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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Životopis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Životopis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Životopis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Životopis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Životopis</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Životopis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rani_pokusi_s_parom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rani_pokusi_s_parom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Rani pokusi s parom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rani_pokusi_s_parom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prvi_parni_strojevi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prvi_parni_strojevi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Prvi parni strojevi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prvi_parni_strojevi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stroj_za_kopiranje_i_druge_inovacije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stroj_za_kopiranje_i_druge_inovacije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Stroj za kopiranje i druge inovacije</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stroj_za_kopiranje_i_druge_inovacije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Starost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Starost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Starost</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Starost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parni_stroj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parni_stroj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Parni stroj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parni_stroj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">James Watt</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 139 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-139" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">139 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – švicarski njemački" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="švicarski njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%84%E1%88%9D%E1%88%B5_%E1%8B%8B%E1%89%B5" title="ጄምስ ዋት – amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጄምስ ዋት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – aragonski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jemis_Watt" title="Jemis Watt – obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Jemis Watt" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B7" title="جيمس واط – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جيمس واط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جيمس وات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيمس وات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E2%80%99%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D_%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F" title="জে’মচ্ ৱাট – asamski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জে’মচ্ ৱাট" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceyms_Vatt" title="Ceyms Vatt – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ceyms Vatt" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جئیمز وات – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جئیمز وات" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobri članak"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%A3%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82" title="Джеймс Уатт – baškirski" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Джеймс Уатт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – balijski" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEeimsos_Vats" title="Džeimsos Vats – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Džeimsos Vats" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Джэймс Ват – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джэймс Ват" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B7_%D0%8E%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Джэймз Ўат – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джэймз Ўат" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%A3%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Джеймс Уат – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джеймс Уат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F" title="জেমস ওয়াট – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জেমস ওয়াট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – bretonski" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%A3%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82" title="Джеймс Уатт – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Джеймс Уатт" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Уатт, Джеймс – čečenski" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Уатт, Джеймс" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%95%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جەیمز وات – soranski kurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="جەیمز وات" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranski kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Уатт Джеймс – čuvaški" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Уатт Джеймс" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%AD%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%84" title="Τζέιμς Βατ – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τζέιμς Βατ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جیمز وات – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جیمز