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href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8C_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="লক্ষ্ণৌ চুক্তি – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="লক্ষ্ণৌ চুক্তি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laknau_Pakt%C4%B1" title="Laknau Paktı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Laknau Paktı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8C_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="লখনৌ চুক্তি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লখনৌ চুক্তি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknow-Pakt" title="Lucknow-Pakt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lucknow-Pakt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacte_de_Lucknow" title="Pacte de Lucknow – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pacte de Lucknow" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8A_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%9D%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="लखनऊ समझौता – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लखनऊ समझौता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakta_Lucknow" title="Pakta Lucknow – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pakta Lucknow" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%97_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BF" title="ലഖ്നൗ സന്ധി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലഖ്നൗ സന്ധി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8C_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="लखनौ करार – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लखनौ करार" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%8A_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9F" title="ਲਖਨਊ ਪੈਕਟ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲਖਨਊ ਪੈਕਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%82_%D9%84%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%86%D8%A4" title="میثاق لکھنؤ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="میثاق لکھنؤ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknow_pact" title="Lucknow pact – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Lucknow pact" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknow_Pact" title="Lucknow Pact – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lucknow Pact" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%82_%D9%84%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%86%D8%A4" title="میثاق لکھنؤ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="میثاق لکھنؤ" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1916 Indian Hindu-Muslim agreement</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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.mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Lucknow_Pact" title="Special:EditPage/Lucknow Pact">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Lucknow+Pact%22">"Lucknow Pact"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Lucknow+Pact%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Lucknow+Pact%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Lucknow+Pact%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Lucknow+Pact%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Lucknow+Pact%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Lucknow Pact</b> was an agreement reached between the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a> and the <a href="/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League" title="All-India Muslim League">Muslim League</a> (AIML) at a joint session of both the parties held in <a href="/wiki/Lucknow" title="Lucknow">Lucknow</a> in December 1916 . Through the pact, the two parties agreed to allow representation to religious minorities in the provincial legislatures. The Muslim League leaders agreed to join the Congress movement demanding Indian autonomy. Scholars cite this as an example of a <a href="/wiki/Consociational" class="mw-redirect" title="Consociational">consociational</a> practice in Indian politics. <a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Bal Gangadhar Tilak</a> represented the Congress while framing the deal, and <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Muhammad Ali Jinnah</a> (who joined the Muslim League in 1913) participated in this event.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilkinson_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilkinson-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucknow_Pact&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The British had announced under immense pressure from Indian masses, in order to satisfy the Indians, that they will be considering a series of proposal that would lead to at least half of the members of the Executive Council being elected and the Legislative Council having a majority of elected members needed. Both the Congress and the Muslim League supported these. Both had realized that for further concessions to be gained, greater cooperation was required.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> The Congress agreed to separate <a href="/wiki/Separate_electorate_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Separate electorate system">electorates</a> for Muslims in electing representatives to the Imperial and Provincial Legislative Councils. Although the Muslims were given this right in the Indian Council Act of 1909, the Indian National Congress opposed it. The Congress also agreed to the idea of one-third seats for the Muslims in the Councils despite the fact that the Muslim population represented less than a third. Apart from that, the Congress agreed that no act affecting a community should be passed unless three-quarters of that community's members on the council supported it. After the signing of this pact the rivalry between moderates and extremists was reduced to some extent. There was a significant change in their relation.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demands_presented_to_the_British">Demands presented to the British</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucknow_Pact&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Demands presented to the British"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both parties presented some common demands to the British. They demanded: </p> <ul><li>The number of elected seats on the councils should be increased.</li> <li>Laws/Motions which were passed by large majorities in the councils should be accepted as bindings by the British Government.</li> <li>Minorities in the provinces should be protected.</li> <li>All provinces should be granted autonomy.