that only 7.5% children do not take chocolate and chocolate containing foods, While other 92.5% children takes chocolate and chocolate containing food daily. In professional adults...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163149/Chocolate_Consumption_in_Children_and_Adults","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.775-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Chocolate_Consumption_in_Children_and_Adults","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Chocolate is a unique flavored food used in our society. Chocolate is also known as ‘food of Gods’. It is prepared from the seeds of a plant Theobroma cacao. It contains many active ingredients. The most important ingredient of chocolate is caffeine, a Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulant. Caffeine also has a potency to make its user addicted to it. The chocolates are widely used in many recipes and drinks as well as gifts. Chocolate is also aphrodisiac in nature. Our survey aims to find out its consumption and addiction is children and professional and non-professional adults. The data was collected from different private and public places, schools, parks and malls of Karachi, Pakistan in the month of September to December, 2014. According to our survey on consumption of chocolates in children, we find that only 7.5% children do not take chocolate and chocolate containing foods, While other 92.5% children takes chocolate and chocolate containing food daily. In professional adults...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":92817,"name":"Chocolate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chocolate"},{"id":284294,"name":"Caffine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caffine"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163149-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163148"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163148/Awareness_about_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_a_Survey_Based_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Awareness about Inflammatory Bowel Disease a Survey Based Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Awareness about Inflammatory Bowel Disease a Survey Based Study</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are autoimmune diseases, which is a group of inflammatory condi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are autoimmune diseases, which is a group of inflammatory conditions like Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In inflammatory bowel disease, there is an inflammation in the small intestine and colon. Symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, severe internal cramps/muscle spasms in the region of the pelvis and weight loss. Biopsy and colonoscopy are the techniques used to diagnose IBD. Since IBD is an inflammatory condition so the treatment of IBD is depend upon different drugs having high anti-inflammatory effects. Our survey aims to find its awareness among the pharmacy students of 4th and 5th professional Pharmacy. Cross sectional and random method was used to collect data from university students. Data was analyzed and represented in the form of tables and graph. According to our survey, 94% students have basic information about IBD, 67% students have knowledge about the symptoms of IBD, 28% have k...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163148"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163148"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163148; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163148]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163148]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163148; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163148']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163148]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163148,"title":"Awareness about Inflammatory Bowel Disease a Survey Based Study","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are autoimmune diseases, which is a group of inflammatory conditions like Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In inflammatory bowel disease, there is an inflammation in the small intestine and colon. Symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, severe internal cramps/muscle spasms in the region of the pelvis and weight loss. Biopsy and colonoscopy are the techniques used to diagnose IBD. Since IBD is an inflammatory condition so the treatment of IBD is depend upon different drugs having high anti-inflammatory effects. Our survey aims to find its awareness among the pharmacy students of 4th and 5th professional Pharmacy. Cross sectional and random method was used to collect data from university students. Data was analyzed and represented in the form of tables and graph. According to our survey, 94% students have basic information about IBD, 67% students have knowledge about the symptoms of IBD, 28% have k...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are autoimmune diseases, which is a group of inflammatory conditions like Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In inflammatory bowel disease, there is an inflammation in the small intestine and colon. Symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, severe internal cramps/muscle spasms in the region of the pelvis and weight loss. Biopsy and colonoscopy are the techniques used to diagnose IBD. Since IBD is an inflammatory condition so the treatment of IBD is depend upon different drugs having high anti-inflammatory effects. Our survey aims to find its awareness among the pharmacy students of 4th and 5th professional Pharmacy. Cross sectional and random method was used to collect data from university students. Data was analyzed and represented in the form of tables and graph. According to our survey, 94% students have basic information about IBD, 67% students have knowledge about the symptoms of IBD, 28% have k...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163148/Awareness_about_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_a_Survey_Based_Study","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.671-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Awareness_about_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_a_Survey_Based_Study","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are autoimmune diseases, which is a group of inflammatory conditions like Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In inflammatory bowel disease, there is an inflammation in the small intestine and colon. Symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, severe internal cramps/muscle spasms in the region of the pelvis and weight loss. Biopsy and colonoscopy are the techniques used to diagnose IBD. Since IBD is an inflammatory condition so the treatment of IBD is depend upon different drugs having high anti-inflammatory effects. Our survey aims to find its awareness among the pharmacy students of 4th and 5th professional Pharmacy. Cross sectional and random method was used to collect data from university students. Data was analyzed and represented in the form of tables and graph. According to our survey, 94% students have basic information about IBD, 67% students have knowledge about the symptoms of IBD, 28% have k...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":59366,"name":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease"},{"id":197351,"name":"Awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Awareness"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163148-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163147"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163147/Awareness_about_Irritable_Bowel_Syndrome_IBS_A_Survey_Based_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). A Survey Based Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). A Survey Based Study</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A bowel function disorder , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common problem that highly aff...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A bowel function disorder , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common problem that highly affects the quality of life of the patient. IBS may be diarrhoea predominant IBS (IBS-D), may be (IBS-C) constipation predominant IBS, and sometimes mixed bowel pattern (IBS-M) with both harden & loosen stools. Complications may include changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation, and pain in abdomen along with various symptoms including rectal urgency with diarrhea and abdominal bloating. Risk factors include age, anxiety, depression and adverse life Events. Prognostic techniques are colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasound. Different treatment strategies are used to treat various conditions experienced by individual patients. Drugs like antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, 5-HT3 antagonists and probiotics are proved effective in this condition. Objective: The survey aimed to find out Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) among the pharmacy graduates of 3 rd to5th p...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163147"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163147"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163147; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163147]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163147]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163147; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163147']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163147]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163147,"title":"Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). A Survey Based Study","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A bowel function disorder , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common problem that highly affects the quality of life of the patient. IBS may be diarrhoea predominant IBS (IBS-D), may be (IBS-C) constipation predominant IBS, and sometimes mixed bowel pattern (IBS-M) with both harden \u0026 loosen stools. Complications may include changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation, and pain in abdomen along with various symptoms including rectal urgency with diarrhea and abdominal bloating. Risk factors include age, anxiety, depression and adverse life Events. Prognostic techniques are colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasound. Different treatment strategies are used to treat various conditions experienced by individual patients. Drugs like antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, 5-HT3 antagonists and probiotics are proved effective in this condition. Objective: The survey aimed to find out Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) among the pharmacy graduates of 3 rd to5th p...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"A bowel function disorder , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common problem that highly affects the quality of life of the patient. IBS may be diarrhoea predominant IBS (IBS-D), may be (IBS-C) constipation predominant IBS, and sometimes mixed bowel pattern (IBS-M) with both harden \u0026 loosen stools. Complications may include changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation, and pain in abdomen along with various symptoms including rectal urgency with diarrhea and abdominal bloating. Risk factors include age, anxiety, depression and adverse life Events. Prognostic techniques are colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasound. Different treatment strategies are used to treat various conditions experienced by individual patients. Drugs like antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, 5-HT3 antagonists and probiotics are proved effective in this condition. Objective: The survey aimed to find out Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) among the pharmacy graduates of 3 rd to5th p...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163147/Awareness_about_Irritable_Bowel_Syndrome_IBS_A_Survey_Based_Study","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.571-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Awareness_about_Irritable_Bowel_Syndrome_IBS_A_Survey_Based_Study","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"A bowel function disorder , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common problem that highly affects the quality of life of the patient. IBS may be diarrhoea predominant IBS (IBS-D), may be (IBS-C) constipation predominant IBS, and sometimes mixed bowel pattern (IBS-M) with both harden \u0026 loosen stools. Complications may include changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation, and pain in abdomen along with various symptoms including rectal urgency with diarrhea and abdominal bloating. Risk factors include age, anxiety, depression and adverse life Events. Prognostic techniques are colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasound. Different treatment strategies are used to treat various conditions experienced by individual patients. Drugs like antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, 5-HT3 antagonists and probiotics are proved effective in this condition. Objective: The survey aimed to find out Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) among the pharmacy graduates of 3 rd to5th p...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163147-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163146"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163146/Subjective_of_Brain_Tumor"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Subjective of Brain Tumor" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Subjective of Brain Tumor</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Brain disorders & therapy</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Before beginning treatment, you would possibly need a second opinion concerning your diagnosing a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Before beginning treatment, you would possibly need a second opinion concerning your diagnosing and treatment set up. Some folks worry that the doctor are going to be pained if they raise a second opinion. Typically the other is true. Most doctors welcome a second opinion. and lots of insurance firms pays for a second opinion if you or your doctor requests it. Some firms need a second opinion. If you get a second opinion, the doctor might believe your initial doctor&#39;s diagnosing and treatment set up. Or the second doctor might recommend another approach. Either way, you&#39;ll need a lot of data and maybe a bigger sense of management. You’ll feel a lot of assured concerning the selections you create, knowing that you have checked out your choices. It may take your time and energy to assemble your medical records and see another doctor. In several cases, it isn&#39;t a retardant to require many weeks to urge a second opinion. The delay in beginning treatment typically will not bu...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163146"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163146"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163146; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163146]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163146]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163146; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163146']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163146]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163146,"title":"Subjective of Brain Tumor","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Before beginning treatment, you would possibly need a second opinion concerning your diagnosing and treatment set up. Some folks worry that the doctor are going to be pained if they raise a second opinion. Typically the other is true. Most doctors welcome a second opinion. and lots of insurance firms pays for a second opinion if you or your doctor requests it. Some firms need a second opinion. If you get a second opinion, the doctor might believe your initial doctor\u0026#39;s diagnosing and treatment set up. Or the second doctor might recommend another approach. Either way, you\u0026#39;ll need a lot of data and maybe a bigger sense of management. You’ll feel a lot of assured concerning the selections you create, knowing that you have checked out your choices. It may take your time and energy to assemble your medical records and see another doctor. In several cases, it isn\u0026#39;t a retardant to require many weeks to urge a second opinion. The delay in beginning treatment typically will not bu...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Brain disorders \u0026 therapy"},"translated_abstract":"Before beginning treatment, you would possibly need a second opinion concerning your diagnosing and treatment set up. Some folks worry that the doctor are going to be pained if they raise a second opinion. Typically the other is true. Most doctors welcome a second opinion. and lots of insurance firms pays for a second opinion if you or your doctor requests it. Some firms need a second opinion. If you get a second opinion, the doctor might believe your initial doctor\u0026#39;s diagnosing and treatment set up. Or the second doctor might recommend another approach. Either way, you\u0026#39;ll need a lot of data and maybe a bigger sense of management. You’ll feel a lot of assured concerning the selections you create, knowing that you have checked out your choices. It may take your time and energy to assemble your medical records and see another doctor. In several cases, it isn\u0026#39;t a retardant to require many weeks to urge a second opinion. The delay in beginning treatment typically will not bu...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163146/Subjective_of_Brain_Tumor","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.460-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Subjective_of_Brain_Tumor","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Before beginning treatment, you would possibly need a second opinion concerning your diagnosing and treatment set up. Some folks worry that the doctor are going to be pained if they raise a second opinion. Typically the other is true. Most doctors welcome a second opinion. and lots of insurance firms pays for a second opinion if you or your doctor requests it. Some firms need a second opinion. If you get a second opinion, the doctor might believe your initial doctor\u0026#39;s diagnosing and treatment set up. Or the second doctor might recommend another approach. Either way, you\u0026#39;ll need a lot of data and maybe a bigger sense of management. You’ll feel a lot of assured concerning the selections you create, knowing that you have checked out your choices. It may take your time and energy to assemble your medical records and see another doctor. In several cases, it isn\u0026#39;t a retardant to require many weeks to urge a second opinion. The delay in beginning treatment typically will not bu...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163146-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163145"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163145/Comparative_Study_of_In_vitro_Evaluation_of_Two_Quinolone_Derivatives_by_HPLC"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Study of In-vitro Evaluation of Two Quinolone Derivatives by HPLC" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Comparative Study of In-vitro Evaluation of Two Quinolone Derivatives by HPLC</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Quinolones are the antibacterial agents which vigorously inhibit the DNA synthesis. P...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Quinolones are the antibacterial agents which vigorously inhibit the DNA synthesis. Pharmacodynamically they are DNA Gyrase inhibitor. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare two quinolone derivatives using HPLC. Result: The drug content is found to be as 96.25% in ofloxacin sample tablets and 99.64% in ciprofloxacin sample tablets when compared with standards. Discussion The given method has found to be speedy, exact, defined, trustworthy and minimum time taking for the concurrent process of estimating ofofloxacin as well as ciprofloxacin drugs in the system of loose drug mockups, its preparations exhausting the supreme frequently engaged C-18 column through UV indicator.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163145"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163145"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163145; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163145]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163145]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163145; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163145']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163145]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163145,"title":"Comparative Study of In-vitro Evaluation of Two Quinolone Derivatives by HPLC","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Background: Quinolones are the antibacterial agents which vigorously inhibit the DNA synthesis. Pharmacodynamically they are DNA Gyrase inhibitor. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare two quinolone derivatives using HPLC. Result: The drug content is found to be as 96.25% in ofloxacin sample tablets and 99.64% in ciprofloxacin sample tablets when compared with standards. Discussion The given method has found to be speedy, exact, defined, trustworthy and minimum time taking for the concurrent process of estimating ofofloxacin as well as ciprofloxacin drugs in the system of loose drug mockups, its preparations exhausting the supreme frequently engaged C-18 column through UV indicator.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Background: Quinolones are the antibacterial agents which vigorously inhibit the DNA synthesis. Pharmacodynamically they are DNA Gyrase inhibitor. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare two quinolone derivatives using HPLC. Result: The drug content is found to be as 96.25% in ofloxacin sample tablets and 99.64% in ciprofloxacin sample tablets when compared with standards. Discussion The given method has found to be speedy, exact, defined, trustworthy and minimum time taking for the concurrent process of estimating ofofloxacin as well as ciprofloxacin drugs in the system of loose drug mockups, its preparations exhausting the supreme frequently engaged C-18 column through UV indicator.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163145/Comparative_Study_of_In_vitro_Evaluation_of_Two_Quinolone_Derivatives_by_HPLC","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.359-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Comparative_Study_of_In_vitro_Evaluation_of_Two_Quinolone_Derivatives_by_HPLC","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Background: Quinolones are the antibacterial agents which vigorously inhibit the DNA synthesis. Pharmacodynamically they are DNA Gyrase inhibitor. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare two quinolone derivatives using HPLC. Result: The drug content is found to be as 96.25% in ofloxacin sample tablets and 99.64% in ciprofloxacin sample tablets when compared with standards. Discussion The given method has found to be speedy, exact, defined, trustworthy and minimum time taking for the concurrent process of estimating ofofloxacin as well as ciprofloxacin drugs in the system of loose drug mockups, its preparations exhausting the supreme frequently engaged C-18 column through UV indicator.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163145-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163144"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163144/Herbal_Treatment_and_Home_Remedies_of_Dengue"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Herbal Treatment and Home Remedies of Dengue" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Herbal Treatment and Home Remedies of Dengue</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Among the most serious and considerable matters related to public health, Dengue fever which is c...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Among the most serious and considerable matters related to public health, Dengue fever which is caused by viral infection has become the most significant health issue globally. For the treatment of Dengue fever, unluckily there is no such drug classification which posses any activity against the viral infection, nevertheless, many botanical agents have found to be efficacious in treating the infection, though it’s imperative to execute and bring about research on these medicinal plants that have been found to be potent and non-toxic for treating dengue fever. The remedial agents which are found to be efficient in this regard are papaya, leaves of Neem tree, basil, coriander, barley grass as well as fenugreek and juice of pomegranate. The objective of this review article is to make available up-to-date methodologies intended for the treatment of dengue.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163144"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163144"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163144; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163144]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163144]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163144; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163144']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163144]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163144,"title":"Herbal Treatment and Home Remedies of Dengue","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Among the most serious and considerable matters related to public health, Dengue fever which is caused by viral infection has become the most significant health issue globally. For the treatment of Dengue fever, unluckily there is no such drug classification which posses any activity against the viral infection, nevertheless, many botanical agents have found to be efficacious in treating the infection, though it’s imperative to execute and bring about research on these medicinal plants that have been found to be potent and non-toxic for treating dengue fever. The remedial agents which are found to be efficient in this regard are papaya, leaves of Neem tree, basil, coriander, barley grass as well as fenugreek and juice of pomegranate. The objective of this review article is to make available up-to-date methodologies intended for the treatment of dengue.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Among the most serious and considerable matters related to public health, Dengue fever which is caused by viral infection has become the most significant health issue globally. For the treatment of Dengue fever, unluckily there is no such drug classification which posses any activity against the viral infection, nevertheless, many botanical agents have found to be efficacious in treating the infection, though it’s imperative to execute and bring about research on these medicinal plants that have been found to be potent and non-toxic for treating dengue fever. The remedial agents which are found to be efficient in this regard are papaya, leaves of Neem tree, basil, coriander, barley grass as well as fenugreek and juice of pomegranate. The objective of this review article is to make available up-to-date methodologies intended for the treatment of dengue.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163144/Herbal_Treatment_and_Home_Remedies_of_Dengue","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.259-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Herbal_Treatment_and_Home_Remedies_of_Dengue","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Among the most serious and considerable matters related to public health, Dengue fever which is caused by viral infection has become the most significant health issue globally. For the treatment of Dengue fever, unluckily there is no such drug classification which posses any activity against the viral infection, nevertheless, many botanical agents have found to be efficacious in treating the infection, though it’s imperative to execute and bring about research on these medicinal plants that have been found to be potent and non-toxic for treating dengue fever. The remedial agents which are found to be efficient in this regard are papaya, leaves of Neem tree, basil, coriander, barley grass as well as fenugreek and juice of pomegranate. The objective of this review article is to make available up-to-date methodologies intended for the treatment of dengue.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":157268,"name":"Dengue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163144-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163143"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163143/Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r2=0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163143"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163143"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163143; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163143]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163143]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163143; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163143']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163143]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163143,"title":"Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r2=0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r2=0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163143/Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.137-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r2=0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163143-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163142"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163142/Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professionals_and_general_public"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Awareness of dengue virus in professionals and general public" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014669/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163142/Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professionals_and_general_public">Awareness of dengue virus in professionals and general public</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A viral infectious disease, dengue which is transmitted by mosquitoes, is very severe disease. Sy...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A viral infectious disease, dengue which is transmitted by mosquitoes, is very severe disease. Symptoms may vary person to person and also depends upon the severity of the viral infection. High fever, headache and body aches are the general complains of dengue infectious patients. Thrombocytopenia is also common in dengue. There is no treatment of this viral infection. Avoid of aspirin, use of acetaminophen (paracetamol), rest and use of plenty of water and other drinks or juices may recover the infectious person within 714days. Prevention of this infectious disease is must like use of insecticidal, mosquito repellents, covering of clean water, full body covering dresses and avoid open places like parks in morning and evening times proved very much effective in order to prevent this infectious disease. Our study aims to find out its awareness among the general public as well as among the professionals. Data was collected randomly in Karachi city. All the important questions were ask...