وات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – sjevernofrizijski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="sjevernofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – zapadnofrizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadnofrizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – škotski gaelski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotski gaelski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – gvaranski" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaranski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A1_%D7%95%D7%90%D7%98" title="ג'יימס ואט – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'יימס ואט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F" title="जेम्स वाट – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जेम्स वाट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – haićanski kreolski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haićanski kreolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B4%D5%BD_%D5%88%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%BF" title="Ջեյմս Ուատտ – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջեյմս Ուատտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – interligua" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interligua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobri članak"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AF%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="ジェームズ・ワット – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジェームズ・ワット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%96_%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ჯეიმზ ვატი – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯეიმზ ვატი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%A3%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82" title="Джеймс Уатт – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Джеймс Уатт" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D" title="ಜೇಮ್ಸ್ ವ್ಯಾಟ್ – karnatački" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜೇಮ್ಸ್ ವ್ಯಾಟ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="karnatački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9E%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%99%80%ED%8A%B8" title="제임스 와트 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제임스 와트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – kornski" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iacobus_Watt" title="Iacobus Watt – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iacobus Watt" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – luksemburški" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – limburški" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEeimss_Vats" title="Džeimss Vats – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džeimss Vats" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F" title="जेम्स वाट – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जेम्स वाट" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – malgaški" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Џејмс Ват – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Џејмс Ват" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D" title="ജെയിംസ് വാട്ട് – malajalamski" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജെയിംസ് വാട്ട്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82" title="Жэймс Ватт – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Жэймс Ватт" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%9F" title="जेम्स वॅट – marathski" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जेम्स वॅट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%9D%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="ဂျိမ်းစ် ဝပ် – burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျိမ်းစ် ဝပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – donjosaksonski" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="donjosaksonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F" title="जेम्स वाट – nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जेम्स वाट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobri članak"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – okcitanski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%AC%B8_%E0%AD%B1%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9F" title="ଜେମ୍‌ସ ୱାଟ – orijski" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଜେମ୍‌ସ ୱାଟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="orijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F" title="ਜੇਮਜ਼ ਵਾਟ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜੇਮਜ਼ ਵਾਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%B9" title="جیمز واٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جیمز واٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%90%D9%85%D8%B2_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%BC" title="جېمز واټ – paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جېمز واټ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – kečuanski" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Уатт, Джеймс – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уатт, Джеймс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82" title="Джеймс Ватт – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Джеймс Ватт" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A5_%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B4" title="ᱡᱮᱢᱥ ᱣᱟᱴ – santalski" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱮᱢᱥ ᱣᱟᱴ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhejms_Watt" title="Xhejms Watt – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Xhejms Watt" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Џејмс