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<span>Ancestors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancestors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles IV of Spain</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 59 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9" title="كارلوس الرابع – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كارلوس الرابع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_d%27Espanya" title="Carlos IV d'Espanya – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Carlos IV d'Espanya" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_d%27Espa%C3%B1a" title="Carlos IV d'España – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Carlos IV d'España" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV_Karl_(%C4%B0spaniya_kral%C4%B1)" title="IV Karl (İspaniya kralı) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="IV Karl (İspaniya kralı)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A4%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3_(%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7)" title="دؤردونجو کارلوس (ایسپانیا) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دؤردونجو کارلوس (ایسپانیا)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_IV_(%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96)" title="Карл IV (кароль Іспаніі) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Карл IV (кароль Іспаніі)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81_IV" title="Карлос IV – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Карлос IV" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlo_IV,_kralj_%C5%A0panije" title="Karlo IV, kralj Španije – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Karlo IV, kralj Španije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV" title="Carlos IV – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Carlos IV" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carles_IV_d%27Espanya" title="Carles IV d'Espanya – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Carles IV d'Espanya" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_IV._%C5%A0pan%C4%9Blsk%C3%BD" title="Karel IV. Španělský – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Karel IV. Španělský" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siarl_IV,_brenin_Sbaen" title="Siarl IV, brenin Sbaen – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Siarl IV, brenin Sbaen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_4._af_Spanien" title="Karl 4. af Spanien – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Karl 4. af Spanien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_IV._(Spanien)" title="Karl IV. (Spanien) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Karl IV. (Spanien)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%84_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Κάρολος Δ΄ της Ισπανίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κάρολος Δ΄ της Ισπανίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Carlos IV de España – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Carlos IV de España" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlo_la_4-a_(Hispanio)" title="Karlo la 4-a (Hispanio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Karlo la 4-a (Hispanio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlos_IV.a_Borboikoa_(Espainia)" title="Karlos IV.a Borboikoa (Espainia) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Karlos IV.a Borboikoa (Espainia)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3_%DA%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85" title="کارلوس چهارم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کارلوس چهارم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_(roi_d%27Espagne)" title="Charles IV (roi d'Espagne) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Charles IV (roi d'Espagne)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9arlas_IV_na_Sp%C3%A1inne" title="Séarlas IV na Spáinne – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Séarlas IV na Spáinne" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Carlos IV de España – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Carlos IV de España" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4_4%EC%84%B8_(%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%98%EC%9D%B8)" title="카를로스 4세 (스페인) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카를로스 4세 (스페인)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlo_IV.,_%C5%A1panjolski_kralj" title="Karlo IV., španjolski kralj – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Karlo IV., španjolski kralj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_la_4ma_di_Hispania" title="Carlos la 4ma di Hispania – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Carlos la 4ma di Hispania" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_dari_Spanyol" title="Carlos IV dari Spanyol – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Carlos IV dari Spanyol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_IV_di_Spagna" title="Carlo IV di Spagna – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carlo IV di Spagna" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%99,_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9A_%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93" title="קרלוס הרביעי, מלך ספרד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרלוס הרביעי, מלך ספרד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_IV_(%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98)" title="კარლოს IV (ესპანეთი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კარლოს IV (ესპანეთი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_IV_(rex_Hispaniae)" title="Carolus IV (rex Hispaniae) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Carolus IV (rex Hispaniae)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karloss_IV" title="Karloss IV – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Karloss IV" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV._K%C3%A1roly_spanyol_kir%C3%A1ly" title="IV. Károly spanyol király – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="IV. Károly spanyol király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_IV_(%D0%A8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Карло IV (Шпанија) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Карло IV (Шпанија)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8" title="स्पेनचा चौथा कार्लोस – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="स्पेनचा चौथा कार्लोस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="كارلوس الرابع ملك اسبانيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كارلوس الرابع ملك اسبانيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_IV_van_Spanje" title="Karel IV van Spanje – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Karel IV van Spanje" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B94%E4%B8%96_(%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E7%8E%8B)" title="カルロス4世 (スペイン王) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カルロス4世 (スペイン王)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_IV_av_Spania" title="Karl IV av Spania – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Karl IV av Spania" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carles_IV_d%27Espanha" title="Carles IV d'Espanha – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Carles IV d'Espanha" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karol_IV_Hiszpa%C5%84ski" title="Karol IV Hiszpański – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Karol IV Hiszpański" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_de_Espanha" title="Carlos IV de Espanha – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Carlos IV de Espanha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_al_IV-lea_al_Spaniei" title="Carol al IV-lea al Spaniei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Carol al IV-lea al Spaniei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_IV_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8)" title="Карл IV (король Испании) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Карл IV (король Испании)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_o_Spain" title="Charles IV o Spain – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Charles IV o Spain" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV_of_Spain" title="Charles IV of Spain – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Charles IV of Spain" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karol_IV._(%C5%A0panielsko)" title="Karol IV. (Španielsko) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Karol IV. (Španielsko)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_IV._%C5%A0panski" title="Karel IV. Španski – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Karel IV. Španski" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81_IV_%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%A8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Карлос IV од Шпаније – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Карлос IV од Шпаније" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_od_%C5%A0panije" title="Carlos IV od Španije – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Carlos IV od Španije" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaarle_IV_(Espanja)" title="Kaarle IV (Espanja) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kaarle IV (Espanja)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_IV_av_Spanien" title="Karl IV av Spanien – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Karl IV av Spanien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_ng_Espanya" title="Carlos IV ng Espanya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Carlos IV ng Espanya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_4_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%99" title="พระเจ้าการ์โลสที่ 4 แห่งสเปน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้าการ์โลสที่ 4 แห่งสเปน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IV._Carlos" title="IV. Carlos – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="IV. Carlos" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB_IV_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97)" title="Карл IV (король Іспанії) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Карл IV (король Іспанії)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_IV_c%E1%BB%A7a_T%C3%A2y_Ban_Nha" title="Carlos IV của Tây Ban Nha – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Carlos IV của Tây Ban Nha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96" title="卡洛斯四世 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="卡洛斯四世" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96" title="卡洛斯四世 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="卡洛斯四世" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96" title="卡洛斯四世 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡洛斯四世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">King of Spain from 1788 to 1808</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Charles IV</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Carlos_IV_de_rojo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Carlos_IV_de_rojo.jpg/220px-Carlos_IV_de_rojo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Carlos_IV_de_rojo.jpg/330px-Carlos_IV_de_rojo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Carlos_IV_de_rojo.jpg/440px-Carlos_IV_de_rojo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2240" data-file-height="3051" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Portrait by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Goya" title="Francisco Goya">Francisco Goya</a>, 1789</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Spain">King of Spain</a> <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal" class="noprint">(<a href="/wiki/List_of_titles_and_honours_of_the_Spanish_Crown" title="List of titles and honours of the Spanish Crown">more...</a>) </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">14 December 1788 – <span class="avoidwrap" style="display:inline-block;"> 19 March 1808</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII" title="Ferdinand VII">Ferdinand VII</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chief_minister" title="Chief minister">Chief ministers</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><i>See list</i></span></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mo%C3%B1ino,_1st_Count_of_Floridablanca" title="José Moñino, 1st Count of Floridablanca">The Count of Floridablanca</a><br />(1788-1792)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Pablo_Abarca_de_Bolea,_10th_Count_of_Aranda" title="Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea, 10th Count of Aranda">The Count of Aranda</a><br />(1792-1792)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Godoy" title="Manuel Godoy">The Prince of the Peace</a><br />(1792-1798)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Saavedra_de_Sangronis" title="Francisco Saavedra de Sangronis">Francisco Saavedra de Sangronis</a><br />(1798-1799)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Luis_de_Urquijo" title="Mariano Luis de Urquijo">Mariano Luis de Urquijo</a><br />(1799-1799)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Cevallos" title="Pedro Cevallos">Pedro Cevallos</a><br />(1799-1808)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_O%27Farrill" title="Gonzalo O'Farrill">Gonzalo O'Farrill</a><br />(1808-1808)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">11 November 1748<br /><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Portici" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Portici">Palace of Portici</a>, Portici, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">Naples</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">20 January 1819<span style="display:none">(1819-01-20)</span> (aged 70)<br /><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Barberini" title="Palazzo Barberini">Palazzo Barberini</a>, Rome, <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/El_Escorial" title="El Escorial">El Escorial</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Luisa_of_Parma" title="Maria Luisa of Parma">Maria Luisa of Parma</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1765; died 1819)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlota_Joaquina,_Queen_of_Portugal_and_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlota Joaquina, Queen of Portugal and Brazil">Carlota Joaquina, Queen of Portugal and Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Amalia_of_Spain_(1779%E2%80%931798)" class="mw-redirect" title="Infanta María Amalia of Spain (1779–1798)">Infanta María Amalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Luisa,_Queen_of_Etruria" class="mw-redirect" title="María Luisa, Queen of Etruria">María Luisa, Queen of Etruria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII,_King_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII, King of Spain">Ferdinand VII, King of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Carlos,_Count_of_Molina" class="mw-redirect" title="Infante Carlos, Count of Molina">Infante Carlos, Count of Molina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain" title="María Isabella of Spain">María Isabel, Queen of the Two Sicilies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Francisco_de_Paula" class="mw-redirect" title="Infante Francisco de Paula">Infante Francisco de Paula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left">Names</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">Spanish: <i lang="es">Carlos Antonio Pascual Francisco Javier Juan Nepomuceno José Januario Serafín Diego de Borbón y Sajonia</i></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">Bourbon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III of Spain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Amalia_of_Saxony" title="Maria Amalia of Saxony">Maria Amalia of Saxony</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Spain" title="Catholic Church in Spain">Catholic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="notpageimage infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_IV_of_Spain_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Charles IV's signature"><img alt="Charles IV's signature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Charles_IV_of_Spain_signature.svg/125px-Charles_IV_of_Spain_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Charles_IV_of_Spain_signature.svg/188px-Charles_IV_of_Spain_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Charles_IV_of_Spain_signature.svg/250px-Charles_IV_of_Spain_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="274" data-file-height="124" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Charles IV</b> (Spanish: <i lang="es">Carlos Antonio Pascual Francisco Javier Juan Nepomuceno José Januario Serafín Diego de Borbón y Sajonia</i>; 11 November 1748 – 20 January 1819; also written as <b>Charles <a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals#Modern_use" title="Roman numerals">IIII</a></b>) was <a href="/wiki/King_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Spain">King of Spain</a> and ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a> from 1788 to 1808. </p><p>The Spain inherited by Charles IV gave few indications of instability,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but during his reign, Spain entered a series of disadvantageous alliances and his regime constantly sought cash to deal with the exigencies of war. He detested his son and heir <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII" title="Ferdinand VII">Ferdinand</a>, who led the unsuccessful <a href="/wiki/El_Escorial_Conspiracy" title="El Escorial Conspiracy">El Escorial Conspiracy</a> and later forced Charles's abdication after the <a href="/wiki/Tumult_of_Aranjuez" title="Tumult of Aranjuez">Tumult of Aranjuez</a> in March 1808, along with ousting Charles's widely hated first minister <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Godoy" title="Manuel Godoy">Manuel Godoy</a>. Summoned to <a href="/wiki/Bayonne" title="Bayonne">Bayonne</a> by <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleon Bonaparte</a>, who forced Ferdinand VII to abdicate, Charles IV also abdicated, paving the way for Napoleon to place his older brother <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph Bonaparte</a> on the throne of Spain. The reign of Charles IV turned out to be a major negative turning point in Spanish history.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Charles was the second son of <a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III</a> and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Amalia_of_Saxony" title="Maria Amalia of Saxony">Maria Amalia of Saxony</a>. He was born in <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> (11 November 1748), while his father was <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Naples" title="Kingdom of Naples">King of Naples</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sicily" title="Kingdom of Sicily">Sicily</a>. His elder brother <a href="/wiki/Infante_Philip,_Duke_of_Calabria" title="Infante Philip, Duke of Calabria">Don Felipe</a> was passed over for both thrones, due to his learning disabilities and <a href="/wiki/Epilepsy" title="Epilepsy">epilepsy</a>. In Naples and Sicily, Charles was referred to as the <i><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Taranto" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince of Taranto">Prince of Taranto</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was called <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">El Cazador</i></span> (meaning "the Hunter"), due to his preference for sport and hunting, rather than dealing with affairs of the state. Charles is considered by historian <a href="/wiki/Stanley_G._Payne" title="Stanley G. Payne">Stanley G. Payne</a> as "good-hearted but weak and simple-minded".<sup id="cite_ref-Payne_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Payne-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 18 November 1791, <a href="/wiki/King_Carlos_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="King Carlos IV">King Carlos IV</a> promulgated a royal decree declaring the foundation of the "Royal University of Guadalajara".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in modern times <a href="/wiki/University_of_Guadalajara" title="University of Guadalajara">University of Guadalajara</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reign">Reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_familia_de_Carlos_IV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/La_familia_de_Carlos_IV.jpg/220px-La_familia_de_Carlos_IV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/La_familia_de_Carlos_IV.jpg/330px-La_familia_de_Carlos_IV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/La_familia_de_Carlos_IV.jpg/440px-La_familia_de_Carlos_IV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2869" data-file-height="2339" /></a><figcaption>The Family of Charles IV</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:8_reales_Carolus_IV_1808_Chopmark.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/8_reales_Carolus_IV_1808_Chopmark.png/220px-8_reales_Carolus_IV_1808_Chopmark.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/8_reales_Carolus_IV_1808_Chopmark.png/330px-8_reales_Carolus_IV_1808_Chopmark.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/8_reales_Carolus_IV_1808_Chopmark.png/440px-8_reales_Carolus_IV_1808_Chopmark.png 2x" data-file-width="2254" data-file-height="1122" /></a><figcaption>8 reales Carolus IV 1808 Chopmark</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1788, Charles III died and Charles IV succeeded to the throne and ruled for the next two decades. Even though he had a profound belief in the sanctity of the monarchy and kept up the appearance of an absolute, powerful king, Charles never took more than a passive part in his own government. The affairs of government were left to his wife, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Luisa_of_Parma" title="Maria Luisa of Parma">Maria Luisa</a>, and the man he appointed first minister, <a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Godoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel de Godoy">Manuel de Godoy</a>. Charles occupied himself with <a href="/wiki/Hunting" title="Hunting">hunting</a> in the period that saw the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, the executions of his Bourbon relative <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a> of France and his queen, <a href="/wiki/Marie_Antoinette" title="Marie Antoinette">Marie Antoinette</a>, and the rise of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> Bonaparte. Ideas of the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a> had come to <a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_in_Spain" title="Enlightenment in Spain">Spain</a> with the accession of the first Spanish Bourbon, <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Spain" title="Philip V of Spain">Philip V</a>. Charles' father, Charles III, had pursued an active policy of <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Reforms" title="Bourbon Reforms">reform</a> that sought to reinvigorate Spain politically and economically and make the Spanish Empire more closely an appendage of the metropole. Charles III was an active, working monarch with experienced first ministers to help reach decisions. Charles IV, by contrast, was a <a href="/wiki/Roi_fain%C3%A9ant" title="Roi fainéant">do-nothing king</a>, with a domineering wife and an inexperienced but ambitious first minister, Godoy. The combination of a king not up to the task of governance, the queen widely perceived to take lovers (including Godoy) and the first minister with an agenda of his own earned the monarchy increased alienation from its subjects.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon ascending to the throne, Charles IV intended to maintain the policies of his father and, accordingly, retained his prime minister, <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mo%C3%B1ino,_1st_Count_of_Floridablanca" title="José Moñino, 1st Count of Floridablanca">the Count of Floridablanca</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Payne_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Payne-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Floridablanca avoided war with Great Britain in the <a href="/wiki/Nootka_Crisis" title="Nootka Crisis">Nootka Sound crisis</a>, where a minor trade and navigation dispute off the west coast of <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island" title="Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a> in 1789 could have blown up into a major conflict. Spain could have drawn on its French ally in support against Britain but they refused. In a humiliating move Floridablanca had no choice but to capitulate to British terms and thereby <a href="/wiki/Nootka_Convention" title="Nootka Convention">negotiated with them</a>. In 1792, political and personal enemies ousted Floridablanca from office, replacing him with the <a href="/wiki/Count_of_Aranda" class="mw-redirect" title="Count of Aranda">Count of Aranda</a>. However, in the wake of the war against <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">Republican France</a>, the liberal-leaning Count of Aranda was himself replaced by <a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Godoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel de Godoy">Manuel de Godoy</a>, a favorite of the Queen and widely believed to be her lover, who enjoyed the lasting favor of the King.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Under Charles IV, <a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_in_Spain" title="Enlightenment in Spain">scientific expeditions</a> continued to be sent by the crown, some of which were initially authorized by <a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanical_Expedition_to_New_Granada" title="Royal Botanical Expedition to New Granada">Royal Botanical Expedition to New Granada</a> (1783–1816),<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanical_Expedition_to_New_Spain" title="Royal Botanical Expedition to New Spain">Royal Botanical Expedition to New Spain</a> (1787–1803),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were funded by the crown. The <a href="/wiki/Malaspina_Expedition" title="Malaspina Expedition">Malaspina Expedition</a> (1789–94) was an important scientific expedition headed by Spanish naval commander <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Malaspina" title="Alejandro Malaspina">Alejandro Malaspina</a>, with naturalists and botanical illustrators gathering information for the Spanish crown.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1803, he authorized the <a href="/wiki/Balmis_Expedition" title="Balmis Expedition">Balmis Expedition</a>, aimed at <a href="/wiki/Vaccinating" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaccinating">vaccinating</a> Spain's overseas territories against <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1799, Charles IV authorized Prussian aristocrat and scientist <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Humboldt" title="Alexander von Humboldt">Alexander von Humboldt</a> to travel freely in Spanish America, with royal officials encouraged to aid him in his investigation of key areas of Spain's empire. Humboldt's <i>Political Essay on the Kingdom of New Spain</i> was a key publication from his five-year travels.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SpanishEmpire1790.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/SpanishEmpire1790.svg/330px-SpanishEmpire1790.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/SpanishEmpire1790.svg/495px-SpanishEmpire1790.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/SpanishEmpire1790.svg/660px-SpanishEmpire1790.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="4327" data-file-height="2194" /></a><figcaption>Apex of <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a> in 1790</figcaption></figure> <p>Spain's economic problems were of long standing, but deteriorated further when Spain was ensnared in wars that its ally France pursued. Financial needs drove his domestic and foreign policy. Godoy's economic policies increased discontent with Charles's regime.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an attempt to implement major economic changes, <a href="/wiki/Gaspar_Melchor_de_Jovellanos" title="Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos">Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos</a>, a reformist, <a href="/wiki/Jansenist" class="mw-redirect" title="Jansenist">Jansenist</a> conservative proposed major structural reform of land tenure to promote the revival of agriculture. His 1795 work, <i>Informe en el expediente de ley agraria</i> argued that Spain needed thriving agriculture to allow its population to grow and prosper. In his analysis, the concentration of land ownership and traditions and institutional barriers were at the heart of agriculture's problems. He called for division and sale of public lands, which were held by villages, as well as the swaths of Spanish territory controlled by the <a href="/wiki/Mesta" title="Mesta">Mesta</a>, the organization of livestock owners who had kept grazing lands as an asset for their use. Jovellanos also argued for the abolition of entailed properties (<i>mayorazgos</i>), which allowed landed estates to pass undivided through generations of aristocrats, as well as sale of lands held by the Catholic Church. The aim of these policies was to create in Spain yeoman farmers, who would pursue their self-interest and make agricultural land more productive. The cost would be to undermine the power of the Church and the aristocracy.