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Separating the executive from the judiciary</li> <li>At least half of the members of the Executive Council being elected, the Legislative council having a majority of elected members<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Importance">Importance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucknow_Pact&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Importance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Lucknow Pact was seen as a beacon of hope to <a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Muslim_unity" title="Hindu–Muslim unity">Hindu–Muslim unity</a>. It was the first time that the Hindus and Muslims had made a joint demand for political reform to the British. It led to a growing belief in British India that Home Rule (self-government) was a real possibility. The pact also marked the high-water mark of Hindu-Muslim unity. It established cordial relations between the Muslim League and the Indian National Congress. Before the pact, both parties were viewed as rivals who opposed each other and worked in their own interests. However, the pact brought a change in that view. </p><p>The Congress also accepted Muslim demands such as weightage in elections and separate electorates. they earlier had rejected this concession given to Muslims in the Morley Minto reforms. This also highlighted that Congress accepted Muslim league status and that it was a separate party working for the interests of Muslims. It also meant that the Hindus and Congress accepted that Hindus and Muslims are separate communities with different demands and interests. </p><p>The Lucknow Pact also helped in establishing cordial relations between the two prominent groups within the Indian National Congress – the '<a href="/wiki/Garam_dal" title="Garam dal">extremist</a>' faction led by the <a href="/wiki/Lal_Bal_Pal" title="Lal Bal Pal">Lal Bal Pal</a> trio (<a href="/wiki/Lala_Lajpat_Rai" title="Lala Lajpat Rai">Lala Lajpat Rai</a>, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and <a href="/wiki/Bipin_Chandra_Pal" title="Bipin Chandra Pal">Bipin Chandra Pal</a>), and the '<a href="/wiki/Naram_dal" class="mw-redirect" title="Naram dal">moderate</a>' faction led by <a href="/wiki/Gopal_Krishna_Gokhale" title="Gopal Krishna Gokhale">Gopal Krishna Gokhale</a> until his death in 1915 and later represented by Gandhi.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though Jinnah advocated a separate nation for the Muslims 20 years later, in 1916 he was a member of both Congress and Muslim League, was an associate of Tilak, and hailed as 'ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity’.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucknow_Pact&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poona_Pact" title="Poona Pact">Poona Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reservation_in_India" title="Reservation in India">Reservation in India</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucknow_Pact&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Wilkinson-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wilkinson_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson,_India,_Consociational_Theory_and_Ethnic_Violence2000" class="citation cs2">Wilkinson, Steven Ian (September–October 2000), "India, Consociational Theory, and Ethnic Violence", <i>Asian Survey</i>, <b>40</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">767–</span>791, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3021176">10.2307/3021176</a>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3021176">3021176</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=India%2C+Consociational+Theory%2C+and+Ethnic+Violence&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E767-%3C%2Fspan%3E791&rft.date=2000-09%2F2000-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3021176&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3021176%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Steven+Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucknow+Pact" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSinha2015" class="citation web cs1">Sinha, Arunav (December 29, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Historic-Lucknow-Pact-enters-100th-year/articleshow/50360098.cms">"Historic Lucknow Pact enters 100th year | Lucknow News - Times of India"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Historic+Lucknow+Pact+enters+100th+year+%7C+Lucknow+News+-+Times+of+India&rft.date=2015-12-29&rft.aulast=Sinha&rft.aufirst=Arunav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Flucknow%2FHistoric-Lucknow-Pact-enters-100th-year%2Farticleshow%2F50360098.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucknow+Pact" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKelly2014" class="citation book cs1">Kelly, Nigel (2014). <i>The History and Culture of Pakistan</i>. Peak Publishing. p. 61.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+and+Culture+of+Pakistan&rft.pages=61&rft.pub=Peak+Publishing&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALucknow+Pact" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The History and Culture of Pakistan by Nigel Kelly page 61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-current-affairs/story/gopal-krishna-gokhale-309510-2016-02-19">Remembering Gopal Krishna Gokhale</a>, India Today, 19 February 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Historic-Lucknow-Pact-enters-100th-year/articleshow/50360098.cms">Historic Lucknow Pact enters 100th year</a>, The Times of India, 29 December 2015.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Muhammad Ali Jinnah"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah541" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Muhammad Ali Jinnah</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Movement" title="Pakistan Movement">Pakistan Movement</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fourteen_Points_of_Jinnah" title="Fourteen Points of Jinnah">Fourteen Points of Jinnah</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucknow Pact</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah%27s_11th_August_Speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah's 11th August Speech">11th August Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_nation_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Two nation theory">Two nation theory</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Quaidportrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/14/Quaidportrait.jpg/80px-Quaidportrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/14/Quaidportrait.jpg/120px-Quaidportrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/14/Quaidportrait.jpg/160px-Quaidportrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_family" title="Jinnah family">Family</a> and personal life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_Jinnah" title="Fatima Jinnah">Fatima Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_family#Second_generation" title="Jinnah family">Shireen Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emibai_Jinnah" title="Emibai Jinnah">Emibai Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rattanbai_Jinnah" title="Rattanbai Jinnah">Maryam Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dina_Wadia" title="Dina Wadia">Dina Wadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wazir_Mansion" title="Wazir Mansion">Wazir Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Mansion" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinnah Mansion">South Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Residency" title="Quaid-e-Azam Residency">Quaid-e-Azam Residency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="List of things named after Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Memorials</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aiwan-e-Nawadrat-e-Quaid-i-Azam" title="Aiwan-e-Nawadrat-e-Quaid-i-Azam">Aiwan-e-Nawadrat-e-Quaid-i-Azam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagh-e-Jinnah,_Karachi" title="Bagh-e-Jinnah, Karachi">Bagh-e-Jinnah, Karachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagh-e-Jinnah,_Lahore" title="Bagh-e-Jinnah, Lahore">Bagh-e-Jinnah, Lahore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnah_Caddesi" title="Cinnah Caddesi">Cinnah Caddesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Jenah_Expressway" title="Mohammad Ali Jenah Expressway">Mohammad Ali Jenah Expressway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor%27s_House,_Karachi" title="Governor's House, Karachi">Governor's House, Karachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Antarctic_Station" title="Jinnah Antarctic Station">Jinnah Antarctic Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Barrage" title="Jinnah Barrage">Jinnah Barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Bridge" title="Jinnah Bridge">Jinnah Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_College_for_Women" title="Jinnah College for Women">Jinnah College for Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Convention_Centre" title="Jinnah Convention Centre">Jinnah Convention Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Hospital,_Kabul" title="Jinnah Hospital, Kabul">Jinnah Hospital, Kabul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Hospital,_Lahore" title="Jinnah Hospital, Lahore">Jinnah Hospital, Lahore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_International_Airport" title="Jinnah International Airport">Jinnah International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Mansion" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinnah Mansion">Jinnah Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Medical_and_Dental_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinnah Medical and Dental College">Jinnah Medical and Dental College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Memorial_Mosque" title="Jinnah Memorial Mosque">Jinnah Memorial Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Naval_Base" title="Jinnah Naval Base">Jinnah Naval Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Park" title="Jinnah Park">Jinnah Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Jinnah Polytechnic Institute">Jinnah Polytechnic Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Postgraduate_Medical_Centre" title="Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre">Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Sindh_Medical_University" title="Jinnah Sindh Medical University">Jinnah Sindh Medical University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Sports_Stadium" title="Jinnah Sports Stadium">Jinnah Sports Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Stadium,_Gujranwala" title="Jinnah Stadium, Gujranwala">Jinnah Stadium, Gujranwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Stadium,_Sialkot" title="Jinnah Stadium, Sialkot">Jinnah Stadium, Sialkot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Tower" title="Jinnah Tower">Jinnah Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_University_for_Women" title="Jinnah University for Women">Jinnah University for Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah-class_frigate" title="Jinnah-class frigate">Jinnah-class frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah%27s_People%27s_Memorial_Hall" title="Jinnah's People's Memorial Hall">Jinnah's People's Memorial Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazar-e-Quaid" title="Mazar-e-Quaid">Mazar-e-Quaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Jinnah_University" title="Mohammad Ali Jinnah University">Mohammad Ali Jinnah University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah_Road" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah Road">Muhammad Ali Jinnah Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Muslim_League_(Jinnah)" title="Pakistan Muslim League (Jinnah)">Pakistan Muslim League (J)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_College_of_Engineering_and_Technology,_Sahiwal" title="Quaid-e-Azam College of Engineering and Technology, Sahiwal">Quaid-e-Azam College of Engineering and Technology, Sahiwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_House" title="Quaid-e-Azam House">Quaid-e-Azam House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Inter_Provincial_Youth_Games" title="Quaid-e-Azam Inter Provincial Youth Games">Quaid-e-Azam Inter Provincial Youth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_International_Cup" title="Quaid-e-Azam International Cup">Quaid-e-Azam International Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_International_Hospital" title="Quaid-e-Azam International Hospital">Quaid-e-Azam International Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Law_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaid-e-Azam Law College">Quaid-e-Azam Law College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Law_College_Nawabshah" title="Quaid-e-Azam Law College Nawabshah">Quaid-e-Azam Law College Nawabshah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Library" title="Quaid-e-Azam Library">Quaid-e-Azam Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Medical_College" title="Quaid-e-Azam Medical College">Quaid-e-Azam Medical College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Police_Medal" title="Quaid-e-Azam Police Medal">Quaid-e-Azam Police Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Public_School" title="Quaid-e-Azam Public School">Quaid-e-Azam Public School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Residency" title="Quaid-e-Azam Residency">Quaid-e-Azam Residency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Solar_Park" title="Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park">Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Stadium" title="Quaid-e-Azam Stadium">Quaid-e-Azam Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Tourist_Lodge" title="Quaid-e-Azam Tourist Lodge">Quaid-e-Azam Tourist Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Trophy" title="Quaid-e-Azam Trophy">Quaid-e-Azam Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-i-Azam_University" title="Quaid-i-Azam University">Quaid-i-Azam University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamgha-e-Quaid-e-Azam" title="Tamgha-e-Quaid-e-Azam">Tamgha-e-Quaid-e-Azam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucus_Case" title="Caucus Case">Caucus Case</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/My_Brother_(book)" title="My Brother (book)">My Brother</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagh-e-Jinnah_(Lahore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagh-e-Jinnah (Lahore)">Bagh-e-Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_(film)" title="Jinnah (film)"><i>Jinnah</i> (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnah_Caddesi" title="Cinnah Caddesi">Cinnah Caddesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazar-e-Quaid" title="Mazar-e-Quaid">Mazar-e-Quaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Jenah_Expressway" title="Mohammad Ali Jenah Expressway">Mohammad Ali Jenah Expressway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_House" title="Quaid-e-Azam House">Quaid-i-Azam