Ват – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џејмс Ват" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – sundanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canmuse.wate" title="Canmuse.wate – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Canmuse.wate" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D" title="ஜேம்ஸ் வாட் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜேம்ஸ் வாட்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D" title="జేమ్స్ వాట్ – teluški" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జేమ్స్ వాట్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="teluški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="เจมส์ วัตต์ – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เจมส์ วัตต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uatt_%C5%BDe%C3%BDms" title="Uatt Žeýms – turkmenski" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Uatt Žeýms" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceyms_Watt" title="Ceyms Watt – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ceyms Watt" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Уатт, Джеймс – tuvinski" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Уатт, Джеймс" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82" title="Джеймс Ватт – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джеймс Ватт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%B9" title="جیمز واٹ – urdski" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جیمز واٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uatt_D%C5%BEeims" title="Uatt Džeims – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Uatt Džeims" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9" title="詹姆斯·瓦特 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="詹姆斯·瓦特" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%96_%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ჯეიმზ ვატი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯეიმზ ვატი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A1_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%98" title="זשיימס וואט – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="זשיימס וואט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – jorupski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorupski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9" title="詹姆斯·瓦特 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="詹姆斯·瓦特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9" title="瓦特 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="瓦特" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt" title="James Watt – min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="James Watt" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" 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Kliknite ovdje za više informacija."><img alt="Ovo je izdvojeni članak – kolovoz 2019. Kliknite ovdje za više informacija." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hr" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox" style="width:25em; font-size:90%; text-align:left;" cellspacing="2"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:larger; background-color:#e8e8ff; color:#000000;"><b>James Watt</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:James_Watt_by_Henry_Howard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/James_Watt_by_Henry_Howard.jpg/200px-James_Watt_by_Henry_Howard.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/James_Watt_by_Henry_Howard.jpg/300px-James_Watt_by_Henry_Howard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/James_Watt_by_Henry_Howard.jpg/400px-James_Watt_by_Henry_Howard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3056" /></a></span><br /></td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #DDDDDD;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Rođenje </th> <td><a href="/wiki/19._sije%C4%8Dnja" title="19. siječnja">19. siječnja</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Znanost_u_1736.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Znanost u 1736. (stranica ne postoji)">1736</a>.<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenock (stranica ne postoji)">Greenock</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inverclyde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inverclyde (stranica ne postoji)">Inverclyde</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kotska" title="Škotska">Škotska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ujedinjeno_Kraljevstvo" title="Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo">Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Smrt </th> <td><a href="/wiki/19._kolovoza" title="19. kolovoza">19. kolovoza</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Znanost_u_1819.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Znanost u 1819. (stranica ne postoji)">1819</a>.