El concepto de OpenStack

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data-rh-layout="stacked" ><header class="rh-band-header" data-rh-layout="only8 center" data-rh-theme="">  <ul class="rh-navigation-link--component" data-rh-nav-type="breadcrumb" ><li class="rh-navigation-link-container"><a class="rh-navigation-link-item" href="/es/topics" title="central | temas" > Temas </a></li><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" width="11" height="11" viewBox="0 -18 1024 1055"><path d="M810.642 511.557c0 8.905-3.447 16.776-10.284 23.613L322.31 1013.216c-6.835 6.837-14.706 10.284-23.61 10.284s-16.776-3.447-23.613-10.284l-51.303-51.303c-6.837-6.837-10.284-14.707-10.284-23.612s3.447-16.775 10.284-23.61L626.972 511.5 223.784 108.31c-6.837-6.835-10.284-14.706-10.284-23.61s3.447-16.776 10.284-23.613l51.303-51.303C281.924 2.947 289.794-.5 298.7-.5s16.775 3.447 23.61 10.284L800.36 487.83c6.837 6.837 10.284 14.708 10.284 23.613v.114" stroke-width="25" stroke="black"/></svg><li class="rh-navigation-link-container"> El concepto de OpenStack </li></ul>  <div class="rh-band-header--component" ><h1 class="rh-band-header-hero-headline" >El concepto de OpenStack</h1> </div>  <div class="rh-front-matter--component"><div class="rh-front-matter-wrapper" data-rh-layout="inline-horizontal"><div class="rh-front-matter-metadata"><span class="rh-front-matter-metadata-publish-date">Publicado 3 de octubre de 2021 </span><span class="rh-front-matter-metadata-separator">•</span><pfe-readtime class="rh-front-matter-metadata-readtime" for="article-contents" hidden data-rh-hidden="sm">%t minutos de lectura</pfe-readtime></div><pfe-clipboard class="rh-front-matter-share" role="button" tabindex="0"><span slot="text">Copiar URL</span></pfe-clipboard></div></div>   <div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-layout="stacked" > <div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" >  <div class="rh-generic--component" > <p>OpenStack® ofrece una infraestructura de nube modular que no se ejecuta en hardware estándar y permite implementar las herramientas que necesita desde un mismo lugar y según sea necesario.</p> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="mboxDefault" data-rh-mbox="inline-promo"><div class="rh-card--layout rh-promo-topic" mbox-applied data-rh-promo=inline data-rh-border-radius=none data-rh-background="white" data-rh-theme="light" data-rh-bg-align="cover" data-rh-layout="stacked" data-rh-border="thin"><div class="rh-card-content" data-rh-layout="4 8 vcenter" ><div class="rh-image-embed--component" data-rh-align="full center-mobile" ><div class="rh-image-embed-container"><div class="rh-image-embed-span" ><img class="rh-image-embed-img" src="https://www.redhat.com/cms/managed-files/Asset-Red_Hat-Remote_working-Mini-spot.svg" alt="Illustration" height="188" width="324" loading="lazy" ></div></div></div><div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><div class="rh-band-header--component" data-rh-align=left ><h2 class="rh-band-header-subsection-headline" id="rh-j837v">CL010 - Red Hat OpenStack Technical Overview</h2></div></div><div class="rh-group-footer" ><div class="rh-group--layout" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="buttons-flex-left-end" ><div class="rh-group--layout" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="buttons-flex-left-end" ><span class="rh-cta--component" data-rh-cta-type="primary" ><a class="rh-cta-link" href="/es/services/training/cl010-red-hat-openstack-technical-overview" title="Red Hat OpenStack Technical Overview" data-analytics-linkType="cta" >Obtenga más información</a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> <script> window.appEventData = window.appEventData || []; window.appEventData.push({ event: "Inline Mbox Rendered", targetInlineMbox: { latest_inline_mbox: { name: "inline-promo-mbox", selector: "[data-rh-mbox='inline-promo']", }, }, __adobe: { target: { "lang": document.documentElement.lang, "taxonomyTopic": window._rhTarget?.util?.arrayToString(pageData?.taxonomyTopic), "taxonomyProduct": window._rhTarget?.util?.arrayToString(pageData?.taxonomyProduct), "taxonomyPrimaryProduct": document.querySelector('meta[name="taxonomy-primary-product-tid"]')?.content || '', "taxonomySubType": window._rhTarget?.util?.arrayToString(pageData?.taxonomySubType), "taxonomyChallenge": window._rhTarget?.util?.arrayToString(pageData?.taxonomyChallenge) } } }); </script> </header></section></div> </div> <div class="rh-band--layout" data-rh-content='long-form-article'data-rh-band-collapse='' data-rh-unique-id="7022921" data-rh-background="white"> <div class="rh-band-container"data-rh-layout="tall-stacked" ><section class="rh-band-main" data-rh-layout="tall-stacked" ><div class="rh-band-content" data-rh-layout="2 8 2" > <pfe-jump-links-nav id="article-nav" autobuild offset="120" sr-text="Secciones" ></pfe-jump-links-nav>  <div class="rh-group--layout" id=article-contents data-rh-layout="tall-stacked" > <div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="tall-stacked" >  <pfe-jump-links-panel scrolltarget="article-nav" data-rh-layout=tall-stacked data-rh-layout="tall-stacked" >  <div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-content-size=xl data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><header class="rh-standard-header--component" ><div class="rh-standard-header-container"><h2 class="rh-standard-header-headline-medium pfe-jump-links-panel__section" id="resumen" nav-label="Resumen" >¿Qué es OpenStack?</h2></div></header><div class="rh-generic--component" ><p>OpenStack es una plataforma de tecnología open source que utiliza recursos virtuales agrupados para diseñar y gestionar nubes <a href="/es/topics/cloud-computing/what-is-private-cloud-1">privadas</a> y <a href="/es/topics/cloud-computing/what-is-public-cloud">públicas</a>. Las herramientas que la componen se denominan "proyectos" y se encargan de los servicios principales de cloud computing, es decir, de la informática, las redes, el <a href="/es/topics/data-storage">almacenamiento</a>, las identidades y las imágenes. Además, se puede agrupar más de una docena de proyectos opcionales para crear nubes únicas que pueden implementarse.</p><p>En la <a href="/es/topics/virtualization">virtualización</a>, los recursos, como el almacenamiento, la CPU y la RAM, se extraen de distintos programas específicos de los proveedores y se dividen con un hipervisor antes de distribuirlos según sea necesario. OpenStack utiliza un conjunto uniforme de interfaces de programación de aplicaciones (API) para extraer todavía más recursos virtuales, los cuales distribuye en conjuntos distintos que se utilizan para potenciar las herramientas del <a href="/es/topics/cloud-computing">cloud computing</a> estándares que utilizan los administradores y los usuarios.</p><div class="media-element file-default media-youtube-video"><iframe src="https://www.redhat.com/es/media/oembed?url=https%3A//www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3D9-br7qDuuK4&max_width=0&max_height=0&hash=p12uDniZcj9uXTCqeiI4xB_LBzwIwWuV8-OqWvIzC1g" frameborder="0" allowtransparency width="200" height="113" class="media-oembed-content" loading="lazy" title="Why OpenStack?"></iframe></div><p> </p></div></div></div>  <div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-content-size=xl data-rh-border=bottom data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><header class="rh-standard-header--component" ><div class="rh-standard-header-container"><h2 class="rh-standard-header-headline-medium pfe-jump-links-panel__section" id="¿solo-una-plataforma-de-gestión" nav-label="¿Solo una plataforma de gestión?" >¿OpenStack es solo una plataforma de gestión de la virtualización?</h2></div></header><div class="rh-generic--component" ><p>No precisamente. Si bien existen muchas similitudes, no son lo mismo.</p><p>Es cierto que OpenStack y las plataformas de <a href="/es/topics/virtualization/what-is-virtualization-management">gestión de virtualización</a> son los principales recursos virtualizados y pueden descubrir, reportar y automatizar los procesos en entornos de diversos proveedores.</p><p>Pero mientras que las plataformas de gestión de la virtualización facilitan la manipulación de las características y las funciones de los recursos virtuales, OpenStack los utiliza para ejecutar una combinación de herramientas. Estas crean un entorno de nube que reúne los cinco criterios del <a href="//www.nist.gov/programs-projects/cloud-computing">Instituto Nacional de Estándares y Tecnología</a> para el cloud computing: una red, recursos agrupados, una interfaz de usuario, la capacidad de implementación y el control o la asignación de recursos de forma automática.