House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Madressatul_Islam_University" title="Sindh Madressatul Islam University">Sindh Madressatul Islam University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-i-Azam_Academy" title="Quaid-i-Azam Academy">Quaid-i-Azam Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah%27s_People%27s_Memorial_Hall" title="Jinnah's People's Memorial Hall">Jinnah's People's Memorial Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakul_(hat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Karakul (hat)">Jinnah Cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_Governor_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindh Governor House">Governor General House</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jinnah:_India,_Partition,_Independence" title="Jinnah: India, Partition, Independence">Jinnah: India, Partition, Independence</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_properties_of_Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="List of properties of Muhammad Ali Jinnah">List of properties of Muhammad Ali Jinnah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="Category:Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Commons</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikiquote page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Wikiquotes</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pakistan_Movement402" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pakistan_Movement" title="Template:Pakistan Movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pakistan_Movement" title="Template talk:Pakistan Movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pakistan_Movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pakistan Movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pakistan_Movement402" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Movement" title="Pakistan Movement">Pakistan Movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pakistan" title="History of Pakistan">History of Pakistan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Pakistani_history_(1947%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Pakistani history (1947–present)">timeline: 1947–present)</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pakistan" title="History of Pakistan">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_India_Company" title="East India Company">East India Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Indian Rebellion of 1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deobandi" class="mw-redirect" title="Deobandi">Deobandi Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barelvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Barelvi">Barelvi Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aligarh_Movement" title="Aligarh Movement">Aligarh Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urdu_movement" title="Urdu movement">Urdu movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Bengal_(1905)" title="Partition of Bengal (1905)">Partition of Bengal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucknow Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khilafat_Movement" title="Khilafat Movement">Khilafat Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuddhi_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Shuddhi movement">Shuddhi movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehru_Report" title="Nehru Report">Nehru Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteen_Points_of_Jinnah" title="Fourteen Points of Jinnah">Fourteen Points of Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allahabad_Address" title="Allahabad Address">Allahabad Address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Declaration" title="Pakistan Declaration">Now or Never pamphlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_nation_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Two nation theory">Two nation theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_Table_Conferences_(India)" title="Round Table Conferences (India)">Round Table Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Resolution" title="Lahore Resolution">Lahore Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Action_Day" title="Direct Action Day">Direct Action Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_nationalism_in_South_Asia" title="Muslim nationalism in South Asia">Muslim nationalism in South Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Cabinet_Mission_to_India" title="1946 Cabinet Mission to India">Cabinet Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Independence_Act_1947" title="Indian Independence Act 1947">Indian Independence Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_Line" title="Radcliffe Line">Radcliffe Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durand_Line" title="Durand Line">Durand Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectives_Resolution" title="Objectives Resolution">Objectives Resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Pakistan)" title="Independence Day (Pakistan)">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani monarchy">Pakistani monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Day_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic Day (Pakistan)">Republic Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Pakistan" title="National symbols of Pakistan">National symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Pakistan" title="Constitution of Pakistan">Constitution of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_heritage_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="British heritage of Pakistan">British heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_progressivism_within_Islam" title="Liberalism and progressivism within Islam">Protestant Islam</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Muslim_League_leaders_after_a_dinner_party,_1940_(Photo_429-6).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The leaders of the Muslim League, 1940. Jinnah is seated at centre."><img alt="The leaders of the Muslim League, 1940. Jinnah is seated at centre." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Muslim_League_leaders_after_a_dinner_party%2C_1940_%28Photo_429-6%29.jpg/70px-Muslim_League_leaders_after_a_dinner_party%2C_1940_%28Photo_429-6%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Muslim_League_leaders_after_a_dinner_party%2C_1940_%28Photo_429-6%29.jpg/105px-Muslim_League_leaders_after_a_dinner_party%2C_1940_%28Photo_429-6%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Muslim_League_leaders_after_a_dinner_party%2C_1940_%28Photo_429-6%29.jpg/140px-Muslim_League_leaders_after_a_dinner_party%2C_1940_%28Photo_429-6%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="481" /></a><figcaption>The leaders of the Muslim League, 1940. Jinnah is seated at centre.