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the situation with immediate revenue became more fraught, the crown in 1804 imposed measures in its overseas empire forcing the church to call in immediately the mortgages it had extended on a long-term by the Catholic Church. Although aimed at undermining the wealth and power of the church, the wealthy landowning elites were faced with financial ruin, since they had no way to make full payment on their mortgaged properties.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This ill-considered royal decree has been seen as a major factor in the independence movement in <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a> (Mexico).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decree was in abeyance once Charles and Ferdinand abdicated, but it undermined elite support while in force. </p><p>In foreign policy Godoy continued Abarca de Bolea's policy of neutrality toward as France, but after Spain protested the execution of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a> of France in 1793, France declared war on Spain. After the declaration, Portugal and Spain signed a treaty of mutual protection against France.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1796 France forced Godoy to <a href="/wiki/Second_Treaty_of_San_Ildefonso" title="Second Treaty of San Ildefonso">enter into an alliance</a>, and declare war on the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Kingdom of Great Britain</a>. As a consequence, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire#The_Spanish_Bourbons:_reform_and_recovery_.281700.E2.80.931808.29" title="Spanish Empire">Spain</a> became one of the <a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">maritime empires</a> to have been allied with Republican France in the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_War" class="mw-redirect" title="French Revolutionary War">French Revolutionary War</a>, and for a considerable duration.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Spain remained an ally of France for a while, lost against the British in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar" title="Battle of Trafalgar">battle of Trafalgar</a>, and supported the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Blockade" class="mw-redirect" title="Continental Blockade">Continental Blockade</a>. After <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>'s victory over <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a> in 1807, Godoy kept Spain with the French side. </p><p>But the switching of alliances devalued Charles's position as a trustworthy ally, increasing Godoy's unpopularity, and strengthening the <i>fernandistas</i> (supporters of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Crown Prince Ferdinand</a>), who favoured an alliance with the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Economic troubles, rumors about a sexual relationship between the Queen and Godoy, and the King's ineptitude, caused the monarchy to decline in prestige among the population. Anxious to take over from his father, and jealous of the prime minister, Crown Prince Ferdinand attempted to overthrow the King in an aborted coup in 1807.<sup id="cite_ref-Payne_2_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Payne_2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was successful in 1808, forcing his father's abdication following the <a href="/wiki/Tumult_of_Aranjuez" title="Tumult of Aranjuez">Tumult of Aranjuez</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2_escudos_en_or_%C3%A0_l%27effigie_de_Charles_IV,_1798.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coins with image of Charles IV of Spain, 1798"><img alt="Coins with image of Charles IV of Spain, 1798" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/2_escudos_en_or_%C3%A0_l%27effigie_de_Charles_IV%2C_1798.jpg/120px-2_escudos_en_or_%C3%A0_l%27effigie_de_Charles_IV%2C_1798.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/2_escudos_en_or_%C3%A0_l%27effigie_de_Charles_IV%2C_1798.jpg/180px-2_escudos_en_or_%C3%A0_l%27effigie_de_Charles_IV%2C_1798.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/2_escudos_en_or_%C3%A0_l%27effigie_de_Charles_IV%2C_1798.jpg/240px-2_escudos_en_or_%C3%A0_l%27effigie_de_Charles_IV%2C_1798.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="577" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Coins with image of Charles IV of Spain, 1798</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_IV_of_Spain_1794_Colombia_8_Escudos.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coin of Charles IV of Spain Colombia 8 Escudos, 1794"><img alt="Coin of Charles IV of Spain Colombia 8 Escudos, 1794" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Charles_IV_of_Spain_1794_Colombia_8_Escudos.jpg/120px-Charles_IV_of_Spain_1794_Colombia_8_Escudos.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Charles_IV_of_Spain_1794_Colombia_8_Escudos.jpg/180px-Charles_IV_of_Spain_1794_Colombia_8_Escudos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Charles_IV_of_Spain_1794_Colombia_8_Escudos.jpg/240px-Charles_IV_of_Spain_1794_Colombia_8_Escudos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2041" data-file-height="1082" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Coin of Charles IV of Spain Colombia 8 Escudos, 1794</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jos%C3%A9_Mo%C3%B1ino_y_Redondo,_conde_de_Floridablanca.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Count de Floridablanca, painting by Goya ca. 1783"><img alt="Count de Floridablanca, painting by Goya ca. 1783" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Jos%C3%A9_Mo%C3%B1ino_y_Redondo%2C_conde_de_Floridablanca.jpg/71px-Jos%C3%A9_Mo%C3%B1ino_y_Redondo%2C_conde_de_Floridablanca.jpg" decoding="async" width="71" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Jos%C3%A9_Mo%C3%B1ino_y_Redondo%2C_conde_de_Floridablanca.jpg/106px-Jos%C3%A9_Mo%C3%B1ino_y_Redondo%2C_conde_de_Floridablanca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Jos%C3%A9_Mo%C3%B1ino_y_Redondo%2C_conde_de_Floridablanca.jpg/141px-Jos%C3%A9_Mo%C3%B1ino_y_Redondo%2C_conde_de_Floridablanca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1102" data-file-height="1868" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Count de Floridablanca, painting by <a href="/wiki/Goya" class="mw-redirect" title="Goya">Goya</a> ca. 1783</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pedro_Pablo_Abarca_de_Bolea,_Count_of_Aranda.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Count of Aranda"><img alt="Count of Aranda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Pedro_Pablo_Abarca_de_Bolea%2C_Count_of_Aranda.jpg/90px-Pedro_Pablo_Abarca_de_Bolea%2C_Count_of_Aranda.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Pedro_Pablo_Abarca_de_Bolea%2C_Count_of_Aranda.jpg/135px-Pedro_Pablo_Abarca_de_Bolea%2C_Count_of_Aranda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Pedro_Pablo_Abarca_de_Bolea%2C_Count_of_Aranda.jpg/180px-Pedro_Pablo_Abarca_de_Bolea%2C_Count_of_Aranda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1441" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Count of Aranda</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Francisco_de_Goya_-_Godoy_como_general_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Manuel de Godoy, as general. Painting by Goya 1801"><img alt="Manuel de Godoy, as general. Painting by Goya 1801" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Francisco_de_Goya_-_Godoy_como_general_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/120px-Francisco_de_Goya_-_Godoy_como_general_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Francisco_de_Goya_-_Godoy_como_general_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/180px-Francisco_de_Goya_-_Godoy_como_general_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Francisco_de_Goya_-_Godoy_como_general_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/240px-Francisco_de_Goya_-_Godoy_como_general_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4567" data-file-height="3073" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Manuel de Godoy, as general. Painting by Goya 1801</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Francisco_de_Goya_y_Lucientes_-_Gaspar_Melchor_de_Jovellanos.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos. Painting by Goya 1798"><img alt="Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos. Painting by Goya 1798" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Francisco_de_Goya_y_Lucientes_-_Gaspar_Melchor_de_Jovellanos.jpg/76px-Francisco_de_Goya_y_Lucientes_-_Gaspar_Melchor_de_Jovellanos.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Francisco_de_Goya_y_Lucientes_-_Gaspar_Melchor_de_Jovellanos.jpg/114px-Francisco_de_Goya_y_Lucientes_-_Gaspar_Melchor_de_Jovellanos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Francisco_de_Goya_y_Lucientes_-_Gaspar_Melchor_de_Jovellanos.jpg/152px-Francisco_de_Goya_y_Lucientes_-_Gaspar_Melchor_de_Jovellanos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1939" data-file-height="3051" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos. Painting by Goya 1798</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fernando_de_Borb%C3%B3n,_pr%C3%ADncipe_de_Asturias.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Crown Prince Ferdinand, Painting by Goya 1800"><img alt="Crown Prince Ferdinand, Painting by Goya 1800" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Fernando_de_Borb%C3%B3n%2C_pr%C3%ADncipe_de_Asturias.jpg/96px-Fernando_de_Borb%C3%B3n%2C_pr%C3%ADncipe_de_Asturias.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Fernando_de_Borb%C3%B3n%2C_pr%C3%ADncipe_de_Asturias.jpg/144px-Fernando_de_Borb%C3%B3n%2C_pr%C3%ADncipe_de_Asturias.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Fernando_de_Borb%C3%B3n%2C_pr%C3%ADncipe_de_Asturias.jpg/193px-Fernando_de_Borb%C3%B3n%2C_pr%C3%ADncipe_de_Asturias.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="623" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Crown Prince Ferdinand, Painting by Goya 1800</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abdications_of_Bayonne">Abdications of Bayonne</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Abdications of Bayonne"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Abdications_of_Bayonne" title="Abdications of Bayonne">Abdications of Bayonne</a></div> <p>Riots, and a popular revolt at <a href="/wiki/Mutiny_of_Aranjuez" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutiny of Aranjuez">the winter palace Aranjuez</a>, in 1808 forced the king to abdicate on 19 March, in favor of his son.<sup id="cite_ref-Payne_2_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Payne_2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ferdinand took the throne as <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII" title="Ferdinand VII">Ferdinand VII</a>, but was mistrusted by Napoleon, who had 100,000 soldiers stationed in Spain by that time due to the ongoing <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Third_Coalition" title="War of the Third Coalition">War of the Third Coalition</a>. </p><p>The ousted King, having appealed to Napoleon for help in regaining his throne, was summoned before Napoleon in <a href="/wiki/Bayonne" title="Bayonne">Bayonne</a>, along with his son, in April 1808. Napoleon forced both Charles and his son to abdicate, declared the Bourbon dynasty of Spain deposed, and installed his brother, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph Bonaparte</a>, as King Joseph I of Spain, which began the <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">Peninsular War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life_and_death">Later life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carlo_IV_di_Spagna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Carlo_IV_di_Spagna.jpg/220px-Carlo_IV_di_Spagna.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Carlo_IV_di_Spagna.jpg/330px-Carlo_IV_di_Spagna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Carlo_IV_di_Spagna.jpg/440px-Carlo_IV_di_Spagna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="848" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>The ex-king in 1818</figcaption></figure> <p>Following Napoleon's deposing of the Bourbon dynasty, the ex-King, his wife, and former Prime Minister Godoy were held captive in France first at the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Compi%C3%A8gne" title="Château de Compiègne">château de Compiègne</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and three years in <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a> (where a neighborhood was named after him).<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the collapse of the regime installed by Napoleon, <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII" title="Ferdinand VII">Ferdinand VII</a> was restored to the throne. The former Charles IV drifted about Europe<sup id="cite_ref-Griffin_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Griffin-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until 1812, when he finally settled in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Barberini" title="Palazzo Barberini">Palazzo Barberini</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WP-fr_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP-fr-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His wife died on 2 January 1819, followed shortly by Charles, who died on 20 January of the same year. Sir <a href="/wiki/Francis_Ronalds" title="Francis Ronalds">Francis Ronalds</a> included a detailed description of the funeral in his travel journal.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Character">Character</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Character"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Well-meaning and pious, Charles IV floundered in a series of international crises beyond his capacity to handle.