<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Handsworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Handsworth (stranica ne postoji)">Handsworth</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Midlands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Midlands (stranica ne postoji)">West Midlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ujedinjeno_Kraljevstvo" title="Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo">Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Državljanstvo </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koti" title="Škoti">Škot</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Polje </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Strojarstvo" title="Strojarstvo">strojarstvo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Institucija </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Sveu%C4%8Dili%C5%A1te_u_Glasgowu" title="Sveučilište u Glasgowu">Sveučilište u Glasgowu</a> <br /> Tvrtka <i>Boulton & Watt</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Poznat po </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Parni_stroj" title="Parni stroj">parni stroj</a> <br /> Odvojeni <a href="/wiki/Parni_kondenzator" title="Parni kondenzator">parni kondenzator</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Planetarni_prijenos" title="Planetarni prijenos">planetarni prijenos</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Centrifugalni_regulator" title="Centrifugalni regulator">centrifugalni regulator</a> <br /> parni <a href="/wiki/Indikator" class="mw-disambig" title="Indikator">indikator</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Konjska_snaga" title="Konjska snaga">konjska snaga</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#e8e8ff; padding-top:3px;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%C5%BDivotopis" title="Portal:Životopis">Portal o životopisima</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:SteamEngine_Boulton%26Watt_1784.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/SteamEngine_Boulton%26Watt_1784.png/300px-SteamEngine_Boulton%26Watt_1784.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="343" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/SteamEngine_Boulton%26Watt_1784.png/450px-SteamEngine_Boulton%26Watt_1784.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/SteamEngine_Boulton%26Watt_1784.png/600px-SteamEngine_Boulton%26Watt_1784.png 2x" data-file-width="2264" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Crtež iz 1774., koji prikazuje <a href="/wiki/Parni_stroj" title="Parni stroj">parni stroj</a> konstruiran u tvrtki “Boulton & Watt”.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Watts_First_Condenser.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Watts_First_Condenser.jpg/300px-Watts_First_Condenser.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="529" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Watts_First_Condenser.jpg/450px-Watts_First_Condenser.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Watts_First_Condenser.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="1058" /></a><figcaption>Originalni <a href="/wiki/Parni_kondenzator" title="Parni kondenzator">parni kondenzator</a> koji je napravio James Watt.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Sun_and_planet_gears.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Sun_and_planet_gears.gif" decoding="async" width="278" height="313" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="313" /></a><figcaption>Prikaz <a href="/wiki/Planetarni_prijenos" title="Planetarni prijenos">planetarnog prijenosnika</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Boulton_and_Watt_centrifugal_governor-MJ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Boulton_and_Watt_centrifugal_governor-MJ.jpg/300px-Boulton_and_Watt_centrifugal_governor-MJ.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Boulton_and_Watt_centrifugal_governor-MJ.jpg/450px-Boulton_and_Watt_centrifugal_governor-MJ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Boulton_and_Watt_centrifugal_governor-MJ.jpg/600px-Boulton_and_Watt_centrifugal_governor-MJ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Regulator pare s kuglicama (<a href="/wiki/Centrifugalna_sila" title="Centrifugalna sila">centrifugalni</a> regulator).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:20070616_Dampfmaschine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/20070616_Dampfmaschine.jpg/300px-20070616_Dampfmaschine.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/20070616_Dampfmaschine.jpg/450px-20070616_Dampfmaschine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/20070616_Dampfmaschine.jpg/600px-20070616_Dampfmaschine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2430" data-file-height="1992" /></a><figcaption>James Wattov <a href="/wiki/Parni_stroj" title="Parni stroj">parni stroj</a> iz 1848.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>James Watt</b> (Greenock, Škotska, <a href="/wiki/19._sije%C4%8Dnja" title="19. siječnja">19. siječnja</a> <a href="/wiki/1736." title="1736.">1736.</a> – Heathfield kraj <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birminghama</a>, <a href="/wiki/19._kolovoza" title="19. kolovoza">19. kolovoza</a> <a href="/wiki/1819." title="1819.">1819.</a>), <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kotska" title="Škotska">škotski</a> <a href="/wiki/Izumitelj" title="Izumitelj">izumitelj</a> i <a href="/wiki/In%C5%BEenjer" title="Inženjer">inženjer</a>. Radio u radionici za popravak <a href="/wiki/Mjerni_instrument" title="Mjerni instrument">mjernih instrumenata</a> i uređaja na Sveučilištu u <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgowu</a>. Popravljajući <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newcomen" title="Thomas Newcomen">Newcomenov parni stroj</a>, na kojem se <a href="/wiki/Kondenzacija" title="Kondenzacija">kondenzacija</a> <a href="/wiki/Vodena_para" title="Vodena para">vodene pare</a> provodila uštrcavanjem rashladne vode u parni <a href="/wiki/Cilindar" class="mw-disambig" title="Cilindar">cilindar</a>, došao je na ideju o njegovu unaprjeđenju. Mnogobrojnim <a href="/wiki/Pokus" title="Pokus">pokusima</a> i primjenom napretka <a href="/wiki/Tehnologija" title="Tehnologija">tehnologije</a> onoga doba, uspio je usavršiti konstrukciju <a href="/wiki/Parni_stroj" title="Parni stroj">parnoga stroja</a> tako da je njegov stroj uskoro postao