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bc87a78e2c6baea5bd643c12c8c4ffc7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":80014669,"asset_id":70163142,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014669/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163142"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163142"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163142; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163142]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163142]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163142; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163142']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bc87a78e2c6baea5bd643c12c8c4ffc7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163142]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163142,"title":"Awareness of dengue virus in professionals and general public","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A viral infectious disease, dengue which is transmitted by mosquitoes, is very severe disease. Symptoms may vary person to person and also depends upon the severity of the viral infection. High fever, headache and body aches are the general complains of dengue infectious patients. Thrombocytopenia is also common in dengue. There is no treatment of this viral infection. Avoid of aspirin, use of acetaminophen (paracetamol), rest and use of plenty of water and other drinks or juices may recover the infectious person within 714days. Prevention of this infectious disease is must like use of insecticidal, mosquito repellents, covering of clean water, full body covering dresses and avoid open places like parks in morning and evening times proved very much effective in order to prevent this infectious disease. Our study aims to find out its awareness among the general public as well as among the professionals. Data was collected randomly in Karachi city. All the important questions were ask...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"A viral infectious disease, dengue which is transmitted by mosquitoes, is very severe disease. Symptoms may vary person to person and also depends upon the severity of the viral infection. High fever, headache and body aches are the general complains of dengue infectious patients. Thrombocytopenia is also common in dengue. There is no treatment of this viral infection. Avoid of aspirin, use of acetaminophen (paracetamol), rest and use of plenty of water and other drinks or juices may recover the infectious person within 714days. Prevention of this infectious disease is must like use of insecticidal, mosquito repellents, covering of clean water, full body covering dresses and avoid open places like parks in morning and evening times proved very much effective in order to prevent this infectious disease. Our study aims to find out its awareness among the general public as well as among the professionals. Data was collected randomly in Karachi city. All the important questions were ask...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163142/Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professionals_and_general_public","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.980-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80014669,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014669/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9060754.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014669/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014669/9060754-libre.pdf?1643648440=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAwareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=euQ9keUvOoK74MtrFGMmwh9mfjbOmypMpdFaS2obayaRvZcKf8lBnHRrBtD8MelmdxjFOLBtLdSx8R1PAVoXMj6aSPQ-1-twYfcR9FAQIaNVqseE~awTww9FJdCv16hy0lEDtbkyCXJtD5JF8g4jcA73QAm5TRaTLsdFwvJI0ssr7B9eR3HTUUaGbc3lwk2C~vFlYrAfB4RHKRzetLFhyNSHNr9WVHJr6SINmWRdzJRm7Y0qHXBSXiYtyiPMHV0f0XMAiythAfRgpldD~Zac8IJSkS3N155w2lVpBmSt~e6KSZ9Ybau76jkynNoz2vzILloYHUiJ25BpIDbKZe0i3Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professionals_and_general_public","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"A viral infectious disease, dengue which is transmitted by mosquitoes, is very severe disease. Symptoms may vary person to person and also depends upon the severity of the viral infection. High fever, headache and body aches are the general complains of dengue infectious patients. Thrombocytopenia is also common in dengue. There is no treatment of this viral infection. Avoid of aspirin, use of acetaminophen (paracetamol), rest and use of plenty of water and other drinks or juices may recover the infectious person within 714days. Prevention of this infectious disease is must like use of insecticidal, mosquito repellents, covering of clean water, full body covering dresses and avoid open places like parks in morning and evening times proved very much effective in order to prevent this infectious disease. Our study aims to find out its awareness among the general public as well as among the professionals. Data was collected randomly in Karachi city. All the important questions were ask...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":80014669,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014669/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9060754.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014669/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014669/9060754-libre.pdf?1643648440=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAwareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=euQ9keUvOoK74MtrFGMmwh9mfjbOmypMpdFaS2obayaRvZcKf8lBnHRrBtD8MelmdxjFOLBtLdSx8R1PAVoXMj6aSPQ-1-twYfcR9FAQIaNVqseE~awTww9FJdCv16hy0lEDtbkyCXJtD5JF8g4jcA73QAm5TRaTLsdFwvJI0ssr7B9eR3HTUUaGbc3lwk2C~vFlYrAfB4RHKRzetLFhyNSHNr9WVHJr6SINmWRdzJRm7Y0qHXBSXiYtyiPMHV0f0XMAiythAfRgpldD~Zac8IJSkS3N155w2lVpBmSt~e6KSZ9Ybau76jkynNoz2vzILloYHUiJ25BpIDbKZe0i3Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":80014671,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014671/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9060754.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014671/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014671/9060754-libre.pdf?1643648441=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAwareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=AAAoekj25N148TfJ3upNPw5vbd~s6UyIPWBnqamJ2SyMDheLg5ktt467kNrfrvoUWtDPMhTFGAp6tTrPTYrRY81ZzmZfppdMwUNkBm6WkMRVDiY7HYQ8NDH7uRVwacDgIUSmXF0IRr19tdEWV5ZazKLHamq2SpSurzVJExn7eY262cPfAe1-H2HtaeV3ggmlL6b0a~fe1HkXBvxiVL83l4DeN2zpMY7vqJWDbo1C7SHoiN6JLSC8WW0IARNSrFQCfusTBsv-2GN3YAJQ4wQQERRwYmaEgKV5ZeOCCQmxz4Ccml1SseKi9pCH-1KUt25nptLCpA7ZQPAK-xE6zdc0cg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":17166949,"url":"http://article.aascit.org/file/pdf/9060754.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163142-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163141"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163141/Consumption_of_Green_Tea_in_Professionals_and_Non_Professionals"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Consumption of Green Tea in Professionals and Non-Professionals" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Consumption of Green Tea in Professionals and Non-Professionals</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Introduction: Green tea is a beverage made up of the leaf buds, stem and leaf of the plant “Camel...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Introduction: Green tea is a beverage made up of the leaf buds, stem and leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensis”. It has several health effects. It is healthier than black tea; black tea is a fermented product of the same plant but with reduced activity. Polyphenols prevent inflammation and swelling. It also protects the bones, and prevents the joint degeneration. It is a potent carcinogenetic and also able to fight different viral infections. Green tea also contains 2% to 4% caffeine, which may improve brain messengers functions, important in Parkinson’s disease. Caffeine is potent CNS stimulant. It also stimulates heart and muscles, which result in the excess release of some chemicals in brain known as “neurotransmitters.” Caffeine can increase the urination. Antioxidants are also present in green tea that helps to protect the blood vessels and heart. Objective : Our study aims to find out the consumption of green tea in different age groups and genders belonging to different profes...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163141"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163141"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163141; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163141]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163141]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163141; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163141']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163141]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163141,"title":"Consumption of Green Tea in Professionals and Non-Professionals","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Introduction: Green tea is a beverage made up of the leaf buds, stem and leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensis”. It has several health effects. It is healthier than black tea; black tea is a fermented product of the same plant but with reduced activity. Polyphenols prevent inflammation and swelling. It also protects the bones, and prevents the joint degeneration. It is a potent carcinogenetic and also able to fight different viral infections. Green tea also contains 2% to 4% caffeine, which may improve brain messengers functions, important in Parkinson’s disease. Caffeine is potent CNS stimulant. It also stimulates heart and muscles, which result in the excess release of some chemicals in brain known as “neurotransmitters.” Caffeine can increase the urination. Antioxidants are also present in green tea that helps to protect the blood vessels and heart. Objective : Our study aims to find out the consumption of green tea in different age groups and genders belonging to different profes...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Introduction: Green tea is a beverage made up of the leaf buds, stem and leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensis”. It has several health effects. It is healthier than black tea; black tea is a fermented product of the same plant but with reduced activity. Polyphenols prevent inflammation and swelling. It also protects the bones, and prevents the joint degeneration. It is a potent carcinogenetic and also able to fight different viral infections. Green tea also contains 2% to 4% caffeine, which may improve brain messengers functions, important in Parkinson’s disease. Caffeine is potent CNS stimulant. It also stimulates heart and muscles, which result in the excess release of some chemicals in brain known as “neurotransmitters.” Caffeine can increase the urination. Antioxidants are also present in green tea that helps to protect the blood vessels and heart. Objective : Our study aims to find out the consumption of green tea in different age groups and genders belonging to different profes...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163141/Consumption_of_Green_Tea_in_Professionals_and_Non_Professionals","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.880-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Consumption_of_Green_Tea_in_Professionals_and_Non_Professionals","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Introduction: Green tea is a beverage made up of the leaf buds, stem and leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensis”. It has several health effects. It is healthier than black tea; black tea is a fermented product of the same plant but with reduced activity. Polyphenols prevent inflammation and swelling. It also protects the bones, and prevents the joint degeneration. It is a potent carcinogenetic and also able to fight different viral infections. Green tea also contains 2% to 4% caffeine, which may improve brain messengers functions, important in Parkinson’s disease. Caffeine is potent CNS stimulant. It also stimulates heart and muscles, which result in the excess release of some chemicals in brain known as “neurotransmitters.” Caffeine can increase the urination. Antioxidants are also present in green tea that helps to protect the blood vessels and heart. Objective : Our study aims to find out the consumption of green tea in different age groups and genders belonging to different profes...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":67129,"name":"Caffeine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caffeine"},{"id":82567,"name":"Green Tea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Tea"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163141-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163139"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163139/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefenamic_Acid_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Mefenamic Acid Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014675/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163139/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefenamic_Acid_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan">Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Mefenamic Acid Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The aim of this study is to check Pharmaceutical Equivalents of different brands of Mefenamic Aci...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The aim of this study is to check Pharmaceutical Equivalents of different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets (500 mg) were investigated in the study. Four quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, hardness test, friability test and disintegration test were carried out specified by BP/USP (British and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all the parameters such as weight variation, hardness, disintegration, friability were in accordance with BP/USP.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7ab4647f862149478783a99c5fa26051" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":80014675,"asset_id":70163139,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014675/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163139"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163139"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163139; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163139]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163139]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163139; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163139']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7ab4647f862149478783a99c5fa26051" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163139]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163139,"title":"Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Mefenamic Acid Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The aim of this study is to check Pharmaceutical Equivalents of different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets (500 mg) were investigated in the study. Four quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, hardness test, friability test and disintegration test were carried out specified by BP/USP (British and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all the parameters such as weight variation, hardness, disintegration, friability were in accordance with BP/USP.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"The aim of this study is to check Pharmaceutical Equivalents of different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets (500 mg) were investigated in the study. Four quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, hardness test, friability test and disintegration test were carried out specified by BP/USP (British and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all the parameters such as weight variation, hardness, disintegration, friability were in accordance with BP/USP.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163139/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefenamic_Acid_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.722-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80014675,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014675/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014675/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014675/165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205-libre.pdf?1643648439=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=QJQbW2nsQwKqu92xA-amt0EVbL2LjUeRr4H0p4ypH4bx4iMT9qBbxZi8dG~qEgkyQvkQWTroCEWyfLlcnlWkkYu1lMre01hXZmPozqYEsCm8i-0jmYxA5CYQOaRTXfUGI83PaMH5hgtHtN0mpCRieyBjtH60xFhBIhEvjkHCEqWZK14-JtPLr-9cU7WBrKdPmAiBUw1p6G3VSASBaLi375aG7Zn6yQM2tm1aaaghWjrhE-DG8qZ6qySeWbYADNHvChMYs8YGhKt0dZ~hExURdVAE7W~8gurOga1mCFd-6y3XECxem~b2yxWUlDDtSEGXPWnk5tBWc3ZmE66Yqy6NRg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefenamic_Acid_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The aim of this study is to check Pharmaceutical Equivalents of different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets (500 mg) were investigated in the study. Four quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, hardness test, friability test and disintegration test were carried out specified by BP/USP (British and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all the parameters such as weight variation, hardness, disintegration, friability were in accordance with BP/USP.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":80014675,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014675/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014675/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014675/165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205-libre.pdf?1643648439=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=QJQbW2nsQwKqu92xA-amt0EVbL2LjUeRr4H0p4ypH4bx4iMT9qBbxZi8dG~qEgkyQvkQWTroCEWyfLlcnlWkkYu1lMre01hXZmPozqYEsCm8i-0jmYxA5CYQOaRTXfUGI83PaMH5hgtHtN0mpCRieyBjtH60xFhBIhEvjkHCEqWZK14-JtPLr-9cU7WBrKdPmAiBUw1p6G3VSASBaLi375aG7Zn6yQM2tm1aaaghWjrhE-DG8qZ6qySeWbYADNHvChMYs8YGhKt0dZ~hExURdVAE7W~8gurOga1mCFd-6y3XECxem~b2yxWUlDDtSEGXPWnk5tBWc3ZmE66Yqy6NRg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":80014674,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014674/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014674/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014674/165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205-libre.pdf?1643648439=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=d3AVSMlsnWW96o87Qs5DhZQaHTrWz1Qu2l4CSbacgMmkJJTDdT1D4gJckxyN8L7VymLCwVEsi6hfEq0JAunc2CjuKEyRMYh2sn5Nd-sVGU4hFeA-m61yOa2XNjmz8T0aCneltiaodCliJicEwB5~ei6ILoriXPnaOGmJOFTK2p0uqq0mI8cLcFO5Oobhd9NvEpwRkylVNP2bw0i~qXkJ4~pMkRswRaQ10KdUTPZVAIakDMztNaR0zaT9xi~dgxni~z8skpnDND-MEMDBmtXGOm9f-NNHkWJrME59gEi72~HDT6xxCtqTxruooTS1gFk0IOnYZZS~bInO33~4XeXp5Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":17166947,"url":"http://jpps.juw.edu.pk/index.php/jpps/article/download/165/129/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163139-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163137"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163137/UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_forms"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection forms" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014698/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163137/UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_forms">UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection forms</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fd4f0f0697cf596eeac24ab521c8a0b4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":80014698,"asset_id":70163137,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014698/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163137"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163137"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163137; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163137]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163137]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163137; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163137']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fd4f0f0697cf596eeac24ab521c8a0b4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163137]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163137,"title":"UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection forms","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","ai_title_tag":"UV Spectrophotometric Analysis of Phenytoin in Bulk \u0026 Injectables"},"translated_abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163137/UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_forms","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.622-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80014698,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014698/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"download.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014698/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determinatio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014698/download-libre.pdf?1643648192=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUV_spectroscopic_method_for_determinatio.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=L2I38Mfbt~guLPb-msEEIIL~pID-LsbzmrUM0Tnsy9vrPlQwm8~3Ie0QcaEWiX~EHS2nIHp6MStRL1VCNMZiZcif14yF0ZCfHS6mlkiYe~zJaO~wYkXxxtO9LlA3D69fAJfgbFJbdjkFRtotVfbYZ4YUYlzOW6vOgVTq82H~5e779oYFCR~nSaL3KVIPWLt7vWr-TFbNE~-yXzVzU1yzpULM--YJvsm6oF4PhJv~BE-xfyH4Uy2KYDwi~BRYTQqrRDyQlKWzgwdLJJfRZZlJ-5UcAcgR1VOGjTvlpjhrrib4fb9Q6RDVBryoPnyzZs9sxqNrOhRwhJ0ZWb90Rh-Yyw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_forms","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":80014698,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014698/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"download.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014698/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determinatio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014698/download-libre.pdf?1643648192=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUV_spectroscopic_method_for_determinatio.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=L2I38Mfbt~guLPb-msEEIIL~pID-LsbzmrUM0Tnsy9vrPlQwm8~3Ie0QcaEWiX~EHS2nIHp6MStRL1VCNMZiZcif14yF0ZCfHS6mlkiYe~zJaO~wYkXxxtO9LlA3D69fAJfgbFJbdjkFRtotVfbYZ4YUYlzOW6vOgVTq82H~5e779oYFCR~nSaL3KVIPWLt7vWr-TFbNE~-yXzVzU1yzpULM--YJvsm6oF4PhJv~BE-xfyH4Uy2KYDwi~BRYTQqrRDyQlKWzgwdLJJfRZZlJ-5UcAcgR1VOGjTvlpjhrrib4fb9Q6RDVBryoPnyzZs9sxqNrOhRwhJ0ZWb90Rh-Yyw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":912835,"name":"Phenytoin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenytoin"},{"id":1688712,"name":"UV Spectroscopic Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UV_Spectroscopic_Method"},{"id":2911840,"name":"UV/ Vis spectrophotometric method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UV_Vis_spectrophotometric_method"},{"id":3225783,"name":"λmax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%CE%BBmax"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163137-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163135"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163135/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Losartan_Potassium_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Losartan Potassium Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Losartan Potassium Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The purpose of this study is to check pharmaceutical equivalence of altered brands of Losartan Po...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The purpose of this study is to check pharmaceutical equivalence of altered brands of Losartan Potassium tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Losartan Potassium tablets (50 mg) were investigated in the study. Five Quality Control (QC) parameters: Weight variation, thickness test, hardness, friability and disintegration tests were carried out as specified by BP/USP (British Pharmacopoeia and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all above mentioned tests are in accordance with BP/USP. Both brands of Losartan Potassium tablets are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163135"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163135"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163135; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163135]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163135]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163135; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163135']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163135]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163135,"title":"Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Losartan Potassium Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to check pharmaceutical equivalence of altered brands of Losartan Potassium tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Losartan Potassium tablets (50 mg) were investigated in the study. Five Quality Control (QC) parameters: Weight variation, thickness test, hardness, friability and disintegration tests were carried out as specified by BP/USP (British Pharmacopoeia and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all above mentioned tests are in accordance with BP/USP. Both brands of Losartan Potassium tablets are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.","publisher":"OMICS Publishing Group","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Bioequivalence \u0026 Bioavailability"},"translated_abstract":"The purpose of this study is to check pharmaceutical equivalence of altered brands of Losartan Potassium tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Losartan Potassium tablets (50 mg) were investigated in the study. Five Quality Control (QC) parameters: Weight variation, thickness test, hardness, friability and disintegration tests were carried out as specified by BP/USP (British Pharmacopoeia and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all above mentioned tests are in accordance with BP/USP. Both brands of Losartan Potassium tablets are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163135/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Losartan_Potassium_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.515-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Losartan_Potassium_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The purpose of this study is to check pharmaceutical equivalence of altered brands of Losartan Potassium tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Losartan Potassium tablets (50 mg) were investigated in the study. Five Quality Control (QC) parameters: Weight variation, thickness test, hardness, friability and disintegration tests were carried out as specified by BP/USP (British Pharmacopoeia and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all above mentioned tests are in accordance with BP/USP. Both brands of Losartan Potassium tablets are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":858316,"name":"Bioequivalence and Bioavailability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163135-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163133"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163133/Survey_on_Prevalence_of_Vitamin_D_as_Well_as_Calcium_Deficiency_Plus_Awareness_about_Osteopenia_and_Osteoporosis_in_Females"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Survey on Prevalence of Vitamin D as Well as Calcium Deficiency Plus Awareness about Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Females" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Survey on Prevalence of Vitamin D as Well as Calcium Deficiency Plus Awareness about Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Females</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Introduction: Calcium as well as vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Their deficiency may lead ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Introduction: Calcium as well as vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Their deficiency may lead to weak bones by lowering the density of bones, called to be as “osteopenia”. It is alarming sign for patient and healthy life style and adequate diet can control the further damage of bone. Inadequate care may lead to “Osteoporosis”, in which corrosion of bone tissue plinths and disruption of bone architecture take place, the bone becomes consequently fragile that a relatively minor smash or fall causes a fracture or vertebrae to ruin. The subsequent fracture may lead to loss of movement and individuality or freedom. Objective: Our study aims to realize the Frequency of Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency in females and also about awareness of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females in Karachi, Pakistan. Method: A cross-sectional and random method was used to collect data from females about their vitamin D and calcium level and also about the osteopenia and osteoporosis in Karachi, Pakistan in the month of January-March, 2015. Results: According to our survey on vitamin D and Calcium deficiency, we find 41% females are deficient to Ca and Vitamin D, 78% females feel pain in back, legs and joints, only 11% females have tested their Vitamin D level and 12% females have tested their Calcium levels. According to our survey on awareness about osteopenia and osteoporosis, we find that only 34% females have knowledge about osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion: According to our survey, we find that many females are Vitamin D and Calcium deficient but they are not aware about their deficiencies. Very less number of females has tested their Vitamin D and Calcium levels. Awareness about the osteopenia and osteoporosis is also less in females. Steps should be taken at National level to provide its awareness through booklets and proper usage of social media and also to measure blood levels of vitamin D for those who cannot afford it.