<sup id="cite_ref-Griffin_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Griffin-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was said to be 'despotic, sluggish and stupid'. He was also noted as a former wrestler who spent many a time hunting.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was painted by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Goya" title="Francisco Goya">Francisco Goya</a> in a number of official court portraits, which numerous art critics have seen as satires on the King's stout vacuity.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marriage_and_children">Marriage and children</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Marriage and children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Charles IV married his first cousin <a href="/wiki/Maria_Luisa_of_Parma" title="Maria Luisa of Parma">Maria Louisa</a>, the daughter of Philip, Duke of Parma, in 1765. The couple had fourteen children, seven of whom survived into adulthood: </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible" style="text-align:center; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4" style="background:#ccddcc;border:1px solid #667766">Children of King Charles IV </th></tr> <tr> <th width="20%">Name</th> <th width="100px">Portrait</th> <th width="20%">Lifespan</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><i>Carlos Clemente</i><br />Infante of Spain </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mengs_-_Portrait_of_a_grandchild_of_Charles_III_of_Spain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mengs_-_Portrait_of_a_grandchild_of_Charles_III_of_Spain.jpg/100px-Mengs_-_Portrait_of_a_grandchild_of_Charles_III_of_Spain.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mengs_-_Portrait_of_a_grandchild_of_Charles_III_of_Spain.jpg/150px-Mengs_-_Portrait_of_a_grandchild_of_Charles_III_of_Spain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mengs_-_Portrait_of_a_grandchild_of_Charles_III_of_Spain.jpg/200px-Mengs_-_Portrait_of_a_grandchild_of_Charles_III_of_Spain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1627" /></a></span> </td> <td>19 September 1771 – 7 March 1774 </td> <td>Born and died at <a href="/wiki/El_Escorial" title="El Escorial">El Escorial</a>; baptized on the same day he was born, with Charles III representing "the Holy Father" at the christening. <a href="/wiki/Pope_Clement_XIV" title="Pope Clement XIV">Pope Clement XIV</a> celebrated Carlos' birth and sent the infant consecrated swaddling clothes. Died young however.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Carlota_Joaquina" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlota Joaquina">Carlota Joaquina</a></i><br />Queen of Portugal and the Algarves </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Retrato_de_D._Carlota_Joaquina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Retrato_de_D._Carlota_Joaquina.jpg/100px-Retrato_de_D._Carlota_Joaquina.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Retrato_de_D._Carlota_Joaquina.jpg/150px-Retrato_de_D._Carlota_Joaquina.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Retrato_de_D._Carlota_Joaquina.jpg/200px-Retrato_de_D._Carlota_Joaquina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="358" data-file-height="462" /></a></span> </td> <td>25 April 1775 – 7 January 1830 </td> <td>Born at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Palace_of_Aranjuez" title="Royal Palace of Aranjuez">Royal Palace of Aranjuez</a>, she married her first cousin <a href="/wiki/John_VI_of_Portugal" title="John VI of Portugal">John VI of Portugal</a> in 1785 and became Queen consort of Portugal in 1816. Had issue, including the future <a href="/wiki/Pedro_I_of_Brazil" title="Pedro I of Brazil">Pedro I of Brazil</a>. She died at <a href="/wiki/Queluz_National_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Queluz National Palace">Queluz National Palace</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Maria Luisa</i><br />Infanta of Spain </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Greater_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_(1761-1868_and_1874-1931)_Version_with_Golden_Fleece_and_Order_of_Charles_III_Collars.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Royal_Greater_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281761-1868_and_1874-1931%29_Version_with_Golden_Fleece_and_Order_of_Charles_III_Collars.svg/100px-Royal_Greater_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281761-1868_and_1874-1931%29_Version_with_Golden_Fleece_and_Order_of_Charles_III_Collars.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Royal_Greater_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281761-1868_and_1874-1931%29_Version_with_Golden_Fleece_and_Order_of_Charles_III_Collars.svg/150px-Royal_Greater_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281761-1868_and_1874-1931%29_Version_with_Golden_Fleece_and_Order_of_Charles_III_Collars.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Royal_Greater_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281761-1868_and_1874-1931%29_Version_with_Golden_Fleece_and_Order_of_Charles_III_Collars.svg/200px-Royal_Greater_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_%281761-1868_and_1874-1931%29_Version_with_Golden_Fleece_and_Order_of_Charles_III_Collars.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="1234" /></a></span> </td> <td>11 September 1777 – 2 July 1782 </td> <td>Born and died at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Palace_of_La_Granja_de_San_Ildefonso" title="Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso">Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso</a> died young.<sup id="cite_ref-es_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-es-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Amalia_of_Spain_(1779-1798)" class="mw-redirect" title="Infanta María Amalia of Spain (1779-1798)">María Amalia</a></i><br />Infanta of Spain </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Amalia_of_Spain_(1779-1798).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Amalia_of_Spain_%281779-1798%29.jpg/100px-Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Amalia_of_Spain_%281779-1798%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Amalia_of_Spain_%281779-1798%29.jpg/150px-Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Amalia_of_Spain_%281779-1798%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Amalia_of_Spain_%281779-1798%29.jpg/200px-Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Amalia_of_Spain_%281779-1798%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="832" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span> </td> <td>9 January 1779 – 22 July 1798 </td> <td>Born at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez, she married her uncle <a href="/wiki/Infante_Antonio_Pascual_of_Spain" title="Infante Antonio Pascual of Spain">Infante Antonio Pascual of Spain</a> in 1795. She gave birth to a stillborn son in 1798 and died shortly thereafter. </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Carlos Domingo</i><br />Infante of Spain </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carnicero_-_Infante_Carlos_Domingo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Carnicero_-_Infante_Carlos_Domingo.jpg/100px-Carnicero_-_Infante_Carlos_Domingo.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Carnicero_-_Infante_Carlos_Domingo.jpg/150px-Carnicero_-_Infante_Carlos_Domingo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Carnicero_-_Infante_Carlos_Domingo.jpg/200px-Carnicero_-_Infante_Carlos_Domingo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td>5 March 1780 – 11 June 1783 </td> <td>Born at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Palace_of_El_Pardo" title="Royal Palace of El Pardo">Royal Palace of El Pardo</a> and died at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez.<sup id="cite_ref-es_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-es-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his birth, his father pardoned all of the convicts from <a href="/wiki/Puerto_San_Juli%C3%A1n" title="Puerto San Julián">Puerto San Julián</a> as a sign of celebration. Died in childhood.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Maria_Luisa_of_Spain,_Duchess_of_Lucca" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria Luisa of Spain, Duchess of Lucca">Maria Luisa</a></i><br />Queen of Etruria<br />Duchess of Lucca </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maria_Luisa_of_Spain,_queen_of_Etruria_and_duchess_of_Lucca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Maria_Luisa_of_Spain%2C_queen_of_Etruria_and_duchess_of_Lucca.jpg/100px-Maria_Luisa_of_Spain%2C_queen_of_Etruria_and_duchess_of_Lucca.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Maria_Luisa_of_Spain%2C_queen_of_Etruria_and_duchess_of_Lucca.jpg/150px-Maria_Luisa_of_Spain%2C_queen_of_Etruria_and_duchess_of_Lucca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Maria_Luisa_of_Spain%2C_queen_of_Etruria_and_duchess_of_Lucca.jpg/200px-Maria_Luisa_of_Spain%2C_queen_of_Etruria_and_duchess_of_Lucca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1603" data-file-height="2034" /></a></span> </td> <td>6 July 1782 – 13 March 1824 </td> <td>Born at the Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso, she married her first cousin <a href="/wiki/Louis,_King_of_Etruria" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis, King of Etruria">Louis, King of Etruria</a> in 1795 and had issue, including <a href="/wiki/Charles_II,_Duke_of_Parma" title="Charles II, Duke of Parma">Charles II, Duke of Parma</a>. Became Duchess of Lucca in her own right in 1817 and died in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> in 1824 of cancer. </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Carlos Francisco de Paula</i><br />Infante of Spain </td> <td rowspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Infantes_Felipe_and_Carlos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Infantes_Felipe_and_Carlos.jpg/100px-Infantes_Felipe_and_Carlos.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Infantes_Felipe_and_Carlos.jpg/150px-Infantes_Felipe_and_Carlos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Infantes_Felipe_and_Carlos.jpg/200px-Infantes_Felipe_and_Carlos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="272" data-file-height="220" /></a></span> </td> <td>5 September 1783 – 11 November 1784 </td> <td rowspan="2">Twins, born and died at the Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their birth was an important event for the people of Spain and provided security for the succession, a security which was truncated with the early deaths of Carlos and Felipe. Both died in childhood.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Felipe Francisco de Paula</i><br />Infante of Spain </td> <td>5 September 1783 – 18 October 1784 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Fernando (VII)</a></i><br />King of Spain </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fernando_VII,_by_L%C3%B3pez.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Fernando_VII%2C_by_L%C3%B3pez.jpg/100px-Fernando_VII%2C_by_L%C3%B3pez.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Fernando_VII%2C_by_L%C3%B3pez.jpg/150px-Fernando_VII%2C_by_L%C3%B3pez.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Fernando_VII%2C_by_L%C3%B3pez.jpg/200px-Fernando_VII%2C_by_L%C3%B3pez.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1477" data-file-height="1748" /></a></span> </td> <td>14 October 1784 – 29 September 1833 </td> <td>Born and died at El Escorial, he succeeded his father as King in 1808, but was deposed by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph Bonaparte</a> one month later. Married his first cousin <a href="/wiki/Princess_Maria_Antonia_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Princess Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily">Princess Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily</a> in 1802, no issue. Re-instated as King in 1813. Married his niece <a href="/wiki/Maria_Isabel_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria Isabel of Portugal">Maria Isabel of Portugal</a> in 1816, had issue. Married <a href="/wiki/Maria_Josepha_Amalia_of_Saxony" title="Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony">Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony</a> in 1819, no issue. Married his niece <a href="/wiki/Maria_Christina_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies">Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies</a> in 1829 and had issue, including the future <a href="/wiki/Isabella_II_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabella II of Spain">Isabella II of Spain</a>. Died in 1833. </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Infante_Carlos,_Count_of_Molina" class="mw-redirect" title="Infante Carlos, Count of Molina">Carlos María Isidro Benito</a></i><br />Count of Molina </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Retrato_del_infante_Carlos_Mar%C3%ADa_Isidro_de_Borb%C3%B3n_(Vicente_L%C3%B3pez).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Retrato_del_infante_Carlos_Mar%C3%ADa_Isidro_de_Borb%C3%B3n_%28Vicente_L%C3%B3pez%29.JPG/100px-Retrato_del_infante_Carlos_Mar%C3%ADa_Isidro_de_Borb%C3%B3n_%28Vicente_L%C3%B3pez%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Retrato_del_infante_Carlos_Mar%C3%ADa_Isidro_de_Borb%C3%B3n_%28Vicente_L%C3%B3pez%29.JPG/150px-Retrato_del_infante_Carlos_Mar%C3%ADa_Isidro_de_Borb%C3%B3n_%28Vicente_L%C3%B3pez%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Retrato_del_infante_Carlos_Mar%C3%ADa_Isidro_de_Borb%C3%B3n_%28Vicente_L%C3%B3pez%29.JPG/200px-Retrato_del_infante_Carlos_Mar%C3%ADa_Isidro_de_Borb%C3%B3n_%28Vicente_L%C3%B3pez%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2305" data-file-height="3115" /></a></span> </td> <td>29 March 1788 – 10 March 1855 </td> <td>Born at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez. Married his niece <a href="/wiki/Infanta_Maria_Francisca_of_Portugal" title="Infanta Maria Francisca of Portugal">Infanta Maria Francisca of Portugal</a> in 1816 and had issue. Married his niece <a href="/wiki/Maria_Teresa,_Princess_of_Beira" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria Teresa, Princess of Beira">Maria Teresa, Princess of Beira</a> in 1838, no issue. First <a href="/wiki/Carlist" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlist">Carlist</a> pretender to the throne of Spain as "Carlos V". Use the title "Count of Molina" between 1845 and his death in 1855. </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain" title="María Isabella of Spain">María Isabel</a></i><br />Queen of the Two Sicilies </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1819_portrait_of_the_Duchess_of_Calabria_(Maria_Isabel_of_Spain,_future_Queen_of_the_Two_Sicilies)_by_Giuseppe_Cammarano_(Palace_of_Caserta).