glavni pokretač <a href="/wiki/Industrijska_revolucija" title="Industrijska revolucija">industrijske revolucije</a>. Sustavnim proučavanjem svojstava vodene pare kao radnoga medija, najprije je stvorio osnovu za svoje buduće izume. Godine 1765. dogradio je posebni <a href="/wiki/Parni_kondenzator" title="Parni kondenzator">parni kondenzator</a> za kondenzaciju pare izvan cilindra te izolirao cilindar kako bi smanjio gubitak <a href="/wiki/Toplina" title="Toplina">topline</a>, a 1782. konstruirao je i dvoradnu izvedbu stroja, u kojoj se <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlak</a> pare rabi i za vraćanje <a href="/wiki/Stap" title="Stap">stapa</a> u početni položaj. Time je postigao veću <a href="/wiki/Snaga" title="Snaga">snagu</a> po cilindru i jednoličniji <a href="/wiki/Rad_(fizika)" title="Rad (fizika)">rad</a>, koji je dalje poboljšao ugradnjom <a href="/wiki/Zama%C5%A1njak" title="Zamašnjak">zamašnjaka</a>. Za pretvaranje pravocrtnoga u kružno gibanje uveo je <a href="/wiki/Planetarni_prijenos" title="Planetarni prijenos">planetarni mehanički prijenos</a>, iako je već bio poznat i stapni mehanizam s ojnicom (<a href="/wiki/Stapni_i_klipni_strojevi" title="Stapni i klipni strojevi">stapni i klipni strojevi</a>), no njegova je primjena bila zaštićena <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patentom</a>. Prvi je za parne strojeve primijenio <a href="/wiki/Centrifugalna_sila" title="Centrifugalna sila">centrifugalni</a> regulator <a href="/wiki/Brzina" title="Brzina">brzine</a> <a href="/wiki/Vrtnja" title="Vrtnja">vrtnje</a>, koji se već prije upotrebljavao na <a href="/wiki/Vjetrenja%C4%8Da" title="Vjetrenjača">vjetrenjačama</a>. Kako bi mogao pratiti zbivanja u cilindru, konstruirao je <a href="/wiki/Indikator" class="mw-disambig" title="Indikator">indikator</a>, s pomoću kojega je pratio promjenu <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlaka</a> u cilindru ovisno o kretanju stapa. Uveo je i <a href="/wiki/Konjska_snaga" title="Konjska snaga">konjsku snagu</a> kao jedinicu za mjerenje snage, a ona je poslije normirana. Zajedno s engleskim inženjerom i poduzetnikom Matthewom Boultonom (1728. – 1809.) izradio je prvi parni stroj koji je primijenjen u nekom proizvodnom pogonu, a 1782. osnovao je u Sohu kraj Birminghama prvu tvornicu parnih strojeva u svijetu <i>Boulton & Watt</i>, u kojoj je počeo proizvoditi i strojeve sa stapnim mehanizmom.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mjerna_jedinica" title="Mjerna jedinica">Mjerna jedinica</a> snage dobila je, njemu u čast, oznaku <a href="/wiki/Vat" title="Vat">vat</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Životopis"><span id=".C5.BDivotopis"></span>Životopis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Životopis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Životopis"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>James Watt je rođen 19. siječnja 1736. u mjestu Greenock, maloj morskoj luci u <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kotska" title="Škotska">Škotskoj</a>. Otac mu se bavio <a href="/wiki/Brodogradnja" title="Brodogradnja">brodogradnjom</a>, bio je vlasnik brodova i državni službenik. Njegova majka je bila vrlo obrazovana. Njegov djed je bio učitelj <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematike</a>. U početku, James Watt nije išao redovito u školu, već je imao <a href="/wiki/Ku%C4%87no_obrazovanje" title="Kućno obrazovanje">kućno obrazovanje</a> s majkom. Tek kasnije se upisao u srednju školu, gdje je pokazao svoju spretnost, inženjerske vještine i sklonost prema matematici.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kad je imao 18 godina, majka mu je umrla, a otac je bio bolestan. Odlazi na godinu dana u <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, da studira izradu <a href="/wiki/Mjerni_instrument" title="Mjerni instrument">mjernih instrumenata</a>. Nakon godinu dana se vraća u Škotsku, gdje se preselio u <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, u namjeri da otvori malu radionicu za izradu mjernih instrumenata. Zajednica obrtnika mu to nije dozvolila, jer po zakonu je trebao prvo raditi sedam godina kao naučnik, iako u cijeloj Škotskoj nije postojala radionica te vrste.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>James Watt je tada bio u bezizlaznoj situaciji, ali srećom u to vrijeme, u Univerzitet u Glasgowu dolaze <a href="/wiki/Astronomski_instrumenti" title="Astronomski instrumenti">astronomski instrumenti</a>, koji su trebali neke popravke. Nakon što ih je uspješno ugradio, profesori mu nude da otvori malu radionicu u sklopu Univerziteta, što je James i prihvatio. </p><p>1764. James Watt se oženio s Margaret Miller i imali su petoro djece. 1772. njegova žena umire kod poroda, a 1777. se ponovo oženio, s Ann MacGregor, pa su imali još dvoje djece. Između 1777. i 1790. su živjeli u <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birminghamu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Za Jamesa Watta je bilo značajno da je uspijevao znanstvena dostignuća pretvoriti u praktična rješenja. On nije bio samo <a href="/wiki/Strojarstvo" title="Strojarstvo">strojarski</a> inženjer, bavio se dosta i s <a href="/wiki/Kemija" title="Kemija">kemijom</a>. Kao poslovan čovjek nije bio baš uspješan, mrzio je cjenkanje i dugotrajna pregovaranja i tek pred kraj svog radnog vijeka, uspio se riješiti financijskih problema. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rani_pokusi_s_parom">Rani pokusi s parom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Rani pokusi s parom" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Rani pokusi s parom"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nakon četiri godine rada na Sveučilištu u Glasgowu, James Watt je dobio priliku da radi pokuse s parom. U početku nije imao uspjeha, ali zbog svoje upornosti je nastavio. Otkrio je veliki značaj <a href="/wiki/Isparavanje" title="Isparavanje">topline isparavanja</a> za parne procese. Na Sveučilištu su imali i <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Newcomen" title="Thomas Newcomen">Newcomenov</a> parni stroj, koji je on uspješno popravio 1763. Taj stroj je jedva radio, jer je oko 80% topline trošio na zagrijavanje cilindra, koji bi se zatim hladio s hladnom vodom, koja bi se ubrizgavala u cilindar – a onda bi se postupak ponavljao. Prva ideja mu je bila da kondenzira <a href="/wiki/Para" title="Para">paru</a> u odvojenom spremniku, tako da bi cilindar mogao lakše ostati zagrijan, s istom temperaturom kao ubrizgana <a href="/wiki/Vodena_para" title="Vodena para">vodena para</a>. Prvi svoj model je napravio 1765. </p><p>Iako je prvi model bio poboljšan u odnosu na Newcomenov parni stroj, još je bilo dosta problema u njegovom radu. Jedan od problema je bila i <a href="/wiki/Strojna_obrada" title="Strojna obrada">strojna obrada</a> <a href="/wiki/Klip" class="mw-disambig" title="Klip">klipa</a> i cilindra, budući su u izradi sudjelovali <a href="/wiki/Kova%C4%8D" title="Kovač">kovači</a>, koji nisu bili u stanju izraditi tako precizne dijelove. Kako nije imao dosta sredstava za usavršavanje svoga modela, zaposlio se prvo kao geometar, a zatim je radio 8 godina kao građevinski inženjer.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kasnije se Watt povezao s Matthewom Boultonom i zajedno 1774. otvorili tvornicu “Boulton & Watt” i krenuli u proizvodnju parnih strojeva. Imao je na raspolaganju nekoliko najboljih radnika sa željezom u to vrijeme, koji su znali bušiti cijevi za topove, što su iskoristili za izradu uskih mehaničkih <a href="/wiki/Tolerancija_du%C5%BEinskih_mjera" title="Tolerancija dužinskih mjera">tolerancija</a> između klipa i cilindra. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prvi_parni_strojevi">Prvi parni strojevi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Prvi parni strojevi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Prvi parni strojevi"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Konačno, 1776. prvi Wattov parni stroj je ugrađen i upotrijebljen u tržišne svrhe. Narudžbe su uskoro pristizale i sljedećih pet godina znatan broj strojeva je ugrađen u <a href="/wiki/Rudnik" title="Rudnik">rudnicima</a> u <a href="/wiki/Cornwall" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornwall">Cornwallu</a>, za <a href="/wiki/Sisaljka" title="Sisaljka">pumpanje vode</a> iz rudnika. </p><p>Prvi Wattovi parni strojevi su bili veliki, cilindar je imao promjer od 1,25 <a href="/wiki/Metar" title="Metar">metara</a>, a visoki su bili oko 7,3 metra, tako da su imali kućište otprilike kao jedna manja zgrada. Ipak su bili uspješni, jer su rudnici uspjeli povećati produktivnost oko 30%. Primjena se proširila na brušenje, tkanje i mljevenje. </p><p>Iako je za Wattov parni stroj, koljenčasta osovina bila logično rješenje za pretvaranje kružnog gibanja u pravocrtno (kao na <a href="/wiki/Motor_s_unutarnjim_izgaranjem" title="Motor s unutarnjim izgaranjem">motorima s unutrašnjim izgaranjem</a>), vlasnici patenta za parni stroj, su prisilili Watta da promijeni konstrukciju. 1781. James Watt uspijeva to riješiti s <a href="/wiki/Planetarni_prijenos" title="Planetarni prijenos">planetarnim prijenosnikom</a>, koji je kasnije našao znatnu primjenu kod <a href="/wiki/Parna_lokomotiva" title="Parna lokomotiva">parnih lokomotiva</a>. </p><p>James Watt je i dalje usavršavao svoj parni stroj. Izradio je i regulator pare s kuglicama ili <a href="/wiki/Centrifugalni_regulator" title="Centrifugalni regulator">centrifugalni regulator</a>, koji s povećanjem <a href="/wiki/Broj_okretaja" title="Broj okretaja">brzine vrtnje</a> stroja, kuglice se podižu i zatvaraju regulacijski <a href="/wiki/Ventil" title="Ventil">ventil</a>, pa se dotok pare smanjuje i brzina vrtnje opada. Ideja je bila da bi se brzina vrtnje stroja održavala konstantnom, mora se dovoditi konstantna struja pare. To je bio jedan od prvih uspješnih primjera <a href="/wiki/Automatizacija" title="Automatizacija">automatskog upravljanja</a> u industriji, budući je regulator uspio osigurati <a href="/wiki/Stabilnost" title="Stabilnost">stabilnost</a> sustava. Uspio je napraviti cilindar s dvostrukim djelovanjem, para je strujila s obje strane cilindra, tako da je vršila <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlak</a> na klip i kod njegovog podizanja i spuštanja. Watt je napravio i parni <a href="/wiki/Indikator" class="mw-disambig" title="Indikator">indikator</a>, koji je snimao <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlak</a> pare u cilindru za vrijeme rada. Usavršio je i princip paralelnog kretanja, između klipa u cilindru i klipa <a href="/wiki/Napojna_pumpa_generatora_pare" title="Napojna pumpa generatora pare">pumpe za napojnu vodu</a>. Na kraju, Watt je napravio stroj koji je bio oko pet puta uspješniji od Newcomenovog parnog stroja.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>U to vrijeme proizvodnja <a href="/wiki/Kotao" title="Kotao">kotlova</a> nije bila razvijena, tako da Watt nije mogao koristiti paru visokog tlaka, što je dosta umanjivalo uspješnost parnog stroja. Od 1794. do 1824. tvrtka “Boulton & Watt” je proizvela 1 164 parna stroja.