</figcaption></figure><br /><figure class="mw-halign-right mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Pakistan"><img alt="Flag of Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/70px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/105px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/140px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Flag of Pakistan</figcaption></figure><br /><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="State emblem of Pakistan"><img alt="State emblem of Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/70px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/105px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg/140px-State_emblem_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="587" /></a><figcaption>State emblem of Pakistan</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Muslim_League" class="mw-redirect" title="All India Muslim League">Muslim League</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Punjab_Muslim_League" title="Punjab Muslim League">Punjab Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_Provincial_Muslim_League" title="Bengal Provincial Muslim League">Bengal Branch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionist_Muslim_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Unionist Muslim League">Unionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Muslim_Students_Federation" title="All India Muslim Students Federation">Student Federations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaksars" class="mw-redirect" title="Khaksars">Khaksars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan_Renaissance_Society" title="East Pakistan Renaissance Society">Renaissance Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_philosophy" title="Pakistani philosophy">Philosophical Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Pakistan" title="List of newspapers in Pakistan">Print media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawn_(newspaper)" title="Dawn (newspaper)"><i>Dawn</i> </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_Jang" title="Daily Jang">Daily <i>Jang</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawaiwaqt" class="mw-redirect" title="Nawaiwaqt"><i>Nawa-i-Waqt</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamindar_(newspaper)" title="Zamindar (newspaper)"><i>Contractor</i> </a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Leaders_of_the_Pakistan_Movement" title="Category:Leaders of the Pakistan Movement">Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sir <a href="/wiki/Syed_Ahmad_Khan" title="Syed Ahmad Khan">Syed Ahmad Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aga_Khan_III" title="Aga Khan III">Aga Khan III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khwaja_Salimullah" title="Khwaja Salimullah">Khwaja Salimullah</a> (Nawab Salimullah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Ameer_Ali" title="Syed Ameer Ali">Syed Ameer Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Jauhar" title="Mohammad Ali Jauhar">Mohammad Ali Jauhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaukat_Ali_(freedom_fighter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaukat Ali (freedom fighter)">Maulana Shaukat Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakim_Ajmal_Khan" title="Hakim Ajmal Khan">Hakim Ajmal Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Iqbal" title="Muhammad Iqbal">Muhammad Iqbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah">Muhammad Ali Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_Jinnah" title="Fatima Jinnah">Fatima Jinnah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaquat_Ali_Khan" title="Liaquat Ali Khan">Liaquat Ali Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadeq_Mohammad_Khan_V" title="Sadeq Mohammad Khan V">Sadeq Mohammad Khan V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mian_Muhammad_Shafi" title="Mian Muhammad Shafi">Mian Muhammad Shafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mian_Abdul_Rashid" title="Mian Abdul Rashid">Mian Abdul Rashid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waqar-ul-Mulk" title="Waqar-ul-Mulk">Nawab Waqar-ul-Mulk Kamboh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohsin-ul-Mulk" title="Mohsin-ul-Mulk">Mohsin-ul-Mulk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahadur_Yar_Jung" title="Bahadur Yar Jung">Bahadur Yar Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Haq_(Urdu_scholar)" title="Abdul Haq (Urdu scholar)">Baba-e-Urdu Maulvi Abdul Haq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Qayyum_Khan" title="Abdul Qayyum Khan">Abdul Qayyum Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdur_Rab_Nishtar" title="Abdur Rab Nishtar">Abdur Rab Nishtar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaudhry_Khaliquzzaman" title="Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman">Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choudhary_Rahmat_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Choudhary Rahmat Ali">Choudhary Rahmat Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Fazlul_Huq" title="A. K. Fazlul Huq">A. K. Fazlul Huq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaat_Ali_Shah" title="Jamaat Ali Shah">Jamaat Ali Shah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._M._Syed" title="G. M. Syed">G. M. Syed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghazanfar_Ali_Khan" title="Ghazanfar Ali Khan">Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jafar_Khan_Jamali" class="mw-redirect" title="Jafar Khan Jamali">Jafar Khan Jamali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghulam_Bhik_Nairang" title="Ghulam Bhik Nairang">Ghulam Bhik Nairang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasrat_Mohani" title="Hasrat Mohani">Hasrat Mohani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_Mohammad_Ismail_Khan" title="Nawab Mohammad Ismail Khan">Nawab Mohammad Ismail Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huseyn_Shaheed_Suhrawardy" title="Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy">Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jogendra_Nath_Mandal" title="Jogendra Nath Mandal">Jogendra Nath Mandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._H._Khurshid" class="mw-redirect" title="K. H. Khurshid">K. H. Khurshid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khawaja_Nazimuddin" title="Khawaja Nazimuddin">Khawaja Nazimuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Husain" title="Mahmud Husain">Mahmud Husain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Amir_Ahmed_Khan" title="Mohammad Amir Ahmed Khan">Mohammad Amir Ahmed Khan</a> (Raja Saheb of Mahmudabad)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Zafarullah_Khan" title="Muhammad Zafarullah Khan">Muhammad Zafarullah Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qazi_Mohammad_Isa" class="mw-redirect" title="Qazi Mohammad Isa">Qazi Mohammad Isa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%27ana_Liaquat_Ali_Khan" title="Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan">Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashraf_Ali_Thanwi" title="Ashraf Ali Thanwi">Ashraf Ali Thanwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabbir_Ahmad_Usmani" title="Shabbir Ahmad Usmani">Shabbir Ahmad Usmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafar_Ali_Khan" title="Zafar Ali Khan">Zafar Ali Khan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Leaders_of_the_Pakistan_Movement" title="Category:Leaders of the Pakistan Movement">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Pakistan_Movement_activists" title="Category:Pakistan Movement activists">Activists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamid_Nizami" title="Hamid Nizami">Hamid