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Multiplier (PSM)</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM)"> <meta name="keywords" content="Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM)"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM)"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2098</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM)</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2098</span> Aspen Plus Simulation of Saponification of Ethyl Acetate in the Presence of Sodium Hydroxide in a Plug Flow Reactor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20P.%20L.%20Wijayarathne">U. P. L. Wijayarathne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20C.%20Wasalathilake"> K. C. Wasalathilake</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents the modelling and simulation of saponification of ethyl acetate in the presence of sodium hydroxide in a plug flow reactor using Aspen Plus simulation software. Plug flow reactors are widely used in the industry due to the non-mixing property. The use of plug flow reactors becomes significant when there is a need for continuous large scale reaction or fast reaction. Plug flow reactors have a high volumetric unit conversion as the occurrence for side reactions is minimum. In this research Aspen Plus V8.0 has been successfully used to simulate the plug flow reactor. In order to simulate the process as accurately as possible HYSYS Peng-Robinson EOS package was used as the property method. The results obtained from the simulation were verified by the experiment carried out in the EDIBON plug flow reactor module. The correlation coefficient (r2) was 0.98 and it proved that simulation results satisfactorily fit for the experimental model. The developed model can be used as a guide for understanding the reaction kinetics of a plug flow reactor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aspen%20plus" title="aspen plus">aspen plus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plug%20flow%20reactor" title=" plug flow reactor"> plug flow reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16114/aspen-plus-simulation-of-saponification-of-ethyl-acetate-in-the-presence-of-sodium-hydroxide-in-a-plug-flow-reactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16114.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">602</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2097</span> DNA Multiplier: A Design Architecture of a Multiplier Circuit Using DNA Molecules</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Md.%20Hasan%20Babu">Hafiz Md. Hasan Babu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khandaker%20Mohammad%20Mohi%20Uddin"> Khandaker Mohammad Mohi Uddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitish%20Biswas"> Nitish Biswas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarreha%20Tasmin%20Rikta"> Sarreha Tasmin Rikta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuzmul%20Hossain%20Nahid"> Nuzmul Hossain Nahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanomedicine and bioengineering use biological systems that can perform computing operations. In a biocomputational circuit, different types of biomolecules and DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) are used as active components. DNA computing has the capability of performing parallel processing and a large storage capacity that makes it diverse from other computing systems. In most processors, the multiplier is treated as a core hardware block, and multiplication is one of the time-consuming and lengthy tasks. In this paper, cost-effective DNA multipliers are designed using algorithms of molecular DNA operations with respect to conventional ones. The speed and storage capacity of a DNA multiplier are also much higher than a traditional silicon-based multiplier. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20systems" title="biological systems">biological systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20multiplier" title=" DNA multiplier"> DNA multiplier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20storage" title=" large storage"> large storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20processing" title=" parallel processing"> parallel processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141053/dna-multiplier-a-design-architecture-of-a-multiplier-circuit-using-dna-molecules" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2096</span> Unsteadiness Effects on Variable Thrust Nozzle Performance </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Tahsini">A. M. Tahsini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Tadayon%20Mousavi"> S. Tadayon Mousavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the flow unsteady behavior for moving plug in convergent-divergent variable thrust nozzle. Compressible axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations are used to study this physical phenomenon. Different velocities are set for plug to investigate the effect of plug movement on flow unsteadiness. Variation of mass flow rate and thrust are compared under two conditions: First, the plug is placed at different positions and flow is simulated to reach the steady state (quasi steady simulation) and second, the plug is moved with assigned velocity and flow simulation is coupled with plug movement (unsteady simulation). If plug speed is high enough and its movement time scale is at the same order of the flow time scale, variation of the mass flow rate and thrust level versus plug position demonstrate a vital discrepancy under the quasi steady and unsteady conditions. This phenomenon should be considered especially from response time viewpoints in thrusters design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nozzle" title="nozzle">nozzle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20study" title=" numerical study"> numerical study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsteady" title=" unsteady"> unsteady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20thrust" title=" variable thrust"> variable thrust</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1463/unsteadiness-effects-on-variable-thrust-nozzle-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1463.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2095</span> Solving Directional Overcurrent Relay Coordination Problem Using Artificial Bees Colony</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Hussain">M. H. Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Musirin"> I. Musirin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20F.%20Abidin"> A. F. Abidin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20R.%20A.%20Rahim"> S. R. A. Rahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the implementation of Artificial Bees Colony (ABC) algorithm in solving Directional OverCurrent Relays (DOCRs) coordination problem for near-end faults occurring in fixed network topology. The coordination optimization of DOCRs is formulated as linear programming (LP) problem. The objective function is introduced to minimize the operating time of the associated relay which depends on the time multiplier setting. The proposed technique is to taken as a technique for comparison purpose in order to highlight its superiority. The proposed algorithms have been tested successfully on 8 bus test system. The simulation results demonstrated that the ABC algorithm which has been proved to have good search ability is capable in dealing with constraint optimization problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20bees%20colony" title="artificial bees colony">artificial bees colony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=directional%20overcurrent%20relay%20coordination%20problem" title=" directional overcurrent relay coordination problem"> directional overcurrent relay coordination problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relay%20settings" title=" relay settings"> relay settings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20multiplier%20setting" title=" time multiplier setting"> time multiplier setting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9892/solving-directional-overcurrent-relay-coordination-problem-using-artificial-bees-colony" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2094</span> Designing and Simulation of a CMOS Square Root Analog Multiplier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milad%20Kaboli">Milad Kaboli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new CMOS low voltage current-mode four-quadrant analog multiplier based on the squarer circuit with voltage output is presented. The proposed circuit is composed of a pair of current subtractors, a pair differential-input V-I converters and a pair of voltage squarers. The circuit was simulated using HSPICE simulator in standard 0.18 μm CMOS level 49 MOSIS (BSIM3 V3.2 SPICE-based). Simulation results show the performance of the proposed circuit and experimental results are given to confirm the operation. This topology of multiplier results in a high-frequency capability with low power consumption. The multiplier operates for a power supply ±1.2V. The simulation results of analog multiplier demonstrate a THD of 0.65% in 10MHz, a −3dB bandwidth of 1.39GHz, and a maximum power consumption of 7.1mW. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analog%20processing%20circuit" title="analog processing circuit">analog processing circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WTA" title=" WTA"> WTA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LTA" title=" LTA"> LTA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20voltage" title=" low voltage"> low voltage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8028/designing-and-simulation-of-a-cmos-square-root-analog-multiplier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8028.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2093</span> Application of Optimization Techniques in Overcurrent Relay Coordination: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Auon%20Raza">Syed Auon Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahir%20Mahmood"> Tahir Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Basit%20Ali%20Bukhari"> Syed Basit Ali Bukhari </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In power system properly coordinated protection scheme is designed to make sure that only the faulty part of the system will be isolated when abnormal operating condition of the system will reach. The complexity of the system as well as the increased user demand and the deregulated environment enforce the utilities to improve system reliability by using a properly coordinated protection scheme. This paper presents overview of over current relay coordination techniques. Different techniques such as Deterministic Techniques, Meta Heuristic Optimization techniques, Hybrid Optimization Techniques, and Trial and Error Optimization Techniques have been reviewed in terms of method of their implementation, operation modes, nature of distribution system, and finally their advantages as well as the disadvantages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution%20system" title="distribution system">distribution system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relay%20coordination" title=" relay coordination"> relay coordination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Plug%20Setting%20Multiplier%20%28PSM%29" title=" Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM)"> Plug Setting Multiplier (PSM)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3872/application-of-optimization-techniques-in-overcurrent-relay-coordination-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2092</span> Numerical Investigation of the Effect of the Spark Plug Gap on Engine-Like Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fernanda%20Pinheiro%20Martins">Fernanda Pinheiro Martins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Teixeira%20Lacava"> Pedro Teixeira Lacava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is to analyze the effects of different spark plug conditions in engine-like conditions by applying computational fluid dynamics analysis. The 3D models applied consist of 3-Zones Extended Coherent Flame (ECFM-3Z) and Imposed Stretch Spark Ignition Model (ISSIM), respectively, for the combustion and the spark plug modelling. For this study, it was applied direct injection fuel system in a single cylinder engine operating with E0. The application of realistic operating conditions (load and speed) to the different cases studied will provide a deeper understanding of the effects of the spark plug gap, a result of parts outwearing in most of the cases, to the development of the combustion in engine-like conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine" title="engine">engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20injection" title=" direct injection"> direct injection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combustion" title=" combustion"> combustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spark%20plug" title=" spark plug"> spark plug</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156457/numerical-investigation-of-the-effect-of-the-spark-plug-gap-on-engine-like-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2091</span> Optimization and Design of Current-Mode Multiplier Circuits with Applications in Analog Signal Processing for Gas Industrial Package Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Baqer%20Heidari">Mohamad Baqer Heidari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hefzollah.Mohammadian"> Hefzollah.Mohammadian </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This brief presents two original implementations of improved accuracy current-mode multiplier/divider circuits. Besides the advantage of their simplicity, these original multiplier/divider structures present the advantage of very small linearity errors that can be obtained as a result of the proposed design techniques (0.75% and 0.9%, respectively, for an extended range of the input currents). The original multiplier/divider circuits permit a facile reconfiguration, the presented structures representing the functional basis for implementing complex function synthesizer circuits. The proposed computational structures are designed for implementing in 0.18-µm CMOS technology, with a low-voltage operation (a supply voltage of 1.2 V). The circuits’ power consumptions are 60 and 75 µW, respectively, while their frequency bandwidths are 79.6 and 59.7 MHz, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analog%20signal%20processing" title="analog signal processing">analog signal processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current-mode%20%20operation" title=" current-mode operation"> current-mode operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20core" title=" functional core"> functional core</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiplier" title=" multiplier"> multiplier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconfigurable%20circuits" title=" reconfigurable circuits"> reconfigurable circuits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20package%20systems" title=" industrial package systems"> industrial package systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36406/optimization-and-design-of-current-mode-multiplier-circuits-with-applications-in-analog-signal-processing-for-gas-industrial-package-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2090</span> Stem Covers of Leibniz n-Algebras</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nat%C3%A1lia%20Maria%20Rego">Natália Maria Rego</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ALeibnizn-algebraGis aK-vector space endowed whit a n-linearbracket operation [-,…-] : GG … G→ Gsatisfying the fundamental identity, which can be expressed saying that the right multiplication map Ry2, …, ᵧₙ: Gn→ G, Rᵧ₂, …, ᵧₙn(ˣ¹, …, ₓₙ) = [[ˣ¹, …, ₓₙ], ᵧ₂, …, ᵧₙ], is a derivation. This structure, together with its skew-symmetric version, named as Lie n-algebra or Filippov algebra, arose in the setting of Nambumechanics, an n-ary generalization of the Hamiltonian mechanics. Thefirst goal of this work is to provide a characterization of various classes of central extensions of Leibniz n-algebras in terms of homological properties. Namely, Commutator extension, Quasi-commutator extension, Stem extension, and Stem cover. These kind of central extensions are characterized by means of the character of the map *(E): nHL1(G) → M provided by the five-term exact sequence in homology with trivial coefficients of Leibniz n-algebras associated to an extension E : 0 → M → K → G → 0. For a free presentation 0 →R→ F →G→ 0of a Leibniz n-algebra G,the term M(G) = (R[F,…n.., F])/[R, F,..n-1..,F] is called the Schur multiplier of G, which is a Baer invariant, i.e., it does not depend on the chosen free presentation, and it is isomorphic to the first Leibniz n-algebras homology with trivial coefficients of G. A central extension of Leibniz n-algebras is a short exact sequenceE : 0 →M→K→G→ 0such that [M, K,.. ⁿ⁻¹.., K]=0. It is said to be a stem extension if M⊆[G, .. n.., G]. Additionally, if the induced map M(K) → M(G) is the zero map, then the stem extension Eis said to be a stem cover. The second aim of this work is to analyze the interplay between stem covers of Leibniz n-algebras and the Schur multiplier. Concretely, in the case of finite-dimensional Leibniz n-algebras, we show the existence of coverings, and we prove that all stem covers with finite-dimensional Schur multiplier are isoclinic. Additionally, we characterize stem covers of perfect Leibniz n-algebras. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leibniz%20n-algebras" title="leibniz n-algebras">leibniz n-algebras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20extensions" title=" central extensions"> central extensions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schur%20multiplier" title=" Schur multiplier"> Schur multiplier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20cover" title=" stem cover"> stem cover</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140090/stem-covers-of-leibniz-n-algebras" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2089</span> Numerical Applications of Tikhonov Regularization for the Fourier Multiplier Operators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fethi%20Soltani">Fethi Soltani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20Almarashi"> Adel Almarashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Idir%20Mechai"> Idir Mechai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tikhonov regularization and reproducing kernels are the most popular approaches to solve ill-posed problems in computational mathematics and applications. And the Fourier multiplier operators are an essential tool to extend some known linear transforms in Euclidean Fourier analysis, as: Weierstrass transform, Poisson integral, Hilbert transform, Riesz transforms, Bochner-Riesz mean operators, partial Fourier integral, Riesz potential, Bessel potential, etc. Using the theory of reproducing kernels, we construct a simple and efficient representations for some class of Fourier multiplier operators Tm on the Paley-Wiener space Hh. In addition, we give an error estimate formula for the approximation and obtain some convergence results as the parameters and the independent variables approaches zero. Furthermore, using numerical quadrature integration rules to compute single and multiple integrals, we give numerical examples and we write explicitly the extremal function and the corresponding Fourier multiplier operators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fourier%20multiplier%20operators" title="fourier multiplier operators">fourier multiplier operators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gauss-Kronrod%20method%20of%20integration" title=" Gauss-Kronrod method of integration"> Gauss-Kronrod method of integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paley-Wiener%20space" title=" Paley-Wiener space"> Paley-Wiener space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tikhonov%20regularization" title=" Tikhonov regularization"> Tikhonov regularization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38538/numerical-applications-of-tikhonov-regularization-for-the-fourier-multiplier-operators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2088</span> Scalable Systolic Multiplier over Binary Extension Fields Based on Two-Level Karatsuba Decomposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chiou-Yng%20Lee">Chiou-Yng Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Yo%20Lee"> Wen-Yo Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chieh-Tsai%20Wu"> Chieh-Tsai Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Chen%20Yang"> Cheng-Chen Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Shifted polynomial basis (SPB) is a variation of polynomial basis representation. SPB has potential for efficient bit-level and digit-level implementations of multiplication over binary extension fields with subquadratic space complexity. For efficient implementation of pairing computation with large finite fields, this paper presents a new SPB multiplication algorithm based on Karatsuba schemes, and used that to derive a novel scalable multiplier architecture. Analytical results show that the proposed multiplier provides a trade-off between space and time complexities. Our proposed multiplier is modular, regular, and suitable for very-large-scale integration (VLSI) implementations. It involves less area complexity compared to the multipliers based on traditional decomposition methods. It is therefore, more suitable for efficient hardware implementation of pairing based cryptography and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) in constraint driven applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digit-serial%20systolic%20multiplier" title="digit-serial systolic multiplier">digit-serial systolic multiplier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elliptic%20curve%20cryptography%20%28ECC%29" title=" elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)"> elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karatsuba%20algorithm%20%28KA%29" title=" Karatsuba algorithm (KA)"> Karatsuba algorithm (KA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shifted%20polynomial%20basis%20%28SPB%29" title=" shifted polynomial basis (SPB)"> shifted polynomial basis (SPB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pairing%20computation" title=" pairing computation"> pairing computation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8169/scalable-systolic-multiplier-over-binary-extension-fields-based-on-two-level-karatsuba-decomposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2087</span> Performance Analysis of Arithmetic Units for IoT Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nithiya%20C.">Nithiya C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Komathi%20B.%20J."> Komathi B. J.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Praveena%20N.%20G."> Praveena N. G.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuda%20Prathima"> Samuda Prathima</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At present, the ultimate aim in digital system designs, especially at the gate level and lower levels of design abstraction, is power optimization. Adders are a nearly universal component of today's integrated circuits. Most of the research was on the design of high-speed adders to execute addition based on various adder structures. This paper discusses the ideal path for selecting an arithmetic unit for IoT applications. Based on the analysis of eight types of 16-bit adders, we found out Carry Look-ahead (CLA) produces low power. Additionally, multiplier and accumulator (MAC) unit is implemented with the Booth multiplier by using the low power adders in the order of preference. The design is synthesized and verified using Synopsys Design Compiler and VCS. Then it is implemented by using Cadence Encounter. The total power consumed by the CLA based booth multiplier is 0.03527mW, the total area occupied is 11260 um², and the speed is 2034 ps. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carry%20look-ahead" title="carry look-ahead">carry look-ahead</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carry%20select%20adder" title=" carry select adder"> carry select adder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSA" title=" CSA"> CSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title=" internet of things"> internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ripple%20carry%20adder" title=" ripple carry adder"> ripple carry adder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20rule%20check" title=" design rule check"> design rule check</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20delay%20product" title=" power delay product"> power delay product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiplier%20and%20accumulator" title=" multiplier and accumulator"> multiplier and accumulator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145683/performance-analysis-of-arithmetic-units-for-iot-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2086</span> Liquid-Liquid Plug Flow Characteristics in Microchannel with T-Junction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Yagodnitsyna">Anna Yagodnitsyna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Kovalev"> Alexander Kovalev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artur%20Bilsky"> Artur Bilsky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficiency of certain technological processes in two-phase microfluidics such as emulsion production, nanomaterial synthesis, nitration, extraction processes etc. depends on two-phase flow regimes in microchannels. For practical application in chemistry and biochemistry it is very important to predict the expected flow pattern for a large variety of fluids and channel geometries. In the case of immiscible liquids, the plug flow is a typical and optimal regime for chemical reactions and needs to be predicted by empirical data or correlations. In this work flow patterns of immiscible liquid-liquid flow in a rectangular microchannel with T-junction are investigated. Three liquid-liquid flow systems are considered, viz. kerosene – water, paraffin oil – water and castor oil – paraffin oil. Different flow patterns such as parallel flow, slug flow, plug flow, dispersed (droplet) flow, and rivulet flow are observed