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stroj_za_kopiranje_i_druge_inovacije">Stroj za kopiranje i druge inovacije</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Stroj za kopiranje i druge inovacije" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Stroj za kopiranje i druge inovacije"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prije 1780. nije postojao način da se kopiraju nacrti. Nakon godina pokusa, Watt je uspio napraviti stroj za kopiranje nacrta, koji se koristio i u 20. stoljeću. </p><p>1786. James Watt je prisustvovao pokusima dobivanja <a href="/wiki/Klor" title="Klor">klora</a> iz <a href="/wiki/Klorovodi%C4%8Dna_kiselina" title="Klorovodična kiselina">klorovodične kiseline</a> (HCl) i <a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">manganovog</a> dioksida. Otkrio je da se vodena otopina klora može koristiti za bijeljenje odjeće u <a href="/wiki/Tekstilna_industrija" title="Tekstilna industrija">tekstilnoj industriji</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Starost">Starost</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Starost" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Starost"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1800. James Watt je išao u mirovinu, ali je i dalje radio na svojim otkrićima. Otkrio je metodu mjerenja udaljenosti s <a href="/wiki/Teleskop" title="Teleskop">teleskopom</a>, usavršio je uljne svjetiljke, parni stroj za peglanje i stroj za kopiranje kipova. </p><p>Umro je 25. kolovoza 1819. u Heathfieldu kraj Birminghama, u svojoj 83 godini. Njegova radionica je postavljena u Znanstvenom muzeju u <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">Londonu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parni_stroj">Parni stroj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak: Parni stroj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Parni stroj"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="margin-left:0.3rem"><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7016135">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vista-xmag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/18px-Vista-xmag.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/27px-Vista-xmag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vista-xmag.png/36px-Vista-xmag.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> Podrobniji članak o temi: <a href="/wiki/Parni_stroj" title="Parni stroj">Parni stroj</a></div></i></div> <p><b>Parni stroj</b> je <a href="/wiki/Toplinski_stroj" title="Toplinski stroj">toplinski stroj</a> koji <a href="/wiki/Energija" title="Energija">energiju</a> <a href="/wiki/Vodena_para" title="Vodena para">vodene pare</a> <a href="/wiki/Ekspanzija" class="mw-disambig" title="Ekspanzija">ekspanzijom</a> pretvara u <a href="/wiki/Mehani%C4%8Dki_rad" class="mw-redirect" title="Mehanički rad">mehanički rad</a>. Po konstrukcijskoj izvedbi pripada među <a href="/wiki/Stapni_i_klipni_strojevi" title="Stapni i klipni strojevi">stapne strojeve</a>. Para se proizvodi u <a href="/wiki/Kotao" title="Kotao">kotlu</a> te dovodi u <a href="/wiki/Cilindar" class="mw-disambig" title="Cilindar">cilindar</a>, gdje obavlja rad djelovanjem <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlaka</a> na jednu stranu <a href="/wiki/Stap" title="Stap">stapa</a> (jednoradni parni stroj), ili naizmjence na jednu pa na drugu stranu stapa (dvoradni parni stroj), potiskujući stap amo-tamo. Radni ciklus jednoradnoga parnog stroja započinje kada se stap nalazi u gornjem, takozvanom mrtvom položaju, uz otvoren dovod, a zatvoren odvod pare. Djelovanjem pare stap se pomiče do donjega mrtvog položaja, kada se zatvara dovod, a otvara odvod pare iz cilindra. Energiju potrebnu za vraćanje stapa natrag te za istiskivanje većega dijela preostale pare iz cilindra svojom inercijom (<a href="/wiki/Tromost" title="Tromost">tromost</a>) daje teški željezni kotač <a href="/wiki/Zama%C5%A1njak" title="Zamašnjak">zamašnjak</a>. Kod dvoradnoga stroja <a href="/wiki/Konstrukcija" title="Konstrukcija">konstrukcija</a> cilindra omogućuje izmjenično uvođenje pare, s jedne pa s druge strane stapa. Zbog toga, za istiskivanje pare nije potrebno preuzimati energiju od zamašnjaka, ali se ovaj ipak rabi za postizanje jednakomjerna rada stroja. Pravocrtno gibanje stapa između krajnjih položaja u cilindru, najčešće se pretvara u rotacijsko gibanje pogonskoga <a href="/wiki/Vratilo" title="Vratilo">vratila</a>. Za to služi mehanizam koji se sastoji od motke vezane za stap (stapajica), križne glave s kliznom papučom, te ojnice, koja je na jednoj strani zglobno povezana s križnom glavom, a na drugoj s <a href="/wiki/Koljenasto_vratilo" title="Koljenasto vratilo">koljenastim vratilom</a> (<a href="/wiki/Stapni_i_klipni_strojevi" title="Stapni i klipni strojevi">stapni i klipni strojevi</a>). Radom razvodnika, to jest dovođenjem i odvođenjem pare iz cilindra, upravlja ekscentar pričvršćen na koljenasto vratilo. Takav jednocilindričan stroj sa stapom u mrtvom položaju ne može se sam pokrenuti, pa se često izvode strojevi kod kojih na istom koljenastom vratilu rade dva ili više cilindara (višecilindrični stroj), kojima su ojnice međusobno prostorno zakrenute. Parni strojevi koji paru iz cilindra izbacuju u <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera">atmosferu</a> su ispušni strojevi, za razliku od kondenzacijskih strojeva, kod kojih se ona, pošto obavi rad u cilindru, kondenzira u <a href="/wiki/Parni_kondenzator" title="Parni kondenzator">parnom kondenzatoru</a>. S obzirom na položaj središnje osi stapa i cilindra, parni stroj može biti vertikalan (stojeći parni stroj) ili horizontalan (ležeći parni stroj).