</p></div></div><div class="rh-group-footer" ><div class="rh-group--layout" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><span class="rh-cta--component" data-rh-cta-type="secondary" ><a class="rh-cta-link" href="/es/topics/cloud-computing/cloud-vs-virtualization" title="artículo | ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre la nube y la virtualización?" data-analytics-linkType="cta" >Obtenga más información sobre las diferencias entre el cloud computing y la virtualización<span aria-hidden="true"><svg data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><title>Icon-Red_Hat-Directional-A-Black-RGB</title><path d="M29.74 17.95v-.1a.9.9 0 0 0-.03-.086c-.01-.025-.016-.05-.027-.075a.72.72 0 0 0-.148-.223l-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5a.75.75 0 1 0-1.06 1.06l2.86 2.86 2.86 2.86H7a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h20.19l-2.22 2.223-3.5 3.5a.75.75 0 1 0 1.06 1.06l3.5-3.5 3.5-3.5c.007-.007.01-.016.016-.023a.738.738 0 0 0 .147-.22l.005-.02a.76.76 0 0 0 .045-.236.23.23 0 0 0 .007-.03c0-.017-.008-.032-.01-.05z"/></svg></span></a></span></div></div></div></div>  <div class="rh-card--layout rh-promo-article" data-rh-promo=inline data-rh-border-radius=none data-rh-background="gray" data-rh-theme="light" data-rh-bg-align="cover" data-rh-layout="fit-content-33" data-rh-border="top-bottom"><div class="rh-card-content" data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><div class="rh-generic--component" data-rh-align="left" ><p><style type="text/css"></style></p><section><div class="dx-container dx-relative"><div class="dx-row dx-justify-center dx-items-center "><div class="dx-col-12 sm:dx-col-7 rhpb-region dx-flex" style="flex-direction:column"><div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-theme="desaturated" data-rh-layout="stacked"><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked"><div class="rh-generic--component" data-rh-align="left"><h3>Red Hat User Group en Latinoamérica</h3><p dir="ltr">Llegó Red Hat User Group Community a Latinoamérica. Nos reunimos para tener conversaciones técnicas, compartir experiencias y casos de uso en un ambiente cercano y distendido.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="dx-col-12 sm:dx-col-5 rhpb-region dx-flex" style="flex-direction:column"><div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-theme="desaturated" data-rh-layout="stacked"><div class="rh-group-footer"><div class="rh-group--layout"><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="buttons-flex-center-end"><span class="rh-cta--component" data-rh-cta-type="primary"><a class="rh-cta-link" href="https://www.meetup.com/pro/redhatlatam/?intcmp=7015Y0000048XyvQAE" target="_self" data-analytics-linktype="cta" data-analytics-text="Únete">Únete</a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></div></div></div>  <div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-content-size=xl data-rh-border=bottom data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><header class="rh-standard-header--component" ><div class="rh-standard-header-container"><h2 class="rh-standard-header-headline-medium pfe-jump-links-panel__section" id="¿cómo-funciona" nav-label="¿Cómo funciona?" >¿Cómo funciona OpenStack?</h2></div></header><div class="rh-generic--component" ><p>Básicamente, OpenStack es una serie de comandos conocidos como scripts. Esos scripts están agrupados en paquetes llamados "proyectos", los cuales transmiten tareas que generan entornos de nube. Para crear esos entornos, OpenStack depende de otros dos tipos de software:</p><ul><li>La virtualización, que crea una capa de recursos virtuales extraídos del hardware.</li><li>Un sistema operativo base, que ejecuta los comandos provenientes de los scripts de OpenStack.