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163133"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163133"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163133; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163133]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163133]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163133; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163133']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163133]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163133,"title":"Survey on Prevalence of Vitamin D as Well as Calcium Deficiency Plus Awareness about Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Females","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Introduction: Calcium as well as vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Their deficiency may lead to weak bones by lowering the density of bones, called to be as “osteopenia”. It is alarming sign for patient and healthy life style and adequate diet can control the further damage of bone. Inadequate care may lead to “Osteoporosis”, in which corrosion of bone tissue plinths and disruption of bone architecture take place, the bone becomes consequently fragile that a relatively minor smash or fall causes a fracture or vertebrae to ruin. The subsequent fracture may lead to loss of movement and individuality or freedom. Objective: Our study aims to realize the Frequency of Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency in females and also about awareness of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females in Karachi, Pakistan. Method: A cross-sectional and random method was used to collect data from females about their vitamin D and calcium level and also about the osteopenia and osteoporosis in Karachi, Pakistan in the month of January-March, 2015. Results: According to our survey on vitamin D and Calcium deficiency, we find 41% females are deficient to Ca and Vitamin D, 78% females feel pain in back, legs and joints, only 11% females have tested their Vitamin D level and 12% females have tested their Calcium levels. According to our survey on awareness about osteopenia and osteoporosis, we find that only 34% females have knowledge about osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion: According to our survey, we find that many females are Vitamin D and Calcium deficient but they are not aware about their deficiencies. Very less number of females has tested their Vitamin D and Calcium levels. Awareness about the osteopenia and osteoporosis is also less in females. Steps should be taken at National level to provide its awareness through booklets and proper usage of social media and also to measure blood levels of vitamin D for those who cannot afford it.","publisher":"OMICS Publishing Group","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Bioequivalence \u0026 Bioavailability"},"translated_abstract":"Introduction: Calcium as well as vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Their deficiency may lead to weak bones by lowering the density of bones, called to be as “osteopenia”. It is alarming sign for patient and healthy life style and adequate diet can control the further damage of bone. Inadequate care may lead to “Osteoporosis”, in which corrosion of bone tissue plinths and disruption of bone architecture take place, the bone becomes consequently fragile that a relatively minor smash or fall causes a fracture or vertebrae to ruin. The subsequent fracture may lead to loss of movement and individuality or freedom. Objective: Our study aims to realize the Frequency of Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency in females and also about awareness of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females in Karachi, Pakistan. Method: A cross-sectional and random method was used to collect data from females about their vitamin D and calcium level and also about the osteopenia and osteoporosis in Karachi, Pakistan in the month of January-March, 2015. Results: According to our survey on vitamin D and Calcium deficiency, we find 41% females are deficient to Ca and Vitamin D, 78% females feel pain in back, legs and joints, only 11% females have tested their Vitamin D level and 12% females have tested their Calcium levels. According to our survey on awareness about osteopenia and osteoporosis, we find that only 34% females have knowledge about osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion: According to our survey, we find that many females are Vitamin D and Calcium deficient but they are not aware about their deficiencies. Very less number of females has tested their Vitamin D and Calcium levels. Awareness about the osteopenia and osteoporosis is also less in females. Steps should be taken at National level to provide its awareness through booklets and proper usage of social media and also to measure blood levels of vitamin D for those who cannot afford it.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163133/Survey_on_Prevalence_of_Vitamin_D_as_Well_as_Calcium_Deficiency_Plus_Awareness_about_Osteopenia_and_Osteoporosis_in_Females","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.404-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Survey_on_Prevalence_of_Vitamin_D_as_Well_as_Calcium_Deficiency_Plus_Awareness_about_Osteopenia_and_Osteoporosis_in_Females","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Introduction: Calcium as well as vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Their deficiency may lead to weak bones by lowering the density of bones, called to be as “osteopenia”. It is alarming sign for patient and healthy life style and adequate diet can control the further damage of bone. Inadequate care may lead to “Osteoporosis”, in which corrosion of bone tissue plinths and disruption of bone architecture take place, the bone becomes consequently fragile that a relatively minor smash or fall causes a fracture or vertebrae to ruin. The subsequent fracture may lead to loss of movement and individuality or freedom. Objective: Our study aims to realize the Frequency of Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency in females and also about awareness of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females in Karachi, Pakistan. Method: A cross-sectional and random method was used to collect data from females about their vitamin D and calcium level and also about the osteopenia and osteoporosis in Karachi, Pakistan in the month of January-March, 2015. Results: According to our survey on vitamin D and Calcium deficiency, we find 41% females are deficient to Ca and Vitamin D, 78% females feel pain in back, legs and joints, only 11% females have tested their Vitamin D level and 12% females have tested their Calcium levels. According to our survey on awareness about osteopenia and osteoporosis, we find that only 34% females have knowledge about osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion: According to our survey, we find that many females are Vitamin D and Calcium deficient but they are not aware about their deficiencies. Very less number of females has tested their Vitamin D and Calcium levels. Awareness about the osteopenia and osteoporosis is also less in females. Steps should be taken at National level to provide its awareness through booklets and proper usage of social media and also to measure blood levels of vitamin D for those who cannot afford it.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":858316,"name":"Bioequivalence and Bioavailability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163133-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163132"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163132/Health_Related_Quality_of_Life_in_Patients_with_Asthma_Survey_based_Study_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Asthma, Survey based Study in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Asthma, Survey based Study in Karachi, Pakistan</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163132"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163132"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163132; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163132]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163132]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163132; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163132']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163132]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163132,"title":"Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Asthma, Survey based Study in Karachi, Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"OMICS Publishing Group","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Bioequivalence \u0026 Bioavailability"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163132/Health_Related_Quality_of_Life_in_Patients_with_Asthma_Survey_based_Study_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.294-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Health_Related_Quality_of_Life_in_Patients_with_Asthma_Survey_based_Study_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":858316,"name":"Bioequivalence and Bioavailability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163132-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163029"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163029/Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Different_Age_Groups_of_Karachi_A_Wakeup_Call_for_Antibiotic_Resistance_and_Future_Infections"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Irrational Use of Antibiotics, in Different Age Groups of Karachi: A Wakeup Call for Antibiotic Resistance and Future Infections" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014646/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163029/Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Different_Age_Groups_of_Karachi_A_Wakeup_Call_for_Antibiotic_Resistance_and_Future_Infections">Irrational Use of Antibiotics, in Different Age Groups of Karachi: A Wakeup Call for Antibiotic Resistance and Future Infections</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Antibiotics also acknowledged as antibacterial medications that inhibits or slows down the growth...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Antibiotics also acknowledged as antibacterial medications that inhibits or slows down the growth of bacteria. From discovery of antibiotics, decade added to the life expectancy of man. Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to resistance towards wide range of pathogens and bacteria. The emergence of resistance is threatening the usefulness of antibiotics. There is a dearth of novel agents to encounter the challenge of resistant strains. Our study aims to find out the current practice of irrational antibiotics prescribed by physicians to children and use of antibiotics among adults without prescription or with refilling of prescriptions having antibiotics as a self-medication. A cross-sectional method was use to collect data from different hospitals (from 100 children) and public places (from 200 adults) of Karachi, Pakistan. According to our survey, antibiotics are prescribed to 76% children, although many children have no need of it. According to our survey report on 200 adults 19.5% use antibiotics often, 23% purchase antibiotic without prescriptions, 52.5% never seek advice from health care professionals, 17% adults not follow complete course of antibiotics, 26.5% experienced serious side effects from antibiotics, 41% don't know that the misuse of antibiotic is harmful, while 27.5% thinks that the antibiotics they used will be effective in future for the same infection. 39% adults refills the previous prescription with antibiotics for the same infections they experienced in past whereas 25.5% adults share their prescription of antibiotic with others. We concluded that the major factor that leads to irrational use of antibiotic and its resistance is lack of awareness and improper prescription data by physicians.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7810c2d8f48c75b99dd650fa18c53fdb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":80014646,"asset_id":70163029,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014646/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163029"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163029"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163029; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163029]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163029]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163029; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163029']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7810c2d8f48c75b99dd650fa18c53fdb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163029]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163029,"title":"Irrational Use of Antibiotics, in Different Age Groups of Karachi: A Wakeup Call for Antibiotic Resistance and Future Infections","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"OMICS Publishing Group","grobid_abstract":"Antibiotics also acknowledged as antibacterial medications that inhibits or slows down the growth of bacteria. From discovery of antibiotics, decade added to the life expectancy of man. Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to resistance towards wide range of pathogens and bacteria. The emergence of resistance is threatening the usefulness of antibiotics. There is a dearth of novel agents to encounter the challenge of resistant strains. Our study aims to find out the current practice of irrational antibiotics prescribed by physicians to children and use of antibiotics among adults without prescription or with refilling of prescriptions having antibiotics as a self-medication. A cross-sectional method was use to collect data from different hospitals (from 100 children) and public places (from 200 adults) of Karachi, Pakistan. According to our survey, antibiotics are prescribed to 76% children, although many children have no need of it. According to our survey report on 200 adults 19.5% use antibiotics often, 23% purchase antibiotic without prescriptions, 52.5% never seek advice from health care professionals, 17% adults not follow complete course of antibiotics, 26.5% experienced serious side effects from antibiotics, 41% don't know that the misuse of antibiotic is harmful, while 27.5% thinks that the antibiotics they used will be effective in future for the same infection. 39% adults refills the previous prescription with antibiotics for the same infections they experienced in past whereas 25.5% adults share their prescription of antibiotic with others. We concluded that the major factor that leads to irrational use of antibiotic and its resistance is lack of awareness and improper prescription data by physicians.","publication_name":"Journal of Bioequivalence \u0026 Bioavailability","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":80014646},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163029/Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Different_Age_Groups_of_Karachi_A_Wakeup_Call_for_Antibiotic_Resistance_and_Future_Infections","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:29:06.878-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80014646,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014646/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"irrational-use-of-antibiotics-in-different-age-groups-of-karachi-a-wakeupcall-for-antibiotic-resistance-and-future-infections-jbb-100030.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014646/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Differe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014646/irrational-use-of-antibiotics-in-different-age-groups-of-karachi-a-wakeupcall-for-antibiotic-resistance-and-future-infections-jbb-100030-libre.pdf?1643648449=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIrrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Differe.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=dw4kuv7yA0xu93gSA8ZRNWAJD4~WcIlC5l6lEghIPDpoYgffekZJrfLp0er3RqPPH~KXCGuw7A-Qwv3qAuZJK9MalXEt-45rsoy80-t77LMbcjO-Z7ecHrVbjVq0wlmUvASkTaV180Pd3o2dmMNvW6jVSLVt9K9h33QIeKiOyvOQJEK-hbWG8iUbCNBU25aJP9Dedrlp66UwFqnu0ZXK3qtsAT77yfBNc8jPaz~JhD~13xr74ferBlymeJjnsDaV4HQKZ8RxITWHalykADPbEcaAngzcyBm77uDfYvClNDDh1MuZkXdoZjWWUow0noiHDh6XIu6Aw2Rk0Xh~O9~eXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Different_Age_Groups_of_Karachi_A_Wakeup_Call_for_Antibiotic_Resistance_and_Future_Infections","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Antibiotics also acknowledged as antibacterial medications that inhibits or slows down the growth of bacteria. From discovery of antibiotics, decade added to the life expectancy of man. Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to resistance towards wide range of pathogens and bacteria. The emergence of resistance is threatening the usefulness of antibiotics. There is a dearth of novel agents to encounter the challenge of resistant strains. Our study aims to find out the current practice of irrational antibiotics prescribed by physicians to children and use of antibiotics among adults without prescription or with refilling of prescriptions having antibiotics as a self-medication. A cross-sectional method was use to collect data from different hospitals (from 100 children) and public places (from 200 adults) of Karachi, Pakistan. According to our survey, antibiotics are prescribed to 76% children, although many children have no need of it. According to our survey report on 200 adults 19.5% use antibiotics often, 23% purchase antibiotic without prescriptions, 52.5% never seek advice from health care professionals, 17% adults not follow complete course of antibiotics, 26.5% experienced serious side effects from antibiotics, 41% don't know that the misuse of antibiotic is harmful, while 27.5% thinks that the antibiotics they used will be effective in future for the same infection. 39% adults refills the previous prescription with antibiotics for the same infections they experienced in past whereas 25.5% adults share their prescription of antibiotic with others. We concluded that the major factor that leads to irrational use of antibiotic and its resistance is lack of awareness and improper prescription data by physicians.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":80014646,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014646/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"irrational-use-of-antibiotics-in-different-age-groups-of-karachi-a-wakeupcall-for-antibiotic-resistance-and-future-infections-jbb-100030.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014646/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Differe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014646/irrational-use-of-antibiotics-in-different-age-groups-of-karachi-a-wakeupcall-for-antibiotic-resistance-and-future-infections-jbb-100030-libre.pdf?1643648449=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIrrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Differe.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=dw4kuv7yA0xu93gSA8ZRNWAJD4~WcIlC5l6lEghIPDpoYgffekZJrfLp0er3RqPPH~KXCGuw7A-Qwv3qAuZJK9MalXEt-45rsoy80-t77LMbcjO-Z7ecHrVbjVq0wlmUvASkTaV180Pd3o2dmMNvW6jVSLVt9K9h33QIeKiOyvOQJEK-hbWG8iUbCNBU25aJP9Dedrlp66UwFqnu0ZXK3qtsAT77yfBNc8jPaz~JhD~13xr74ferBlymeJjnsDaV4HQKZ8RxITWHalykADPbEcaAngzcyBm77uDfYvClNDDh1MuZkXdoZjWWUow0noiHDh6XIu6Aw2Rk0Xh~O9~eXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":858316,"name":"Bioequivalence and Bioavailability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163029-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37656300"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656300/2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 2018 UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection form.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643557/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656300/2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form_pdf">2018 UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection form.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d24a377a690373b53d73506dd67273f0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57643557,"asset_id":37656300,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643557/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37656300"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37656300"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656300; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656300]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656300]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656300; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37656300']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d24a377a690373b53d73506dd67273f0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37656300]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37656300,"title":"2018 UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection form.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","ai_title_tag":"UV Method for Phenytoin Analysis in Bulk/Injections"},"translated_abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37656300/2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-10-26T19:51:03.901-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":31993522,"work_id":37656300,"tagging_user_id":11808804,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2078613,"email":"e***i@bosaljournals.com","display_order":0,"name":"Chemistry International","title":"2018 UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection form.pdf"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57643557,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643557/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643557/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643557/2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form-libre.pdf?1540608925=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=fb9eQjsOh2~3L27UKvey06AgkDEVJtTPWOZKJuptSV1FF1UWZW8dgzVvR1xgJhKObDY~8eCUmZL7rXYANvbWqV~SYTs2HS215Cdt8awoiNHoISX16EUXoLLGJ2owXEoglnoFodUU2O3Z8sMvSnYjLhnHM1ORSt4oXLSvTbPLMOd9iQ5qdtzEwxQZ9OTobkIGW-LnqO-g6bYXdtkEfJO5jOjJc0xHtwcGfphqKIPaXiPxbdVA9yuo7CELvawH6YtzkkAtQXuSNShViBhUkhg601dav9BwK9md1fRh-GhLajsJpwEhSwsBGl96zipCYU6FcveMM3~9bi6xe2QmQDCCpw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":57643557,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643557/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643557/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643557/2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form-libre.pdf?1540608925=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=fb9eQjsOh2~3L27UKvey06AgkDEVJtTPWOZKJuptSV1FF1UWZW8dgzVvR1xgJhKObDY~8eCUmZL7rXYANvbWqV~SYTs2HS215Cdt8awoiNHoISX16EUXoLLGJ2owXEoglnoFodUU2O3Z8sMvSnYjLhnHM1ORSt4oXLSvTbPLMOd9iQ5qdtzEwxQZ9OTobkIGW-LnqO-g6bYXdtkEfJO5jOjJc0xHtwcGfphqKIPaXiPxbdVA9yuo7CELvawH6YtzkkAtQXuSNShViBhUkhg601dav9BwK9md1fRh-GhLajsJpwEhSwsBGl96zipCYU6FcveMM3~9bi6xe2QmQDCCpw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37656300-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37656299"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656299/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work_for_Fexofenadine_Preparations_Accessible_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pharmaceutical Equivalent Analysis Work for Fexofenadine Preparations Accessible in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643556/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656299/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work_for_Fexofenadine_Preparations_Accessible_in_Pakistan">Pharmaceutical Equivalent Analysis Work for Fexofenadine Preparations Accessible in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFH) is a second-generation oral antihistamine which has been widely ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFH) is a second-generation oral antihistamine which has been widely prescribed for alleviating symptoms of Allergic rhinitis in children [1]. Fexofenadine is a non-sedating antihistamine approved for treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and considerably reduced pruritus severity [2]. Fexofenadine HCl is safe and effective for treatment of fall SAR, with 60 mg bid being the best therapeutic dose [3]. Fexofenadine is a selective, peripheral H1-receptor antagonist with fast, durable activity. it's well endured, and not concomitant with sedation or cardio toxicity [4]. Fexofenadine HCl has no important consequence on QTc, even at doses > 10-fold bigger than that's efficacious for SAR [5]. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was considerably more practical in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. The foremost common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, nausea, viral infection, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue. Fexofenadine encompasses a high fringe of safety and is additionally well endured in subjects with nephritic or hepatic impairment, in kids and also the aged [6]. Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), characterised by the looks of itchy wheals of unknown etiology, are often staggeringly enervating and might expressively cut back a patient's quality of life (QOL) treated by Fexofenadine [7]. The second generation histamine H(1)-receptor antagonists are necessary therapeutic tools within the treatment of atopic illness and probably will have an area as an adjunct medical care for those patients whose allergic asthma coexists with allergic rhinitis [8]. The nonsedating histamine H1 receptor antagonist fexofenadine is the active metabolite of terfenadine. It reduced the allergic response in animal models of allergy and did not prolong the QT interval (QTc) in dogs or rabbits at plasma concentrations many times higher than those seen after administration of therapeutic dosages. Similarly, relative to placebo, fexofenadine did not affect mean QTc in patients given dosages of up to 480 mg/day for 2 weeks or in volunteers who received up to 800 mg/day for 6 days or 240 mg/ day for 12 months. In a double-blind clinical trial, oral fexofenadine 120 or 180mg once daily controlled symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis as effectively as cetirizine. Other double-blind clinical trials showed that fexofenadine 40 to 240mg twice daily was significantly more effective than placebo. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was significantly more effective than placebo in patients with chronic idiopathic urticarial. The drug was well tolerated in these clinical trials, with an adverse event profile similar to that seen with placebo. The most common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, viral infection, nausea, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue [9]. Fexofenadine is administered as a racemic mixture of (R)-and (S)-enantiomers. The plasma concentrations of (R)-fexofenadine in humans are about 1.5-fold higher than those of the (S)-enantiomer. Such differences in the pharmacokinetics between fexofenadine enantiomers are likely to be dependent on stereo selectivity for affinity to drug-transporters [10]. The aim of study is to assess whether the 3 brands of Fexofenadine tablets are pharmaceutical equivalent or not. This type of study will provide a better alternative for the patient in various cases like lack of resources or unavailability of some brands. We tend to have already got been indulged in such sort of studies [11,12]. The objective of this study is to envision pharmaceutical equivalence of various brands of Fexofenadine tablets accessible in Karachi, Pakistan. Three different brands of Fexofenadine tablets (60mg) were investigated in the study. Five quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability and disintegration were applied nominative by BP/USP (British and united state pharmacopoeia). The results of study evident that the parameters like weight variation, thickness, hardness, disintegration and friability are in accordance with BP/USP. Entirely 3 brands of Fexofenadine are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="04a1af9b18c630ffec5b35e380b10ce1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57643556,"asset_id":37656299,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643556/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37656299"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37656299"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656299; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656299]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656299]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656299; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37656299']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "04a1af9b18c630ffec5b35e380b10ce1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37656299]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37656299,"title":"Pharmaceutical Equivalent Analysis Work for Fexofenadine Preparations Accessible in Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFH) is a second-generation oral antihistamine which has been widely prescribed for alleviating symptoms of Allergic rhinitis in children [1]. Fexofenadine is a non-sedating antihistamine approved for treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and considerably reduced pruritus severity [2]. Fexofenadine HCl is safe and effective for treatment of fall SAR, with 60 mg bid being the best therapeutic dose [3]. Fexofenadine is a selective, peripheral H1-receptor antagonist with fast, durable activity. it's well endured, and not concomitant with sedation or cardio toxicity [4]. Fexofenadine HCl has no important consequence on QTc, even at doses \u003e 10-fold bigger than that's efficacious for SAR [5]. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was considerably more practical in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. The foremost common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, nausea, viral infection, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue. Fexofenadine encompasses a high fringe of safety and is additionally well endured in subjects with nephritic or hepatic impairment, in kids and also the aged [6]. Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), characterised by the looks of itchy wheals of unknown etiology, are often staggeringly enervating and might expressively cut back a patient's quality of life (QOL) treated by Fexofenadine [7]. The second generation histamine H(1)-receptor antagonists are necessary therapeutic tools within the treatment of atopic illness and probably will have an area as an adjunct medical care for those patients whose allergic asthma coexists with allergic rhinitis [8]. The nonsedating histamine H1 receptor antagonist fexofenadine is the active metabolite of terfenadine. It reduced the allergic response in animal models of allergy and did not prolong the QT interval (QTc) in dogs or rabbits at plasma concentrations many times higher than those seen after administration of therapeutic dosages. Similarly, relative to placebo, fexofenadine did not affect mean QTc in patients given dosages of up to 480 mg/day for 2 weeks or in volunteers who received up to 800 mg/day for 6 days or 240 mg/ day for 12 months. In a double-blind clinical trial, oral fexofenadine 120 or 180mg once daily controlled symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis as effectively as cetirizine. Other double-blind clinical trials showed that fexofenadine 40 to 240mg twice daily was significantly more effective than placebo. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was significantly more effective than placebo in patients with chronic idiopathic urticarial. The drug was well tolerated in these clinical trials, with an adverse event profile similar to that seen with placebo. The most common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, viral infection, nausea, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue [9]. Fexofenadine is administered as a racemic mixture of (R)-and (S)-enantiomers. The plasma concentrations of (R)-fexofenadine in humans are about 1.5-fold higher than those of the (S)-enantiomer. Such differences in the pharmacokinetics between fexofenadine enantiomers are likely to be dependent on stereo selectivity for affinity to drug-transporters [10]. The aim of study is to assess whether the 3 brands of Fexofenadine tablets are pharmaceutical equivalent or not. This type of study will provide a better alternative for the patient in various cases like lack of resources or unavailability of some brands. We tend to have already got been indulged in such sort of studies [11,12]. The objective of this study is to envision pharmaceutical equivalence of various brands of Fexofenadine tablets accessible in Karachi, Pakistan. Three different brands of Fexofenadine tablets (60mg) were investigated in the study. Five quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability and disintegration were applied nominative by BP/USP (British and united state pharmacopoeia). The results of study evident that the parameters like weight variation, thickness, hardness, disintegration and friability are in accordance with BP/USP. Entirely 3 brands of Fexofenadine are Pharmaceutical Equivalent."