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/1819_portrait_of_the_Duchess_of_Calabria_%28Maria_Isabel_of_Spain%2C_future_Queen_of_the_Two_Sicilies%29_by_Giuseppe_Cammarano_%28Palace_of_Caserta%29.jpg/100px-1819_portrait_of_the_Duchess_of_Calabria_%28Maria_Isabel_of_Spain%2C_future_Queen_of_the_Two_Sicilies%29_by_Giuseppe_Cammarano_%28Palace_of_Caserta%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/1819_portrait_of_the_Duchess_of_Calabria_%28Maria_Isabel_of_Spain%2C_future_Queen_of_the_Two_Sicilies%29_by_Giuseppe_Cammarano_%28Palace_of_Caserta%29.jpg/150px-1819_portrait_of_the_Duchess_of_Calabria_%28Maria_Isabel_of_Spain%2C_future_Queen_of_the_Two_Sicilies%29_by_Giuseppe_Cammarano_%28Palace_of_Caserta%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/1819_portrait_of_the_Duchess_of_Calabria_%28Maria_Isabel_of_Spain%2C_future_Queen_of_the_Two_Sicilies%29_by_Giuseppe_Cammarano_%28Palace_of_Caserta%29.jpg/200px-1819_portrait_of_the_Duchess_of_Calabria_%28Maria_Isabel_of_Spain%2C_future_Queen_of_the_Two_Sicilies%29_by_Giuseppe_Cammarano_%28Palace_of_Caserta%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2126" data-file-height="2666" /></a></span> </td> <td>6 July 1789 – 13 September 1848 </td> <td>Born at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Palace_of_Madrid" title="Royal Palace of Madrid">Royal Palace of Madrid</a>, she married her first cousin <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Francis I of the Two Sicilies">Francis I of the Two Sicilies</a> in 1802 and had issue, including the future <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies">Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies</a>. Queen consort between 1825 and 1830, her husband's death. Died at the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Portici" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Portici">Palace of Portici</a> in 1848. </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Maria Teresa</i><br />Infanta of Spain </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bayeu,_Ram%C3%B3n_-_The_Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Bayeu%2C_Ram%C3%B3n_-_The_Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain.jpg/100px-Bayeu%2C_Ram%C3%B3n_-_The_Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Bayeu%2C_Ram%C3%B3n_-_The_Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain.jpg/150px-Bayeu%2C_Ram%C3%B3n_-_The_Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Bayeu%2C_Ram%C3%B3n_-_The_Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain.jpg/200px-Bayeu%2C_Ram%C3%B3n_-_The_Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Isabella_of_Spain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="1475" /></a></span> </td> <td>16 February 1791 – 2 November 1794 </td> <td>Born at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez and died at El Escorial. Died in Childhood<sup id="cite_ref-trinity_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trinity-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Felipe Maria</i><br />Infante of Spain </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carnicero_-_Infante_Felipe_Maria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Carnicero_-_Infante_Felipe_Maria.jpg/100px-Carnicero_-_Infante_Felipe_Maria.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Carnicero_-_Infante_Felipe_Maria.jpg/150px-Carnicero_-_Infante_Felipe_Maria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Carnicero_-_Infante_Felipe_Maria.jpg/200px-Carnicero_-_Infante_Felipe_Maria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> </td> <td>28 March 1792 – 1 March 1794 </td> <td>Born at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez and died at the Royal Palace of Madrid. Died in childhood.<sup id="cite_ref-trinity_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trinity-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Infante_Francisco_de_Paula_of_Spain" title="Infante Francisco de Paula of Spain">Francisco de Paula</a></i> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Francisco_de_Paula_de_Borb%C3%B3n.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Francisco_de_Paula_de_Borb%C3%B3n.jpg/100px-Francisco_de_Paula_de_Borb%C3%B3n.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Francisco_de_Paula_de_Borb%C3%B3n.jpg/150px-Francisco_de_Paula_de_Borb%C3%B3n.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Francisco_de_Paula_de_Borb%C3%B3n.jpg/200px-Francisco_de_Paula_de_Borb%C3%B3n.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1346" data-file-height="1668" /></a></span> </td> <td>10 March 1794 – 13 August 1865 </td> <td>Born at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez, he married his niece <a href="/wiki/Princess_Luisa_Carlotta_of_Naples_and_Sicily" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Luisa Carlotta of Naples and Sicily">Princess Luisa Carlotta of Naples and Sicily</a> in 1819 and had issue. Died in Madrid in 1865. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ancestors">Ancestors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ancestors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886387087">.mw-parser-output table.ahnentafel{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel tr{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-t{border-top:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}.mw-parser-output .ahnentafel-b{border-bottom:#000 solid 1px;border-left:#000 solid 1px}</style><div class="noresize"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="margin:0.3em auto;clear:none;min-width:60em;width:auto;font-size:88%;border:1px solid #aaa"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none;color:inherit;width:auto">Ancestors of Charles IV of Spain<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center"><table class="ahnentafel" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">8. <a href="/wiki/Louis,_Dauphin_of_France_(1661%E2%80%931711)" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis, Dauphin of France (1661–1711)">Louis, Dauphin of France</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">4. <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Spain" title="Philip V of Spain">Philip V of Spain</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">9. <a href="/wiki/Maria_Anna_Victoria_of_Bavaria" title="Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria">Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">2. <a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III of Spain</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">10. <a href="/wiki/Odoardo_Farnese,_Hereditary_Prince_of_Parma" title="Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma">Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">5. <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Farnese" title="Elisabeth Farnese">Elisabeth Farnese</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">11. <a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Sophie_of_Neuburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg">Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fcc;">1. <b>Charles IV of Spain</b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="11"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="28" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="15" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="14" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">12. <a href="/wiki/Augustus_II_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus II of Poland">Augustus II of Poland</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">6. <a href="/wiki/Augustus_III_of_Poland" title="Augustus III of Poland">Augustus III of Poland</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">13. <a href="/wiki/Christiane_Eberhardine_of_Brandenburg-Bayreuth" title="Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth">Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #fb9;">3. <a href="/wiki/Maria_Amalia_of_Saxony" title="Maria Amalia of Saxony">Maria Amalia of Saxony</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="7"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="13"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="12" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="7" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="6" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">14. <a href="/wiki/Joseph_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor">Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-t"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #ffc;">7. <a href="/wiki/Maria_Josepha_of_Austria" title="Maria Josepha of Austria">Maria Josepha of Austria</a></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="5"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="4" colspan="2"> </td><td rowspan="3" class="ahnentafel-b"> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4"> </td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:1px solid black;height:0.5em; padding:0 0.2em;background-color: #bfc;">15. <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmine_Amalie_of_Brunswick" title="Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick">Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick</a></td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Spain_(1700-1810)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Spain (1700-1810)">History of Spain (1700-1810)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lynch, John. <i>Bourbon Spain, 1700–1808</i>. Basil Blackwell 1989, p. 375</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lynch, "Charles IV and the Crisis of Bourbon Spain", Chapter 10, <i>Bourbon Spain</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hypercritic.org/collection/francisco-goya-charles-of-spain-and-his-family-painting/">"Charles IV of Spain and His Family hides a rulers caricature"</a>. <i>Hypercritic</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hypercritic&rft.atitle=Charles+IV+of+Spain+and+His+Family+hides+a+rulers+caricature&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhypercritic.org%2Fcollection%2Ffrancisco-goya-charles-of-spain-and-his-family-painting%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Almanach royal, p 34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Payne-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Payne_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Payne_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_G._Payne" title="Stanley G. Payne">Stanley G. Payne</a>, <i>History of Spain of Portugal</i>, Vol 2, University of Wisconsin Press, 1973, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-299-06284-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-299-06284-2">978-0-299-06284-2</a>, page 415</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUniversity_of_Guadalajara" class="citation web cs1">University of Guadalajara. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.udg.mx/nuestra/presentacion/historia/periodos/periodo-i">"I. The Royal University of Guadalajara, 1791 – 1821"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Bogotá: Instituto Colombiano de Cultura Hispánica.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jos%C3%A9+Celestino+Mutis+y+la+real+expedici%C3%B3n+bot%C3%A1nica+del+Nuevo+Reyno+de+Granada&rft.place=Bogot%C3%A1&rft.edition=2nd.&rft.pub=Instituto+Colombiano+de+Cultura+Hisp%C3%A1nica&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=P%C3%A9rez+Arbel%C3%A1ez&rft.aufirst=Enrique&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRickett1947" class="citation journal cs1">Rickett, Harold W. (1947). 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"La consolidación de vales reales como factor determinante de la lucha de independencia en México, 1804-1808." Historia mexicana (2006): 373-425.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPortugalde)BikerEstrangeiros2018" class="citation web cs1">Portugal; de), José Ferreira Borges de Castro (Visconde; Biker, Julio Firmino Judice; Estrangeiros, Portugal Ministério dos Negócios (19 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y9VVAAAAYAAJ&q=Collec%C3%A7%C3%A3o+dos+tratados,+conven%C3%A7%C3%B5es,+contratos+e+actos+publicos+1610&pg=PA3">"Supplemeto á Collecção dos tratados, convenções, contratos e actos publicos celebrados entre a corôa de Portugal e as mais potencias desde 1640"</a>. 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(2007). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/spainportugalref00grif_367"><i><span></span></i>Spain and Portugal:A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present<i><span></span></i></a></span>. 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Michigan: Kegan Paul. p. 201.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Popes%2C+from+the+Close+of+the+Middle+Ages&rft.place=Michigan&rft.pages=201&rft.pub=Kegan+Paul&rft.date=1952&rft.au=von+Pastor%2C+Ludwig+Freiherr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-es-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-es_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-es_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReal_Academia_Matritense_de_Heráldica_y_Genealogía2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía (2007). <i>Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía. Vol. X.</i> (in Spanish). Madrid: RAMHG. p. 330.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anales+de+la+Real+Academia+Matritense+de+Her%C3%A1ldica+y+Genealog%C3%ADa.+Vol.+X.&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pages=330&rft.pub=RAMHG&rft.date=2007&rft.au=Real+Academia+Matritense+de+Her%C3%A1ldica+y+Genealog%C3%ADa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSenatore,_Mar'a_Ximena2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Senatore, Mar'a Ximena (2007). <i>Arqueolog'a e historia en la colonia espa–ola de Floridablanca, Patagonia, siglo XVIII</i> (in Spanish). Madrid: Teseo. p. 149. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-987-1354-08-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-987-1354-08-5"><bdi>978-987-1354-08-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arqueolog%27a+e+historia+en+la+colonia+espa%E2%80%93ola+de+Floridablanca%2C+Patagonia%2C+siglo+XVIII&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pages=149&rft.pub=Teseo&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-987-1354-08-5&rft.au=Senatore%2C+Mar%27a+Ximena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReal_Academia_Matritense_de_Heráldica_y_Genealogía2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía (2007). <i>Anales de la Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía. Vol. X.</i> (in Spanish). Madrid: RAMHG. p. 332.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anales+de+la+Real+Academia+Matritense+de+Her%C3%A1ldica+y+Genealog%C3%ADa.+Vol.+X.&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pages=332&rft.pub=RAMHG&rft.date=2007&rft.au=Real+Academia+Matritense+de+Her%C3%A1ldica+y+Genealog%C3%ADa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalazón,_Juan_Manuel_Abascal2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Palazón, Juan Manuel Abascal (2010). <i>José Vargas Ponce (1760–1821) en la Real Academia de la Historia</i> (in Spanish). Madrid: Real Academia de la Historia. p. 54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-15069-00-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-15069-00-3"><bdi>978-84-15069-00-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jos%C3%A9+Vargas+Ponce+%281760%E2%80%931821%29+en+la+Real+Academia+de+la+Historia&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=Real+Academia+de+la+Historia&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-84-15069-00-3&rft.au=Palaz%C3%B3n%2C+Juan+Manuel+Abascal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-trinity-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-trinity_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-trinity_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHilt,_Douglas1987" class="citation book cs1">Hilt, Douglas (1987). <i>The Troubled Trinity: Godoy and the Spanish Monarchs</i>. Alabama: University of Alabama Press. p. 292. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8173-0320-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8173-0320-4"><bdi>978-0-8173-0320-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Troubled+Trinity%3A+Godoy+and+the+Spanish+Monarchs&rft.place=Alabama&rft.pages=292&rft.pub=University+of+Alabama+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-8173-0320-4&rft.au=Hilt%2C+Douglas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZavala,_José_María2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zavala, José María (2013). <i>La maldición de los Borbones</i> (in Spanish). Mexico: Random House Mondadori. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-01-34667-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-01-34667-5"><bdi>978-84-01-34667-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+maldici%C3%B3n+de+los+Borbones&rft.place=Mexico&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Random+House+Mondadori&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-84-01-34667-5&rft.au=Zavala%2C+Jos%C3%A9+Mar%C3%ADa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AINPAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA9"><i>Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans</i></a> [<i>Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living</i>] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genealogie+ascendante+jusqu%27au+quatrieme+degre+inclusivement+de+tous+les+Rois+et+Princes+de+maisons+souveraines+de+l%27Europe+actuellement+vivans&rft.place=Bourdeaux&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Frederic+Guillaume+Birnstiel&rft.date=1768&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAINPAAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Barbier, Jacques A. "Peninsular finance and colonial trade: The dilemma of Charles IV's Spain." Journal of Latin American Studies 12.1 (1980): 21–37.</li> <li>Gómez de Arteche. <i>Historia del Reinado de Carlos IV</i>, (5 vols.), in the <i>Historia General de España de la Real Academia de la Historia</i> (Madrid, 1892).</li> <li>Hamilton, Earl J. "Monetary problems in Spain and Spanish America 1751–1800." The Journal of Economic History 4.1 (1944): 21–48.</li> <li>Paquette, Gabriel B. <i>Enlightenment, governance, and reform in Spain and its empire, 1759–1808</i>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.</li> <li>Russell, Craig H. "Spain in the Enlightenment." <i>The Classical Era</i>. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 1989. 350–367.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Charles_IV_of_Spain" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Charles IV of Spain">Charles IV of Spain</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Charles IV. (King of Spain)"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Charles_IV._(King_of_Spain)">"Charles IV., king of Spain" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Charles+IV.%2C+king+of+Spain&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The American Cyclopædia (1879)/Charles IV. (Spain)"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_(1879)/Charles_IV._(Spain)">"Charles IV., king of Spain" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia" class="mw-redirect" title="The American Cyclopædia">The American Cyclopædia</a></i>. 1879.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Charles+IV.%2C+king+of+Spain&rft.btitle=The+American+Cyclop%C3%A6dia&rft.date=1879&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACharles+IV+of+Spain" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historiaantiqua.byethost8.com/paginas/Borbones.htm#CarlosIV">Historiaantiqua.</a> <i>Isabel II; (Spanish)</i> (2008)</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Charles IV of Spain </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a></b></div><div style="font-size:90%">Cadet branch of the <b><a href="/wiki/Capetian_dynasty" title="Capetian dynasty">Capetian dynasty</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> 11 November 1748</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> 20 January 1819</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_monarchs" title="List of Spanish monarchs">King of Spain</a> </b><br />1788–1808 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII" title="Ferdinand VII">Ferdinand VII</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #65BCFF"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_monarchs" title="List of Spanish monarchs">Spanish royalty</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Vacant</b><div style="font-size:90%">Title last held by</div><b><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VI_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VI of Spain">Ferdinand (VI)</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Asturias" title="Prince of Asturias">Prince of Asturias</a> </b><br />1759–1788 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Ferdinand (VII)</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Infantes_of_Spain" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Infantes_of_Spain" title="Template:Infantes of Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Infantes_of_Spain" title="Template talk:Infantes of Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Infantes_of_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Infantes of Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Infantes_of_Spain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Infante" title="Infante">Infantes of Spain</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>The generations indicate descent from <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Carlos I</a>, under whom the crowns of Castile and Aragon were united, forming the Kingdom of Spain. Previously, the title Infante had been largely used in the different realms.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Felipe II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlos,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Carlos, Prince of Asturias">Carlos, Prince of Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias">Fernando, Prince of Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Diego, Prince of Asturias">Diego, Prince of Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">Felipe III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Philip IV of Spain">Felipe IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Carlos_of_Spain_(1607%E2%80%931632)" title="Infante Carlos of Spain (1607–1632)">Infante Carlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal-Infante_Ferdinand_of_Austria" title="Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria">Infante Fernando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Alonso_of_Spain" title="Infante Alonso of Spain">Infante Alonso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">4th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balthasar_Charles,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias">Baltasar Carlos, Prince of Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Prospero,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Philip Prospero, Prince of Asturias">Felipe Próspero, Prince of Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_Spain" title="Charles II of Spain">Carlos II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>None</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>None</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">7th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_I_of_Spain" title="Louis I of Spain">Luis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Philip_of_Spain_(1712%E2%80%931719)" title="Infante Philip of Spain (1712–1719)">Infante Felipe Pedro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VI_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VI of Spain">Fernando VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Carlos III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip,_Duke_of_Parma" title="Philip, Duke of Parma">Felipe I, Duke of Parma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Luis_of_Spain" title="Infante Luis of Spain">Infante Luis, Count of Chinchón</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">8th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Philip,_Duke_of_Calabria" title="Infante Philip, Duke of Calabria">Infante Felipe, Duke of Calabria</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carlos IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies">Fernando I of the Two Sicilies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Gabriel_of_Spain" title="Infante Gabriel of Spain">Infante Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Antonio_Pascual_of_Spain" title="Infante Antonio Pascual of Spain">Infante Antonio Pascual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Francisco_Javier_of_Spain" title="Infante Francisco Javier of Spain">Infante Francisco Javier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Duke_of_Parma" title="Ferdinand I, Duke of Parma">Fernando I, Duke of Parma</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">9th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Fernando VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Carlos_Mar%C3%ADa_Isidro_of_Spain" title="Infante Carlos María Isidro of Spain">Infante Carlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Francisco_de_Paula_of_Spain" title="Infante Francisco de Paula of Spain">Infante Francisco de Paula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Pedro_Carlos_of_Spain_and_Portugal" title="Infante Pedro Carlos of Spain and Portugal">Infante Pedro Carlos, Infante of Portugal</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_I_of_Etruria" title="Louis I of Etruria">Luis I of Etruria</a><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Antoine,_Duke_of_Montpensier" title="Prince Antoine, Duke of Montpensier">Infante Antonio, Duke of Montpensier</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Luis_de_Borb%C3%B3n" title="Carlos Luis de Borbón">Infante Carlos, Count of Montemolin</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Juan,_Count_of_Montiz%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Infante Juan, Count of Montizón">Infante Juan, Count of Montizón</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Fernando_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Infante Fernando of Spain">Infante Fernando</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_As%C3%ADs,_Duke_of_C%C3%A1diz" title="Francisco de Asís, Duke of Cádiz">Francisco de Asís, King Consort of Spain</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Enrique,_Duke_of_Seville" title="Infante Enrique, Duke of Seville">Infante Enrique, Duke of Seville</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Sebasti%C3%A3o_of_Spain_and_Portugal" title="Infante Sebastião of Spain and Portugal">Infante Sebastián, Infante of Portugal</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II,_Duke_of_Parma" title="Charles II, Duke of Parma">Carlos II, Duke of Parma</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">11th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XII" title="Alfonso XII">Alfonso XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Gaetan,_Count_of_Girgenti" title="Prince Gaetan, Count of Girgenti">Infante Gaetan, Count of Girgenti</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Ludwig_Ferdinand_of_Bavaria" title="Prince Ludwig Ferdinand of Bavaria">Infante Luis Fernando</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Antonio,_Duke_of_Galliera" title="Infante Antonio, Duke of Galliera">Infante Antonio, Duke of Galliera</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III,_Duke_of_Parma" title="Charles III, Duke of Parma">Carlos III, Duke of Parma</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">12th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Carlos_of_Bourbon-Two_Sicilies" title="Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies">Infante Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Ferdinand_of_Bavaria" title="Prince Ferdinand of Bavaria">Infante Ferdinand of Bavaria</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Alfonso,_Duke_of_Galliera" title="Infante Alfonso, Duke of Galliera">Infante Alfonso, Duke of Galliera</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Luis_Fernando_of_Spain" title="Infante Luis Fernando of Spain">Infante Luis Fernando of Orléans</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_I,_Duke_of_Parma" title="Robert I, Duke of Parma">Roberto I, Duke of Parma</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">13th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso,_Prince_of_Asturias_(1907%E2%80%931938)" title="Alfonso, Prince