Nizami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Haroon" title="Abdullah Haroon">Abdullah Haroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_Haroon" title="Yusuf Haroon">Yusuf Haroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Haroon" title="Mahmoud Haroon">Mahmoud Haroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altaf_Husain" title="Altaf Husain">Altaf Husain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adamjee_Haji_Dawood" title="Adamjee Haji Dawood">Adamjee Haji Dawood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Shafi_Deobandi" title="Muhammad Shafi Deobandi">Muhammad Shafi Deobandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafar_Ahmad_Usmani" title="Zafar Ahmad Usmani">Zafar Ahmad Usmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Ali_Lahori" title="Ahmed Ali Lahori">Ahmed Ali Lahori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malik_Barkat_Ali" title="Malik Barkat Ali">Malik Barkat Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aslam_Khattak" title="Aslam Khattak">Aslam Khattak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_Khattak" title="Yusuf Khattak">Yusuf Khattak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mian_Iftikharuddin" title="Mian Iftikharuddin">Mian Iftikharuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahnawaz_Khan_Mamdot" title="Shahnawaz Khan Mamdot">Shahnawaz Khan Mamdot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iftikhar_Hussain_Khan_Mamdot" title="Iftikhar Hussain Khan Mamdot">Iftikhar Hussain Khan Mamdot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikandar_Hayat_Khan" title="Sikandar Hayat Khan">Sikandar Hayat Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaukat_Hayat_Khan" title="Shaukat Hayat Khan">Shaukat Hayat Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Asad" title="Muhammad Asad">Muhammad Asad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziauddin_Ahmad" title="Ziauddin Ahmad">Ziauddin Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_Ahmad_Haleem" title="Abu Bakr Ahmad Haleem">Abu Bakr Ahmad Haleem</a></li> <li>Maulana <a href="/wiki/Ghulam_Rasool_Mehr" title="Ghulam Rasool Mehr">Ghulam Rasool Mehr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakim_Said" class="mw-redirect" title="Hakim Said">Hakeem Mohammad Saeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaudhry_Ghulam_Abbas" title="Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas">Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Abdul_Qayyum_Khan" title="Muhammad Abdul Qayyum Khan">Muhammad Abdul Qayyum Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardar_Ibrahim_Khan" title="Sardar Ibrahim Khan">Sardar Ibrahim Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fida_Mohammad_Khan" title="Fida Mohammad Khan">Fida Mohammad Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Qadir_(Muslim_leader)" title="Abdul Qadir (Muslim leader)">Sheikh Sir Abdul Qadir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._M._Sharif" title="M. M. Sharif">M. M. Sharif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahibzada_Abdul_Qayyum" title="Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum">Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalaludin_Abdur_Rahim" title="Jalaludin Abdur Rahim">Jalaludin Abdur Rahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z._A._Suleri" title="Z. A. Suleri">Z. A. Suleri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Allana" title="G. Allana">G. Allana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishtiaq_Hussain_Qureshi" title="Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi">Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalal_Baba" title="Jalal Baba">Jalal Baba</a> of NWFP</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Abdul_Ghafoor_Hazarvi" title="Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi">Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Karam_Shah_al-Azhari" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari">Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amin_ul-Hasanat" title="Amin ul-Hasanat">Amin ul-Hasanat</a> (Pir of Manki Sharif)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Wajid_Ali" title="Syed Wajid Ali">Syed Wajid Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafeez_Jalandhari" title="Hafeez Jalandhari">Hafeez Jalandhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahanara_Shahnawaz" title="Jahanara Shahnawaz">Jahanara Shahnawaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Abdullah_Haroon" title="Lady Abdullah Haroon">Lady Abdullah Haroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ismail_Zabeeh" title="Muhammad Ismail Zabeeh">Muhammad Ismail Zabeeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_Begum_(politician)" title="Fatima Begum (politician)">Fatima Begum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naseer_Ahmad_Malhi" title="Naseer Ahmad Malhi">Naseer Ahmad Malhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Saeed_Nagi" title="Ahmed Saeed Nagi">Ahmed Saeed Nagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niaz_Ali_Khan_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Niaz Ali Khan (politician)">Niaz Ali Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Habibullah_Khan_Saadi" title="Amir Habibullah Khan Saadi">Amir Habibullah Khan Saadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_Rahimtoola" title="Habib Rahimtoola">Habib Rahimtoola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharif_al_Mujahid" title="Sharif al Mujahid">Sharif al Mujahid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_Sughra_Begum" title="Fatima Sughra Begum">Fatima Sughra Begum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Sattar_Khan_Niazi" title="Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi">Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viqar-un-Nisa_Noon" title="Viqar-un-Nisa Noon">Viqar-un-Nisa Noon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Abdullah_Khan_Rokhri" title="Amir Abdullah Khan Rokhri">Amir Abdullah Khan Rokhri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Qadri_Badayuni" title="Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni">Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardar_Aurang_Zeb_Khan" title="Sardar Aurang Zeb Khan">Sardar Aurang Zeb Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Ropari" title="Abdullah Ropari">Abdullah Ropari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ibrahim_Mir_Sialkoti" title="Muhammad Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti">Muhammad Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Pakistan_Movement_activists" title="Category:Pakistan Movement activists">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Books_about_Pakistan" title="Category:Books about Pakistan">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idea_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Idea of Pakistan"><i>Idea of Pakistan</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah:_India,_Partition,_Independence" title="Jinnah: India, Partition, Independence"><i>Jinnah: India, Partition, Independence</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notes_on_Afghanistan_and_Baluchistan" title="Notes on Afghanistan and Baluchistan"><i>Notes on Afghanistan and Baluchistan</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan:_A_Personal_History" title="Pakistan: A Personal History"><i>Pakistan: A Personal History</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto"><i>The Myth of Independence</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatol_Lieven" title="Anatol Lieven"><i>Pakistan: A Hard Country</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Now_or_Never;_Are_We_to_Live_or_Perish_Forever%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever?"