</li></ul><p><em>Piénselo de esta manera:</em> OpenStack por sí solo no virtualiza los recursos, sino que los utiliza para diseñar nubes. Tampoco ejecuta los comandos, sino que los transmite al sistema operativo base. Las tres tecnologías (OpenStack, la virtualización y el sistema operativo base) deben trabajar en conjunto. Esta dependencia explica por qué tantas nubes de OpenStack se implementan con <a href="/es/topics/linux">Linux®</a>, lo cual inspiró la <a href="/es/blog/red-hat-and-rackspace-new-choice-enterprise-private-cloud">decisión de la NASA y RackSpace</a> de lanzar OpenStack como un sistema de software open source.</p><p> </p><div class="media-element file-default media-youtube-video"><iframe src="https://www.redhat.com/es/media/oembed?url=https%3A//www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DbpECgQyRCNw&max_width=0&max_height=0&hash=ESj-tUHRSg8X14TAQKGLOFUOc8FNJCrx4pAOE0bzxsQ" frameborder="0" allowtransparency width="200" height="113" class="media-oembed-content" loading="lazy" title="리눅스와 함께 시작합니다."></iframe></div><p> </p></div></div></div>  <div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-content-size=xl data-rh-layout="stacked" ><div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" ><header class="rh-standard-header--component" ><div class="rh-standard-header-container"><h2 class="rh-standard-header-headline-medium pfe-jump-links-panel__section" id="elementos" nav-label="Elementos" >Los elementos de OpenStack</h2></div></header><div class="rh-generic--component" ><p>La arquitectura de OpenStack está constituida por una gran cantidad de proyectos open source, los cuales se utilizan para establecer el <a href="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_openstack_platform/8/html/director_installation_and_usage/chap-introduction#sect-Undercloud">undercloud</a> y el <a href="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_openstack_platform/8/html/director_installation_and_usage/sect-overcloud">overcloud</a> de OpenStack que emplean los administradores de sistemas y los usuarios de la nube respectivamente. Los underclouds contienen los elementos clave que necesitan los administradores de sistemas para configurar y gestionar los entornos de OpenStack de los usuarios finales, conocidos como overclouds.</p><p>Hay seis servicios básicos estables que gestionan la informática, las conexiones en red, el almacenamiento, la identidad y las imágenes, y más de doce servicios opcionales que varían según la consolidación del desarrollo. Los seis servicios principales constituyen la infraestructura que permite al resto de los proyectos gestionar los paneles, la coordinación, el aprovisionamiento de equipos sin sistema operativo, la mensajería, los contenedores y la gobernabilidad.</p></div></div></div>   <div class="rh-group--layout" data-rh-layout="stacked" > <div class="rh-group-body" data-rh-layout="card-gallery" >   <div class="rh-card--layout " data-rh-content-item data-rh-background="white" data-rh-theme="light" data-rh-bg-align="cover" data-rh-layout="stacked"><div class="rh-card-content" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" >   <div class="rh-icon-panel--component"> <div class="rh-icon-panel-wrapper" data-rh-icon-size="medium" data-rh-align="left" > <div class="rh-icon-panel-svg" aria-hidden="true"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><title>Icon-Red_Hat-Objects-Gear_Group-A-Black-RGB</title><path d="M6.83 12a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h.33a4.65 4.65 0 0 0 .84 2l-.23.23a.74.74 0 0 0 0 1.06.71.71 0 0 0 .53.22.74.74 0 0 0 .53-.22l.23-.23a4.65 4.65 0 0 0 2 .84v.33a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0v-.33a4.8 4.8 0 0 0 2-.83l.23.22a.73.73 0 0 0 .53.22.74.74 0 0 0 .53-.22.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.06l-.23-.23a4.6 4.6 0 0 0 .84-2h.32a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-.32a4.69 4.69 0 0 0-.84-2l.23-.23a.75.75 0 0 0-1.01-1.07l-.23.23a4.69 4.69 0 0 0-2-.84v-.32a.75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0v.32a4.65 4.65 0 0 0-2 .84l-.28-.23a.75.75 0 0 0-1.06 0 .74.74 0 0 0 0 1.06L8 10a4.69 4.69 0 0 0-.84 2zm5-2.5a3.25 3.25 0 1 1-3.25 3.25 3.26 3.26 0 0 1 3.25-3.23zM19.33 15.89a.76.76 0 0 0-.75.75v1.07a5.94 5.94 0 0 0-2.95 1.23l-.76-.76a.75.75 0 0 0-1.06 1.06l.76.76a5.89 5.89 0 0 0-1.23 3h-1.07a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h1.07a5.89 5.89 0 0 0 1.23 3l-.76.76a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.06.75.75 0 0 0 1.06 0l.76-.76a5.94 5.94 0 0 0 2.95 1.23v1.07a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0V29.7a6 6 0 0 0 3-1.23l.76.76a.71.71 0 0 0 .53.22.74.74 0 0 0 .53-.22.