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</head> <body> <div class="container">  <div class="column span-12 first" id="header">  <div id="search"> <form method="get" id="searchform" action="http://www.peterfrase.com/"> <div> <input type="text" name="s" id="s" value="Search" onFocus="clearInput('s', 'Search')" onBlur="clearInput('s', 'Search')" /> </div> </form> </div>  <a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/" class="logo"></a> <h1>Peter Frase</h1>  <div class="description"></div> </div>   <div class="column span-12 first large" id="nav"> <div class="content"> <ul> <li class="current_page_item first"> </li> <li class="page_item page-item-262"><a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/">Home</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-258"><a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/about/">About</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-8098"><a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/talking/">Talking</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-2232"><a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/writing/">Writing</a></li> <li class="page_item page-item-276"><a 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/> <FIGCAPTION>I had to stop using this as my Facebook profile pic so I could promote my book. But this post seemed like an appropriate place to pay tribute to 'Wario Tronti'.</FIGCAPTION></p> <p></FIGURE></p> <p>Bernie Sanders will probably lose the Democratic nomination to Hillary Clinton, after his impressive but inadequate showing on March 15th. But the left still won that night.</p> <p>The Sanders campaign has energized and galvanized a big chunk of people, especially young people. And it has made it routine to talk about "socialism" in polite company. So as someone who has been out in the wilderness talking about Marxism and socialism for 20 years, I can't but love it for those reasons.</p> <p>But inevitably, there's a layer of inexperienced activists who have such an affective investment in the campaign that they lose sight of the bigger picture. They make out this one politician to be more significant than he is, while at the same time misunderstanding his real value. Not just because Sanders' "socialism" is no more than what would, in many other contexts, be considered a tepid kind of European welfare capitalism. To really appreciate the significance of Sanders, you have to see his candidacy as something other than just an electoral campaign, something that's about more than just the ability of one guy from Vermont to win a certain number of delegates and prevail at a convention.</p> <p>Recently, Corey Robin [wrote](https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/03/michigan-primary-bernie-sanders-nomination/) about the campaign and encouraged Sanders supporters to keep up the fight. Rather than "get too caught up in the question of delegate counts," he advised, we should "educate, agitate, and organize the body politic." And we should specifically do that through the Sanders campaign because while "the Left loves social movements," such movements are "not immune to the mood and medium of electoral politics," which he portrays as a way of concentrating and focusing the Left's energy.</p> <p>I'd put it a bit differently. The Sanders campaign *is* a "social movement," and it would be a mistake to put too much emphasis on the fact that this particular movement is occurring through the medium of electoral politics. Certainly at the level of [infrastructure and personnel](http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/03/bernie-sanders-2016-inside-213692), Sanders draws on the remains of prior organizing around politicians like Howard Dean and Barack Obama. But Bernie as an unexpected social phenomenon and [dank meme](https://www.facebook.com/Bernie-Sanders-Dank-Meme-Stash-962428640512586/) inspiration is just as much a successor to recent non-electoral movements like Occupy and Black Lives Matter. </p> <p>It's in the ebbing and flowing of these interconnected movements that we can see the evolving components of a resurgent left, a nascent challenge to capitalism that takes multiple forms, some electoral and some not. Partisans of political candidates, especially presidential candidates, have a tendency to [hype up](http://harpers.org/archive/2014/03/nothing-left-2/) every election as the key turning point upon which all politics depends. But it's probably better to see things like the Sanders campaign as part of what the Italian ["workerist"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workerism) Marxist tradition called the process of "class composition." </p> <p>Class composition, as the [historian](http://www.amazon.com/Storming-Heaven-Composition-Struggle-Autonomist/dp/0745316069) of workerism Steve Wright puts it, deals with "the relationship between the material structure of the working class, and its behaviour as a subject autonomous from the dictates of both the labour movement and capital." The activists who developed the concept, like Raniero Panzieri and Mario Tronti, where struggling with an old Marxist problem: transforming a working class "in itself" into one "for itself." That is, how can atomized individuals, exploited in capitalism, become part of a self-conscious [collective](https://www.jacobinmag.com/2012/11/an-imagined-community/), with a shared [identity](https://www.jacobinmag.com/2014/06/stay-classy/) linked to social transformation?</p> <p>For the original workerists, class composition was closely tied to the experiences of industrial workers in the factory. But later users of the concept, including [Antonio Negri](http://www.elkilombo.org/archaeology-and-project-the-mass-worker-and-the-social-worker/), began to expand the concept more broadly. They insisted that the experience of class reached out into the city, and into the family, so that the process of class composition had to take into account the fullness of a worker's life rather than just his or her experience in wage labor itself. Which means that the forces of class composition can include not just the minimum wage you make at McDonalds, but the police officer who harrasses you on the way home from your shift.</p> <p>To take this all back to the concrete, and to the voting on March 15th, it's most illuminating to look not at the presidential primary, but to [something else](http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/03/chicago-primary-black-lives-matter) that happened in Illinois and Ohio. In Illinois, state's attorney Anita Alvarez lost her primary by a huge margin, while at the same time Tim McGinty was losing his race in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, which includes Cleveland. Like the Sanders phenomenon, neither of these were expected results until very recently.