of Asturias (1907–1938)">Alfonso, Prince of Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Jaime,_Duke_of_Segovia" title="Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia">Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Juan,_Count_of_Barcelona" title="Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona">Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Gonzalo_of_Spain" title="Infante Gonzalo of Spain">Infante Gonzalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Alfonso,_Duke_of_Calabria" title="Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria">Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_%C3%81lvaro,_Duke_of_Galliera" title="Infante Álvaro, Duke of Galliera">Infante Álvaro, Duke of Galliera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">14th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_I" title="Juan Carlos I">Juan Carlos I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Alfonso_of_Spain" title="Infante Alfonso of Spain">Infante Alfonso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Carlos,_Duke_of_Calabria" title="Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria">Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_VI" title="Felipe VI">Felipe VI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">16th generation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>None</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> <span class="wrap">title granted by Royal Decree</span></li> <li><sup>2</sup> <span class="wrap">consort to an Infanta naturalized as a Spanish Infante</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Princes_and_Princesses_of_Asturias" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Princes_of_Asturias" title="Template:Princes of Asturias"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Princes_of_Asturias" title="Template talk:Princes of Asturias"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Princes_of_Asturias" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Princes of Asturias"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Princes_and_Princesses_of_Asturias" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Asturias" title="Prince of Asturias">Princes and Princesses of Asturias</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_Castile" title="Henry III of Castile">Henry</a> <i>(1388–90)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_of_Castile,_Queen_of_Aragon" class="mw-redirect" title="Maria of Castile, Queen of Aragon">Maria</a> <i>(1402–05)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Castile" title="John II of Castile">John</a> <i>(1405–06)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Asturias" title="Catherine, Princess of Asturias">Catherine</a> <i>(1423–24)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor,_Princess_of_Asturias" title="Eleanor, Princess of Asturias">Eleanor</a> <i>(1424–25)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_Castile" title="Henry IV of Castile">Henry</a> <i>(1425–54)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanna_la_Beltraneja" title="Joanna la Beltraneja">Joanna</a> <i>(1462–64)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso,_Prince_of_Asturias_(1453%E2%80%931468)" title="Alfonso, Prince of Asturias (1453–1468)">Alfonso</a> <i>(1464–68)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella</a> <i>(1468–70)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Aragon,_Queen_of_Portugal" title="Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal">Isabella</a> <i>(1470–78)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="John, Prince of Asturias">John</a> <i>(1478–97)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_of_Aragon,_Queen_of_Portugal" title="Isabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal">Isabella</a> <i>(1497–98)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_da_Paz,_Prince_of_Portugal" title="Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal">Michael</a> <i>(1498–1500)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna</a> <i>(1502–04)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles</a> <i>(1504–16)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip</a> <i>(1527–56)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Carlos, Prince of Asturias">Charles</a> <i>(1556–68)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias">Ferdinand</a> <i>(1571–78)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Diego, Prince of Asturias">Diego</a> <i>(1578–82)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">Philip</a> <i>(1582–98)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Philip IV of Spain">Philip</a> <i>(1605–21)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balthasar_Charles,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias">Balthasar Charles</a> <i>(1629–1646)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Prospero,_Prince_of_Asturias" title="Philip Prospero, Prince of Asturias">Philip Prospero</a> <i>(1657–1661)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_Spain" title="Charles II of Spain">Charles</a> <i>(1661–1665)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_I_of_Spain" title="Louis I of Spain">Louis</a> <i>(1709–24)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VI_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VI of Spain">Ferdinand</a> <i>(1724–46)</i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Charles</a> <i>(1759–88)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferdinand VII of Spain">Ferdinand</a> <i>(1788–1808)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_II" title="Isabella II">Isabella</a> <i>(1830–33)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infanta_Isabel,_Countess_of_Girgenti" title="Infanta Isabel, Countess of Girgenti">Isabella</a> <i>(1851–57)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XII" title="Alfonso XII">Alfonso</a> <i>(1857–68)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuele_Filiberto,_2nd_Duke_of_Aosta" class="mw-redirect" title="Emanuele Filiberto, 2nd Duke of Aosta">Emanuele Filiberto</a> <i>(1871–73)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infanta_Isabel,_Countess_of_Girgenti" title="Infanta Isabel, Countess of Girgenti">Isabella</a> <i>(1875–80)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_de_las_Mercedes,_Princess_of_Asturias" title="María de las Mercedes, Princess of Asturias">Mercedes</a> <i>(1881–1904)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso,_Prince_of_Asturias_(1907%E2%80%931938)" title="Alfonso, Prince of Asturias (1907–1938)">Alfonso</a> <i>(1907–38)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_VI" title="Felipe VI">Felipe</a> <i>(1977–2014)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonor,_Princess_of_Asturias" title="Leonor, Princess of Asturias">Leonor</a> <i>(2014– )</i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Leonor%2C_Princess_of_Asturias.svg/75px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Leonor%2C_Princess_of_Asturias.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Leonor%2C_Princess_of_Asturias.svg/113px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Leonor%2C_Princess_of_Asturias.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Leonor%2C_Princess_of_Asturias.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Leonor%2C_Princess_of_Asturias.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="963" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchs_of_Spain" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_Spain" title="Template:Monarchs of Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_Spain" title="Template talk:Monarchs of Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Spain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Monarchs_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarchs of Spain">Monarchs of Spain</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_monarchs" title="List of Spanish monarchs">List of monarchs</a> | <a href="/wiki/Monarchs_of_Spain_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarchs of Spain family tree">Monarchs' family tree</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dynastic_union" title="Dynastic union">Dynastic union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella I</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joanna</a> & <a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip I</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Escudo de armas del monarca de España"><img alt="Escudo de armas del monarca de España" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg/33px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg/50px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg/66px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="633" data-file-height="952" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Personal_union" title="Personal union">Personal union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">Philip III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Philip IV of Spain">Philip IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_Spain" title="Charles II of Spain">Charles II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Real_union" title="Real union">Real union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Spain" title="Philip V of Spain">Philip V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_I_of_Spain" title="Louis I of Spain">Louis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Spain" title="Philip V of Spain">Philip V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VI" title="Ferdinand VI">Ferdinand VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles III</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Charles IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bonaparte" title="Joseph Bonaparte">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII" title="Ferdinand VII">Ferdinand VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_II" title="Isabella II">Isabella II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeo_I_of_Spain" title="Amadeo I of Spain">Amadeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XII" title="Alfonso XII">Alfonso XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII" title="Alfonso XIII">Alfonso XIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_I" title="Juan Carlos I">Juan Carlos I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_VI" title="Felipe VI">Felipe VI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarchs_of_Navarre" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Navarrese_monarchs" title="Template:Navarrese monarchs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Navarrese_monarchs" title="Template talk:Navarrese monarchs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Navarrese_monarchs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Navarrese monarchs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Navarre" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Navarrese_monarchs" title="List of Navarrese monarchs">Monarchs</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Navarre</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House of Íñiguez</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8D%C3%B1igo_Arista_of_Pamplona" class="mw-redirect" title="Íñigo Arista of Pamplona">Íñigo Arista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_%C3%8D%C3%B1iguez_of_Pamplona" class="mw-redirect" title="García Íñiguez of Pamplona">García Íñiguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort%C3%BAn_Garc%C3%A9s_of_Pamplona" title="Fortún Garcés of Pamplona">Fortún Garcés</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jim%C3%A9nez_dynasty" title="Jiménez dynasty">House of Jiménez</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_I_of_Pamplona" title="Sancho I of Pamplona">Sancho I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimeno_Garc%C3%A9s_of_Pamplona" class="mw-redirect" title="Jimeno Garcés of Pamplona">Jimeno Garcés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_S%C3%A1nchez_I_of_Pamplona" title="García Sánchez I of Pamplona">García Sánchez I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_II_of_Pamplona" title="Sancho II of Pamplona">Sancho II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_S%C3%A1nchez_II_of_Pamplona" title="García Sánchez II of Pamplona">García Sánchez II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_III_of_Pamplona" title="Sancho III of Pamplona">Sancho III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_S%C3%A1nchez_III_of_Pamplona" title="García Sánchez III of Pamplona">García Sánchez III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_IV_of_Pamplona" title="Sancho IV of Pamplona">Sancho IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Sancho Ramírez">Sancho V</a><sup>A</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_I_of_Aragon_and_Pamplona" title="Peter I of Aragon and Pamplona">Peter I</a><sup>A</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_the_Battler" title="Alfonso the Battler">Alfonso I</a><sup>A</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_Ram%C3%ADrez_of_Navarre" title="García Ramírez of Navarre">García Ramírez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_VI_of_Navarre" title="Sancho VI of Navarre">Sancho VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancho_VII_of_Navarre" title="Sancho VII of Navarre">Sancho VII</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Count_of_Champagne" title="Count of Champagne">House of Champagne</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theobald_I_of_Navarre" title="Theobald I of Navarre">Theobald I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theobald_II_of_Navarre" title="Theobald II of Navarre">Theobald II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_I_of_Navarre" title="Henry I of Navarre">Henry I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_I_of_Navarre" title="Joan I of Navarre">Joan I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Capet" title="House of Capet">House of Capet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip I</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_X_of_France" title="Louis X of France">Louis I</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_France" title="John I of France">John I</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_France" title="Philip V of France">Philip II</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IV_of_France" title="Charles IV of France">Charles I</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_II_of_Navarre" title="Joan