><i>Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever?</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Ahmad_Khan" title="Syed Ahmad Khan"><i>Causes of Indian Mutiny of 1857</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Pakistan" title="National symbols of Pakistan">Architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minar-e-Pakistan" title="Minar-e-Pakistan">Minar-e-Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab-e-Pakistan" title="Bab-e-Pakistan">Bab-e-Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Monument" title="Pakistan Monument">Pakistan Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazar-e-Quaid" title="Mazar-e-Quaid">Mazar-e-Quaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziarat_Residency" class="mw-redirect" title="Ziarat Residency">Ziarat Residency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Muhammad_Iqbal" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of Muhammad Iqbal">Iqbal's Tom'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wazir_Mansion" title="Wazir Mansion">Wazir Mansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Pakistan" title="National Library of Pakistan">National Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaliq_Deena_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Khaliq Deena Hall">Deena Public Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab-e-Khyber" title="Bab-e-Khyber">Bab-e-Khyber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Terminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinnah Terminal">Jinnah Terminal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Pakistan" title="Public holidays in Pakistan">In Memory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Day" title="Pakistan Day"><i>Youm-e-Pakistan</i> <small>(<b>23 March</b>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Day_(Pakistan)" title="Constitution Day (Pakistan)"><i>Youm-e-Dastur</i> <small>(<b>10 April</b>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youm-e-Takbir" title="Youm-e-Takbir"><i>Youm-e-Takbir</i> <small>(<b>28 May</b>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Pakistan)" title="Independence Day (Pakistan)"><i>Youm-e-Azadi</i> <small>(<b>14 August</b>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Day" title="Defence Day"><i>Youm-e-Difah</i> <small>(<b>6 September</b>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Kashmir_Day" title="Azad Kashmir Day"><i>Youm-e-Tasees</i> <small>(<b>24 October</b>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iqbal_Day" title="Iqbal Day"><i>Youm-e-Iqbal</i> <small>(<b>9 November</b>)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bara_Din" class="mw-redirect" title="Bara Din"><i>Youm-e-Viladat</i> <small>(<b>25 December</b>)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lucknow_division_topics214" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lucknow_division_topics" title="Template:Lucknow division topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lucknow_division_topics" title="Template talk:Lucknow division topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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Imambara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chota_Imambara" title="Chota Imambara">Chota Imambara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_Zoo" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucknow Zoo">Lucknow Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pioneer_(India)" title="The Pioneer (India)"><i>The Pioneer</i> (newspaper)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Lucknow" title="Siege of Lucknow">Siege of Lucknow</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lucknow Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawab_of_Awadh" title="Nawab of Awadh">Nawab of Awadh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khilafat_Movement" title="Khilafat Movement">Khilafat Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakori_conspiracy" title="Kakori conspiracy">Kakori conspiracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardoi_district" title="Hardoi district">Hardoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhimpur_Kheri_district" title="Lakhimpur Kheri district">Lakhimpur Kheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_district" title="Lucknow district">Lucknow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raebareli_district" title="Raebareli district">Raebareli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitapur_district" title="Sitapur district">Sitapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unnao_district" title="Unnao district">Unnao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers, dams, lakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaghara" title="Ghaghara">Ghaghara</a> (Sarayu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomti_River" title="Gomti River">Gomti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Languages, people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awadhi_language" title="Awadhi language">Awadhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustani_language" title="Hindustani language">Hindustani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Hindi" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Hindi">Standard Hindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_24B_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Highway 24B (India)">NH 24B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_25_(India)(old_numbering)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Highway 25 (India)(old numbering)">NH 25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_25A_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Highway 25A (India)">NH 25A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_56_(India)(old_numbering)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Highway 56 (India)(old numbering)">NH 56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_56A_(India,_old_numbering)" title="National Highway 56A (India, old numbering)">NH 56A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_56B_(India,_old_numbering)" title="National Highway 56B (India, old numbering)">NH 56B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_Charbagh_railway_station" title="Lucknow Charbagh railway station">Charbagh railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barabanki%E2%80%93Lucknow_Suburban_Railway" title="Barabanki–Lucknow Suburban Railway">Barabanki–Lucknow Suburban Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow%E2%80%93Kanpur_Suburban_Railway" title="Lucknow–Kanpur Suburban Railway">Lucknow–Kanpur Suburban Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaudhary_Charan_Singh_International_Airport" title="Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport">Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_Metro" title="Lucknow