for different velocity ratios. New flow pattern of the parallel flow with steady wavy interface (serpentine flow) has been found. It is shown that flow pattern maps based on Weber numbers for different liquid-liquid systems do not match well. Weber number multiplied by Ohnesorge number is proposed as a parameter to generalize flow maps. Flow maps based on this parameter are superposed well for all liquid-liquid systems of this work and other experiments. Plug length and velocity are measured for the plug flow regime. When dispersed liquid wets channel walls plug length cannot be predicted by known empirical correlations. By means of particle tracking velocimetry technique instantaneous velocity fields in a plug flow regime were measured. Flow circulation inside plug was calculated using velocity data that can be useful for mass flux prediction in chemical reactions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20patterns" title="flow patterns">flow patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrodynamics" title=" hydrodynamics"> hydrodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid-liquid%20flow" title=" liquid-liquid flow"> liquid-liquid flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microchannel" title=" microchannel"> microchannel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67484/liquid-liquid-plug-flow-characteristics-in-microchannel-with-t-junction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2085</span> Efficient Semi-Systolic Finite Field Multiplier Using Redundant Basis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Ho%20Lee">Hyun-Ho Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kee-Won%20Kim"> Kee-Won Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The arithmetic operations over GF(2m) have been extensively used in error correcting codes and public-key cryptography schemes. Finite field arithmetic includes addition, multiplication, division and inversion operations. Addition is very simple and can be implemented with an extremely simple circuit. The other operations are much more complex. The multiplication is the most important for cryptosystems, such as the elliptic curve cryptosystem, since computing exponentiation, division, and computing multiplicative inverse can be performed by computing multiplication iteratively. In this paper, we present a parallel computation algorithm that operates Montgomery multiplication over finite field using redundant basis. Also, based on the multiplication algorithm, we present an efficient semi-systolic multiplier over finite field. The multiplier has less space and time complexities compared to related multipliers. As compared to the corresponding existing structures, the multiplier saves at least 5% area, 50% time, and 53% area-time (AT) complexity. Accordingly, it is well suited for VLSI implementation and can be easily applied as a basic component for computing complex operations over finite field, such as inversion and division operation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20field" title="finite field">finite field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Montgomery%20multiplication" title=" Montgomery multiplication"> Montgomery multiplication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systolic%20array" title=" systolic array"> systolic array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptography" title=" cryptography"> cryptography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55023/efficient-semi-systolic-finite-field-multiplier-using-redundant-basis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2084</span> Flame Kernel Growth and Related Effects of Spark Plug Electrodes: Fluid Motion Interaction in an Optically Accessible DISI Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Schirru">A. Schirru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Irimescu"> A. Irimescu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Merola"> S. Merola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20d%E2%80%99Adamo"> A. d’Adamo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Fontanesi"> S. Fontanesi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the aspects that are usually neglected during the design phase of an engine is the effect of the spark plug on the flow field inside the combustion chamber. Because of the difficulties in the experimental investigation of the mutual interaction between flow alteration and early flame kernel convection effect inside the engine combustion chamber, CFD-3D simulation is usually exploited in such cases. Experimentally speaking, a particular type of engine has to be used in order to directly observe the flame propagation process. In this study, a double electrode spark plug was fitted into an optically accessible engine and a high-speed camera was used to capture the initial stages of the combustion process. Both the arc and the kernel phases were observed. Then, a morphologic analysis was carried out and the position of the center of mass of the flame, relative to the spark plug position, was calculated. The crossflow orientation was chosen for the spark plug and the kernel growth process was observed for different air-fuel ratios. It was observed that during a normal cycle the flow field between the electrodes tends to transport the arc deforming it. Because of that, the kernel growth phase takes place away from the electrodes and the flame propagates with a preferential direction dictated by the flow field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Combustion" title="Combustion">Combustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Optically%20Accessible%20Engine" title=" Optically Accessible Engine"> Optically Accessible Engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spark-Ignition%20Engine" title=" Spark-Ignition Engine"> Spark-Ignition Engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sparl%20Orientation" title=" Sparl Orientation"> Sparl Orientation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kernel%20Growth" title=" Kernel Growth"> Kernel Growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122902/flame-kernel-growth-and-related-effects-of-spark-plug-electrodes-fluid-motion-interaction-in-an-optically-accessible-disi-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2083</span> Study of Cavitation Phenomena Based on Flow Visualization Test in 3-Way Reversing Valve</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyo%20Lim%20Kang">Hyo Lim Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20An%20Kim"> Tae An Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Ho%20Han"> Seung Ho Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A 3-way reversing valve has been used in automotive washing machines to remove remaining oil and dirt on machined engine and transmission blocks. It provides rapid and accurate changes of water flow direction without any precise control device. However, due to its complicated bottom-plug shape, a cavitation occurs in a wide range of the bottom-plug in a downstream. In this study, the cavitation index and POC (percent of cavitation) were used to evaluate quantitatively the cavitation phenomena occurring at the bottom-plug. An optimal shape design was carried out via parametric study for geometries of the bottom-plug, in which a simple CAE-model was used in order to avoid time-consuming CFD analysis and hard to achieve convergence. To verify the results of numerical analysis, a flow visualization test was carried out using a test specimen with a transparent acryl pipe according to ISA-RP75.23. The flow characteristics such as the cavitation occurring in the downstream were investigated by using a flow test equipment with valve and pump including a flow control system and high-speed camera. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavitation" title="cavitation">cavitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20visualization%20test" title=" flow visualization test"> flow visualization test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20shape%20design" title=" optimal shape design"> optimal shape design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percent%20of%20cavitation" title=" percent of cavitation"> percent of cavitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reversing%20valve" title=" reversing valve"> reversing valve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55298/study-of-cavitation-phenomena-based-on-flow-visualization-test-in-3-way-reversing-valve" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55298.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2082</span> Process Parameter Study on Friction Push Plug Welding of AA6061 Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Li">H. Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Qin"> W. Qin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ben%20Ye"> Ben Ye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction Push Plug Welding (FPPW) is a solid phase welding suitable for repairing defective welds and filling self-reacting weld keyholes in Friction Stir Welds. In FPPW process, a tapered shaped plug is rotated at high speed and forced into a tapered hole in the substrate. The plug and substrate metal is softened by the increasing temperature generated by friction and material plastic deformation. This paper aims to investigate the effect of process parameters on the quality of the weld. Orthogonal design methods were employed to reduce the amount of experiment. Three values were selected for each process parameter, rotation speed (1500r/min, 2000r/min, 2500r/min), plunge depth (2mm, 3mm, 4mm) and plunge speed (60mm/min, 90mm/min, 120r/min). AA6061aluminum alloy plug and substrate plate was used in the experiment. In a trial test with the plunge depth of 1mm, a noticeable defect appeared due to the short plunge time and insufficient temperature. From the recorded temperature profiles, it was found that the peak temperature increased with the increase of the rotation speed, plunge speed and plunge depth. In the initial stage, the plunge speed was the main factor affecting heat generation, while in the steady state welding stage, the rotation speed played a more important role. The FPPW weld defect includes flash and incomplete penetration in the upper, middle and bottom interface with the substrate. To obtain defect free weld, the higher rotation speed and proper plunge depth were recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20push%20plug%20welding" title="friction push plug welding">friction push plug welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20parameter" title=" process parameter"> process parameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weld%20defect" title=" weld defect"> weld defect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthogonal%20design" title=" orthogonal design"> orthogonal design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96583/process-parameter-study-on-friction-push-plug-welding-of-aa6061-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96583.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2081</span> A New Smart Plug for Home Energy Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20E.%20Kiral">G. E. Kiral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Elma"> O. Elma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20T.%20Ince"> A. T. Ince</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Vural"> B. Vural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20S.%20Selamogullari"> U. S. Selamogullari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Uzunoglu"> M. Uzunoglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy is an indispensable resource to meet the needs of people. Depending on the needs of people, the correct and efficient use of electrical energy has became important nowadays. Besides the need for the electrical energy is also increasing with the rapidly developing technology and continuously changing living standards. Due to the depletion of energy sources and increased demand for electricity, efficient energy use is an important research topic. Recently, ideas like smart cities, smart buildings and smart homes have been widely used under smart grid concept. With smart grid infrastructure, it will be possible to monitor electrical demand of a residential customer and control each electricity generation center for more efficient energy flow. The smallest component of the smart grid can be considered as smart homes. Better utilization of the electrical grid can be achieved through the communication of the smart home with both other customers in the grid and appliances in the house itself since generation can effectively be scheduled by having more precise demand data. Smart Plugs are used for the communication with the household appliances in the house. Smart Plug is an intermediate control element, which can be mounted on the existing outlet, and thus can be used to monitor the energy consumption of the plugged device and also can provide on/off control energy remotely. This study proposes a Smart Plug for energy monitoring and energy management. Proposed design is composed of five subsystems: micro controller embedded system with communication system, metering circuitry, power supply and switching circuitry. The developed smart plug offers efficient use of electrical energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=home%20energy%20management" title=" home energy management"> home energy management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20home" title=" smart home"> smart home</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20plug" title=" smart plug"> smart plug</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29829/a-new-smart-plug-for-home-energy-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29829.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">727</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2080</span> Inertia Friction Pull Plug Welding, a New Weld Repair Technique of Aluminium Friction Stir Welding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guoqing%20Wang">Guoqing Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanhua%20Zhao"> Yanhua Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Zhang"> Lina Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingbin%20Bai"> Jingbin Bai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruican%20Zhu"> Ruican Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Friction stir welding with bobbin tool is a simple technique compared to conventional FSW since the backing fixture is no longer needed and assembling labor is reduced. It gets adopted more and more in the aerospace industry as a result. However, a post-weld problem, the left keyhole, has to be fixed by forced repair welding. To close the keyhole, the conventional fusion repair could be an option if the joint properties are not deteriorated; friction push plug welding, a forced repair, could be another except that a rigid support unit is demanded at the back of the weldment. Therefore, neither of the above ways is satisfaction in welding a large enclosed structure, like rocket propellant tank. Although friction pulls plug welding does not need a backing plate, the wide applications are still held back because of the disadvantages in respects of unappropriated tensile stress, (i.e. excessive stress causing neck shrinkage of plug that will bring about back defects while insufficient stress causing lack of heat input that will bring about face defects), complicated welding parameters (including rotation speed, transverse speed, friction force, welding pressure and upset)，short welding time (approx. 0.5 sec.), narrow windows and poor stability of process. In this research, an updated technique called inertia friction pull plug welding, and its equipment was developed. The influencing rules of technological parameters on joint properties of inertia friction pull plug welding were observed. The microstructure characteristics were analyzed. Based on the elementary performance data acquired, the conclusion is made that the uniform energy provided by an inertia flywheel will be a guarantee to a stable welding process. Meanwhile, due to the abandon of backing plate, the inertia friction pull plug welding is considered as a promising technique in repairing keyhole of bobbin tool FSW and point type defects of aluminium base material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defect%20repairing" title="defect repairing">defect repairing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equipment" title=" equipment"> equipment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inertia%20friction%20pull%20plug%20welding" title=" inertia friction pull plug welding"> inertia friction pull plug welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20parameters" title=" technological parameters"> technological parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59502/inertia-friction-pull-plug-welding-a-new-weld-repair-technique-of-aluminium-friction-stir-welding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2079</span> Review of Vehicle to Grid Applications in Recent Years</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afsane%20Amiri">Afsane Amiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electric Vehicle (EV) technology is expected to take a major share in the light-vehicle market in the coming decades. Charging of EVs will put an extra burden on the distribution grid and in some cases adjustments will need to be made. In this paper a review of different plug-in and vehicle to grid (V2G) capable vehicles are given along with their power electronics topologies. The economic implication of charging the vehicle or sending power back to the utility is described in brief. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage%20system" title="energy storage system">energy storage system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery%20unit" title=" battery unit"> battery unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost" title=" cost"> cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20sizing" title=" optimal sizing"> optimal sizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plug-in%20electric%20vehicles%20%28PEVs%29" title=" plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs)"> plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grid" title=" smart grid"> smart grid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22824/review-of-vehicle-to-grid-applications-in-recent-years" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22824.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">600</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2078</span> Measuring the Economic Impact of Cultural Heritage: Comparative Analysis of the Multiplier Approach and the Value Chain Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nina%20Ponikvar">Nina Ponikvar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katja%20Zajc%20Kej%C5%BEar"> Katja Zajc Kejžar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While the positive impacts of heritage on a broad societal spectrum have long been recognized and measured, the economic effects of the heritage sector are often less visible and frequently underestimated. At macro level, economic effects are usually studied based on one of the two mainstream approach, i.e. either the multiplier approach or the value chain approach. Consequently, there is limited comparability of the empirical results due to the use of different methodological approach in the literature. Furthermore, it is also not clear on which criteria the used approach was selected. Our aim is to bring the attention to the difference in the scope of effects that are encompassed by the two most frequent methodological approaches to valuation of economic effects of cultural heritage on macroeconomic level, i.e. the multiplier approach and the value chain approach. We show that while the multiplier approach provides a systematic, theory-based view of economic impacts but requires more data and analysis, the value chain approach has less solid theoretical foundations and depends on the availability of appropriate data to identify the contribution of cultural heritage to other sectors. We conclude that the multiplier approach underestimates the economic impact of cultural heritage, mainly due to the narrow definition of cultural heritage in the statistical classification and the inability to identify part of the contribution of cultural heritage that is hidden in other sectors. Yet it is not possible to clearly determine whether the value chain method overestimates or underestimates the actual economic impact of cultural heritage since there is a risk that the direct effects are overestimated and double counted, but not all indirect and induced effects are considered. Accordingly, these two approaches are not substitutes but rather complementary. Consequently, a direct comparison of the estimated impacts is not possible and should not be done due to the different scope. To illustrate the difference of the impact assessment of the cultural heritage, we apply both approaches to the case of Slovenia in the 2015-2022 period and measure the economic impact of cultural heritage sector in terms of turnover, gross value added and employment. The empirical results clearly show that the estimation of the economic impact of a sector using the multiplier approach is more conservative, while the estimates based on value added capture a much broader range of impacts. According to the multiplier approach, each euro in cultural heritage sector generates an additional 0.14 euros in indirect effects and an additional 0.44 euros in induced effects. Based on the value-added approach, the indirect economic effect of the “narrow” heritage sectors is amplified by the impact of cultural heritage activities on other sectors. Accordingly, every euro of sales and every euro of gross value added in the cultural heritage sector generates approximately 6 euros of sales and 4 to 5 euros of value added in other sectors. In addition, each employee in the cultural heritage sector is linked to 4 to 5 jobs in other sectors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20value%20of%20cultural%20heritage" title="economic value of cultural heritage">economic value of cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiplier%20approach" title=" multiplier approach"> multiplier approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value%20chain%20approach" title=" value chain approach"> value chain approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indirect%20effects" title=" indirect effects"> indirect effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slovenia" title=" slovenia"> slovenia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173837/measuring-the-economic-impact-of-cultural-heritage-comparative-analysis-of-the-multiplier-approach-and-the-value-chain-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2077</span> Heat Setting of Polyester: Teaching and Learning Materials </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20W.%20Kan">C. W. Kan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heat setting is a commonly used technique in textile industry for treating synthetic fibers. In this study, we examined the effect of heat-setting process on the dyeing properties of polyester fabric. The heat setting conditions were varied, and these conditions would affect the dyeing results. The aim of this study is to illustrate the proper application method of heat setting process to polyester fabric, and the results could provide guidance note to the students in learning this topic. Acknowledgment: Authors would like to thank the financial support from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University for this work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20materials" title="learning materials">learning materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20setting" title=" heat setting"> heat setting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyester" title=" polyester"> polyester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyeing" title=" dyeing"> dyeing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60217/heat-setting-of-polyester-teaching-and-learning-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60217.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2076</span> Optimization of Multiplier Extraction Digital Filter On FPGA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiksha%20Jain">Shiksha Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramesh%20Mishra"> Ramesh Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most widely used complex signals processing operation is filtering. The most important FIR digital filter are widely used in DSP for filtering to alter the spectrum according to some given specifications. Power consumption and Area complexity in the algorithm of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter is mainly caused by multipliers. So we present a multiplier less technique (DA technique). In this technique, precomputed value of inner product is stored in LUT. Which are further added and shifted with number of iterations equal to the precision of input sample. But the exponential growth of LUT with the order of FIR filter, in this basic structure, makes it prohibitive for many applications. The significant area and power reduction over traditional Distributed Arithmetic (DA) structure is presented in this paper, by the use of slicing of LUT to the desired length. An architecture of 16 tap FIR filter is presented, with different length of slice of LUT. The result of FIR Filter implementation on Xilinx ISE synthesis tool (XST) vertex-4 FPGA Tool by using proposed method shows the increase of the maximum frequency, the decrease of the resources as usage saving in area with more number of slices and the reduction dynamic power. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiplier%20less%20technique" title="multiplier less technique">multiplier less technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20phase%20symmetric%20FIR%20filter" title=" linear phase symmetric FIR filter"> linear phase symmetric FIR filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FPGA%20tool" title=" FPGA tool"> FPGA tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=look%20up%20table" title=" look up table"> look up table</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17093/optimization-of-multiplier-extraction-digital-filter-on-fpga" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2075</span> Simulation Study of Multiple-Thick Gas Electron Multiplier-Based Microdosimeters for Fast Neutron Measurements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Moslehi">Amir Moslehi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gholamreza%20Raisali"> Gholamreza Raisali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microdosimetric detectors based on multiple-thick gas electron multiplier (multiple-THGEM) configurations are being used in various fields of radiation protection and dosimetry. In the present work, microdosimetric response of these detectors to fast neutrons has been investigated by Monte Carlo method. Three similar microdosimeters made of A-150 and rexolite as the wall materials are designed; the first based on single-THGEM, the second based on double-THGEM and the third is based on triple-THGEM. Sensitive volume of the three microdosimeters is a right cylinder of 5 mm height and diameter which is filled with the propane-based tissue-equivalent (TE) gas. The TE gas with 0.11 atm pressure at the room temperature simulates 1 µm of tissue. Lineal energy distributions for several neutron energies from 10 keV to 14 MeV including 241Am-Be neutrons are calculated by the Geant4 simulation toolkit. Also, mean quality factor and dose-equivalent value for any neutron energy has been determined by these distributions. Obtained data derived from the three microdosimeters are in agreement. Therefore, we conclude that the multiple-THGEM structures present similar microdosimetric responses to fast neutrons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fast%20neutrons" title="fast neutrons">fast neutrons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geant4" title=" geant4"> geant4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple-thick%20gas%20electron%20multiplier" title=" multiple-thick gas electron multiplier"> multiple-thick gas electron multiplier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microdosimeter" title=" microdosimeter"> microdosimeter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39231/simulation-study-of-multiple-thick-gas-electron-multiplier-based-microdosimeters-for-fast-neutron-measurements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2074</span> Simulation of 1D Dielectric Barrier Discharge in Argon Mixtures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucas%20Wilman%20Crispim">Lucas Wilman Crispim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patr%C3%ADcia%20Hallack"> Patrícia Hallack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maikel%20%20Ballester"> Maikel Ballester</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work aims at modeling electric discharges in gas mixtures. The mathematical model mimics the ignition process in a commercial spark-plug when a high voltage is applied to the plug terminals. A longitudinal unidimensional Cartesian domain is chosen for the simulation region. Energy and mass transfer are considered for a macroscopic fluid representation, while energy transfer in molecular collisions and chemical reactions are contemplated at microscopic level. The macroscopic model is represented by a set of uncoupled partial differential equations. Microscopic effects are studied within a discrete model for electronic and molecular collisions in the frame of ZDPlasKin, a plasma modeling numerical tool. The BOLSIG+ solver is employed in solving the electronic Boltzmann equation. An operator splitting technique is used to separate microscopic and macroscopic models. The simulation gas is a mixture of atomic Argon neutral, excited and ionized. Spatial and temporal evolution of such species and temperature are presented and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20discharge" title=" electronic discharge"> electronic discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ignition" title=" ignition"> ignition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spark%20plug" title=" spark plug"> spark plug</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91943/simulation-of-1d-dielectric-barrier-discharge-in-argon-mixtures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2073</span> Viability of Eggshells Ash Affecting the Setting Time of Cement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fazeera%20Ujin">Fazeera Ujin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamran%20Shavarebi%20Ali"> Kamran Shavarebi Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zarina%20Yasmin%20Hanur%20Harith"> Zarina Yasmin Hanur Harith</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper reports on the feasibility and viability of eggshells ash and its effects on the water content and setting time of cement. An experiment was carried out to determine the quantity of water required in order to follow standard cement paste of normal consistency in accordance with MS EN 196-3:2007. The eggshells ash passing the 90µm sieve was used in the investigation. Eggshells ash with percentage of 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% were constituted to replace the cement. Chemical properties of both eggshells ash and cement are compared. From the results obtained, both eggshells ash and cement have the same chemical composition and primary composition which is the calcium compounds. Results from the setting time show that by adding the eggshells ash to the cement, the setting time of the cement decreases. In short, the higher amount of eggshells ash, the faster the rate of setting and apply to all percentage of eggshells ash that were used in this investigation. Both initial and final setting times fulfill the setting time requirements by Malaysian Standard. Hence, it is suggested that eggshells ash can be used as an admixture in concrete mix. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20materials" title="construction materials">construction materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eggshells%20ash" title=" eggshells ash"> eggshells ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste" title=" solid waste"> solid waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=setting%20time" title=" setting time"> setting time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43490/viability-of-eggshells-ash-affecting-the-setting-time-of-cement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2072</span> Effect of Fiscal Policy on Growth in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parma%20Chakravartti">Parma Chakravartti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The impact of government spending and taxation on economic growth has remained a central issue of fiscal policy analysis. There is a wide range of opinions over the strength of fiscal policy’s effect on macroeconomic variables. It can be argued that the impact of fiscal policy depends on the structure and economic condition of the economy. This study makes an attempt to examine the effect of fiscal policy shocks on growth in India using the structural vector autoregressive model (SVAR), considering data from 1950 to 2019. The study finds that government spending is an important instrument of growth in India, where the share of revenue expenditure to capital expenditure plays a key role. The optimum composition of total expenditure is important for growth and it is not necessarily true that capital expenditure multiplier is more than revenue expenditure multiplier. The study also finds that the impact of public economic activities on private economic activities for both consumption expenditure and gross capital formation of government crowds in private consumption expenditure and private gross capital formation, respectively, thus indicating that government expenditure complements private expenditure in India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government%20spending" title="government spending">government spending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiscal%20policy" title=" fiscal policy"> fiscal policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiplier" title=" multiplier"> multiplier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147513/effect-of-fiscal-policy-on-growth-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2071</span> Estimating the Government Consumption and Investment Multipliers Using Local Projection Method on the US Data from 1966 to 2020</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustofa%20Mahmud%20Al%20Mamun">Mustofa Mahmud Al Mamun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Government spending, one of the major components of gross domestic product (GDP), is composed of government consumption, investment, and transfer payments. A change in government spending during recessionary periods can generate an increase in GDP greater than the increase in spending. This is called the "multiplier effect". Accurate estimation of government spending multiplier is important because fiscal policy has been used to stimulate a flagging economy. Many recent studies have focused on identifying parts of the economy that responds more to a stimulus under a variety of circumstances. This paper used the US dataset from 1966 to 2020 and local projection method assuming standard identification strategy to estimate the multipliers. The model includes important macroaggregates and controls for forecasted government spending, interest rate, consumer price index (CPI), export, import, and level of public debt. Investment multipliers are found to be positive and larger than the consumption multipliers. Consumption multipliers are either negative or not significantly different than zero. Results do not vary across the business cycle. However, the consumption multiplier estimated from pre-1980 data is positive. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20cycle" title="business cycle">business cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption%20multipliers" title=" consumption multipliers"> consumption multipliers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasted%20government%20spending" title=" forecasted government spending"> forecasted government spending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investment%20multipliers" title=" investment multipliers"> investment multipliers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20projection%20method" title=" local projection method"> local projection method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero%20lower%20bound" title=" zero lower bound"> zero lower bound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141968/estimating-the-government-consumption-and-investment-multipliers-using-local-projection-method-on-the-us-data-from-1966-to-2020" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2070</span> Assembly Solution for Modular Buildings: Development of a Plug-In Self-Locking Device Designed for Light-Framed Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laurence%20Picard">Laurence Picard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20B%C3%A9gin-Drolet"> André Bégin-Drolet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre%20Blanchet"> Pierre Blanchet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The prefabricated construction industry has been operating in North America for several years now and differs from traditional construction by its much shorter project timelines, lower costs, and increased build quality. Faced with the global housing crisis, prefabrication should be the first choice for erecting buildings quickly and at a low cost. However, the reality is quite different; manufacturers focus their operations mainly on single-home construction. This is explained by the lack of a suitable and efficient assembly solution for erecting large-scale buildings. Indeed, it is difficult to maintain the coveted advantages of prefabrication with a laborious on-site assembly and a colossal load of additional operations such as the installation of fasteners and the internal finishing. In the desire to maximize the benefits of prefabrication and make it a smart choice even for large buildings, an automated connection solution is developed. The plug-in self-locking device was developed accordingly to the product design phases: on-site observations, the definition of the problem and product requirements, solution generation, prototyping, fabricating and testing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20solution" title="assembly solution">assembly solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automation" title=" automation"> automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20productivity" title=" construction productivity"> construction productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modular%20connection" title=" modular connection"> modular connection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modular%20buildings" title=" modular buildings"> modular buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plug-in%20device" title=" plug-in device"> plug-in device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-lock%20mechanism" title="self-lock mechanism">self-lock mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142132/assembly-solution-for-modular-buildings-development-of-a-plug-in-self-locking-device-designed-for-light-framed-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142132.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2069</span> Material Use and Life Cycle GHG Emissions of Different Electrification Options for Long-Haul Trucks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nafisa%20Mahbub">Nafisa Mahbub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hajo%20Ribberink"> Hajo Ribberink</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrification of long-haul trucks has been in discussion as a potential strategy to decarbonization. These trucks will require large batteries because of their weight and long daily driving distances. Around 245 million battery electric vehicles are predicted to be on the road by the year 2035. This huge increase in the number of electric vehicles (EVs) will require intensive mining operations for metals and other materials to manufacture millions of batteries for the EVs. These operations will add significant environmental burdens and there is a significant risk that the mining sector will not be able to meet the demand for battery materials, leading to higher prices. Since the battery is the most expensive component in the EVs, technologies that can enable electrification with smaller batteries sizes have substantial potential to reduce the material usage and associated environmental and cost burdens. One of these technologies is an ‘electrified road’ (eroad), where vehicles receive power while they are driving, for instance through an overhead catenary (OC) wire (like trolleybuses and electric trains), through wireless (inductive) chargers embedded in the road, or by connecting to an electrified rail in or on the road surface. This study assessed the total material use and associated life cycle GHG emissions of two types of eroads (overhead catenary and in-road wireless charging) for long-haul trucks in Canada and compared them to electrification using stationary plug-in fast charging. As different electrification technologies require different amounts of materials for charging infrastructure and for the truck batteries, the study included the contributions of both for the total material use. The study developed a bottom-up approach model comparing the three different charging scenarios – plug in fast chargers, overhead catenary and in-road wireless charging. The investigated materials for charging technology and batteries were copper (Cu), steel (Fe), aluminium (Al), and lithium (Li). For the plug-in fast charging technology, different charging scenarios ranging from overnight charging (350 kW) to megawatt (MW) charging (2 MW) were investigated. A 500 km of highway (1 lane of in-road charging per direction) was considered to estimate the material use for the overhead catenary and inductive charging technologies. The study considered trucks needing an 800 kWh battery under the plug-in charger scenario but only a 200 kWh battery for the OC and inductive charging scenarios. Results showed that overall the inductive charging scenario has the lowest material use followed by OC and plug-in charger scenarios respectively. The materials use for the OC and plug-in charger scenarios were 50-70% higher than for the inductive charging scenarios for the overall system including the charging infrastructure and battery. The life cycle GHG emissions from the construction and installation of the charging technology material were also investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charging%20technology" title="charging technology">charging technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eroad" title=" eroad"> eroad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GHG%20emissions" title=" GHG emissions"> GHG emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20use" title=" material use"> material use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overhead%20catenary" title=" overhead catenary"> overhead catenary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plug%20in%20charger" title=" plug in charger"> plug in charger</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184498/material-use-and-life-cycle-ghg-emissions-of-different-electrification-options-for-long-haul-trucks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Plug%20Setting%20Multiplier%20%28PSM%29&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Plug%20Setting%20Multiplier%20%28PSM%29&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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