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parni stroj je <a href="/wiki/Toplinski_stroj" title="Toplinski stroj">toplinski stroj</a> s vanjskim izgaranjem koji <a href="/wiki/Entalpija" title="Entalpija">entalpiju</a> <a href="/wiki/Vodena_para" title="Vodena para">vodene pare</a> pretvara u <a href="/wiki/Mehani%C4%8Dki_rad" class="mw-redirect" title="Mehanički rad">mehanički rad</a>. Jednostavnije rečeno, parni stroj je <a href="/wiki/Stroj" class="mw-redirect" title="Stroj">stroj</a> koji energiju <a href="/wiki/Vodena_para" title="Vodena para">vodene pare</a> koja se proizvodi u <a href="/wiki/Parni_kotao" class="mw-redirect" title="Parni kotao">parnim kotlovima</a> pretvara u <a href="/wiki/Mehani%C4%8Dki_rad" class="mw-redirect" title="Mehanički rad">mehanički rad</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6541845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <b>Watt, James</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=65885">[1]</a> "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Thurston Robert Henry: "A history of the growth of the steam-engine" <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://books.google.com/?id=HguRSvxVtuAC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q">[2]</a> 1878., publisher=D. Appleton and Company</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://books.google.com/?id=aA5VAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q">[3]</a> Muirhead James Patrick: "The life of James Watt: with selections from his correspondence" 1859., publisher=John Murray</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Klooster John W.: "Icons of invention: the makers of the modern world from Gutenberg to Gates" <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://books.google.com/?id=WKuG-VIwID8C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q">[4]</a> 2009., publisher=ABC-CLIO</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://books.google.com/?id=aA5VAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q">[5]</a> Muirhead James Patrick: "The life of James Watt: with selections from his correspondence", 1859., publisher=John Murray</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Tann Jennifer: "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", publisher=Oxford University Press, 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Thomas Henry, Thomas Dana Lee: "Living adventures in science", 1954., publisher=Ayer Publishing</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carnegie Andrew: "James Watt", <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.history.rochester.edu/steam/carnegie/">[6]</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051222003739/http://www.history.rochester.edu/steam/carnegie/">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 22. prosinca 2005. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>), 1905., publisher=Doubleday, Page and Company</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> "James Watt's Fire Engines Patent Act", 1775 (15 Geo 3 c. 61)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Brown Richard: "Society and Economy in Modern Britain 1700-1850", publisher=Routledge, 1991.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Rolls Erich: "An Early Experiment in Industrial Organisation: Being a History of the Firm of Boulton and Watt, 1775-1805", publisher=Longman's Green and Co., 1930.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"James Watt's legendary 'magical retreat' to be revealed at Science Museum", <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/about_us/press_and_media/press_releases/2011/03/watt.aspx">[7]</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140105173506/http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/about_us/press_and_media/press_releases/2011/03/watt.aspx">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 5. siječnja 2014. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) publisher=Science Museum (London), 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.webcitation.org/5xRvOFm3B%7Carchivedate">[8]</a><sup>[<span style="color:#a44"><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Provjerljivost" title="Wikipedija:Provjerljivost">neaktivna poveznica</a></i></span>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <b>parni stroj</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=46756">[9]</a> "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, 2015.</span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&oldid=6725625">https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_Watt&oldid=6725625</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategorije</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Izabrani_%C4%8Dlanci" title="Kategorija:Izabrani članci">Izabrani članci</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Britanski_izumitelji" title="Kategorija:Britanski izumitelji">Britanski izumitelji</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C5%BDivotopisi,_%C5%A0kotska" title="Kategorija:Životopisi, Škotska">Životopisi, Škotska</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Britanski_masoni" title="Kategorija:Britanski masoni">Britanski masoni</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skrivena kategorija: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C4%8Clanci_s_neaktivnim_poveznicama" title="Kategorija:Članci s neaktivnim poveznicama">Članci s neaktivnim poveznicama</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ova stranica posljednji je put uređivana 21. rujna 2023. u 12:09.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst je dostupan pod licencijom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.hr">Creative Commons: Imenuj autora/Dijeli pod istim uvjetima</a>; mogu se primjenjivati i dodatni uvjeti. 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