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.06l-.76-.76a6.07 6.07 0 0 0 1.23-3h1.03a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-1.07A6.07 6.07 0 0 0 24.1 20l.76-.76a.75.75 0 0 0-1.06-1.06l-.76.76a6 6 0 0 0-3-1.23v-1.07a.75.75 0 0 0-.71-.75zm4.55 7.81a4.55 4.55 0 1 1-4.55-4.54 4.55 4.55 0 0 1 4.55 4.54z"/><path d="M16.29 23.7a3 3 0 1 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3zm4.59 0a1.55 1.55 0 1 1-1.55-1.54 1.54 1.54 0 0 1 1.55 1.54zM22.83 13a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h.37a3 3 0 0 0 .24.58l-.26.26a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.06.74.74 0 0 0 .53.22.73.73 0 0 0 .53-.22l.26-.26a3 3 0 0 0 .58.24v.37a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0v-.35a2.72 2.72 0 0 0 .58-.24l.26.26a.74.74 0 0 0 .53.22.71.71 0 0 0 .53-.22.74.74 0 0 0 0-1.06l-.26-.26a2.48 2.48 0 0 0 .25-.58h.36a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-.36a2.31 2.31 0 0 0-.25-.58l.26-.26a.75.75 0 1 0-1.06-1.06l-.26.26a2 2 0 0 0-.58-.24v-.37a.75.75 0 1 0-1.5 0v.37a2.09 2.09 0 0 0-.58.24l-.26-.26a.74.74 0 0 0-1.06 0 .75.75 0 0 0 0 1.06l.26.26a2.72 2.72 0 0 0-.24.58zm3-.5a1.25 1.25 0 1 1-1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 0 0 1 1.25-1.23z"/></svg> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="rh-card-header--component" data-rh-align="left" ><h3 class="rh-card-header-headline" id="rh-gf4ae" >Nova</h3></div>  <div class="rh-generic--component" data-rh-align="left" > <p><a href="https://www.openstack.org/software/releases/ocata/components/nova">Nova</a> es una herramienta integral de gestión y acceso para los recursos informáticos de OpenStack que controla su planificación, creación y eliminación.</p> </div> </div> <footer class="rh-card-footer" >  </footer> </div>   <div class="rh-card--layout " data-rh-content-item data-rh-background="white" data-rh-theme="light" data-rh-bg-align="cover" data-rh-layout="stacked"><div class="rh-card-content" data-rh-layout="min-stacked" >   <div class="rh-icon-panel--component"> <div class="rh-icon-panel-wrapper" data-rh-icon-size="medium" data-rh-align="left" > <div class="rh-icon-panel-svg" aria-hidden="true"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><title>Icon-Red_Hat-Arrows-Interoperability-A-Black-RGB</title><path d="M17.67 12.76A3.77 3.77 0 1 0 13.91 9a3.77 3.77 0 0 0 3.76 3.76zm0-6A2.27 2.27 0 1 1 15.41 9a2.27 2.27 0 0 1 2.26-2.27zM11.62 21h-6a.75.75 0 0 0-.75.75v6.05a.74.74 0 0 0 .75.75h6a.74.74 0 0 0 .75-.75v-6.08a.75.75 0 0 0-.75-.72zm-.75 6H6.32v-4.53h4.55zM31.24 23.72a.77.77 0 0 0-.52-.53l-6.79-1.94a.73.73 0 0 0-.73.18.79.79 0 0 0-.2.57.62.62 0 0 0 0 .19l1.88 7a.75.75 0 0 0 .53.53.65.65 0 0 0 .19 0 .77.77 0 0 0 .54-.22l4.91-5.08a.72.72 0 0 0 .21-.52 1.23 1.23 0 0 0-.02-.18zM26 27.51l-1.19-4.46 4.31 1.24zM26.61 19.3a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0 10.4 10.4 0 0 0-3.91-8.14.76.76 0 0 0-1.06.11.75.75 0 0 0 .12 1.06 8.87 8.87 0 0 1 3.35 6.97zM8 18.83h.1a.75.75 0 0 0 .74-.66 8.85 8.85 0 0 1 3.28-5.85.75.75 0 1 0-.94-1.17A10.4 10.4 0 0 0 7.32 18a.74.74 0 0 0 .68.83zM21 27.59a9 9 0 0 1-5.58.36.75.75 0 0 0-.37 1.46 10.76 10.76 0 0 0 2.6.32 10.47 10.47 0 0 0 3.94-.73.75.75 0 0 0 .41-1 .75.75 0 0 0-1-.41z"/></svg> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="rh-card-header--component" data-rh-align="left" ><h3 class="rh-card-header-headline" id="rh-4t4vp" >Neutron</h3></div>  <div class="rh-generic--component" data-rh-align="left" > <p><a 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4.25-8.25 4.25S9.75 15.3 9.75 13 13.53 8.75 18 8.75zm0 18.5c-4.47 0-8.25-1.95-8.25-4.25v-1.9c1.71 1.6 4.73 2.65 8.25 2.65s6.54-1.05 8.25-2.65V23c0 2.3-3.78 4.25-8.25 4.25z"/></svg> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="rh-card-header--component" data-rh-align="left" ><h3 class="rh-card-header-headline" id="rh-rmcoe" >Cinder</h3></div>  <div class="rh-generic--component" data-rh-align="left" > <p><a href="https://www.openstack.org/software/releases/ocata/components/cinder">Cinder</a> proporciona almacenamiento permanente en bloques. 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