},"translated_abstract":"Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFH) is a second-generation oral antihistamine which has been widely prescribed for alleviating symptoms of Allergic rhinitis in children [1]. Fexofenadine is a non-sedating antihistamine approved for treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and considerably reduced pruritus severity [2]. Fexofenadine HCl is safe and effective for treatment of fall SAR, with 60 mg bid being the best therapeutic dose [3]. Fexofenadine is a selective, peripheral H1-receptor antagonist with fast, durable activity. it's well endured, and not concomitant with sedation or cardio toxicity [4]. Fexofenadine HCl has no important consequence on QTc, even at doses \u003e 10-fold bigger than that's efficacious for SAR [5]. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was considerably more practical in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. The foremost common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, nausea, viral infection, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue. Fexofenadine encompasses a high fringe of safety and is additionally well endured in subjects with nephritic or hepatic impairment, in kids and also the aged [6]. Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), characterised by the looks of itchy wheals of unknown etiology, are often staggeringly enervating and might expressively cut back a patient's quality of life (QOL) treated by Fexofenadine [7]. The second generation histamine H(1)-receptor antagonists are necessary therapeutic tools within the treatment of atopic illness and probably will have an area as an adjunct medical care for those patients whose allergic asthma coexists with allergic rhinitis [8]. The nonsedating histamine H1 receptor antagonist fexofenadine is the active metabolite of terfenadine. It reduced the allergic response in animal models of allergy and did not prolong the QT interval (QTc) in dogs or rabbits at plasma concentrations many times higher than those seen after administration of therapeutic dosages. Similarly, relative to placebo, fexofenadine did not affect mean QTc in patients given dosages of up to 480 mg/day for 2 weeks or in volunteers who received up to 800 mg/day for 6 days or 240 mg/ day for 12 months. In a double-blind clinical trial, oral fexofenadine 120 or 180mg once daily controlled symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis as effectively as cetirizine. Other double-blind clinical trials showed that fexofenadine 40 to 240mg twice daily was significantly more effective than placebo. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was significantly more effective than placebo in patients with chronic idiopathic urticarial. The drug was well tolerated in these clinical trials, with an adverse event profile similar to that seen with placebo. The most common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, viral infection, nausea, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue [9]. Fexofenadine is administered as a racemic mixture of (R)-and (S)-enantiomers. The plasma concentrations of (R)-fexofenadine in humans are about 1.5-fold higher than those of the (S)-enantiomer. Such differences in the pharmacokinetics between fexofenadine enantiomers are likely to be dependent on stereo selectivity for affinity to drug-transporters [10]. The aim of study is to assess whether the 3 brands of Fexofenadine tablets are pharmaceutical equivalent or not. This type of study will provide a better alternative for the patient in various cases like lack of resources or unavailability of some brands. We tend to have already got been indulged in such sort of studies [11,12]. The objective of this study is to envision pharmaceutical equivalence of various brands of Fexofenadine tablets accessible in Karachi, Pakistan. Three different brands of Fexofenadine tablets (60mg) were investigated in the study. Five quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability and disintegration were applied nominative by BP/USP (British and united state pharmacopoeia). The results of study evident that the parameters like weight variation, thickness, hardness, disintegration and friability are in accordance with BP/USP. Entirely 3 brands of Fexofenadine are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37656299/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work_for_Fexofenadine_Preparations_Accessible_in_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-10-26T19:51:03.698-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57643556,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643556/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_Pharmaceutical-Equivalent-Analysis-Work-for-Fexofenadine-Preparations-Accessible-in-Pakistan.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643556/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643556/2018_Pharmaceutical-Equivalent-Analysis-Work-for-Fexofenadine-Preparations-Accessible-in-Pakistan-libre.pdf?1540608917=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=Z4z1Fbp-kPtVCh~aSbudHk9jEJjs9vQWae-rFjFob-l-6gee3tZUuTFMwZFo38o4t-mpme9oXeU8Yc~QI9hipGtb3ijpyix9x4XFOXH3bXdVAGgx12K~VFiyPDPeKTWovEgZEwFkPQt9-52nJ2eZMcDZ6QRJgJNROZKHb2TLe4~lQIimLIbzh4ptyEqeRmGtvQN-u9ZWnWl~kL5h-TAsKkL9EOxIHTHdzbqB6wGG4FAOPimsNc5-JQH6TkkyI~SeJe8GYdO6kGvEhQrGvREbnw9Xddo12r0EAAvCVyuC229roue-IuxPCSEX8rFHpEQdMIHBa4YP8tQ~1iDSLmek2A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work_for_Fexofenadine_Preparations_Accessible_in_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFH) is a second-generation oral antihistamine which has been widely prescribed for alleviating symptoms of Allergic rhinitis in children [1]. Fexofenadine is a non-sedating antihistamine approved for treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and considerably reduced pruritus severity [2]. Fexofenadine HCl is safe and effective for treatment of fall SAR, with 60 mg bid being the best therapeutic dose [3]. Fexofenadine is a selective, peripheral H1-receptor antagonist with fast, durable activity. it's well endured, and not concomitant with sedation or cardio toxicity [4]. Fexofenadine HCl has no important consequence on QTc, even at doses \u003e 10-fold bigger than that's efficacious for SAR [5]. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was considerably more practical in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. The foremost common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, nausea, viral infection, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue. Fexofenadine encompasses a high fringe of safety and is additionally well endured in subjects with nephritic or hepatic impairment, in kids and also the aged [6]. Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), characterised by the looks of itchy wheals of unknown etiology, are often staggeringly enervating and might expressively cut back a patient's quality of life (QOL) treated by Fexofenadine [7]. The second generation histamine H(1)-receptor antagonists are necessary therapeutic tools within the treatment of atopic illness and probably will have an area as an adjunct medical care for those patients whose allergic asthma coexists with allergic rhinitis [8]. The nonsedating histamine H1 receptor antagonist fexofenadine is the active metabolite of terfenadine. It reduced the allergic response in animal models of allergy and did not prolong the QT interval (QTc) in dogs or rabbits at plasma concentrations many times higher than those seen after administration of therapeutic dosages. Similarly, relative to placebo, fexofenadine did not affect mean QTc in patients given dosages of up to 480 mg/day for 2 weeks or in volunteers who received up to 800 mg/day for 6 days or 240 mg/ day for 12 months. In a double-blind clinical trial, oral fexofenadine 120 or 180mg once daily controlled symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis as effectively as cetirizine. Other double-blind clinical trials showed that fexofenadine 40 to 240mg twice daily was significantly more effective than placebo. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was significantly more effective than placebo in patients with chronic idiopathic urticarial. The drug was well tolerated in these clinical trials, with an adverse event profile similar to that seen with placebo. The most common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, viral infection, nausea, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue [9]. Fexofenadine is administered as a racemic mixture of (R)-and (S)-enantiomers. The plasma concentrations of (R)-fexofenadine in humans are about 1.5-fold higher than those of the (S)-enantiomer. Such differences in the pharmacokinetics between fexofenadine enantiomers are likely to be dependent on stereo selectivity for affinity to drug-transporters [10]. The aim of study is to assess whether the 3 brands of Fexofenadine tablets are pharmaceutical equivalent or not. This type of study will provide a better alternative for the patient in various cases like lack of resources or unavailability of some brands. We tend to have already got been indulged in such sort of studies [11,12]. The objective of this study is to envision pharmaceutical equivalence of various brands of Fexofenadine tablets accessible in Karachi, Pakistan. Three different brands of Fexofenadine tablets (60mg) were investigated in the study. Five quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability and disintegration were applied nominative by BP/USP (British and united state pharmacopoeia). The results of study evident that the parameters like weight variation, thickness, hardness, disintegration and friability are in accordance with BP/USP. Entirely 3 brands of Fexofenadine are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":57643556,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643556/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_Pharmaceutical-Equivalent-Analysis-Work-for-Fexofenadine-Preparations-Accessible-in-Pakistan.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643556/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643556/2018_Pharmaceutical-Equivalent-Analysis-Work-for-Fexofenadine-Preparations-Accessible-in-Pakistan-libre.pdf?1540608917=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=Z4z1Fbp-kPtVCh~aSbudHk9jEJjs9vQWae-rFjFob-l-6gee3tZUuTFMwZFo38o4t-mpme9oXeU8Yc~QI9hipGtb3ijpyix9x4XFOXH3bXdVAGgx12K~VFiyPDPeKTWovEgZEwFkPQt9-52nJ2eZMcDZ6QRJgJNROZKHb2TLe4~lQIimLIbzh4ptyEqeRmGtvQN-u9ZWnWl~kL5h-TAsKkL9EOxIHTHdzbqB6wGG4FAOPimsNc5-JQH6TkkyI~SeJe8GYdO6kGvEhQrGvREbnw9Xddo12r0EAAvCVyuC229roue-IuxPCSEX8rFHpEQdMIHBa4YP8tQ~1iDSLmek2A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":140,"name":"Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology"},{"id":656,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37656299-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37656298"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656298/Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643555/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656298/Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method">Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed">Asra Hameed</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://juw.academia.edu/DrSomiaGul">Prof. Dr. Somia Gul</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r 2 =0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-37656298-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-37656298-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729635/table-4-statistical-evaluation-of-inter-day-and-intra-day"><img alt="Table 4: Statistical evaluation of inter-day and intra-day precision studies. Limit of Detection (LOD) & Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) LOD in addition to LOQ were appraised via the regression " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729563/figure-1-chemical-structure-of-velpatasvir"><img alt="Figure 1: Chemical structure of Velpatasvir. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729569/figure-2-the-correlation-coefficient-was-found-to"><img alt="The correlation coefficient was found to Figure 2: Calibration curve for velpatasvir. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729588/table-1-calibration-data-of-velpatasvir-for-absorbance"><img alt="Table 1: Calibration data of velpatasvir for absorbance maxima. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729598/table-3-accuracy-and-recovery-of-the-developed-method"><img alt="Table 3: Accuracy and recovery of the developed method. substance and is adequate for routine analysis. Based on the % recovery data, it was concluded that the developed method is capable for the estimation of VEL drug Based on the % recovery data, it was concluded that the " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729611/table-2-parameters-from-the-calibration-curve-to-at-three"><img alt="Table 2: Parameters from the calibration curve. 100.00% to 100.35% at three different concentration levels, Accuracy " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729621/table-5-lod-and-loq-of-velpatasvir-and-no-hindrance-was"><img alt="Table 5: LOD and LOQ of Velpatasvir. and no hindrance was observed in placebo and in sample. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-37656298-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d8f9a5d9c604dcc680aacbea04d905de" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57643555,"asset_id":37656298,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643555/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37656298"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37656298"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656298; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656298]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656298]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656298; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37656298']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d8f9a5d9c604dcc680aacbea04d905de" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37656298]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37656298,"title":"Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r 2 =0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form."},"translated_abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r 2 =0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37656298/Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-10-26T19:51:03.689-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":31993520,"work_id":37656298,"tagging_user_id":11808804,"tagged_user_id":1761826,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***3@yahoo.com","affiliation":"Jinnah University For Women","display_order":1,"name":"Prof. Dr. Somia Gul","title":"Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57643555,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643555/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_Development_and_Validation_of_UV-Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643555/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643555/2018_Development_and_Validation_of_UV-Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir-libre.pdf?1540608917=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDevelopment_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectro.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=N7WNrQUZNOZDs-zDB5HQBfPIyklVO1ei8nByHhZJ1v7pzeqZeLh62tbA9tgpRPztPReWOszigXXgpLitlhUF5Jei1QMtCv~gDL7dPBtOd4Q16774knqwDXcZNHp-7eHlZgDNRLpzA-s-GLuIh256UnNVAyBbvFHlTtOQe-m8waLx-H8xc4Dil84fpsaPx62gkmLMiR2t2D-JYfdY6PAKcG0NlW-Os2VKyhMw5jcQgt8h2r8~0ZBiBHug8NdQVfqpSb6VEgj11sT0dwbu64-InEPDueBdRecYJoqC1l4Q9RTbjhZGsdwav45tiFsovPCkvvksmJyGngnH6W7NbIHCGQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r 2 =0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":57643555,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643555/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_Development_and_Validation_of_UV-Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643555/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643555/2018_Development_and_Validation_of_UV-Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir-libre.pdf?1540608917=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDevelopment_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectro.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=N7WNrQUZNOZDs-zDB5HQBfPIyklVO1ei8nByHhZJ1v7pzeqZeLh62tbA9tgpRPztPReWOszigXXgpLitlhUF5Jei1QMtCv~gDL7dPBtOd4Q16774knqwDXcZNHp-7eHlZgDNRLpzA-s-GLuIh256UnNVAyBbvFHlTtOQe-m8waLx-H8xc4Dil84fpsaPx62gkmLMiR2t2D-JYfdY6PAKcG0NlW-Os2VKyhMw5jcQgt8h2r8~0ZBiBHug8NdQVfqpSb6VEgj11sT0dwbu64-InEPDueBdRecYJoqC1l4Q9RTbjhZGsdwav45tiFsovPCkvvksmJyGngnH6W7NbIHCGQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":140,"name":"Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology"},{"id":656,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy"},{"id":1190239,"name":"Cytotoxic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytotoxic"},{"id":1439329,"name":"Methanolic Extract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methanolic_Extract"},{"id":2272583,"name":"MTT assay","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MTT_assay"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37656298-figures'); } }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="4847372" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="98259429"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/98259429/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Bioequivalence & Bioavailability</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Ofloxacin is used to treat a bacterial infection. It is indicated for the treatment of adults wit...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Ofloxacin is used to treat a bacterial infection. It is indicated for the treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections triggered by susceptible strains of the nominated microorganisms in the infections likes acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea, nongonococcal urethiritis and cervicitis, mixed infections of the urethra and cervix, acute pelvic inflammatory disease (including severe infection), uncomplicated cystitis, complicated urinary tract infections and prostatitis. The most common side-effects are feeling sick, diarrhea, feeling dizzy and headache. Spectrophotometry is regarded as by its speed and simplicity, accuracy and inexpensive instrument needed, and hence it is a significant substitute to further analytical methods, through clear advantages in terms of cost of analysis. Assay of Ofloxacin tablets is carried out by a r...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="98259429"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="98259429"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98259429; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98259429]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=98259429]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 98259429; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='98259429']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=98259429]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":98259429,"title":"Bioequivalence \u0026 Bioavailability","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Ofloxacin is used to treat a bacterial infection. It is indicated for the treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections triggered by susceptible strains of the nominated microorganisms in the infections likes acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea, nongonococcal urethiritis and cervicitis, mixed infections of the urethra and cervix, acute pelvic inflammatory disease (including severe infection), uncomplicated cystitis, complicated urinary tract infections and prostatitis. The most common side-effects are feeling sick, diarrhea, feeling dizzy and headache. Spectrophotometry is regarded as by its speed and simplicity, accuracy and inexpensive instrument needed, and hence it is a significant substitute to further analytical methods, through clear advantages in terms of cost of analysis. Assay of Ofloxacin tablets is carried out by a r...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Ofloxacin is used to treat a bacterial infection. It is indicated for the treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections triggered by susceptible strains of the nominated microorganisms in the infections likes acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea, nongonococcal urethiritis and cervicitis, mixed infections of the urethra and cervix, acute pelvic inflammatory disease (including severe infection), uncomplicated cystitis, complicated urinary tract infections and prostatitis. The most common side-effects are feeling sick, diarrhea, feeling dizzy and headache. Spectrophotometry is regarded as by its speed and simplicity, accuracy and inexpensive instrument needed, and hence it is a significant substitute to further analytical methods, through clear advantages in terms of cost of analysis. Assay of Ofloxacin tablets is carried out by a r...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/98259429/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-03-09T23:35:39.670-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Ofloxacin is used to treat a bacterial infection. It is indicated for the treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections triggered by susceptible strains of the nominated microorganisms in the infections likes acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections, acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea, nongonococcal urethiritis and cervicitis, mixed infections of the urethra and cervix, acute pelvic inflammatory disease (including severe infection), uncomplicated cystitis, complicated urinary tract infections and prostatitis. The most common side-effects are feeling sick, diarrhea, feeling dizzy and headache. Spectrophotometry is regarded as by its speed and simplicity, accuracy and inexpensive instrument needed, and hence it is a significant substitute to further analytical methods, through clear advantages in terms of cost of analysis. Assay of Ofloxacin tablets is carried out by a r...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-98259429-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163150"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163150/Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in_different_age_groups_in_tertiary_health_care_centers_of_Karachi"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Use of 3rd generation cephalosporins in different age groups in tertiary health care centers of Karachi" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014672/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163150/Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in_different_age_groups_in_tertiary_health_care_centers_of_Karachi">Use of 3rd generation cephalosporins in different age groups in tertiary health care centers of Karachi</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Prescription writing is the key part in healthcare provision. The caution use of antibiotics is v...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Prescription writing is the key part in healthcare provision. The caution use of antibiotics is very important as their resistance can be life threatening. Our study aims to find out the current prescribing practice of the antibiotics, specially the use of cephalosporins for Pediatric in tertiary health care centres situated in Karachi. Cross sectional, random sampling method was used to collect data of patients from different hospitals & health cares in the city of Karachi from September to November 2013. Antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs. On the other hand Antibiotics are available and sold throughout the whole city without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner, which is one of the causes for overuse of antibiotics resulting in becoming the bacteria & other microbes resistant to antibiotics. Our result shows that altogether 50 patients, 13 males and 14 females (54 %), were using third generation cephalosporins.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-70163150-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-70163150-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129087/figure-1-use-of-rd-generation-cephalosporins-in-different"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129095/figure-1-use-of-cephalosporin-in-different-age-group-use-of"><img alt="Figure 1: Use of cephalosporin in different age group Figure 2: Use of cephalosporins in different gender " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129103/table-2-use-of-cephalosporin-in-different-age-group-chi"><img alt="Table: Use of cephalosporin in different age group Table 2: Chi-Square Tests for different age group " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129114/table-3-cells-have-expected-count-less-than-the-minimum"><img alt="a: 18 cells (90.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 18. Table 3: Use of cephalosporins in different gender " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129124/table-3-use-of-rd-generation-cephalosporins-in-different-age"><img alt="" class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/34129137/table-4-cells-have-expected-count-less-than-the-minimum"><img alt="a: 4 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.44. Table 4: Chi-Square Tests for different gender " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/80014672/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-70163150-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="11cccd12c492edcef7ee2427170b76dc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":80014672,"asset_id":70163150,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014672/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163150"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163150"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163150; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163150]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163150]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163150; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163150']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "11cccd12c492edcef7ee2427170b76dc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163150]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163150,"title":"Use of 3rd generation cephalosporins in different age groups in tertiary health care centers of Karachi","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Prescription writing is the key part in healthcare provision. The caution use of antibiotics is very important as their resistance can be life threatening. Our study aims to find out the current prescribing practice of the antibiotics, specially the use of cephalosporins for Pediatric in tertiary health care centres situated in Karachi. Cross sectional, random sampling method was used to collect data of patients from different hospitals \u0026 health cares in the city of Karachi from September to November 2013. Antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs. On the other hand Antibiotics are available and sold throughout the whole city without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner, which is one of the causes for overuse of antibiotics resulting in becoming the bacteria \u0026 other microbes resistant to antibiotics. Our result shows that altogether 50 patients, 13 males and 14 females (54 %), were using third generation cephalosporins.","ai_title_tag":"3rd Generation Cephalosporin Use in Karachi","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Prescription writing is the key part in healthcare provision. The caution use of antibiotics is very important as their resistance can be life threatening. Our study aims to find out the current prescribing practice of the antibiotics, specially the use of cephalosporins for Pediatric in tertiary health care centres situated in Karachi. Cross sectional, random sampling method was used to collect data of patients from different hospitals \u0026 health cares in the city of Karachi from September to November 2013. Antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs. On the other hand Antibiotics are available and sold throughout the whole city without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner, which is one of the causes for overuse of antibiotics resulting in becoming the bacteria \u0026 other microbes resistant to antibiotics. Our result shows that altogether 50 patients, 13 males and 14 females (54 %), were using third generation cephalosporins.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163150/Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in_different_age_groups_in_tertiary_health_care_centers_of_Karachi","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.876-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80014672,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014672/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Vol3_Issue2_04.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014672/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014672/Vol3_Issue2_04-libre.pdf?1643648440=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUse_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=UJwWDn8m9dYRHQDx4kH3YGeOJ3-H7UWuGtQUNOlFQGA-0iXPGPR8lhqudpM3PmGhimSs2NMk8Rh23yHrnifjgo5ntbO71bblc0VjWqB~Wy4fBU5mNiF-g4LLz6paIbjdU3UW0kzcPo9YH8QDK76EwnK9-yutSS9cR-aOkQignkz4dAzKE0n5~JNKOGAOZjNTRgbHSNePkdsjQuwrmsfSwsi7AhoCdbMuq3Bvkl2rUIaexefjgJ3uVTn0hDG6X4UvumHcR9JQ2k7ZnB9oQoFtjyK2dSFOd6V42e2~qox-aYPhdtEWhqg9ywsYms1gSbejzHvbl4JKyNdWYIrYoV~c3w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in_different_age_groups_in_tertiary_health_care_centers_of_Karachi","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Prescription writing is the key part in healthcare provision. The caution use of antibiotics is very important as their resistance can be life threatening. Our study aims to find out the current prescribing practice of the antibiotics, specially the use of cephalosporins for Pediatric in tertiary health care centres situated in Karachi. Cross sectional, random sampling method was used to collect data of patients from different hospitals \u0026 health cares in the city of Karachi from September to November 2013. Antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs. On the other hand Antibiotics are available and sold throughout the whole city without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner, which is one of the causes for overuse of antibiotics resulting in becoming the bacteria \u0026 other microbes resistant to antibiotics. Our result shows that altogether 50 patients, 13 males and 14 females (54 %), were using third generation cephalosporins.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":80014672,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014672/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Vol3_Issue2_04.