Metro">Lucknow Metro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feroze_Gandhi_Unchahar_Thermal_Power_Station" title="Feroze Gandhi Unchahar Thermal Power Station">Feroze Gandhi Unchahar Thermal Power Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wildlife<br />sanctuaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kukrail_Reserve_Forest" title="Kukrail Reserve Forest">Kukrail Reserve Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudhwa_National_Park" title="Dudhwa National Park">Dudhwa National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudhwa_Tiger_Reserve" title="Dudhwa Tiger Reserve">Dudhwa Tiger Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishanpur_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary">Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katarniaghat_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary">Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawabganj_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary">Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaspur_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Samaspur Bird Sanctuary">Samaspur Bird Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandi_Bird_Sanctuary" title="Sandi Bird Sanctuary">Sandi Bird Sanctuary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lok Sabha<br />constituencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardoi_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hardoi (Lok Sabha constituency)">Hardoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misrikh_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Misrikh (Lok Sabha constituency)">Misrikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kheri_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kheri (Lok Sabha constituency)">Kheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaurahra_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhaurahra (Lok Sabha constituency)">Dhaurahra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucknow_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucknow (Lok Sabha constituency)">Lucknow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rae_Bareli_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rae Bareli (Lok Sabha constituency)">Rae Bareli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitapur_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sitapur (Lok Sabha constituency)">Sitapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohanlalganj_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohanlalganj (Lok Sabha constituency)">Mohanlalganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unnao_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Unnao (Lok Sabha constituency)">Unnao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Hardoi_district" title="Template:Hardoi district">Cities and towns in Hardoi district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Lakhimpur_Kheri_district" title="Template:Lakhimpur Kheri district">Cities and towns in Lakhimpur Kheri district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Lucknow_district" title="Template:Lucknow district">Cities and towns in Lucknow district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Raebareli_district" title="Template:Raebareli district">Cities and towns in Raebareli district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sitapur_district" title="Template:Sitapur district">Cities and towns in Sitapur district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Unnao_district" title="Template:Unnao district">Cities and towns in Unnao district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Villages_in_Hardoi_district" title="Category:Villages in Hardoi district">Villages in Hardoi district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Villages_in_Lakhimpur_Kheri_district" title="Category:Villages in Lakhimpur Kheri district">Villages in Lakhimpur Kheri district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Villages_in_Lucknow_district" title="Category:Villages in Lucknow district">Villages in Lucknow district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Villages_in_Raebareli_district" title="Category:Villages in Raebareli district">Villages in Raebareli district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Villages_in_Unnao_district" title="Category:Villages in Unnao district">Villages in Unnao district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Hardoi" title="Category:People from Hardoi">People from Hardoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Lakhimpur_Kheri" title="Category:People from Lakhimpur Kheri">People from Lakhimpur Kheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Lucknow" title="Category:People from Lucknow">People from Lucknow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Raebareli" title="Category:People from Raebareli">People from Raebareli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Unnao" title="Category:People from Unnao">People from Unnao </a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Agra_division_topics" title="Template:Agra division topics">Agra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Aligarh_division_topics" title="Template:Aligarh division topics">Aligarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Faizabad_division_topics" title="Template:Faizabad division topics">Ayodhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Azamgarh_division_topics" title="Template:Azamgarh division topics">Azamgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Bareilly_division_topics" title="Template:Bareilly division topics">Bareilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Basti_division_topics" title="Template:Basti division topics">Basti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Chitrakoot_division_topics" title="Template:Chitrakoot division topics">Chitrakoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Devipatan_division_topics" title="Template:Devipatan division topics">Devipatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Gorakhpur_division_topics" title="Template:Gorakhpur division topics">Gorakhpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jhansi_division_topics" title="Template:Jhansi division topics">Jhansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kanpur_division_topics" title="Template:Kanpur division topics">Kanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Meerut_division_topics" title="Template:Meerut division topics">Meerut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Mirzapur_Division_topics" title="Template:Mirzapur Division topics">Mirzapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Moradabad_division_topics" title="Template:Moradabad division topics">Moradabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Allahabad_division_topics" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Allahabad division topics">Prayagraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Saharanpur_division_topics" title="Template:Saharanpur division topics">Saharanpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Varanasi_division_topics" title="Template:Varanasi division topics">Varanasi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>16 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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