</p> <p>What linked Alvarez and McGinty was their connections to notorious recent police murders: Alvarez waited 400 days to file charges against the officer who killed 17 year old Lacquan McDonald, and McGinty failed to indict the officers involved in the death of 12 year old Tamir Rice. Both of their losses are being seen, [correctly](https://www.facebook.com/malaya90/posts/10206961940499797), as wins for Black Lives Matter and related movements that have agitated and organized against state violence against people of color. </p> <p>Chicago, in particular, is instructive, and really needs a detailed case study far beyond what I can offer here. To use the workerist terms, the class composition in Chicago is far more advanced than what's found almost anywhere else in the country. From afar, it's difficult to even untangle all the various strands. But they range from black feminist formations like [Assata's Daughters](http://www.assatasdaughters.org/) (who were central to the anti-Alvarez campaign) to the Chicago Teachers Union, whose successful [strike](http://www.versobooks.com/books/1569-strike-for-america) in 2012 made them a powerful institutional force for the broader Chicago left.</p> <p>Even in Chicago, the left hasn't yet won its big prize, the removal of mayor Rahm Emanuel. But that may be yet to come, as the working class there gains power and coherence. And that should be a source of reassurance for Sanders supporters as well, giving confidence that his campaign isn't the end, but only one step in a much longer process.</p> </div> </div>  <div class="post" id="post-6790"> <h2><a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/2016/03/bougies-to-proles-drop-dead/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to Bougies to Proles: Drop Dead">Bougies to Proles: Drop Dead</a></h2> <p class="small"> March 16th, 2016  |   Published in <a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/category/anti-star-trek/" rel="category tag">anti-Star Trek</a>, <a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/category/politics/political-economy/" rel="category tag">Political Economy</a>, <a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/category/politics/" rel="category tag">Politics</a>, <a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/category/shameless-self-promotion/" rel="category tag">Shameless self-promotion</a>, <a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/category/politics/socialism/" rel="category tag">Socialism</a> </p> <div class="entry"> <p>So it seems that a Trump-related mania has led some of the leading lights of the American right to take off the gloves and reveal that it isn't just non-white working class people they hate, it's all of you dirty proles. [Kevin Williamson](https://www.nationalreview.com/nrd/articles/432569/father-f-hrer):</p> <p>> The truth about these dysfunctional, downscale communities is that they deserve to die. Economically, they are negative assets. Morally, they are indefensible. Forget all your cheap theatrical Bruce Springsteen crap. Forget your sanctimony about struggling Rust Belt factory towns and your conspiracy theories about the wily Orientals stealing our jobs. Forget your goddamned gypsum, and, if he has a problem with that, forget Ed Burke, too. The white American underclass is in thrall to a vicious, selfish culture whose main products are misery and used heroin needles. Donald Trump’s speeches make them feel good. So does OxyContin. What they need isn’t analgesics, literal or political. They need real opportunity, which means that they need real change, which means that they need U-Haul.</p> <p>The proximate cause may be Trump, but there are deeper forces at work. What seems to be dawning on the right wing of our ruling class is that the people who they long ago made economically superfluous may now be politically inconvenient as well. And in that case, what good are they? A few years back, I [put it](https://www.jacobinmag.com/2011/12/four-futures/) like this:</p> <p>> The great danger posed by the automation of production, in the context of a world of hierarchy and scarce resources, is that it makes the great mass of people superfluous from the standpoint of the ruling elite. This is in contrast to capitalism, where the antagonism between capital and labor was characterized by both a clash of interests and a relationship of mutual dependence: the workers depend on capitalists as long as they don’t control the means of production themselves, while the capitalists need workers to run their factories and shops. It is as the lyrics of “Solidarity Forever” had it: “They have taken untold millions that they never toiled to earn/But without our brain and muscle not a single wheel can turn.” With the rise of the robots, the second line ceases to hold.</p> <p>For a newer rendition of that argument, in more terrifying detail, you can order [my book](http://www.amazon.com/Four-Futures-after-Capitalism-Jacobin/dp/1781688133), which I will now commence shilling with tedious regularity.</p> </div> </div>  <div class="navigation"> <div class="alignleft"></div> <div class="alignright"></div> </div> </div>  </div>  <div class="column span-3 last" id="sidebar"> <ul> <li id="nav_menu-5" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widgettitle">RSS Feeds</h2> <div class="menu-blog-rss-container"><ul id="menu-blog-rss" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-857" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-857"><a href="http://www.peterfrase.com/feed/">Posts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-858" 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Not the kind of socialists who try to sell you newspapers.">Democratic Socialists of America</a></li> <li><a href="http://freecity.commons.gc.cuny.edu/" rel="friend co-worker colleague">Free City (Lee Hachadoorian)</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.jacobinmag.com" title="What all the cool kids are reading these days">Jacobin Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="http://karengregory.tumblr.com/" rel="acquaintance colleague">Karen Gregory (@claudiakincaid)</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.lisdatacenter.org/" title="Cross-national income, wealth, and labor market data">LIS Data Center</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.popmatters.com/pm/blogs/marginal-utility/" rel="contact" title="Rob Horning">Marginal Utility (@marginalutility)</a></li> <li><a href="http://rortybomb.wordpress.com" rel="acquaintance met" title="Mike Konczal, Roosevelt Institute">Mike Konczal (@rortybomb)</a></li> <li><a href="http://orgtheory.wordpress.com" title="Organization theory blogging">OrgTheory</a></li> <li><a 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