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014672/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014672/Vol3_Issue2_04-libre.pdf?1643648440=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUse_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=UJwWDn8m9dYRHQDx4kH3YGeOJ3-H7UWuGtQUNOlFQGA-0iXPGPR8lhqudpM3PmGhimSs2NMk8Rh23yHrnifjgo5ntbO71bblc0VjWqB~Wy4fBU5mNiF-g4LLz6paIbjdU3UW0kzcPo9YH8QDK76EwnK9-yutSS9cR-aOkQignkz4dAzKE0n5~JNKOGAOZjNTRgbHSNePkdsjQuwrmsfSwsi7AhoCdbMuq3Bvkl2rUIaexefjgJ3uVTn0hDG6X4UvumHcR9JQ2k7ZnB9oQoFtjyK2dSFOd6V42e2~qox-aYPhdtEWhqg9ywsYms1gSbejzHvbl4JKyNdWYIrYoV~c3w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":80014673,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014673/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Vol3_Issue2_04.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014673/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Use_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014673/Vol3_Issue2_04-libre.pdf?1643648439=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUse_of_3rd_generation_cephalosporins_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=Fhb-oJO1TEDvQz5fE6RvyeX~uO7rgegcgwAA0g0L-Vm3Jn0SZ-y4ADOue8lJeuC~p0yobYrvw1YazFintkfOdqyMAXxGzF5hvuRVsAo86~LhX~-62GQeiuPuwExy9oUllI29J6wopXK-L4YRDH9ac74m5eMhNsMyCCISkA9-35BcOtQdMx5EOhuqHkwnK-PPh39CYNyn~tnCX2sU3B-k-XLKfZ0VV5sEhBwYI2uftSXcnp4WMDvU6Ec0HEDGJAKaiRCtEgHoHGIJlHdMDtxyQsBTWqCB2FNscG2i0BOxWcD~3wEtn~O3oQQ-Z~UDUVAe24hTXXbJqQik7fn-DYwoTw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":161226,"name":"Cephalosporins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cephalosporins"},{"id":251655,"name":"Antibiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antibiotics"}],"urls":[{"id":17166950,"url":"http://www.jsirjournal.com/Vol3_Issue2_04.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163150-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163149"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163149/Chocolate_Consumption_in_Children_and_Adults"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chocolate Consumption in Children and Adults" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Chocolate Consumption in Children and Adults</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Archives of Medicine</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Chocolate is a unique flavored food used in our society. Chocolate is also known as ‘food of Gods...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Chocolate is a unique flavored food used in our society. Chocolate is also known as ‘food of Gods’. It is prepared from the seeds of a plant Theobroma cacao. It contains many active ingredients. The most important ingredient of chocolate is caffeine, a Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulant. Caffeine also has a potency to make its user addicted to it. The chocolates are widely used in many recipes and drinks as well as gifts. Chocolate is also aphrodisiac in nature. Our survey aims to find out its consumption and addiction is children and professional and non-professional adults. The data was collected from different private and public places, schools, parks and malls of Karachi, Pakistan in the month of September to December, 2014. According to our survey on consumption of chocolates in children, we find that only 7.5% children do not take chocolate and chocolate containing foods, While other 92.5% children takes chocolate and chocolate containing food daily. In professional adults...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163149"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163149"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163149; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163149]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163149]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163149; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163149']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163149]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163149,"title":"Chocolate Consumption in Children and Adults","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Chocolate is a unique flavored food used in our society. Chocolate is also known as ‘food of Gods’. It is prepared from the seeds of a plant Theobroma cacao. It contains many active ingredients. The most important ingredient of chocolate is caffeine, a Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulant. Caffeine also has a potency to make its user addicted to it. The chocolates are widely used in many recipes and drinks as well as gifts. Chocolate is also aphrodisiac in nature. Our survey aims to find out its consumption and addiction is children and professional and non-professional adults. The data was collected from different private and public places, schools, parks and malls of Karachi, Pakistan in the month of September to December, 2014. According to our survey on consumption of chocolates in children, we find that only 7.5% children do not take chocolate and chocolate containing foods, While other 92.5% children takes chocolate and chocolate containing food daily. In professional adults...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Archives of Medicine"},"translated_abstract":"Chocolate is a unique flavored food used in our society. Chocolate is also known as ‘food of Gods’. It is prepared from the seeds of a plant Theobroma cacao. It contains many active ingredients. The most important ingredient of chocolate is caffeine, a Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulant. Caffeine also has a potency to make its user addicted to it. The chocolates are widely used in many recipes and drinks as well as gifts. Chocolate is also aphrodisiac in nature. Our survey aims to find out its consumption and addiction is children and professional and non-professional adults. The data was collected from different private and public places, schools, parks and malls of Karachi, Pakistan in the month of September to December, 2014. According to our survey on consumption of chocolates in children, we find that only 7.5% children do not take chocolate and chocolate containing foods, While other 92.5% children takes chocolate and chocolate containing food daily. In professional adults...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163149/Chocolate_Consumption_in_Children_and_Adults","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.775-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Chocolate_Consumption_in_Children_and_Adults","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Chocolate is a unique flavored food used in our society. Chocolate is also known as ‘food of Gods’. It is prepared from the seeds of a plant Theobroma cacao. It contains many active ingredients. The most important ingredient of chocolate is caffeine, a Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulant. Caffeine also has a potency to make its user addicted to it. The chocolates are widely used in many recipes and drinks as well as gifts. Chocolate is also aphrodisiac in nature. Our survey aims to find out its consumption and addiction is children and professional and non-professional adults. The data was collected from different private and public places, schools, parks and malls of Karachi, Pakistan in the month of September to December, 2014. According to our survey on consumption of chocolates in children, we find that only 7.5% children do not take chocolate and chocolate containing foods, While other 92.5% children takes chocolate and chocolate containing food daily. In professional adults...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":92817,"name":"Chocolate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chocolate"},{"id":284294,"name":"Caffine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caffine"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163149-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163148"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163148/Awareness_about_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_a_Survey_Based_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Awareness about Inflammatory Bowel Disease a Survey Based Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Awareness about Inflammatory Bowel Disease a Survey Based Study</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are autoimmune diseases, which is a group of inflammatory condi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are autoimmune diseases, which is a group of inflammatory conditions like Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In inflammatory bowel disease, there is an inflammation in the small intestine and colon. Symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, severe internal cramps/muscle spasms in the region of the pelvis and weight loss. Biopsy and colonoscopy are the techniques used to diagnose IBD. Since IBD is an inflammatory condition so the treatment of IBD is depend upon different drugs having high anti-inflammatory effects. Our survey aims to find its awareness among the pharmacy students of 4th and 5th professional Pharmacy. Cross sectional and random method was used to collect data from university students. Data was analyzed and represented in the form of tables and graph. According to our survey, 94% students have basic information about IBD, 67% students have knowledge about the symptoms of IBD, 28% have k...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163148"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163148"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163148; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163148]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163148]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163148; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163148']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163148]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163148,"title":"Awareness about Inflammatory Bowel Disease a Survey Based Study","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are autoimmune diseases, which is a group of inflammatory conditions like Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In inflammatory bowel disease, there is an inflammation in the small intestine and colon. Symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, severe internal cramps/muscle spasms in the region of the pelvis and weight loss. Biopsy and colonoscopy are the techniques used to diagnose IBD. Since IBD is an inflammatory condition so the treatment of IBD is depend upon different drugs having high anti-inflammatory effects. Our survey aims to find its awareness among the pharmacy students of 4th and 5th professional Pharmacy. Cross sectional and random method was used to collect data from university students. Data was analyzed and represented in the form of tables and graph. According to our survey, 94% students have basic information about IBD, 67% students have knowledge about the symptoms of IBD, 28% have k...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are autoimmune diseases, which is a group of inflammatory conditions like Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In inflammatory bowel disease, there is an inflammation in the small intestine and colon. Symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, severe internal cramps/muscle spasms in the region of the pelvis and weight loss. Biopsy and colonoscopy are the techniques used to diagnose IBD. Since IBD is an inflammatory condition so the treatment of IBD is depend upon different drugs having high anti-inflammatory effects. Our survey aims to find its awareness among the pharmacy students of 4th and 5th professional Pharmacy. Cross sectional and random method was used to collect data from university students. Data was analyzed and represented in the form of tables and graph. According to our survey, 94% students have basic information about IBD, 67% students have knowledge about the symptoms of IBD, 28% have k...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163148/Awareness_about_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_a_Survey_Based_Study","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.671-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Awareness_about_Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease_a_Survey_Based_Study","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are autoimmune diseases, which is a group of inflammatory conditions like Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In inflammatory bowel disease, there is an inflammation in the small intestine and colon. Symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, severe internal cramps/muscle spasms in the region of the pelvis and weight loss. Biopsy and colonoscopy are the techniques used to diagnose IBD. Since IBD is an inflammatory condition so the treatment of IBD is depend upon different drugs having high anti-inflammatory effects. Our survey aims to find its awareness among the pharmacy students of 4th and 5th professional Pharmacy. Cross sectional and random method was used to collect data from university students. Data was analyzed and represented in the form of tables and graph. According to our survey, 94% students have basic information about IBD, 67% students have knowledge about the symptoms of IBD, 28% have k...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":59366,"name":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inflammatory_Bowel_Disease"},{"id":197351,"name":"Awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Awareness"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163148-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163147"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163147/Awareness_about_Irritable_Bowel_Syndrome_IBS_A_Survey_Based_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). A Survey Based Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). A Survey Based Study</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A bowel function disorder , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common problem that highly aff...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A bowel function disorder , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common problem that highly affects the quality of life of the patient. IBS may be diarrhoea predominant IBS (IBS-D), may be (IBS-C) constipation predominant IBS, and sometimes mixed bowel pattern (IBS-M) with both harden & loosen stools. Complications may include changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation, and pain in abdomen along with various symptoms including rectal urgency with diarrhea and abdominal bloating. Risk factors include age, anxiety, depression and adverse life Events. Prognostic techniques are colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasound. Different treatment strategies are used to treat various conditions experienced by individual patients. Drugs like antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, 5-HT3 antagonists and probiotics are proved effective in this condition. Objective: The survey aimed to find out Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) among the pharmacy graduates of 3 rd to5th p...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163147"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163147"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163147; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163147]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163147]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163147; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163147']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163147]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163147,"title":"Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). A Survey Based Study","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A bowel function disorder , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common problem that highly affects the quality of life of the patient. IBS may be diarrhoea predominant IBS (IBS-D), may be (IBS-C) constipation predominant IBS, and sometimes mixed bowel pattern (IBS-M) with both harden \u0026 loosen stools. Complications may include changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation, and pain in abdomen along with various symptoms including rectal urgency with diarrhea and abdominal bloating. Risk factors include age, anxiety, depression and adverse life Events. Prognostic techniques are colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasound. Different treatment strategies are used to treat various conditions experienced by individual patients. Drugs like antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, 5-HT3 antagonists and probiotics are proved effective in this condition. Objective: The survey aimed to find out Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) among the pharmacy graduates of 3 rd to5th p...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"A bowel function disorder , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common problem that highly affects the quality of life of the patient. IBS may be diarrhoea predominant IBS (IBS-D), may be (IBS-C) constipation predominant IBS, and sometimes mixed bowel pattern (IBS-M) with both harden \u0026 loosen stools. Complications may include changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation, and pain in abdomen along with various symptoms including rectal urgency with diarrhea and abdominal bloating. Risk factors include age, anxiety, depression and adverse life Events. Prognostic techniques are colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasound. Different treatment strategies are used to treat various conditions experienced by individual patients. Drugs like antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, 5-HT3 antagonists and probiotics are proved effective in this condition. Objective: The survey aimed to find out Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) among the pharmacy graduates of 3 rd to5th p...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163147/Awareness_about_Irritable_Bowel_Syndrome_IBS_A_Survey_Based_Study","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.571-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Awareness_about_Irritable_Bowel_Syndrome_IBS_A_Survey_Based_Study","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"A bowel function disorder , irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common problem that highly affects the quality of life of the patient. IBS may be diarrhoea predominant IBS (IBS-D), may be (IBS-C) constipation predominant IBS, and sometimes mixed bowel pattern (IBS-M) with both harden \u0026 loosen stools. Complications may include changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation, and pain in abdomen along with various symptoms including rectal urgency with diarrhea and abdominal bloating. Risk factors include age, anxiety, depression and adverse life Events. Prognostic techniques are colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasound. Different treatment strategies are used to treat various conditions experienced by individual patients. Drugs like antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, 5-HT3 antagonists and probiotics are proved effective in this condition. Objective: The survey aimed to find out Awareness about Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) among the pharmacy graduates of 3 rd to5th p...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163147-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163146"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163146/Subjective_of_Brain_Tumor"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Subjective of Brain Tumor" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Subjective of Brain Tumor</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Brain disorders & therapy</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Before beginning treatment, you would possibly need a second opinion concerning your diagnosing a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Before beginning treatment, you would possibly need a second opinion concerning your diagnosing and treatment set up. Some folks worry that the doctor are going to be pained if they raise a second opinion. Typically the other is true. Most doctors welcome a second opinion. and lots of insurance firms pays for a second opinion if you or your doctor requests it. Some firms need a second opinion. If you get a second opinion, the doctor might believe your initial doctor&#39;s diagnosing and treatment set up. Or the second doctor might recommend another approach. Either way, you&#39;ll need a lot of data and maybe a bigger sense of management. You’ll feel a lot of assured concerning the selections you create, knowing that you have checked out your choices. It may take your time and energy to assemble your medical records and see another doctor. In several cases, it isn&#39;t a retardant to require many weeks to urge a second opinion. The delay in beginning treatment typically will not bu...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163146"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163146"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163146; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163146]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163146]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163146; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163146']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163146]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163146,"title":"Subjective of Brain Tumor","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Before beginning treatment, you would possibly need a second opinion concerning your diagnosing and treatment set up. Some folks worry that the doctor are going to be pained if they raise a second opinion. Typically the other is true. Most doctors welcome a second opinion. and lots of insurance firms pays for a second opinion if you or your doctor requests it. Some firms need a second opinion. If you get a second opinion, the doctor might believe your initial doctor\u0026#39;s diagnosing and treatment set up. Or the second doctor might recommend another approach. Either way, you\u0026#39;ll need a lot of data and maybe a bigger sense of management. You’ll feel a lot of assured concerning the selections you create, knowing that you have checked out your choices. It may take your time and energy to assemble your medical records and see another doctor. In several cases, it isn\u0026#39;t a retardant to require many weeks to urge a second opinion. The delay in beginning treatment typically will not bu...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Brain disorders \u0026 therapy"},"translated_abstract":"Before beginning treatment, you would possibly need a second opinion concerning your diagnosing and treatment set up. Some folks worry that the doctor are going to be pained if they raise a second opinion. Typically the other is true. Most doctors welcome a second opinion. and lots of insurance firms pays for a second opinion if you or your doctor requests it. Some firms need a second opinion. If you get a second opinion, the doctor might believe your initial doctor\u0026#39;s diagnosing and treatment set up. Or the second doctor might recommend another approach. Either way, you\u0026#39;ll need a lot of data and maybe a bigger sense of management. You’ll feel a lot of assured concerning the selections you create, knowing that you have checked out your choices. It may take your time and energy to assemble your medical records and see another doctor. In several cases, it isn\u0026#39;t a retardant to require many weeks to urge a second opinion. The delay in beginning treatment typically will not bu...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163146/Subjective_of_Brain_Tumor","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.460-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Subjective_of_Brain_Tumor","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Before beginning treatment, you would possibly need a second opinion concerning your diagnosing and treatment set up. Some folks worry that the doctor are going to be pained if they raise a second opinion. Typically the other is true. Most doctors welcome a second opinion. and lots of insurance firms pays for a second opinion if you or your doctor requests it. Some firms need a second opinion. If you get a second opinion, the doctor might believe your initial doctor\u0026#39;s diagnosing and treatment set up. Or the second doctor might recommend another approach. Either way, you\u0026#39;ll need a lot of data and maybe a bigger sense of management. You’ll feel a lot of assured concerning the selections you create, knowing that you have checked out your choices. It may take your time and energy to assemble your medical records and see another doctor. In several cases, it isn\u0026#39;t a retardant to require many weeks to urge a second opinion. The delay in beginning treatment typically will not bu...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163146-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163145"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163145/Comparative_Study_of_In_vitro_Evaluation_of_Two_Quinolone_Derivatives_by_HPLC"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Study of In-vitro Evaluation of Two Quinolone Derivatives by HPLC" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Comparative Study of In-vitro Evaluation of Two Quinolone Derivatives by HPLC</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Quinolones are the antibacterial agents which vigorously inhibit the DNA synthesis. P...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Quinolones are the antibacterial agents which vigorously inhibit the DNA synthesis. Pharmacodynamically they are DNA Gyrase inhibitor. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare two quinolone derivatives using HPLC. Result: The drug content is found to be as 96.25% in ofloxacin sample tablets and 99.64% in ciprofloxacin sample tablets when compared with standards. Discussion The given method has found to be speedy, exact, defined, trustworthy and minimum time taking for the concurrent process of estimating ofofloxacin as well as ciprofloxacin drugs in the system of loose drug mockups, its preparations exhausting the supreme frequently engaged C-18 column through UV indicator.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163145"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163145"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163145; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163145]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163145]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163145; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163145']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163145]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163145,"title":"Comparative Study of In-vitro Evaluation of Two Quinolone Derivatives by HPLC","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Background: Quinolones are the antibacterial agents which vigorously inhibit the DNA synthesis. Pharmacodynamically they are DNA Gyrase inhibitor. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare two quinolone derivatives using HPLC. Result: The drug content is found to be as 96.25% in ofloxacin sample tablets and 99.64% in ciprofloxacin sample tablets when compared with standards. Discussion The given method has found to be speedy, exact, defined, trustworthy and minimum time taking for the concurrent process of estimating ofofloxacin as well as ciprofloxacin drugs in the system of loose drug mockups, its preparations exhausting the supreme frequently engaged C-18 column through UV indicator.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Background: Quinolones are the antibacterial agents which vigorously inhibit the DNA synthesis. Pharmacodynamically they are DNA Gyrase inhibitor. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare two quinolone derivatives using HPLC. Result: The drug content is found to be as 96.25% in ofloxacin sample tablets and 99.64% in ciprofloxacin sample tablets when compared with standards. Discussion The given method has found to be speedy, exact, defined, trustworthy and minimum time taking for the concurrent process of estimating ofofloxacin as well as ciprofloxacin drugs in the system of loose drug mockups, its preparations exhausting the supreme frequently engaged C-18 column through UV indicator.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163145/Comparative_Study_of_In_vitro_Evaluation_of_Two_Quinolone_Derivatives_by_HPLC","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.359-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Comparative_Study_of_In_vitro_Evaluation_of_Two_Quinolone_Derivatives_by_HPLC","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Background: Quinolones are the antibacterial agents which vigorously inhibit the DNA synthesis. Pharmacodynamically they are DNA Gyrase inhibitor. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare two quinolone derivatives using HPLC. Result: The drug content is found to be as 96.25% in ofloxacin sample tablets and 99.64% in ciprofloxacin sample tablets when compared with standards. Discussion The given method has found to be speedy, exact, defined, trustworthy and minimum time taking for the concurrent process of estimating ofofloxacin as well as ciprofloxacin drugs in the system of loose drug mockups, its preparations exhausting the supreme frequently engaged C-18 column through UV indicator.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":523,"name":"Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163145-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163144"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163144/Herbal_Treatment_and_Home_Remedies_of_Dengue"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Herbal Treatment and Home Remedies of Dengue" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Herbal Treatment and Home Remedies of Dengue</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Among the most serious and considerable matters related to public health, Dengue fever which is c...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Among the most serious and considerable matters related to public health, Dengue fever which is caused by viral infection has become the most significant health issue globally. For the treatment of Dengue fever, unluckily there is no such drug classification which posses any activity against the viral infection, nevertheless, many botanical agents have found to be efficacious in treating the infection, though it’s imperative to execute and bring about research on these medicinal plants that have been found to be potent and non-toxic for treating dengue fever. The remedial agents which are found to be efficient in this regard are papaya, leaves of Neem tree, basil, coriander, barley grass as well as fenugreek and juice of pomegranate. The objective of this review article is to make available up-to-date methodologies intended for the treatment of dengue.