II of Navarre">Joan II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_%C3%89vreux" title="House of Évreux">House of Évreux</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Navarre" title="Philip III of Navarre">Philip III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_Navarre" title="Charles II of Navarre">Charles II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Navarre" title="Charles III of Navarre">Charles III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanche_I_of_Navarre" title="Blanche I of Navarre">Blanche I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Trast%C3%A1mara" title="House of Trastámara">House of Trastámara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Aragon" title="John II of Aragon">John II</a><sup>A</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Prince_of_Viana" title="Charles, Prince of Viana">Charles IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blanche_II_of_Navarre" title="Blanche II of Navarre">Blanche II</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Navarre" title="Eleanor of Navarre">Eleanor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Count_of_Foix" title="Count of Foix">House of Foix</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Phoebus" title="Francis Phoebus">Francis Phoebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Navarre" title="Catherine of Navarre">Catherine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Albret" title="Albret">House of Albret</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_III_of_Navarre" title="John III of Navarre">John III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Albret" title="Albret">House of Albret</a> - Lower Navarre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_Navarre" title="Henry II of Navarre">Henry II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_d%27Albret" title="Jeanne d'Albret">Joan III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> - Lower Navarre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_of_Navarre" title="Antoine of Navarre">Antoine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry III</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">Louis II</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis III</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis IV</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis V</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis VI</a><sup>F</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles V</a><sup>F</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Trast%C3%A1mara" title="House of Trastámara">House of Trastámara</a> - Upper Navarre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon" title="Ferdinand II of Aragon">Ferdinand I</a><sup>A</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile" title="Joanna of Castile">Joan III</a><sup>S</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a> - Upper Navarre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles IV</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip IV</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Spain" title="Philip III of Spain">Philip V</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Philip IV of Spain">Philip VI</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_Spain" title="Charles II of Spain">Charles V</a><sup>S</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> - Upper Navarre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Spain" title="Philip V of Spain">Philip VII</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_I_of_Spain" title="Louis I of Spain">Louis II</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VI" title="Ferdinand VI">Ferdinand II</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles VI</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Charles VII</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_VII" title="Ferdinand VII">Ferdinand III</a><sup>S</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_II" title="Isabella II">Isabella I</a><sup>S</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>A</sup>Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Aragonese_monarchs" title="List of Aragonese monarchs">King of Aragon</a>. <sup>F</sup>Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_monarchs" title="List of French monarchs">King of France</a>. <sup>S</sup>Also <a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_monarchs" title="List of Spanish monarchs">King/Queen of Spain</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bourbons_of_Naples_and_Sicily" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bourbons_of_Naples_and_Sicily_(1735%E2%80%931816)" title="Template:Bourbons of Naples and Sicily (1735–1816)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bourbons_of_Naples_and_Sicily_(1735%E2%80%931816)" title="Template talk:Bourbons of Naples and Sicily (1735–1816)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bourbons_of_Naples_and_Sicily_(1735%E2%80%931816)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bourbons of Naples and Sicily (1735–1816)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bourbons_of_Naples_and_Sicily" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">Bourbons of Naples and Sicily</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Charles_VII" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_of_Spain" title="Charles III of Spain">Charles VII</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;text-align:left;">Spouse(s)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Amalia_of_Saxony" title="Maria Amalia of Saxony">Princess Maria Amalia of Saxony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;text-align:left;">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Maria_Isabel_Ana_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Princess Maria Isabel Ana of Naples and Sicily">Princess Maria Isabel Ana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infanta_Mar%C3%ADa_Josefa_of_Spain" title="Infanta María Josefa of Spain">Princess María Josefa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Luisa_of_Spain" title="Maria Luisa of Spain">Maria Luisa, Holy Roman Empress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Philip,_Duke_of_Calabria" title="Infante Philip, Duke of Calabria">Prince Felipe, Duke of Calabria</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Charles IV of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies">Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Gabriel_of_Spain" title="Infante Gabriel of Spain">Prince Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Antonio_Pascual_of_Spain" title="Infante Antonio Pascual of Spain">Prince Antonio Pascual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infante_Francisco_Javier_of_Spain" title="Infante Francisco Javier of Spain">Prince Francisco Javier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies_(1816).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies_%281816%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies_%281816%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies_%281816%29.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies_%281816%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies_%281816%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies_%281816%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ferdinand_IV" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies">Ferdinand IV</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;line-height:1.3em; text-align:left;">Spouse(s)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Carolina_of_Austria" title="Maria Carolina of Austria">Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucia_Migliaccio" title="Lucia Migliaccio">Lucia Migliaccio of Floridia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.75em;line-height:1.3em; text-align:left;">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Theresa_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily">Maria Teresa, Holy Roman Empress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Luisa_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily">Luisa, Grand Duchess of Tuscany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo,_Duke_of_Calabria" title="Carlo, Duke of Calabria">Carlo, Duke of Calabria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Anna_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Maria Anna of Naples and Sicily">Princess Maria Anna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Francis I of the Two Sicilies">Francis I of the Two Sicilies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Cristina_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Maria Cristina of Naples and Sicily">Maria Christina, Queen of Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Gennaro_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Prince Gennaro of Naples and Sicily">Prince Gennaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Giuseppe_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Prince Giuseppe of Naples and Sicily">Prince Giuseppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Amalia_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily">Maria Amalia, Queen of the French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Maria_Antonia_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Princess Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily">Maria Antonia, Princess of Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Clotilde_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Maria Clotilde of Naples and Sicily">Princess Maria Clothilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Henrietta_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Maria Henrietta of Naples and Sicily">Princess Maria Enrichetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold,_Prince_of_Salerno" title="Leopold, Prince of Salerno">Prince Leopold, Prince of Salerno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Alberto_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Prince Alberto of Naples and Sicily">Prince Alberto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Maria_Isabella_of_Naples_and_Sicily" title="Princess Maria Isabella of Naples and Sicily">Princess Maria Isabella</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><small>See also: <i><a href="/wiki/Template:Princes_of_the_Two_Sicilies" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Princes of the Two Sicilies">Princes</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Template:Princesses_of_the_Two_Sicilies" title="Template:Princesses of the Two Sicilies">Princesses of the Two Sicilies</a></i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183226#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183226#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183226#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000382452424">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/265189481">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/95843/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvCQ9kMxJWfFYXtR8Rh73">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118776800">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82097461">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12384647w">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12384647w">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Carlos IV <re di Spagna>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/PARV318536">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jx20050222004&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1725384">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p121205800">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90554255">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000124622">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=100545">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/vs68943d152kqwq">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9811288155605606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/95433">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007335511805171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058511696206706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500122383">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118776800.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118776800">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/088343146">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10568947">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w60h49bq">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/49472">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/30055805">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&oldid=1259316555">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charles_IV_of_Spain&oldid=1259316555</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Charles_IV_of_Spain" title="Category:Charles IV of Spain">Charles IV of Spain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1748_births" title="Category:1748 births">1748 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1819_deaths" title="Category:1819 deaths">1819 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:18th-century_Spanish_monarchs" title="Category:18th-century Spanish monarchs">18th-century Spanish monarchs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th-century_Spanish_monarchs" title="Category:19th-century Spanish monarchs">19th-century Spanish monarchs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:18th-century_Navarrese_monarchs" title="Category:18th-century Navarrese monarchs">18th-century Navarrese monarchs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th-century_Navarrese_monarchs" title="Category:19th-century Navarrese monarchs">19th-century Navarrese monarchs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Princes_of_Asturias" title="Category:Princes of Asturias">Princes of Asturias</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:House_of_Bourbon_(Spain)" title="Category:House of Bourbon (Spain)">House of Bourbon (Spain)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Portici" title="Category:People from Portici">People from Portici</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Knights_of_Santiago" title="Category:Knights of Santiago">Knights of Santiago</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Knights_of_the_Golden_Fleece_of_Spain" title="Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain">Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain</a></li><li><a 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