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163144"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163144"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163144; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163144]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163144]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163144; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163144']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163144]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163144,"title":"Herbal Treatment and Home Remedies of Dengue","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Among the most serious and considerable matters related to public health, Dengue fever which is caused by viral infection has become the most significant health issue globally. For the treatment of Dengue fever, unluckily there is no such drug classification which posses any activity against the viral infection, nevertheless, many botanical agents have found to be efficacious in treating the infection, though it’s imperative to execute and bring about research on these medicinal plants that have been found to be potent and non-toxic for treating dengue fever. The remedial agents which are found to be efficient in this regard are papaya, leaves of Neem tree, basil, coriander, barley grass as well as fenugreek and juice of pomegranate. The objective of this review article is to make available up-to-date methodologies intended for the treatment of dengue.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Among the most serious and considerable matters related to public health, Dengue fever which is caused by viral infection has become the most significant health issue globally. For the treatment of Dengue fever, unluckily there is no such drug classification which posses any activity against the viral infection, nevertheless, many botanical agents have found to be efficacious in treating the infection, though it’s imperative to execute and bring about research on these medicinal plants that have been found to be potent and non-toxic for treating dengue fever. The remedial agents which are found to be efficient in this regard are papaya, leaves of Neem tree, basil, coriander, barley grass as well as fenugreek and juice of pomegranate. The objective of this review article is to make available up-to-date methodologies intended for the treatment of dengue.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163144/Herbal_Treatment_and_Home_Remedies_of_Dengue","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.259-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Herbal_Treatment_and_Home_Remedies_of_Dengue","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Among the most serious and considerable matters related to public health, Dengue fever which is caused by viral infection has become the most significant health issue globally. For the treatment of Dengue fever, unluckily there is no such drug classification which posses any activity against the viral infection, nevertheless, many botanical agents have found to be efficacious in treating the infection, though it’s imperative to execute and bring about research on these medicinal plants that have been found to be potent and non-toxic for treating dengue fever. The remedial agents which are found to be efficient in this regard are papaya, leaves of Neem tree, basil, coriander, barley grass as well as fenugreek and juice of pomegranate. The objective of this review article is to make available up-to-date methodologies intended for the treatment of dengue.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":157268,"name":"Dengue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163144-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163143"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163143/Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r2=0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163143"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163143"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163143; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163143]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163143]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163143; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163143']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163143]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163143,"title":"Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r2=0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2018,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r2=0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163143/Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:33.137-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r2=0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163143-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163142"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163142/Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professionals_and_general_public"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Awareness of dengue virus in professionals and general public" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014669/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163142/Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professionals_and_general_public">Awareness of dengue virus in professionals and general public</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">A viral infectious disease, dengue which is transmitted by mosquitoes, is very severe disease. Sy...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">A viral infectious disease, dengue which is transmitted by mosquitoes, is very severe disease. Symptoms may vary person to person and also depends upon the severity of the viral infection. High fever, headache and body aches are the general complains of dengue infectious patients. Thrombocytopenia is also common in dengue. There is no treatment of this viral infection. Avoid of aspirin, use of acetaminophen (paracetamol), rest and use of plenty of water and other drinks or juices may recover the infectious person within 714days. Prevention of this infectious disease is must like use of insecticidal, mosquito repellents, covering of clean water, full body covering dresses and avoid open places like parks in morning and evening times proved very much effective in order to prevent this infectious disease. Our study aims to find out its awareness among the general public as well as among the professionals. Data was collected randomly in Karachi city. All the important questions were ask...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bc87a78e2c6baea5bd643c12c8c4ffc7" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":80014669,"asset_id":70163142,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014669/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163142"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163142"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163142; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163142]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163142]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163142; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163142']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "bc87a78e2c6baea5bd643c12c8c4ffc7" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163142]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163142,"title":"Awareness of dengue virus in professionals and general public","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"A viral infectious disease, dengue which is transmitted by mosquitoes, is very severe disease. Symptoms may vary person to person and also depends upon the severity of the viral infection. High fever, headache and body aches are the general complains of dengue infectious patients. Thrombocytopenia is also common in dengue. There is no treatment of this viral infection. Avoid of aspirin, use of acetaminophen (paracetamol), rest and use of plenty of water and other drinks or juices may recover the infectious person within 714days. Prevention of this infectious disease is must like use of insecticidal, mosquito repellents, covering of clean water, full body covering dresses and avoid open places like parks in morning and evening times proved very much effective in order to prevent this infectious disease. Our study aims to find out its awareness among the general public as well as among the professionals. Data was collected randomly in Karachi city. All the important questions were ask...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"A viral infectious disease, dengue which is transmitted by mosquitoes, is very severe disease. Symptoms may vary person to person and also depends upon the severity of the viral infection. High fever, headache and body aches are the general complains of dengue infectious patients. Thrombocytopenia is also common in dengue. There is no treatment of this viral infection. Avoid of aspirin, use of acetaminophen (paracetamol), rest and use of plenty of water and other drinks or juices may recover the infectious person within 714days. Prevention of this infectious disease is must like use of insecticidal, mosquito repellents, covering of clean water, full body covering dresses and avoid open places like parks in morning and evening times proved very much effective in order to prevent this infectious disease. Our study aims to find out its awareness among the general public as well as among the professionals. Data was collected randomly in Karachi city. All the important questions were ask...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163142/Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professionals_and_general_public","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.980-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80014669,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014669/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9060754.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014669/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014669/9060754-libre.pdf?1643648440=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAwareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=euQ9keUvOoK74MtrFGMmwh9mfjbOmypMpdFaS2obayaRvZcKf8lBnHRrBtD8MelmdxjFOLBtLdSx8R1PAVoXMj6aSPQ-1-twYfcR9FAQIaNVqseE~awTww9FJdCv16hy0lEDtbkyCXJtD5JF8g4jcA73QAm5TRaTLsdFwvJI0ssr7B9eR3HTUUaGbc3lwk2C~vFlYrAfB4RHKRzetLFhyNSHNr9WVHJr6SINmWRdzJRm7Y0qHXBSXiYtyiPMHV0f0XMAiythAfRgpldD~Zac8IJSkS3N155w2lVpBmSt~e6KSZ9Ybau76jkynNoz2vzILloYHUiJ25BpIDbKZe0i3Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professionals_and_general_public","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"A viral infectious disease, dengue which is transmitted by mosquitoes, is very severe disease. Symptoms may vary person to person and also depends upon the severity of the viral infection. High fever, headache and body aches are the general complains of dengue infectious patients. Thrombocytopenia is also common in dengue. There is no treatment of this viral infection. Avoid of aspirin, use of acetaminophen (paracetamol), rest and use of plenty of water and other drinks or juices may recover the infectious person within 714days. Prevention of this infectious disease is must like use of insecticidal, mosquito repellents, covering of clean water, full body covering dresses and avoid open places like parks in morning and evening times proved very much effective in order to prevent this infectious disease. Our study aims to find out its awareness among the general public as well as among the professionals. Data was collected randomly in Karachi city. All the important questions were ask...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":80014669,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014669/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9060754.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014669/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014669/9060754-libre.pdf?1643648440=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAwareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=euQ9keUvOoK74MtrFGMmwh9mfjbOmypMpdFaS2obayaRvZcKf8lBnHRrBtD8MelmdxjFOLBtLdSx8R1PAVoXMj6aSPQ-1-twYfcR9FAQIaNVqseE~awTww9FJdCv16hy0lEDtbkyCXJtD5JF8g4jcA73QAm5TRaTLsdFwvJI0ssr7B9eR3HTUUaGbc3lwk2C~vFlYrAfB4RHKRzetLFhyNSHNr9WVHJr6SINmWRdzJRm7Y0qHXBSXiYtyiPMHV0f0XMAiythAfRgpldD~Zac8IJSkS3N155w2lVpBmSt~e6KSZ9Ybau76jkynNoz2vzILloYHUiJ25BpIDbKZe0i3Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":80014671,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014671/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"9060754.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014671/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Awareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014671/9060754-libre.pdf?1643648441=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DAwareness_of_dengue_virus_in_professiona.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=AAAoekj25N148TfJ3upNPw5vbd~s6UyIPWBnqamJ2SyMDheLg5ktt467kNrfrvoUWtDPMhTFGAp6tTrPTYrRY81ZzmZfppdMwUNkBm6WkMRVDiY7HYQ8NDH7uRVwacDgIUSmXF0IRr19tdEWV5ZazKLHamq2SpSurzVJExn7eY262cPfAe1-H2HtaeV3ggmlL6b0a~fe1HkXBvxiVL83l4DeN2zpMY7vqJWDbo1C7SHoiN6JLSC8WW0IARNSrFQCfusTBsv-2GN3YAJQ4wQQERRwYmaEgKV5ZeOCCQmxz4Ccml1SseKi9pCH-1KUt25nptLCpA7ZQPAK-xE6zdc0cg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":17166949,"url":"http://article.aascit.org/file/pdf/9060754.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163142-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163141"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163141/Consumption_of_Green_Tea_in_Professionals_and_Non_Professionals"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Consumption of Green Tea in Professionals and Non-Professionals" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Consumption of Green Tea in Professionals and Non-Professionals</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Introduction: Green tea is a beverage made up of the leaf buds, stem and leaf of the plant “Camel...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Introduction: Green tea is a beverage made up of the leaf buds, stem and leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensis”. It has several health effects. It is healthier than black tea; black tea is a fermented product of the same plant but with reduced activity. Polyphenols prevent inflammation and swelling. It also protects the bones, and prevents the joint degeneration. It is a potent carcinogenetic and also able to fight different viral infections. Green tea also contains 2% to 4% caffeine, which may improve brain messengers functions, important in Parkinson’s disease. Caffeine is potent CNS stimulant. It also stimulates heart and muscles, which result in the excess release of some chemicals in brain known as “neurotransmitters.” Caffeine can increase the urination. Antioxidants are also present in green tea that helps to protect the blood vessels and heart. Objective : Our study aims to find out the consumption of green tea in different age groups and genders belonging to different profes...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163141"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163141"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163141; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163141]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163141]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163141; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163141']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163141]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163141,"title":"Consumption of Green Tea in Professionals and Non-Professionals","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Introduction: Green tea is a beverage made up of the leaf buds, stem and leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensis”. It has several health effects. It is healthier than black tea; black tea is a fermented product of the same plant but with reduced activity. Polyphenols prevent inflammation and swelling. It also protects the bones, and prevents the joint degeneration. It is a potent carcinogenetic and also able to fight different viral infections. Green tea also contains 2% to 4% caffeine, which may improve brain messengers functions, important in Parkinson’s disease. Caffeine is potent CNS stimulant. It also stimulates heart and muscles, which result in the excess release of some chemicals in brain known as “neurotransmitters.” Caffeine can increase the urination. Antioxidants are also present in green tea that helps to protect the blood vessels and heart. Objective : Our study aims to find out the consumption of green tea in different age groups and genders belonging to different profes...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2014,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Introduction: Green tea is a beverage made up of the leaf buds, stem and leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensis”. It has several health effects. It is healthier than black tea; black tea is a fermented product of the same plant but with reduced activity. Polyphenols prevent inflammation and swelling. It also protects the bones, and prevents the joint degeneration. It is a potent carcinogenetic and also able to fight different viral infections. Green tea also contains 2% to 4% caffeine, which may improve brain messengers functions, important in Parkinson’s disease. Caffeine is potent CNS stimulant. It also stimulates heart and muscles, which result in the excess release of some chemicals in brain known as “neurotransmitters.” Caffeine can increase the urination. Antioxidants are also present in green tea that helps to protect the blood vessels and heart. Objective : Our study aims to find out the consumption of green tea in different age groups and genders belonging to different profes...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163141/Consumption_of_Green_Tea_in_Professionals_and_Non_Professionals","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.880-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Consumption_of_Green_Tea_in_Professionals_and_Non_Professionals","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Introduction: Green tea is a beverage made up of the leaf buds, stem and leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensis”. It has several health effects. It is healthier than black tea; black tea is a fermented product of the same plant but with reduced activity. Polyphenols prevent inflammation and swelling. It also protects the bones, and prevents the joint degeneration. It is a potent carcinogenetic and also able to fight different viral infections. Green tea also contains 2% to 4% caffeine, which may improve brain messengers functions, important in Parkinson’s disease. Caffeine is potent CNS stimulant. It also stimulates heart and muscles, which result in the excess release of some chemicals in brain known as “neurotransmitters.” Caffeine can increase the urination. Antioxidants are also present in green tea that helps to protect the blood vessels and heart. Objective : Our study aims to find out the consumption of green tea in different age groups and genders belonging to different profes...","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":67129,"name":"Caffeine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caffeine"},{"id":82567,"name":"Green Tea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Green_Tea"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163141-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163139"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163139/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefenamic_Acid_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Mefenamic Acid Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014675/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163139/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefenamic_Acid_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan">Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Mefenamic Acid Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The aim of this study is to check Pharmaceutical Equivalents of different brands of Mefenamic Aci...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The aim of this study is to check Pharmaceutical Equivalents of different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets (500 mg) were investigated in the study. Four quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, hardness test, friability test and disintegration test were carried out specified by BP/USP (British and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all the parameters such as weight variation, hardness, disintegration, friability were in accordance with BP/USP.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7ab4647f862149478783a99c5fa26051" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":80014675,"asset_id":70163139,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014675/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163139"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163139"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163139; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163139]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163139]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163139; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163139']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7ab4647f862149478783a99c5fa26051" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163139]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163139,"title":"Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Mefenamic Acid Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The aim of this study is to check Pharmaceutical Equivalents of different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets (500 mg) were investigated in the study. Four quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, hardness test, friability test and disintegration test were carried out specified by BP/USP (British and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all the parameters such as weight variation, hardness, disintegration, friability were in accordance with BP/USP.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"The aim of this study is to check Pharmaceutical Equivalents of different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets (500 mg) were investigated in the study. Four quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, hardness test, friability test and disintegration test were carried out specified by BP/USP (British and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all the parameters such as weight variation, hardness, disintegration, friability were in accordance with BP/USP.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163139/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefenamic_Acid_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.722-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80014675,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014675/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014675/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014675/165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205-libre.pdf?1643648439=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=QJQbW2nsQwKqu92xA-amt0EVbL2LjUeRr4H0p4ypH4bx4iMT9qBbxZi8dG~qEgkyQvkQWTroCEWyfLlcnlWkkYu1lMre01hXZmPozqYEsCm8i-0jmYxA5CYQOaRTXfUGI83PaMH5hgtHtN0mpCRieyBjtH60xFhBIhEvjkHCEqWZK14-JtPLr-9cU7WBrKdPmAiBUw1p6G3VSASBaLi375aG7Zn6yQM2tm1aaaghWjrhE-DG8qZ6qySeWbYADNHvChMYs8YGhKt0dZ~hExURdVAE7W~8gurOga1mCFd-6y3XECxem~b2yxWUlDDtSEGXPWnk5tBWc3ZmE66Yqy6NRg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefenamic_Acid_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The aim of this study is to check Pharmaceutical Equivalents of different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Mefenamic Acid tablets (500 mg) were investigated in the study. Four quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, hardness test, friability test and disintegration test were carried out specified by BP/USP (British and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all the parameters such as weight variation, hardness, disintegration, friability were in accordance with BP/USP.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":80014675,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014675/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014675/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014675/165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205-libre.pdf?1643648439=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648464\u0026Signature=QJQbW2nsQwKqu92xA-amt0EVbL2LjUeRr4H0p4ypH4bx4iMT9qBbxZi8dG~qEgkyQvkQWTroCEWyfLlcnlWkkYu1lMre01hXZmPozqYEsCm8i-0jmYxA5CYQOaRTXfUGI83PaMH5hgtHtN0mpCRieyBjtH60xFhBIhEvjkHCEqWZK14-JtPLr-9cU7WBrKdPmAiBUw1p6G3VSASBaLi375aG7Zn6yQM2tm1aaaghWjrhE-DG8qZ6qySeWbYADNHvChMYs8YGhKt0dZ~hExURdVAE7W~8gurOga1mCFd-6y3XECxem~b2yxWUlDDtSEGXPWnk5tBWc3ZmE66Yqy6NRg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":80014674,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014674/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014674/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014674/165-Article_Text-365-1-10-20171205-libre.pdf?1643648439=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Mefen.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=d3AVSMlsnWW96o87Qs5DhZQaHTrWz1Qu2l4CSbacgMmkJJTDdT1D4gJckxyN8L7VymLCwVEsi6hfEq0JAunc2CjuKEyRMYh2sn5Nd-sVGU4hFeA-m61yOa2XNjmz8T0aCneltiaodCliJicEwB5~ei6ILoriXPnaOGmJOFTK2p0uqq0mI8cLcFO5Oobhd9NvEpwRkylVNP2bw0i~qXkJ4~pMkRswRaQ10KdUTPZVAIakDMztNaR0zaT9xi~dgxni~z8skpnDND-MEMDBmtXGOm9f-NNHkWJrME59gEi72~HDT6xxCtqTxruooTS1gFk0IOnYZZS~bInO33~4XeXp5Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":17166947,"url":"http://jpps.juw.edu.pk/index.php/jpps/article/download/165/129/"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163139-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163137"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163137/UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_forms"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection forms" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014698/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163137/UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_forms">UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection forms</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fd4f0f0697cf596eeac24ab521c8a0b4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":80014698,"asset_id":70163137,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014698/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163137"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163137"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163137; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163137]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163137]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163137; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163137']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fd4f0f0697cf596eeac24ab521c8a0b4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163137]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163137,"title":"UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection forms","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","ai_title_tag":"UV Spectrophotometric Analysis of Phenytoin in Bulk \u0026 Injectables"},"translated_abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163137/UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_forms","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.622-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80014698,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014698/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"download.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014698/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determinatio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014698/download-libre.pdf?1643648192=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUV_spectroscopic_method_for_determinatio.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=L2I38Mfbt~guLPb-msEEIIL~pID-LsbzmrUM0Tnsy9vrPlQwm8~3Ie0QcaEWiX~EHS2nIHp6MStRL1VCNMZiZcif14yF0ZCfHS6mlkiYe~zJaO~wYkXxxtO9LlA3D69fAJfgbFJbdjkFRtotVfbYZ4YUYlzOW6vOgVTq82H~5e779oYFCR~nSaL3KVIPWLt7vWr-TFbNE~-yXzVzU1yzpULM--YJvsm6oF4PhJv~BE-xfyH4Uy2KYDwi~BRYTQqrRDyQlKWzgwdLJJfRZZlJ-5UcAcgR1VOGjTvlpjhrrib4fb9Q6RDVBryoPnyzZs9sxqNrOhRwhJ0ZWb90Rh-Yyw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_forms","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":80014698,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014698/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"download.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014698/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determinatio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014698/download-libre.pdf?1643648192=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DUV_spectroscopic_method_for_determinatio.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=L2I38Mfbt~guLPb-msEEIIL~pID-LsbzmrUM0Tnsy9vrPlQwm8~3Ie0QcaEWiX~EHS2nIHp6MStRL1VCNMZiZcif14yF0ZCfHS6mlkiYe~zJaO~wYkXxxtO9LlA3D69fAJfgbFJbdjkFRtotVfbYZ4YUYlzOW6vOgVTq82H~5e779oYFCR~nSaL3KVIPWLt7vWr-TFbNE~-yXzVzU1yzpULM--YJvsm6oF4PhJv~BE-xfyH4Uy2KYDwi~BRYTQqrRDyQlKWzgwdLJJfRZZlJ-5UcAcgR1VOGjTvlpjhrrib4fb9Q6RDVBryoPnyzZs9sxqNrOhRwhJ0ZWb90Rh-Yyw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":912835,"name":"Phenytoin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenytoin"},{"id":1688712,"name":"UV Spectroscopic Method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UV_Spectroscopic_Method"},{"id":2911840,"name":"UV/ Vis spectrophotometric method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UV_Vis_spectrophotometric_method"},{"id":3225783,"name":"λmax","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%CE%BBmax"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163137-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163135"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163135/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Losartan_Potassium_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Losartan Potassium Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Losartan Potassium Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The purpose of this study is to check pharmaceutical equivalence of altered brands of Losartan Po...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The purpose of this study is to check pharmaceutical equivalence of altered brands of Losartan Potassium tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Losartan Potassium tablets (50 mg) were investigated in the study. Five Quality Control (QC) parameters: Weight variation, thickness test, hardness, friability and disintegration tests were carried out as specified by BP/USP (British Pharmacopoeia and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all above mentioned tests are in accordance with BP/USP. Both brands of Losartan Potassium tablets are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163135"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163135"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163135; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163135]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163135]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163135; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163135']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163135]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163135,"title":"Pharmaceutical Equivalent Study of Losartan Potassium Formulation available in Karachi, Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to check pharmaceutical equivalence of altered brands of Losartan Potassium tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Losartan Potassium tablets (50 mg) were investigated in the study. Five Quality Control (QC) parameters: Weight variation, thickness test, hardness, friability and disintegration tests were carried out as specified by BP/USP (British Pharmacopoeia and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all above mentioned tests are in accordance with BP/USP. Both brands of Losartan Potassium tablets are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.","publisher":"OMICS Publishing Group","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Bioequivalence \u0026 Bioavailability"},"translated_abstract":"The purpose of this study is to check pharmaceutical equivalence of altered brands of Losartan Potassium tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Losartan Potassium tablets (50 mg) were investigated in the study. Five Quality Control (QC) parameters: Weight variation, thickness test, hardness, friability and disintegration tests were carried out as specified by BP/USP (British Pharmacopoeia and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all above mentioned tests are in accordance with BP/USP. Both brands of Losartan Potassium tablets are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163135/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Losartan_Potassium_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.515-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Study_of_Losartan_Potassium_Formulation_available_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"The purpose of this study is to check pharmaceutical equivalence of altered brands of Losartan Potassium tablets available in Karachi, Pakistan. Two different brands of Losartan Potassium tablets (50 mg) were investigated in the study. Five Quality Control (QC) parameters: Weight variation, thickness test, hardness, friability and disintegration tests were carried out as specified by BP/USP (British Pharmacopoeia and United State Pharmacopoeia). The result of study revealed that all above mentioned tests are in accordance with BP/USP. Both brands of Losartan Potassium tablets are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":858316,"name":"Bioequivalence and Bioavailability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163135-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163133"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163133/Survey_on_Prevalence_of_Vitamin_D_as_Well_as_Calcium_Deficiency_Plus_Awareness_about_Osteopenia_and_Osteoporosis_in_Females"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Survey on Prevalence of Vitamin D as Well as Calcium Deficiency Plus Awareness about Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Females" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Survey on Prevalence of Vitamin D as Well as Calcium Deficiency Plus Awareness about Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Females</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Introduction: Calcium as well as vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Their deficiency may lead ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Introduction: Calcium as well as vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Their deficiency may lead to weak bones by lowering the density of bones, called to be as “osteopenia”. It is alarming sign for patient and healthy life style and adequate diet can control the further damage of bone. Inadequate care may lead to “Osteoporosis”, in which corrosion of bone tissue plinths and disruption of bone architecture take place, the bone becomes consequently fragile that a relatively minor smash or fall causes a fracture or vertebrae to ruin. The subsequent fracture may lead to loss of movement and individuality or freedom. Objective: Our study aims to realize the Frequency of Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency in females and also about awareness of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females in Karachi, Pakistan. Method: A cross-sectional and random method was used to collect data from females about their vitamin D and calcium level and also about the osteopenia and osteoporosis in Karachi, Pakistan in the month of January-March, 2015. Results: According to our survey on vitamin D and Calcium deficiency, we find 41% females are deficient to Ca and Vitamin D, 78% females feel pain in back, legs and joints, only 11% females have tested their Vitamin D level and 12% females have tested their Calcium levels. According to our survey on awareness about osteopenia and osteoporosis, we find that only 34% females have knowledge about osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion: According to our survey, we find that many females are Vitamin D and Calcium deficient but they are not aware about their deficiencies. Very less number of females has tested their Vitamin D and Calcium levels. Awareness about the osteopenia and osteoporosis is also less in females. Steps should be taken at National level to provide its awareness through booklets and proper usage of social media and also to measure blood levels of vitamin D for those who cannot afford it.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163133"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163133"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163133; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163133]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163133]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163133; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163133']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163133]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163133,"title":"Survey on Prevalence of Vitamin D as Well as Calcium Deficiency Plus Awareness about Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Females","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Introduction: Calcium as well as vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Their deficiency may lead to weak bones by lowering the density of bones, called to be as “osteopenia”. It is alarming sign for patient and healthy life style and adequate diet can control the further damage of bone. Inadequate care may lead to “Osteoporosis”, in which corrosion of bone tissue plinths and disruption of bone architecture take place, the bone becomes consequently fragile that a relatively minor smash or fall causes a fracture or vertebrae to ruin. The subsequent fracture may lead to loss of movement and individuality or freedom. Objective: Our study aims to realize the Frequency of Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency in females and also about awareness of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females in Karachi, Pakistan. Method: A cross-sectional and random method was used to collect data from females about their vitamin D and calcium level and also about the osteopenia and osteoporosis in Karachi, Pakistan in the month of January-March, 2015. Results: According to our survey on vitamin D and Calcium deficiency, we find 41% females are deficient to Ca and Vitamin D, 78% females feel pain in back, legs and joints, only 11% females have tested their Vitamin D level and 12% females have tested their Calcium levels. According to our survey on awareness about osteopenia and osteoporosis, we find that only 34% females have knowledge about osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion: According to our survey, we find that many females are Vitamin D and Calcium deficient but they are not aware about their deficiencies. Very less number of females has tested their Vitamin D and Calcium levels. Awareness about the osteopenia and osteoporosis is also less in females. Steps should be taken at National level to provide its awareness through booklets and proper usage of social media and also to measure blood levels of vitamin D for those who cannot afford it.","publisher":"OMICS Publishing Group","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Bioequivalence \u0026 Bioavailability"},"translated_abstract":"Introduction: Calcium as well as vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Their deficiency may lead to weak bones by lowering the density of bones, called to be as “osteopenia”. It is alarming sign for patient and healthy life style and adequate diet can control the further damage of bone. Inadequate care may lead to “Osteoporosis”, in which corrosion of bone tissue plinths and disruption of bone architecture take place, the bone becomes consequently fragile that a relatively minor smash or fall causes a fracture or vertebrae to ruin. The subsequent fracture may lead to loss of movement and individuality or freedom. Objective: Our study aims to realize the Frequency of Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency in females and also about awareness of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females in Karachi, Pakistan. Method: A cross-sectional and random method was used to collect data from females about their vitamin D and calcium level and also about the osteopenia and osteoporosis in Karachi, Pakistan in the month of January-March, 2015. Results: According to our survey on vitamin D and Calcium deficiency, we find 41% females are deficient to Ca and Vitamin D, 78% females feel pain in back, legs and joints, only 11% females have tested their Vitamin D level and 12% females have tested their Calcium levels. According to our survey on awareness about osteopenia and osteoporosis, we find that only 34% females have knowledge about osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion: According to our survey, we find that many females are Vitamin D and Calcium deficient but they are not aware about their deficiencies. Very less number of females has tested their Vitamin D and Calcium levels. Awareness about the osteopenia and osteoporosis is also less in females. Steps should be taken at National level to provide its awareness through booklets and proper usage of social media and also to measure blood levels of vitamin D for those who cannot afford it.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163133/Survey_on_Prevalence_of_Vitamin_D_as_Well_as_Calcium_Deficiency_Plus_Awareness_about_Osteopenia_and_Osteoporosis_in_Females","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.404-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Survey_on_Prevalence_of_Vitamin_D_as_Well_as_Calcium_Deficiency_Plus_Awareness_about_Osteopenia_and_Osteoporosis_in_Females","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Introduction: Calcium as well as vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Their deficiency may lead to weak bones by lowering the density of bones, called to be as “osteopenia”. It is alarming sign for patient and healthy life style and adequate diet can control the further damage of bone. Inadequate care may lead to “Osteoporosis”, in which corrosion of bone tissue plinths and disruption of bone architecture take place, the bone becomes consequently fragile that a relatively minor smash or fall causes a fracture or vertebrae to ruin. The subsequent fracture may lead to loss of movement and individuality or freedom. Objective: Our study aims to realize the Frequency of Vitamin D and Calcium deficiency in females and also about awareness of osteopenia and osteoporosis in females in Karachi, Pakistan. Method: A cross-sectional and random method was used to collect data from females about their vitamin D and calcium level and also about the osteopenia and osteoporosis in Karachi, Pakistan in the month of January-March, 2015. Results: According to our survey on vitamin D and Calcium deficiency, we find 41% females are deficient to Ca and Vitamin D, 78% females feel pain in back, legs and joints, only 11% females have tested their Vitamin D level and 12% females have tested their Calcium levels. According to our survey on awareness about osteopenia and osteoporosis, we find that only 34% females have knowledge about osteopenia and osteoporosis. Conclusion: According to our survey, we find that many females are Vitamin D and Calcium deficient but they are not aware about their deficiencies. Very less number of females has tested their Vitamin D and Calcium levels. Awareness about the osteopenia and osteoporosis is also less in females. Steps should be taken at National level to provide its awareness through booklets and proper usage of social media and also to measure blood levels of vitamin D for those who cannot afford it.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":858316,"name":"Bioequivalence and Bioavailability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163133-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163132"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163132/Health_Related_Quality_of_Life_in_Patients_with_Asthma_Survey_based_Study_in_Karachi_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Asthma, Survey based Study in Karachi, Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title">Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Asthma, Survey based Study in Karachi, Pakistan</div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163132"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163132"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163132; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163132]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163132]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163132; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163132']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163132]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163132,"title":"Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Asthma, Survey based Study in Karachi, Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"OMICS Publishing Group","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2016,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of Bioequivalence \u0026 Bioavailability"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163132/Health_Related_Quality_of_Life_in_Patients_with_Asthma_Survey_based_Study_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:30:32.294-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Health_Related_Quality_of_Life_in_Patients_with_Asthma_Survey_based_Study_in_Karachi_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":null,"owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":858316,"name":"Bioequivalence and Bioavailability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163132-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="70163029"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163029/Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Different_Age_Groups_of_Karachi_A_Wakeup_Call_for_Antibiotic_Resistance_and_Future_Infections"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Irrational Use of Antibiotics, in Different Age Groups of Karachi: A Wakeup Call for Antibiotic Resistance and Future Infections" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014646/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/70163029/Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Different_Age_Groups_of_Karachi_A_Wakeup_Call_for_Antibiotic_Resistance_and_Future_Infections">Irrational Use of Antibiotics, in Different Age Groups of Karachi: A Wakeup Call for Antibiotic Resistance and Future Infections</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Antibiotics also acknowledged as antibacterial medications that inhibits or slows down the growth...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Antibiotics also acknowledged as antibacterial medications that inhibits or slows down the growth of bacteria. From discovery of antibiotics, decade added to the life expectancy of man. Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to resistance towards wide range of pathogens and bacteria. The emergence of resistance is threatening the usefulness of antibiotics. There is a dearth of novel agents to encounter the challenge of resistant strains. Our study aims to find out the current practice of irrational antibiotics prescribed by physicians to children and use of antibiotics among adults without prescription or with refilling of prescriptions having antibiotics as a self-medication. A cross-sectional method was use to collect data from different hospitals (from 100 children) and public places (from 200 adults) of Karachi, Pakistan. According to our survey, antibiotics are prescribed to 76% children, although many children have no need of it. According to our survey report on 200 adults 19.5% use antibiotics often, 23% purchase antibiotic without prescriptions, 52.5% never seek advice from health care professionals, 17% adults not follow complete course of antibiotics, 26.5% experienced serious side effects from antibiotics, 41% don't know that the misuse of antibiotic is harmful, while 27.5% thinks that the antibiotics they used will be effective in future for the same infection. 39% adults refills the previous prescription with antibiotics for the same infections they experienced in past whereas 25.5% adults share their prescription of antibiotic with others. We concluded that the major factor that leads to irrational use of antibiotic and its resistance is lack of awareness and improper prescription data by physicians.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7810c2d8f48c75b99dd650fa18c53fdb" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":80014646,"asset_id":70163029,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014646/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="70163029"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70163029"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163029; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163029]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70163029]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70163029; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='70163029']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "7810c2d8f48c75b99dd650fa18c53fdb" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=70163029]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":70163029,"title":"Irrational Use of Antibiotics, in Different Age Groups of Karachi: A Wakeup Call for Antibiotic Resistance and Future Infections","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"OMICS Publishing Group","grobid_abstract":"Antibiotics also acknowledged as antibacterial medications that inhibits or slows down the growth of bacteria. From discovery of antibiotics, decade added to the life expectancy of man. Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to resistance towards wide range of pathogens and bacteria. The emergence of resistance is threatening the usefulness of antibiotics. There is a dearth of novel agents to encounter the challenge of resistant strains. Our study aims to find out the current practice of irrational antibiotics prescribed by physicians to children and use of antibiotics among adults without prescription or with refilling of prescriptions having antibiotics as a self-medication. A cross-sectional method was use to collect data from different hospitals (from 100 children) and public places (from 200 adults) of Karachi, Pakistan. According to our survey, antibiotics are prescribed to 76% children, although many children have no need of it. According to our survey report on 200 adults 19.5% use antibiotics often, 23% purchase antibiotic without prescriptions, 52.5% never seek advice from health care professionals, 17% adults not follow complete course of antibiotics, 26.5% experienced serious side effects from antibiotics, 41% don't know that the misuse of antibiotic is harmful, while 27.5% thinks that the antibiotics they used will be effective in future for the same infection. 39% adults refills the previous prescription with antibiotics for the same infections they experienced in past whereas 25.5% adults share their prescription of antibiotic with others. We concluded that the major factor that leads to irrational use of antibiotic and its resistance is lack of awareness and improper prescription data by physicians.","publication_name":"Journal of Bioequivalence \u0026 Bioavailability","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":80014646},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/70163029/Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Different_Age_Groups_of_Karachi_A_Wakeup_Call_for_Antibiotic_Resistance_and_Future_Infections","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-31T08:29:06.878-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80014646,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014646/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"irrational-use-of-antibiotics-in-different-age-groups-of-karachi-a-wakeupcall-for-antibiotic-resistance-and-future-infections-jbb-100030.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014646/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Differe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014646/irrational-use-of-antibiotics-in-different-age-groups-of-karachi-a-wakeupcall-for-antibiotic-resistance-and-future-infections-jbb-100030-libre.pdf?1643648449=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIrrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Differe.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=dw4kuv7yA0xu93gSA8ZRNWAJD4~WcIlC5l6lEghIPDpoYgffekZJrfLp0er3RqPPH~KXCGuw7A-Qwv3qAuZJK9MalXEt-45rsoy80-t77LMbcjO-Z7ecHrVbjVq0wlmUvASkTaV180Pd3o2dmMNvW6jVSLVt9K9h33QIeKiOyvOQJEK-hbWG8iUbCNBU25aJP9Dedrlp66UwFqnu0ZXK3qtsAT77yfBNc8jPaz~JhD~13xr74ferBlymeJjnsDaV4HQKZ8RxITWHalykADPbEcaAngzcyBm77uDfYvClNDDh1MuZkXdoZjWWUow0noiHDh6XIu6Aw2Rk0Xh~O9~eXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Different_Age_Groups_of_Karachi_A_Wakeup_Call_for_Antibiotic_Resistance_and_Future_Infections","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Antibiotics also acknowledged as antibacterial medications that inhibits or slows down the growth of bacteria. From discovery of antibiotics, decade added to the life expectancy of man. Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to resistance towards wide range of pathogens and bacteria. The emergence of resistance is threatening the usefulness of antibiotics. There is a dearth of novel agents to encounter the challenge of resistant strains. Our study aims to find out the current practice of irrational antibiotics prescribed by physicians to children and use of antibiotics among adults without prescription or with refilling of prescriptions having antibiotics as a self-medication. A cross-sectional method was use to collect data from different hospitals (from 100 children) and public places (from 200 adults) of Karachi, Pakistan. According to our survey, antibiotics are prescribed to 76% children, although many children have no need of it. According to our survey report on 200 adults 19.5% use antibiotics often, 23% purchase antibiotic without prescriptions, 52.5% never seek advice from health care professionals, 17% adults not follow complete course of antibiotics, 26.5% experienced serious side effects from antibiotics, 41% don't know that the misuse of antibiotic is harmful, while 27.5% thinks that the antibiotics they used will be effective in future for the same infection. 39% adults refills the previous prescription with antibiotics for the same infections they experienced in past whereas 25.5% adults share their prescription of antibiotic with others. We concluded that the major factor that leads to irrational use of antibiotic and its resistance is lack of awareness and improper prescription data by physicians.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":80014646,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/80014646/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"irrational-use-of-antibiotics-in-different-age-groups-of-karachi-a-wakeupcall-for-antibiotic-resistance-and-future-infections-jbb-100030.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80014646/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Irrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Differe.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/80014646/irrational-use-of-antibiotics-in-different-age-groups-of-karachi-a-wakeupcall-for-antibiotic-resistance-and-future-infections-jbb-100030-libre.pdf?1643648449=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DIrrational_Use_of_Antibiotics_in_Differe.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=dw4kuv7yA0xu93gSA8ZRNWAJD4~WcIlC5l6lEghIPDpoYgffekZJrfLp0er3RqPPH~KXCGuw7A-Qwv3qAuZJK9MalXEt-45rsoy80-t77LMbcjO-Z7ecHrVbjVq0wlmUvASkTaV180Pd3o2dmMNvW6jVSLVt9K9h33QIeKiOyvOQJEK-hbWG8iUbCNBU25aJP9Dedrlp66UwFqnu0ZXK3qtsAT77yfBNc8jPaz~JhD~13xr74ferBlymeJjnsDaV4HQKZ8RxITWHalykADPbEcaAngzcyBm77uDfYvClNDDh1MuZkXdoZjWWUow0noiHDh6XIu6Aw2Rk0Xh~O9~eXw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":858316,"name":"Bioequivalence and Bioavailability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioequivalence_and_Bioavailability"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-70163029-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37656300"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656300/2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form_pdf"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of 2018 UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection form.pdf" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643557/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656300/2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form_pdf">2018 UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection form.pdf</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d24a377a690373b53d73506dd67273f0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57643557,"asset_id":37656300,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643557/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37656300"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37656300"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656300; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656300]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656300]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656300; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37656300']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d24a377a690373b53d73506dd67273f0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37656300]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37656300,"title":"2018 UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection form.pdf","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","ai_title_tag":"UV Method for Phenytoin Analysis in Bulk/Injections"},"translated_abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37656300/2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form_pdf","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-10-26T19:51:03.901-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":31993522,"work_id":37656300,"tagging_user_id":11808804,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":2078613,"email":"e***i@bosaljournals.com","display_order":0,"name":"Chemistry International","title":"2018 UV spectroscopic method for determination of phenytoin in bulk and injection form.pdf"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57643557,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643557/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643557/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643557/2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form-libre.pdf?1540608925=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=fb9eQjsOh2~3L27UKvey06AgkDEVJtTPWOZKJuptSV1FF1UWZW8dgzVvR1xgJhKObDY~8eCUmZL7rXYANvbWqV~SYTs2HS215Cdt8awoiNHoISX16EUXoLLGJ2owXEoglnoFodUU2O3Z8sMvSnYjLhnHM1ORSt4oXLSvTbPLMOd9iQ5qdtzEwxQZ9OTobkIGW-LnqO-g6bYXdtkEfJO5jOjJc0xHtwcGfphqKIPaXiPxbdVA9yuo7CELvawH6YtzkkAtQXuSNShViBhUkhg601dav9BwK9md1fRh-GhLajsJpwEhSwsBGl96zipCYU6FcveMM3~9bi6xe2QmQDCCpw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form_pdf","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine Phenytoin in bulk and injection form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Phenytoin was found 202 nm. Linearity existed perceived in the concentration assortment 2-8 μg/ml (r 2 = 0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Phenytoin in bulk and injection form.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":57643557,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643557/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643557/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643557/2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determination_of_phenytoin_in_bulk_and_injection_form-libre.pdf?1540608925=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3D2018_UV_spectroscopic_method_for_determi.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=fb9eQjsOh2~3L27UKvey06AgkDEVJtTPWOZKJuptSV1FF1UWZW8dgzVvR1xgJhKObDY~8eCUmZL7rXYANvbWqV~SYTs2HS215Cdt8awoiNHoISX16EUXoLLGJ2owXEoglnoFodUU2O3Z8sMvSnYjLhnHM1ORSt4oXLSvTbPLMOd9iQ5qdtzEwxQZ9OTobkIGW-LnqO-g6bYXdtkEfJO5jOjJc0xHtwcGfphqKIPaXiPxbdVA9yuo7CELvawH6YtzkkAtQXuSNShViBhUkhg601dav9BwK9md1fRh-GhLajsJpwEhSwsBGl96zipCYU6FcveMM3~9bi6xe2QmQDCCpw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37656300-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37656299"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656299/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work_for_Fexofenadine_Preparations_Accessible_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pharmaceutical Equivalent Analysis Work for Fexofenadine Preparations Accessible in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643556/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656299/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work_for_Fexofenadine_Preparations_Accessible_in_Pakistan">Pharmaceutical Equivalent Analysis Work for Fexofenadine Preparations Accessible in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFH) is a second-generation oral antihistamine which has been widely ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFH) is a second-generation oral antihistamine which has been widely prescribed for alleviating symptoms of Allergic rhinitis in children [1]. Fexofenadine is a non-sedating antihistamine approved for treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and considerably reduced pruritus severity [2]. Fexofenadine HCl is safe and effective for treatment of fall SAR, with 60 mg bid being the best therapeutic dose [3]. Fexofenadine is a selective, peripheral H1-receptor antagonist with fast, durable activity. it's well endured, and not concomitant with sedation or cardio toxicity [4]. Fexofenadine HCl has no important consequence on QTc, even at doses > 10-fold bigger than that's efficacious for SAR [5]. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was considerably more practical in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. The foremost common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, nausea, viral infection, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue. Fexofenadine encompasses a high fringe of safety and is additionally well endured in subjects with nephritic or hepatic impairment, in kids and also the aged [6]. Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), characterised by the looks of itchy wheals of unknown etiology, are often staggeringly enervating and might expressively cut back a patient's quality of life (QOL) treated by Fexofenadine [7]. The second generation histamine H(1)-receptor antagonists are necessary therapeutic tools within the treatment of atopic illness and probably will have an area as an adjunct medical care for those patients whose allergic asthma coexists with allergic rhinitis [8]. The nonsedating histamine H1 receptor antagonist fexofenadine is the active metabolite of terfenadine. It reduced the allergic response in animal models of allergy and did not prolong the QT interval (QTc) in dogs or rabbits at plasma concentrations many times higher than those seen after administration of therapeutic dosages. Similarly, relative to placebo, fexofenadine did not affect mean QTc in patients given dosages of up to 480 mg/day for 2 weeks or in volunteers who received up to 800 mg/day for 6 days or 240 mg/ day for 12 months. In a double-blind clinical trial, oral fexofenadine 120 or 180mg once daily controlled symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis as effectively as cetirizine. Other double-blind clinical trials showed that fexofenadine 40 to 240mg twice daily was significantly more effective than placebo. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was significantly more effective than placebo in patients with chronic idiopathic urticarial. The drug was well tolerated in these clinical trials, with an adverse event profile similar to that seen with placebo. The most common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, viral infection, nausea, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue [9]. Fexofenadine is administered as a racemic mixture of (R)-and (S)-enantiomers. The plasma concentrations of (R)-fexofenadine in humans are about 1.5-fold higher than those of the (S)-enantiomer. Such differences in the pharmacokinetics between fexofenadine enantiomers are likely to be dependent on stereo selectivity for affinity to drug-transporters [10]. The aim of study is to assess whether the 3 brands of Fexofenadine tablets are pharmaceutical equivalent or not. This type of study will provide a better alternative for the patient in various cases like lack of resources or unavailability of some brands. We tend to have already got been indulged in such sort of studies [11,12]. The objective of this study is to envision pharmaceutical equivalence of various brands of Fexofenadine tablets accessible in Karachi, Pakistan. Three different brands of Fexofenadine tablets (60mg) were investigated in the study. Five quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability and disintegration were applied nominative by BP/USP (British and united state pharmacopoeia). The results of study evident that the parameters like weight variation, thickness, hardness, disintegration and friability are in accordance with BP/USP. Entirely 3 brands of Fexofenadine are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="04a1af9b18c630ffec5b35e380b10ce1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57643556,"asset_id":37656299,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643556/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37656299"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37656299"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656299; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656299]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656299]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656299; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37656299']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "04a1af9b18c630ffec5b35e380b10ce1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37656299]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37656299,"title":"Pharmaceutical Equivalent Analysis Work for Fexofenadine Preparations Accessible in Pakistan","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFH) is a second-generation oral antihistamine which has been widely prescribed for alleviating symptoms of Allergic rhinitis in children [1]. Fexofenadine is a non-sedating antihistamine approved for treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and considerably reduced pruritus severity [2]. Fexofenadine HCl is safe and effective for treatment of fall SAR, with 60 mg bid being the best therapeutic dose [3]. Fexofenadine is a selective, peripheral H1-receptor antagonist with fast, durable activity. it's well endured, and not concomitant with sedation or cardio toxicity [4]. Fexofenadine HCl has no important consequence on QTc, even at doses \u003e 10-fold bigger than that's efficacious for SAR [5]. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was considerably more practical in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. The foremost common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, nausea, viral infection, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue. Fexofenadine encompasses a high fringe of safety and is additionally well endured in subjects with nephritic or hepatic impairment, in kids and also the aged [6]. Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), characterised by the looks of itchy wheals of unknown etiology, are often staggeringly enervating and might expressively cut back a patient's quality of life (QOL) treated by Fexofenadine [7]. The second generation histamine H(1)-receptor antagonists are necessary therapeutic tools within the treatment of atopic illness and probably will have an area as an adjunct medical care for those patients whose allergic asthma coexists with allergic rhinitis [8]. The nonsedating histamine H1 receptor antagonist fexofenadine is the active metabolite of terfenadine. It reduced the allergic response in animal models of allergy and did not prolong the QT interval (QTc) in dogs or rabbits at plasma concentrations many times higher than those seen after administration of therapeutic dosages. Similarly, relative to placebo, fexofenadine did not affect mean QTc in patients given dosages of up to 480 mg/day for 2 weeks or in volunteers who received up to 800 mg/day for 6 days or 240 mg/ day for 12 months. In a double-blind clinical trial, oral fexofenadine 120 or 180mg once daily controlled symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis as effectively as cetirizine. Other double-blind clinical trials showed that fexofenadine 40 to 240mg twice daily was significantly more effective than placebo. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was significantly more effective than placebo in patients with chronic idiopathic urticarial. The drug was well tolerated in these clinical trials, with an adverse event profile similar to that seen with placebo. The most common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, viral infection, nausea, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue [9]. Fexofenadine is administered as a racemic mixture of (R)-and (S)-enantiomers. The plasma concentrations of (R)-fexofenadine in humans are about 1.5-fold higher than those of the (S)-enantiomer. Such differences in the pharmacokinetics between fexofenadine enantiomers are likely to be dependent on stereo selectivity for affinity to drug-transporters [10]. The aim of study is to assess whether the 3 brands of Fexofenadine tablets are pharmaceutical equivalent or not. This type of study will provide a better alternative for the patient in various cases like lack of resources or unavailability of some brands. We tend to have already got been indulged in such sort of studies [11,12]. The objective of this study is to envision pharmaceutical equivalence of various brands of Fexofenadine tablets accessible in Karachi, Pakistan. Three different brands of Fexofenadine tablets (60mg) were investigated in the study. Five quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability and disintegration were applied nominative by BP/USP (British and united state pharmacopoeia). The results of study evident that the parameters like weight variation, thickness, hardness, disintegration and friability are in accordance with BP/USP. Entirely 3 brands of Fexofenadine are Pharmaceutical Equivalent."},"translated_abstract":"Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFH) is a second-generation oral antihistamine which has been widely prescribed for alleviating symptoms of Allergic rhinitis in children [1]. Fexofenadine is a non-sedating antihistamine approved for treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and considerably reduced pruritus severity [2]. Fexofenadine HCl is safe and effective for treatment of fall SAR, with 60 mg bid being the best therapeutic dose [3]. Fexofenadine is a selective, peripheral H1-receptor antagonist with fast, durable activity. it's well endured, and not concomitant with sedation or cardio toxicity [4]. Fexofenadine HCl has no important consequence on QTc, even at doses \u003e 10-fold bigger than that's efficacious for SAR [5]. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was considerably more practical in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. The foremost common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, nausea, viral infection, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue. Fexofenadine encompasses a high fringe of safety and is additionally well endured in subjects with nephritic or hepatic impairment, in kids and also the aged [6]. Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), characterised by the looks of itchy wheals of unknown etiology, are often staggeringly enervating and might expressively cut back a patient's quality of life (QOL) treated by Fexofenadine [7]. The second generation histamine H(1)-receptor antagonists are necessary therapeutic tools within the treatment of atopic illness and probably will have an area as an adjunct medical care for those patients whose allergic asthma coexists with allergic rhinitis [8]. The nonsedating histamine H1 receptor antagonist fexofenadine is the active metabolite of terfenadine. It reduced the allergic response in animal models of allergy and did not prolong the QT interval (QTc) in dogs or rabbits at plasma concentrations many times higher than those seen after administration of therapeutic dosages. Similarly, relative to placebo, fexofenadine did not affect mean QTc in patients given dosages of up to 480 mg/day for 2 weeks or in volunteers who received up to 800 mg/day for 6 days or 240 mg/ day for 12 months. In a double-blind clinical trial, oral fexofenadine 120 or 180mg once daily controlled symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis as effectively as cetirizine. Other double-blind clinical trials showed that fexofenadine 40 to 240mg twice daily was significantly more effective than placebo. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was significantly more effective than placebo in patients with chronic idiopathic urticarial. The drug was well tolerated in these clinical trials, with an adverse event profile similar to that seen with placebo. The most common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, viral infection, nausea, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue [9]. Fexofenadine is administered as a racemic mixture of (R)-and (S)-enantiomers. The plasma concentrations of (R)-fexofenadine in humans are about 1.5-fold higher than those of the (S)-enantiomer. Such differences in the pharmacokinetics between fexofenadine enantiomers are likely to be dependent on stereo selectivity for affinity to drug-transporters [10]. The aim of study is to assess whether the 3 brands of Fexofenadine tablets are pharmaceutical equivalent or not. This type of study will provide a better alternative for the patient in various cases like lack of resources or unavailability of some brands. We tend to have already got been indulged in such sort of studies [11,12]. The objective of this study is to envision pharmaceutical equivalence of various brands of Fexofenadine tablets accessible in Karachi, Pakistan. Three different brands of Fexofenadine tablets (60mg) were investigated in the study. Five quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability and disintegration were applied nominative by BP/USP (British and united state pharmacopoeia). The results of study evident that the parameters like weight variation, thickness, hardness, disintegration and friability are in accordance with BP/USP. Entirely 3 brands of Fexofenadine are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37656299/Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work_for_Fexofenadine_Preparations_Accessible_in_Pakistan","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-10-26T19:51:03.698-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57643556,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643556/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_Pharmaceutical-Equivalent-Analysis-Work-for-Fexofenadine-Preparations-Accessible-in-Pakistan.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643556/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643556/2018_Pharmaceutical-Equivalent-Analysis-Work-for-Fexofenadine-Preparations-Accessible-in-Pakistan-libre.pdf?1540608917=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=Z4z1Fbp-kPtVCh~aSbudHk9jEJjs9vQWae-rFjFob-l-6gee3tZUuTFMwZFo38o4t-mpme9oXeU8Yc~QI9hipGtb3ijpyix9x4XFOXH3bXdVAGgx12K~VFiyPDPeKTWovEgZEwFkPQt9-52nJ2eZMcDZ6QRJgJNROZKHb2TLe4~lQIimLIbzh4ptyEqeRmGtvQN-u9ZWnWl~kL5h-TAsKkL9EOxIHTHdzbqB6wGG4FAOPimsNc5-JQH6TkkyI~SeJe8GYdO6kGvEhQrGvREbnw9Xddo12r0EAAvCVyuC229roue-IuxPCSEX8rFHpEQdMIHBa4YP8tQ~1iDSLmek2A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work_for_Fexofenadine_Preparations_Accessible_in_Pakistan","translated_slug":"","page_count":4,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Fexofenadine hydrochloride (FFH) is a second-generation oral antihistamine which has been widely prescribed for alleviating symptoms of Allergic rhinitis in children [1]. Fexofenadine is a non-sedating antihistamine approved for treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and considerably reduced pruritus severity [2]. Fexofenadine HCl is safe and effective for treatment of fall SAR, with 60 mg bid being the best therapeutic dose [3]. Fexofenadine is a selective, peripheral H1-receptor antagonist with fast, durable activity. it's well endured, and not concomitant with sedation or cardio toxicity [4]. Fexofenadine HCl has no important consequence on QTc, even at doses \u003e 10-fold bigger than that's efficacious for SAR [5]. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was considerably more practical in patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. The foremost common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, nausea, viral infection, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue. Fexofenadine encompasses a high fringe of safety and is additionally well endured in subjects with nephritic or hepatic impairment, in kids and also the aged [6]. Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), characterised by the looks of itchy wheals of unknown etiology, are often staggeringly enervating and might expressively cut back a patient's quality of life (QOL) treated by Fexofenadine [7]. The second generation histamine H(1)-receptor antagonists are necessary therapeutic tools within the treatment of atopic illness and probably will have an area as an adjunct medical care for those patients whose allergic asthma coexists with allergic rhinitis [8]. The nonsedating histamine H1 receptor antagonist fexofenadine is the active metabolite of terfenadine. It reduced the allergic response in animal models of allergy and did not prolong the QT interval (QTc) in dogs or rabbits at plasma concentrations many times higher than those seen after administration of therapeutic dosages. Similarly, relative to placebo, fexofenadine did not affect mean QTc in patients given dosages of up to 480 mg/day for 2 weeks or in volunteers who received up to 800 mg/day for 6 days or 240 mg/ day for 12 months. In a double-blind clinical trial, oral fexofenadine 120 or 180mg once daily controlled symptoms in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis as effectively as cetirizine. Other double-blind clinical trials showed that fexofenadine 40 to 240mg twice daily was significantly more effective than placebo. Fexofenadine 180 or 240mg once daily was significantly more effective than placebo in patients with chronic idiopathic urticarial. The drug was well tolerated in these clinical trials, with an adverse event profile similar to that seen with placebo. The most common adverse events were headache, throat irritation, viral infection, nausea, dysmenorrhea, drowsiness, dyspepsia and fatigue [9]. Fexofenadine is administered as a racemic mixture of (R)-and (S)-enantiomers. The plasma concentrations of (R)-fexofenadine in humans are about 1.5-fold higher than those of the (S)-enantiomer. Such differences in the pharmacokinetics between fexofenadine enantiomers are likely to be dependent on stereo selectivity for affinity to drug-transporters [10]. The aim of study is to assess whether the 3 brands of Fexofenadine tablets are pharmaceutical equivalent or not. This type of study will provide a better alternative for the patient in various cases like lack of resources or unavailability of some brands. We tend to have already got been indulged in such sort of studies [11,12]. The objective of this study is to envision pharmaceutical equivalence of various brands of Fexofenadine tablets accessible in Karachi, Pakistan. Three different brands of Fexofenadine tablets (60mg) were investigated in the study. Five quality control (QC) parameters: weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability and disintegration were applied nominative by BP/USP (British and united state pharmacopoeia). The results of study evident that the parameters like weight variation, thickness, hardness, disintegration and friability are in accordance with BP/USP. Entirely 3 brands of Fexofenadine are Pharmaceutical Equivalent.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":57643556,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643556/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_Pharmaceutical-Equivalent-Analysis-Work-for-Fexofenadine-Preparations-Accessible-in-Pakistan.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643556/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Pharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643556/2018_Pharmaceutical-Equivalent-Analysis-Work-for-Fexofenadine-Preparations-Accessible-in-Pakistan-libre.pdf?1540608917=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPharmaceutical_Equivalent_Analysis_Work.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=Z4z1Fbp-kPtVCh~aSbudHk9jEJjs9vQWae-rFjFob-l-6gee3tZUuTFMwZFo38o4t-mpme9oXeU8Yc~QI9hipGtb3ijpyix9x4XFOXH3bXdVAGgx12K~VFiyPDPeKTWovEgZEwFkPQt9-52nJ2eZMcDZ6QRJgJNROZKHb2TLe4~lQIimLIbzh4ptyEqeRmGtvQN-u9ZWnWl~kL5h-TAsKkL9EOxIHTHdzbqB6wGG4FAOPimsNc5-JQH6TkkyI~SeJe8GYdO6kGvEhQrGvREbnw9Xddo12r0EAAvCVyuC229roue-IuxPCSEX8rFHpEQdMIHBa4YP8tQ~1iDSLmek2A__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":140,"name":"Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology"},{"id":656,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (false) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37656299-figures'); } }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="37656298"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656298/Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643555/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/37656298/Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method">Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed">Asra Hameed</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://juw.academia.edu/DrSomiaGul">Prof. Dr. Somia Gul</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r 2 =0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><div class="carousel-container carousel-container--sm" id="profile-work-37656298-figures"><div class="prev-slide-container js-prev-button-container"><button aria-label="Previous" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-37656298-figures-prev"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_back_ios</span></button></div><div class="slides-container js-slides-container"><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729635/table-4-statistical-evaluation-of-inter-day-and-intra-day"><img alt="Table 4: Statistical evaluation of inter-day and intra-day precision studies. Limit of Detection (LOD) & Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) LOD in addition to LOQ were appraised via the regression " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/table_005.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729563/figure-1-chemical-structure-of-velpatasvir"><img alt="Figure 1: Chemical structure of Velpatasvir. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/figure_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729569/figure-2-the-correlation-coefficient-was-found-to"><img alt="The correlation coefficient was found to Figure 2: Calibration curve for velpatasvir. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/figure_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729588/table-1-calibration-data-of-velpatasvir-for-absorbance"><img alt="Table 1: Calibration data of velpatasvir for absorbance maxima. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/table_001.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729598/table-3-accuracy-and-recovery-of-the-developed-method"><img alt="Table 3: Accuracy and recovery of the developed method. substance and is adequate for routine analysis. Based on the % recovery data, it was concluded that the developed method is capable for the estimation of VEL drug Based on the % recovery data, it was concluded that the " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/table_002.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729611/table-2-parameters-from-the-calibration-curve-to-at-three"><img alt="Table 2: Parameters from the calibration curve. 100.00% to 100.35% at three different concentration levels, Accuracy " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/table_003.jpg" /></a></figure><figure class="figure-slide-container"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/figures/9729621/table-5-lod-and-loq-of-velpatasvir-and-no-hindrance-was"><img alt="Table 5: LOD and LOQ of Velpatasvir. and no hindrance was observed in placebo and in sample. " class="figure-slide-image" src="https://figures.academia-assets.com/57643555/table_004.jpg" /></a></figure></div><div class="next-slide-container js-next-button-container"><button aria-label="Next" class="carousel-navigation-button js-profile-work-37656298-figures-next"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">arrow_forward_ios</span></button></div></div></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d8f9a5d9c604dcc680aacbea04d905de" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":57643555,"asset_id":37656298,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643555/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="37656298"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37656298"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656298; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656298]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37656298]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37656298; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='37656298']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d8f9a5d9c604dcc680aacbea04d905de" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=37656298]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":37656298,"title":"Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r 2 =0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form."},"translated_abstract":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r 2 =0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37656298/Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2018-10-26T19:51:03.689-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":11808804,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":31993520,"work_id":37656298,"tagging_user_id":11808804,"tagged_user_id":1761826,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"d***3@yahoo.com","affiliation":"Jinnah University For Women","display_order":1,"name":"Prof. Dr. Somia Gul","title":"Development and Validation of UV-Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Velpatasvir in Bulk Form by Absorbance Maxima Method"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57643555,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643555/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_Development_and_Validation_of_UV-Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643555/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643555/2018_Development_and_Validation_of_UV-Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir-libre.pdf?1540608917=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDevelopment_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectro.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=N7WNrQUZNOZDs-zDB5HQBfPIyklVO1ei8nByHhZJ1v7pzeqZeLh62tbA9tgpRPztPReWOszigXXgpLitlhUF5Jei1QMtCv~gDL7dPBtOd4Q16774knqwDXcZNHp-7eHlZgDNRLpzA-s-GLuIh256UnNVAyBbvFHlTtOQe-m8waLx-H8xc4Dil84fpsaPx62gkmLMiR2t2D-JYfdY6PAKcG0NlW-Os2VKyhMw5jcQgt8h2r8~0ZBiBHug8NdQVfqpSb6VEgj11sT0dwbu64-InEPDueBdRecYJoqC1l4Q9RTbjhZGsdwav45tiFsovPCkvvksmJyGngnH6W7NbIHCGQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir_in_Bulk_Form_by_Absorbance_Maxima_Method","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","summary":"Recent study was conducted to develop a simple UV spectrophotometric method to determine an HCV inhibitor, Velpatasvir in bulk form according to official requirement and validate as per ICH guidelines. λmax of Velpatasvir was found 303 nm. Linearity existedperceived in the concentration assortment 5-40 μg/ml (r 2 =0.999) for the method. The method was validated pertaining to linearity, precision and accuracy studies, LOD and LOQ consistent with ICH guidelines. Recovery studies for absorption maxima method was found to be 100.35%, 100.0% and 100.08% respectively. The existent method was establish to be simple, linear, precise, accurate as well as sensitive and can be applied for routine quality control enquiry for the analysis of Velpatasvir in bulk form.","owner":{"id":11808804,"first_name":"Asra","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Hameed","page_name":"AsraHameed","domain_name":"juw","created_at":"2014-05-05T12:12:06.172-07:00","display_name":"Asra Hameed","url":"https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed"},"attachments":[{"id":57643555,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/57643555/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2018_Development_and_Validation_of_UV-Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57643555/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Development_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectro.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/57643555/2018_Development_and_Validation_of_UV-Spectrophotometric_Method_for_Estimation_of_Velpatasvir-libre.pdf?1540608917=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDevelopment_and_Validation_of_UV_Spectro.pdf\u0026Expires=1743648465\u0026Signature=N7WNrQUZNOZDs-zDB5HQBfPIyklVO1ei8nByHhZJ1v7pzeqZeLh62tbA9tgpRPztPReWOszigXXgpLitlhUF5Jei1QMtCv~gDL7dPBtOd4Q16774knqwDXcZNHp-7eHlZgDNRLpzA-s-GLuIh256UnNVAyBbvFHlTtOQe-m8waLx-H8xc4Dil84fpsaPx62gkmLMiR2t2D-JYfdY6PAKcG0NlW-Os2VKyhMw5jcQgt8h2r8~0ZBiBHug8NdQVfqpSb6VEgj11sT0dwbu64-InEPDueBdRecYJoqC1l4Q9RTbjhZGsdwav45tiFsovPCkvvksmJyGngnH6W7NbIHCGQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":140,"name":"Pharmacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacology"},{"id":656,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy"},{"id":1190239,"name":"Cytotoxic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cytotoxic"},{"id":1439329,"name":"Methanolic Extract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methanolic_Extract"},{"id":2272583,"name":"MTT assay","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MTT_assay"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") if (true) { Aedu.setUpFigureCarousel('profile-work-37656298-figures'); } }); </script> </div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/google_contacts-0dfb882d836b94dbcb4a2d123d6933fc9533eda5be911641f20b4eb428429600.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $('.js-google-connect-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); GoogleContacts.authorize_and_show_contacts(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-button').click(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); $.ajax({ url: $r.api_v0_profiles_update_about_path({ subdomain_param: 'api', about: "", }), type: 'PUT', success: function(response) { location.reload(); } }); }); $('.js-work-creator-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_document_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-video-upload-button').click(function (e) { e.preventDefault(); window.location = $r.upload_funnel_video_path({ source: encodeURIComponent(""), }); }); $('.js-do-this-later-button').click(function() { $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileImportContactsPrompt"); }); $('.js-update-biography-do-this-later-button').click(function(){ $(this).closest('.js-profile-nag-panel').remove(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("UpdateUserBiographyPrompt"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--close').click(function(){ $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--panel').hide(); Aedu.Dismissibles.recordDismissal("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); $('.wow-profile-mentions-upsell--button').click(function(){ Aedu.Dismissibles.recordClickthrough("WowProfileMentionsUpsell"); }); new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserWorks({ initialWorksOffset: 20, allWorksOffset: 20, maxSections: 1 }) }); </script> </div></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile_edit-5ea339ee107c863779f560dd7275595239fed73f1a13d279d2b599a28c0ecd33.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/add_coauthor-22174b608f9cb871d03443cafa7feac496fb50d7df2d66a53f5ee3c04ba67f53.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/tab-dcac0130902f0cc2d8cb403714dd47454f11fc6fb0e99ae6a0827b06613abc20.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb window.ae = window.ae || {}; window.ae.WowProfile = window.ae.WowProfile || {}; if(Aedu.User.current && Aedu.User.current.id === $viewedUser.id) { window.ae.WowProfile.current_user_edit = {}; new WowProfileEdit.EditUploadView({ el: '.js-edit-upload-button-wrapper', model: window.$current_user, }); new AddCoauthor.AddCoauthorsController(); } var userInfoView = new WowProfile.SocialRedesignUserInfo({ recaptcha_key: "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB" }); WowProfile.router = new WowProfile.Router({ userInfoView: userInfoView }); Backbone.history.start({ pushState: true, root: "/" + $viewedUser.page_name }); new WowProfile.UserWorksNav() }); </script> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "cf0619241521a39130fae5e9897dc4c5ffba5b577a1488d0198b0a35ed25b306", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="gl8wLY_b9gmwuwwUIIPVPXAJonJpQUPIPMx1Zd9Xy1epWlfCJ009zqCLQYEx8LvomAlcgBqp-M_kZweRxXIsGQ" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://juw.academia.edu/AsraHameed" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="DP1zgb-6Y2YKmJQI1qzbRz3fsIdcE9Z8o-3gky5Ztqcn-BRuFyyooRqo2Z3H37WS1d9OdS_7bXt7RpJnNHxR6Q" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>